Pre-charging method, pre-charging apparatus, controller, and vehicle

Abstract

A pre-charging method, a pre-charging apparatus, a controller, and a vehicle. The pre-charging method comprises: in response to a pre-charging instruction of a target device, acquiring a first initial temperature of a target component in a pre-charging circuit; controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge a load, and acquiring the number of times of pre-charging and a total pre-charging duration; determining a first real-time temperature of the target component in the pre-charging process on the basis of the total pre-charging duration, a pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature; and controlling the pre-charging circuit on the basis of the first real-time temperature and the number of times of pre-charging. The temperature rise safety of the target component is protected, and pre-charging safety is improved.

Description

Pre-charging method, pre-charging device, controller and vehicle

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority and benefits to patent application No. 2024101920508, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on February 20, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a pre-charging method, a pre-charging device, a controller, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0004] To ensure the safety of the vehicle system, the high-voltage circuit needs to be pre-charged when the battery system is connected to the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle power system. In related technologies, a pre-charge control strategy is formulated by limiting the number of pre-charges.

[0005] However, the control strategies in related technologies are based on the faults in the precharge circuit, which has high limitations and cannot meet the safety requirements of precharge operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, the first objective of this application is to propose a pre-charge method that monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charge duration, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature, so as to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component. Furthermore, it combines the number of pre-charges and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charge process to control the pre-charge circuit and improve the pre-charge safety.

[0007] The second objective of this application is to provide a pre-charging device.

[0008] The third objective of this application is to propose a controller.

[0009] The fourth objective of this application is to propose a vehicle.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application provides a pre-charging method, which includes: in response to a pre-charging command from a target device, acquiring a first initial temperature of a target component in a pre-charging circuit; controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge a load, and acquiring the number of pre-charging cycles and the total pre-charging duration; determining a first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging duration, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature; and controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging cycles.

[0011] According to the pre-charge method of this application embodiment, firstly, in response to the pre-charge command of the target device, the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charge circuit is obtained. Then, the pre-charge circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load, and the number of pre-charges and the total pre-charge duration are obtained. Based on the total pre-charge duration, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature, the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charge process is determined. Based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charges, the pre-charge circuit is controlled. Thus, this method monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charge duration, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component. Furthermore, by combining the number of pre-charges and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charge process to control the pre-charge circuit, the pre-charge safety is improved.

[0012] In addition, the pre-charging method according to the above embodiments of this application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, the precharge circuit is controlled based on a first real-time temperature and the number of precharges, including: if the precharge fails this time, and if the number of precharges is less than a preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold, then the precharge circuit is controlled to precharge the load again; if the precharge fails this time, and if the number of precharges is less than a preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, then it is determined that the target component has a precharge overheating fault, and the precharge circuit is controlled to stop precharging the load.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this application, after determining that the target component has a precharge overheating fault and controlling the precharge circuit to stop precharging the load, the precharge method further includes: obtaining a first stop precharge duration and a first real-time temperature of the target component when the precharge circuit is controlled to stop precharging the load as a second initial temperature of the target component; determining the second real-time temperature of the target component based on the first stop precharge duration, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component, and the second initial temperature; and triggering the target device to send a precharge command again if the second real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold.

[0015] According to one embodiment of this application, when the target device is triggered to send a precharge command again, the precharge method further includes: using the second real-time temperature of the target component when the target device is triggered to send a precharge command again as the first initial temperature.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this application, the pre-charge circuit is controlled based on a first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charge cycles, and further includes: if the number of pre-charge cycles is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, a pre-charge failure signal is output to the target device if the pre-charge fails in this case.

[0017] According to one embodiment of this application, the precharge circuit is controlled based on a first real-time temperature and the number of precharges, and the control further includes: if the precharge is successful, controlling the precharge circuit to stop precharging the load; obtaining a second stop precharge duration and the first real-time temperature of the target component when the precharge is successful as a third initial temperature of the target component; determining the third real-time temperature of the target component based on the second stop precharge duration, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component, and the third initial temperature; and determining the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature.

[0018] According to one embodiment of this application, determining a first initial temperature based on a third real-time temperature includes: when the third real-time temperature is less than or equal to the battery pack body temperature, using the battery pack body temperature as the first initial temperature; wherein the load is pre-charged by the battery pack; and when the third real-time temperature is greater than the battery pack body temperature, using the third real-time temperature as the first initial temperature.

[0019] According to one embodiment of this application, the pre-charging method further includes: obtaining the load voltage and the single pre-charging duration; determining that the pre-charging is successful when the load voltage is greater than or equal to the pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging duration is less than or equal to the single pre-charging duration threshold; and determining that the pre-charging is unsuccessful when the load voltage is less than the pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging duration is greater than the single pre-charging duration threshold.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application provides a pre-charging device, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring a first initial temperature of a target component in a pre-charging circuit in response to a pre-charging command from a target device; a control module for controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load and acquiring the number of pre-charging cycles and the total pre-charging duration; a determination module for determining a first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging duration, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature; and the control module further for controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging cycles.

[0021] According to the pre-charging device of this application embodiment, the acquisition module responds to the pre-charging command of the target device to acquire the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit, the control module controls the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, and acquires the number of pre-charging cycles and the total pre-charging time. The determination module determines the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature. The control module controls the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging cycles. Therefore, this device monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component. Furthermore, by combining the number of pre-charging cycles and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to control the pre-charging circuit, the pre-charging safety is improved.

[0022] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides a controller, including: a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, it implements the pre-charging method described above.

[0023] According to the controller of the present application embodiment, when the processor executes the program, it implements the above-mentioned pre-charge method. Based on the above-mentioned pre-charge method, it monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charge time, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component. Furthermore, it controls the pre-charge circuit by combining the number of pre-charges and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charge process to improve the pre-charge safety.

[0024] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of this application provides a vehicle including the aforementioned pre-charging device or the aforementioned controller.

[0025] According to the vehicle of the present application embodiment, based on the pre-charging device or the controller described above, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature, so as to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further control the pre-charging circuit by combining the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process, thereby improving the pre-charging safety of the vehicle.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a pre-charging method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a pre-charging method according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a pre-charging device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 5 is a block diagram of a controller according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 6 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 7 is a second block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0035] The pre-charging method, pre-charging device, controller, and vehicle proposed in this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In related technologies, pre-charge control employs a strategy that limits the number of pre-charge attempts. This strategy initiates a fault report if pre-charge fails even after reaching the target number of attempts. This pre-charge control strategy is based on fault diagnosis of the pre-charge circuit, such as a faulty vehicle capacitor or a damaged pre-charge resistor, and does not rely on temperature rise for assessment. Therefore, this technical solution has the following shortcomings:

[0037] 1) In order to ensure lifespan and temperature rise tolerance, the electrical components in the precharge circuit are generally selected with higher specifications, which leads to increased costs;

[0038] 2) Too many pre-charge cycles will cause the temperature of electrical components in the pre-charge circuit to rise. If the heat generation is too high, it will affect the life and function of the electrical components.

[0039] 3) If the plastic casing of the electrical components in the precharge circuit has a low temperature tolerance, the temperature rise during the precharge process will cause the plastic casing of the electrical components to melt, resulting in insulation failure and high-voltage safety failure.

[0040] Therefore, in order to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application proposes a pre-charging method. During the pre-charging process, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature, so as to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component. Furthermore, the pre-charging circuit is controlled by combining the number of pre-charging cycles and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety.

[0041] The pre-charging method of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figure 1.

[0042] As shown in Figure 1, the pre-charging method of this application embodiment may include the following steps:

[0043] S1, in response to the pre-charge command of the target device, obtain the first initial temperature T10 of the target component in the pre-charge circuit;

[0044] S2 controls the pre-charge circuit to pre-charge the load and obtains the number of pre-charges n and the total pre-charge duration t. 总 ;

[0045] S3, based on total precharge duration t总 The pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the target component 温升 Based on the first initial temperature T10, determine the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component during the pre-charge process;

[0046] S4 controls the pre-charge circuit based on the first real-time temperature T11 and the number of pre-charge cycles n.

[0047] Taking Figure 2 as an example, battery pack 1 is connected to the load through high-voltage connector 2. During the charging process of the load through battery pack 1, the pre-charge relay K2 and the main negative relay K3 are first activated to form a pre-charge circuit for the load to perform the pre-charge operation. During the pre-charge operation, the circuit current is limited by the pre-charge resistor R to avoid current surges to the circuit and load caused by excessive instantaneous current when the circuit is turned on, which could lead to device damage.

[0048] During the pre-charging process based on the pre-charge circuit, after the load is pre-charged to a certain voltage, the pre-charge relay K2 is disconnected, and the main positive relay K1 and the main negative relay K3 are energized. This disconnects the pre-charge circuit, and the charging circuit constructed by the main positive relay K1 and the main negative relay K3 continues to charge the load until charging is complete. During the pre-charging process, the pre-charge circuit serves two purposes: first, it protects the main circuit relay K1 to ensure its normal operation; second, it protects the high-voltage load from direct input of high-voltage instantaneous current, preventing the high-voltage load from being burned out due to the intrusion of high-voltage instantaneous current.

[0049] During the pre-charging process of the load, the temperature rise of the target component in the pre-charging circuit is related to the number of pre-charging cycles. If the number of consecutive pre-charging cycles is too high, the temperature of the target component may become too high, thereby affecting the lifespan and function of the target component. To address the temperature rise safety issue in the pre-charging circuit that still exists in related technologies, this application proposes a pre-charging method. Pre-charging control is performed based on the pre-charging method of this application to improve the safety of pre-charging operations.

[0050] It should be noted that the target device can be a vehicle, air conditioner, or other equipment requiring pre-charging operation; there are no restrictions here. The target component is the electrical component that constitutes the pre-charging circuit, such as the pre-charging relay K2, pre-charging resistor R, return line harness, copper busbar, etc., as shown in Figure 2. The pre-charging method of this application will be described in detail below using a vehicle as the target device and the pre-charging resistor as the target component.

[0051] Upon receiving a pre-charge command from the vehicle controller, the battery management system responds by determining the first initial temperature T10 of the pre-charge resistor R. This first initial temperature T10 can be calculated using a formula or directly taken as the temperature of the battery pack itself. It should be noted that current battery packs already have temperature sensors in the cells or certain special components (such as end plates, covers, and busbars) to monitor the internal temperature in real time and prevent overheating or overcooling. Therefore, this application can directly determine the battery pack's internal temperature based on existing temperature sensors within the battery pack and further apply this to pre-charge control.

[0052] Meanwhile, upon receiving a pre-charge command, the battery management system controls the pre-charge relay K2 and the main negative relay K3 to engage, thereby constructing a pre-charge circuit to serve as the high-voltage load for the vehicle to perform the pre-charge operation, and obtains the number of pre-charges n and the total pre-charge duration t. 总 The division of the number of precharges, n, can be based on the precharge time of each precharge. For example, when the precharge time of a single precharge reaches t1, it is considered that the precharge is complete, and so on, to determine the number of precharges n in this precharge operation. The total precharge time n can be derived based on the number of precharges n, or it can be determined by real-time timing.

[0053] Based on the first initial temperature T10, the total precharge time t is obtained. 总 And the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the pre-charge resistance R is preset. 温升 The first real-time temperature is obtained by using the formula T11 = T10 + t. 总 *K 温升 The first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charge resistor R is calculated. Based on this temperature, it is determined whether the pre-charge resistor R has an over-temperature risk. Furthermore, the pre-charge circuit is controlled in conjunction with the first real-time temperature T11 and the number of pre-charge cycles n. For example, if the first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charge resistor R is greater than T1, it is considered that the pre-charge resistor R has an over-temperature risk, and the pre-charge circuit is stopped. If the number of pre-charge cycles n reaches a preset number n1, it is determined that the number of pre-charge cycles in this operation has reached the pre-charge limit, and the pre-charge circuit has failed, so the pre-charge circuit is stopped. If the first real-time temperature T11 is less than or equal to T1, and the number of pre-charge cycles n has not reached the preset number n1, the pre-charge circuit continues charging until pre-charge is successful.

[0054] It should be noted that this application can first monitor and calibrate the temperature rise of the target component in the precharge circuit based on experiments, collect the temperature rise of the target component after each precharge during continuous precharge, i.e., the real-time temperature, and establish a temperature rise control model of the target component through multiple actual temperature sampling values.

[0055] Taking the pre-charge resistor as the target component as an example, a test model is first established based on the target pre-charge circuit. A temperature sensor is then installed at the pre-charge resistor in the test model to monitor its temperature in real time. During the test, multiple actual temperature samples of the pre-charge resistor are acquired through the temperature sensor during the continuous pre-charge process. Curve fitting is then performed based on these multiple actual temperature samples to determine the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the pre-charge resistor. A temperature rise control model for the pre-charge resistor is then established to determine the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the pre-charge resistor in the target pre-charge circuit. 温升 The pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the pre-charge resistance was determined by the experiment. 温升 This information is stored in the corresponding battery management system. During the actual pre-charge process, the battery management system uses the pre-stored pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K. 温升 The method involves making a call and determining the first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charge resistance by combining the total pre-charge time n and the first initial temperature T10. Therefore, this pre-charge method is applicable to existing pre-charge loop control systems without temperature sensors, thus expanding its applicability. It is understood that during the pre-charge process, different target components in the pre-charge loop have different temperature rise characteristics; therefore, the corresponding pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K varies for different target components. 温升 They are also different; for example, the preset temperature coefficient of the pre-charge resistor is K. 温升1 The pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the pre-charge relay is K. 温升2 The pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the copper busbar is K. 温升3 Specifically, this can be determined through experiments. In actual control, the battery management system determines the corresponding pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K based on the target components used. 温升 To ensure the effectiveness of temperature rise monitoring.

[0056] Therefore, the application of the pre-charging method in this application does not require any changes to electrical components, only changes to the control logic, and has strong compatibility.

[0057] It should be further explained that the determination of the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component in the pre-charge circuit can be performed after each pre-charge. For example, after the first pre-charge, the pre-charge duration of the first pre-charge is determined, and then the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component is determined based on the pre-charge duration of the first pre-charge. The first real-time temperature T11 at the end of the first pre-charge is used to determine whether overheating has occurred or whether there is a risk of overheating. If the first pre-charge fails, the first real-time temperature T11 at the end of the first pre-charge is used to determine whether to perform the next pre-charge. For example, if it is determined that overheating has occurred or there is a risk of overheating based on the first real-time temperature T11, the pre-charge is stopped, and the next pre-charge is not performed. If it is determined that there is no overheating or the risk of overheating is low based on the first real-time temperature T11, the next pre-charge operation is performed. Alternatively, the determination and judgment of the first real-time temperature T11 can be performed simultaneously during the pre-charge operation. For example, the first real-time temperature T11 can be synchronously confirmed at a preset time interval, which is not affected by the number of pre-charges. When the first real-time temperature T11 reaches the preset temperature threshold, it is determined that the target component has overheated, and the pre-charge operation is stopped in time.

[0058] The pre-charging method in this embodiment monitors the temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit in real time and controls the pre-charging circuit in conjunction with the number of pre-charging cycles (n). This eliminates the need to select excessively redundant electrical components as target components in the pre-charging circuit, reducing application costs. At the same time, without changing other functions, it adds a temperature rise protection strategy, improving the overall safety of electrical components and the battery pack. This makes it less likely for fuses in the charging circuit to blow, reducing after-sales operations such as replacing the distribution box and other electrical components. Furthermore, in the case of continuous pre-charging, based on temperature monitoring, it can prevent the plastic casing of electrical components from melting due to excessive heat accumulation, preventing insulation failure and high-voltage safety failure caused by the melting of the plastic casing, thus improving pre-charging safety.

[0059] According to one embodiment of this application, the precharge circuit is controlled based on a first real-time temperature T11 and the number of precharges n, including: if the precharge fails this time, if the number of precharges n is less than a preset number threshold N and the first real-time temperature T11 is less than a preset temperature threshold T, then the precharge circuit is controlled to precharge the load again; if the precharge fails this time, if the number of precharges n is less than the preset number threshold N and the first real-time temperature T11 is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold T, then it is determined that the target component has a precharge overheating fault, and the precharge circuit is controlled to stop precharging the load.

[0060] Precharge overheating faults can indicate that the target component has already overheated, or that the target component has not overheated but there is a significant risk of overheating.

[0061] Specifically, if the pre-charge duration reaches the preset charging duration, the pre-charge is considered complete. If the load voltage does not reach the target voltage at the end of the pre-charge, the pre-charge is considered unsuccessful. If the number of pre-charges n is less than the preset threshold N and the first real-time temperature T11 is less than the preset temperature threshold T, the pre-charge circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load again, i.e., the next pre-charge is executed. If the number of pre-charges n is less than the preset threshold N, but the first real-time temperature T11 is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold T, a pre-charge overheating fault is determined to have occurred in the target component, a pre-charge overheating fault warning is reported, and the pre-charge relay is controlled to disconnect, exiting the pre-charge process.

[0062] According to one embodiment of this application, the pre-charging method further includes: acquiring the load voltage and the single pre-charging duration t0; determining that pre-charging is successful if the load voltage is greater than or equal to a pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging duration t0 is less than or equal to a single pre-charging duration threshold t; and determining that pre-charging is unsuccessful if the load voltage is less than the pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging duration t is greater than the single pre-charging duration threshold t0. The pre-charging voltage threshold can be set based on actual conditions.

[0063] In other words, the load voltage is acquired in real time during the pre-charging process and compared with the pre-charging voltage threshold. If the load voltage has reached the pre-charging voltage threshold while the single pre-charging duration t0 of this pre-charging is less than or equal to the single pre-charging duration threshold t, the pre-charging is considered successful, and the pre-charging of the load is stopped. That is, the pre-charging circuit is disconnected and the charging circuit is turned on to continue charging the load through the charging circuit. If the load voltage is still less than the pre-charging voltage threshold while the single pre-charging duration t0 of this pre-charging reaches the single pre-charging duration threshold t, the pre-charging is determined to be unsuccessful, and the next pre-charging is determined based on the number of pre-charging cycles n and the first real-time temperature T11.

[0064] According to one embodiment of this application, after determining that the target component has a precharge overheating fault and controlling the precharge circuit to stop precharging the load, the precharge method further includes: obtaining a first precharge stop duration t1 and a first real-time temperature T11 of the target component when the precharge circuit is controlled to stop precharging the load, as a second initial temperature T20 of the target component; based on the first precharge stop duration t1 and the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component... 温降 Based on the second initial temperature T20, determine the second real-time temperature T21 of the target component; if the second real-time temperature T21 is less than the preset temperature threshold T, trigger the target device to send a pre-charge command again.

[0065] In other words, when the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold T after multiple pre-charges, the pre-charge process is terminated. At this time, the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component is the highest temperature of the target component, and it is also the second initial temperature T20 when the cooling starts.

[0066] The vehicle's battery management system determines the first pre-charge stop duration t1 in real time and the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component. 温降 Based on the formula T21=T20-t1*K 温降 The second real-time temperature T21 of the target component is calculated. When the second real-time temperature T21 drops below the preset temperature threshold T, the battery management system sends a pre-chargeable command to the vehicle controller, which in turn triggers the vehicle controller to send a pre-charge command to continue the pre-charge operation.

[0067] Therefore, in order to ensure the pre-charge function, this embodiment does not continuously restrict the pre-charge function after the pre-charge overheat fault protection is triggered. Instead, it promptly resumes charging when the real-time temperature of the target component drops to a safe range, i.e., below the preset temperature threshold T, to minimize the impact on customer use.

[0068] It should be noted that the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component 温降 It can be determined based on experiments; for details, please refer to the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K mentioned above. 温升 The determination method is not described in detail here.

[0069] According to one embodiment of this application, when the target device is triggered to send a precharge command again, the precharge method further includes: using the second real-time temperature T21 of the target component when the target device is triggered to send a precharge command again as the first initial temperature T10.

[0070] In other words, based on the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component 温降 When the real-time temperature of the target component drops below a preset temperature threshold T, and a pre-charge operation is performed again, the second real-time temperature T21 of the target component is used as the first initial temperature T10 to determine the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component during the pre-charge process.

[0071] According to one embodiment of this application, the pre-charge circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature T11 and the number of pre-charges n, and the control further includes: if the number of pre-charges n is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold N, the pre-charge failure signal is output to the target device if the pre-charge fails in this case.

[0072] In other words, the number of consecutive pre-charges is limited during the pre-charge operation. If the number of pre-charges is greater than or equal to the preset threshold N in the case of a pre-charge failure, the pre-charge operation will not continue and a pre-charge failure signal will be reported to the vehicle controller so that the vehicle controller can issue a fault alarm. For example, the fault code can be displayed on the central control screen.

[0073] The reason why the number of precharge attempts (n) is greater than or equal to the preset threshold number (N) may be due to a faulty component in the precharge circuit, such as a faulty precharge capacitor or resistor in the vehicle. This can cause the load to fail to precharge successfully even after the number of precharge attempts (n) reaches the preset threshold (N). Therefore, it is necessary to report the fault to the operator. After outputting a precharge failure signal to the target device, the operator can manually clear the fault or wait a preset time before triggering the precharge command again to continue the precharge operation.

[0074] According to one embodiment of this application, the pre-charge circuit is controlled based on a first real-time temperature T11 and the number of pre-charge cycles n, further comprising: if the pre-charge is successful, controlling the pre-charge circuit to stop pre-charging the load; obtaining a second pre-charge stop duration t2 and the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component when the pre-charge is successful as a third initial temperature T30 of the target component; and based on the second pre-charge stop duration t2 and the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component... 温降 Based on the third initial temperature T30, determine the third real-time temperature T31 of the target component; and determine the first initial temperature T10 based on the third real-time temperature T31.

[0075] In other words, after a successful pre-charge, the control pre-charge circuit stops pre-charging the load to exit the pre-charge process. The battery management system operates based on the formula T31 = T30 - t2 * K. 温降 Calculate the third real-time temperature T31, where T30 is equal to the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component at the end of this pre-charge. During the next pre-charge operation, the battery management system determines the first initial temperature T10 of the target component for the next pre-charge based on the third real-time temperature T31 determined by the formula. For example, the third real-time temperature T31 of the target component can be directly used as the first initial temperature T10 for the next pre-charge, or the ambient temperature, determined in real-time, can be used as the first initial temperature T10 for the next pre-charge when the third real-time temperature T31 of the target component drops to the ambient temperature.

[0076] According to one embodiment of this application, determining a first initial temperature T10 based on a third real-time temperature T31 includes: when the third real-time temperature T31 is less than or equal to the battery pack body temperature, using the battery pack body temperature as the first initial temperature T10; wherein, the load is pre-charged by the battery pack; when the third real-time temperature T31 is greater than the battery pack body temperature, using the third real-time temperature T31 as the first initial temperature T10.

[0077] In other words, after the pre-charging is successful and the pre-charging process is exited, the battery management system follows the formula T31 = T30 - t2 * K. 温降 Calculate the real-time temperature T31 of the target component in the pre-charge circuit. When T31 drops to the same temperature as the package body, the temperature T31 of the target component is no longer calculated according to the formula. If, at the start of the next pre-charge, the third real-time temperature T31 has already dropped to the same temperature as the package body, then the first initial temperature T10 of the target component is the package body temperature. If, at the start of the next pre-charge, the third real-time temperature T31 has not yet dropped to the same temperature as the package body, then the first initial temperature T10 of the target component is the third real-time temperature T31.

[0078] It should be noted that the calculation of the third real-time temperature T31 can be determined at the start of the next pre-charge or after the current pre-charge is successful. For example, after the vehicle controller sends a pre-charge command again, the battery management system obtains the first real-time temperature T11 at the end of the previous successful pre-charge, and determines the second pre-charge stop duration t2 based on the time between the start of the current pre-charge and the end of the previous pre-charge. Then, based on the second pre-charge stop duration t2, the first real-time temperature T11 at the end of the previous successful pre-charge is corrected to determine the third real-time temperature T31. If the third real-time temperature T31 is greater than the battery pack temperature, then the third real-time temperature T31 is used as the first initial temperature T10 for this pre-charge; if the third real-time temperature T31 is less than or equal to the battery pack temperature, then the battery pack temperature is used as the second initial temperature T10 for this pre-charge.

[0079] It should be noted that the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the target component in this application 温升 and preset temperature drop coefficient K 温降 This is based on actual experiments, and the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K may vary depending on different battery pack designs and electrical component selections and arrangements. It is also affected by the pre-charge strategy. Therefore, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K can be calculated based on different battery pack designs, electrical component selections, and pre-charge strategies. 温升 and preset temperature drop coefficient K 温降 The determination of this is used in pre-charge control.

[0080] As a specific embodiment of this application, the target device is a vehicle, and the target component in the pre-charging circuit is a pre-charging resistor, as shown in Figure 3. The pre-charging method may include the following steps:

[0081] S101, the vehicle controller sends a pre-charge command.

[0082] S102, the battery management system responds to the pre-charge command and obtains the first initial temperature T10 of the pre-charge resistor.

[0083] S103 controls the precharge circuit to precharge the load, and obtains the number of precharges n and the total precharge duration t. 总 .

[0084] S104, calculate the first real-time temperature T11 = T10 + t 总 *K 温升 .

[0085] S105, determine whether the pre-charge was successful. If yes, proceed to step S106; otherwise, proceed to step S112.

[0086] S106 controls the precharge circuit to stop precharging the load and determines the third initial temperature T30 of the precharge resistor when the precharge is successfully completed.

[0087] S107, determine the second stop pre-charge duration t2.

[0088] S108, calculate the third real-time temperature T31 of the pre-charge resistor: T30 - t2 * K 温降 .

[0089] S109, determine whether the third real-time temperature T31 is less than or equal to the battery pack's body temperature. If yes, proceed to step S110; if no, proceed to step S111.

[0090] S110, set the package temperature as the first initial temperature T10 for the next pre-charge operation. Execute step S102.

[0091] S111, set the third real-time temperature T31 as the first initial temperature T11 for the next pre-charge operation. Execute step S102.

[0092] S112, determine whether the number of pre-charges n is less than the preset number threshold N. If yes, proceed to step S113; otherwise, proceed to step S106.

[0093] S113, determine whether the first real-time temperature T11 is less than the preset temperature threshold T. If yes, proceed to step S103; otherwise, proceed to step S114.

[0094] S114 indicates that the pre-charge resistor has a pre-charge overheating fault.

[0095] S115, control the precharge circuit to stop precharging the load, and obtain the second initial temperature T20 of the precharge resistor when the control precharge circuit stops precharging the load.

[0096] S116, determine the first stop pre-charging duration t1.

[0097] S117, Calculate the second real-time temperature of the pre-charge resistor T21 = T20 - t2 * K 温降 .

[0098] S118, determine whether the second real-time temperature T21 is less than the preset temperature threshold T. If yes, proceed to step S119; otherwise, proceed to step S116.

[0099] S119, trigger the vehicle controller to send the pre-charge command again, and use the second real-time temperature T21 as the first initial temperature T10. Execute step S102.

[0100] In summary, according to the pre-charge method of this application embodiment, firstly, in response to the pre-charge command of the target device, the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charge circuit is obtained. Then, the pre-charge circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load, and the number of pre-charges and the total pre-charge duration are obtained. Based on the total pre-charge duration, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature, the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charge process is determined. Based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charges, the pre-charge circuit is controlled. Thus, this method monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charge duration, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component. Furthermore, by combining the number of pre-charges and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charge process to control the pre-charge circuit, the pre-charge safety is improved.

[0101] Corresponding to the above embodiments, this application also proposes a pre-charging device.

[0102] As shown in Figure 4, the pre-charging device 1100 of this application embodiment may include: an acquisition module 10, a control module 20, and a determination module 30. The acquisition module 10, control module 20, and determination module 30 may be one or more processors. Alternatively, the acquisition module 10 may be a temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of the target component, and the control module 20 and determination module 30 may be one or more processors.

[0103] The acquisition module 10 is used to acquire the first initial temperature of the target component in the precharge circuit in response to the precharge command of the target device. The control module 20 is used to control the precharge circuit to precharge the load and acquire the number of precharges and the total precharge duration. The determination module 30 is used to determine the first real-time temperature of the target component during the precharge process based on the total precharge duration, the precharge temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature. The control module 20 is also used to control the precharge circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of precharges.

[0104] According to one embodiment of this application, the control module 20 controls the precharge circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of precharges, specifically: if the precharge fails this time, and the number of precharges is less than a preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold, then the control module 20 controls the precharge circuit to precharge the load again; if the precharge fails this time, and the number of precharges is less than a preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, then the control module 20 determines that the target component has a precharge overheating fault and controls the precharge circuit to stop precharging the load.

[0105] According to one embodiment of this application, after determining that the target component has a precharge overheating fault and controlling the precharge circuit to stop precharging the load, the control module 20 is further configured to: obtain the first precharge stop duration and the first real-time temperature of the target component when the precharge circuit is controlled to stop precharging the load as the second initial temperature of the target component; determine the second real-time temperature of the target component based on the first precharge stop duration, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component, and the second initial temperature; and trigger the target device to send a precharge command again if the second real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold.

[0106] According to one embodiment of this application, when the target device is triggered to send a precharge command again, the control module 20 is specifically used to: take the second real-time temperature of the target component when the target device is triggered to send a precharge command again as the first initial temperature.

[0107] According to one embodiment of this application, the control module 20 controls the precharge circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of precharges, and is further configured to: if the number of precharges is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold when the precharge fails, output a precharge failure signal to the target device.

[0108] According to one embodiment of this application, the control module 20 controls the precharge circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of precharges, and is further configured to: control the precharge circuit to stop precharging the load if the precharge is successful; obtain the second stop precharge duration and the first real-time temperature of the target component when the precharge is successful as the third initial temperature of the target component; determine the third real-time temperature of the target component based on the second stop precharge duration, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component and the third initial temperature; and determine the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature.

[0109] According to one embodiment of this application, the control module 20 determines a first initial temperature based on a third real-time temperature, specifically used for: taking the battery pack body temperature as the first initial temperature when the third real-time temperature is less than or equal to the battery pack body temperature; wherein the load is pre-charged by the battery pack; and taking the third real-time temperature as the first initial temperature when the third real-time temperature is greater than the battery pack body temperature.

[0110] According to one embodiment of this application, the control module 20 is further configured to: acquire the load voltage and the single precharge duration; determine that the precharge is successful if the load voltage is greater than or equal to the precharge voltage threshold and the single precharge duration is less than or equal to the single precharge duration threshold; and determine that the precharge is unsuccessful if the load voltage is less than the precharge voltage threshold and the single precharge duration is greater than the single precharge duration threshold.

[0111] Please refer to Figure 4. It should be noted that for details not disclosed in the pre-charging device 1100 of this application embodiment, please refer to the details disclosed in the pre-charging method of the above embodiment of this application. The specific details will not be repeated here.

[0112] According to the pre-charge device 1100 of this application embodiment, the acquisition module 10, in response to the pre-charge command of the target device, acquires the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charge circuit. The control module 20 controls the pre-charge circuit to pre-charge the load and acquires the number of pre-charges and the total pre-charge duration. The determination module 30, based on the total pre-charge duration, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature, determines the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charge process. The control module controls the pre-charge circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charges. Thus, the pre-charge device 1100 monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charge duration, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component. Furthermore, by combining the number of pre-charges and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charge process, the pre-charge circuit is controlled to improve pre-charge safety.

[0113] Corresponding to the above embodiments, this application also proposes a controller.

[0114] As shown in FIG5, the controller 100 of this application embodiment includes: a memory 110, a processor 120, and a program stored in the memory 110 and executable on the processor 120. When the processor 120 executes the program, it implements the pre-charging method described above.

[0115] According to the embodiment of this application, the controller 100 implements the above-described pre-charge method when the processor 120 executes the program. Based on the above-described pre-charge method, the controller monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charge duration, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component. Furthermore, the controller controls the pre-charge circuit by combining the number of pre-charges and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charge process to improve the pre-charge safety.

[0116] Corresponding to the above embodiments, this application also proposes a vehicle.

[0117] As shown in FIG6, the vehicle 1000 of this application embodiment includes the pre-charging device 1100 described above, or, as shown in FIG7, the vehicle 1000 of this application embodiment includes the controller 100 described above.

[0118] According to the vehicle of the present application embodiment, based on the pre-charging device 1100 or the controller 100 described above, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature, so as to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further control the pre-charging circuit by combining the number of pre-charging and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process, thereby improving the pre-charging safety of the vehicle 1000.

[0119] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0120] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0121] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0122] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0123] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0124] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method of priming, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a first initial temperature of a target component in a pre-charging circuit in response to a pre-charging instruction of a target device; controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge a load, and obtaining a pre-charging frequency and a total pre-charging duration; determining a first real-time temperature of the target component in the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging duration, a pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature; controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-charging frequency.

2. The method of pre-charging of claim 1, wherein, The step of controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-charging frequency comprises the following steps: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful, and the pre-charging frequency is less than a preset frequency threshold and the first real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold, then controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load again; if the pre-charging is unsuccessful, and the pre-charging frequency is less than the preset frequency threshold and the first real-time temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, then determining that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault, and controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load.

3. The method of pre-charging of claim 2, wherein, After determining that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault and controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load, the method further comprises the following steps: obtaining a first stop pre-charging duration and a first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging circuit stops pre-charging the load, and taking the first real-time temperature as a second initial temperature of the target component; determining a second real-time temperature of the target component based on the first stop pre-charging duration, a temperature drop coefficient of the target component, and the second initial temperature; if the second real-time temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold, then triggering the target device to send the pre-charging instruction again.

4. The method of pre-charging of claim 3, wherein, If the target device is triggered to send the pre-charging instruction again, the method further comprises the following step: taking the second real-time temperature of the target component when the target device is triggered to send the pre-charging instruction again as the first initial temperature.

5. The method of pre-charging of claim 2, wherein, The step of controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-charging frequency further comprises the following step: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful, and the pre-charging frequency is greater than or equal to the preset frequency threshold, then outputting a pre-charging failure signal to the target device.

6. The method of pre-charging of claim 2, wherein, The step of controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-charging frequency further comprises the following step: if the pre-charging is successful, then controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load; obtaining a second stop pre-charging duration and a first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging is successful, and taking the first real-time temperature as a third initial temperature of the target component; determining a third real-time temperature of the target component based on the second stop pre-charging duration, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component, and the third initial temperature; determining the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature.

7. The method of priming of claim 6, wherein, The step of determining the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature comprises the following step: if the third real-time temperature is less than or equal to a pack temperature of a battery pack (1), then taking the pack temperature as the first initial temperature; wherein the battery pack (1) pre-charges the load. If the third real-time temperature is greater than the temperature of the battery pack (1), the third real-time temperature is taken as the first initial temperature.

8. The priming method of any one of claims 2-7, wherein, The method further includes: Obtain the load voltage and single precharge duration; If the load voltage is greater than or equal to the precharge voltage threshold and the single precharge duration is less than or equal to the single precharge duration threshold, the precharge is determined to be successful. If the load voltage is less than the precharge voltage threshold and the single precharge duration is greater than the single precharge duration threshold, it is determined that the precharge was unsuccessful.

9. A pre-charging device, wherein, include: The acquisition module (10) is used to acquire the first initial temperature of the target component in the precharge circuit in response to the precharge command of the target device; The control module (20) is used to control the precharge circuit to precharge the load and to obtain the number of precharges and the total precharge duration; The determination module (30) is used to determine the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature. The control module (20) is also used to control the precharge circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of precharges.

10. A controller (100), wherein include: The memory (110), the processor (120), and the program stored in the memory (110) and executable on the processor (120), wherein when the processor (120) executes the program, it implements the pre-charge method according to any one of claims 1-8.

11. A vehicle (1000), wherein It includes the pre-charge device (1100) as described in claim 9, or the controller (100) as described in claim 10.

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