System for treating flue gases emitted by a glass furnace

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system (2) for treating flue gases including carbon dioxide, comprising a flue (4) for discharging the flue gases and a cooling device (7) configured to cool the flue gases circulating in the discharge flue (4), characterised in that the treatment system (2) comprises a capture device (8) configured to capture the carbon dioxide contained in the flue gases, the treatment system (2) being configured so that the flue gases circulating in the discharge flue (4) have a first concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gases circulating in the discharge flue (4) and so that the flue gases circulating in the discharge flue (4) have a second concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gases circulating in the discharge flue (4), the second concentration being equal to the first concentration to within +0% / −5%.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Title of the invention: Smoke treatment system

[0003] The present invention relates to the field of glass furnaces, particularly submerged burner furnaces, and more particularly concerns a treatment system comprising a device for capturing carbon dioxide contained in fumes emitted by such glass furnaces.

[0004] Capturing carbon dioxide from various types of flue gas emissions before they are released into the atmosphere is a major challenge in industry. On the one hand, it significantly reduces the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and thus contributes greatly to environmental protection. On the other hand, capturing carbon dioxide also presents an economic challenge, on the one hand to limit expenses related to carbon dioxide emission quotas, and on the other hand because the carbon dioxide, after capture, can subsequently be processed and then marketed for third-party activities.

[0005] When raw materials are melted in a glass furnace, fumes containing carbon dioxide are emitted. These fumes contain components that must be treated before being released into the atmosphere, in particular to comply with applicable regulations. Such treatment may consist of cooling the fumes in order to condense some of the components in order to decontaminate the fumes.

[0006] It is known to cool flue gases with ambient air. Such a mixture is sufficient to condense certain components and thus allow subsequent filtration of the fumes. However, the addition of ambient air, also called dilution, within the humid fumes necessarily reduces the proportion of carbon dioxide contained in such a mixture, potentially to a proportion of, for example, approximately 2% compared to approximately 30% before mixing with ambient air depending on the dilution applied. Consequently, it then becomes economically unattractive to capture the carbon dioxide present in such a small proportion in the mixture of fumes and ambient air released into the atmosphere after treatment.

[0007] The present invention makes it possible to combine environmental and economic interests with the capture of carbon dioxide and as such proposes a system for treating fumes comprising carbon dioxide and emitted by a glass furnace, comprising at least one fume exhaust chimney configured to be connected to the glass furnace, and at least one cooling device configured to cool the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney, characterized in that the treatment system comprises a capture device configured to capture the carbon dioxide contained in the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney,the treatment system being configured so that the fumes circulating in the exhaust stack have a first concentration of carbon dioxide in the fumes circulating in the exhaust stack between an inlet of the exhaust stack and the cooling device and that the fumes circulating in the exhaust stack have a second concentration of carbon dioxide in the fumes circulating in the exhaust stack between the cooling device and the capture device, the second concentration being equal to the first concentration to within +0% / - 5%.,

[0008] The treatment system according to the invention greatly limits any dilution of the fumes with the ambient air by ensuring a substantially zero dilution rate of the fumes, in order to retain a significant proportion of carbon dioxide in the fumes and to capture the carbon dioxide more simply and in greater quantity. The economic interest of capturing carbon dioxide is thus greatly improved, in addition to guaranteeing a release of fumes comprising a tiny proportion of carbon dioxide in order to contribute to the preservation of the environment.

[0009] The exhaust chimney is connected to the glass furnace in order to ensure the evacuation of fumes from a melting zone of said glass furnace. The fumes containing carbon dioxide thus circulate in the exhaust chimney until they reach the cooling device. In order to facilitate the circulation of fumes in the exhaust chimney, the treatment system may comprise a device for creating a vacuum in the exhaust chimney in order to suck up the fumes generated in the glass furnace.

[0010] The cooling device allows a significant temperature drop in the flue gases containing carbon dioxide. For example, the flue gases can go from a temperature of 600°C before entering the cooling device to a temperature of 200°C at the outlet of the cooling device. Cooling is carried out in such a way as to avoid any mixing of the flue gases with the ambient air. Cooling can advantageously be implemented so that the flue gases reach a threshold temperature guaranteeing the condensation of all the components that can be condensed, while recovering energy during cooling.

[0011] The cooling of the fumes is implemented so as to condense components other than carbon dioxide and present in the fumes, in order to purify the latter and subsequently facilitate the capture of carbon dioxide. The fumes then continue their circulation to the capture device in order to capture the carbon dioxide, the exhaust chimney extending to the inlet of the capture device. The captured carbon dioxide can subsequently be treated and then stored for later use or marketing. It is thus understood that the capture device is positioned downstream of the cooling device relative to a direction of circulation of the fumes.

[0012] Throughout the circulation of the fumes containing carbon dioxide within the exhaust stack, no cooling by mixing with ambient air is carried out. In addition, the exhaust stack is kept sealed so as to prevent, on the one hand, any escape of fumes from the treatment system, and on the other hand, any entry of ambient air or at least an entry of ambient air in negligible quantities.

[0013] The treatment system may be configured to determine the first carbon dioxide concentration and the second carbon dioxide concentration. The carbon dioxide concentration may be measured by one or more determination devices configured to measure the first concentration and the second concentration. The first concentration corresponds to the carbon dioxide concentration of the flue gases entering the exhaust stack, just outside the glass furnace. The second concentration corresponds to the carbon dioxide concentration of the flue gases entering the carbon dioxide capture device. By carbon dioxide concentration of the flue gases, it is meant that this corresponds to a concentration of dry smoke. The determination devices condense the water before determining the carbon dioxide concentration and the latter is therefore determined without the presence of water.Said concentrations may be volume or molar concentrations.

[0014] Alternatively, the determination devices may measure the concentration of another component of the flue gases, for example nitrogen or oxygen, in order to deduce the carbon dioxide concentration. The dilution ratio mentioned above may also be measured in order to deduce the carbon dioxide concentration. Such a dilution ratio may, for example, itself be determined by measuring standardized volume flow rates.

[0015] As described above, since the ambient air intake is negligible, the dilution rate is therefore close to zero. Thus, the value of the second concentration is approximately equal to the value of the first concentration to within +0% / -5%.

[0016] The determining organ(s) may be determining organs permanently integrated into the treatment system or may be independent determining organs implemented near the treatment system for measurement, for example as part of a control. In both cases, the treatment system is configured to determine said concentrations.

[0017] According to a characteristic of the invention, the cooling device comprises at least one heat exchanger configured to carry out a heat exchange between the fumes and a third-party fluid. Such a heat exchanger makes it possible to carry out a cooling of the fumes comprising carbon dioxide via the third-party fluid, without however implementing a mixing of said fumes with said third-party fluid. The latter can therefore be ambient air, or even a cooling fluid, which can be in the liquid state or in the gaseous state.

[0018] As mentioned previously, the cooling of the flue gases causes condensation of some of the components contained in the flue gases. This change of state occurs within the enclosure of the heat exchanger, which can therefore lead to fouling of the latter in the long term because the condensed components are deposited in the internal structure of the heat exchanger. However, the latter can be configured to facilitate the evacuation of the condensed components remaining in the enclosure of the heat exchanger in order to limit such fouling over time.

[0019] According to a feature of the invention, the treatment system comprises a device for filtering the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney, the filtration device being arranged between the cooling device and the capture device. The filtration device makes it possible to retain the components of the fumes loaded with carbon dioxide having condensed during cooling and continuing to circulate in the exhaust chimney. The filtration device thus makes it possible to purify the fumes by recovering the condensed phase.

[0020] Since the treatment system does not allow ambient air to enter, the fumes circulate to the cooling device necessarily at a higher temperature than if they had been diluted with ambient air. It is therefore mainly during the cooling of the fumes by the cooling device that there is condensation of some of the components of the fumes loaded with carbon dioxide, hence the positioning of the filtration device between the cooling device and the capture device. The position of the filtration device also helps to improve the energy balance since the heat exchange is maximized by making the cooling device work at a higher temperature.

[0021] According to a feature of the invention, the treatment system comprises a measuring member configured to measure the temperature of the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney between the glass furnace and the cooling device. Monitoring the temperature of the fumes before they are cooled within the cooling device makes it possible, for example, to determine the outlet temperature of the fumes and to adapt the cooling capacity of the cooling device accordingly.

[0022] If the cooling device is a heat exchanger as mentioned above, the cooling capacity can, for example, be adjusted by controlling the flow rate or temperature of the third-party fluid used to cool the fumes.

[0023] According to a feature of the invention, the treatment system comprises a flue gas analysis device configured to monitor the components present in the flue gases circulating in the exhaust chimney between the glass furnace and the cooling device. The flue gas analysis device determines which components are present in the flue gases and in what proportions. Associated with the measuring device described above, this also makes it possible to determine which components of the flue gases will be condensed as a function of the cooling of said flue gases, as well as the thresholds for changing the state of each of said components. For example, the flue gas analysis device may be in the form of a sampling tube through which the flue gases circulate. This sampling tube comprises several sampling devices capable of retaining a portion of the condensed components.

[0024] According to a feature of the invention, the treatment system comprises a measuring device configured to measure the temperature of the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney between the cooling device and the capture device. The temperature of the fumes can also be controlled at the outlet, for example in order to determine which components are kept in the gaseous state after cooling and according to the composition analyzed by the fume analysis device upstream of the cooling device.

[0025] According to a feature of the invention, the treatment system comprises a desulfurization device and / or a denitrification device for the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney, the desulfurization device being arranged between the cooling device and the filtration device, the denitrification device being arranged between the inlet of the exhaust chimney and the capture device. The desulfurization device and the denitrification device respectively make it possible to remove sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides from the fumes before they pass through the filtration device.

[0026] Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides are compounds that are generated as a result of combustion, either by forming during combustion or because they are released from the melting glass in the glass furnace. These compounds are harmful to the environment. In addition, sulfur and nitrogen oxides have a condensation temperature that is too low for the cooling of the flue gases to allow a change of state of these compounds in order to retain them at the cooling device or the filtration device. It is therefore advantageous to implement such a desulfurization device and / or such a denitrification device in order to avoid releasing sulfur oxides and / or nitrogen oxides respectively into the atmosphere.

[0027] The desulfurization device is arranged downstream of the cooling device and upstream of the filtration device. Depending on its type of operation, the denitrification device can be arranged between the cooling device and the filtration device as well as the desulfurization device, which can then be a single entity. Alternatively, some types of denitrification devices operate at high temperatures and can be positioned between the inlet of the exhaust stack and the cooling device.

[0028] In all cases, the desulfurization device and the denitrification device are both positioned upstream of the filtration device. Indeed, to carry out their desulfurization and denitrification functions respectively, the desulfurization device and the denitrification device use, for example, additives such as lime or bicarbonate. Positioning the filtration device downstream allows these additives to be recovered in order to avoid adding more components to the flue gases.

[0029] According to a feature of the invention, the capture device is configured to generate a decarbonized gas stream, the treatment system comprising an outlet branch configured to release the decarbonized gas stream into the atmosphere. By decarbonized gas stream, it should be understood that it is a gas stream comprising a negligible quantity of carbon dioxide. The capture device in fact makes it possible to capture the carbon dioxide from the fumes once the latter have been cooled, and possibly filtered, desulfurized and / or denitrified. The carbon dioxide can then be treated and then stored pending later use. In order to facilitate its storage, the thermal treatment of the carbon dioxide can for example consist of liquefying it.

[0030] The outlet branch is therefore located downstream of the capture device, and it is within the latter that the flow of decarbonized gas circulates, which is then released into the atmosphere with a negligible quantity of carbon dioxide in order to preserve the environment.

[0031] According to a feature of the invention, the treatment system comprises a recirculation branch connected at the inlet to the exhaust chimney between the cooling device and the capture device, said recirculation branch comprising an outlet connected to the exhaust chimney between the glass furnace and the cooling device. This is a first embodiment of the treatment system according to the invention. Instead of sending the fumes containing carbon dioxide directly to the capture device, it is possible to recirculate them in the exhaust chimney via the recirculation branch.

[0032] The functions of such recirculation are multiple. On the one hand, it allows the fumes to be recirculated within the cooling device and thus further cool the fumes in order to potentially condense more of the components contained in the fumes.

[0033] Furthermore, flue gas recirculation allows for mixing with the flue gases coming directly out of the glass furnace. This lowers the overall temperature of the flue gases before circulating within the cooling system. Such mixing lowers the temperature of the flue gases coming out of the glass furnace from approximately 1200°C to approximately 600°C.

[0034] The recirculation or not of the fumes within the exhaust chimney via the recirculation branch can for example be placed under the control of a three-way valve. Such recirculation can also be dependent for example on the temperature of the fumes at the outlet of the cooling device and recorded by the measuring device mentioned above. The adjustable choice of temperature by the variation of flow rate of this recirculation makes it possible to cover different types of raw material uses. Advantageously, cooling is implemented with heat recovery.

[0035] The measuring device can also be used in this case because it allows the temperature of the fumes to be measured after mixing between the fumes leaving directly from the glass furnace and the fumes recirculating via the recirculation branch, providing information on the cooling capacity of the fume recirculation.

[0036] According to a feature of the invention, the cooling device is a second cooling device, the treatment system comprising a first cooling device arranged on the exhaust chimney between the glass furnace and the second cooling device and configured to cool the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney. This is a second embodiment of the treatment system according to the invention.

[0037] Instead of the recirculation branch mentioned above, the fumes can circulate within two cooling devices positioned in series with respect to each other. For example, the first cooling device can be a cylindrical cooling unit comprising a circumferential peripheral section within which a third fluid acting as a cooling fluid circulates. In order to limit the fouling of the first cooling device, the latter must be cleaned regularly, advantageously automatically.

[0038] In this second embodiment, the cooling via the second cooling device is advantageously implemented with heat recovery.

[0039] According to a feature of the invention, the treatment system comprises an emergency branch connected to the exhaust chimney between the glass furnace and the cooling device, the emergency branch being configured to release the fumes comprising carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The emergency branch allows direct release of the fumes into the atmosphere in the event of an incident, for example at the glass furnace or the treatment system. Preferably, the emergency branch is used for the shortest possible period of time in order to avoid releasing fumes directly into the atmosphere in order to remain within the applicable environmental legislation, for example the time required to shut down the glass furnace.

[0040] The invention also covers a glass production installation comprising a glass furnace and a treatment system, as described above, for the fumes emitted by the glass furnace.

[0041] According to a characteristic of the invention, the glass furnace may be an oxycombustion furnace.

[0042] According to another feature of the invention, the glass furnace may be a submerged burner furnace. The glass furnace melts glass at extreme temperatures, necessarily generating fumes that must be evacuated. The treatment system of the glass production facility is arranged so that the fumes are evacuated from the glass furnace by circulating within the evacuation chimney of the treatment system.

[0043] In a general glass melting context, the composition of the melted glass or mineral fibers is as follows in mass percentage: between 35% and 80% SiCL, between 0% and 30% AI2O3, between 2% and 35% CaO+MgO, between 0% and 25% Na2O+K2O and between 0% and 10% Fe2C>3.

[0044] In a particular context of mineral wool manufacturing, the material to be fiberized may have the following composition: for glass wool: between 50% and 75% of SiO2, between 0% and 8%, preferably between 1% and 6%, of AI2O3, between 2% and 20% of CaO+MgO, between 12% and 20% of Na2O+K2O, between 0% and 3% of Fe2C>3 and between 0% and 10%, preferably between 2% and 8%, of B2O3, for rock wool, which is the preferred composition: between 30% and 60%, preferably between 30% and 50%, of SiO2, between 10% and 30% of AI2O3, between 10% and 35% of CaO+MgO, between 0% and 20% of Na2O+K2O and between 2% and 10% Fe2O3. For the previously mentioned composition, i.e. for rock wool, the distribution of CaO+MgO is between 6% and 35% for CaO and between 1% and 15% for MgO, and the distribution of Na2O+K2O is between 0% and 20% for Na2O and between 0% and 15% for K2O.

[0045] The invention also covers a method for capturing carbon dioxide contained in fumes comprising carbon dioxide and emitted by a glass furnace of a glass production installation, comprising: a step of channeling the fumes from the glass furnace, a step of cooling the fumes, a step of capturing the carbon dioxide, characterized in that the step of capturing the carbon dioxide is implemented by a carbon dioxide capture device, and in that the channeling of the fumes comprising carbon dioxide is operated in such a way that a second carbon dioxide concentration of the fumes at the inlet of the capture device is equal to +0% / -5% near a first carbon dioxide concentration of the fumes at the outlet of the glass furnace.

[0046] The channeling step is carried out within the exhaust stack while the cooling step is implemented using one or two cooling devices. The capture method may comprise one or more steps of determining carbon dioxide concentrations in order to verify that the flue gas channeling is carried out according to said capture method. In a non-exhaustive manner, this may consist of a direct measurement of the carbon dioxide concentration, a measurement of other flue gas compounds, or a measurement of standardized volume flow rates in order to deduce the flue gas dilution rate.

[0047] According to a characteristic of the method, the latter comprises a step of filtering the fumes, the filtration step being subsequent to the cooling step and prior to the capture step. Such a filtration step is implemented by the filtration device. According to a characteristic of the method, the latter comprises a step of measuring the temperature of the fumes, the temperature measurement step being prior to the cooling step and the capture step. Such a measurement step is implemented by the measuring device.

[0048] According to a characteristic of the method, the latter comprises a step of analyzing the composition of the fumes, the step of analyzing the composition being prior to the cooling step and the capture step. Such an analysis step is implemented by the fume analysis device.

[0049] According to a characteristic of the method, the latter comprises a step of recording the temperature of the fumes, the temperature recording step being subsequent to the cooling step and prior to the capture step. Such a temperature recording step is implemented by the measuring device.

[0050] According to a characteristic of the method, the latter comprises a desulfurization step and / or a denitrification step of the fumes, the desulfurization step being subsequent to the cooling step and prior to the capture step, the denitrification step being prior to the capture step. The desulfurization step is implemented by the desulfurization device while the denitrification step is implemented by the denitrification device.

[0051] According to a characteristic of the process, it comprises a step of recirculating the fumes, the recirculation step being in parallel with the cooling step. Such a recirculation step allows the circulation of the fumes within the recirculation branch in order to repeat the cooling step.

[0052] According to a feature of the process, the flue gas cooling step is divided into a first flue gas cooling step and a second flue gas cooling step.

[0053] According to another characteristic of the method, the first step of cooling the flue gases is implemented by the recirculation step. The first cooling step is ensured by the recirculation of the flue gases via the recirculation branch for the first embodiment of the treatment system and by the first cooling device for the second embodiment of the treatment system. The second cooling step is ensured by the cooling device for the first embodiment of the treatment system and by the second cooling device for the second embodiment of the treatment system.

[0054] According to a feature of the method, it comprises an emergency fume evacuation step in the event of a malfunction of the glass production facility, the emergency evacuation step being implemented instead of the cooling step and the capture step. Such an emergency evacuation step allows the evacuation of fumes containing carbon dioxide directly into the atmosphere via the emergency branch.

[0055] All of the above steps of the carbon dioxide capture process implement the elements included in the treatment system and described previously.

[0056] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description on the one hand, and from several examples of embodiment given for informational and non-limiting purposes with reference to the attached schematic drawings on the other hand, in which:

[0057] [fig 1] represents a glass production installation provided with a first embodiment of a treatment system according to the invention,

[0058] [fig 2] represents the glass production installation provided with a second embodiment of the treatment system according to the invention.

[0059] Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a glass production facility 1 comprising a first embodiment of a processing system 2 according to the invention. The glass production facility 1 comprises a glass furnace 3 configured to melt glass, for example in order to form it to produce new glass entities, or to produce glass fibers. The glass furnace 3 may, for example, be a submerged burner furnace.

[0060] To do this, glass, for example in the form of cullet, is brought into the glass furnace 3 which uses an extreme temperature, for example around 1200°C in order to melt the glass. Such a process necessarily generates fumes, loaded in particular with carbon dioxide, which must be evacuated from the glass furnace 3. The treatment system 2 ensures in particular the evacuation of these fumes containing carbon dioxide.

[0061] To do this, the treatment system 2 comprises an exhaust chimney 4, one inlet of which is fluidically connected to the glass furnace 3 so that the fumes generated in the glass furnace 3 escape via the exhaust chimney 4. The fumes will therefore circulate within the exhaust chimney 4 before being released into the atmosphere 5.

[0062] For environmental reasons, it is preferable that fumes containing carbon dioxide are not released directly into the atmosphere 5 without prior treatment. Indeed, carbon dioxide is a particularly harmful component of fumes from an ecological point of view. Furthermore, carbon dioxide has multiple industrial applications, and it may therefore be beneficial to capture and store it for later industrial or commercial use.

[0063] The treatment system 2 therefore allows the capture of carbon dioxide during the circulation of the fumes within the exhaust chimney 4. The fumes will be treated in order to be able to capture the carbon dioxide there for economic purposes on the one hand, and to release into the atmosphere 5 a flow of decarbonized gas, that is to say not containing carbon dioxide or containing tiny traces of carbon dioxide, for environmental purposes on the other hand.

[0064] To do this, the treatment system 2 comprises at least one cooling device 7 and one capture device 8. The cooling device 7 is positioned at the exhaust chimney 4 so as to cool the fumes circulating therein. The capture device 8 is positioned at the end of the exhaust chimney 4 and makes it possible to capture the carbon dioxide contained in the fumes. Cooling the fumes prior to capturing the carbon dioxide makes it possible to condense certain components contained in the fumes and which may change state following such cooling. As will be described in detail below, these components may be retained or filtered, in order to depollute the fumes of components other than carbon dioxide.

[0065] The proportion of carbon dioxide contained in the fumes is estimated at 30% at the outlet of the glass furnace 3 and up to between 80% and 100% when said fumes are dry. The advantage of the treatment system 2 according to the invention is that the circulation as well as the cooling of the fumes and the capture of the carbon dioxide take place according to a capture method operated in a hermetic or substantially hermetic manner to the ambient air. In other words, a first concentration of carbon dioxide in the fumes measured for example by a first determination member 22 at an inlet of the exhaust chimney 4 is equal or substantially equal to a second concentration of carbon dioxide in the fumes measured for example by a second determination member 23 at the inlet of the capture device 8.More precisely, the second concentration is equal to the first concentration to within +0% / - 5%, while a dilution rate, corresponding to a proportion of ambient air within the fumes, is zero or substantially zero. Said first determination member 22 and said second determination member 23 may be determination members permanently integrated into the treatment system or may be independent determination members implemented near the treatment system for measurement, for example as part of a check.

[0066] The first determining member 22 and the second determining member 23 can directly measure the carbon dioxide concentration of the fumes, or indirectly from the concentration of other components of the fumes such as the nitrogen and / or oxygen concentration. According to another example, the first determining member 22 and the second determining member 23 can measure the dilution rate described above to deduce the carbon dioxide concentration therefrom. More particularly, the capture method comprises a step of channeling the fumes from the glass furnace 3 to the capture device 8, as well as a step of cooling the fumes by the cooling device 7 and a step of capturing the carbon dioxide by the capture device 8.

[0067] The exhaust chimney 4 therefore prevents any entry of air as much as possible, in order to avoid mixing the fumes containing carbon dioxide with ambient air, which constitutes an effective means of cooling but which reduces the proportion of carbon dioxide and thus makes its capture more complicated and uneconomical. Indeed, the proportion of carbon dioxide can decrease to a proportion of 2% after mixing with the ambient air. The maintenance of a sufficient proportion of carbon dioxide is therefore guaranteed in order to ensure effective and profitable capture thereof.

[0068] The cooling device 7 may for example be a heat exchanger configured to carry out a heat exchange between the fumes and a third-party fluid 9. Such a heat exchange takes place without mixing between the fumes and the third-party fluid 9, which may thus be a flow of ambient air. Alternatively, the third-party fluid 9 may be a cooling fluid in the liquid or gaseous state. The cooling device 7 may be configured to lower the temperature of the fumes from 600°C to 200°C.

[0069] According to the first embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the treatment system 2 may comprise a measuring member 10 and a smoke analysis device 11. The measuring member 10 is configured to measure the temperature of the smoke circulating in the exhaust chimney 4 between the glass furnace 3 and the cooling device 7, while the smoke analysis device 11 is configured to determine the composition of the smoke comprising carbon dioxide circulating in the exhaust chimney 4 between the glass furnace 3 and the cooling device 7. By way of example, as illustrated in Figure 1, the smoke analysis device 11 may be in the form of a sampling tube through which the smoke circulates. This sampling tube may comprise several sampling members.From the temperature measured by the measuring device 10 and the composition of the fumes determined by the fume analysis device 11, it is possible to determine which components will be condensed following the cooling of the fumes within the cooling device 7. The temperature of the fumes upstream of the cooling device 7 also makes it possible to adjust a circulation flow rate of the third fluid 9 or even its temperature as a function of a desired outlet temperature of the fumes.

[0070] The measuring member 10 and the smoke analysis device 11 can be implemented respectively during a step of measuring the temperature of the smoke and a step of analyzing the composition of the smoke relating to the carbon dioxide capture process.

[0071] Due to the cooling carried out within the cooling device 7, components may condense and therefore remain within the enclosure of the cooling device 7. Indeed, the absence of mixing with the ambient air promotes greater fouling of the cooling device 7. In order to avoid this, the cooling device 7 may be configured to promote automatic elimination of the condensed components, for example by being positioned so that said components are evacuated from the cooling device 7 by gravity.

[0072] The treatment system 2 may also comprise a measuring device 12 configured to record the temperature of the fumes leaving the cooling device 7. The measuring device 12 is an additional indicator making it possible to determine which components have been condensed during the cooling of the fumes.

[0073] The measuring device 12 can be implemented during a step of recording the temperature of the fumes relating to the carbon dioxide capture process.

[0074] The exhaust chimney 4 may also comprise a desulfurization device 13 and / or a denitrification device 24, as well as a filtration device 14. The filtration device 14 makes it possible to filter the fumes so that the components that have condensed and continue to circulate in the exhaust chimney 4 are retained. Such filtration makes it possible to further depollute the fumes by recovering the condensed phase in order to subsequently release the cleanest possible flow into the atmosphere 5. In order to avoid premature fouling, the filtration device 14 must be cleaned regularly. The filtration device 14 is arranged between the cooling device 7 and the capture device 8.

[0075] The desulfurization device 13 and the denitrification device 24 respectively eliminate the sulfur oxides and the nitrogen oxides contained in the fumes. These two types of compounds are either initially present in the composition of the glass melted in the glass furnace 3, or formed during the reaction taking place during combustion. Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides are extremely harmful to the environment. In addition, they have state change temperatures well below the temperature of the fumes after cooling within the cooling device and therefore cannot be eliminated by being condensed. The desulfurization device 13 and the denitrification device 24 therefore ensure elimination of these compounds in order to avoid sending them into the atmosphere 5. This elimination is carried out using reaction products, for example additives, capturing the elements concerned.The unreacted reaction products are subsequently possibly retained by the filtration device 14.

[0076] In Figures 1 and 2, the desulfurization device 13 and the denitrification device 24 are combined into an entity arranged at the level of the exhaust chimney 4, between the cooling device 7 and the filtration device 14. Generally speaking, the desulfurization device 13 is systematically arranged between the cooling device 7 and the filtration device 14. Depending on its operation, the denitrification device 24 can be positioned in the same place but can also be configured to interact with higher temperature fumes and is therefore in this configuration positioned between the glass furnace 3 and the cooling device 7.

[0077] It should be noted that the measuring device 12 described above is also useful for checking the temperature before the action of the desulfurization device 13 because the latter is more effective when the fumes are at an optimal reaction temperature. The measuring device 12 also makes it possible to check the temperature before filtration by the filtration device 14 because too high a temperature of the fumes risks degrading the filtration device 14.

[0078] The desulfurization device 13 and / or the denitrification device 24 may be implemented during a flue gas desulfurization and / or denitrification step relating to the carbon dioxide capture process. The filtration device is implemented during a flue gas filtration step relating to the carbon dioxide capture process.

[0079] The exhaust chimney 4 also comprises a vacuum device 25 for putting the exhaust chimney 4 under vacuum, in order to facilitate the evacuation of the fumes generated within the glass furnace 3 towards the exhaust chimney 4. The pressure differential formed by this vacuum device allows the fumes to be sucked into the exhaust chimney 4. In Figures 1 and 2, the vacuum device is arranged between the filtration device 14 and the capture device 8.

[0080] The exhaust stack 4 extends to the capture device 8 which allows the carbon dioxide to be captured as previously described. Not shown, the captured carbon dioxide may be discharged from the treatment system 2 for treatment and storage.

[0081] The capture of carbon dioxide within the capture device 8 thus generates a flow of decarbonized gas, containing no carbon dioxide or a tiny quantity. The treatment system 2 comprises an outlet branch 15 connected to the capture device 8 and ensuring the circulation of the flow of decarbonized gas until the latter is released into the atmosphere 5. The treatment system 2 thus makes it possible to both capture carbon dioxide in large quantities, while avoiding releasing it into the atmosphere 5.

[0082] The first embodiment of the treatment system 2 is characterized in that it comprises a recirculation branch 16 provided with an inlet connected to the evacuation chimney 4 between the depression member 25 and the capture device 8, and extending to an outlet connected to the evacuation chimney 4, between the glass furnace 3 and the cooling device 7.

[0083] Thus, the fumes, after having been cooled and filtered, can recirculate again in the cooling device 7.

[0084] In addition, the fumes circulating in the recirculation branch 16 have been previously cooled within the cooling device 7 and thus make it possible, by recirculating in the exhaust chimney 4, to cool the fumes leaving directly from the glass furnace 3 and which are at a higher temperature, for example 1200°C. This cooling by mixing with the fumes recirculating in the exhaust chimney 4 makes it possible to lower the temperature of the fumes leaving directly from the glass furnace 3 from 1200°C to 600°C, which already generates condensation of a greater quantity of components contained in said fumes compared to the cooling within the cooling device 7.

[0085] It is thus understood that the measuring member 10, in addition to its previously mentioned function, makes it possible to know the temperature of the fumes after recirculation of the already cooled fumes and mixing with the fumes leaving the glass furnace 3. This also makes it possible to determine which potential components of the fumes have been condensed following this mixing. The fume analysis device 11 makes it possible to confirm which components have been condensed downstream of the recirculation of the fumes, for example thanks to the sampling members present in the sampling tube.

[0086] The circulation of fumes towards the recirculation branch 16 can be placed under the control of a three-way valve 17 which allows the fumes coming from the cooling device 7 to circulate towards the capture device 8 or towards the recirculation branch 16. This control can also be dependent on the temperature recorded by the measuring device 12.

[0087] Such recirculation cooling is therefore advantageous in that it limits the number of elements required for cooling the flue gases. Furthermore, since the filtered flue gases recirculating via the recirculation branch 16 always contain carbon dioxide, such recirculation and the subsequent mixing of flue gases does not adversely affect the proportion of carbon dioxide, and it is therefore always advantageous to capture the carbon dioxide afterwards.

[0088] The recirculation branch 16 can be implemented during a flue gas recirculation step relating to the carbon dioxide capture process.

[0089] The treatment system 2 also comprises an emergency branch 18 connected at the level of the exhaust chimney 4 between the glass furnace 3 and the cooling device 7. The emergency branch 18 guarantees a direct fluid connection between the glass furnace 3 and the atmosphere 5 without passing through the cooling device 7 and the capture device 8, and thus makes it possible to release the fumes containing carbon dioxide directly into the atmosphere 5.

[0090] The evacuation of fumes containing carbon dioxide directly into the atmosphere 5 is carried out only in the event of the glass production installation 1 being put on standby or in the event of an extreme emergency, for example following a malfunction of the treatment system 2 or the glass furnace 3. Preferably, such an evacuation must be as short as possible. The circulation within the cooling device 7 or within the emergency branch 18 can be ensured by a first valve 19 arranged on the evacuation chimney 4 between the connection with the emergency branch 18 and the cooling device 7, and by a second valve 20 arranged on the emergency branch 18.

[0091] Figure 2 shows the glass production plant 1 provided with a second embodiment of the treatment system 2 according to the invention. This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it comprises a first cooling device 7a and a second cooling device 7b, the first cooling device 7a being arranged on the exhaust chimney 4 between the glass furnace 3 and the second cooling device 7b. In addition, this second embodiment does not have the recirculation branch 16 of the first embodiment, illustrated in Figure 1.

[0092] Thus, instead of being able to recirculate within a single cooling device 7 as illustrated in Figure 1, the fumes circulate here within two cooling devices 7 arranged in series with respect to each other in order to be cooled twice.

[0093] As illustrated in Figure 2, the second cooling device 7b is in the form of a heat exchanger, which may be structurally and functionally identical to the cooling device 7 illustrated in Figure 1. The first cooling device 7a may be in the form of a cylindrical cooling unit comprising a peripheral section within which a third fluid 9 circulates, which may be of a similar or different nature to the third fluid 9 circulating within the second cooling device 7b.

[0094] As mentioned previously, the second embodiment of the treatment system 2 does not include a recirculation branch. There is therefore no possible mixing of fumes to cool the fumes leaving the glass furnace 3 directly. To overcome this, the first cooling device 7a must be cleaned regularly, advantageously automatically, so that its fouling is limited over time. The second embodiment, however, also allows the capture of carbon dioxide efficiently.

[0095] The first cooling device 7a and the second cooling device 7b can be implemented respectively during a first flue gas cooling step and a second flue gas cooling step relating to the carbon dioxide capture process.

[0096] The rest of the structural and functional elements of the second embodiment of the processing system 2 being identical to the first embodiment, reference will be made to the description of figure 1 for everything concerning the elements common to the two embodiments.

[0097] Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described and numerous adjustments can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention, as it has just been described, achieves the aim which it had set itself, and makes it possible to propose a treatment system ensuring the capture of the carbon dioxide contained in fumes in a profitable quantity, while releasing into the atmosphere a flow of decarbonized gas. Variants not described here could be implemented without departing from the context of the invention, provided that, in accordance with the invention, they comprise a treatment system in accordance with the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS 1- System for treating (2) fumes containing carbon dioxide and emitted by a glass furnace (3), comprising at least one fume exhaust chimney (4) configured to be connected to the glass furnace (3) and at least one cooling device (7) configured to cool the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4), characterized in that the treatment system (2) comprises a capture device (8) configured to capture the carbon dioxide contained in the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4) once the latter have been cooled,the treatment system (2) being configured so that the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4) have a first concentration of carbon dioxide in the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4) between an inlet of the exhaust chimney (4) and the cooling device (7) and that the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4) have a second concentration of carbon dioxide in the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4) between the cooling device (7) and the capture device (8), the second concentration being equal to the first concentration to within +0% / - 5%, the exhaust chimney (4) being kept sealed so as to prevent on the one hand any leakage of fumes from the treatment system (2), on the other hand any entry of ambient air or at least an entry of ambient air in negligible quantity., 2- Treatment system (2) according to claim 1, in which the cooling device (7) comprises at least one heat exchanger configured to carry out a heat exchange between the fumes and a third fluid (9). 3- Treatment system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a filtration device (14) for the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4), the filtration device (14) being arranged between the cooling device (7) and the capture device (8). 4- Treatment system (2) according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a measuring member (10) configured to measure the temperature of the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4) between the glass furnace (3) and the cooling device (7). 5- Treatment system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a smoke analysis device (11) configured to control the components present in the smoke circulating in the exhaust chimney (4) between the glass furnace (3) and the cooling device (7). 6- Treatment system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a measuring device (12) configured to measure the temperature of the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4) between the cooling device (7) and the capture device (8). 7- Treatment system (2) according to the preceding claim, comprising a desulfurization device (13) and / or a denitrification device (24) for the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4), the desulfurization device (13) being arranged between the cooling device (7) and the filtration device (14), the denitrification device (24) being arranged between the inlet of the exhaust chimney (4) and the capture device (8). 8- Treatment system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the capture device (8) is configured to generate a flow of decarbonized gas, the treatment system (2) comprising an outlet branch (15) configured to release the flow of decarbonized gas into the atmosphere (5). 9- Treatment system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a recirculation branch (16) connected at the inlet to the exhaust chimney (4) between the cooling device (7) and the capture device (8), said recirculation branch (16) comprising an outlet connected to the exhaust chimney (4) between the glass furnace (3) and the cooling device (7). 10- Treatment system (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cooling device (7) is a second cooling device (7b), the treatment system (2) comprising a first cooling device (7a) arranged on the exhaust chimney (4) between the glass furnace (3) and the second cooling device (7b) and configured to cool the fumes circulating in the exhaust chimney (4). 11- Treatment system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an emergency branch (18) connected to the exhaust chimney (4) between the glass furnace (3) and the cooling device (7), the emergency branch (18) being configured to release the fumes comprising carbon dioxide into the atmosphere (5). 12- Glass production installation (1) comprising a glass furnace (3) and a treatment system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims for the fumes emitted by the glass furnace (3). 13- Glass production installation (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the glass furnace (3) is an oxycombustion furnace. 14- Glass production installation (1) according to claim 12, in which the glass furnace (3) is a submerged burner furnace. 15- Method for capturing carbon dioxide contained in fumes comprising carbon dioxide and emitted by a glass furnace (3) of a glass production installation (1), comprising: a step of channeling the fumes from the glass furnace (3), a step of cooling the fumes, a step of capturing the carbon dioxide, characterized in that the step of capturing the carbon dioxide is implemented by a carbon dioxide capture device (8), and in that the channeling of the fumes comprising carbon dioxide is operated in such a way that a second carbon dioxide concentration of the fumes at the inlet of the capture device is equal to +0% / -5% near a first carbon dioxide concentration of the fumes at the outlet of the glass furnace. 16- Capture method according to the preceding claim, a step of filtering the fumes, the filtration step being subsequent to the cooling step and prior to the capture step. Tl 17- Capture method according to claim 15 or 16, comprising a step of measuring the temperature of the fumes, the step of measuring the temperature being prior to the cooling step and the capture step. 18- Capture method according to any one of claims 15 to 17, comprising a step of analyzing the composition of the fumes, the step of analyzing the composition being prior to the cooling step and the capture step. 19- Capture method according to any one of claims 15 to 18, comprising a step of recording the temperature of the fumes, the step of recording the temperature being subsequent to the cooling step and prior to the capture step. 20- Capture method according to any one of claims 15 to 19, comprising a desulfurization step and / or a denitrification step of the fumes, the desulfurization step being subsequent to the cooling step and prior to the capture step, the denitrification step being prior to the capture step. 21- Capture method according to any one of claims 15 to 20, comprising a step of recirculating the fumes, the recirculation step being in parallel with the cooling step. 22- A capture method according to any one of claims 15 to 21, wherein the step of cooling the fumes is divided into a first step of cooling the fumes and a second step of cooling the fumes. 23- Capture method according to the preceding claim, in combination with claim 21, in which the first step of cooling the fumes is implemented by the recirculation step. 24- Capture method according to any one of claims 15 to 23, comprising a step of emergency evacuation of fumes in the event of malfunction of the glass production installation (1), the emergency evacuation step being implemented instead of the cooling step and the capture step.

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