Prefabricated group for the exterior facade of a building, prefabricated exterior wall or facade and prefabricated module

Abstract

A prefabricated group (1) for the construction of a prefabricated exterior facade (100) of a building comprises a first prefabricated wall module (2), comprising a first frame (21) made at least partially of wood. Furthermore, a first metal profile (3), predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z), is fixed to the first frame (21). Said first wall module (2) comprises a first sealing gasket (4) joined to the first metal profile (3) and extending predominantly along the vertical direction (Z). A second prefabricated wall module (2' ) comprises a second frame (21' ) and a second metal profile (3' ). Said second wall module (2' ) comprises a second sealing gasket (4' ) joined to the second metal profile (3' ) and extending predominantly along the vertical direction (Z). The first wall module (2) is arranged alongside the second wall module (2' ) along the horizontal direction (X) to form at least one exterior facade portion (100' ) and so that the first metal profile (3) faces the second metal profile (3' ) and is spaced apart from the second metal profile (3' ), so that a gap (5) is formed therebetween. In particular, the first sealing gasket (4) and the second sealing gasket (4' ) are accommodated in said gap (5) to be in mutual contact and are suitable for compensating for any installation tolerances in the juxtaposition between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2' ). A prefabricated exterior wall or facade (100) of a building comprises a plurality of prefabricated ass emb lies (1) fixed to load-bearing structures of the building.

Description

PREFABRICATED GROUP FOR THE EXTERIOR FACADE OF ABUILDING, PREFABRICATED EXTERIOR WALL OR FACADE AND PREFABRICATED MODULE DESCRIPTIONField of application

[0001] The present invention relates to a prefabricated group for the prefabricated exterior facade of a building, a prefabricated module of said group, and a prefabricated exterior wall formed from multiple assemblies.

[0002] In general, the present invention is in the field of prefabricated construction.

[0003] More particularly, the present invention relates to the use of prefabricated panels for constructing exterior structural walls suitable for supporting the weight thereof and wind and earthquake loads for the construction of residential, tertiary-sector or large-scale commercial buildings, made at least partially of wood.

[0004] According to another aspect, some embodiments of the present invention involve the use of prefabricated panels for the construction of facades, or else of exterior structural walls, made of different types of materials, also materials other than wood.

[0005] For the construction of exterior walls or facades of buildings at least partially made of wood, known solutions provide for the creation of partially or entirelyprefabricated modules in a factory consisting of a frame composed of vertical uprights, interposed with insulating material, and closed using wood-based panels. In the case of load-bearing walls, these are lightweight modules that make it possible to optimize and contain the dimensions of the technical elements by virtue of inserting insulating material into the thickness of the structures: the crosssection of the walls is therefore reduced without changing the thermal and structural performance of the building.

[0006] These modules are used as structural load-bearing elements on buildings of limited height, or as a buffer element which may be applied to load-bearing structures made of wood, steel or reinforced concrete. In these cases, the insulating ability of the wall may be used to completely wrap the building, also covering the main structural elements (beams and pillars).

[0007] At the construction site, in some cases, the modules are joined together and the junction points, between the modules, are sealed by means of special sealing agents.

[0008] Inconveniently, the aforesaid solutions of the prior art may not be used for large buildings with a large number of floors. This is because such type of building requires considerable displacements between the modules due to the effect of deformations induced by horizontal wind and / or earthquake actions.

[0009] Furthermore, such type of building also requires adequate wind, fire and water resistance measures, as well as challenging tolerances.Summary of the invention

[0010] There therefore appears to be a strong need to provide a prefabricated group, a prefabricated module, and a prefabricated exterior facade or wall that is capable of overcoming the typical drawbacks of the prior art and that simplifies the operations for constructing exterior walls and prefabricated facades of large buildings, without however having to give up the benefits of wooden walls.

[0011] Furthermore, there is also a need to provide a prefabricated module which may be adapted to multiple architectural configurations and which may meet adequate or improved performance requirements in terms of resistance to atmospheric agents and to the consistent movements between the modules.

[0012] Furthermore, the need is also felt to have a prefabricated module that is able to respect adequate and improved performance in terms of insulation and fire resistance, without having to give up the advantages of wood.

[0013] Such requirements are met by a prefabricated group for a prefabricated exterior facade of a building, a prefabricated module, and a prefabricated exterior wallaccording to the attached independent claims. The dependent claims describe preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention, comprising further advantageous features.Description of the drawings

[0014] The features and advantages of the prefabricated group, of the prefabricated module and of the prefabricated exterior wall will become apparent from the following description of some preferred embodiments, given by way of indicative and non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0015] Figure 1 shows a front view of a prefabricated facade according to one embodiment of the invention;

[0016] Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional plan view along the sectional plane A-A of Figure 1 of the prefabricated facade of Figure 1;

[0017] Figure 2A shows a further plan view in greater detail in cross-section of the prefabricated facade according to one embodiment of the invention;

[0018] Figure 3 shows a cross-section of an axonometric view of a prefabricated facade according to one embodiment of the present invention, from a more rearward point of view, i.e., more towards the side of the indoor environment of the building;

[0019] Figure 3A shows a further cross section of anaxonometric view of a prefabricated facade according to one embodiment of the present invention, from a more rearward point of view, i.e., more towards the side of the indoor environment of the building;

[0020] Figure 4 shows a cross-section of an axonometric view of a prefabricated facade according to one embodiment of the present invention, from a more forward point of view, i.e., more towards the side of the exterior environment of the building;

[0021] Figure 5 shows a further cross-section of an axonometric view of a prefabricated facade according to one embodiment of the present invention, from a more lateral-rearward point of view, wherein a third prefabricated wall module is more clearly visible. Detailed description

[0022] With reference to the aforesaid figures, a prefabricated group for the construction of a prefabricated exterior facade of a building has been indicated as a whole with the reference numeral 1.

[0023] The prefabricated group 1 comprises a first prefabricated wall module 2 comprising a first frame 21, preferably made at least partially or predominantly of wood, extending in a vertical direction Z and a horizontal direction X and, preferably less, in a transverse direction Y intended to be arranged along the direction between theexternal environment E and the internal environment I of the building, when the first wall module 2 is installed on the building. The first wall module 2 also comprises a first metal profile 3, predominantly extending along the vertical direction Z and fixed to the first frame 21, preferably along a perimeter edge 210 of the first frame 21.

[0024] In this document, when referring to a wall module, a first wall module 2 or a second wall module 2' or a third wall module for brevity, it will be understood, in any event, that this is a prefabricated wall module.

[0025] It is clear that, preferably, the vertical direction Z is a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction X, both preferably being perpendicular to the transverse direction Y. For example, preferably, but not necessarily, the vertical direction Z is a direction having a main component thereof that is parallel to the direction of the force of gravity or that is precisely parallel to the force of gravity. Similarly, the horizontal direction X is a direction having a main component thereof perpendicular to the direction of the force of gravity or else it is precisely perpendicular to the force of gravity. It is however clear that the two directions may also be exchanged therebetween.

[0026] The first wall module 2 comprises a first sealinggasket 4 joined to the first metal profile 3 and extending predominantly along the vertical direction Z.

[0027] The prefabricated group 1 comprises a second prefabricated wall module 2' comprising a second frame 21' extending in a vertical direction Z and a horizontal direction X and, preferably less so in the transverse direction Y. The second wall module 2' comprises a second metal profile 3', predominantly extending along the vertical direction Z and fixed to the second frame 21' preferably along a perimeter edge of the second frame 21'.

[0028] The second wall module 2' comprises a second sealing gasket 4' joined to the second metal profile 3' and extending predominantly along the vertical direction Z. The sealing gasket 4' is preferably joined to the second metal profile 3' by interlocking.

[0029] The first metal profile 3 and the second metal profile 3' are preferably made of aluminum.

[0030] The first wall module 2 is arranged alongside the second wall module 2' along the horizontal direction X so that the first metal profile 3 faces the second metal profile 3' and is spaced apart from the second metal profile 3', so that a gap 5 is formed therebetween.

[0031] The first sealing gasket 4 and the second sealing gasket 4' are accommodated in said gap 5 to be in mutual contact and are suitable for compensating for anyinstallation tolerances in the juxtaposition between the wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' and / or allowing for any relative movement between the first wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' along said horizontal direction X, for example caused by thermal expansion or other deformation phenomena, such as wind or earthquake or gravitational loads on the structural elements of the building that bear the facade.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the first metal profile 3 comprises an auxiliary gasket seat 31 suitable for accommodating an auxiliary sealing gasket 4''.

[0033] According to one embodiment, the second metal profile 3' comprises a male element 31' which protrudes in the horizontal direction X and supports the auxiliary sealing gasket 4'' in the auxiliary gasket seat 31. This allows the seal of the joint between the first wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' to be further ensured in the event of rain or water originating from the external environment E, insofar as any water entering through the first gasket 4 and the second gasket 4' would be further blocked by the male element 31' and / or the auxiliary sealing gasket 4''.

[0034] The male element 31' preferably protrudes in the horizontal direction X over a length at least equal to or greater than the length L of the gap 5 in the horizontaldirection X.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the length of the gap 5 in the horizontal direction X is such as to ensure a relative movement between the first wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' of at least five millimeters, preferably at least fifteen millimeters, in the horizontal direction X. This allows continuity between the modules to be ensured and at the same time allows for consistent movements and tolerances to be accommodated between the modules.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the length of the auxiliary gasket seat 31 in the transverse direction Y, orthogonal to both the horizontal direction X and the vertical direction Z, is such as to ensure a relative movement between the first wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' in the transverse direction Y of at least two millimeters, preferably at least three millimeters. This also allows for the compensation of any disengagement or rotation movements about the horizontal axis X.

[0037] According to one embodiment, the first wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' extend in height along the vertical direction Z for a length of at least two floors of a building, preferably for a length greater than six meters.

[0038] According to one embodiment, the second frame 21' ismade at least partially or predominantly of wood.

[0039] According to one embodiment, the first frame 21' is made at least partially of predominantly of wood.

[0040] According to one embodiment, both the first frame 21 and the second frame 21' are made at least partially or predominantly of wood.

[0041] According to one embodiment, the first frame 21 and / or the second frame 21' may also be made of a material other than wood, and therefore be devoid of wood. For example, the first frame 21 and / or the second frame 21' may be made of steel or aluminum or a plastic material.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the first wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' comprise a first reinforced concrete slab 22 and a second reinforced concrete slab 22' joined to the first frame 21 and to the second frame 21', respectively .

[0043] According to one embodiment, each first slab 22 made of reinforced concrete and second slab 22' made of reinforced concrete is joined to an auxiliary slab made of plasterboard to ensure greater structural strength and at the same time to allow adequate fire resistance by virtue of the reinforced concrete.

[0044] The reinforced concrete is preferably reinforced with a fiberglass coating embedded in the cement.

[0045] According to one embodiment, the first wall module 2and the second wall module 2' comprise a first slab of fiberglass 25 and a second slab of fiberglass 25' joined to the first frame 21 and to the second frame 21', respectively, on the opposite side with respect to the first reinforced concrete slab 22 or with respect to the second reinforced concrete slab 22'.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the first wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' comprise a first cover 24 and a second cover 24', for example a sheet, respectively, which cover the first frame 21 and the second frame 21'. The first cover 24 or the second cover 24' is suitable for reducing or preventing the entry of air or water into the first frame 21 or the second frame 21', respectively.

[0047] The first cover 24 and the second cover 24' are preferably suitable for allowing the water vapor to pass from the first frame or the second frame to the external environment E.

[0048] The first cover 24 and the second cover 24' are preferably a sheet made of fiberglass or a polymer membrane.

[0049] The first cover 24 and the second cover 24' are preferably configured to have water vapor permeability according to the EN 12572 standard of below 0.2 m, preferably of between 0.08 and 0.1 m, preferably 0.09.

[0050] Preferably, the first cover 24 and the second cover24' are configured to have water impermeability according to the EN ISO 12572 standard of at least 450 g / m2 / 24h, preferably between 450 and 550 g / m2 / 24h, even more preferably about 500 g / m2 / 24h.

[0051] Preferably, the first cover 24 and the second cover 24' are both configured to exhibit the aforesaid water vapor permeability and water impermeability values simultaneously .

[0052] Preferably, the first cover 24 and the second cover 24' are configured to have a reaction-to-fire according to the EN 13501-1 standard at least in class B-sl,d0, preferably at least in class A2-sl,d0.

[0053] According to one embodiment, in the horizontal direction X, between the first metal profile 3 and the first frame 21 a first groove 7 is obtained that is at least partially filled with a layer of sealant material 71, for example a silicone material, which joins the first metal profile 3 and the first frame 21 and wherein between the second metal profile 3' and the second frame 21' a second groove 7' is obtained that is at least partially filled with a second layer of sealant material 71', for example a silicone material, which joins the second metal profile 3' and the second frame 21'.

[0054] According to one embodiment, the layer of sealant material 71, 71' is directly joined to the first cover 24and / or the second cover 24'.

[0055] Advantageously, when the layer of sealant material 71, 71' is a silicone material and the first cover 24 and / or the second cover 24' is a sheet comprising fiberglass, the union between the layer of sealant material 71, 71' and the first cover 24 and / or the second cover 24' makes it possible to obtain a first or second wall module 2' that is capable of satisfying one or more of the following tests, but also all of the following tests:

[0056] - permeability to air test for the UNI EN 12153:2002 classification;

[0057] - sealing under static pressure test for the UNI EN 12155:2002 classification;

[0058] - wind resistance under operating conditions test for the UNI EN 12179:2002 classification;

[0059] - permeability to air test for class confirmation after the wind test UNI EN 12153:2002;

[0060] - water leak test for class confirmation after the wind test UNI EN 12155:2002;

[0061] - water leakage under dynamic conditions test according to UNI EN 13050:2011;

[0062] - increased wind resistance test under safe conditions according to UNI EN 12179:2002.

[0063] Surprisingly, the aforesaid tests are passed despite using the first cover 24 and the second cover 24'configured according to the embodiments having the features of vapor permeability and water impermeability detailed within the preceding paragraphs.

[0064] According to one embodiment, the first groove 7 and / or the second groove 7' are at least partially also filled with a layer of expanded polymer foam 72.

[0065] According to one embodiment, the first metal profile 3 is fixed to the first frame 21 by means of first hardware 8, for example by means of screws or threaded rods or plugs or bolts.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the second metal profile 3' is fixed to the second frame 21' by means of second hardware 8', for example by means of screws or threaded rods.

[0067] According to one embodiment, also applicable in the case wherein the first frame 21 and / or the second frame 21' are also made of materials other than wood (e.g., aluminum or steel), the second metal profile 3' comprises a connection seat 35. Furthermore, a connection element 81 is accommodated (or suitable for being accommodated) with clearance in the connection seat 35 so that movement of the connection element 81 within the connection seat 35 is permitted, at least along the horizontal direction X. Such connection element 81 is also joined to the second frame 21'. By virtue of the connection element 81, a minimumrelative movement is permitted between the second metal profile 3' and the second frame 21', so as to further compensate for any tolerances both during the installation of the modules therebetween and, when installed, any thermal expansion or other deformation phenomena, such as wind or earthquakes or gravitational loads on the structural elements of the building.

[0068] According to one embodiment, the connection element 81 is accommodated in the connection seat 35 so that movement of the connection element 81 within the connection seat 35 is also permitted along the vertical direction Z.

[0069] According to one embodiment, the connection element 81 is accommodated in the connection seat 35 so that movement of the connection element 81 within the connection seat 35 is prevented along a transverse direction Y, orthogonal to both the horizontal direction X and the vertical direction Z. This makes it possible to retain the connection element 81 within the connection seat 35.

[0070] According to one embodiment, the connection element 81 is a profile having a connection portion 82 inserted into the connection seat 35 and a fixing portion 83 joined to the second frame 21'.

[0071] According to one embodiment, the fixing portion 83 isfixed to the first frame 21 by means of first hardware 8', for example by means of screws or threaded rods.

[0072] According to one embodiment, the connection seat 35 has an open box shape and is defined by a first retaining wall 351, and optionally also by a second retaining wall 352, suitable for preventing the connection portion 82 from escaping from the connection seat 35 in the transverse direction Y.

[0073] The connection portion 82 comprises a first flap 810, and optionally a second flap 811, suitable for engaging with the first retaining wall 351 or the second retaining wall 352, respectively.

[0074] Preferably, the connection portion 82 has a butterfly-shaped cross-section, wherein the first flap 810 and the second flap 811 correspond to the wings of a butterfly.

[0075] According to one embodiment, the connection element 81 is accommodated with clearance in the connection seat 35 so that movement of the connection element 81 along the horizontal direction X of at least two millimeters, preferably at least three millimeters, is permitted.

[0076] As shown in the accompanying figures, preferably, theopen box-shaped connection seat 35 is also defined by a left wall 353 and a right wall 354, joined to the first retaining wall 351 and a bottom wall 355 joined to the left wall 353 and to the right wall 354, respectively. A gap 400 is formed between the first flap 810 and the left wall 353 and between the second flap 811 and the right wall 354 that is suitable for allowing the connection element 81 to move freely within the connection seat 35 in the horizontal direction X.

[0077] The male element 31' is preferably suitable for sealingly moving into the auxiliary gasket seat 31 in the horizontal direction X and in a transverse direction Y, orthogonal to both the horizontal direction X and the vertical direction Z.

[0078] The male element 31' is preferably suitable for moving more in the horizontal direction X with respect to the transverse direction Y.

[0079] It is clear that a prefabricated facade or exterior wall 100 of a building, comprising a plurality of prefabricated assemblies according to any of the previously described embodiments, fixed to load-bearing structures of said building, is also an object of the present invention.

[0080] Furthermore, it is clear that per se a prefabricated wall module 2, 2', 2'' in one of the embodiments described above with reference to the first prefabricated wall module 2 or the second prefabricated wall module 2', is also an object of the present invention.

[0081] The prefabricated wall module according to the present invention thus comprises a first frame 21 extending in a vertical direction Z and a horizontal direction X and a first metal profile 3 extending predominantly along the vertical direction Z and fixed to the first frame 21. The first wall module 2 comprises a first sealing gasket 4 joined to the first metal profile 3 and extending predominantly along the vertical direction Z.

[0082] As already explained, such prefabricated wall module is intended to be arranged alongside other wall modules, at the peripheral edge 210 thereof, in order to form the exterior facade 100, so as to separate an inner environment I of a building from an external environment E when installed on the building.

[0083] In particular, therefore, one object of the present invention is per se a first prefabricated wall module 2 comprising a first frame 21 extending in a vertical direction Z and a horizontal direction X and a first metal profile 3 extending predominantly along the vertical direction Z and fixed to the first frame 21. Said firstwall module 2 comprises a first sealing gasket 4 joined to the first metal profile 3 and extending predominantly along the vertical direction Z.

[0084] The first wall module 2 is, as mentioned, suitable for being arranged alongside a second wall module 2' along the horizontal direction X, so that the first metal profile 3 faces a second metal profile 3' of the second wall module 2' and is spaced apart from the second metal profile 3' so that a gap 5 is formed therebetween.

[0085] The first sealing gasket 4 is suitable for coming into contact with a second sealing gasket 4' of the second wall module 2' in said gap 5 and for compensating for any installation tolerances in the uxtaposition between the first wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' and / or for allowing for any relative movement between the wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' along said horizontal direction X. The first metal profile 3 furthermore comprises a connection seat 35. Furthermore, a connection element 81 is suitable for being accommodated with clearance in the connection seat 35 so that movement of the connection element 81 within the connection seat 35 is permitted, at least along the horizontal direction X. Such connection element 81 is also suitable for being joined to the first frame 21.

[0086] According to one embodiment, the prefabricated wall module 2 comprises the first metal profile 3 fixed to the first frame 21 in proximity to the peripheral edge 210 of the first frame 21 and the first cement slab 22, preferably reinforced concrete, also extending in a vertical direction Z and a horizontal direction X, and joined to the first frame 21 on the side of the external environment E.

[0087] According to one embodiment, the prefabricated wall module 2 comprises the first cover 24, which predominantly or totally covers the first slab 22 on the side of the external environment E and which is suitable for reducing or preventing the entry of air or water into the first frame 21.

[0088] For example, the first cover 24 is directly joined to the first slab 22.

[0089] In one embodiment, the first cover predominantly or totally covers the first slab 22 and therefore, indirectly, also the first frame 21, given that such frame is arranged behind the first slab.

[0090] In one embodiment, the first cover 24 predominantly or totally covers the first slab 22 and also directly covers the first frame 21, for example because it is directly adhered to the first frame 21.

[0091] In one embodiment, the first cover 24 predominantlyor totally covers the first frame 21, for example because it is directly adhered to the first frame 21.

[0092] As already mentioned, according to one embodiment, the prefabricated wall module 2 anticipates that in the horizontal direction X, between the first metal profile 3 and the first frame 21, a first groove 7 is obtained that extends predominantly along the vertical direction Z and that is at least partially filled with a layer of sealing material 71 that joins the first metal profile 3 and the first cover 24, so that the union between the metal profile 3 and the first frame 21 is sealed. The sealing material 71 therefore indirectly joins the first metal profile 3 to the first frame 21 by means of the cover 24.

[0093] It is clear that all of the features and embodiments of the prefabricated wall module 2 mentioned in the embodiments described in this description, also with reference to the prefabricated group, apply similarly and independently to the prefabricated wall module 2.

[0094] Furthermore, the first wall module 2 is suitable for being arranged alongside a second wall module 2' along the horizontal direction X, so that the first metal profile 3 faces a second metal profile 3' and is spaced apart from the second metal profile 3' in order to form a gap 5 therebetween .

[0095] The first sealing gasket 4 is suitable for cominginto contact with a second sealing gasket 4' of the second wall module 2' in said gap 5 and for compensating for any installation tolerances in the juxtaposition between the first wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' and / or for allowing for any relative movement between the wall module 2 and the second wall module 2' along said horizontal direction X, for example caused by thermal expansion or other deformation phenomena.

[0096] Preferably, the first sealing gasket 4 and / or the second sealing gasket 4' each comprise a lip 41, 41' that is in contact with a lip of the other.

[0097] Preferably, for connection to the load-bearing structures of the building, each prefabricated module also comprises a structural hardware 9 for connecting the module to the load-bearing structures of the building. The structural hardware, such as threaded pins or screws, may be directly connected to the wooden frame 21, 21' or to the metal profiles 3, 3'.

[0098] It is clear that in this discussion, the horizontal direction X, vertical direction Z, and transverse direction Y must be understood in a direction that is relative to the module per se. In fact, what has been described may apply both to a junction region G between modules with a prevalent extension along a vertical direction Z parallel to the force of gravity, and to ajunction region G between modules with a prevalent horizontal extension X, perpendicular to the force of gravity. In fact, preferably, for the construction of a wall, the prefabricated modules have junction regions between modules in a similar manner in both the vertical direction Z and the horizontal direction X.

[0099] Additionally, therefore, according to an advantageous embodiment, the present invention, per se, also relates to a third prefabricated wall module 2'' which may similarly comprise the specific embodiments described above with reference to the first prefabricated wall module 2 or to the second prefabricated wall module 2' but which, while maintaining the previously employed definition of horizontal direction X and vertical direction Z, comprises in particular a fourth sealing gasket 40 which extends predominantly along the horizontal direction X. In particular, the third prefabricated wall module 2'' comprises a third frame 21'' extending in a vertical direction Z and a horizontal direction X and a third metal profile 3'' extending predominantly along the horizontal direction X and fixed to the third frame 21''.

[0100] Said third wall module 2'' comprises a third sealing gasket 4''' joined to the third metal profile 3'' and extending predominantly along the horizontal directionX.

[0101] Furthermore, said third wall module 2'' is suitable for being arranged alongside (i.e., above or below) the first wall module 2 or the second wall module 2' along the vertical direction Z such as to compose at least one portion of the exterior facade 100' and so that the third metal profile 3'' faces a fourth metal profile 3''' of the second wall module 2' or the first wall module 2 and is also spaced apart from the fourth metal profile 3''', so that an auxiliary gap 5' is formed therebetween.

[0102] Thus, according to one embodiment, for example shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4, the prefabricated group 1 comprises the third wall module 2'' which comprises a third frame 21'' extending in a vertical direction Z and a horizontal direction X and a third metal profile 3'', predominantly extending along the horizontal direction X and fixed to the third frame 21'', preferably along a perimeter edge of the third frame 21''. Said third wall module 2'' comprises a third sealing gasket 4''' joined to the third metal profile 3'' and extending predominantly along the horizontal direction X.

[0103] Furthermore, in this variant, the first wall module 2 comprises a fourth metal profile 3''' and a fourth sealing gasket 40 joined to the fourth metal profile 3''' and extending predominantly along the horizontal directionX.

[0104] Furthermore, in this variant, alternatively or together with the first wall module 2, the second wall module 2' comprises a fourth metal profile 3''' and a fourth sealing gasket 40 joined to the fourth metal profile 3''' and extending predominantly along the horizontal direction X.

[0105] The first wall module 2 and / or the second wall module 2' is therefore adjacent to the third wall module 2'' along the vertical direction Z to form at least one portion of the exterior facade 100' and so that the third metal profile 3'' faces the fourth metal profile 3''' and is spaced apart from the fourth metal profile 3''', so that an auxiliary gap 5' is formed therebetween.

[0106] The third sealing gasket 4''' and the fourth sealing gasket 40 are accommodated in said auxiliary gap 5' to be in mutual contact and are suitable for compensating for any installation tolerances in the juxtaposition between the first wall module 2 or the second wall module 2' with the third wall module 2'' and / or are suitable for allowing for any relative movement between the first wall module 2 or the second wall module 2' with the third wall module 2'' along said vertical direction Z, for example caused by thermal expansion or other deformation phenomena.

[0107] In this embodiment, the fourth metal profile3''' comprises an accessory connection seat 35'. Furthermore, an accessory connection element 81' is accommodated with clearance in the accessory connection seat 35' so that movement of the accessory connection element 81' inside the accessory connection seat 35' is allowed at least along the vertical direction Z. Such accessory connection element 81' is also joined to the second frame 21', preferably integrally fixed to the second frame 21'.

[0108] According to one advantageous embodiment, the third metal profile 3'' or the fourth metal profile 3'’’ comprises an accessory sealing seat 32 suitable for accommodating an accessory sealing gasket 42. If it is the fourth metal profile that comprises the accessory sealing seat 32 (as shown in Figure 3 and 4), then the third metal profile 3'' comprises an accessory male element 33 that protrudes in the vertical direction Z and that supports the accessory sealing gasket 42 in the accessory sealing seat 32.

[0109] If, on the other hand, it is the third metal profile 3'' that comprises the accessory sealing seat 32, then the fourth metal profile 3'’’ comprises an accessory male element 33 that protrudes in the vertical direction Z and that supports the accessory sealing gasket 42 in the accessory sealing seat 32.

[0110] Advantageously, in both cases, the seal obtained from the coupling between the accessory sealing gasket 42 and the accessory sealing seat 32 takes place more internally than the seal obtained from the coupling between the auxiliary sealing gasket 4'' and the auxiliary sealing seat 31, in the direction between the external environment E and the internal environment I. This advantageously allows for further ensuring that water due to rain impacting upon the prefabricated modules, should it reach the auxiliary gasket seat 31 and be channeled by gravity toward the third wall module 2'’, will be further prevented from proceeding towards the internal environment I by said accessory sealing gasket 42.

[0111] Preferably, the auxiliary sealing gasket 4'' lies on a first imaginary plane P arranged more towards the external environment E with respect to a second imaginary plane Pl whereupon the accessory sealing gasket 42 lies.

[0112] Preferably, the male element 31' lies on a first imaginary plane P arranged more towards the external environment E with respect to a second imaginary plane Pl whereon the accessory male element 33 lies.

[0113] It should be noted that in this discussion, when reference is made to a wooden frame, such as the first frame 21, the second frame 21' and the third frame 21'',reference is made to a wooden structure that may assume various configurations, both in the form of a panel and in the form of a box-shaped or frame-shaped structure with uprights and cell-forming crosspieces. In a preferred embodiment, in particular, the prefabricated module anticipates that the wooden frame, e.g., the first frame 21 and / or the second frame 21' and / or the third frame 21'' is / are a cell-forming wooden frame whereinto an insulating material other than wood is inserted, is suitable for thermal and acoustic insulation, e.g., glass wool and / or rock wool and / or an expanded polymeric material.

[0114] Innovatively, the prefabricated structure, the prefabricated module and the prefabricated wall or exterior facade, object of the present invention, largely fulfill the intended purpose, overcoming those problems that are typical of the prior art.

[0115] Advantageously, with the present invention it is possible to make prefabricated walls and facades, also made at least partially of wood, using large prefabricated panels as if they were facade cells, managing the movements and tolerances of the junction regions between modules as if it were a continuous prefabricated module facade, but without the need for exterior seals and thus being able to greatly expand the range of applicability.

[0116] In fact, by virtue of the junction regions withgaps and gaskets that allow movements and tolerances to be accommodated, the prefabricated modules may also be used in multi-story buildings or in any case buildings that are affected by significant movements of the structures in the three dimensions, which is not feasible with traditional prefabricated wooden panels. This, moreover, while continuing to maintain the water and wind resistance requirements required by current regulations.

[0117] Advantageously, moreover, interventions at the construction site are minimized and it is possible to have a flexible system for adapting to various aesthetic- architectural design configurations.

[0118] Further advantageously, safety for operators on the construction site is increased, insofar as they do not have to perform onerous sealing or safety operations at altitude.

[0119] Furthermore, regardless of the composition of the modules for the construction of the wall, the joining region between the modules remains unchanged thereby ensuring continuity between metal profiles and wooden elements.

[0120] According to one advantageous embodiment, a prefabricated module extends to the measure of three meters by eight meters, affecting up to two floors of the building despite ensuring the possibility of standard transport,without the aid of exceptional means.

[0121] Additionally, in addition to lifting means for moving the panels, the installation requires only operators from inside the building, thus managing to ensure the highest standards in terms of safety and risk minimization .

[0122] Furthermore, in a manner that is innovative per se, by virtue of the connection element 81 accommodated with clearance in the connection seat 35, installation among modules is facilitated by the possibility of compensating for installation tolerances. Furthermore, once the modules have been installed, such clearance allows any further movement to be tolerated between the metal profile and the wall module frame.

[0123] According to one advantageous embodiment, moreover, between two successive prefabricated modules there is a technical space T, arranged to the rear of the male element 31', which is useful, for example, for accommodating the passage of installation cables for electrically or thermally supplying said module.

[0124] Advantageously, the module is scalable in size according to contingent needs.

[0125] In a further advantageous way, the joining of a wooden frame, a concrete slab and a cover suitable for reducing or preventing the entry of air or water into thewooden frame, together with a metal profile for the junction between modules, makes it possible, in a surprising manner, and for the first time, facade performance that is capable of passing UNI EN tests for the certification of facades for resistance to atmospheric agents despite using wooden frames.

[0126] Advantageously, moreover, this allows prefabricated facades to be obtained that are made of sustainable, lightweight materials and that ensure the required performance in terms of thermal insulation.

[0127] It is clear that a person skilled in the art may make changes to the invention in order to meet contingent needs, said changes all falling within the scope of protection as defined in the following claims.

Claims

Claims1. A prefabricated group (1), for the construction of a prefabricated exterior facade (100) of a building, comprising : a first prefabricated wall module (2), comprising a first frame (21) made at least partially of wood and extending in a vertical direction (Z) and a horizontal direction (X), and a first metal profile (3), predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z) and fixed to the first frame (21), wherein said first wall module (2) comprises a first sealing gasket (4) joined to the first metal profile (3) and predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z); a second prefabricated wall module (2'), comprising a second frame (21') which extends in a vertical direction (Z) and a horizontal direction (X), and a second metal profile (3'), predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z) and fixed to the second frame (21'), wherein said second wall module (2') comprises a second sealing gasket (4') joined to the second metal profile (3') and predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z); wherein the first wall module (2) is arranged alongside the second wall module (2') along the horizontal direction (X) to form at least one exterior facade portion (100') and so that the first metal profile (3) faces the secondmetal profile (3') and is spaced apart from the second metal profile (3'), so that a gap (5) is formed therebetween, wherein the first sealing gasket (4) and the second sealing gasket (4') are accommodated in said gap (5) to be in mutual contact and are suitable for compensating for any installation tolerances in the juxtaposition between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') and / or allowing for any relative movement between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') along said horizontal direction (X).

2. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 1, wherein the second frame (21') is also made at least partially or predominantly of wood.

3. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first metal profile (3) comprises an auxiliary gasket seat (31) suitable for accommodating an auxiliary sealing gasket (4, f), and wherein the second metal profile (3') comprises a male element (31') which protrudes in the horizontal direction (X) and supports the auxiliary sealing gasket (4, f) in the auxiliary gasket seat (31).

4. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 3, wherein the male element (31') protrudes in the horizontal direction (X) over a length at least equal to or greater than the length (L) of the gap (5) in the horizontaldirection (X).

5. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the length (L) of the gap (5) in the horizontal direction (X) is such as to ensure a relative movement between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') of at least 5 millimeters, preferably of at least 15 millimeters, in the horizontal direction (X).

6. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the length of the auxiliary gasket seat (31) in a transverse direction (Y), orthogonal to both the horizontal direction (X) and the vertical direction (Z), is such as to ensure a relative movement between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') in the transverse direction (Y) of at least two millimeters, preferably of at least three millimeters.

7. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') extend in height along the vertical direction (Z) over a length of at least two floors of a building, preferably over a length greater than six meters.

8. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') comprise a first reinforcedconcrete slab (22) and a second reinforced concrete slab (22'), respectively, joined to the first frame (21) and the second frame (21'), preferably a reinforced concrete with a coating made of fiberglass embedded in the concrete.

9. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') comprise a first cover (24) and a second cover (24’), respectively, for example a sheet, covering the first frame (21) and the second frame (21'), respectively, the first cover (24) or the second cover (24') suitable for reducing or preventing the entry of air or water into the first frame (21) or the second frame (21'), respectively.

10. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 9, wherein the first cover (24) and the second cover (24') are impermeable to water from the external environment (E) toward the first frame or the second frame and are suitable for allowing water vapor to pass from the first frame or second frame to the external environment (E).

11. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 9, wherein the first cover (24) and the second cover (24') are a sheet made of fiberglass or a polymer membrane.

12. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the horizontal direction (X), between the first metal profile (3) and the first frame(21), a first groove (7) filled at least partially with a silicone material layer (71) joining the first metal profile (3) and the first frame (21) is obtained, and wherein between the second metal profile (3') and the second frame (21') a second groove (7’) filled at least partially with a second silicone material layer (71') joining the second metal profile (3') and the second frame (21) is obtained.

13. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 12, wherein the first groove (7) and the second groove (7’) are also filled at least partially with a layer of expanded polymer foam (72, 72').

14. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first metal profile (3) is fixed to the first frame (21) by means of first hardware, for example by means of screws or threaded rods, and wherein the second metal profile (3') is fixed to the second frame (21') by means of second hardware, for example by means of screws or threaded rods.

15. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a third prefabricated wall module (2'') comprising a third frame (21’’) which extends in a vertical direction (Z) and a horizontal direction (X) and a third metal profile (3, f) predominantly extending along the horizontal direction (X) and fixed to the thirdframe (21''), wherein said third wall module (2,') comprises a third sealing gasket (4''') joined to the third metal profile (3,') and predominantly extending along the horizontal direction (X); wherein the first wall module (2) or the second wall module (2') comprises a fourth metal profile (3''') and a fourth sealing gasket (40) joined to the fourth metal profile (3''') and predominantly extending along the horizontal direction (X); wherein the first wall module (2) or the second wall module (2') is arranged next to the third wall module (2'') along the vertical direction (Z) to form at least one exterior facade portion (100') and so that the third metal profile (3'') faces the fourth metal profile (3''') and is spaced apart from the fourth metal profile (3'''), so that an auxiliary gap (5) is formed therebetween, wherein the third sealing gasket (4''') and the fourth sealing gasket (40) are accommodated in said auxiliary gap (5') to be in mutual contact therebetween and are suitable for compensating for any installation tolerances when arranging the first wall module (2) or the second wall module (2') next to the third wall module (2'') and / or allowing for any relative movement between the first wall module (2) or the second wall module (2') with the third wall module (2,') along said vertical direction (Z), forexample caused by thermal expansion or other deformation phenomena.

16. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 15, wherein the third metal profile (3, f) or the fourth metal profile (3''') comprises an accessory sealing seat (32) suitable for accommodating an accessory sealing gasket (42), and wherein the fourth metal profile (3'’’) or the third metal profile (3, f) comprises an accessory male element (33) which extends in the vertical direction (Z) and supports the accessory sealing gasket (42) in the accessory gasket seat (32), and wherein the seal obtained by the coupling between the accessory sealing gasket (42) and the accessory gasket seat (32) occurs more internally than the seal obtained by the coupling between the auxiliary sealing gasket (4, f) and the auxiliary gasket seat (31), in the direction between external environment (E) and internal environment (I).

17. A prefabricated exterior wall or facade (100) of a building, comprising a plurality of prefabricated assemblies (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, fixed to load-bearing structures of the building.

18. A prefabricated wall module (2, 2'), comprising a first frame (21) which extends in a vertical direction (Z) and a horizontal direction (X) and a first metal profile (3), predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z)and fixed to the first frame (21), wherein said wall module(2) comprises a first sealing gasket (4) joined to the first metal profile (3) and predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z); wherein the first wall module (2) is suitable for being arranged next to the second wall module (2') along the horizontal direction (X), so that the first metal profile(3) faces a second metal profile (3') and is spaced apart from the second metal profile (3') for the formation of a gap (5) therebetween, wherein the first sealing gasket (4) is suitable for coming into contact with a second sealing gasket (4') of the second wall module (2') in said gap (5) and compensating for any installation tolerances in the uxtaposition between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') and / or allowing for any relative movement between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') along said horizontal direction (X), for example caused by thermal expansion or other deformation phenomena.

19. Prefabricated wall module (2) according to claim 18, wherein the first frame (21) is made at least partially or predominantly of wood, and wherein the wall module (2) comprises a first cover (24) covering the first frame (21) suitable for reducing or preventing the ingress of waterinto the first frame (21) from the external environment (E) and allowing water vapor to pass from the first frame to the external environment (E).

20. A prefabricated group (1), for the construction of a prefabricated exterior facade (100) of a building, comprising : a first prefabricated wall module (2), comprising a first frame (21) extending in a vertical direction (Z) and a horizontal direction (X), and a first metal profile (3), predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z) and fixed to the first frame (21), wherein said first wall module (2) comprises a first sealing gasket (4) joined to the first metal profile (3) and predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z); a second prefabricated wall module (2'), comprising a second frame (21') which extends in a vertical direction (Z) and a horizontal direction (X), and a second metal profile (3'), predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z) and fixed to the second frame (21'), wherein said second wall module (2') comprises a second sealing gasket (4') joined to the second metal profile (3') and predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z); wherein the first wall module (2) is arranged alongside the second wall module (2') along the horizontal direction(X) to form at least one exterior facade portion (100')and so that the first metal profile (3) faces the second metal profile (3') and is spaced apart from the second metal profile (3'), so that a gap (5) is formed therebetween, wherein the first sealing gasket (4) and the second sealing gasket (4') are accommodated in said gap (5) to be in mutual contact and are suitable for compensating for any installation tolerances in the juxtaposition between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') and / or allowing for any relative movement between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') along said horizontal direction (X), wherein the second metal profile (3') comprises a connection seat (35), and wherein the prefabricated group comprises a connection element (81) accommodated with clearance in the connection seat (35) so that movement of the connection element (81) within the connection seat (35) is permitted, at least along the horizontal direction (X) said connection element (81) also being joined to the second frame (21').

21. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 20, wherein the connection element (81) is accommodated with clearance in the connection seat (35) so that both movement of the connection element (81) within the connection seat (35) and also along the vertical direction (Z) is permitted.

22. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the connection element (81) is accommodated with clearance in the connection seat (35) so that movement of the connection element (81) within the connection seat 35 is prevented along a transverse direction Y, orthogonal to both the horizontal direction X and the vertical direction Z.

23. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the claims from 20 or 22, wherein the connection element (81) is a profile having a connection portion (82) inserted into the connection seat (35) and a fixing portion (83) joined to the second frame (21').

24. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 23, wherein the fixing portion (83) is fixed to the second frame (21') by means of first hardware (8'), for example by means of screws or threaded bars.

25. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the connection seat (35) has an open box shape and is defined by a first retaining wall (351), and optionally also by a second retaining wall (352), suitable for preventing the connection portion (82) from escaping from the connection seat (35) in the transverse direction (Y), and wherein the connection portion (82) comprises a first flap (810) and / or a second flap (811), suitable for engaging with the first retaining wall (351) or the secondretaining wall (352), respectively.

26. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 25, wherein the connection portion (82) has a butterfly-shaped crosssection, wherein the first flap (810) and the second flap (811) correspond to the wings of a butterfly.

27. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the claims from 20 to 26, wherein the connection element (81) is accommodated with clearance in the connection seat (35) so that movement of the connection element (81) along the horizontal direction (X) of at least two millimeters, preferably at least three millimeters, is permitted.

28. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 25 or 26 and claim 27, wherein the open box-shaped connection seat (35) is also defined by a left wall (353) and a right wall (354), joined to the first retaining wall (351) and a bottom wall (355) joined to the left wall (353) and to the right wall (354), respectively, and wherein a gap (400) is formed between the first flap(810) and the left wall (353) and between the second flap(811) and the right wall (354) that is suitable for allowing the connection element (81) to move freely within the connection seat (35) in the horizontal direction X.

29. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the claims from 20 to 28, wherein the first metal profile (3) comprises an auxiliary gasket seat (31) suitable foraccommodating an auxiliary sealing gasket (4'') and wherein the second metal profile (3') comprises a male element (31') which extends in the horizontal direction(X) and supports the auxiliary sealing gasket (4'') in the auxiliary sealing seat (31), and wherein the male element (31') is suitable for sealingly moving into the auxiliary gasket seat (31) in the horizontal direction (X) and in a transverse direction(Y), orthogonal to both the horizontal direction (X) and the vertical direction (Z).

30. Prefabricated group (1) according to claim 29, wherein the male element (31') is suitable for moving more in the horizontal direction (X) with respect to the transverse direction (Y).

31. Prefabricated group (1) according to any one of the claims from 20 to 30, comprising a third prefabricated wall module (2'') comprising a third frame (21'') that extends in a vertical direction (Z) and a horizontal direction (X) and a third metal profile (3''), predominantly extending along the horizontal direction (X) and fixed to the third frame (21''), wherein said third wall module (2'') comprises a third sealing gasket (4''') joined to the third metal profile (3'') and extending predominantly along the horizontal direction (X); wherein the first wall module (2) or the second wall module(2') comprises a fourth metal profile (3''') and a fourth sealing gasket (40) joined to the fourth metal profile (3''') and extending predominantly along the horizontal direction (X); wherein the first wall module (2) or the second wall module (2') is arranged next to the third wall module (2'') along the vertical direction (Z) to form at least one exterior facade portion (100') and so that the third metal profile (3'') faces the fourth metal profile (3''') and is spaced apart from the fourth metal profile (3'''), so that an auxiliary gap (5') is formed therebetween, wherein the third sealing gasket (4''') and the fourth sealing gasket (40) are accommodated in said auxiliary gap (5') to be in mutual contact therebetween and are suitable for compensating for any installation tolerances when arranging the first wall module (2) or the second wall module (2') next to the third wall module (2'') and / or allowing for any relative movement between the first wall module (2) or the second wall module (2') with the third wall module (2, f) along said vertical direction (Z), and wherein the fourth metal profile (3''') comprises an accessory connection seat (35'), and wherein the prefabricated group comprises an accessory connection element (81') accommodated with clearance in the connection seat (35') so that both movement of theaccessory connection element (81') within the connection seat (35') and also along the vertical direction (Z) is permitted, said accessory connection element (81') being furthermore joined to the second frame (21').

32. Prefabricated exterior wall or fagade (100) of a building, comprising a plurality of prefabricated assemblies (1) according to any one of the claims from 20 to 31, fixed to a load-bearing structure of the building.

33. A prefabricated wall module (2), comprising a first frame (21) which extends in a vertical direction (Z) and a horizontal direction (X) and a first metal profile (3), predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z) and fixed to the first frame (21), wherein said wall module (2) comprises a first sealing gasket (4) joined to the first metal profile (3) and predominantly extending along the vertical direction (Z); wherein the wall module (2) is suitable for being arranged next to the second wall module (2') along the horizontal direction (X), so that the first metal profile (3) faces a second metal profile (3') of the second wall module (2') and is spaced apart from the second metal profile (3') for the formation of a gap (5) therebetween, wherein the first sealing gasket (4) is suitable for coming into contact with a second sealing gasket (4') of the second module (2') in said gap (5) and compensating forany installation tolerances in the juxtaposition between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') and / or allowing for any relative movement between the first wall module (2) and the second wall module (2') along said horizontal direction (X), and wherein said first metal profile (3) comprises a connection seat (35), and wherein the wall module (2) comprises a connection element (81) that is suitable for being accommodated with clearance in the connection seat (35) so that movement of the connection element (81) within the connection seat (35) is permitted, at least along the horizontal direction (X), said connection element (81) also being joined to the first frame (21).

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