Material tray device and 3D printer

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and is intended to solve the technical problems during the operation of some known material trays, such as poor adhesion reliability between a model and a forming platform and difficulty in separation from a release film. Provided are a material tray device and a 3D printer. The material tray device comprises an outer frame, a release film assembly, and an air path assembly. The outer frame is provided with an inner cavity. The release film assembly comprises a release film and a sealing film. The release film and the inner cavity form a material tray. The sealing film is disposed on a side of the release film away from the outer frame, and the sealing film and the release film enclose to form a chamber. The air path assembly is in communication with the chamber and is configured to inflate or draw air out of the chamber to change the size of the chamber, thereby driving the release film to deform in a direction toward or away from the forming platform. The beneficial effects of the present application are improving printing efficiency and printing quality.

Description

Trough device and 3D printer

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202420431016.7 filed on March 5, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and more specifically, to a trough device and a 3D printer. Background Art

[0004] In existing stereolithography 3D printers, the build platform is separated from the hopper, which holds the consumables. The model is formed between the build platform and the release film in the hopper. During printing, the gap between the build platform and the release film is often uneven, resulting in poor adhesion between the model and the build platform and difficulty separating the model from the release film. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a trough device and a 3D printer to solve the technical problems of poor bonding reliability between the model and the molding platform and difficulty in separating from the release film when some known troughs are working.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a trough device for being arranged on one side of a forming platform, the trough device comprising an outer frame, a release film assembly, and an air circuit assembly. The outer frame is provided with an inner cavity. The release film assembly comprises a release film and a sealing film, the release film and the inner cavity forming a trough, the sealing film being arranged on a side of the release film away from the outer frame, and the sealing film and the release film forming a chamber. The air circuit assembly is connected to the chamber and is configured to inflate or evacuate the chamber to change the size of the chamber, thereby causing the release film to deform in a direction closer to or away from the forming platform.

[0008] In one possible implementation:

[0009] The release film assembly further includes a separator, which is disposed between the release film and the sealing film and located at edges of the release film and the sealing film to form the cavity between the release film and the sealing film.

[0010] In one possible implementation:

[0011] The separator is annular, and an avoidance groove is provided on the inner side of the separator. A first air inlet is provided on the edge of the sealing membrane. The first air inlet is arranged opposite to the avoidance groove, and the first air inlet connects the air path assembly and the chamber.

[0012] In one possible implementation:

[0013] The release film assembly further includes a first pressing piece and a second pressing piece, the first pressing piece and the second pressing piece are spaced apart, and the edges of the release film and the sealing film are fixedly connected between the first pressing piece and the second pressing piece.

[0014] In one possible implementation:

[0015] The first pressing part is provided with an air inlet channel, the sealing film is provided with a first air inlet hole, one end of the air inlet channel is connected to the chamber through the first air inlet hole, and the other end of the air inlet channel is connected to the air path component.

[0016] In one possible implementation:

[0017] The first pressing part is provided with an air groove, the opening of the air groove is arranged opposite to the first air inlet hole, the sealing film covers the opening of the air groove, and the first pressing part is also provided with a second air inlet hole, one end of the second air inlet hole is connected to the air groove, and the other end is connected to the air path component, and the air groove and the second air inlet hole together form the air inlet channel.

[0018] In one possible implementation:

[0019] The first pressing piece is annular, and the air groove is an annular groove extending along the circumference of the surface of the first pressing piece.

[0020] In one possible implementation:

[0021] The bottom surface of the outer frame is provided with a mounting groove, and the release film assembly is installed in the mounting groove.

[0022] In one possible implementation:

[0023] The air circuit assembly includes: a pump body, which is connected to the chamber through a pipeline; a detection component, which is connected to the pipeline and is used to detect the air pressure in the chamber; a controller, which is connected to the detection component and the pump body, and is used to receive the air pressure detected by the detection component, and the controller is used to control the pump body to evacuate or inflate.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present application provides a 3D printer comprising the aforementioned trough device and a molding platform, wherein the molding platform is movably disposed on a side of the release film facing away from the sealing film. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printer according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0027] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG1 .

[0028] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the trough device in FIG1 .

[0029] FIG4 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the trough device in FIG1 .

[0030] FIG5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure of point A in FIG4 .

[0031] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the first pressing member, the sealing film and the separator of the trough device in FIG1 .

[0032] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing membrane and the partition of the trough device in FIG1 .

[0033] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the first pressing part of the trough device in FIG1 .

[0034] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a trough device according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0035] FIG10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure of point B in FIG9 .

[0036] Description of main component symbols: DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0038] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be an element centered therein. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may also be an element centered therein. When an element is considered to be "set on" another element, it may be directly set on the other element or there may also be an element centered therein. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0040] Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features of the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0041] 1 and 2 , this embodiment provides a 3D printer 200 , including a trough device 100 , a driving device 205 , a middle plate 202 , a printing screen 204 , and a molding platform 201 .

[0042] The printing screen 204 is arranged on the middle plate 202, the material trough device 100 is located above the printing screen 204, the material trough device 100 is used to carry the photocurable consumables, the forming platform 201 is connected to the driving device 205, and the printing screen 204 is arranged below the material trough device 100. The forming platform 201 can move relative to the material trough device 100 under the drive of the driving device 205.

[0043] The driving device 205 can be specifically configured as a linear module, a driving motor, etc.

[0044] 3 to 5 , the trough device 100 includes an outer frame 10, a release film assembly 20, and an air circuit assembly 30. The outer frame 10 is provided with an inner cavity 11. The release film assembly 20 includes a release film 21 and a sealing film 22. The release film 21 and the inner cavity 11 form a trough. The sealing film 22 is provided on the side of the release film 21 away from the outer frame 10. The sealing film 22 and the release film 21 form a chamber 23 (see FIG5 ). The air circuit assembly 30 is connected to the chamber 23 and is configured to inflate or evacuate the chamber 23 to change the size of the chamber 23, thereby causing the release film 21 to deform toward or away from the forming platform 201.

[0045] When the trough device 100 of this embodiment is working, during the printing process, when the position of the forming platform 201 relative to the release film 21 is inaccurate, or the release film 21 is bent under the gravity of the consumables, and the distance between the forming platform 201 and the release film 21 is uneven, the air path assembly 30 inflates the chamber 23 to expand the chamber 23, thereby deforming the release film 21 and keeping the distance between the release film 21 and the forming platform 201 at all locations roughly the same, so that the model formed by the solidification of the consumables can be stably adhered to the surface of the forming platform 201, thereby improving the printing reliability of the model. After printing is completed, when the building platform 201 moves away from the release film 21, the air circuit assembly 30 evacuates the chamber 23, causing the chamber 23 to shrink, thereby causing the release film 21 to sag in the direction away from the model, forming a negative pressure in the chamber 23, which is conducive to separating the model from the release film 21. At the same time, the sealing film 22 is dented in the direction close to the model, forming a negative pressure in the space between the sealing film 22 and the printing screen 204, reducing the release force required to separate the model from the release film 21, increasing the model release speed, and improving printing efficiency.

[0046] At the same time, when the release film 21 is accidentally damaged, the sealing film 22 can still play the role of supporting the consumables, so as to slow down the leakage speed of the consumables from the inner cavity 11, or even prevent the consumables from leaking from the inner cavity 11.

[0047] In addition, when printing a model with a large area, the trough device 100 of the present application can still ensure the rapid separation of the model and the release film 21, which can further improve the printing efficiency of the large-area model.

[0048] During the actual printing process, as the light-curing printing proceeds, the air circuit assembly 30 can also perform air extraction according to actual printing requirements, so that the air pressure in the chamber 23 gradually drops to the standard atmospheric pressure, and the release film 21 returns to its natural state, which is conducive to the smooth and normal printing.

[0049] In addition, in this embodiment, the molding platform 201 can be located above the trough device 100 or below the trough device 100. The positional relationship between the molding platform 201 and the trough device 100 can be adjusted according to the design requirements of the 3D printer 200. Regardless of the positional relationship, the trough device 100 of this embodiment can adjust the distance between the release film 21 and the molding platform 201 through the air path assembly 30, and improve printing reliability.

[0050] In this embodiment, the release film 21 can be set as an existing fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP), a specially treated FEP film, an anti-fingerprint film (AF) or other fluorine-containing film. In other embodiments, the release film 21 can also be set as other film materials used for photocuring printing.

[0051] The sealing film 22 may also be a conventional fluorine-containing film such as FEP, NFEP, or AF, or a film with high light transmittance, such as a highly light-transmitting plastic film. In other embodiments, the sealing film 22 may also be other film materials used for photocuring printing.

[0052] In this embodiment, referring to FIG4 , the release film assembly 20 is disposed on one side of the outer frame 10. In other embodiments, the release film assembly 20 may also be disposed in the inner cavity 11, with the edge of the release film assembly 20 embedded in the outer frame 10. The connection method between the release film assembly 20 and the outer frame 10 can be set according to actual needs and is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0053] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 3 and 5, the release film assembly 20 also includes a separator 24, which is arranged between the release film 21 and the sealing film 22 and located at the edges of the release film 21 and the sealing film 22 to form a chamber 23 between the release film 21 and the sealing film 22.

[0054] The edges of the release film 21 and the sealing film 22 are supported by the separator 24, so that the release film assembly 20 still has a chamber 23 in a natural state, preventing the release film 21 from sagging to the sealing film 22 under the action of its own gravity, ensuring that the chamber 23 has a certain volume in the initial state, reducing the pressure on the release film 21 when the air path assembly 30 is inflated, and extending the service life of the release film 21.

[0055] The separator 24 can be sealed to the release film 21 and the sealing film 22 by various sealing methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0056] Optionally, the separator 24 has a thickness of 0.01 mm to ensure separation between the release film 21 and the sealing film 22. Advantageously, the thickness of the separator 24 can be set between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm. For example, the thickness of the separator 24 can be set to 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.10 mm, 0.11 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.13 mm, 0.14 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.16 mm, 0.17 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.19 mm, 0.20 mm, etc. In other embodiments, the thickness of the separator 24 can be set to be greater than 0.2 mm.

[0057] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 6 and 7, the partition 24 is annular, and an avoidance groove 241 is provided on the inner side of the partition 24. A first air inlet hole 221 is provided on the edge of the sealing membrane 22. The first air inlet hole 221 is arranged opposite to the avoidance groove 241. The first air inlet hole 221 connects the air path assembly 30 and the chamber 23.

[0058] The annular separator 24 can reliably separate the release film 21 and the sealing film 22. The first air inlet 221 and the avoidance groove 241 can facilitate the communication between the chamber 23 and the air path assembly 30.

[0059] 6 , there are multiple avoidance grooves 241 , and multiple avoidance grooves 241 are evenly distributed on both sides of the partition 24 . In other embodiments, the multiple avoidance grooves 241 can also be arranged around the inner side of the partition 24 .

[0060] In other embodiments of the present application, the separator 24 may also be configured as a plurality of independent sheets, and the avoidance groove 241 is provided on a side of the sheet facing away from the edge of the release film 21 .

[0061] In other embodiments of the present application, a vent hole may also be provided on the partition 24, and the vent hole may be arranged directly opposite the first air inlet hole 221, so that the air path assembly 30 can be connected to the chamber 23 through the first air inlet hole 221 and the vent hole. Furthermore, the avoidance groove 241 and the first air inlet hole 221 may also be arranged in a partially corresponding manner, as long as the chamber 23 and the air path assembly 30 can be connected.

[0062] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 3 to 5, the release film assembly 20 further includes a first pressing member 25 and a second pressing member 26. The first pressing member 25 and the second pressing member 26 are spaced apart, and the edges of the release film 21 and the sealing film 22 are fixedly connected between the first pressing member 25 and the second pressing member 26. In this way, the first pressing member 25 and the second pressing member 26 can firmly fix the edges of the release film 21 and the sealing film 22, so that during the air circuit assembly 30's vacuuming or inflation process, the edges of the release film 21 and the sealing film 22 can maintain a reliably sealed connection. In addition, by providing the first pressing member 25 and the second pressing member 26, the release film assembly 20 can form a separate integral body, reducing the assembly difficulty of the trough device 100, improving the assembly efficiency of the trough device 100, and also facilitating the replacement of the release film assembly 20.

[0063] Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the release film 21 and the sealing film 22 can also be fixed to the outer frame 10 via a separate fixing structure. In this way, the top surface of the release film 21 abuts against the outer frame 10, and the outer frame 10 and the release film assembly 20 form a whole. Therefore, the connection structure between the release film assembly 20 and the outer frame 10 can be adjusted according to actual needs and is not specifically limited in this application.

[0064] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 5 and 8 , the first pressing member 25 is provided with an air inlet channel 251, and the sealing membrane 22 is provided with a first air inlet hole 221. One end of the air inlet channel 251 communicates with the chamber 23 through the first air inlet hole 221, and the other end of the air inlet channel 251 communicates with the air path assembly 30. This ensures a reliable seal between the air path assembly 30 and the chamber 23.

[0065] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 5 and 6 , the first pressing member 25 is provided with an air groove 252, the opening of which is arranged opposite the first air inlet hole 221. The sealing film 22 covers the opening of the air groove 252. The first pressing member 25 is also provided with a second air inlet hole 253. One end of the second air inlet hole 253 communicates with the air groove 252, and the other end communicates with the air path assembly 30. The air groove 252 and the second air inlet hole 253 together form an air inlet channel 251. Thus, the air path assembly 30 is sequentially connected to the chamber 23 via the second air inlet hole 253, the air groove 252, and the first air inlet hole 221.

[0066] In this embodiment, referring to FIG8 , the air groove 252 is formed on the surface of the first pressing member 25. This reduces the difficulty of the first pressing member 25 and improves the efficiency of air extraction and inflation. In other embodiments, the air inlet channel 251 can also be provided inside the first pressing member 25. Therefore, the specific structure of the air inlet channel 251 can be adjusted according to actual processing requirements and air extraction and inflation requirements.

[0067] In this embodiment, referring to FIG8 , the second air inlet hole 253 is provided through the thickness direction of the first pressing member 25 and is adjacent to and communicates with the air groove 252. In other embodiments, the second air inlet hole 253 may also be provided along the side of the first pressing member 25 and communicate with the side of the air groove 252.

[0068] In this embodiment, a plurality of second air inlet holes 253 may be provided. The plurality of second air inlet holes 253 can improve the uniformity of air extraction and inflation, so as to make the release film 21 deform uniformly.

[0069] In this embodiment, referring to FIG3 , the first pressing member 25 is annular, and the air groove 252 is an annular groove extending circumferentially along the surface of the first pressing member 25. Thus, during inflation, gas passes through the second air inlet 253 and then enters the air groove 252. The gas entering the annular air groove 252 is evenly distributed into the chamber 23, allowing gas to enter the chamber 23 from all locations within the annular air groove 252, further improving inflation uniformity.

[0070] In this embodiment, the shapes of the first pressing member 25 and the second pressing member 26 are both the same as the edge shape of the release film 21 , so as to ensure the reliability of the pressing between the release film 21 and the sealing film 22 .

[0071] In this embodiment, referring to FIG3 , the release film 21 is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes 211, the sealing film 22 is provided with a plurality of second fixing holes 222, the first pressing member 25 is provided with a third fixing hole 254, and the second pressing member 26 is provided with a fourth fixing hole 261. The release film assembly 20 further includes a first locking member 271 (see FIG3 and FIG10 ). The first locking member 271 sequentially passes through the fourth fixing hole 261, the second fixing hole 222, the separator 24, and the first fixing hole 211, and is fixedly connected to the third fixing hole 254 to seal and secure the edges of the release film 21 and the sealing film 22.

[0072] The first locking member 271 can be specifically configured as a bolt. In other embodiments, the first pressing member 25 can also be connected to the second pressing member 26 by welding.

[0073] In this embodiment, referring to FIG3 , the first pressing member 25 further comprises a fifth fixing hole 255, the second pressing member 26 further comprises a sixth fixing hole 262, the release film 21 further comprises a seventh fixing hole 212, and the sealing film 22 further comprises an eighth fixing hole 223. The fifth fixing hole 255 is staggered with the third fixing hole 254, the sixth fixing hole 262 is staggered with the fourth fixing hole 261, the seventh fixing hole 212 is staggered with the first fixing hole 211, and the eighth fixing hole 223 is staggered with the second fixing hole 222. The fifth fixing hole 255, the sixth fixing hole 262, the seventh fixing hole 212, and the eighth fixing hole 223 are arranged in sequence to face each other. The release film assembly 20 also includes a second locking member 272 (see Figures 3 and 10), which passes through the fifth fixing hole 255, the seventh fixing hole 212, the partition 24, the eighth fixing hole 223 and the sixth fixing hole 262 and is connected to the outer frame 10 to fix the release film assembly 20 to the outer frame 10.

[0074] The second locking member 272 can be specifically configured as a bolt. In other embodiments, the second pressing member 26 can be welded to the outer frame 10 to achieve a fixed connection between the release film assembly 20 and the outer frame 10.

[0075] In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 10 , the fixing directions of the first locking member 271 and the second locking member 272 are opposite to each other, so as to ensure the overall fixing reliability of the release film assembly 20 and the outer frame 10 after being fixed.

[0076] In this embodiment, referring to FIG5 , the bottom surface of the outer frame 10 is provided with a mounting groove 12, and the release film assembly 20 is mounted in the mounting groove 12. In this way, the overall height of the trough device 100 can be reduced to be applicable to a variety of 3D printers 200, thereby increasing the scope of application of the trough device 100.

[0077] In this embodiment, the outer frame 10 is annular, and the mounting groove 12 is annular, so as to improve the installation reliability of the release film assembly 20 .

[0078] In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 5 , the first pressing member 25 and the second pressing member 26 of the release film assembly 20 are both fitted into the mounting groove 12 , and the second locking member 272 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting groove 12 .

[0079] In this embodiment, referring to FIG9 , the air circuit assembly 30 includes a pump body 31, a pipeline 32, a detection member 33, and a controller 35. The pump body 31 is connected to the chamber 23 via the pipeline 32. The detection member 33 is connected to the pipeline 32 and is used to detect the air pressure in the chamber 23. The controller 35 is connected to the detection member 33 and the pump body 31. The controller 35 is used to receive the air pressure detected by the detection member 33 and control the pump body 31 to pump air or inflate air.

[0080] Optionally, the pump body 31 can be set as a diaphragm air pump, which can provide positive or negative air pressure to achieve the pumping or inflating action. Of course, in other embodiments, the pump body 31 can also be set as an ordinary air pump.

[0081] In this embodiment, the air circuit assembly 30 further includes an air nozzle 36 connected to the end of the pipe 32. The middle plate 202 is provided with a mounting hole 203. The air nozzle 36 fits into the mounting hole 203 and extends into the second air inlet hole 253 of the first pressing member 25, thereby communicating with the chamber 23 through the air groove 252 and the first air inlet hole 221.

[0082] Optionally, the mounting hole 203 is a stepped hole to ensure a stable connection between the air nozzle 36 and the middle plate 202 .

[0083] Optionally, the air nozzle 36 is in sealing cooperation with the inner surface of the mounting hole 203 , so that the chamber 23 is in a sealed state.

[0084] In this embodiment, referring to FIG9 , the gas circuit assembly 30 further includes a gas buffer 34 disposed within the conduit 32. One side of the gas buffer 34 communicates with the detection element 33, and the other side of the gas buffer 34 communicates with the pump body 31. The gas buffer 34 acts as a gas buffer, ensuring smoother inflation and deflation of the gas circuit assembly 30. This ensures a more uniform rate of change in the air pressure in the chamber 23, thereby extending the service life of the release film assembly 20.

[0085] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present application should not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A trough device, arranged on one side of the forming platform, characterized in that: The trough device comprises: an outer frame, wherein the outer frame is provided with an inner cavity; A release film assembly, the release film assembly comprising a release film and a sealing film, the release film and the inner cavity forming a material trough, the sealing film being arranged on a side of the release film away from the outer frame, the sealing film and the release film forming a chamber; An air circuit component is connected to the chamber and is configured to inflate or evacuate the chamber to change the size of the chamber, thereby driving the release film to deform toward or away from the forming platform.

2. The trough device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The release film assembly further includes a separator, which is disposed between the release film and the sealing film and located at edges of the release film and the sealing film to form the cavity between the release film and the sealing film.

3. The trough device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The separator is annular, and an avoidance groove is provided on the inner side of the separator. A first air inlet is provided on the edge of the sealing membrane. The first air inlet is arranged opposite to the avoidance groove, and the first air inlet connects the air path assembly and the chamber.

4. The trough device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The release film assembly further includes a first pressing piece and a second pressing piece, the first pressing piece and the second pressing piece are spaced apart, and the edges of the release film and the sealing film are fixedly connected between the first pressing piece and the second pressing piece.

5. The trough device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first pressing part is provided with an air inlet channel, the sealing film is provided with a first air inlet hole, one end of the air inlet channel is connected to the chamber through the first air inlet hole, and the other end of the air inlet channel is connected to the air path component.

6. The trough device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first pressing part is provided with an air groove, the opening of the air groove is arranged opposite to the first air inlet hole, the sealing film covers the opening of the air groove, and the first pressing part is also provided with a second air inlet hole, one end of the second air inlet hole is connected to the air groove, and the other end is connected to the air path component, and the air groove and the second air inlet hole together form the air inlet channel.

7. The trough device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first pressing piece is annular, and the air groove is an annular groove extending along the circumference of the surface of the first pressing piece.

8. The trough device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The second air inlet hole is provided through the first pressing member in a thickness direction and is adjacent to and communicated with the air groove.

9. The trough device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the outer frame is provided with a mounting groove, and the release film assembly is installed in the mounting groove.

10. The trough device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first pressing piece and the second pressing piece of the release film assembly are both fitted in the installation groove.

11. The trough device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The gas circuit assembly comprises: a pump body, the pump body being connected to the chamber through a pipeline; a detection member connected to the pipeline and used to detect the air pressure in the chamber; A controller is connected to the detection member and the pump body, the controller is used to receive the air pressure detected by the detection member, and the controller is used to control the pump body to evacuate or inflate.

12. The trough device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The gas circuit assembly further includes a gas buffer, which is arranged in the pipeline, one side of the gas buffer is connected to the detection component, and the other side of the gas buffer is connected to the pump body.

13. A 3D printer, characterized in that: include: Forming platform; A trough device, comprising an outer frame, a release film assembly and an air path assembly; The outer frame is provided with an inner cavity; The release film assembly includes a release film and a sealing film. The release film and the inner cavity form a material trough. The sealing film is provided on a side of the release film away from the outer frame. The sealing film and the release film form a chamber. The forming platform is movably arranged on a side of the release film facing away from the sealing film; The air circuit assembly is connected to the chamber and is configured to inflate or evacuate the chamber to change the size of the chamber, thereby driving the release film to deform toward or away from the forming platform.

14. The 3D printer according to claim 13, wherein: The release film assembly further includes a separator, which is disposed between the release film and the sealing film and located at edges of the release film and the sealing film to form the cavity between the release film and the sealing film.

15. The 3D printer according to claim 14, wherein: The separator is annular, and an avoidance groove is provided on the inner side of the separator. A first air inlet is provided on the edge of the sealing membrane. The first air inlet is arranged opposite to the avoidance groove, and the first air inlet connects the air path assembly and the chamber.

16. The 3D printer according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that: The release film assembly further includes a first pressing piece and a second pressing piece, the first pressing piece and the second pressing piece are spaced apart, and the edges of the release film and the sealing film are fixedly connected between the first pressing piece and the second pressing piece.

17. The 3D printer according to claim 16, wherein: The first pressing part is provided with an air inlet channel, the sealing film is provided with a first air inlet hole, one end of the air inlet channel is connected to the chamber through the first air inlet hole, and the other end of the air inlet channel is connected to the air path component.

18. The 3D printer according to claim 17, wherein: The first pressing part is provided with an air groove, the opening of the air groove is arranged opposite to the first air inlet hole, the sealing film covers the opening of the air groove, and the first pressing part is also provided with a second air inlet hole, one end of the second air inlet hole is connected to the air groove, and the other end is connected to the air path component, and the air groove and the second air inlet hole together form the air inlet channel.

19. The 3D printer according to claim 18, wherein: The first pressing piece is annular, and the air groove is an annular groove extending along the circumference of the surface of the first pressing piece.

20. The 3D printer according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the outer frame is provided with a mounting groove, and the release film assembly is installed in the mounting groove.

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