Electronic device

Abstract

The present application provides an electronic device. A radiator is arranged on a first side of a frame, and the radiator comprises a first ground end, a feed point and a first free end which are arranged in sequence; a signal source is electrically connected to the feed point, and the signal source is used for providing an excitation signal in a satellite communication frequency band; a resonant structure is arranged on at least one of a top side, the first side and a second side, and the resonant structure comprises a second ground end and a second free end; the direction from the first ground end to the first free end is the same as or does not intersect with the direction from the second ground end to the second free end; the signal source is used for exciting the radiator to form a first resonant mode that supports a first frequency band, and exciting a reference ground plane to form a ground plane current; the resonant structure forms a second resonant mode that supports a second frequency band, at least under the excitation of the ground plane current; and a central frequency point of the first frequency band is greater than or equal to that of the second frequency band, thereby realizing good satellite communication.

Description

electronic devices

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on February 21, 2024, with application number 202410196603.7 and application name “Electronic Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] When designing antennas on electronic devices to realize satellite communication (Tiantong satellite communication, Beidou satellite communication, etc.) functions, how to achieve good satellite communication of electronic equipment becomes a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides an electronic device for achieving good satellite communication.

[0005] An electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

[0006] A reference floor comprises a first floor edge, a second floor edge, a third floor edge and a fourth floor edge connected in sequence;

[0007] a frame, connected to a circumference of the reference floor, the frame comprising a top edge, a first side edge, a bottom edge, and a second side edge, the top edge being opposite to and spaced from the first floor edge, the first side edge being opposite to and spaced from the second floor edge, the second side edge being opposite to and spaced from the third floor edge, and the bottom edge being opposite to and spaced from the fourth floor edge;

[0008] An antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising:

[0009] a radiator, the radiator being disposed on the first side, the radiator comprising a first grounding end, a feeding point, and a first free end arranged in sequence, the first grounding end being electrically connected to the reference ground, and a direction pointing from the first grounding end to the first free end being the same as or not intersecting with a direction pointing from the second grounding end to the second free end;

[0010] a signal source, the signal source being electrically connected to the feed point and configured to provide an excitation signal in a satellite communication frequency band; and

[0011] at least one resonant structure, the resonant structure being disposed on at least one of the side where the top edge is located, the side where the first side edge is located, and the side where the second side edge is located, the resonant structure comprising a second ground end and a second free end, the second ground end being electrically connected to the reference ground;

[0012] The signal source is used to excite the radiator to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band, and to excite the reference floor to form a floor current. The resonant structure forms a second resonant mode supporting a second frequency band at least under the excitation of the floor current, and the center frequency of the first frequency band is greater than or equal to the center frequency of the second frequency band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments.

[0014] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG2 is a partially exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG3 is a partial schematic diagram of the back cover side of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG4 is a partial schematic diagram of a first antenna assembly and a reference floor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG6 is a partial schematic diagram of a second antenna assembly and a reference floor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly including a tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit and a tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG10 is a total field pattern of a radiator in an antenna group without a resonant structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG11 is a 2D directional diagram of a radiator in an antenna group without a resonant structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG12 is a left-handed circularly polarized pattern of a radiator in an antenna group without a resonant structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] 13 is a total field pattern diagram in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are both disposed on the first side and the second free end of the first resonant structure and the first free end of the radiator are both facing the top side, provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG14 is another total field pattern provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are both disposed on the first side, and the second free end of the first resonant structure and the first free end of the radiator are both facing the top side;

[0028] FIG15 is a left-handed circularly polarized pattern in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are both arranged at the first side and the second free end of the first resonant structure and the first free end of the radiator are both facing the top side, provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG16 is a 2D directional diagram of left-hand circular polarization in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are both arranged at the first side and the second free end of the first resonant structure and the first free end of the radiator are both facing the top side, provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG17 is a total field pattern provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are both disposed on the first side and the second free end of the first resonant structure and the first free end of the radiator are both facing the bottom side;

[0031] FIG18 is a 2D directional diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are both disposed on the first side and the second free end of the first resonant structure and the first free end of the radiator are both facing the bottom side;

[0032] FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of a first resonant structure and a radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are arranged on the same side of the rotor;

[0033] FIG20 is a total field radiation diagram of an antenna group without a resonant structure in a foldable device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG21 is a first total field radiation pattern of the foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are located on the same side of the rotor;

[0035] FIG22 is a second total field radiation pattern of the foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are located on the same side of the rotor;

[0036] FIG23 is a third total field radiation pattern of an antenna group without a resonant structure in a foldable device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG24 is a left-handed circularly polarized radiation pattern of an antenna group without a resonant structure in a foldable device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG25 is a second total field radiation pattern of the foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are located on the same side of the rotor;

[0039] FIG26 is a left-handed circularly polarized field radiation pattern in a foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are located on the same side of the rotor;

[0040] FIG27 is a total field radiation pattern of an antenna group without a resonant structure in a foldable device provided in an embodiment of the present application close to the head;

[0041] FIG28 is a total field radiation diagram of a foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application in which the first resonant structure and the radiator are located on the same side of the rotor;

[0042] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a resonant structure is provided on the top side according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG30 is a total field pattern of a second resonant structure and a radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG31 is a left-hand circularly polarized 3D pattern of a second resonant structure and a radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG32 is a left-hand circularly polarized 2D pattern of a second resonant structure and a radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG33 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a radiator and a reference floor in an antenna group without a resonant structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG34 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a second resonant structure, a radiator, and a reference floor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG35 is a diagram showing the upper hemisphere radiation ratio of an antenna group without a resonant structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG36 is a diagram showing the upper hemisphere radiation ratio of an antenna group in which the second resonant structure on the top side and the radiator form an antenna pair according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG37 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna group provided in an embodiment of the present application including a first resonant structure and a second resonant structure;

[0051] FIG38 is a total field pattern of the first resonant structure, the second resonant structure, and the radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG39 is a left-hand circularly polarized 3D pattern of the first resonant structure, the second resonant structure, and the radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG40 is a left-hand circularly polarized 2D pattern of the first resonant structure, the second resonant structure, and the radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG41 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the first resonant structure, the second resonant structure, the radiator, and the reference floor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG42 is a diagram showing the upper hemisphere radiation ratio of an antenna group formed by an antenna cluster including a first resonant structure, a second resonant structure, and a radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG43 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a resonant structure is provided on the second side according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG44 is a schematic diagram of a structure provided by an embodiment of the present application showing that the direction in which the second ground end of the third resonance device points to the second free end is the same as the direction in which the first ground end A1 of the radiator points to the first free end;

[0058] FIG45 is a partial schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in a foldable device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG46 is a total field pattern of the foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure, the second resonant structure, and the radiator are arranged on the same side;

[0060] FIG47 is a left-hand circularly polarized 3D pattern in which the first resonant structure, the second resonant structure, and the radiator are arranged on the same side of the foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG48 is a left-hand circularly polarized 2D pattern in which the first resonant structure, the second resonant structure, and the radiator are arranged on the same side of the foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG49 is a schematic diagram of current distribution in a foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure, the second resonant structure, and the radiator are arranged on the same side of the rotor;

[0063] FIG50 is a diagram showing the upper hemisphere radiation ratio of a foldable device provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure, the second resonant structure, and the radiator are arranged on the same side;

[0064] FIG51 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application provided on a foldable device;

[0065] FIG52 is a schematic structural diagram of a second first resonant structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG53 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application further including a second signal source and a first switch unit;

[0067] FIG54 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application further including a third signal source and a second switch unit;

[0068] FIG55 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application further including a fourth signal source and a third switch unit;

[0069] Figure 56 is a structural schematic diagram of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, which also includes a fifth signal source and a fourth switch unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The technical solution of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in this application are only some embodiments, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0071] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it necessarily refer to mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiments to other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0072] The terms "first," "second," and so on, in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a component or device comprising one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but may optionally include one or more parts that are not listed but are inherent to the illustrated product, or one or more parts that should be present based on the described functionality.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, computer, wearable device, drone, robot, digital camera, and other devices with communication functions. This embodiment of the present application uses a mobile phone as an example, and other electronic devices can refer to this embodiment.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a partially exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100. The working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is described below using the electronic device 1000 as a mobile phone as an example. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a middle frame 300, and a back cover 400, which are arranged in sequence along the thickness direction. The middle frame 300 includes a middle plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the side of the middle plate 310. The frame 320 can be a conductive frame. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not have a middle plate 310. The display screen 200, the middle plate 310, and the back cover 400 are stacked in sequence, and a storage space is formed between the display screen 200 and the middle plate 310, and between the middle plate 310 and the back cover 400 to accommodate components such as a motherboard, a camera module, a receiver module, a battery, and various sensors. One side of the frame 320 is connected to the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame 320 is connected to the edge of the back cover 400, thereby forming a complete external structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame 320 and the middle plate 310 are integrally formed. The frame 320 and the back cover 400 can also be separate structures. The above describes the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 using a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of the present application is not limited to the above working environment.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 3, which shows a back view of the electronic device 1000. The frame 320 includes a top edge 321 and a bottom edge 323 that are arranged opposite to each other, as well as a first side edge 322 and a second side edge 324 connected to the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 323. The top edge 321 is the side away from the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode, and the bottom edge 323 is the side facing the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The first side edge 322 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The second side edge 324 is the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. Of course, the first side edge 322 can also be the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The second side edge 324 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode.

[0076] Optionally, referring to FIG3 , the electronic device 1000 further includes a reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 is disposed within the frame 320. The reference floor 500 is roughly rectangular in shape. Because components are set up in the mobile phone as needed or other structures are avoided, various slots, holes, etc. are opened on the reference ground edge of the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 includes but is not limited to the metal alloy portion of the middle plate 310 and the reference ground metal portion of the circuit board (including the main board 600 and the sub-board). Roughly speaking, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 can be equivalent to a roughly rectangular shape, so it is called the reference floor 500. Among them, the reference floor 500 does not indicate that the reference ground is in the shape of a plate and is a rectangular plate.

[0077] Referring to Figure 3 , reference floor panel 500 includes a first floor panel edge 511, a second floor panel edge 512, a third floor panel edge 513, and a fourth floor panel edge 514, which are sequentially connected. First floor panel edge 511 is spaced apart from and opposite to top panel edge 321. Second floor panel edge 512 is spaced apart from and opposite to first side panel edge 322. Third floor panel edge 513 is spaced apart from and opposite to bottom panel edge 323. Fourth floor panel edge 514 is spaced apart from and opposite to second side panel edge 324.

[0078] Optionally, the length of the first floor edge 511 is approximately equal to or the same as the length of the third floor edge 513. The length of the second floor edge 512 is approximately equal to or the same as the length of the fourth floor edge 514. The first floor edge 511 and the third floor edge 513 are the short sides of the reference floor 500. The second floor edge 512 and the fourth floor edge 514 are the long sides of the reference floor 500.

[0079] The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0080] 3 and 4 , the antenna assembly 100 includes a radiator 10 , a first signal source 20 and at least one resonant structure 30 .

[0081] The present application does not impose any specific restrictions on the material of the radiator 10. Optionally, the material of the radiator 10 is a conductive material, including but not limited to metals, alloys and other conductive materials. The present application does not impose any specific restrictions on the shape of the radiator 10. For example, the shape of the radiator 10 includes but is not limited to strips, sheets, rods, coatings, films, etc. The radiator 10 shown in Figure 3 is merely an example and does not limit the shape of the radiator 10 provided in the present application. In this embodiment, the radiators 10 are all in the shape of strips. The present application does not impose any restrictions on the extension trajectory of the radiator 10. Optionally, the radiator 10 can extend along a straight line, or along a curve, or along a bending line. The above-mentioned radiator 10 can be a line with uniform width on the extension trajectory, or it can be a strip with varying widths such as a gradient width or a widened area.

[0082] This application does not specifically limit the form of the radiator 10. Optionally, the radiator 10 may include, but is not limited to, a metal frame 320, a metal frame embedded in a plastic frame 320, a metal radiator 10 located within or on the frame 320, a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) antenna formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a laser direct structured antenna formed by laser direct structure (LDS), a printed direct structured antenna formed by print direct structure (PDS), a conductive sheet antenna (e.g., a metal bracket antenna), etc. In this embodiment, the radiator 10 is taken as part of the metal frame 320 of the electronic device 1000. This application is not limited to the specific location of the radiator 10 on the frame 320.

[0083] 3 and 4 , the radiators 10 are disposed on the first side 322 . The radiators 10 are spaced apart along the second floor edge 512 .

[0084] The head-hand satellite communication mode is a communication mode in which the operator holds the handheld electronic device 1000 near the head. In this mode, since the antenna on the top edge 321 is located close to the head, it is easily affected by the head dielectric loading, resulting in detuning (frequency deviation), severe efficiency reduction, or even failure to transmit and receive satellite signals. The radiator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is located on the first side edge 322, is relatively far away from the head, for example, the distance from the center of the head is greater than 5 cm. The head dielectric loading has little or no effect on the radiator 10 on the first side edge 322, so that the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can also operate normally in the head-hand satellite communication mode.

[0085] In addition, the antenna at top edge 321 is close to the human head in head-to-hand satellite communication mode, which poses a risk of exceeding the SAR (human specific absorption rate). However, the radiator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is located relatively far away from the human head, reducing the risk of exceeding the SAR.

[0086] 3 and 4 , the radiator 10 includes a first ground terminal A1 , a feeding point B, and a first free end D1 , which are sequentially arranged. The first ground terminal A1 is electrically connected to the reference ground 500 .

[0087] The free end in this application refers to an end that is disconnected from other conductive parts on the frame 320 by an insulating gap and is not electrically connected to the reference ground 500. In order to ensure the structural strength of the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000, the above-mentioned insulating gap is filled with an insulating material.

[0088] The first ground terminal A1 is electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. In this application, the first ground terminal A1 is the location electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. Electrical connection methods include, but are not limited to, direct or indirect electrical connection. For example, the first ground terminal A1 is grounded via a grounding spring. For another example, the first ground terminal A1 of the radiator 10 is integrally connected to a portion of the reference ground plane 500, i.e., physically grounded.

[0089] The direction from the first ground end A1 to the first free end D1 is the same as or does not intersect with the direction from the second ground end A2 to the second free end D2 .

[0090] For example, when the resonant structure 30 is disposed on the side where the first side 322 is located or the side where the second side 324 is located, the direction in which the first ground end A1 points to the first free end D1 is the same as the direction in which the second ground end A2 points to the second free end D2. For example, the direction in which the first ground end A1 points to the first free end D1 and the direction in which the second ground end A2 points to the second free end D2 are both toward the top edge 321; alternatively, the direction in which the first ground end A1 points to the first free end D1 and the direction in which the second ground end A2 points to the second free end D2 are both toward the bottom edge 323.

[0091] For another example, when the resonant structure 30 is located on the side where the top edge 321 is located, the direction in which the first ground end A1 points to the first free end D1 does not intersect with the direction in which the second ground end A2 points to the second free end D2. Furthermore, the first side edge 322 is the right side of the back view of the frame 320. In this case, the direction in which the first ground end A1 points to the first free end D1 is the upward direction along the first side edge 322. The direction in which the second ground end A2 points to the second free end D2 is the left direction along the top edge 321. The resonant structure 30 is located to the left of the straight line where the radiator 10 is located, and the free end of the resonant structure 30 faces to the left. In this case, the direction in which the first ground end A1 points to the first free end D1 does not intersect with the direction in which the second ground end A2 points to the second free end D2. In this embodiment, the second ground end A2 is located on the side close to the first side edge 322 to enhance the coupling effect between the radiator 10 and the resonant structure 30.

[0092] It should be noted that the radiator 10 and the resonant structure 30 are both disposed on the first side 322, and the direction of the first ground end A1 pointing to the first free end D1 is upward, and the direction of the second ground end A2 pointing to the second free end D2 is downward. This means that the direction of the first ground end A1 pointing to the first free end D1 and the direction of the second ground end A2 pointing to the second free end D2 are opposite and overlap. This does not mean that the direction of the first ground end A1 pointing to the first free end D1 and the direction of the second ground end A2 pointing to the second free end D2 do not intersect.

[0093] The first signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point B. The first signal source 20 is used to provide an excitation signal in a satellite communication frequency band.

[0094] Referring to Figures 3 and 4 , the first signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feed point B. The first signal source 20 includes, but is not limited to, a radio frequency transceiver chip, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the first signal source 20 is disposed on the mainboard 600. The electrical connection between the first signal source 20 and the feed point B includes, but is not limited to, indirect connection via a coaxial cable, a conductive spring, or the like. Specifically, the first signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feed point B via a feed spring (conductive spring) disposed on the mainboard 600.

[0095] Referring to Figures 3 and 4 , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a matching circuit M1. The matching circuit M1 is electrically connected between the first signal source 20 and the feed point B. The matching circuit M1 and the first signal source 20 can be connected via a coaxial cable, and the matching circuit M1 and the feed point B are electrically connected via a feed spring (conductive spring). The matching circuit M1 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. The matching circuit M1 facilitates the excitation of a resonant mode on the radiator 10 by adjusting the impedance matching between the first signal source 20 and the radiator 10.

[0096] Further, referring to Figure 5, the matching circuit M1 can also include a matching switch M11 and multiple matching branches M12 electrically connected to the matching switch. The matching switch M11 switches different matching branches M12 to achieve the size switching of the frequency band (first frequency band) supported by the radiator 10 or to achieve impedance matching when switching different signals supported by the radiator 10 (Tiantong satellite band or mobile communication band).

[0097] The resonant structure 30 is disposed on at least one of the side where the top edge 321 is located, the side where the first side edge 322 is located, and the side where the second side edge 324 is located.

[0098] For example, when there is one resonant structure 30 , the resonant structure 30 may be disposed on the side where the top edge 321 is located, or on the side where the first side edge 322 is located, or on the side where the second side edge 324 is located.

[0099] For example, when there are two resonant structures 30 , the resonant structures 30 may be disposed on any two sides of the side where the top edge 321 is located, the side where the first side edge 322 is located, and the side where the second side edge 324 is located.

[0100] For example, when there are three resonant structures 30 , the resonant structures 30 may be disposed on three of the sides: the side where the top edge 321 is located, the side where the first side edge 322 is located, and the side where the second side edge 324 is located.

[0101] Optionally, the resonant structure 30 may be a part of the frame or a part of the reference floor 500 .

[0102] 3 and 4 , the resonant structure 30 includes a second ground terminal A2 and a second free terminal D2 . The second ground terminal A2 is electrically connected to the reference ground 500 .

[0103] First signal source 20 is used to excite radiator 10 to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band, and to excite reference floor 500 to form a floor current. Resonant structure 30, at least under the excitation of the floor current, forms a second resonant mode supporting a second frequency band. The center frequency of the first frequency band is greater than or equal to the center frequency of the second frequency band.

[0104] The first signal source 20 is used to excite the radiator 10 to form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band, and to excite the reference floor 500 to form a floor current.

[0105] The resonant structure 30 forms a second resonant mode supporting a second frequency band at least under the excitation of the floor current. The center frequency of the first frequency band is greater than or equal to the center frequency of the second frequency band.

[0106] Specifically, the first signal source 20 provides an excitation signal in the satellite communication frequency band to stimulate the generation of a first resonant current in the radiator 10 and a floor current in the reference floor 500. Simultaneously, the electrical length of the resonant structure 30 meets the resonant condition, and the resonant structure 30 guides the floor current to concentrate on the resonant structure 30, forming a second resonant mode that supports the second frequency band. Optionally, the first frequency band covers the satellite communication frequency band, and the first resonant mode serves as the primary radiation mode, enabling the antenna assembly 100 to support the satellite communication frequency band and facilitate satellite calls for electronic devices.

[0107] Among them, the second resonant mode on the resonant structure 30 is an auxiliary radiation mode. On the one hand, the resonant structure 30 tunes the directivity pattern of the antenna assembly 100 by changing the current distribution of the reference floor 500. On the other hand, the resonant point of the second resonant mode formed by the resonant structure 30 is equal to the resonant point of the first resonant mode, so as to form a wide band with the first resonant mode and enhance the energy radiation of the antenna assembly 100 in the satellite frequency band; on the other hand, the resonant point of the second resonant mode formed by the resonant structure 30 is smaller than the resonant point of the first resonant mode, which can improve the resonance efficiency of the first resonant mode.

[0108] Optionally, the resonance point of the second resonance mode (the center frequency point of the second frequency band) is slightly smaller than the resonance point of the first resonance mode (the center frequency point of the first frequency band). The present application does not make any specific limitation on the specific resonance point of the second resonance mode. It is mainly based on the second resonance mode formed by the resonance structure 30 so that the upper hemisphere energy ratio of the antenna component 100 is greater than or equal to the preset upper hemisphere energy ratio. The preset upper hemisphere energy ratio is the upper hemisphere energy ratio when the resonance structure 30 is not set, for example, 40%. For example, the resonance point of the first resonance mode is 2.0 GHz, and the resonance point of the second resonance mode is 1.9 GHz. At this time, the upper hemisphere energy ratio of the antenna component 100 when working is 70%. It is considered that the resonance point of the second resonance mode may include 1.9 GHz. For another example, the resonance point of the first resonance mode is 2.0 GHz, and the resonance point of the second resonance mode is 1.2 GHz. At this time, the upper hemisphere energy ratio of the antenna component 100 when working is 39%. It is considered that 1.2 GHz is not suitable as the resonance point of the second resonance mode.

[0109] The electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application is designed such that a radiator 10 is disposed on a first side 322 of a frame. The radiator 10 includes a first ground terminal A1, a feeding point B, and a first free end D1 arranged in sequence. The first ground terminal A1 is electrically connected to a reference floor 500. A first signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point B. The first signal source 20 is used to provide an excitation signal in a satellite communication frequency band. A resonant structure 30 is disposed on at least one of the side where the top edge 321 is located, the side where the first side 322 is located, and the side where the second side 324 is located. The resonant structure 30 includes a second ground terminal A2 and a second free end D2. The second ground terminal A2 is electrically connected to the reference floor 500. The first ground terminal A1 is electrically connected to the feeding point B. The first signal source 20 is used to provide an excitation signal in a satellite communication frequency band. The direction pointing to the first free end D1 is the same as or does not intersect with the direction pointing to the second free end D2 from the second ground end A2. The first signal source 20 is used to excite the radiator 10 to form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band, and to excite the reference floor 500 to form a floor current. The resonant structure 30 forms a second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band at least under the excitation of the floor current. The center frequency of the first frequency band is greater than or equal to the center frequency of the second frequency band. The above design realizes the resonance of the radiator 10 and the resonant structure 30, wherein the resonant structure 30 is used to change the current distribution on the reference floor 500, thereby tuning the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 to achieve good satellite communication.

[0110] The following embodiments of the present application take the example that the first frequency band supported by the first resonance mode and the second frequency band supported by the second resonance mode both cover the satellite communication frequency band.

[0111] Optionally, the embodiment of the present application sets a resonant structure 30 on the side where the first side 322 is located, or the side where the top edge 321 is located, or the side where the second side 324 is located. The resonant structure 30 can guide the current on the reference floor 500 to be more concentrated near the resonant structure 30. By changing the current distribution on the reference floor 500, the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 100 is tuned, and the energy proportion in the upper hemisphere is increased, thereby achieving good satellite communication of the electronic device.

[0112] Optionally, when there is one resonant structure 30 , one resonant structure 30 and the radiator 10 may form an antenna pair. When there are multiple resonant structures 30 , multiple resonant structures 30 and the radiator 10 may form an antenna cluster.

[0113] Furthermore, the main directional pattern formed by the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode points toward the side where the top edge 321 is located. Generally, the electronic device 1000 is used with the top edge 321 pointing toward the sky. By pointing the main directional pattern of the antenna assembly 100 toward the side where the top edge 321 is located, direct communication between the electronic device 1000 and the satellite device can be facilitated.

[0114] Optionally, a resonant structure 30 is provided on the side where the top edge 321 is located. The resonant structure 30 is used to guide the current on the reference floor 500 to the area near the top edge 321. In this way, the longitudinal current intensity in the upper half of the reference floor 500 is enhanced, and the longitudinal floor current in the upper half of the reference floor 500 enhances the radiation contribution of the antenna assembly 100. The radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 is oriented toward the side where the top edge 321 is located, thereby increasing the upper hemisphere energy share of the antenna assembly 100 in the satellite communication frequency band. The longitudinal direction is the direction parallel to the second floor edge.

[0115] Optionally, the resonant structure 30 is arranged on the side where the first side edge 322 is located, and the resonant structure 30 and the radiator 10 form an antenna pair. The phase relationship on the resonant structure 30 and the phase relationship on the radiator 10 are designed so that the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 100 is toward the side where the top edge 321 is located, thereby increasing the upper hemisphere energy share of the antenna assembly 100 in the satellite communication frequency band.

[0116] Optionally, a resonant structure 30 is provided on the side where the second side edge 324 is located. The resonant structure 30 is used to guide the current on the reference floor 500 to an area near the second side edge 324. In this way, the lateral current intensity of the reference floor 500 is enhanced, and the directivity pattern of the antenna assembly 100 is directed toward the side where the top edge 321 is located, thereby increasing the upper hemisphere energy share of the antenna assembly 100 in the satellite communication frequency band. The lateral direction is a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511.

[0117] The following describes an example of providing the resonant structure 30 in the present application to increase the upper hemisphere energy ratio of the antenna assembly 100 with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0118] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4 , the at least one resonant structure 30 includes a first resonant structure 31. The first resonant structure 31 is disposed on the side of the first side edge 322. The second ground end A2 of the first resonant structure 31 points toward the second free end D2 in the same direction as the second ground end A2 of the radiator 10 points toward the first free end D1.

[0119] In other words, the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 are disposed on the same side of the reference floor 500 , for example, both disposed on the first side 322 . Furthermore, the free end of the first resonant structure 31 faces the same direction as the free end of the radiator 10 .

[0120] Specifically, referring to FIG. 4 , the free end of the first resonant structure 31 and the free end of the radiator 10 are both oriented toward the side where the top edge 321 is located.

[0121] Referring to Figure 6 , the free end of the first resonant structure 31 and the free end of the radiator 10 are both oriented toward the bottom edge 323. If the free end of the first resonant structure 31 were oriented in the opposite direction to the free end of the radiator 10, common and differential modes would be generated, preventing a favorable radiation pattern toward the top edge 321. However, by aligning the free end of the first resonant structure 31 with the free end of the radiator 10, a favorable radiation pattern toward the top edge 321 is achieved.

[0122] The first resonant mode resonates between the first ground terminal A1 and the first free end D1 and supports a quarter-wavelength mode in the first frequency band. In other words, the primary resonant current in the first resonant mode is distributed between the first ground terminal A1 and the first free end D1, i.e., throughout the entire branch of the radiator 10. The electrical length of the radiator 10 is close to or equal to a quarter wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, thereby exciting the formation of a quarter-wavelength mode between the first ground terminal A1 and the first free end D1 that supports the first frequency band.

[0123] The current distribution of the main resonant current of the first resonant mode includes: flowing from the first ground terminal A1 to the first free terminal D1. Due to the periodicity of the current, at other times, the current may also flow from the first free terminal D1 to the first ground terminal A1.

[0124] The electrical length in this application can satisfy the following formula:

[0125] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in a free scene.

[0126] As previously mentioned, the antenna form of radiator 10 is an IFA antenna. The first resonant mode is close to or equals the quarter-wavelength mode of the first frequency band. The quarter-wavelength mode is the fundamental mode of the IFA antenna and has relatively high efficiency, thereby ensuring relatively high efficiency in the first frequency band supported by the first resonant mode.

[0127] The second resonant mode resonates between the second ground terminal A2 and the second free end D2 and supports a quarter-wavelength mode in the second frequency band. In other words, the primary resonant current in the second resonant mode is distributed between the second ground terminal A2 and the second free end D2, i.e., throughout the entire branch of the resonant structure 30. The electrical length of the resonant structure 30 is close to or equal to a quarter wavelength of the center frequency of the second frequency band, thereby exciting the formation of a quarter-wavelength mode between the second ground terminal A2 and the second free end D2 that supports the second frequency band.

[0128] The current distribution of the main resonant current of the second resonant mode includes: flowing from the second ground terminal A2 to the second free terminal D2. Due to the periodicity of the current, at other times, the current may also flow from the second free terminal D2 to the second ground terminal A2.

[0129] Optionally, both the first frequency band and the second frequency band cover the Tiantong satellite communication frequency band (1980-2200 MHz), or the continuous frequency band formed by the first frequency band and the second frequency band covers the Tiantong satellite communication frequency band (1980-2200 MHz).

[0130] 4 and 6 , the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 form an antenna pair.

[0131] Furthermore, referring to Figures 4 and 6 , the first resonant structure 31 is located on a side of the radiator 10 away from the top edge 321. By designing the radiator 10 to be located between the first resonant structure 31 and the top edge 321, the phase of the first resonant current of the radiator 10 in the first resonant mode lags behind the phase of the second resonant current of the first resonant structure 31 in the second resonant mode. The radiation direction is from the phase-advanced direction to the phase-lagging direction. In this way, the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is from the first resonant structure 31 to the radiator 10, that is, the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is toward the top edge 321.

[0132] Optionally, the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 are disposed on the same side, and the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 are coupled via the floor current on the reference floor 500. That is, the first signal source 20 excites the radiator 10 to form a first resonant current and a floor current on the reference floor 500, and also creates a resonant condition within the electrical length of the first resonant structure 31, attracting more floor currents and forming a second resonant current on the first resonant structure 31. Furthermore, the first ground end A1 is at a strong magnetic field position, the second free end D2 is at a strong electric field position, and a coupling gap is formed between the first ground end A1 and the second free end D2. Alternatively, the first free end D1 is at a strong electric field position, the second ground end A2 is at a strong magnetic field position, and a coupling gap is formed between the second ground end A2 and the first free end D1. The radiator 10 and the first resonant structure 31 form a magnetic-electric field coupling structure, meaning that the radiator 10 and the first resonant structure 31 are also spatially coupled.

[0133] The coupling effect between the radiator 10 and the first resonant structure 31 affects the phase difference between the currents flowing through the radiator 10 and the first resonant structure 31. Therefore, the phase difference between the currents flowing through the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 can be tuned by adjusting the coupling strength between the radiator 10 and the first resonant structure 31. Furthermore, the phase difference between the currents flowing through the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 can be tuned by adjusting the center point sizes of the first frequency band and the second frequency band.

[0134] Optionally, referring to Fig. 7 , the radiator 10 includes a first connection point E1. The first connection point E1 is located between the second ground end A2 and the second free end D2, or the first connection point E1 is located at the second ground end A2.

[0135] Optionally, referring to FIG7 , the antenna assembly 100 includes a tuning circuit T1 . One end of the tuning circuit T1 is electrically connected to the first connection point E1 , and the other end of the tuning circuit T1 is grounded. The tuning circuit T1 is used to tune the resonant frequency of the resonant structure 30 , that is, to tune the center frequency of the second frequency band.

[0136] The tuning circuit T1 includes but is not limited to components such as inductors and capacitors.

[0137] 8 , the tuning circuit T1 further includes a tuning switch T11 and a plurality of tuning branches T12. One end of the tuning switch T11 is electrically connected to the first connection point E1, and one end of each of the plurality of tuning branches T12 is electrically connected to the other end of the tuning switch T11. The other ends of the plurality of tuning branches T12 are grounded.

[0138] Each tuning branch T12 has a different impedance value. For example, the multiple tuning branches T12 may be multiple capacitors with different capacitance values; or, the multiple tuning branches T12 may be multiple inductors with different inductance values; or, the multiple tuning branches T12 may include multiple capacitors with different capacitance values ​​and multiple inductors with different inductance values. By adjusting the tuning switch T11 to electrically connect to different devices, the equivalent electrical length electrically connected between the radiator 10 and the tuning branch T12 can be adjusted, thereby switching the resonant point size of the second resonant mode.

[0139] Optionally, the tuning branch T12 includes an adjustable capacitor.

[0140] When the tuning circuit T1 is provided, the equivalent electrical length formed by the branch between the second ground end A2 and the second free end D2 of the first resonant structure 31 and the tuning circuit T1 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the resonance point of the second resonant mode.

[0141] In other embodiments, the resonant structure 30 may not include the tuning circuit T1, and the electrical length between the second ground end A2 and the second free end D2 of the resonant structure 30 meets the condition for resonance on the resonant structure 30 (for example, the electrical length is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the second frequency band).

[0142] This application does not specifically limit the structure of the matching circuit M1.

[0143] For example, referring to FIG9 , the matching circuit M1 includes a first inductor L1 and a first capacitor C1. The first inductor L1 is electrically connected between the feed point B and the first signal source 20. One end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected between the first inductor L1 and the first signal source 20, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded. This application does not specifically limit the inductance value of the first inductor L1 or the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1.

[0144] This application does not specifically limit the structure of the tuning circuit T1.

[0145] For example, referring to FIG9 , the tuning circuit T1 includes a second capacitor C2 and a second inductor L2. One end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to a first connection point E1 between the second ground terminal A2 and the second free terminal D2, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. One end of the second inductor L2 is electrically connected to one end of the second capacitor C2, and the other end of the second inductor L2 is grounded. This application does not specifically limit the inductance value of the second inductor L2 or the capacitance value of the second capacitor C2.

[0146] In the antenna assembly 100 without the resonant structure 30, the radiator 10 is disposed on the first side 322, and the second free end D2 of the radiator 10 points to the side of the top side 321. The resonance point of the radiator 10 under the excitation of the first signal source 20 is 2 GHz.

[0147] Please refer to Figure 10, which shows the total field pattern of the radiator 10 in the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, without the resonant structure 30. As can be seen from the figure, the total field pattern of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 points toward the side of the top edge 321 and the side of the bottom edge 323. This is because the phase distribution of the resonant current on the radiator 10 is such that the current phase at the first ground terminal A1 leads and the current phase at the first free terminal D1 lags, thus forming a radiation direction pointing toward the top edge 321. In addition, the floor current on the reference floor 500 propagates longitudinally toward the side of the bottom edge 323, thus forming a radiation direction pointing toward the bottom edge 323.

[0148] Please refer to Figure 11, which shows the 2D radiation pattern of radiator 10 in antenna assembly 100 without resonant structure 30, according to an embodiment of the present application. Theta, taken from 0° to 90°, represents the energy distribution in the upper hemisphere. As can be seen from the figure, the energy distribution in the upper hemisphere of antenna assembly 100 is smaller than that in the lower hemisphere.

[0149] The radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 accounts for 40% of the upper hemisphere energy in the Tiantong satellite frequency band. This indicates that in the antenna assembly 100 without the resonant structure 30, the radiator 10 is located on the first side 322, and the upper hemisphere energy of the electronic device 1000 in the satellite head-to-hand communication scenario is relatively low.

[0150] 12 , which shows the left-handed circular polarization pattern of the radiator 10 in the antenna assembly 100 without the resonant structure 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application. The left-handed circular polarization pattern also points toward the bottom edge 323 .

[0151] The following describes the performance of the antenna assembly 100, such as the total field pattern and circular polarization pattern, by taking the case where the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 are both located on one side of the reference floor 500 and the center frequency of the first frequency band and the center frequency of the second frequency band are both 2 GHz.

[0152] Please refer to Figures 4 and 13. Figure 13 shows the total field pattern of an embodiment of the present application, wherein both the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 are located on the first side 322, and the second free end D2 of the first resonant structure 31 and the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 are both oriented toward the top side 321. As can be seen from the figure, the total field pattern of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 points toward the top side 321. Compared to the embodiment of the antenna assembly 100 in which the radiator 10 is located on the first side 322 without the resonant structure 30, the radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 toward the bottom side 323 is greatly reduced. The primary radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is toward the top side 321, facilitating signal connection between the antenna assembly 100 and the satellite equipment located above when the electronic device 1000 operates in the satellite communication frequency band.

[0153] Please refer to Figure 14, which shows another total field pattern provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 are both located on the first side 322, and the second free end D2 of the first resonant structure 31 and the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 are both oriented toward the top edge 321. As can be seen from the total field pattern, the primary radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is oriented toward the top edge 321, exhibiting a relatively small directivity coefficient and a relatively large coverage angle range (e.g., the angle corresponding to the dotted line in the figure). This facilitates rapid connection of the electronic device 1000 during satellite communications, and enables the electronic device 1000 to move with the operator during satellite communications, for example, maintaining a connection to the satellite while moving or changing its orientation.

[0154] Please refer to Figure 15, which is a left-handed circularly polarized radiation pattern in which the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application are both arranged on the first side 322, and the second free end D2 of the first resonant structure 31 and the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 are both facing the top edge 321. Among them, the total directional gain is 2dBi, and the left-handed circular polarization gain is 1.568dBi. This indicates that left-handed circular polarization is the main polarization. Among them, left-handed circularly polarized waves are mainly used for transmission during Tiantong satellite communication. As can be seen from the figure, the most important direction of the left-handed circularly polarized radiation pattern is the upward direction. In addition, the angular coverage range in the upward direction (such as the angle corresponding to the dotted line in the figure) is larger.

[0155] Please refer to Figure 16, which is a 2D directional pattern of left-hand circular polarization, in which the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application are both arranged on the first side 322, and the second free end D2 of the first resonant structure 31 and the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 are both facing the top edge 321. Since the first resonant structure 31 is provided, the total field gain radiated by the antenna assembly 100 toward the top edge 321 increases, so the circularly polarized field gain radiated by the antenna assembly 100 toward the top edge 321 also increases. Among them, Theta takes 0-90° as the energy distribution in the upper hemisphere. As can be seen from the figure, the total field energy distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the upper hemisphere is much greater than the total field energy distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the lower hemisphere. Since the Tiantong satellite communication band is transmitted via left-hand circularly polarized waves, the upper hemisphere energy proportion of the left-hand circularly polarized field energy in this embodiment increases, thereby improving the efficiency of the Tiantong satellite communication band.

[0156] As can be seen from the figure, the energy radiation coverage angle range of the left-handed circularly polarized wave of the antenna assembly 100 in the upper hemisphere is relatively large, so that the electronic device 1000 can be quickly connected during Tiantong satellite communication, and the electronic device 1000 can move with the operator during Tiantong satellite communication, for example, the electronic device 1000 can remain connected to the Tiantong satellite during the movement and the change of orientation.

[0157] Compared to the embodiment in which the radiator 10 is located on the first side 322 of the antenna assembly 100 without the resonant structure 30, the radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 toward the bottom side 323 is greatly reduced. The main radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is toward the top side 321, so that when the electronic device 1000 operates in the satellite communication frequency band, the antenna assembly 100 can connect to the satellite equipment on the top. The energy proportion of the antenna assembly 100 in the upper hemisphere is 75%. Compared to the upper hemisphere energy proportion of 40% for the radiator 10 without the resonant structure 30, the embodiment of the present application provides the first resonant structure 31, which greatly improves the upper hemisphere energy proportion.

[0158] Please refer to Figures 6 and 17. Figure 17 shows the total field pattern of an embodiment of the present application, wherein both the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 are located on the first side 322, and the second free end D2 of the first resonant structure 31 and the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 are both oriented toward the bottom side 323. As can be seen from the figure, the total field pattern of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is directed toward the top side 321. Compared to the embodiment of the antenna assembly 100 in which the radiator 10 is located on the first side 322 without the resonant structure 30, the radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 toward the bottom side 323 is greatly reduced. The primary radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is toward the top side 321, facilitating signal connection between the antenna assembly 100 and the satellite equipment located above when the electronic device 1000 operates in the satellite communication frequency band.

[0159] Please refer to Figure 18, which shows a 2D radiation pattern of an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure 31 and radiator 10 are both located on the first side 322, with the second free end D2 of the first resonant structure 31 and the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 both facing the bottom side 323. Theta is taken from 0 to 90 degrees to represent the energy distribution in the upper hemisphere. As can be seen from the figure, the total field energy distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the upper hemisphere is much greater than the total field energy distribution in the lower hemisphere.

[0160] Compared with the embodiment in which the radiator 10 is arranged on the first side 322 in the antenna assembly 100 when the resonant structure 30 is not provided, the radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 toward the bottom edge 323 is greatly reduced, and the main radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is toward the top edge 321, so that when the electronic device 1000 operates in the satellite communication frequency band, the antenna assembly 100 can establish a signal connection with the satellite equipment on the top.

[0161] As described above, the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 and the second free end D2 of the first resonant structure 31 in the antenna assembly 100 face the top edge 321 or the bottom edge 323 , and both can form a radiation direction mainly toward the top edge 321 , with a higher upper hemisphere energy share.

[0162] The antenna assembly 100 provided in the present application can also achieve wide-coverage circularly polarized signal transmission by designing the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 to form an antenna pair.

[0163] Please refer to Table 1-1, which compares the efficiency in a free-space scenario, the efficiency when a person is in close proximity, and the SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) value when a person is in close proximity for the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, when the first resonant structure 31 is not provided, and when the first resonant structure 31 forms an antenna pair with the radiator 10. Specifically, when the first resonant structure 31 forms an antenna pair with the radiator 10, the efficiency in a free-space scenario and the efficiency when a person is in close proximity are both increased, and the SAR value when a person is in close proximity is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of SAR exceeding the standard.

[0164] Table 1-1

[0165] Optionally, the electronic device 1000 may be a non-foldable device or a foldable device.

[0166] When the electronic device 1000 is a foldable device, the reference floor 500 includes a first floor 520 , a hinge 530 , and a second floor 540 connected in sequence. The at least one resonant structure 30 and the radiator 10 are both located on the same side of the hinge 530 .

[0167] Please refer to FIG. 19 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application, which are disposed on the same side of the rotating shaft 530 .

[0168] Please refer to Figure 20, which shows the total field radiation pattern of antenna assembly 100 in a foldable device without resonant structure 30, according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, when electronic device 1000 is foldable, the width of reference floor 500 increases. The total field pattern of radiator 10 of antenna assembly 100 is primarily directed toward the bottom edge 323. At this point, the energy contribution in the upper hemisphere of antenna assembly 100 is 30%.

[0169] Please refer to Figure 21, which shows the first total field radiation pattern for a foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the first resonant structure 31 and radiator 10 are located on the same side of the hinge 530. As can be seen from the figure, when the electronic device 1000 is foldable, the width of the reference floor 500 increases. Due to the presence of the first resonant structure 31, the total field pattern of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is primarily directed toward the top edge 321. At this point, the energy contribution to the upper hemisphere of the antenna assembly 100 is 63%.

[0170] Please refer to Figure 22, which shows the second total field radiation pattern of a foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 are located on the same side of the rotating shaft 530. As can be seen from the figure, when the electronic device 1000 is a foldable device, the width of the reference floor 500 increases. By tuning the tuning circuit T1 electrically connected to the first resonant structure 31 to adjust the magnitude of the second frequency point to an appropriate position, the coupling between the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 is optimized, thereby improving the efficiency of the first frequency band and thereby increasing the upward radiation gain. At this point, the upper hemisphere energy proportion of the antenna assembly 100 is 72%.

[0171] Please refer to Figure 23, which shows the third total field radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in a foldable device without the resonant structure 30 provided in an embodiment of the present application. When the electronic device 1000 is held in hand, with a finger resting on the first resonant structure 31, the pattern shows an increase in upward radiation compared to the free-hand position, with the primary radiation direction still toward the bottom edge 323. In this case, the upper hemisphere accounts for 45% of the energy.

[0172] Please refer to Figure 24, which shows the left-handed circularly polarized radiation pattern of antenna assembly 100 in a foldable device provided in an embodiment of the present application, without resonant structure 30. When electronic device 1000 is held in hand, with a finger resting on first resonant structure 31, the pattern shows an increase in upward radiation compared to the free-hand mode, and the left-handed circularly polarized upward radiation component also increases.

[0173] Please refer to Figure 25, which is a second diagram of the total field radiation pattern of a foldable device provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 are located on the same side of the hinge 530. When the electronic device 1000 is held in the hand, with a finger resting on the first resonant structure 31, the upwardly radiated energy increases compared to an embodiment without the first resonant structure 31, with the primary radiation direction being toward the top edge 321, and the upper hemisphere energy contribution increasing to 51.7%.

[0174] Please refer to Figure 26, which shows the radiation pattern of the left-handed circularly polarized field in a foldable device provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 are located on the same side of the rotating shaft 530. When the electronic device 1000 is held in the hand, with a finger resting on the first resonant structure 31, compared to an embodiment without the first resonant structure 31, the upward radiation energy increases, with the primary radiation direction being toward the top edge 321. Furthermore, the proportion of left-handed circular polarization also increases, indicating that the left-handed circularly polarized field radiation is primarily directed toward the top edge 321.

[0175] Please refer to Figure 27, which shows the total field radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the foldable device provided in an embodiment of the present application, without the resonant structure 30, close to the head. It can be seen that the total field pattern of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly directed towards the side where the bottom edge 323 is located.

[0176] Please refer to Figure 28, which shows the total field radiation pattern of the foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the first resonant structure 31 and radiator 10 are located on the same side of the rotating shaft 530. Due to the action of the first resonant structure 31 and the dielectric loading of the head, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 is primarily directed toward the top edge 321, with a wide angular coverage in the upward radiation direction.

[0177] Please refer to Table 1-2, which compares the efficiency in a free-space scenario, the efficiency when a person is close to the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, when the first resonant structure 31 is not provided, and when the first resonant structure 31 forms an antenna pair with the radiator 10. Specifically, when the first resonant structure 31 and the radiator 10 form an antenna pair, the efficiency in a free-space scenario and the efficiency when a person is close to the antenna assembly 100 increase, and the SAR value when a person is close to the antenna assembly 100 decreases, thereby reducing the risk of SAR exceeding the standard.

[0178] Table 1-2

[0179] Please refer to FIG. 29 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a top edge 321 provided with a resonant structure 30 .

[0180] Optionally, referring to FIG. 29 , at least one resonant structure 30 includes a second resonant structure 32. The second resonant structure 32 is disposed on the side where the top edge 321 is located. Specifically, the second resonant structure 32 can be disposed on the reference floor 500 on the side where the top edge 321 is located, or on the top edge 321. The structure and function of the second resonant structure 32 can be described with reference to the structure and function of the first resonant structure 31.

[0181] The second free end D2′ of the second resonant structure 32 faces the second side edge 324. The first free end D1 of the radiator 10 faces the top edge 321. That is, the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 is relatively close to the second ground end A2′ of the second resonant structure 32, forming a magnetic field-electric field coupling structure.

[0182] The second resonant structure 32 is used to guide the floor current to be distributed in the area near the first floor edge 511. In this way, the floor current intensity in the area near the first floor edge 511 of the reference floor 500 is increased, thereby enhancing the radiation pattern toward the top edge 321 and increasing the energy proportion in the upper hemisphere.

[0183] Optionally, the distance between the second resonant structure 32 and the first side 322 is greater than the distance between the second resonant structure 32 and the second side 324. In other words, the second resonant structure 32 is located on the side of the top edge 321 close to the radiator 10. Furthermore, the second ground terminal A2 is located at a position on the top edge 321 close to the first side 322. Because the floor current on the side of the first floor edge 511 close to the radiator 10 is relatively strong, the second resonant structure 32 is positioned close to the radiator 10, making it easier for the second resonant structure 32 to be excited by the floor current and resonate. Moreover, the coupling between the second resonant structure 32 and the radiator 10 is stronger, directing more floor current to the upper half of the reference floor 500, further enhancing the radiation pattern toward the top edge 321 and increasing the proportion of energy in the upper hemisphere.

[0184] Under the stimulation of the first signal source 20, a first resonant current is formed on the radiator 10, and a floor current is formed on the reference floor 500. The floor current includes a first sub-current and a second sub-current. The first sub-current is distributed between the first ground terminal A1 and the first floor edge 511. The second sub-current is distributed between the first ground terminal A1 and the fourth floor edge 514. The second resonant structure 32 directs more of the floor current on the reference floor 500 toward the vicinity of the second resonant structure 32, thereby achieving a current intensity of the first sub-current greater than that of the second sub-current, and a current intensity greater in the upper half of the reference floor 500 than in the lower half of the reference floor 500. This enhances radiation toward the top edge 321 and increases the energy proportion in the upper hemisphere.

[0185] Please refer to Figure 30, which shows the total field pattern of the second resonant structure 32 and the radiator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, the total field pattern of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly directed toward the side where the top edge 321 is located. Compared to the embodiment in which the radiator 10 is located on the first side edge 322 in the antenna assembly 100 without the resonant structure 30, the radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 toward the bottom edge 323 is greatly reduced. The main radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is toward the top edge 321, so that when the electronic device 1000 operates in the satellite communication frequency band, the antenna assembly 100 can establish a signal connection with the satellite equipment on the top.

[0186] Please refer to Figure 31, which is a left-handed circularly polarized 3D pattern of the second resonant structure 32 and the radiator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, the pattern of the left-handed circularly polarized component of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 mainly points to the side where the top edge 321 is located. Compared with the embodiment in which the radiator 10 is arranged on the first side 322 in the antenna assembly 100 when the resonant structure 30 is not provided, the left-handed circularly polarized radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 toward the bottom edge 323 is greatly reduced, and the left-handed circularly polarized component of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly radiated in the direction toward the top edge 321. Left-handed circularly polarized waves are mainly used for transmission during Tiantong satellite communication, so that when the electronic device 1000 operates in the Tiantong satellite communication frequency band, the antenna assembly 100 can establish a signal connection with the Tiantong satellite equipment on the top.

[0187] Please refer to Figure 32, which is a left-handed circularly polarized 2D pattern of the second resonant structure 32 and the radiator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Since the total gain of the antenna assembly 100 radiating toward the top edge 321 increases after the second resonant structure 32 is set, the left-handed circularly polarized field gain radiated by the antenna assembly 100 toward the top edge 321 also increases. Among them, Theta takes 0-90° as the left-handed circularly polarized energy distribution in the upper hemisphere. As can be seen from the figure, the left-handed circularly polarized energy distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the upper hemisphere is much greater than the left-handed circularly polarized energy distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the lower hemisphere. Since the Tiantong satellite communication band is transmitted by left-handed circularly polarized waves, the upper hemisphere energy proportion of the left-handed circularly polarized field energy in this embodiment increases, so the efficiency of the Tiantong satellite communication band is improved.

[0188] Please refer to Figure 33, which is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 in the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, without the resonant structure 30. As can be seen from the figure, the current on the reference floor 500 includes a longitudinal current flowing toward the first floor edge 511, a longitudinal current flowing toward the fourth floor edge 514, and a transverse current flowing toward the second side edge 324. The longitudinal current flowing toward the first floor edge 511 and the longitudinal current flowing toward the fourth floor edge 514 are both relatively strong. This indicates that when the second resonant structure 32 is absent, longitudinal currents along the long side and transverse currents along the short side are excited, resulting in upward and downward antenna radiation.

[0189] Please refer to Figure 34, which is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the second resonant structure 32, radiator 10, and reference floor 500 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, the current on the reference floor 500 includes a longitudinal current flowing toward the first floor edge 511, a longitudinal current flowing toward the fourth floor edge 514, and a transverse current flowing toward the second side edge 324. The longitudinal current flowing toward the first floor edge 511 is much stronger than the longitudinal current flowing toward the fourth floor edge 514. The presence of the second resonant structure 32 at the top strengthens the longitudinal current in the upper half of the long side of the reference floor 500 and weakens the longitudinal current in the lower half, resulting in upward antenna radiation.

[0190] Please refer to Figure 35, which shows the upper hemisphere radiation percentage of an antenna assembly 100 without a resonant structure 30 according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, point 1 represents the energy radiated upward, and point 2 represents the total radiated energy. It can be seen that the upper hemisphere radiation percentage of antenna assembly 100 without a resonant structure 30 is 40%.

[0191] Please refer to Figure 36, which shows the upper hemisphere radiation percentage of antenna assembly 100, wherein the second resonant structure 32 of top edge 321 forms an antenna pair with radiator 10, according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, point 2 represents the upwardly radiated energy, while point 1 represents the total radiated energy. It can be seen that the upper hemisphere radiation percentage of antenna assembly 100 without resonant structure 30 is 57%.

[0192] The antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the circular polarization directivity and upper hemisphere radiation ratio of the side antenna of the electronic device 1000. The main radiator 10 is located on the long side of the electronic device 1000. Compared with the top position, it reduces the SAR falloff in the head-to-hand communication mode, making it more suitable for the head-to-hand communication mode. A resonant structure 30 is provided at a specific position on the top of the electronic device 1000. Due to the guiding effect of the top resonant structure 30 on the main radiator 10, the longitudinal current in the upper half of the electronic device 1000 is enhanced, thereby increasing the upper hemisphere radiation ratio and the circular polarization antenna gain of the electronic device 1000, thereby improving the user experience.

[0193] Please refer to Figure 37, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, including both a first resonant structure 31 and a second resonant structure 32. The at least one resonant structure 30 includes the first resonant structure 31 and the second resonant structure 32. The first resonant structure 31 is located on the side of the first side 322. The second ground end A2 of the first resonant structure 31 points toward the second free end D2 in the same direction as the second ground end A2 of the radiator 10 points toward the first free end D1. The second resonant structure 32 is located on the side of the top edge 321. Specifically, the second resonant structure 32 can be located on the reference floor 500 on the side of the top edge 321 or on the top edge 321. The structure and function of the second resonant structure 32 can be described with reference to the structure and function of the first resonant structure 31. The second free end D2′ of the second resonant structure 32 faces the side of the second side 324. The first free end D1 of the radiator 10 faces the side of the top edge 321. That is, the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 is relatively close to the second ground end A2 ′ of the second resonant structure 32 to form a magnetic field-electric field coupling structure.

[0194] The second resonant structure 32 is used to guide the floor current to be distributed in the area near the first floor edge 511. In this way, the floor current intensity in the area near the first floor edge 511 of the reference floor 500 is increased, thereby enhancing the radiation pattern toward the top edge 321 and increasing the energy proportion in the upper hemisphere.

[0195] Please refer to Figure 38, which shows the total field pattern of the first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32, and the radiator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, the total field pattern of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly directed toward the side where the top edge 321 is located. The downward side lobes are further reduced. Compared with the embodiment in which the radiator 10 is located on the first side edge 322 in the antenna assembly 100 without the resonant structure 30, the radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 toward the bottom edge 323 is further reduced. The main radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is toward the top edge 321, so that when the electronic device 1000 operates in the satellite communication frequency band, the antenna assembly 100 can establish a signal connection with the satellite equipment on the top.

[0196] Please refer to Figure 39, which shows the left-handed circularly polarized 3D pattern of the first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32, and the radiator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, the pattern of the left-handed circularly polarized component of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly directed to the side where the top edge 321 is located, and the downward sidelobes in the left-handed circularly polarized field are further reduced. Compared with the embodiment in which the radiator 10 is arranged on the first side edge 322 in the antenna assembly 100 without the resonant structure 30, the left-handed circularly polarized radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 toward the bottom edge 323 is further reduced, and the left-handed circularly polarized component of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly radiated in the direction toward the top edge 321. Left-handed circularly polarized waves are mainly used for transmission during Tiantong satellite communication, so that when the electronic device 1000 operates in the Tiantong satellite communication frequency band, the antenna assembly 100 can establish a signal connection with the Tiantong satellite equipment on the top.

[0197] Please refer to Figure 40, which is a left-handed circularly polarized 2D pattern of the first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32 and the radiator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Since the total gain of the antenna assembly 100 radiated toward the top edge 321 is further increased after the first resonant structure 31 and the second resonant structure 32 are set, the left-handed circularly polarized field gain radiated toward the top edge 321 by the antenna assembly 100 is also further increased. Among them, Theta takes 0-90° as the left-handed circularly polarized energy distribution in the upper hemisphere. As can be seen from the figure, the left-handed circularly polarized energy distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the upper hemisphere is much greater than the left-handed circularly polarized energy distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the lower hemisphere. Since the Tiantong satellite communication band is transmitted by left-handed circularly polarized waves, the upper hemisphere energy proportion of the left-handed circularly polarized field energy in this embodiment increases, so the efficiency of the Tiantong satellite communication band is improved.

[0198] Please refer to Figure 41, which is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32, the radiator 10, and the reference floor 500 according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, the current on the reference floor 500 is primarily concentrated near the radiator 10, the first resonant structure 31, and the second resonant structure 32. The first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32, and the radiator 10 all resonate. A phase-leading current forms in the first resonant structure 31, while a phase-lagging current forms in the radiator 10, resulting in radiation directed toward the top edge 321. The second resonant structure 32 increases the longitudinal current intensity in the upper half of the reference floor 500, decreases the longitudinal current intensity in the lower half of the reference floor 500, and reduces the longitudinal current flowing toward the bottom edge 323, thereby enhancing upward radiation. This dual enhancement results in upward radiation directed toward the top edge 321, with a greater proportion of energy in the upper hemisphere.

[0199] Please refer to Figure 42, which shows the upper hemisphere radiation percentage of antenna assembly 100, which forms an antenna cluster with first and second resonant structures 31, 32, and radiator 10, according to an embodiment of the present application. The first and second resonant structures 31, 32 further enhance the efficiency, and the long-side resonant structures 30 further suppress the longitudinal current in the lower half. As can be seen in the figure, point 2 represents the upwardly radiated energy, while point 1 represents the total radiated energy. Consequently, the upper hemisphere radiation percentage of antenna assembly 100 has been further increased to 75.8%.

[0200] Please refer to FIG. 43 , which is a schematic structural diagram showing that the second side 324 is provided with a resonant structure 30 .

[0201] Optionally, referring to FIG43 , at least one resonant structure 30 includes a third resonant structure 33. The third resonant structure 33 is provided on the side where the second side 324 is located. Specifically, the third resonant structure 33 may be provided on the reference floor 500 on the side where the second side 324 is located or on the second side 324. The structure and function of the third resonant structure 33 may refer to the structure and function of the first resonant structure 31. Due to the provision of the third resonant structure 33. The third resonant structure 33 is used to increase the transverse current on the reference floor 500, thereby enhancing the upward radiation. The direction of the transverse current is along the direction of the first floor edge 511. For example, the transverse current on the reference floor 500 is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band, and the reference floor 500 is approximately a dipole structure. According to the directional pattern of the dipole structure, an upward directional pattern is formed.

[0202] Optionally, referring to FIG. 44 , the second ground end A2 of the third resonant structure 33 points toward the second free end D2 in the same direction as the first ground end A1 of the radiator 10 points toward the first free end D1. That is, the free end of the third resonant structure 33 faces the same direction as the free end of the first resonant structure 31, for example, both facing the top edge 321. This application does not specifically limit the location of the third resonant structure 33. Optionally, the third resonant structure 33 may be located in the lower half of the reference floor 500 (near the bottom edge 323), in the upper half of the reference floor 500 (near the top edge 321), or directly opposite (or nearly directly opposite) the radiator 10.

[0203] Optionally, the at least one resonant structure 30 includes a first resonant structure 31, a second resonant structure 32, and a third resonant structure 33. The first resonant structure 31 is located on the side of the first side edge 322. The second ground end A2 of the first resonant structure 31 points to the second free end D2 in the same direction as the second ground end A2 of the radiator 10 points to the first free end D1. The second resonant structure 32 is located on the side of the top edge 321. Specifically, the second resonant structure 32 can be located on the reference floor 500 on the side of the top edge 321 or on the top edge 321. The second free end D2′ of the second resonant structure 32 faces the side of the second side edge 324. The first free end D1 of the radiator 10 faces the side of the top edge 321. The second resonant structure 32 is used to guide the floor current distribution to the area near the first floor edge 511. This increases the floor current intensity in the area of ​​the reference floor 500 near the first floor edge 511, thereby enhancing the radiation pattern toward the top edge 321 and increasing the energy proportion in the upper hemisphere.

[0204] The third resonant structure 33 is disposed on the side of the second side 324. Specifically, the third resonant structure 33 can be disposed on the reference floor 500 on the side of the second side 324 or on the second side 324. Due to the provision of the third resonant structure 33, the third resonant structure 33 is used to increase the transverse current on the reference floor 500, thereby enhancing upward radiation. The direction of the transverse current is along the first floor edge 511. The direction in which the second ground end A2 of the third resonant structure 33 points to the second free end D2 is the same as the direction in which the first ground end A1 of the radiator 10 points to the first free end D1.

[0205] 45 , when the electronic device 1000 is a foldable device, the reference floor 500 includes a first floor 520 , a hinge 530 , and a second floor 540 connected in sequence, and at least one resonant structure 30 and the radiator 10 are both located on the same side of the hinge 530 .

[0206] Optionally, referring to FIG. 45 , the first resonant structure 31 , the second resonant structure 32 and the radiator 10 are all located on the same side of the rotation shaft 530 .

[0207] Please refer to Figure 46, which shows the total field pattern of the foldable device provided by the embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32, and the radiator 10 are arranged on the same side of the rotating shaft 530. As can be seen from the figure, the total field pattern of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly directed to the side where the top edge 321 is located. The downward side lobes are further reduced. Compared with the embodiment in which the radiator 10 is arranged on the first side edge 322 in the antenna assembly 100 without the resonant structure 30, the radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 toward the bottom edge 323 is further reduced. The main radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is toward the top edge 321, so that when the electronic device 1000 operates in the satellite communication frequency band, the antenna assembly 100 can establish a signal connection with the satellite equipment on the top.

[0208] Please refer to Figure 47, which shows the left-handed circularly polarized 3D radiation pattern of the foldable device provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32, and the radiator 10 are located on the same side of the rotating shaft 530. As can be seen from the figure, the radiation pattern of the left-handed circularly polarized component of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is primarily directed in the direction from the top edge 321 toward the first side edge 322, and the downward sidelobes in the left-handed circularly polarized field are further reduced. Compared to the embodiment in which the radiator 10 is located on the first side edge 322 in the antenna assembly 100 without the resonant structure 30, the left-handed circularly polarized radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 toward the bottom edge 323 is further reduced, and the left-handed circularly polarized component of the antenna assembly 100 is primarily radiated in the direction from the top edge 321 toward the first side edge 322. The Tiantong satellite communication mainly adopts left-hand circularly polarized wave transmission, so that when the electronic device 1000 operates in the Tiantong satellite communication frequency band, the antenna assembly 100 can establish a signal connection with the Tiantong satellite device on the top.

[0209] Please refer to Figure 48, which is a left-handed circularly polarized 2D pattern in a foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32, and the radiator 10 are arranged on the same side of the rotating shaft 530. Since the first resonant structure 31 and the second resonant structure 32 are provided, the total gain of the antenna assembly 100 radiating toward the top edge 321 is further increased, so the left-handed circularly polarized field gain radiated toward the top edge 321 by the antenna assembly 100 is also further increased. Among them, Theta takes 0-90° as the left-handed circularly polarized energy distribution in the upper hemisphere. As can be seen from the figure, the left-handed circularly polarized energy distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the upper hemisphere is much greater than the left-handed circularly polarized energy distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the lower hemisphere. Since the Tiantong satellite communication band is transmitted by left-handed circularly polarized waves, the upper hemisphere energy proportion of the left-handed circularly polarized field energy in this embodiment increases, so the efficiency of the Tiantong satellite communication band is improved.

[0210] Please refer to Figure 49, which is a schematic diagram of current distribution in a foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32, and the radiator 10 are located on the same side of the rotating shaft 530. As can be seen from the figure, the current on the reference floor 500 is primarily concentrated near the radiator 10, the first resonant structure 31, and the second resonant structure 32. The first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32, and the radiator 10 all resonate. A phase-leading current forms in the first resonant structure 31, while a phase-lagging current forms in the radiator 10, resulting in radiation directed toward the top edge 321. The second resonant structure 32 increases the longitudinal current intensity in the upper half of the reference floor 500, decreases the longitudinal current intensity in the lower half of the reference floor 500, and reduces the longitudinal current flowing toward the bottom edge 323, thereby enhancing upward radiation. This dual enhancement results in upward radiation directed toward the top edge 321, with a greater proportion of energy in the upper hemisphere.

[0211] Please refer to Figure 50, which shows the upper hemisphere radiation percentage of the foldable device provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the first resonant structure 31, the second resonant structure 32, and the radiator 10 are located on the same side of the rotating shaft 530. The first and second resonant structures 31, 32 are further enhanced, and the resonant structure 30 on the long side further suppresses the longitudinal current in the lower half. As can be seen from the figure, point 2 represents the upwardly radiated energy, while point 1 represents the total radiated energy. As can be seen, the upper hemisphere radiation percentage of the antenna assembly 100 has been further increased to 77.9%.

[0212] Alternatively, referring to Figure 51 , reference floor 500 includes a first floor 520, a rotation axis 530, and a second floor 540, which are sequentially connected. The second resonant structure 32, located on the side of the top edge 321, and the radiator 10 are located on the same side of the rotation axis 530. The third resonant structure 33, located on the side of the second side edge 324, and the radiator 10 are located on opposite sides of the rotation axis 530.

[0213] Furthermore, when the first floor 520 and the second floor 540 are in a folded state, the resonant structure 30 provided on the side where the second side edge 324 is located is located on the side of the radiator 10 away from the top edge 321, and the second free end D2 of the resonant structure 30 provided on the side where the second side edge 324 is located is oriented in the same direction as the first free end D1 of the radiator 10. In this way, when the electronic device 1000 is folded, the third resonant structure 33 forms the first resonant structure 31 on the side of the radiator 10 away from the top edge 321. The electronic device 1000 can increase the upward radiation component of satellite communication in either the unfolded state or the folded state, thereby increasing the upper hemisphere share.

[0214] Optionally, the resonant structure 30 is part of the frame 320, or the resonant structure 30 is part of the reference floor 500. For example, the resonant structure 30 is formed by extending a branch from the edge of the reference floor 500, or a hollow structure is formed on the reference floor 500 to form the resonant structure 30.

[0215] The present application does not limit the specific structure of the resonant structure 30. For example, the resonant structure 30 is L-shaped. In other embodiments, the resonant structure 30 can also be T-shaped, in which case the second resonant mode is a 1 / 2 wavelength mode at the center frequency of the second frequency band.

[0216] Specifically, referring to FIG. 52 , the resonant structure 30 further includes a third free end D3. The third free end D3 and the second free end D2 are opposite ends of the resonant structure 30. The electrical length between the third free end D3 and the second free end D2 is approximately half the wavelength of the center frequency of the second frequency band, causing the resonant structure 30 to form a half-wavelength mode at the center frequency of the second frequency band under the excitation of the floor current.

[0217] Optionally, the distance between the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 and the top edge 321 is 20 to 60 mm. By setting the distance between the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 and the top edge 321 to 20 to 60 mm, the radiator 10 is kept as far away from the human head as possible when the electronic device 1000 is in the head-to-hand call state, thereby reducing the impact of head loading on the efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 and reducing the SAR risk. Furthermore, by setting the first free end D1 of the radiator 10 relatively away from the bottom edge 323, the radiator 10 is located in the upper half of the first side edge 322, thereby preventing the first free end D1 of the electronic device 1000 near the bottom edge 323 from being held by the hand when the hand is in the handheld state, thereby preventing problems such as signal blocking.

[0218] The above is an example of the radiator 10 operating in the satellite communication frequency band. The radiator 10 can also operate in the mobile communication frequency band.

[0219] Referring to Figure 53, the antenna assembly 100 also includes at least one second signal source 40 and a first switch unit K1. The second signal source 40 is used to provide a mobile communication excitation signal. The mobile communication excitation signal includes but is not limited to an LB band excitation signal, an MHB band excitation signal, an UHB band excitation signal, a Wi-Fi band excitation signal, etc. The present application uses the second signal source 40 to provide an MHB band excitation signal. When the first band and the second band operate in the Tiantong satellite band, the electrical length of the radiator 10 is close to the electrical length corresponding to the MHB band, and the radiator 10 is reused as a Tiantong satellite antenna or an MHB antenna.

[0220] A first terminal of the first switch unit K1 is electrically connected to the first feed point B1 and further electrically connected to the first feed point B1 through the matching circuit M1. A selected terminal of the first switch unit K1 is electrically connected to the first signal source 20. Another selected terminal of the first switch unit K1 is electrically connected to at least one second signal source 40.

[0221] Furthermore, referring to Figure 54 , the antenna assembly 100 also includes a third signal source 50 and a second switch unit K2. The third signal source 50 is used to provide a mobile communication excitation signal. The fixed end of the second switch unit K2 is electrically connected to the first connection point E1 of the first resonant structure 31, and the selectable end of the second switch unit K2 can be selectively electrically connected to the third signal source 50. When the radiator 10 operates in the satellite communication frequency band, the second switch unit K2 is disconnected. When the radiator 10 operates in the mobile communication frequency band, the second switch unit K2 can be turned on or off.

[0222] Optionally, as shown in Figure 55 , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a fourth signal source 60 and a third switch unit K3. The fourth signal source 60 is used to provide a mobile communication excitation signal. The fixed end of the third switch unit K3 is electrically connected to the third connection point E3 of the third resonant structure 33, and the selectable end of the third switch unit K3 can be selectively electrically connected to the fourth signal source 60. When the radiator 10 operates in the satellite communication frequency band, the third switch unit K3 is disconnected. When the radiator 10 operates in the mobile communication frequency band, the third switch unit K3 can be turned on or off.

[0223] Optionally, referring to FIG. 56 , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a fifth signal source 70 and a fourth switch unit K4. The fifth signal source 70 is used to provide a satellite communication excitation signal. The fixed end of the fourth switch unit K4 is electrically connected to the second connection point E2 of the second resonant structure 32, and the selectable end of the fourth switch unit K4 can be selectively electrically connected to the fifth signal source 70. In this way, the second resonant structure 32 can serve as an auxiliary resonant structure 30 when the radiator 10 operates in the satellite frequency band. Of course, it can also serve as a top satellite antenna. The top and side satellite antennas can be switched based on the strength of the satellite signal.

[0224] The antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can increase the energy proportion in the upper hemisphere and improve the left-hand circular polarization gain in the upper hemisphere of the mobile phone. Since the main radiating antenna is located on the long side of the mobile phone, the SAR falloff in the head-to-hand call mode is reduced.

[0225] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, wherein: include: A reference floor comprises a first floor edge, a second floor edge, a third floor edge and a fourth floor edge connected in sequence; a frame, connected to a circumference of the reference floor, the frame comprising a top edge, a first side edge, a bottom edge, and a second side edge, the top edge being opposite to and spaced from the first floor edge, the first side edge being opposite to and spaced from the second floor edge, the second side edge being opposite to and spaced from the third floor edge, and the bottom edge being opposite to and spaced from the fourth floor edge; An antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising: a radiator, the radiator being disposed on the first side, the radiator comprising a first grounding end, a feeding point, and a first free end arranged in sequence, the first grounding end being electrically connected to the reference ground; a signal source, the signal source being electrically connected to the feeding point; and at least one resonant structure, the resonant structure being disposed on at least one of the side where the top edge is located, the side where the first side edge is located, and the side where the second side edge is located, the resonant structure comprising a second ground end and a second free end, the second ground end being electrically connected to the reference ground, and a direction from the first ground end to the first free end being the same as or not intersecting with a direction from the second ground end to the second free end; The signal source is used to excite the radiator to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band, and to excite the reference floor to form a floor current. The resonant structure forms a second resonant mode supporting a second frequency band at least under the excitation of the floor current, and the center frequency of the first frequency band is greater than or equal to the center frequency of the second frequency band.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein The main directional patterns formed by the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode point to the side where the top edge is located.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein The at least one resonant structure includes a first resonant structure, which is arranged on the side where the first side is located, and the direction in which the second ground end of the first resonant structure points to the second free end is the same as the direction in which the second ground end of the radiator points to the first free end.

4. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein: The first resonant structure is located on a side of the radiator away from the top edge.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein: A phase of a first resonant current of the radiator in the first resonant mode lags behind a phase of a second resonant current of the first resonant structure in the second resonant mode.

6. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein The antenna assembly includes a matching circuit electrically connected between the feed point and the signal source; and / or, The antenna assembly includes a tuning circuit, one end of the tuning circuit is electrically connected between the second ground end and the second free end, the other end of the tuning circuit is grounded, and the tuning circuit is used to tune the resonant frequency of the resonant structure.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, wherein: The matching circuit includes a first inductor element and a first capacitor element. The first inductor element is electrically connected between the feeding point and the signal source. One end of the first capacitor element is electrically connected between the first inductor element and the signal source, and the other end of the first capacitor element is grounded.

8. The electronic device according to claim 6, wherein: The tuning circuit includes a second capacitor and a second inductor. One end of the second capacitor is electrically connected between the second ground end and the second free end, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded. One end of the second inductor is electrically connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the second inductor is grounded.

9. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The at least one resonant structure includes a second resonant structure, the second resonant structure is arranged on the side where the top edge is located, the second free end of the second resonant structure is facing the side where the second side edge is located, and the first free end of the radiator is facing the side where the top edge is located. The second resonant structure is used to guide the floor current to be distributed in an area close to the first floor edge.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, wherein The distance between the second resonant structure and the first side is greater than the distance between the second resonant structure and the second side.

11. The electronic device according to claim 9, wherein The floor current includes a first sub-current and a second sub-current, the first sub-current is distributed between the first ground end and the first floor edge, the second sub-current is distributed between the first ground end and the fourth floor edge, and the current intensity of the first sub-current is greater than the current intensity of the second sub-current.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: The at least one resonant structure further includes a second resonant structure, which is arranged on the side where the top edge is located, the second free end of the second resonant structure is facing the side where the second side edge is located, and the first free end of the radiator is facing the side where the top edge is located. The second resonant structure is used to guide the floor current to be distributed in an area close to the first floor edge.

13. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The at least one resonant structure includes a third resonant structure, which is arranged on the side where the second side is located. The third resonant structure is used to increase the transverse current on the reference floor, and the direction of the transverse current is along the direction of the first floor edge.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein: The direction in which the second ground end of the third resonant structure points to the second free end is the same as the direction in which the first ground end of the radiator points to the first free end.

15. The electronic device according to claim 12, wherein The at least one resonant structure further includes a third resonant structure, which is arranged on the side where the second side is located. The third resonant structure is used to increase the transverse current on the reference floor, and the direction of the transverse current is along the direction of the first floor edge.

16. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, 10 to 11, and 15, wherein: The reference floor comprises a first floor, a rotating shaft and a second floor connected in sequence, and the at least one resonant structure and the radiator are both located on the same side of the rotating shaft.

17. The electronic device according to claim 15, wherein: The reference floor includes a first floor, a rotating shaft and a second floor connected in sequence. The resonant structure and the radiator located on the side where the top edge is located are located on the same side of the rotating shaft, and the resonant structure and the radiator located on the side where the second side edge is located are respectively located on opposite sides of the rotating shaft.

18. The electronic device according to claim 17, wherein: When the first floor panel and the second floor panel are in a folded state, the resonant structure provided on the side where the second side edge is located is located on the side of the radiator away from the top edge, and the direction of the second free end of the resonant structure provided on the side where the second side edge is located is the same as the direction of the first free end of the radiator.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, 10, 11, 14 to 15, wherein: The resonant structure is a part of the frame, or the resonant structure is a part of the reference floor.

20. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-8, 10, 11, 14-15, wherein: The resonant structure further includes a third free end, and the third free end and the second free end are opposite ends of the resonant structure.

21. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-8, 10, 11, 14-15, wherein: The distance between the first free end of the radiator and the top edge is 20 to 60 mm.

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