Refrigerant loop, thermal management system, control method, and vehicle

Abstract

The present application provides a refrigerant loop, a thermal management system, a control method, and a vehicle. The refrigerant loop comprises a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, an electronic expansion valve, and an evaporator. One end of the evaporator is connected to one end of the compressor; the other end of the compressor is connected to one end of the water-cooled condenser; the other end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the other end of the evaporator; the electronic expansion valve is arranged on a pipe between the water-cooled condenser and the evaporator; the water-cooled condenser is configured to heat a passenger compartment; and the evaporator is configured to cool the passenger compartment.

Description

Refrigerant circuit, thermal management system, control method and vehicle

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application is based on Chinese patent application number 202410200430.1 and application date on February 22, 2024, and Chinese patent application number 202410200437.3 and application date on February 22, 2024, and claims the priority of the above-mentioned Chinese patent applications. The entire contents of the above-mentioned Chinese patent applications are hereby introduced into this application as a reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of air-conditioning technology, and in particular to a refrigerant circuit, a thermal management system, a control method, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0004] The thermal management system of a car provides cooling or heating functions of the air conditioner. The thermal management system adopts a direct heat pump system or an indirect heat pump system.

[0005] Currently, existing thermal management systems have complex refrigerant subsystems, using various refrigerant valves to control refrigerant flow and switch between functional modes, enabling various cooling and heating modes. However, refrigerant valves are expensive, and the large number of refrigerant valves significantly increases the cost of the thermal management system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present application provides a refrigerant circuit, a thermal management system, a control method and a vehicle, the main purpose of which is to improve the technical problem that the thermal management system in the current prior art has a relatively complex refrigerant subsystem and uses various refrigerant valves to switch the refrigerant flow path and functional mode, which greatly increases the cost of the thermal management system.

[0007] In the first aspect, the present application provides a refrigerant circuit, comprising: a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, an electronic expansion valve, and an evaporator; one end of the evaporator is connected to one end of the compressor, the other end of the compressor is connected to one end of the water-cooled condenser, the other end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the other end of the evaporator, the electronic expansion valve is provided on the pipeline between the water-cooled condenser and the evaporator, the water-cooled condenser is used to heat the passenger compartment, and the evaporator is used to cool the passenger compartment.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present application provides a thermal management system, comprising: a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit as described in the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant circuit is coupled to the coolant circuit.

[0009] In a third aspect, the present application provides a thermal management system control method, which is applied to the thermal management system as described in the second aspect, comprising: in response to a control instruction of the thermal management system, controlling the compressor in the refrigerant circuit to discharge the refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve; controlling the target water pump in the coolant circuit to operate, and opening the target electronic expansion valve in the coolant circuit, wherein the target water pump includes one or more of the first water pump, the second water pump, and the third water pump, or the target water pump includes one or more of the fourth water pump, the fifth water pump, and the sixth water pump, or the target water pump includes one or more of the seventh water pump, the eighth water pump, and the ninth water pump, and the target electronic The expansion valve includes one or more of the first electronic three-way valve, the second electronic three-way valve, the third electronic three-way valve, the fourth electronic three-way valve, the fifth electronic three-way valve, the sixth electronic three-way valve, and the seventh electronic three-way valve, or the target electronic expansion valve includes one or more of the eighth electronic three-way valve, the ninth electronic three-way valve, the tenth electronic three-way valve, the eleventh electronic three-way valve, the twelfth electronic three-way valve, and the thirteenth electronic three-way valve, or the target electronic expansion valve includes one or more of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve, the fifteenth electronic three-way valve, the sixteenth electronic three-way valve, the seventeenth electronic three-way valve, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve, the nineteenth electronic three-way valve, and the twentieth electronic three-way valve.

[0010] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a vehicle, comprising: a thermal management system as described in the second aspect.

[0011] The unidirectional flow of refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant circuit of the present application can meet the corresponding cooling and heating requirements. The flow rate can be adjusted by using an electronic expansion valve without the need for a reversing valve, which saves valve components in the refrigerant circuit and effectively saves the cost of the thermal management system.

[0012] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Together, the description serves to explain the principles of the application.

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0015] FIG1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0016] FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of a thermal management system control method provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0017] FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Example 1 of the present application in one operating mode;

[0018] FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Example 1 of the present application in one operating mode;

[0019] FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Example 1 of the present application in one operating mode;

[0020] FIG6 shows a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Example 1 of the present application in one operating mode;

[0021] FIG7 shows a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Example 1 of the present application in one operating mode;

[0022] FIG8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Example 2 of the present application;

[0023] FIG9 shows a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in a second embodiment of the present application in an operating mode;

[0024] FIG10 shows a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in a second embodiment of the present application in one operating mode;

[0025] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in a second embodiment of the present application in an operating mode;

[0026] FIG12 is a schematic diagram showing a thermal management system provided in a second embodiment of the present application in one operating mode;

[0027] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in a second embodiment of the present application in one operating mode;

[0028] FIG14 shows a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Example 3 of the present application;

[0029] FIG15 is a schematic diagram showing a thermal management system provided in a third embodiment of the present application in one operating mode;

[0030] FIG16 shows a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in a third embodiment of the present application in one operating mode;

[0031] FIG17 shows a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in a third embodiment of the present application in one operating mode;

[0032] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in a third embodiment of the present application in an operating mode;

[0033] FIG19 shows a schematic diagram of the thermal management system provided in Example 3 of the present application in one operating mode.

[0034] The reference numerals in the specific embodiment are as follows: compressor 1101; water-cooled condenser 1102; electronic expansion valve 1103; evaporator 1104; gas-liquid separator 1105; hot gas bypass valve 1106; heat exchanger 1107; first PT sensor 1108; second PT sensor 1109; third PT sensor 1110; liquid reservoir 1111; first low-temperature water tank radiator 1201; first air conditioner 1202; first battery 1203; first electric drive assembly 1204; first electronic three-way valve 1205; second electronic three-way valve 1206; first water pump 1207; third electronic three-way valve 1208; first water temperature sensor 1209; second water temperature sensor 1210; first water heater 1211; fourth electronic three-way valve 1212; second water pump 1213; fifth Electronic three-way valve 1214; sixth electronic three-way valve 1215; third water pump 1216; seventh electronic three-way valve 1217; third water temperature sensor 1218; fourth water temperature sensor 1219; fifth water temperature sensor 1220; second low-temperature water tank radiator 1221; second air conditioner 1222; second battery 1223; second electric drive assembly 1224; eighth electronic three-way valve 1225; ninth electronic three-way valve 1226; fourth water pump 1227; tenth electronic three-way valve 1228; sixth water temperature sensor 1229; seventh water temperature sensor 1230; eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231; fifth water pump 1232; 1233; 13th electronic three-way valve 1234; 6th water pump 1235; 8th water temperature sensor 1236; 9th water temperature sensor 1237; 10th water temperature sensor 1238; one-way valve 1239; electronic four-way valve 1240; 1st expansion tank 1241; 1st air conditioning warm core 1242; 1st air conditioning cold core 1243; 2nd air conditioning warm core 1244; 2nd air conditioning cold core 1245; 3rd low-temperature water tank radiator 1246; 3rd air conditioning 1247; battery 1248; 3rd electric drive assembly 1249; 14th electronic three-way valve 1250; 15th electronic Three-way valve 1251; seventh water pump 1252; sixteenth electronic three-way valve 1253; eleventh water temperature sensor 1254; twelfth water temperature sensor 1255; second water heater 1256; seventeenth electronic three-way valve 1257; eighth water pump 1258; eighteenth electronic three-way valve 1259; nineteenth electronic three-way valve 1260; ninth water pump 1261; twentieth electronic three-way valve 1262; thirteenth water temperature sensor 1263; fourteenth water level sensor 1264; fifteenth water temperature sensor 1265; second expansion kettle 1266; third air-conditioning warm core 1267; third air-conditioning cold core 1268. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present application, the scheme of the present application will be further described below. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0036] In order to improve the technical problem that the refrigerant subsystem of the current thermal management system is relatively complex and leads to high cost of the thermal management system, this embodiment provides a refrigerant circuit, as shown in Figure 1, which includes a compressor 1101, a water-cooled condenser 1102, an electronic expansion valve 1103, and an evaporator 1104; one end of the evaporator 1104 is connected to one end of the compressor 1101, the other end of the compressor 1101 is connected to one end of the water-cooled condenser 1102, and the other end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 is connected to the other end of the evaporator 1104. An electronic expansion valve is provided on the pipeline between the water-cooled condenser 1102 and the evaporator 1104. The water-cooled condenser 1102 is used to heat the passenger compartment, and the evaporator 1104 is used to cool the passenger compartment.

[0037] Compared to existing technologies, this embodiment proposes a refrigerant circuit, as shown in Figure 1. The refrigerant circuit in this application's thermal management system consists of a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, an electronic expansion valve, and an evaporator connected in series. The water-cooled condenser is used to heat the passenger compartment, while the evaporator is used to cool the passenger compartment. As a result, the refrigerant in this application's refrigerant circuit can meet both cooling and heating requirements through a single flow of refrigerant. Flow regulation is achieved using a single electronic expansion valve, eliminating the need for a reversing valve. This reduces the number of refrigerant circuit valves and effectively reduces the cost of the thermal management system.

[0038] Two specific embodiments are given below as refinements and extensions of the above embodiment.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] As shown in FIG1 , the refrigerant circuit 11 of the first embodiment includes a compressor 1101, a water-cooled condenser 1102 (WCC), an electronic expansion valve 1103 (EXV), an evaporator 1104 (chiller), and a gas-liquid separator 1105. A first end of the evaporator 1104 is connected to a first end of the gas-liquid separator 1105 (AD) via a pipeline. A second end of the gas-liquid separator 1105 is connected to a first end of the compressor 1101 via a pipeline. A second end of the compressor 1101 is connected to a first end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 via a pipeline. A second end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 is connected to a second end of the evaporator 1104 via a pipeline. An electronic expansion valve 1103 is provided on the pipeline between the water-cooled condenser 1102 and the evaporator 1104. The water-cooled condenser is used to heat the passenger compartment, while the evaporator is used to cool the passenger compartment. For example, the evaporator 1104 may be a water-cooled evaporator. In other words, the water-cooled condenser 1102 heats the passenger compartment by exchanging heat with the coolant, while the evaporator 1104 cools the passenger compartment by exchanging heat with the coolant. The refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit may be R290, but due to its significant flammability risk, reducing the refrigerant charge is crucial. An electronic expansion valve, in conjunction with the compressor, adjusts the refrigerant flow rate and evaporation pressure, enabling efficient system operation under various load conditions. This allows for a reduced refrigerant charge while maintaining system performance.

[0041] Compared to existing technologies, this embodiment proposes a refrigerant circuit, as shown in Figure 1. The refrigerant circuit in this application's thermal management system consists of a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, an electronic expansion valve, an evaporator, and a gas-liquid separator connected in series. The water-cooled condenser is used to heat the passenger compartment, while the evaporator is used to cool the passenger compartment. As a result, the refrigerant in this application's refrigerant circuit can meet both cooling and heating requirements through a single flow of refrigerant. A single electronic expansion valve regulates the flow, eliminating the need for a reversing valve. This reduces the number of refrigerant circuit valves and effectively reduces the cost of the thermal management system.

[0042] Further, as a refinement and extension of the above embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the refrigerant circuit 11 may also include: a hot gas bypass valve 1106 (Electron Release Valve, ERV); the pipeline between the compressor and the water-cooled condenser 1102 is provided with a first intermediate pipe port, the pipeline between the gas-liquid separator 1105 and the evaporator is provided with a second intermediate pipe port, a bypass pipe is connected between the first intermediate pipe port and the second intermediate pipe port, and a hot gas bypass valve 1106 is provided on the bypass pipe.

[0043] For example, the hot gas bypass valve 1106 can be used for low-temperature heating in winter, and the gas-liquid separator 1105 can be used to store refrigerant.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] As shown in FIG14 , the refrigerant circuit 12 of the second embodiment includes a compressor 1101 (EDC), a water-cooled condenser 1102, an electronic expansion valve 1103 (EXV), an evaporator 1104 (chiller), a liquid reservoir 1111 (Tank), and a heat exchanger 1107 (IHX). These components are sequentially connected via pipes to form a refrigerant circuit 11. For example, the water-cooled condenser in the refrigerant circuit may be a water-cooled condenser (WCC), and the evaporator may be a water-cooled evaporator.

[0046] The refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit may be R290 refrigerant. Due to the significant risk of flammability, reducing the refrigerant charge is particularly important. The use of an electronic expansion valve can coordinate with the compressor to adjust the refrigerant flow and evaporation pressure, allowing the system to operate efficiently under various load conditions, thereby allowing the refrigerant charge to be reduced while maintaining system performance.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 is connected to the first end of the compressor through a pipeline, the second end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 is connected to the first end of the liquid reservoir 1111 through a pipeline, the second end of the liquid reservoir 1111 is connected to the first end of the heat exchanger 1106 through a pipeline, the second end of the heat exchanger 1106 is connected to the first end of the evaporator 1104 through a pipeline, an electronic expansion valve 1103 is provided on the pipeline between the second end of the heat exchanger 1106 and the first end of the evaporator 1104, the second end of the evaporator 1104 is connected to the third end of the heat exchanger 1107 through a pipeline, the fourth end of the heat exchanger 1107 is connected to the second end of the compressor 1101 through a pipeline, the water-cooled condenser is used to heat the passenger compartment, and the evaporator is used to cool the passenger compartment.

[0048] As shown in Figure 14, the refrigerant circuit in the thermal management system of this application consists of a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, an electronic expansion valve, an evaporator, a liquid reservoir, and a heat exchanger connected by piping. The water-cooled condenser also contributes to heating the vehicle's passenger compartment through the coolant circuit, while the evaporator cools the passenger compartment through the coolant circuit. As a result, the refrigerant in this application's refrigerant circuit can meet both cooling and heating requirements through a single flow of refrigerant. A single electronic expansion valve regulates the flow, eliminating the need for a reversing valve. This saves on refrigerant circuit valve components and effectively reduces the cost of the thermal management system.

[0049] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 14, the refrigerant circuit 12 may also include: a hot gas bypass valve 1106; a first intermediate pipe opening is provided in the pipeline between the compressor 1101 and the water-cooled condenser 1102, and a second intermediate pipe opening is provided in the pipeline between the second end of the evaporator 1104 and the third end of the heat exchanger 1107, a bypass pipe is connected between the first intermediate pipe opening and the second intermediate pipe opening, and a hot gas bypass valve 1106 is provided on the bypass pipe.

[0050] For example, hot gas bypass valve 1106 can be used for low-temperature heating in winter. Using liquid accumulator 1111 in conjunction with heat exchanger 1107, exhaust bypass controls superheat via heat exchanger 1107, ensuring a liquid-free inlet to compressor 1101. Liquid accumulator 1111 can also significantly reduce the refrigerant charge. Using an exhaust bypass solution, combined with a water-side circuit, can reduce the power of second water heater 1256, further eliminating it in smaller vehicles.

[0051] In some embodiments, the refrigerant circuit 12 further includes: a first PT sensor 1108, a second PT sensor 1109 and a third PT sensor 1110; the first PT sensor 1108 is provided on the pipeline between the compressor 1101 and the heat exchanger 1107, the second PT sensor 1109 is provided on the pipeline between the compressor 1101 and the water-cooled condenser 1102, and the third PT sensor 1110 is provided on the pipeline between the liquid reservoir 1111 and the heat exchanger 1107.

[0052] For example, the first PT sensor, the second PT sensor 1109, and the third PT sensor 1110 can detect temperature data at their respective locations in real time, convert the data into electrical signals, and record the data for further data processing, analysis, and control system decision-making. In this embodiment, the PT sensors can be used to monitor the temperature of components such as the compressor 1101 and the electronic expansion valve 1103 in the refrigerant circuit 11. The control system then controls these components based on the temperature data.

[0053] Furthermore, based on the refrigerant circuit of any of the above embodiments, this embodiment also proposes a thermal management system, including a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit, wherein the refrigerant circuit is coupled to the coolant circuit.

[0054] The following three specific embodiments are used to refine and expand the above embodiment.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] The thermal management system of the first embodiment includes the refrigerant circuit 11 of the first embodiment and a coolant circuit 13 , wherein the refrigerant circuit 11 is coupled to the coolant circuit 13 .

[0057] Optionally, the coolant circuit 13 includes: a first low-temperature water tank radiator 1201, a first electronic three-way valve 1205, a second electronic three-way valve 1206, a first water pump 1207 and a third electronic three-way valve 1208; the first end of the first electronic three-way valve 1205 is connected to the first end of the first low-temperature water tank radiator 1201 through a pipeline, the second end of the first low-temperature water tank radiator 1201 is connected to the first end of the first electric drive component 1204 through a pipeline, the second end of the first electric drive component 1204 is connected to the first end of the seventh electronic three-way valve 1208 through a pipeline, and the third The second end of the electronic three-way valve 1208 is connected to the first end of the first water pump 1207 through a pipeline, the second end of the first water pump 1207 is connected to the third end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 through a pipeline, the fourth end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 is connected to the first end of the second electronic three-way valve 1206 through a pipeline, the second end of the second electronic three-way valve 1206 is connected to the second end of the first electronic three-way valve 1205 through a pipeline, and the third end of the first electronic three-way valve 1205 is connected to the pipeline between the first low-temperature water tank radiator 1201 and the first electric drive component 1204 through a pipeline.

[0058] In this embodiment, a first low-temperature water tank radiator 1201 is used to cool the water-cooled condenser 1102 in both air conditioning and battery cooling modes, as well as the first electric drive assembly 1204. These two water circuits are arranged in series. Cooling water from the water-cooled condenser 1102 is first cooled by the first low-temperature water tank radiator 1201, then enters the first electric drive assembly 1204 to cool the motor, and finally returns to the water-cooled condenser 1102 through the first water pump 1207, completing the entire circuit.

[0059] Optionally, the coolant circuit 13 may further include a first water temperature sensor 1209 and a second water temperature sensor 1210. The first water temperature sensor 1209 is provided on the pipeline between the water-cooled condenser 1102 and the second electronic three-way valve 1206, and the second water temperature sensor 1210 is provided on the pipeline between the first water pump 1207 and the water-cooled condenser 1102. By providing these two water temperature sensors, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the water-cooled condenser 1102 can be accurately obtained, facilitating accurate heat exchange control.

[0060] The coolant circuit may also include: a first water heater 1211 and a fourth electronic three-way valve 1212; the third end of the second electronic three-way valve 1206 is connected to the first end of the first water heater 1211 through a pipeline, the second end of the first water heater 1211 is connected to the first end of the first air-conditioning warm core 1242 of the first air-conditioning 1202 through a pipeline, the second end of the first air-conditioning warm core 1242 is connected to the first end of the fourth electronic three-way valve 1212 through a pipeline, and the second end of the fourth electronic three-way valve 1212 is connected to the pipeline between the third electronic three-way valve 1208 and the first water pump 1207 through a pipeline.

[0061] For example, fourth electronic three-way valve 1212 can regulate whether the air conditioner's first heating core 1242 is connected to the battery cold plate via second water temperature sensor 1218 and third water pump 1216. A first expansion tank 1241 can also be connected to the pipe opening between second electronic three-way valve 1206 and first water heater 1211. This first expansion tank 1241 provides additional space for storing expanded coolant to prevent excessive pressure within the cooling system. It also serves to vent air through a vent on the lid.

[0062] The coolant circuit system loop 13 may also include: a second water pump 1213, a fifth electronic three-way valve 1214, and a sixth electronic three-way valve 1215; the first end of the second water pump 1213 is connected to the third end of the evaporator 1104 through a pipeline, the second end of the second water pump 1213 is connected to the first end of the sixth electronic three-way valve 1215 through a pipeline, the second end of the sixth electronic three-way valve 1215 is connected to the first end of the first air-conditioning cold core 1243 of the first air-conditioning 1202 through a pipeline, the second end of the first air-conditioning cold core 1243 is connected to the first end of the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 through a pipeline, the second end of the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 is connected to the fourth end of the evaporator 1104 through a pipeline, and the third end of the sixth electronic three-way valve 1215 is connected to the pipeline between the first electronic three-way valve 1205 and the second electronic three-way valve 1206 through a pipeline.

[0063] The coolant circuit 13 may further include: a third water pump 1216 and a seventh electronic three-way valve 1217; a first end of the third water pump 1216 is connected to a third end of the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 via a pipeline, a second end of the third water pump 1216 is connected to a first end of the battery cold plate of the first battery 1203 via a pipeline, a second end of the battery cold plate is connected to a first end of the seventh electronic three-way valve 1217 via a pipeline, a second end of the seventh electronic three-way valve 1217 is connected to a third intermediate pipe port of the pipeline between the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 and the evaporator 1104 via a pipeline, and a third end of the seventh electronic three-way valve 1217 is connected to a third intermediate pipe port of the pipeline between the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 and the evaporator 1104 via a pipeline. The pipeline is connected to the fourth intermediate pipe opening of the pipeline between the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 and the third water pump 1216 through a pipeline; the third intermediate pipe opening is also connected to the pipeline connected to the third end of the third electronic three-way valve 1208, and the third end of the fourth electronic three-way valve 1212 is connected to the pipeline between the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 and the fourth intermediate pipe opening through a pipeline; the pipeline between the seventh electronic three-way valve 1217 and the battery cold plate is also provided with a fifth intermediate pipe opening, and the pipeline between the third electronic three-way valve 1208 and the first water pump 1207 is also provided with a sixth intermediate pipe opening, and a pipeline is connected between the fifth intermediate pipe opening and the sixth intermediate pipe opening.

[0064] In this embodiment, in order to better meet the different temperature requirements of the battery and air conditioner under battery heating and cooling conditions, it is necessary to implement temperature regulation of different inlets. By adopting a relatively independent third water pump 1216 and a seventh electronic three-way valve 1217, the air conditioner heating and cooling core outlet water and the battery inlet water temperature can be mixed and regulated.

[0065] In order to better control the temperature, the coolant circuit 13 may also include: a third water temperature sensor 1218, a fourth water temperature sensor 1219 and a fifth water temperature sensor 1220; a fourth water temperature sensor 1219 is provided on the pipeline between the evaporator 1104 and the second water pump 1213, a third water temperature sensor 1218 is provided on the pipeline between the third water pump 1216 and the fourth intermediate pipe outlet, and a fifth water temperature sensor 1220 is provided on the pipeline between the evaporator 1104 and the third intermediate pipe outlet.

[0066] Furthermore, in order to illustrate the processing of the thermal management system of the first embodiment and the processing of the thermal management systems of other embodiments to be described below, this embodiment also provides a control method, as shown in FIG2 , which includes:

[0067] Step 201 : In response to a control instruction of a thermal management system, control a compressor in a refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant and open an electronic expansion valve.

[0068] In some examples, the control instructions of the thermal management system may include: a cooling mode start instruction, a heating mode start instruction, a motor blocking heating and hot gas bypass mode start instruction, and a heating and dehumidification mode start instruction, etc.

[0069] Step 202: Control the target water pump in the coolant circuit to operate, and open the target electronic expansion valve in the coolant circuit.

[0070] Among them, the target water pump includes one or more of the first water pump, the second water pump, and the third water pump, or the target water pump includes one or more of the fourth water pump, the fifth water pump, and the sixth water pump, or the target water pump includes one or more of the seventh water pump, the eighth water pump, and the ninth water pump; the target electronic expansion valve includes one or more of the first electronic three-way valve, the second electronic three-way valve, the third electronic three-way valve, the fourth electronic three-way valve, the fifth electronic three-way valve, the sixth electronic three-way valve, and the seventh electronic three-way valve; or the target electronic expansion valve includes one or more of the eighth electronic three-way valve, the ninth electronic three-way valve, the tenth electronic three-way valve, the eleventh electronic three-way valve, the twelfth electronic three-way valve, and the thirteenth electronic three-way valve; or the target electronic expansion valve includes one or more of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve, the fifteenth electronic three-way valve, the sixteenth electronic three-way valve, the seventeenth electronic three-way valve, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve, the nineteenth electronic three-way valve, and the twentieth electronic three-way valve.

[0071] In the thermal management system of the first embodiment, the specific control methods of the target water pump and the target electronic expansion valve in different modes are as follows:

[0072] In some embodiments, in response to a cooling mode start instruction, the thermal management system may control the compressor 1101 in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant, close the hot gas bypass valve 1106, and open the electronic expansion valve 1103. Furthermore, the first water pump 1207, the second water pump 1213, and the third water pump 1216 in the coolant circuit may be controlled to operate, the first electronic three-way valve 1205 may open the first and second ends, the second electronic three-way valve 1206 may open the first, second, and third ends, the third electronic three-way valve 1208 may open the first and second ends, the fourth electronic three-way valve 1212 may open the first and second ends, the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 may open the first, second, and third ends, the sixth electronic three-way valve 1215 may open the first and second ends, and the seventh electronic three-way valve 1217 may open the first, second, and third ends.

[0073] For example, in air conditioning cooling mode and battery motor cooling mode, as shown in Figure 3, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from compressor 1101 releases heat in water-cooled condenser 1102 and absorbs heat in cooling evaporator 1104 of first battery 1203 and first air conditioner 1202, completing the refrigeration system thermodynamic cycle. At this time, hot gas bypass valve 1106 is closed, and electronic expansion valve 1103 operates in normal throttling mode, controlling the degree of subcooling at the outlet of water-cooled condenser 1102. The second water pump 1213 and the third water pump 1216 operate in series, allowing the coolant to release heat to the outside through the first low-temperature water tank radiator 1201; the second water pump 1213 draws the coolant cooled by the refrigerant from the evaporator 1104, and connects it to the first air-conditioning cold core 1243 in the first air-conditioning box 1202 through the sixth electronic three-way valve 1215, cooling the hot air in the first air-conditioning box 1202. The cooled coolant is divided into two parts through the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214: one part returns to the confluence point in front of the evaporator 1104, and the other part flows to the inlet end of the first battery 1203.

[0074] As shown in Figure 3, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor releases heat in the water-cooled condenser and absorbs heat in the battery cooling evaporator and the air conditioning cooling evaporator, completing the refrigeration system's thermodynamic cycle. At this point, the hot gas bypass valve closes, and the electronic expansion valve operates in normal throttling mode, controlling the subcooling at the water-cooled condenser outlet.

[0075] The coolant is surrounded by three water pumps, which can operate independently or in series. The second and third water pumps operate in series, allowing the coolant to dissipate heat through the first low-temperature water tank radiator. The second water pump draws coolant from the evaporator, cooled by the refrigerant, and connects it to the cold core in the air conditioning unit through the sixth electronic three-way valve to cool the hot air inside the air conditioning unit. The cooled coolant is then divided into two parts by the fifth electronic three-way valve, one returning to the confluence point before the evaporator and the other flowing to the battery inlet. The flow rate ratio of the two coolant parts exiting the fifth electronic three-way valve can be adjusted from 0% to 100%. If the flow rate is 0%, the coolant does not pass through the battery, and battery cooling is not required. If the flow rate reaches 100%, the battery cooling temperature is different from the air conditioning unit temperature.

[0076] In cooling mode, the second and third water pumps are connected in series in the coolant circuit on the water-cooled condenser side. After cooling the water-cooled condenser, the coolant temperature is reduced through heat exchange with the air in the first low-temperature water tank radiator. The cooled coolant is then fed into the first electric drive assembly for cooling before returning to the first water pump to complete the cycle. After cooling the refrigerant in the water-cooled condenser, the coolant passes through the second electronic three-way valve, splitting into two sub-paths. In most scenarios, port 3 of the second electronic three-way valve is in proportional regulation with a lower flow rate. The hot coolant flowing out of port 3 passes through the air conditioning heater circuit and returns to the inlet of the first water pump. In cooling mode, the hot water flowing out of port 3 dissipates heat in the heater core with the air flowing through it (the air flow through the heater core is controlled by the air conditioning unit's damper). This serves two purposes: first, to achieve temperature zoning for the left and right driving modes; second, in spring and autumn, when the air conditioning unit is operating at minimum cooling capacity, the outlet air temperature is low, requiring mixing with the heat from the heater core to achieve the optimal outlet temperature.

[0077] In the AC and battery cooling mode, because the required battery cooling temperature differs from the AC coolant temperature, and battery cooling requires temperature uniformity, this solution uses an independent third water pump through an electronic three-way valve for circulating cooling, achieving the required cooling capacity at high water flow rates. Even in conditions where battery cooling is not required but temperature uniformity is desired, simply closing port 3 of the fifth electronic three-way valve allows the battery water circuit to operate independently in a small circulation loop to achieve temperature uniformity.

[0078] For example, the battery circulates through a dedicated battery water pump and mixes with the air-conditioning cooling water to meet the battery inlet water temperature (20 degrees) and the air-conditioning water temperature (0-5 degrees), which can simultaneously meet the different requirements of battery temperature and air-conditioning temperature.

[0079] By applying this embodiment, in high-temperature operating conditions, using the air conditioning cooling mode, a single water tank radiator is used to cool both the air conditioning water-cooled condenser and the electric drive system, reducing overall system costs while maintaining the same cooling power. A separate water pump and three-way water valve are used in conjunction with the battery water subsystem to achieve combined battery and air conditioning cooling and heating modes. This ensures a significant difference in water temperature between the battery inlet and the cooling and heating cores within the air conditioning cabinet, while also maximizing water flow due to the battery's temperature-balanced performance.

[0080] In addition to the requirements of the above-mentioned cooling mode, the present thermal management system can also meet the requirements of the heating mode. In some embodiments, the thermal management system responds to the start-up instruction of the heating mode, and when the ambient temperature is higher than the preset threshold, controls the compressor 1101 to discharge the refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve 1103, and controls the first water pump 1207, the second water pump 1213 and the third water pump 1216 to operate, the first electronic three-way valve 1205 opens the first end and the second end, the second electronic three-way valve 1206 opens the first end and the third end, the third electronic three-way valve 1208 opens the first end and the third end, the fourth electronic three-way valve 1212 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 is closed, the sixth electronic three-way valve 1215 opens the first end and the third end, and the seventh electronic three-way valve 1217 opens the first end and the third end.

[0081] For example, if the ambient temperature is above -15°C, the operating mode shown in Figure 4 can be used to achieve air conditioning heating and battery heating functions through a refrigerant system including a compressor. The specific implementation scheme is shown in Figure 4.

[0082] First, the coolant discharged from the first water pump passes through the water-cooled condenser, absorbing the refrigerant's heat and becoming hot coolant. It then flows through port 3 of the second electronic three-way valve (port 2 is currently closed) to heat the air conditioner and battery. The hot coolant, flowing out of port 3, first passes through the heater core to heat the cabin air conditioner (if passenger heating is not required, the air conditioner temperature damper is closed and the heater core does not heat the air). After passing through the fourth electronic three-way valve, it passes through the battery heating cold plate and finally returns to the main branch of the first water pump, completing the entire cycle.

[0083] Through the connection between the heater core and the battery, the simultaneous heating of the air conditioner and the battery is achieved by connecting the heater and the battery water circuit in series, and through the electronic three-way valve, the higher water temperature requirement of the heater and the limited water temperature of the battery inlet are better achieved.

[0084] For example, in heating mode, as shown in Figure 4, if the ambient temperature is above -15°C, the coolant discharged from the first water pump 1207 first passes through the water-cooled condenser 1102, absorbs the heat of the refrigerant, and becomes high-temperature coolant. The coolant then flows through port 3 of the second electronic three-way valve 1206 (port 2 is currently closed) to heat the first air conditioner 1202 and the first battery 1203. The high-temperature coolant flows out of port 3, first passes through the heater core to heat the first air conditioner 1202 in the cabin (if heating is not required for the occupants, the temperature damper of the first air conditioner 1202 is closed and the heater core does not heat the air). After passing through the fourth electronic three-way valve 1212, it passes through the first battery 1203 to heat the cold plate, and finally returns to the main branch of the first water pump 1207, completing the entire cycle.

[0085] In some embodiments, after obtaining the ambient temperature of the vehicle, if the ambient temperature is lower than a certain threshold, the motor blocking heating and hot gas bypass modes can be turned on. Specifically, the thermal management system responds to the start instruction of the heating mode, and when the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to the preset threshold, controls the compressor 1101 to discharge the refrigerant, and simultaneously opens the hot gas bypass valve 1106 and the electronic expansion valve 1103 in the refrigerant circuit; controls the first water pump 1207, the second water pump 1213 and the third water pump 1216 to operate, the first electronic three-way valve 1205 opens the second end and the third end, the second electronic three-way valve 1206 opens the first end and the third end, the third electronic three-way valve 1208 opens the first end and the third end, the fourth electronic three-way valve 1212 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 is closed, the sixth electronic three-way valve 1215 opens the first end and the third end, and the seventh electronic three-way valve 1217 opens the first end and the third end.

[0086] For example, at ambient temperatures of -15°C or below, the coolant temperature after passing through the first low-temperature water tank radiator is even lower due to the relatively low air temperature, making it difficult for the refrigerant to absorb heat in the evaporator (primarily because the refrigerant density is very low at this time, unable to meet the needs of air conditioning heating and battery heating). In this case, the hot gas bypass valve and the electronic expansion valve can be opened simultaneously to achieve low-temperature heating, overcoming the problem of the compressor failing to start at low temperatures or limited compressor power. The mode shown in Figure 5 can also be operated.

[0087] The coolant is heated by the active heating of the first electric drive component or the waste heat of the first electric drive component. At this time, the first electronic three-way valve closes the first low-temperature water tank radiator branch, maintaining the coolant temperature of the entire evaporator side coolant circuit in a higher temperature range, ensuring that the evaporation pressure of the evaporator and the suction density of the compressor are in an appropriate state to meet the heating needs of the air conditioner and the passengers.

[0088] The biggest difference between the operating mode in this embodiment and the air conditioning heating mode is that ports 2 and 3 are directly connected through the first electronic three-way valve, thereby bypassing the first low-temperature water tank radiator (if it passes through the first low-temperature water tank radiator, heat will be lost to the air), and the heat of the first electric drive component is used as a low-temperature heat source to achieve stable operation of the thermal management system.

[0089] For example, the heating and hot gas bypass modes for motor stall can be as shown in Figure 5. For example, if the ambient temperature is at -15°C or below, the hot gas bypass valve 1106 and the electronic expansion valve 1103 are opened at the same time to realize the low-temperature heating function, thereby overcoming the difficulty that the compressor 1101 cannot start at low temperatures or the power of the compressor 1101 is limited.

[0090] In some embodiments, the thermal management system in this embodiment can also start a heating and dehumidification mode. The corresponding thermal management system responds to the start-up instruction of the heating and dehumidification mode, and when the ambient temperature is within the first temperature range, controls the compressor 1101 to discharge the refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve 1103, and controls the first water pump 1207 and the second water pump 1213 to operate, the first electronic three-way valve 1205 opens the first end and the second end, the second electronic three-way valve 1206 opens the first end and the third end, the third electronic three-way valve 1208 opens the first end and the third end, the fourth electronic three-way valve 1212 opens the first end and the second end, the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 opens the first end and the second end, the sixth electronic three-way valve 1215 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, and the seventh electronic three-way valve 1217 is closed.

[0091] For example, the heating and dehumidification mode can be shown in Figure 6. When the ambient temperature is between 0°C and 15°C, the air in the air conditioning unit is first cooled and dehumidified by the cold core. The dehumidified air is then heated by the warm core heat exchanger, achieving the heating and dehumidification function. This is mainly aimed at high humidity and low temperature environments where the air contains a large amount of water vapor, which can easily cause the windshield to fog. In this case, the air entering the air conditioning unit must be cooled and dehumidified before being heated by the warm air core in the air conditioning unit to achieve the heating and dehumidification function in the passenger cabin.

[0092] The heating and dehumidification mode is similar to the air conditioning and battery heating modes, remaining a heating-mode circulation system. However, on the water side, the cold water flowing out of the sixth electronic three-way valve passes through two streams. One stream connects to the air conditioning cold water core via port 2, cooling and dehumidifying the air inside the AC unit. The other stream connects to the first electronic three-way valve via port 3, bypassing or regulating the coolant flow rate to the first low-temperature water tank radiator based on actual energy needs. This allows the coolant to absorb heat from the air through the low-temperature water tank, achieving heating. Finally, the two streams merge at the evaporator inlet and enter the evaporator, transferring heat to the refrigerant.

[0093] For example, as shown in Figure 6, if the ambient temperature is within the range of 0°C to 15°C, the circulation system remains in heating mode. On the water side, however, the cold water flowing out of the sixth electronic three-way valve 1215 passes through two streams. One stream connects to the cold water core of the first air conditioner 1202 via port 2, thereby cooling and dehumidifying the air inside the first air conditioner 1202. The other stream connects to the first electronic three-way valve 1205 via port 3. The flow rate of the coolant is determined based on actual energy requirements, with the flow rate ratio of the coolant flowing into or bypassing the first low-temperature water tank radiator 1201. This allows the coolant to absorb heat from the air through the low-temperature water tank to achieve heating. Finally, the two streams merge at the inlet of the evaporator 1104 and enter the evaporator 1104, transferring heat to the refrigerant.

[0094] For situations where the ambient temperature is relatively high, such as in summer, in some embodiments, the thermal management system in this embodiment may respond to the start instruction of the heating and dehumidification mode, and control the compressor 1101 to discharge the refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve 1103 when the ambient temperature is within the second temperature range, and the second temperature range is not lower than the first temperature range; control the first water pump 1207 and the second water pump 1213 to operate, the first electronic three-way valve 1205 opens the first end and the second end, the second electronic three-way valve 1206 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the third electronic three-way valve 1208 opens the first end and the second end, the fourth electronic three-way valve 1212 opens the first end and the second end, the fifth electronic three-way valve 1214 opens the first end and the second end, the sixth electronic three-way valve 1215 opens the first end and the second end, and the seventh electronic three-way valve 1217 is closed.

[0095] For example, when the ambient temperature is between 15°C and 25°C, hot water needs to be introduced into the warm air in the air conditioner to mix it with the air conditioner outlet temperature, so that the air conditioner outlet temperature reaches the design temperature to achieve dual-temperature control of the air conditioner. As shown in Figure 7, this mode is similar to the air conditioner cooling mode. The only difference is that the high-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser outlet passes through the outlet of the second electronic three-way valve and is divided into two parts. The majority of the fluid flows through port 2 and the first low-temperature water tank radiator and the first electric drive component, and then returns to the first water pump through the third electronic three-way valve. The remaining coolant flows through port 3 of the second electronic three-way valve to the heater core and returns to the first water pump through port 2 of the fourth electronic three-way valve, completing the cycle.

[0096] For the cooling, dehumidification, and dual-temperature zone control mode, as shown in Figure 7 , if the ambient temperature is within the range of 15°C to 25°C, hot water needs to be introduced into the warm air in the first air conditioner 1202 to mix it, so that the outlet temperature of the first air conditioner 1202 reaches the design temperature, thereby achieving dual-temperature zone control of the first air conditioner 1202. As shown in Figure 7 , this mode is similar to the cooling mode of the first air conditioner 1202. The difference is that the high-temperature coolant from the outlet of the water-cooled condenser 1102 passes through the outlet of the second electronic three-way valve 1206 and is divided into two parts. The majority of the fluid flows through port 2 and the first low-temperature water tank radiator 1201 and the first electric drive component 1204, and then through the third electronic three-way valve 1208 and returns to the first water pump 1207. The remaining portion of the coolant flows through port 3 of the second electronic three-way valve 1206 to the heater core and then through port 2 of the fourth electronic three-way valve 1212 and returns to the first water pump 1207, completing the cycle.

[0097] The coolant circuit in existing thermal management systems is complex and expensive. The front-end module uses two low-temperature water tank heat exchangers to dissipate heat from the water-cooled condenser and the motor, respectively. Battery heating, at low temperatures, relies entirely on electric heaters, which are relatively powerful, heavy, and bulky. The compressor's refrigerant system cannot absorb heat from the air due to the low ambient temperature, and the compressor cannot start properly. This results in excessive electric heater power or, for the same heater power, slow heating of the battery and passenger compartment. Furthermore, in winter, when heating the passenger compartment, any motor waste heat must be absorbed through the battery cooler in the battery circuit. This disrupts the battery's water system, especially when the battery temperature is low and the motor generates excess heat. This prevents the motor waste heat from being utilized, while prioritizing passenger compartment comfort.

[0098] By applying the fully secondary circuit thermal management system provided by this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 7, the number of valve components in the refrigerant circuit of the thermal management system can be reduced, thereby reducing system costs. The coolant circuit utilizes three water pumps and multiple electronic three-way valves to form a circuit system, meeting the various functional requirements of current thermal management systems, including separate functions for vehicle air conditioning heating and heating, battery heating and cooling, motor cooling and motor waste heat recovery, and other functions, as well as combinations thereof. By adopting a secondary circuit, the refrigerant charge can be reduced, further mitigating the significant risks posed by the refrigerant's flammability.

[0099] Example 2

[0100] 8 , the thermal management system of the second embodiment includes the refrigerant circuit 11 of the first embodiment and a coolant circuit 14 , wherein the refrigerant circuit 11 and the coolant circuit 14 are coupled.

[0101] Specifically, the coolant circuit 14 of the second embodiment includes: a second low-temperature water tank radiator 1221, an eighth electronic three-way valve 1225, a ninth electronic three-way valve 1226, a fourth water pump 1227, a fifth water pump 1232 and a tenth electronic three-way valve 1228; the first end of the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 is connected to the first end of the second low-temperature water tank radiator 1221 through a pipeline, the second end of the second low-temperature water tank radiator 1221 is connected to the first end of the fifth water pump 1232 through a pipeline, the second end of the fifth water pump 1232 is connected to the first end of the second electric drive component 1224 through a pipeline, and the second end of the second electric drive component 1224 is connected to the The first end of the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228 is connected through a pipeline, the second end of the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228 is connected to the first end of the fourth water pump 1227 through a pipeline, the second end of the fourth water pump 1227 is connected to the third end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 through a pipeline, the fourth end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 is connected to the first end of the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 through a pipeline, the second end of the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 is connected to the second end of the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 through a pipeline, and the third end of the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 is connected to the pipeline between the second low-temperature water tank radiator 1221 and the fifth water pump 1232 through a pipeline.

[0102] For example, the fourth water pump 1227 and the fifth water pump 1232 operate in series, allowing the coolant to release heat to the outside through the low-temperature water tank heat exchanger.

[0103] The coolant circuit 14 also includes: a sixth water temperature sensor 1229 and a seventh water temperature sensor 1230; the sixth water temperature sensor 1229 is provided on the pipeline between the water-cooled condenser 1102 and the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226, and the seventh water temperature sensor 1230 is provided on the pipeline between the fourth water pump 1227 and the water-cooled condenser 1102.

[0104] The coolant circuit 13 also includes: an eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231; the third end of the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 is connected to the first end of the second air-conditioning warm core 1244 of the second air-conditioning through a pipeline, the second end of the second air-conditioning warm core 1244 is connected to the first end of the eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231 through a pipeline, and the second end of the eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231 is connected to the seventh middle pipe opening of the pipeline between the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228 and the fourth water pump 1227 through a pipeline.

[0105] The coolant circuit 14 also includes: a twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233, a sixth water pump 1235, and an electronic four-way valve 1240; a first end of the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233 is connected to a first end of the sixth water pump 1235 via a pipeline, a second end of the sixth water pump 1235 is connected to a first end of the electronic four-way valve 1240 via a pipeline, a second end of the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233 is connected to a third end of the evaporator 1104 via a pipeline, a third end of the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233 is connected to a first end of a battery cold plate of the second battery 1223 via a pipeline, a second end of the battery cold plate is connected to a second end of the electronic four-way valve 1240 via a pipeline, a third end of the electronic four-way valve 1240 is connected to a first end of a second air conditioning cold core 1245 of the second air conditioner via a pipeline, and a second end of the second air conditioning cold core 1245 is connected to a fourth end of the electronic four-way valve 1240 via a pipeline. The third end of the eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231 is connected to the pipeline between the electronic four-way valve 1240 and the battery cold plate through a pipeline.

[0106] Exemplarily, the coolant pumped by the sixth water pump 1235 flows through the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233. Some or all of the coolant then flows through the evaporator 1104, where it is cooled by the refrigerant. The coolant then flows to the battery cold plate and the second air conditioning cold core 1245, where it is mixed at the electronic four-way valve 1240 before passing through the sixth water pump 1235 to complete a cycle. The electronic four-way valve 1240 regulates the flow of cold water through the battery and the air conditioning unit, while the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233 adjusts the flow distribution of water from the cold water pump to the evaporator 1104 and the battery cold plate, achieving different temperatures between the battery inlet water and the air conditioning cold water, thereby meeting the cooling requirements of the battery and passenger compartment.

[0107] The coolant circuit 14 further includes: a thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 and a one-way valve 1239; a first end of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 is connected to the fourth end of the evaporator 1104 via a pipeline, a second end of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 is connected to the first end of the one-way valve 1239 via a pipeline, a second end of the one-way valve 1239 is connected to the first end of the battery cold plate via a pipeline, and a third end of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 is connected to the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 and the ninth electronic three-way valve 1229 via a pipeline. 26; the third end of the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228 is connected to the eighth intermediate pipe port of the pipe between the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 and the one-way valve 1239 through a pipe, and the eighth intermediate pipe port is also connected to the pipe connected to the third end of the electronic four-way valve 1240; a ninth intermediate pipe port is further provided between the seventh intermediate pipe port and the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228, and a tenth intermediate pipe port is further provided in the pipe between the battery cold plate and the one-way valve 1239, and a pipe is connected between the ninth intermediate pipe port and the tenth intermediate pipe port.

[0108] The coolant circuit 14 also includes: an eighth water temperature sensor 1236, a ninth water temperature sensor 1237 and a tenth water temperature sensor 1238; the ninth water temperature sensor 1237 is provided on the pipeline between the evaporator 1104 and the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234, the eighth water temperature sensor 1236 is provided on the pipeline between the battery cold plate and the seventh intermediate pipe outlet, and the tenth water temperature sensor 1238 is provided on the pipeline between the evaporator 1104 and the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233.

[0109] Furthermore, in order to illustrate the processing of the thermal management system, as mentioned above, this embodiment also provides a control method.

[0110] In the thermal management system of the second embodiment, the specific control methods of the target water pump and the target electronic expansion valve in different modes are as follows:

[0111] In some embodiments, in response to a cooling mode start instruction, the thermal management system may control the compressor 1101 in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant, close the hot gas bypass valve 1106, and open the electronic expansion valve 1103. Furthermore, the fourth water pump 1227, the fifth water pump 1232, and the sixth water pump 1235 in the coolant circuit 13 may be controlled to operate, the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 may open its first and second ends, the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 may open its first, second, and third ends, the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228 may open its first and second ends, the eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231 may open its first and second ends, the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233 may open its first, second, and third ends, the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 may open its first and second ends, and the electronic four-way valve 1240 may open its first, second, and fourth ends.

[0112] In cooling mode, as shown in Figure 9, in the coolant circuit on the water-cooled condenser 1102 side, the fourth water pump 1227 and the fifth water pump 1232 are connected in series. After the coolant cools the water-cooled condenser 1102, the coolant temperature is reduced through heat exchange with the air in the second low-temperature water tank radiator 1221. The cooled coolant is then pumped to the second electric drive assembly 1224 by the fifth water pump 1232 for cooling, and finally returns to the fourth water pump 1227 to complete the cycle. After the coolant cools the refrigerant in the water-cooled condenser 1102, it passes through the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 and is divided into two sub-paths. In most scenarios, port 3 of the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 is in proportional regulation with a lower flow rate. The hot coolant flowing out of port 3 passes through the air conditioning core circuit and returns to the heating water pump inlet. In cooling mode, the hot water flowing out from the three ports releases heat in the warm core with the air flowing through it (the flow of air through the warm core is controlled by the damper in the air-conditioning box). This has two purposes: the first is to achieve temperature zoning for the left and right driving of the air conditioner; the second is that in spring and autumn, the air outlet temperature is low because the air conditioner is cooling at its minimum capacity, and it is necessary to mix the heat from the warm air core to achieve the optimal outlet temperature.

[0113] In addition to the requirements of the above-mentioned cooling mode, the present thermal management system can also meet the requirements of the heating mode. In some embodiments, the thermal management system responds to the start-up instruction of the heating mode. When the ambient temperature is higher than a preset threshold, the thermal management system controls the compressor 1101 to discharge the refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve 1103, and controls the fourth water pump 1227, the fifth water pump 1232 and the sixth water pump 1235 to operate, the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 opens the first end and the second end, the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 opens the first end and the third end, the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228 opens the first end and the third end, the eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, and the electronic four-way valve 1240 opens the first end, the second end, the third end and the fourth end.

[0114] For example, if the ambient temperature is above -15°C, the operating mode shown in Figure 10 can be used to achieve both air conditioning and battery heating functions through the refrigerant system including compressor 1101. First, the coolant discharged from the fourth water pump 1227 passes through the water-cooled condenser 1102, where it absorbs the refrigerant's heat, turning it into high-temperature coolant. This high-temperature coolant then flows through port 3 of the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 (port 2 is currently closed) to heat the air conditioning and batteries. The high-temperature coolant, flowing out of port 3, first passes through the heater core to heat the cabin air conditioning (if passenger heating is not required, the air conditioning temperature damper is closed and the heater core does not heat the air). After passing through the eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231, it passes through the battery heating cold plate and finally returns to the main branch of the fourth water pump 1227, completing the entire cycle. If heating is only required for air conditioning and not for batteries, the coolant flowing from the heater core passes through the eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231 and returns directly to the fourth water pump 1227, closing the path to the battery cold plate.

[0115] The key to the water system on the evaporator 1104 side of this embodiment is the series connection of the sixth water pump 1235 and the fifth water pump 1232. First, the coolant pumped by the sixth water pump 1235 heats the refrigerant in the evaporator 1104, causing the refrigerant to absorb heat and evaporate back to the gas-liquid separator 1105 and compressor 1101, completing the refrigerant cycle. After the coolant heats the refrigerant in the evaporator 1104, its temperature decreases, and the 1st and 3rd ports of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 are connected (as shown in FIG. 10 , at this time, the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228 and the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 can form a first five-way water valve, wherein the 1st port of the first five-way water valve is equivalent to the 3rd port of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234, the 2nd port of the first five-way water valve is equivalent to the 1st port of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234, the 3rd port of the first five-way water valve is equivalent to the 2nd port of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234, the 4th port of the first five-way water valve is equivalent to the 1st port of the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228, and the 5th port of the first five-way water valve is equivalent to the 1st port of the tenth electronic three-way valve 1234). 228) and returns to the low-temperature water tank after passing through the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225, absorbs heat from the air through the low-temperature water tank, and then passes through the fifth water pump 1232 and the second electric drive component 1224. The coolant absorbs the waste heat of the second electric drive component 1224 in the electric drive (or the electric drive actively generates heat) (at this time, ports 4 and 3 of the first five-way water valve are connected, and port 5 is in a closed state), and then passes through ports 3 and 1 of the electronic four-way valve 1240 to be connected (as needed, if air conditioning and dehumidification are needed, the low-temperature coolant flowing out of port 3 of the first five-way valve is divided into two paths, which are connected to port 1 from ports 3 and 4 of the electronic four-way valve 1240 respectively), and then passes through the sixth water pump 1235 to complete the whole cycle.

[0116] For example, when the ambient temperature is -15°C or below, the coolant temperature is even lower after passing through the second low-temperature water tank radiator 1221 due to the relatively low air temperature. This makes it difficult for the refrigerant to absorb heat in the evaporator 1104 (mainly because the refrigerant density is very low at this time, unable to meet the needs of air conditioning heating and battery heating). In this case, the hot gas bypass valve 1106 and the electronic expansion valve 1103 can be opened simultaneously to achieve low-temperature heating function, overcoming the problem of the compressor 1101 being unable to start at low temperatures or the compressor 1101 having limited power. The mode shown in Figure 11 can also be operated.

[0117] The coolant is heated by the active heating of the second electric drive component 1224 or the waste heat of the second electric drive component 1224. At this time, the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 closes the second low-temperature water tank radiator 1221 branch, keeping the coolant temperature of the entire evaporator 1104 side coolant circuit in a higher temperature range, ensuring that the evaporation pressure of the evaporator 1104 and the suction density of the compressor 1101 are in a suitable state to meet the heating requirements of the air conditioner and the occupants.

[0118] The biggest difference between the operating mode in this embodiment and the air conditioning heating mode is that the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 allows ports 2 and 3 to be directly connected, thereby bypassing the second low-temperature water tank radiator 1221 (if it passes through the second low-temperature water tank radiator 1221, heat will be lost to the air), and the heat of the second electric drive component 1224 is used as a low-temperature heat source to achieve stable operation of the thermal management system.

[0119] For example, for the motor blocking heat dissipation and hot gas bypass mode, as shown in Figure 11, the compressor 1101 in the refrigerant circuit is controlled to discharge the refrigerant, and the hot gas bypass valve 1106 and the electronic expansion valve 1103 in the refrigerant circuit are opened at the same time; when the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to the preset threshold, the fourth water pump 1227, the fifth water pump 1232 and the sixth water pump 1235 in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 opens the second end and the third end, the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 opens the first end and the third end, the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228 opens the first end and the third end, the eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, and the electronic four-way valve 1240 opens the first end, the second end, the third end and the fourth end.

[0120] For example, if the ambient temperature is -15°C or below, the hot gas bypass valve 1106 and the electronic expansion valve 1103 are opened simultaneously to realize the low-temperature heating function, thereby overcoming the difficulty that the compressor 1101 cannot be started at low temperatures or the power of the compressor 1101 is limited.

[0121] In some embodiments, the thermal management system in this embodiment can also start a heating and dehumidification mode. The corresponding thermal management system responds to the start-up instruction of the heating and dehumidification mode, and when the ambient temperature is within the first temperature range, controls the compressor 1101 to discharge the refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve 1103, and controls the fourth water pump 1227 and the fifth water pump 1232 to operate, the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 opens the first end and the second end, the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 opens the first end and the third end, the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228 opens the first end and the third end, the eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, and the electronic four-way valve 1240 opens the first end, the second end, the third end and the fourth end.

[0122] For example, the heating and dehumidification mode can be shown in Figure 12. When the ambient temperature is between 0°C and 15°C, the air in the air conditioning unit is first cooled and dehumidified by the cold core. The dehumidified air is then heated by the warm core heat exchanger, achieving the heating and dehumidification function. This is mainly aimed at high humidity and low temperature environments where the air contains a large amount of water vapor, which can easily cause the windshield to fog. In this case, the air entering the air conditioning unit must be cooled and dehumidified before being heated by the warm air core in the air conditioning unit to achieve the heating and dehumidification function in the passenger cabin.

[0123] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 13, the circulation system is still in heating mode. When the ambient temperature is within the second temperature range, the compressor 1101 is controlled to discharge the refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve 1103, and the fourth water pump 1227 and the fifth water pump 1232 are controlled to operate, the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 opens the first end and the second end, the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the tenth electronic three-way valve 1228 opens the first end and the second end, the eleventh electronic three-way valve 1231 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the twelfth electronic three-way valve 1233 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the thirteenth electronic three-way valve 1234 opens the first end, the second end and the third end, and the electronic four-way valve 1240 opens the first end, the second end and the fourth end.

[0124] For example, when the ambient temperature is within the range of 15°C-25°C, the cold water flowing out of the 3rd port of the first five-way water valve passes through two parts. One part passes through the 2nd port of the electronic four-way valve 1240 and returns to the sixth water pump 1235, and the other part passes through the second air-conditioning cold core 1245 and the 1st port of the electronic four-way valve 1240 and returns to the sixth water pump 1235 to merge.

[0125] To further reduce system costs, multiple three-way valves can be combined into a multi-way valve. For example, as shown in FIG13 , the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 and the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 can also form a second five-way water valve, wherein port 1 of the second five-way water valve is equivalent to port 1 of the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 , port 2 of the second five-way water valve is equivalent to port 2 of the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 , port 3 of the second five-way water valve is equivalent to port 3 of the ninth electronic three-way valve 1226 , port 4 of the second five-way water valve is equivalent to port 3 of the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 , and port 5 of the second five-way water valve is equivalent to port 1 of the eighth electronic three-way valve 1225 .

[0126] A five-way water valve can have multiple switching modes depending on its functionality. For example, the first five-way water valve's five ports connect in different modes: in cooling mode, ports 2 and 3, and ports 4 and 5; in heating mode, ports 1 and 2, and ports 3 and 4; and in heating mode, ports 1 and 2, and ports 3 and 4. The second five-way water valve's five ports connect in different modes: in cooling mode, ports 1 and 3, and ports 1 and 5 (proportional control); in heating mode, ports 1 and 3, and ports 2 and 5; and in low-temperature hot gas bypass mode, ports 1 and 3, and ports 2 and 4.

[0127] Similarly, the two five-way valves can be further combined into an eight-way valve to further reduce the number of parts and save costs.

[0128] Compared to current existing technologies, the secondary circuit thermal management system structure proposed in this embodiment features a simple refrigerant circuit structure and eliminates the need for numerous refrigerant valves to meet the thermal management system's cooling or heating needs for air conditioning, battery, and electric drive components. Furthermore, due to the refrigerant circuit's simple structure and the presence of a liquid reservoir, the reservoir can be used to better store refrigerant, reducing refrigerant leakage and effectively saving refrigerant charge, meeting the needs of different refrigerant applications. Functionality can also be achieved through various means, such as using multiple valves individually or combining them into multi-way valves, further reducing system costs by using fewer components.

[0129] Example 3

[0130] 14 , the thermal management system of the third embodiment includes the refrigerant circuit 12 of the second embodiment, and a coolant circuit 15 , and the refrigerant circuit 12 and the coolant circuit 15 are coupled.

[0131] The refrigerant circuit 12 and the coolant circuit 15 form a secondary circuit. For example, heat is exchanged between the coolant circuit 15 and the refrigerant circuit 12 through the water-cooled condenser 1102 and the evaporator 1104. The coolant circuit 15 may include: a third low-temperature water tank radiator 1246. The coolant circuit 15 exchanges heat with the air through the third low-temperature water tank radiator 1246. The coolant circuit 15 can be used for temperature control of vehicle equipment. For this embodiment, the vehicle equipment may include at least one of a third air conditioner 1247, a battery 1248, and a third electric drive component 1249.

[0132] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14 , the coolant circuit 15 may further include: a fourteenth electronic three-way valve 1250, a fifteenth electronic three-way valve 1251, a sixteenth electronic three-way valve 1257, a seventh water pump 1252, and a twentieth electronic three-way valve 1253; a first end of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve 1250 is connected to a first end of the third low-temperature water tank radiator 1246 via a pipeline, a second end of the third low-temperature water tank radiator 1246 is connected to a first end of the third electric drive component 1249 via a pipeline, and a second end of the third electric drive component 1249 is connected to a first end of the sixteenth electronic three-way valve 1253 via a pipeline. The second end of the sixteenth electronic three-way valve 1253 is connected to the first end of the seventh water pump 1252 through a pipeline, the second end of the seventh water pump 1252 is connected to the third end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 through a pipeline, the fourth end of the water-cooled condenser 1102 is connected to the first end of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve 1251 through a pipeline, the second end of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve 1251 is connected to the second end of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve 1250 through a pipeline, and the third end of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve 1250 is connected to the pipeline between the third low-temperature water tank radiator 1246 and the third electric drive component 1249 through a pipeline.

[0133] In this embodiment, a third low-temperature water tank radiator 1246 is used to cool the water-cooled condenser 1102 in the third air conditioner 1247 and battery cooling modes, as well as the third electric drive assembly 1249. These two water circuits are in series. The cooling water from the water-cooled condenser 1102 first passes through the third low-temperature water tank radiator 1246 for cooling, then enters the third electric drive assembly 1249 for motor cooling, and finally returns to the water-cooled condenser 1102 through the seventh water pump 1252, completing the entire circuit cycle. A second expansion kettle 1266 can also be connected to the pipe opening between the seventh water pump 1252 and the sixteenth electronic three-way valve 1253. The second expansion kettle 1266 can provide additional space to store the expanded coolant to prevent excessive pressure within the cooling system. It can also be used to exhaust air through the vent on the lid.

[0134] In some embodiments, the coolant circuit 15 further includes an eleventh water temperature sensor 1254 and a twelfth water temperature sensor 1255. The eleventh water temperature sensor 1254 is provided on the pipeline between the water-cooled condenser 1102 and the fifteenth electronic three-way valve 1251, and the twelfth water temperature sensor 1255 is provided on the pipeline between the seventh water pump 1252 and the water-cooled condenser 1102. By providing these two water temperature sensors, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the water-cooled condenser 1102 can be accurately obtained, facilitating accurate heat exchange control.

[0135] In some embodiments, the coolant circuit 15 also includes: a seventeenth electronic three-way valve 1257; the third end of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve 1251 is connected to the first end of the third air-conditioning warm core 1267 of the third air-conditioning 1247 through a pipeline, the second end of the third air-conditioning warm core 1267 is connected to the first end of the seventeenth electronic three-way valve 1257 through a pipeline, and the second end of the seventeenth electronic three-way valve 1257 is connected to the pipeline between the seventh water pump 1252 and the sixteenth electronic three-way valve 1253 through a pipeline.

[0136] For example, the seventeenth electronic three-way valve 1257 can adjust whether the third air conditioning heater core 1267 of the third air conditioner 1247 is connected to the cold plate of the battery through the twelfth water temperature sensor 1263 and the ninth water pump 1261 .

[0137] In some embodiments, the coolant circuit 15 further includes: an eighth water pump 1258, an eighteenth electronic three-way valve 1259, and a nineteenth electronic three-way valve 1260; a first end of the eighth water pump 1258 is connected to the third end of the evaporator 1104 via a pipeline, a fourth end of the evaporator 1104 is connected to the first end of the nineteenth electronic three-way valve 1260 via a pipeline, a second end of the nineteenth electronic three-way valve 1260 is connected to the first end of the third air-conditioning cold core 1268 of the third air-conditioning 1247 via a pipeline, a second end of the third air-conditioning cold core 1268 is connected to the first end of the eighteenth electronic three-way valve 1259 via a pipeline, a second end of the eighteenth electronic three-way valve 1259 is connected to the second end of the eighth water pump 1258 via a pipeline, and a third end of the nineteenth electronic three-way valve 1260 is connected to the pipeline between the fourteenth electronic three-way valve 1250 and the fifteenth electronic three-way valve 1251 via a pipeline.

[0138] In some embodiments, the coolant circuit 15 further includes: a second water heater 1256, a ninth water pump 1261, and a twentieth electronic three-way valve 1262; a first end of the ninth water pump 1261 is connected to a third end of the eighteenth electronic three-way valve 1259 via a pipeline, a second end of the ninth water pump 1261 is connected to a first end of a battery cold plate of the battery via a pipeline, a second end of the battery cold plate is connected to a first end of the second water heater 1256 (WPTC) via a pipeline, a second end of the second water heater 1256 is connected to a first end of the twentieth electronic three-way valve 1262 via a pipeline, and a second end of the twentieth electronic three-way valve 1262 is connected to a connection between the eighteenth electronic three-way valve 1259 and the evaporator 1104 via a pipeline. The third intermediate pipe port of the pipeline between the second water heater 1256 and the battery cold plate is provided with a fifth intermediate pipe port, and the third end of the twentieth electronic three-way valve 1262 is connected to the fourth intermediate pipe port of the pipeline between the eighteenth electronic three-way valve 1259 and the ninth water pump 1261 through a pipeline; the third intermediate pipe port is also connected to the pipeline connected to the third end of the sixteenth electronic three-way valve 1253, and the third end of the seventeenth electronic three-way valve 1257 is connected to the pipeline between the eighteenth electronic three-way valve 1259 and the second intermediate pipe port through a pipeline; the pipeline between the second water heater 1256 and the battery cold plate is further provided with a sixth intermediate pipe port, and a pipeline is connected between the fifth intermediate pipe port and the sixth intermediate pipe port.

[0139] In this embodiment, to better meet the different temperature requirements of the battery and third air conditioner 1247 during battery heating and cooling operations, temperature regulation of different inlets is required. A relatively independent ninth water pump 1261 and twentieth electronic three-way valve 1262 are employed to achieve mixed temperature regulation of the water outlet from the third air conditioner 1247's heating and cooling core and the water inlet to the battery. The second water heater 1256 is positioned behind the battery cold plate, enabling self-supplied heating.

[0140] In order to better control the temperature, in some embodiments, the coolant circuit also includes: a thirteenth water temperature sensor 1263, a fourteenth water level sensor 1264 and a fifteenth water temperature sensor 1265; the fifteenth water temperature sensor 1265 is arranged on the pipeline between the third intermediate pipe outlet and the eighth water pump 1258, the thirteenth water temperature sensor 1263 is arranged on the pipeline between the ninth water pump 1261 and the second intermediate pipe outlet, and the fourteenth water level sensor 1264 is arranged on the pipeline between the evaporator 1104 and the nineteenth electronic three-way valve 1260.

[0141] Furthermore, in order to illustrate the processing of the thermal management system, as mentioned above, this embodiment also provides a control method.

[0142] In the thermal management system of the third embodiment, the specific control methods of the target water pump and the target electronic expansion valve in different modes are as follows:

[0143] In some embodiments, in response to a cooling mode start command, the thermal management system may control the compressor in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant, close the hot gas bypass valve, and open the electronic expansion valve. Furthermore, the thermal management system may control the seventh, eighth, and ninth water pumps in the coolant circuit to operate, the fourteenth electronic three-way valve to open its first and second ends, the fifteenth electronic three-way valve to open its first and second ends, the sixteenth electronic three-way valve to open its first and second ends, the seventeenth electronic three-way valve to close, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve to open its first, second, and third ends, the nineteenth electronic three-way valve to open its first and second ends, and the twentieth electronic three-way valve to open its first, second, and third ends.

[0144] For example, in the third air conditioning cooling mode and the battery motor cooling mode, as shown in Figure 15 , the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from compressor 1101 releases heat in water-cooled condenser 1102 and absorbs heat in battery 1248 cooling evaporator 1104 and third air conditioner 1247 cooling evaporator 1104, completing the refrigeration system thermodynamic cycle. At this time, hot gas bypass valve 1106 is closed, and electronic expansion valve 1103 operates in normal throttling mode, controlling the degree of subcooling at the outlet of water-cooled condenser 1102. Among them, the eighth water pump 1258 and the ninth water pump 1261 operate in series, allowing the coolant to release heat to the outside through the third low-temperature water tank radiator 1246; the eighth water pump 1258 draws the coolant cooled by the refrigerant from the evaporator 1104, and connects it with the third air-conditioning cold core 1268 in the third air-conditioning box 1247 through the nineteenth electronic three-way valve 1260, cooling the hot air in the third air-conditioning box 1247, and the cooled coolant is divided into two parts through the eighteenth electronic three-way valve 1259: one part returns to the confluence point in front of the evaporator 1104, and the other part flows to the inlet end of the battery 1248.

[0145] As shown in Figure 15, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor releases heat in the water-cooled condenser and absorbs heat in the battery cooling evaporator and the third air conditioner cooling evaporator, completing the refrigeration system's thermodynamic cycle. At this point, the hot gas bypass valve closes, and the electronic expansion valve operates in normal throttling mode, controlling the subcooling at the water-cooled condenser outlet.

[0146] The coolant is surrounded by three water pumps, which can operate independently or in series. The eighth and ninth water pumps operate in series, allowing the coolant to dissipate heat through the third low-temperature water tank radiator. The eighth water pump draws coolant from the evaporator, cooled by the refrigerant, and connects it to the cold core in the third air conditioning box through the 19th electronic three-way valve, cooling the hot air inside the third air conditioning box. The cooled coolant is then divided into two parts by the 18th electronic three-way valve: one part returns to the confluence point before the evaporator, and the other flows to the battery inlet. The flow ratio of the two parts of coolant exiting the 18th electronic three-way valve can be adjusted from 0% to 100%. If the flow rate is 0%, the coolant does not pass through the battery, and battery cooling is not required. If the flow rate reaches 100%, the battery cooling temperature is different from the temperature of the third air conditioning box.

[0147] In cooling mode, the eighth and ninth water pumps are connected in series in the coolant circuit on the water-cooled condenser side. After cooling the water-cooled condenser, the coolant temperature is reduced through heat exchange with the air in the third low-temperature water tank radiator. The cooled coolant is then fed into the third electric drive assembly for cooling before returning to the seventh water pump to complete the cycle. After cooling the refrigerant in the water-cooled condenser, the coolant passes through the fifteenth electronic three-way valve, splitting into two sub-paths. In most scenarios, port 3 of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve is in proportional regulation with a lower flow rate. The hot coolant flowing out of port 3 passes through the third air conditioner warmer circuit and returns to the inlet of the seventh water pump. In cooling mode, the hot water flowing out of port 3 dissipates heat in the warmer core with the passing air (the air flow through the warmer core is controlled by the damper inside the third air conditioner box). This serves two purposes: first, to achieve temperature zoning for the left and right driving modes of the third air conditioner; second, in spring and autumn, when the third air conditioner is operating at its minimum cooling capacity, the outlet air temperature is low, requiring mixing with the heat from the warmer core to achieve the optimal outlet temperature.

[0148] In the AC and battery cooling mode, because the required battery cooling temperature differs from the temperature of the third AC coolant, and the battery cooling requires temperature uniformity, this solution uses an independent ninth water pump through an electronic three-way valve for circulating cooling, achieving the required cooling capacity at high water flow rates. Even in conditions where battery cooling is not required but temperature uniformity is desired, simply closing port 3 of the eighteenth electronic three-way valve allows the battery water circuit to operate independently in a small circulation loop to achieve temperature uniformity.

[0149] By applying this embodiment, under high temperature environment conditions, the third air-conditioning cooling mode is used, and a single water tank radiator is adopted to achieve the cooling of the third air-conditioning water-cooled condenser and the electric drive system, thereby reducing the overall cost of the system at the same cooling power.

[0150] In addition to the requirements of the above-mentioned cooling mode, the present thermal management system can also meet the requirements of the heating mode. In some embodiments, the thermal management system responds to the start-up instruction of the heating mode, and when the ambient temperature is higher than a preset threshold, controls the compressor to discharge the refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve, and controls the seventh water pump, the eighth water pump and the ninth water pump to operate, the second water heater is not turned on, the fourteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the fifteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the sixteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the seventeenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve is closed, the nineteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, and the twentieth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end.

[0151] For example, if the ambient temperature is in a low temperature zone above -15°C, the operating mode shown in Figure 16 can be adopted to achieve air conditioning heating and battery heating functions through a refrigerant system including a compressor.

[0152] First, the coolant discharged from the seventh water pump passes through the water-cooled condenser, absorbing the refrigerant's heat and becoming hot coolant. It then flows through port 3 of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve (port 2 is currently closed) to heat the third air conditioner and the battery. The hot coolant, flowing out of port 3, first passes through the heater core to heat the third air conditioner in the cabin (if passenger heating is not required, the third air conditioner's temperature damper is closed, and the heater core does not heat the air). After passing through the sixteenth electronic three-way valve, it passes through the battery heating cold plate and finally returns to the seventh water pump's main branch, completing the cycle.

[0153] For example, in heating mode, as shown in Figure 16 , if the ambient temperature is above -15°C, the coolant discharged from the seventh water pump 1252 first passes through the water-cooled condenser 1102, where it absorbs heat from the refrigerant, becoming high-temperature coolant. The coolant then flows through port 3 of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve 1251 (port 2 is currently closed) to heat the third air conditioner 1247 and the battery 1248. The high-temperature coolant, flowing out of port 3, first passes through the third air conditioner heater core 1267 to heat the third air conditioner 1247 within the cabin (if heating is not required for the occupants, the temperature damper of the third air conditioner 1247 is closed, and the third air conditioner heater core 1267 does not heat the air). The coolant then passes through the sixteenth electronic three-way valve 1257, passes through the battery 1248, heats the cold plate, and finally returns to the main branch of the seventh water pump 1252, completing the entire cycle.

[0154] In some embodiments, after obtaining the vehicle's ambient temperature, if the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to a certain threshold, a hot gas bypass battery fast charging and heating mode may be activated. As an optional method, specifically, the thermal management system, in response to the activation instruction of the hot gas bypass battery fast charging and heating mode, controls the compressor to discharge refrigerant and simultaneously opens the hot gas bypass valve and electronic expansion valve in the refrigerant circuit when the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to the preset threshold; and controls the seventh water pump, the eighth water pump, and the ninth water pump to operate, the second water heater to start, the fourteenth electronic three-way valve to open the second and third ends, the fifteenth electronic three-way valve to open the first and third ends, the sixteenth electronic three-way valve to open the first and third ends, the seventeenth electronic three-way valve to open the first, second, and third ends, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve to close, the nineteenth electronic three-way valve to open the first and third ends, and the twentieth electronic three-way valve to open the first and third ends.

[0155] As another optional method, specifically, the thermal management system responds to the start instruction of the hot gas bypass battery fast charging and heating mode, and when the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to a preset threshold, controls the compressor to discharge the refrigerant, and simultaneously opens the hot gas bypass valve and the electronic expansion valve in the refrigerant circuit; and controls the seventh water pump, the eighth water pump and the ninth water pump to operate, the second water heater to start, the fourteenth electronic three-way valve to open the second end and the third end, the fifteenth electronic three-way valve to open the first end and the third end, the sixteenth electronic three-way valve to open the first end and the second end, the seventeenth electronic three-way valve to open the first end and the second end, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve to close, the nineteenth electronic three-way valve to open the first end and the third end, and the twentieth electronic three-way valve to open the first end and the second end.

[0156] For example, if the ambient temperature is -15°C or below, the coolant temperature after passing through the third low-temperature water tank radiator is even lower due to the low air temperature, making it difficult for the refrigerant to absorb heat in the evaporator (the main refrigerant density is very low at this time, unable to meet the needs of air conditioning heating and battery heating). In this case, the hot gas bypass valve and the electronic expansion valve can be opened simultaneously to achieve low-temperature heating function, overcoming the problem of the compressor not being able to start at low temperatures or the compressor power being limited. The mode shown in Figure 17 can also be operated.

[0157] The coolant is heated by the active heating of the third electric drive component or the waste heat of the third electric drive component. At this time, the fourteenth electronic three-way valve closes the third low-temperature water tank radiator branch, maintaining the coolant temperature of the entire evaporator side coolant circuit in a higher temperature range, ensuring that the evaporation pressure of the evaporator and the suction density of the compressor are in a suitable state to meet the heating needs of the third air conditioner and the occupants.

[0158] The biggest difference between the operating mode in this embodiment and the air conditioning heating mode is that the fourteenth electronic three-way valve allows ports 2 and 3 to be directly connected, thereby bypassing the third low-temperature water tank radiator (if it passes through the third low-temperature water tank radiator, heat will be lost to the air), and using the heat of the third electric drive component as a low-temperature heat source to achieve stable operation of the thermal management system.

[0159] When the battery temperature is low and fast charging is required, the second water heater can also be used as a heat source to directly heat the battery and the passenger compartment. At this time, the second water heater is mainly used to heat the battery circuit, and the exhaust bypass is mainly used to heat the warm air water circuit through the water-cooled condenser to heat the passenger compartment.

[0160] For extremely low-temperature heating, the mode shown in Figure 18 can also be operated. A second water heater is used as a heat source to provide heat to the evaporator. The refrigerant circuit absorbs heat through the evaporator and heats the warm air water circuit through the exhaust bypass water-cooled condenser to heat the passenger compartment. In this case, because the combined power of the second water heater and compressor is equivalent to that of the original single second water heater, the improved second water heater power is significantly reduced, thereby achieving cost reduction.

[0161] By placing the second water heater in the battery circuit, a self-production and self-sales mode can be achieved to reduce the power of the second water heater; at the same time, the exhaust bypass solution can further reduce the power of the second water heater and even eliminate it in some small cars, thereby further optimizing costs.

[0162] For example, in the hot gas bypass battery fast charging and heating mode, as shown in Figure 17, when the ambient temperature is -15°C or below, the hot gas bypass valve 1106 and the electronic expansion valve 1103 are opened simultaneously to realize the low-temperature heating function, overcoming the difficulty of the compressor 1101 being unable to start at low temperatures or the limited power of the compressor 1101. When the battery temperature is low and fast charging is required, the second water heater 1256 can also be used as a heat source to directly heat the battery and the passenger compartment. In this case, the second water heater is mainly used to heat the battery circuit, and the exhaust bypass is mainly used to heat the warm air water circuit through the water-cooled condenser 1102 to heat the passenger compartment.

[0163] For self-production and self-sale heating mode, as shown in Figure 18, at extremely low temperatures, a second water heater 1256 can be used as a heat source to provide heat to the evaporator 1104. The refrigerant circuit absorbs heat through the evaporator 1104, and heats the warm air water circuit through the water-cooled condenser 1102 to heat the passenger compartment. Because the WPTC+ compressor power can be reduced to the WPTC power alone, the power of the second water heater can be significantly reduced, achieving cost reduction.

[0164] In some embodiments, the thermal management system in this embodiment can also start the heating and dehumidification mode. The corresponding thermal management system can respond to the start instruction of the heating and dehumidification mode, control the compressor to discharge the refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve, and control the operation of the seventh water pump and the eighth water pump, the fourteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the fifteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the sixteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the seventeenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the nineteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end, the second end and the third end, and the twentieth electronic three-way valve is closed.

[0165] For example, the heating and dehumidification mode can be shown in Figure 19. The air in the third AC unit is first cooled and dehumidified by the cold core. The dehumidified air then passes through the warm core heat exchanger to heat it, achieving the heating and dehumidification function. This is particularly useful in high-humidity, low-temperature environments where the air contains a large amount of water vapor, which can easily cause the windshield to fog. In such cases, the air entering the third AC unit must be cooled and dehumidified before being heated by the warm core within the third AC unit to achieve the desired heating and dehumidification function in the passenger cabin.

[0166] The heating and dehumidification mode is similar to the air conditioning and battery heating modes, remaining a heating-mode circulation system. However, on the water side, the cold water flowing out of the 19th electronic three-way valve passes through two streams. One stream connects to the third air conditioning cold water core via port 2, cooling and dehumidifying the air inside the third air conditioning compartment. The other stream connects to the 14th electronic three-way valve via port 3. Based on actual energy needs, the flow rate of coolant is adjusted to bypass or enter the third low-temperature water tank radiator, thereby absorbing heat from the air through the low-temperature water tank to achieve heating. The two streams finally merge at the evaporator inlet and enter the evaporator, transferring heat to the refrigerant.

[0167] For example, if the ambient temperature is within the range of 0°C to 15°C, the circulation system remains in heating mode. On the water side, however, the cold water flowing out of the nineteenth electronic three-way valve 1260 passes through two streams. One stream connects to the cold water core of the third air conditioner 1247 through port 2, cooling and dehumidifying the air inside the third air conditioner 1247. The other stream connects to the fourteenth electronic three-way valve 1250 through port 3. The flow rate of the coolant is determined based on actual energy requirements, with the flow rate ratio of the coolant flowing into or bypassing the third low-temperature water tank radiator 1246. This allows the coolant to absorb heat from the air through the low-temperature water tank to achieve heating. Finally, the two streams merge at the inlet of the evaporator 1104 and enter the evaporator 1104, transferring heat to the refrigerant.

[0168] Compared to the current state of the art, the secondary circuit thermal management system structure proposed in this embodiment features a simple refrigerant circuit structure and eliminates the need for numerous refrigerant valves to meet the thermal management system's requirements for cooling or heating modes for the third air conditioner, battery, and third electric drive assembly. Furthermore, due to the simple refrigerant circuit structure and the presence of a liquid reservoir, the reservoir can be used to better store refrigerant, reducing refrigerant leakage and effectively saving refrigerant charge, thereby meeting the requirements for different refrigerant usage. Furthermore, the power of the second water heater can be reduced through a self-production and self-sales model. By employing a liquid reservoir solution in conjunction with a heat exchanger, the exhaust bypass achieves superheat control through the heat exchanger, ensuring that the compressor inlet is free of liquid. The liquid reservoir solution can also significantly reduce the refrigerant charge. System costs can also be further reduced. By employing an exhaust bypass solution in conjunction with the water-side circuit, the power of the second water heater can be reduced, and smaller vehicles can further eliminate the need for a second water heater.

[0169] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which may specifically include: a thermal management system as shown in Figures 1 to 19. The vehicle may specifically be a new energy vehicle or a traditional vehicle.

[0170] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the elements.

[0171] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A refrigerant circuit comprising: Compressor, water-cooled condenser, electronic expansion valve, evaporator; One end of the evaporator is connected to one end of the compressor, the other end of the compressor is connected to one end of the water-cooled condenser, the other end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the other end of the evaporator, and the electronic expansion valve is provided on the pipeline between the water-cooled condenser and the evaporator. The water-cooled condenser is used to heat the passenger compartment, and the evaporator is used to cool the passenger compartment.

2. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The refrigerant circuit also includes a gas-liquid separator; The first end of the evaporator is connected to the first end of the gas-liquid separator, the second end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the first end of the compressor, the second end of the compressor is connected to the first end of the water-cooled condenser, and the second end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the second end of the evaporator.

3. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The refrigerant circuit further includes: a hot gas bypass valve; The pipeline between the compressor and the water-cooled condenser is provided with a first intermediate pipe opening, the pipeline between the gas-liquid separator and the evaporator is provided with a second intermediate pipe opening, a bypass pipeline is connected between the first intermediate pipe opening and the second intermediate pipe opening, and the hot gas bypass valve is provided on the bypass pipeline.

4. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The refrigerant circuit further comprises: a liquid accumulator and a heat exchanger; The first end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the first end of the compressor, the second end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the first end of the liquid reservoir, the second end of the liquid reservoir is connected to the first end of the heat exchanger, the second end of the heat exchanger is connected to the first end of the evaporator, the electronic expansion valve is provided on the pipeline between the second end of the heat exchanger and the first end of the evaporator, the second end of the evaporator is connected to the third end of the heat exchanger, and the fourth end of the heat exchanger is connected to the second end of the compressor.

5. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 4, wherein: The refrigerant circuit further includes: a hot gas bypass valve; The pipeline between the compressor and the water-cooled condenser is provided with a first intermediate pipe opening, and the pipeline between the second end of the evaporator and the third end of the heat exchanger is provided with a second intermediate pipe opening. A bypass pipeline is connected between the first intermediate pipe opening and the second intermediate pipe opening, and the hot gas bypass valve is provided on the bypass pipeline. 6 . A thermal management system comprising the refrigerant circuit according to claim 2 , further comprising a coolant circuit, wherein the refrigerant circuit is coupled to the coolant circuit.

7. The thermal management system according to claim 6, wherein: The coolant circuit includes: a first low-temperature water tank radiator, a first electronic three-way valve, a second electronic three-way valve, a first water pump and a third electronic three-way valve; The first end of the first electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the first low-temperature water tank radiator, the second end of the first low-temperature water tank radiator is connected to the first end of the first electric drive component, the second end of the first electric drive component is connected to the first end of the third electronic three-way valve, the second end of the third electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the first water pump, the second end of the first water pump is connected to the third end of the water-cooled condenser, the fourth end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the first end of the second electronic three-way valve, the second end of the second electronic three-way valve is connected to the second end of the first electronic three-way valve, and the third end of the first electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the first low-temperature water tank radiator and the first electric drive component.

8. The thermal management system according to claim 7, wherein: The coolant circuit further includes: a first water heater and a fourth electronic three-way valve; The third end of the second electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the first water heater, the second end of the first water heater is connected to the first end of the first air-conditioning warm core of the first air conditioner, the second end of the first air-conditioning warm core is connected to the first end of the fourth electronic three-way valve, and the second end of the fourth electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the third electronic three-way valve and the first water pump.

9. The thermal management system according to claim 8, wherein: The coolant circuit further includes: a second water pump, a fifth electronic three-way valve, and a sixth electronic three-way valve; The first end of the second water pump is connected to the third end of the evaporator, the second end of the second water pump is connected to the first end of the sixth electronic three-way valve, the second end of the sixth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the first air-conditioning cold core of the first air-conditioning, the second end of the first air-conditioning cold core is connected to the first end of the fifth electronic three-way valve, the second end of the fifth electronic three-way valve is connected to the fourth end of the evaporator, and the third end of the sixth electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the first electronic three-way valve and the second electronic three-way valve.

10. The thermal management system according to claim 9, wherein: The coolant circuit further includes: a third water pump and a seventh electronic three-way valve; A first end of the third water pump is connected to a third end of the fifth electronic three-way valve, a second end of the third water pump is connected to a first end of a battery cold plate of a first battery, a second end of the battery cold plate is connected to a first end of the seventh electronic three-way valve, a second end of the seventh electronic three-way valve is connected to a third intermediate pipe port of the pipeline between the fifth electronic three-way valve and the evaporator, and a third end of the seventh electronic three-way valve is connected to a fourth intermediate pipe port of the pipeline between the fifth electronic three-way valve and the third water pump; The third intermediate pipe opening is further connected to a pipeline connected to the third end of the third electronic three-way valve, and the third end of the fourth electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the fifth electronic three-way valve and the fourth intermediate pipe opening; The pipeline between the seventh electronic three-way valve and the battery cold plate is further provided with a fifth intermediate pipe opening, the pipeline between the third electronic three-way valve and the first water pump is further provided with a sixth intermediate pipe opening, and a pipeline is connected between the fifth intermediate pipe opening and the sixth intermediate pipe opening.

11. The thermal management system according to claim 6, wherein: The coolant circuit includes: a second low-temperature water tank radiator, an eighth electronic three-way valve, a ninth electronic three-way valve, a fourth water pump, a fifth water pump and a tenth electronic three-way valve; The first end of the eighth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the second low-temperature water tank radiator, the second end of the second low-temperature water tank radiator is connected to the first end of the fifth water pump, the second end of the fifth water pump is connected to the first end of the second electric drive component, the second end of the second electric drive component is connected to the first end of the tenth electronic three-way valve, the second end of the tenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the fourth water pump, the second end of the fourth water pump is connected to the third end of the water-cooled condenser, the fourth end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the first end of the ninth electronic three-way valve, the second end of the ninth electronic three-way valve is connected to the second end of the eighth electronic three-way valve, and the third end of the eighth electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the second low-temperature water tank radiator and the fifth water pump.

12. The thermal management system according to claim 11, wherein: The coolant circuit further includes: an eleventh electronic three-way valve; The third end of the ninth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the second air-conditioning heater core of the second air-conditioning, the second end of the second air-conditioning heater core is connected to the first end of the eleventh electronic three-way valve, and the second end of the eleventh electronic three-way valve is connected to the seventh middle pipe opening of the pipeline between the tenth electronic three-way valve and the fourth water pump.

13. The thermal management system according to claim 12, wherein: The coolant circuit further comprises: a twelfth electronic three-way valve, a sixth water pump and an electronic four-way valve; A first end of the twelfth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the sixth water pump, a second end of the sixth water pump is connected to the first end of the electronic four-way valve, a second end of the twelfth electronic three-way valve is connected to the third end of the evaporator, a third end of the twelfth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the battery cold plate of the second battery, a second end of the battery cold plate is connected to the second end of the electronic four-way valve, a third end of the electronic four-way valve is connected to the first end of the second air-conditioning cold core of the second air-conditioning unit, a second end of the second air-conditioning cold core is connected to the fourth end of the electronic four-way valve, and a third end of the eleventh electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the electronic four-way valve and the battery cold plate.

14. The thermal management system according to claim 13, wherein: The coolant circuit further includes: a thirteenth electronic three-way valve and a one-way valve; A first end of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the fourth end of the evaporator, a second end of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the one-way valve, a second end of the one-way valve is connected to the first end of the battery cold plate, and a third end of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the eighth electronic three-way valve and the ninth electronic three-way valve; The third end of the tenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the eighth middle pipe port of the pipeline between the thirteenth electronic three-way valve and the one-way valve, and the eighth middle pipe port is also connected to the pipeline connected to the third end of the electronic four-way valve; A ninth intermediate pipe opening is provided between the seventh intermediate pipe opening and the tenth electronic three-way valve, a tenth intermediate pipe opening is provided in the pipeline between the battery cold plate and the one-way valve, and a pipeline is connected between the ninth intermediate pipe opening and the tenth intermediate pipe opening.

15. A thermal management system comprising the refrigerant circuit according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a cooling liquid circuit, wherein the refrigerant circuit is coupled to the cooling liquid circuit.

16. The thermal management system according to claim 15, wherein: The coolant circuit includes: a third low-temperature water tank radiator, a fourteenth electronic three-way valve, a fifteenth electronic three-way valve, a seventh water pump and a sixteenth electronic three-way valve; The first end of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the third low-temperature water tank radiator, the second end of the third low-temperature water tank radiator is connected to the first end of the third electric drive assembly, the second end of the third electric drive assembly is connected to the first end of the sixteenth electronic three-way valve, the second end of the sixteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the seventh water pump, the second end of the seventh water pump is connected to the third end of the water-cooled condenser, the fourth end of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the first end of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve, the second end of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the second end of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve, and the third end of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the third low-temperature water tank radiator and the third electric drive assembly.

17. The thermal management system according to claim 16, wherein: The coolant circuit further includes: a seventeenth electronic three-way valve; The third end of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the third air-conditioning heater core of the third air-conditioning, the second end of the third air-conditioning heater core is connected to the first end of the seventeenth electronic three-way valve, and the second end of the seventeenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the seventh water pump and the sixteenth electronic three-way valve.

18. The thermal management system according to claim 17, wherein: The coolant circuit further includes: an eighth water pump, an eighteenth electronic three-way valve, and a nineteenth electronic three-way valve; The first end of the eighth water pump is connected to the third end of the evaporator, the fourth end of the evaporator is connected to the first end of the nineteenth electronic three-way valve, the second end of the nineteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the first end of the third air-conditioning cold core of the third air-conditioner, the second end of the third air-conditioning cold core is connected to the first end of the eighteenth electronic three-way valve, the second end of the eighteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the second end of the eighth water pump, and the third end of the nineteenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the fourteenth electronic three-way valve and the fifteenth electronic three-way valve.

19. The thermal management system according to claim 18, wherein: The coolant circuit further includes: a second water heater, a ninth water pump, and a twentieth electronic three-way valve; A first end of the ninth water pump is connected to the third end of the eighteenth electronic three-way valve, a second end of the ninth water pump is connected to the first end of the battery cold plate of the battery, a second end of the battery cold plate is connected to the first end of the second water heater, a second end of the second water heater is connected to the first end of the twentieth electronic three-way valve, a second end of the twentieth electronic three-way valve is connected to the third middle pipe port of the pipeline between the eighteenth electronic three-way valve and the evaporator, and a third end of the twentieth electronic three-way valve is connected to the fourth middle pipe port of the pipeline between the eighteenth electronic three-way valve and the ninth water pump; The third middle pipe port is further connected to a pipeline connected to the third end of the sixteenth electronic three-way valve, and the third end of the seventeenth electronic three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the eighteenth electronic three-way valve and the second middle pipe port; The pipeline between the second water heater and the battery cold plate is further provided with a fifth intermediate pipe opening, the pipeline between the sixteenth electronic three-way valve and the seventh water pump is further provided with a sixth intermediate pipe opening, and a pipeline is connected between the fifth intermediate pipe opening and the sixth intermediate pipe opening.

20. A control method for a thermal management system, applied to the thermal management system according to any one of claims 10, 14, and 19, the method comprising: In response to a control instruction of the thermal management system, the compressor in the refrigerant circuit is controlled to discharge refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve; Control the target water pump in the coolant circuit to operate, and open the target electronic expansion valve in the coolant circuit, wherein, The target water pump includes one or more of the first water pump, the second water pump, and the third water pump, or the target water pump includes one or more of the fourth water pump, the fifth water pump, and the sixth water pump, or the target water pump includes one or more of the seventh water pump, the eighth water pump, and the ninth water pump, The target electronic expansion valve includes one or more of the first electronic three-way valve, the second electronic three-way valve, the third electronic three-way valve, the fourth electronic three-way valve, the fifth electronic three-way valve, the sixth electronic three-way valve, and the seventh electronic three-way valve, or the target electronic expansion valve includes one or more of the eighth electronic three-way valve, the ninth electronic three-way valve, the tenth electronic three-way valve, the eleventh electronic three-way valve, the twelfth electronic three-way valve, and the thirteenth electronic three-way valve, or the target electronic expansion valve includes one or more of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve, the fifteenth electronic three-way valve, the sixteenth electronic three-way valve, the seventeenth electronic three-way valve, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve, the nineteenth electronic three-way valve, and the twentieth electronic three-way valve.

21. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 20, wherein: The method of controlling the compressor in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve in response to a control instruction of the thermal management system includes: In response to a start instruction of the cooling mode, controlling the compressor in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant and close the hot gas bypass valve, and opening the electronic expansion valve; The controlling the target water pump in the coolant circuit to operate and opening the target electronic expansion valve in the coolant circuit includes: Control the operation of the first water pump, the second water pump, and the third water pump in the coolant circuit, open the first end and the second end of the first electronic three-way valve, open the first end, the second end, and the third end of the second electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the third electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the fourth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the fifth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the sixth electronic three-way valve, and open the first end, the second end, and the third end of the seventh electronic three-way valve; or, Control the operation of the fourth water pump, the fifth water pump, and the sixth water pump in the coolant circuit, open the first end and the second end of the eighth electronic three-way valve, open the first end, the second end, and the third end of the ninth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the tenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the eleventh electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the twelfth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve, and open the first end, the second end, and the fourth end of the electronic four-way valve; or, Control the operation of the seventh water pump, the eighth water pump and the ninth water pump in the coolant circuit, open the first end and the second end of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the sixteenth electronic three-way valve, close the seventeenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end, the second end and the third end of the eighteenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the nineteenth electronic three-way valve, and open the first end, the second end and the third end of the twentieth electronic three-way valve.

22. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 20, wherein: The method of controlling the compressor in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve in response to a control instruction of the thermal management system includes: In response to a start instruction of the heating mode, controlling the compressor in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant and close the hot gas bypass valve, and opening the electronic expansion valve; The controlling the target water pump in the coolant circuit to operate and opening the target electronic expansion valve in the coolant circuit includes: When the ambient temperature is higher than a preset threshold, the first water pump, the second water pump, and the third water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the first electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the second electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the third electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the fourth electronic three-way valve opens the first end, the second end, and the third end, the fifth electronic three-way valve is closed, the sixth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, and the seventh electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end; or, When the ambient temperature is higher than a preset threshold, the fourth water pump, the fifth water pump and the sixth water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the first end and the second end of the eighth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the third end of the ninth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the third end of the tenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the eleventh electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the twelfth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the electronic four-way valve are opened; or When the ambient temperature is higher than a preset threshold, the seventh water pump, the eighth water pump and the ninth water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the second water heater is not turned on, the fourteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the fifteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the sixteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the seventeenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve is closed, the nineteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, and the twentieth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end.

23. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 20, wherein: The method of controlling the compressor in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve in response to a control instruction of the thermal management system includes: In response to a start instruction of the motor blocking heat dissipation and hot gas bypass mode, the compressor in the refrigerant circuit is controlled to discharge refrigerant, and the hot gas bypass valve and the electronic expansion valve in the refrigerant circuit are opened simultaneously; The controlling the target water pump in the coolant circuit to operate and opening the target electronic expansion valve in the coolant circuit includes: When the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to a preset threshold, the first water pump, the second water pump, and the third water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the second end and the third end of the first electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the third end of the second electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the third end of the third electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end, and the third end of the fourth electronic three-way valve are opened, the fifth electronic three-way valve is closed, the first end and the third end of the sixth electronic three-way valve are opened, and the first end and the third end of the seventh electronic three-way valve are opened; or, When the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to a preset threshold, the fourth water pump, the fifth water pump and the sixth water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the eighth electronic three-way valve opens the second end and the third end, the ninth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the tenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the eleventh electronic three-way valve opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the twelfth electronic three-way valve opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the thirteenth electronic three-way valve opens the first end, the second end and the third end, and the electronic four-way valve opens the first end, the second end, the third end and the fourth end.

24. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 20, wherein: The method of controlling the compressor in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve in response to a control instruction of the thermal management system includes: In response to a start instruction of the hot gas bypass battery fast charging and heating mode, controlling the compressor in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant, and simultaneously opening the hot gas bypass valve and the electronic expansion valve in the refrigerant circuit; The controlling the target water pump in the coolant circuit to operate and opening the target electronic expansion valve in the coolant circuit includes: When the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to a preset threshold, the seventh water pump, the eighth water pump, and the ninth water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the second water heater is turned on, the second end and the third end of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the third end of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the third end of the sixteenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end, and the third end of the seventeenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve is closed, the first end and the third end of the nineteenth electronic three-way valve are opened, and the first end and the third end of the twentieth electronic three-way valve are opened; or, When the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to a preset threshold, the seventh water pump, the eighth water pump and the ninth water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the second water heater is turned on, the second end and the third end of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the third end of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the second end of the sixteenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the second end of the seventeenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the eighteenth electronic three-way valve is closed, the nineteenth electronic three-way valve is opened, the first end and the third end, and the twentieth electronic three-way valve is opened.

25. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 20, wherein: The method of controlling the compressor in the refrigerant circuit to discharge refrigerant and open the electronic expansion valve in response to a control instruction of the thermal management system includes: In response to a start instruction of the heating and dehumidification mode, the compressor in the refrigerant circuit is controlled to discharge refrigerant and close the hot gas bypass valve, and the electronic expansion valve is opened; The controlling the target water pump in the coolant circuit to operate and opening the target electronic expansion valve in the coolant circuit includes: When the ambient temperature is within the first temperature range, the first water pump and the second water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the first electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the second electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the third electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the third end, the fourth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the fifth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the sixth electronic three-way valve opens the first end, the second end and the third end, and the seventh electronic three-way valve is closed; or, When the ambient temperature is within the second temperature range, the first water pump and the second water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the first electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the second electronic three-way valve opens the first end, the second end and the third end, the third electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the fourth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the fifth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, the sixth electronic three-way valve opens the first end and the second end, and the seventh electronic three-way valve is closed; or, When the ambient temperature is within the first temperature range, the fourth water pump and the fifth water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the first end and the second end of the eighth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the third end of the ninth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the third end of the tenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the eleventh electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the twelfth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the electronic four-way valve are opened; or, When the ambient temperature is within the second temperature range, the fourth water pump and the fifth water pump in the coolant circuit are controlled to operate, the first end and the second end of the eighth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the ninth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end and the second end of the tenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the eleventh electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the twelfth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the thirteenth electronic three-way valve are opened, the first end, the second end and the third end of the electronic four-way valve are opened; or Control the operation of the seventh water pump and the eighth water pump in the coolant circuit, open the first end and the second end of the fourteenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the third end of the fifteenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the third end of the sixteenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the third end of the seventeenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the eighteenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end and the second end of the nineteenth electronic three-way valve, open the first end, the second end and the third end, and close the twentieth electronic three-way valve.

26. A vehicle comprising: A thermal management system as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 19.

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