Battery module, and battery pack and vehicle including same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery module characterized by comprising: a cell assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells; and a module frame including a first frame and a second frame that are coupled to each other so as to accommodate the cell assembly, the first frame and the second frame being formed so as to be rotationally symmetrical to each other.

Description

Battery modules, battery packs containing the same, and vehicles

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery module, a battery pack including the same, and a vehicle.

[0002] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0033432, filed on March 8, 2024, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the said application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] Secondary batteries, which boast high electrical properties such as high energy density and easy applicability across a wide range of product categories, are widely used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) powered by electrical power sources. These batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for environmental friendliness and energy efficiency, not only because they can dramatically reduce fossil fuel use, but also because they produce no byproducts from energy use.

[0004] Commonly used secondary battery types today include lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries. When high output voltage is required, multiple battery cells are connected in series to form a battery module or battery pack. Furthermore, to increase charge / discharge capacity, multiple battery cells are connected in parallel to form a battery module or battery pack.

[0005] When configuring a battery pack by connecting multiple battery cells in series / parallel, it is common to first configure a battery module including at least one battery cell, and then configure a battery pack or battery rack by adding other components using this at least one battery module.

[0006] In conventional battery modules, the module frame consists of various components, including a frame body with open front and rear ends, a top plate, and end plates that are attached to the front and rear of the frame body. When a module frame is composed of multiple components, multiple plates must be manufactured separately and multiple welding processes must be performed to connect them, resulting in reduced productivity.

[0007] Additionally, since welds are formed in multiple locations, if an event such as thermal runaway occurs in one battery cell, the pressure inside the module frame may increase due to high-temperature venting gas or flame, which may cause the module frame to be damaged.

[0008] Moreover, if a weld is broken, external oxygen can enter the module frame, potentially amplifying flames within the battery module. This can lead to a fire or explosion in the battery module or battery pack. Such fires or explosions in battery modules or battery packs can cause not only property damage but also human casualties. For example, a fire or explosion in an electric vehicle battery pack could pose a threat to the safety of users, such as the driver.

[0009] Accordingly, the present invention has been created to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a battery module, a battery pack, and an automobile including the same, which can improve productivity by minimizing the parts of the module frame of the battery module and ensure safety by stably maintaining the combined state of the module frame.

[0010] However, the problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the problems described above, and other problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention described below.

[0011] To solve the above problem, a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a cell assembly including a plurality of battery cells; and a module frame including a first frame and a second frame configured to accommodate the cell assembly by being coupled to each other, wherein the first frame and the second frame are configured in a mutually rotationally symmetrical shape.

[0012] The first frame and the second frame can be configured to be combined in a mutually symmetrical form.

[0013] The plurality of battery cells may be configured to be stacked in a first direction, and the first frame and the second frame may be configured to be mutually coupled along a second direction that is horizontally orthogonal to the first direction.

[0014] The above first frame and the above second frame may be configured in the shape of a hexahedron with one side open.

[0015] The first frame and the second frame may be configured so that their open ends face each other and are joined together.

[0016] A welded portion may be formed at the open ends where the first frame and the second frame face each other.

[0017] The first frame and the second frame may each have a first hole and a second hole formed at the end vertex.

[0018] The above first hole and the above second hole may each be provided in multiple numbers.

[0019] The module may further include a module terminal configured to penetrate the first hole and be electrically connected to the electrode lead of the battery cell.

[0020] The second hole may be configured to allow venting gas discharged from the battery cell to flow out.

[0021] The device may further include an insulating cover provided between the module frame and the cell assembly and configured to electrically insulate the module frame and the electrode leads of the battery cell.

[0022] The insulating cover covers the second hole and may be configured such that at least a portion of the second hole is opened by the venting gas.

[0023] The first frame and the second frame can be configured to be combined in a mutually vertically and horizontally symmetrical form.

[0024] In addition, the present invention provides a battery pack characterized by including a battery module according to the present invention.

[0025] And, the present invention provides an automobile characterized by including a battery module according to the present invention.

[0026] According to one aspect of the present invention, the number of module frame components can be minimized, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and time required to manufacture a battery module. This, in turn, improves productivity and enhances management convenience.

[0027] Furthermore, according to another aspect of the present invention, even if shock or vibration occurs in the battery module, the module frame can be stably maintained in a bonded state without being damaged or broken. This ensures the structural stability of the battery module.

[0028] Accordingly, according to the above aspect of the present invention, even if a thermal event such as venting gas or flame occurs in the battery module, the propagation of thermal runaway between battery modules can be effectively prevented by minimizing the leakage of venting gas or flame to the outside through damaged or broken portions of the module frame.

[0029] Moreover, according to the above aspect of the present invention, in a battery module, the spread of fire due to the inflow of oxygen or other substances through damaged or broken portions of the module frame can be effectively prevented. As a result, the safety of the battery module can be ensured.

[0030] And, according to another aspect of the present invention, the bonding state of the module frame can be stably maintained even when swelling of the battery cell occurs.

[0031] In addition, the present invention may have various other effects, which will be described in each embodiment configuration, or the description of effects that can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art will be omitted.

[0032] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and together with the detailed description of the invention described below, serve to further understand the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to matters described in such drawings.

[0033] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, Fig. 3 may be a drawing illustrating cross-section I-I' of Fig. 1.

[0036] FIG. 4 is a drawing showing a welded portion of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] FIG. 5 is a top view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] FIG. 6 is a top view of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] FIG. 7 is a drawing showing a module frame of a battery module separated according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion of a module frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a module frame of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10 is a front side elevational view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of the front side of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 12 is a front view of the rear side of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 13 is a rear perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] FIG. 14 is a drawing for explaining that venting gas is discharged to the rear side when a thermal event occurs in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 15 is a full perspective view of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] FIG. 16 is a drawing showing a module frame of a battery module separated according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion of a module frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 18 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 19 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, it should be noted that the terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as limited to their conventional or dictionary meanings. Based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concepts of terms to best explain his or her invention, they should be interpreted in a way that aligns with the technical spirit of the present invention.

[0053] Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modified examples that can replace them at the time of filing this application.

[0054] Furthermore, the present invention includes various embodiments. For each embodiment, redundant descriptions of substantially identical or similar components will be omitted, and the differences will be described.

[0055] Meanwhile, in the present invention, terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, front, and back may be used, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art that these terms are only for convenience of explanation and may vary depending on the location of the target object or the location of the observer.

[0056] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis direction shown in the drawing may mean the left-right direction, i.e., the first direction, the Y-axis direction may mean the front-back direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the horizontal plane (XY plane), i.e., the second direction, and the Z-axis direction may mean the up-down direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, i.e., the height direction of the battery cell.

[0057]

[0058] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention. Additionally, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, FIG. 3 may be a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' of FIG. 1.

[0059] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a battery module (10) according to the present invention includes a cell assembly (100) and a module frame (200).

[0060] A cell assembly (100) may include one or more battery cells (110), particularly a plurality of battery cells (110). Here, each battery cell (110) may refer to a single secondary battery or may refer to a battery group comprising multiple secondary batteries. In this specification, the description will be based on the assumption that a battery cell (110) represents a single secondary battery.

[0061] A plurality of battery cells (110) may include an electrode assembly, a cell case (111) that accommodates the electrode assembly, and an electrode lead (112) that is connected to the electrode assembly and extends outward from the cell case (111) to function as an electrode terminal.

[0062] At this time, the shape of the cell case (111) can be configured in various ways, and depending on the shape of the cell case (111), the battery cell (110) can be classified into a pouch-type cell, a cylindrical cell, a square cell, etc. Since the types of these battery cells (110) were widely known at the time of filing of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Although the drawings of the present specification illustrate a pouch-type battery cell, the present invention is applicable to all types of secondary batteries known at the time of filing of the present invention, and is not limited to a specific type of secondary battery.

[0063] In the cell assembly (100), a plurality of battery cells (110) may be configured in a form in which they are stacked in a first direction. For example, a plurality of battery cells (110) may be stacked in a form in which they are arranged in a left-right direction (±X-axis direction) as indicated by arrow D1 in FIG. 2. In addition, a plurality of battery cells (110) provided in the cell assembly (100) may be electrically connected to each other in series and / or in parallel through a bus bar (420) or the like, which will be described later.

[0064] Meanwhile, the module frame (200) may be configured to accommodate the cell assembly (100). Specifically, the module frame (200) may be configured to have a receiving space formed therein, and the cell assembly (100) may be accommodated in the receiving space. For example, the module frame (200) may be configured to have a rectangular parallelepiped shape formed by combining multiple parts. The module frame (200) may be at least partially composed of metal and / or plastic materials.

[0065] More specifically, referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the module frame (200) may include a first frame (210) and a second frame (220). At this time, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may have the same configuration with only the arrangement direction being different. That is, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may have the same structure. Specifically, when manufacturing the module frame (200), multiple first frames (210) may be manufactured, and then the two first frames (210) may be coupled to each other to form the exterior of the module frame (200). The first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be assembled to accommodate the cell assembly (100) therein.

[0066] In particular, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured in a mutually rotationally symmetrical form and may be coupled to each other. That is, when the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are coupled, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured to be symmetrical in the horizontal direction and / or the vertical direction. The second frame (220) may be configured by rotating the first frame (210) in the horizontal direction and / or the vertical direction.

[0067] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the number of components of the module frame (200) can be minimized, allowing the exterior of the module frame (200) to be achieved with just one component of the same structure. Accordingly, manufacturing costs and time, etc., can be reduced in manufacturing the battery module (10). Consequently, productivity can be improved, and convenience of management can be enhanced.

[0068] In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the module frame (200) can be formed with only two parts, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220), to accommodate the entire cell assembly (100). Accordingly, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the joining area of ​​the various parts of the module frame (200) is minimized, even if an impact or vibration occurs to the battery module (10), the module frame (200) can be prevented from being damaged or broken. As a result, the structural stability of the battery module (10) can be secured.

[0069] In particular, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, even if a thermal event such as venting gas or flame occurs in the battery module (10), the coupled state of the module frame (200) can be stably maintained. Accordingly, the module frame (200) can be prevented from being separated and venting gas or flames from leaking to the outside. In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to effectively prevent the spread of fire by oxygen or the like entering the interior through damaged or broken portions of the module frame (200). As a result, the safety of the battery module can be ensured.

[0070]

[0071] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be configured to be coupled in a mutually symmetrical form. That is, when the battery module (10) is viewed from above while the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are coupled, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be configured in a point-symmetrical form based on the exact center of the portion where the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are coupled.

[0072] From another perspective, the second frame (220) may be configured in a form in which the first frame (210) is rotated 180 degrees in the horizontal direction. Alternatively, the second frame (220) may be configured in a form in which the first frame (210) is reversed in the forward-backward direction.

[0073] More specifically, referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, when the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are combined, the A1 portion of the first frame (210) and the A1 portion of the second frame (220) may be provided at diagonal positions formed along the horizontal direction, and the A2 portion of the first frame (210) and the A2 portion of the second frame (220) may be provided at diagonal positions formed along the horizontal direction. In other words, the A1 portion located at the upper right of the first frame (210) may be located at the upper left of the second frame (220), and the A2 portion located at the upper left of the first frame (210) may be located at the upper right of the second frame (220).

[0074] Accordingly, two identical parts can be mutually joined by rotating only one part in the horizontal direction. According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the manufacturing cost and time, etc., in manufacturing a battery module (10) can be effectively reduced, thereby further improving productivity.

[0075]

[0076] Meanwhile, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured to be mutually coupled along a second direction that is horizontally orthogonal to the first direction. For example, the second frame (220) may be coupled by moving in a direction from the rear of the first frame (210) toward the front in a form that is symmetrical with respect to the first frame (210). That is, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be mutually coupled along the front-back direction (±Y-axis direction), as indicated by arrow D2 in FIG. 2.

[0077] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are coupled in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the battery cell (110) swells, the coupling state of the module frame (200) can be stably maintained even when swelling of the battery cell (110) occurs.

[0078] In addition, the battery module (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention may be configured such that the venting induction direction of the venting gas generated from the battery cell (110) and the second direction, which is the assembly direction of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220), are orthogonal to each other. For example, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be assembled by moving inward along the front-back direction, and the venting induction direction may be configured in the upward direction.

[0079] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the area where the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are joined in the venting induction direction can be minimized. That is, since the direction in which venting gas or flames are discharged and the direction in which the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are assembled do not match, the separation of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) due to the pressure of the venting gas or flames can be minimized. Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, even if a thermal event such as venting gas or flames occurs in the battery module (10), the joining state of the module frame (200) can be stably maintained, so that the structural stability of the battery module (10) can be secured.

[0080] Referring to the drawings, the venting induction direction will be described in more detail. The module frame (200) may have a venting hole (VH) formed on at least one side. For example, the venting hole (VH) may be formed in the first frame (210), and may also be formed in the second frame (220) provided by rotating the first frame (210) 180 degrees in the horizontal direction. This venting hole (VH) may be configured to discharge the venting gas generated in the battery cell (110) to the outside of the module frame (200).

[0081] For example, the venting hole (VH) may be formed in a completely open form so as to penetrate the module frame (200) in the internal and external directions. However, the venting hole (VH) may not be completely open, but may be formed in a form that is closed under normal conditions and can be opened according to changes in pressure, temperature, etc.

[0082] A plurality of venting holes (VH) may be provided. Furthermore, the venting holes (VH) may be formed in a shape that extends in one direction. For example, the venting holes (VH) may be formed in a shape that extends in the longitudinal direction (second direction) of the battery cell (110).

[0083] According to this embodiment of the present invention, the pressure inside the battery module (10) increases due to the venting hole (VH), thereby preventing the battery module (10) from exploding. In addition, in this case, the direction of venting gas discharge can be induced.

[0084] These venting holes (VH) may be formed on the upper surface of the module frame (200). That is, the venting induction direction of the battery module (10) may be directed upward. In addition, in this case, the coupling direction of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be a front-back direction (second direction) that is orthogonal to the upper direction.

[0085] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, when the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are assembled in the front-back direction, the venting induction direction is induced upward, thereby minimizing separation of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) due to pressure such as venting gas or flame. Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, even if a thermal event such as venting gas or flame occurs in the battery module (10), the coupling state of the module frame (200) is stably maintained, so that the structural stability of the battery module (10) can be secured.

[0086] Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 3, when the battery cell (110) is provided as a pouch-type battery cell, the cell case (111) may be provided with a receiving portion (111a) and a sealing portion (111b). The receiving portion (111a) may be configured to receive an electrode assembly, and the sealing portion (111b) may be configured to seal the outer edge of the receiving portion (111a) by heat fusion. For example, one cell case (111) may be folded in the middle to receive an electrode assembly therebetween, and may include a receiving portion (111a) receiving the electrode assembly, and a sealing portion (111b) in which three edges of the outer edge of the receiving portion (111a) are sealed.

[0087] Meanwhile, the electrode leads (112) may be provided as a pair, and the pair of electrode leads (112) may be extended from both ends of the battery cell (110), i.e., in the longitudinal direction (second direction). At this time, the pair of electrode leads (112) may be a positive lead and a negative lead. If necessary, the battery cell (110) may have a form in which the two electrode leads (112) are positioned only at one end in the second direction, for example, at the end in the +Y-axis direction.

[0088] At this time, the sealing portion (111b) may include a portion from which the electrode lead (112) is pulled out and a portion from which the electrode lead (112) is not pulled out. For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the portion of the sealing portion (111a) from which the electrode lead (112) is pulled out may be provided on both sides along the second direction (front-back direction) of the cell case (111), and the portion from which the electrode lead (112) is not pulled out may be provided at the top. That is, a plurality of battery cells (110) may be stacked face to face so that the electrode lead (112) is pulled out in the front-back direction and the sealing portion (111a) from which the electrode lead (112) is not pulled out faces upward.

[0089] At this time, the venting gas generated in the battery cell (110) can be vented to the outside through the sealing portion (111a) from which the electrode lead (112) is not withdrawn. As a result, the venting gas can be induced to vent upward. According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the venting gas vented upward from the battery cell (110) can be vented to the outside of the battery module (10) through the venting hole (VH) provided at the top.

[0090] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the venting direction of the battery cell (110) can be more effectively induced to face upward. Accordingly, when the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are assembled in the front-back direction, even if a thermal event such as venting gas or flame occurs in the battery module (10), separation of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) due to the pressure of the venting gas or flame can be minimized. Accordingly, the structural stability of the battery module (10) can be further secured.

[0091] Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 2, the battery module (10) of the present invention may further include a busbar frame assembly (400). The busbar frame assembly (400) may be provided inside the module frame (200) and configured to cover at least one side of a plurality of battery cells (110). The busbar frame assembly (400) may be positioned on the side from which the electrode leads (112) of the battery cells (110) are drawn out. For example, the busbar frame assembly (400) may be coupled to the front and rear of the plurality of battery cells (110).

[0092] A busbar frame assembly (400) may include a busbar frame (410) and a plurality of busbars (420). The busbar frame (410) may be arranged to be connected to the front and rear of a plurality of battery cells (110). The busbar frame (410) may have slits through which electrode leads of the battery cells (110) can be drawn out in the front-back direction.

[0093] Additionally, the busbar frame (410) may be formed of a material having electrical insulation properties, such as a plastic material, and may be configured to allow a busbar (420) to be attached to the outer surface.

[0094] Meanwhile, a plurality of bus bars (420) may be made of a metal material such as copper, aluminum, nickel, etc., and may be provided in the shape of a bar as a means for connecting battery cells (110) in series and / or in parallel.

[0095] The electrode leads (112) of the battery cells (110) pass through the slits of the busbar frame (410) and are drawn outward from the busbar frame (410), and the portion drawn out in this manner can be attached to the surface of the busbar (420) by welding or the like.

[0096]

[0097] FIG. 4 is a drawing showing a welded portion of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a drawing showing a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention viewed from above.

[0098] Meanwhile, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured in a hexahedral shape with one side open. As a more specific example, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured to have four corners at each open end. For example, in the exemplary configuration of FIG. 2, the first frame (210) located at the front may be configured in an approximately square shape when viewed from the rear side. Similarly, the second frame (220) may be configured in an approximately square shape when viewed from the front side. Therefore, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured in an approximately square shape, with each of the open ends having corners at the top, bottom, left, and right sides, for a total of four corners.

[0099] At this time, when the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are combined, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured so that their open ends face each other and are combined. That is, the four corners of the first frame (210) and the four corners of the second frame (220) may be configured so as to face each other. Accordingly, the module frame (200) may be configured in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0100] When the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are coupled to each other, the first frame (210) may be configured to receive a portion of the cell assembly (100) on one side, and the second frame (220) may be configured to receive the remaining portion of the cell assembly (100) on the other side by being coupled to the first frame (210). For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the first frame (210) may be configured to receive a portion of the front side of the cell assembly (100), and the second frame (220) may be configured to receive the remaining portion of the rear side of the cell assembly (100).

[0101] Specifically, after at least a portion of the cell assembly (100) is accommodated in the first frame (210) or the second frame (220), the remaining second frame (220) or the first frame (210) is coupled so that the cell assembly (100) can be accommodated inside the module frame (200). At this time, various fastening methods such as welding, bonding, bolting, and hooking can be used to secure the coupling between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220).

[0102] Additionally, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured to accommodate the cell assembly (100) in separate portions. For example, the upper surface, lower surface, and left and right sides of the cell assembly (100) may be configured to be dividedly covered by the first frame (210) and the second frame (220).

[0103] In other words, the first frame (210) may be configured to surround a portion of the upper surface, lower surface, and left and right sides of the cell assembly (100) and the front surface of the cell assembly (100), and the second frame (220) may be configured to surround the remaining portions of the upper surface, lower surface, and left and right sides of the cell assembly (100) and the rear surface of the cell assembly (100). Accordingly, the front surface of the cell assembly (100) may be covered by the first frame (210), and the rear surface of the cell assembly (100) may be covered by the second frame (220).

[0104] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the remaining portion, excluding the area where the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are joined, particularly the front and rear surfaces of the cell assembly (100), can be completely covered by the first frame (210) and the second frame (220). Accordingly, when a thermal event occurs in the battery module (10), venting gas or flames can be minimized from flowing toward the adjacent battery module (10) through the front and rear surfaces of the module frame (200).

[0105] In particular, referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, a weld (W) may be formed at the open ends where the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) face each other. For example, the weld (W) may be formed at the center of the module frame (200).

[0106] The first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be configured such that their ends are in contact with each other. In this way, by welding the contacting portions of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220), a welded portion (W) can be formed.

[0107] The weld (W) may be formed at at least one of the four corners of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220). In particular, the weld (W) may be formed at the portion where the four corners of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) face each other. That is, the weld (W) may be formed at all of the upper, lower, left, and right portions where the inner open ends of each of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) face each other.

[0108] The welded portion (W) may be configured in a line shape. For example, referring to the configuration of FIG. 4, which is a top view of the battery module (10) according to the present invention, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured in a line shape that extends from one side to the other while the upper portions of each component are welded to each other. More specifically, the upper welded portion of the module frame (200) may be configured in a line shape that extends from the portion where the left corner is located to the portion where the right corner is located.

[0109] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be more stably joined. In addition, in this case, the leakage of venting gas or flames between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be more effectively prevented.

[0110]

[0111] FIG. 6 is a top view of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0112] The weld (W) can be formed in various shapes other than the above-described embodiment. For example, the weld (W) can be formed in the shape of a line that is at least partially bent. In particular, the weld (W) can be formed in a zigzag shape. That is, as in the embodiment of FIG. 6, on one surface (top surface) of the battery module (10), the weld (W) can be formed in a zigzag shape that protrudes forward and backward around the central portion (inner side) of the battery module (10).

[0113] As a more specific example, referring to FIG. 6, the open end of the first frame (210) may be configured in a protruding shape. At least one first protrusion (P1) protruding outward (rearward) may be formed at the open end of the first frame (210). Similarly, since the second frame (220) is the first frame (210) rotated 180 degrees in the horizontal direction, a second protrusion (P2) may be provided at the front end of the second frame (220). At this time, the first protrusion (P1) and the second protrusion (P2) may be arranged to be staggered along the left-right direction (the first direction).

[0114] These first protrusions (P1) may be provided in multiple numbers and may be provided at all four corners of the first frame (210).

[0115] According to this embodiment of the present invention, the length of the weld (W) can be formed to be long. That is, referring to the embodiment of FIG. 6, the length of the weld (W) can be formed to be longer than the width in the left and right directions of the module frame (200). Accordingly, the bonding strength of the weld (W) can be further improved, thereby increasing the bonding strength between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220).

[0116] In particular, in the case of the above-described implementation configuration, since the welded portion (W) is distributed over a wide area in the joining direction of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220), the tensile stress for the joining portion between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be improved.

[0117] Moreover, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, a fitting joint configuration between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) is implemented, so that the fixing force therebetween can be further improved. In addition, the sealing performance of the welded portion (W) can be further improved.

[0118]

[0119] FIG. 7 is a drawing showing a separated module frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion of a module frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0120] Meanwhile, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured such that one component supports the other component outwardly. For example, the front end of the second frame (220) and the rear end of the first frame (210) may be configured such that they are mutually inserted and fastened.

[0121] Specifically, one of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured to be mounted on another component. That is, when the cross-section of the module frame (200) is viewed from the side, the inner open end of the first frame (210) and the inner open end of the second frame (220) may be configured to be perpendicular to each other.

[0122] The rear end of the first frame (210) may be provided with both a first protrusion (P1) and a first concave portion (G1). The first concave portion (G1) may be provided between the first protrusions (P1). The first concave portion (G1) may be configured to be at least partially recessed inward at the rear end of the first frame (210). The first concave portion (G1) may be configured to be recessed inward (downward) relatively more than the first protrusion (P1).

[0123] The first concave portion (G1) may be provided in multiple numbers and configured to be spaced apart from each other. That is, the first concave portion (G1) and the first protrusion (P1) may be provided alternately at the rear end of the first frame (210).

[0124] Likewise, since the second frame (220) is the first frame (210) rotated 180 degrees in the horizontal direction, the front end of the second frame (220) may be provided with a second protrusion (P2) and a second concave portion (G2). The second concave portion (G2) may be configured in a form that is at least partially recessed inward at the front end of the second frame (220). The second concave portions (G2) may be provided in multiple numbers and configured to be spaced apart from each other.

[0125] At this time, the first protrusion (P1) and the second protrusion (P2) may be arranged to be staggered from each other along the left-right direction (first direction). In addition, the second concave portion (G2) may be arranged to be staggered from the first concave portion (G1) along the left-right direction (first direction).

[0126] The second concave portion (G2) may be configured to allow the first protrusion (P1) to be seated therein. In addition, the first concave portion (G1) may be configured to allow the second protrusion (P2) to be seated therein. The first / second concave portions (G1, G2) may be provided at positions corresponding to the second / first protrusions (P2, P1), respectively. In addition, the first protrusion (P1) and the second protrusion (P2) may be configured to correspond to the lengths of the first concave portion (G1) and the second concave portion (G2), respectively. Accordingly, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be configured to be mutually insertably coupled.

[0127] In this embodiment, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, the weld (W) may be formed in a bent line shape along the uneven shape of the first frame (210). In addition, the weld (W) may be formed at a portion where the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) support each other in the front-rear direction. For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, the weld (W) formed on the upper surface of the module frame (200) may be formed at a point where the outermost portion of the second protrusion (P2) of the second frame (220) contacts the first concave portion (G) of the first frame (210).

[0128] According to this configuration of the present invention, since one component of the module frame (200) supports the other component in an upward (outward) direction, the contact state between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be stably maintained during the welding process. Accordingly, weldability can be improved.

[0129] In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the concave portions (G1, G2) are provided, it is possible to prevent the battery cells (110) accommodated inside the module frame (200) from being damaged during the welding process.

[0130] Moreover, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7, the support configuration of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be formed on the entire edges of the first frame (210) or the second frame (220), such as the upper, lower, left, and right sides. In this case, since the protrusions (P1, P2) are inserted into the interior of other components (concave portions (G1, G2)), the insertion fastening configuration between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be implemented entirely on the module frame (200). Accordingly, the mechanical coupling force and assembling ability between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be further improved.

[0131]

[0132] FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a module frame of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a front side front view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a front side exploded perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0133] Referring to FIG. 9, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) may be formed with a first hole (H1) and a second hole (H2), respectively. That is, the first frame (210) may be formed with a first hole (H1), and the second frame (220) may be formed with the same structure as the first frame (210), so that a second hole (H2) may be formed. The first hole (H1) and the second hole (H2) may be formed at the closed end-side corners of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220), respectively. The first hole (H1) and the second hole (H2) may be formed at the end-side vertices of the first frame (210) and the second frame (220), respectively. For example, the first hole (H1) may be formed at the front-side corner of the first frame (210). The first hole (H1) may be formed by penetrating at least a portion of the upper surface, the front surface, the left surface, and the right surface on the closed end side of the first frame (210).

[0134] In addition, the first hole (H1) and the second hole (H2) may each be provided in multiple numbers. For example, three first holes (H1) may be provided at the front side corners of the first frame (210). The first holes (H1) may be provided at the left and right corners of the front side of the first frame (210). In addition, a plurality of first holes (H1) may be arranged in parallel along the left and right direction. The first hole (H1) may be configured to expose a control device or an electrical or communication connection device of the battery module (10), such as a module terminal (300) or a connector, which will be described later, to the outside.

[0135] Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 9 to 11, a battery module (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a module terminal (300). The module terminal (300) may be configured to be electrically connected to an electrode lead (112) of a battery cell (110). The module terminal (300) may include a positive terminal and a negative terminal. In addition, the module terminal (300) may be configured to be electrically or communicatively connected to a control device such as a BMS.

[0136] The module terminal (300) may be provided on the side from which the electrode lead (112) of the battery cell (110) is drawn out. For example, the module terminal (300) may be provided on the front side of the module frame (200). The module terminal (300) may be provided on the busbar frame (410). The module terminal (300) may be two busbars (420) provided on the outermost side among a plurality of busbars (420).

[0137] The first frame (210) may be configured to at least partially cover the module terminal (300). According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the first frame (210) is configured to protect the module terminal (300), it is possible to minimize high-temperature venting gas or flames from being directed toward the module terminal (300) of the battery module (10) in the event of an abnormal condition of the adjacent battery module (10).

[0138] In addition, the module terminal (300) may be configured such that at least a portion thereof penetrates the first hole (H1). Accordingly, the module terminal (300) may be configured such that it protrudes outwardly from the first frame (210) through the first hole (H1). Two module terminals (300) may be provided, and two first holes (H1) may be provided on both left and right sides of the first frame (210).

[0139] Referring to FIG. 11, a battery module (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include an insulating cover (500). The insulating cover (500) may be configured to electrically insulate the module frame (200) from the bus bar (420) or the electrode lead (112). For example, the module frame (210) may be made of a metal material such as aluminum, and the insulating cover (500) may be made of plastic.

[0140] An insulating cover (500) may be provided on the inside of the module frame (200). That is, the insulating cover (500) may be provided between the module frame (200), the cell assembly (100), and the busbar frame assembly (400). Specifically, the insulating cover (500) may be inserted into the closed end side of the module frame (200) and assembled to the cell assembly (100) and the busbar frame assembly (400).

[0141] As the insulating cover (500) is inserted between the module frame (200), the cell assembly (100), and the busbar frame assembly (400) as in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the end plate forming the front and rear surfaces of the module frame in a conventional battery module has an insulating cover on the inside, so that assembly can be secured compared to when the insulating cover and the end plate are welded to the cell assembly.

[0142] In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the possibility of the insulating cover (500) being separated when the internal pressure of the battery module (10) increases is minimized, so that electrical insulation and structural stability can be secured.

[0143] Moreover, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, separation of the cell assembly (100) and the insulating cover (500) due to venting gas or flame, etc., is suppressed, thereby preventing venting gas or flame, etc. from being discharged toward the front of the battery module (10). As a result, thermal runaway propagation between the battery modules (10) can be prevented.

[0144] This insulating cover (500) may include a first insulating cover (500A) provided on the first frame (210) side and a second insulating cover (500B) provided on the second frame (220) side.

[0145] The first insulating cover (500A) may be configured to electrically insulate the module frame (200) and the module terminal (300). The first insulating cover (500A) may be configured to surround the outer perimeter of the portion where the module terminal (300) is exposed to the outside.

[0146] In addition, referring to FIG. 11, the first insulating cover (500A) may be provided with a through hole (510). The through hole (510) may be configured to allow the module terminal (300) to pass through to the outside. The through hole (510) may be provided at a position corresponding to the first hole (H1). Accordingly, the module terminal (300) may be configured to be at least partially exposed to the outside through the first hole (H1) and the through hole (510).

[0147]

[0148] Fig. 12 is a front view of the rear side of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the rear side of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention. In addition, Fig. 14 is a drawing for explaining that venting gas is discharged to the rear side when a thermal event occurs in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0149] As described above, the battery module (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention may be provided with a first hole (H1) in the first frame (210) to configure the module terminal (300) to be electrically or communicatively connected to a control device such as a BMS by at least partially exposing it to the outside. Accordingly, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13, a second hole (H2) may inevitably be provided in a second frame (220) having the same structure as the first frame (210).

[0150] This second hole (H2) may be configured to allow the module terminal (300) to pass through it, like the first hole (H1). Alternatively, as in the embodiment illustrated in the drawing, when the module terminal (300) is not provided on the rear side of the battery module (10), the second hole (H2) may be configured to allow venting gas discharged from the battery cell (110) to flow out. That is, the second hole (H2) may be configured to discharge heat to the outside together with the venting hole (VH) when a thermal event occurs in the internal space of the battery module (10).

[0151] According to this embodiment of the present invention, venting gas discharged from the battery module (10) can be dispersed and discharged upward and rearward. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a concentrated increase in temperature at a specific portion outside the battery module (10). Accordingly, it is possible to prevent an explosion of the battery module (10) due to an increase in pressure inside the battery module (10). Furthermore, in this case, the location of venting gas discharge can be limited.

[0152] In addition, since the second hole (H2) is located at the rearmost position in the battery module, the venting gas inside the battery module (10) can be quickly and smoothly discharged to the outside. In particular, the cell assemblies (100) inside the battery module (10) can be stacked in the left-right direction while standing upright, as illustrated in FIG. 2. At this time, the venting gas discharged from one or more battery cells (110) included in the cell assembly (100) tends to gather at the front or rear of the battery module (10), which is the space where the electrode lead (112) is located. In this case, as in the above embodiment, by making the second hole (H2) located as close to the rear side of the battery module (10) as possible, the venting gas can be discharged more quickly and smoothly through the second hole (H2). In addition, in this case, the venting gas or heat such as a flame can be suppressed or blocked from moving toward the front side of the battery module (10) in which the module terminal (300) is provided.

[0153] Meanwhile, in the above-described embodiment, the insulating cover (500), i.e., the second insulating cover (500B), may be configured to cover the second hole (H2). According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, moisture or foreign substances can be prevented from entering the interior of the battery module (10) through the second hole (H2).

[0154] Additionally, at least a portion of the insulating cover (500) may be configured to be opened by venting gas when a thermal event such as venting gas occurs inside the battery module (10). For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13, the second insulating cover (500B) is made of plastic and may be partially melted and opened by heat such as venting gas or a flame.

[0155] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, in the normal state of the battery module (10), the second insulating cover (500B) maintains insulation between the module frame (200) and the electrode lead (112), and when a thermal event occurs, a part of the second insulating cover (500B) is opened so that venting gas or flames, etc. can be quickly discharged to the outside.

[0156]

[0157] FIG. 15 is a full perspective view of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0158] Meanwhile, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be configured to be combined in a mutually vertically and horizontally symmetrical form. That is, when the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are combined, the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be configured in a mutually vertically, horizontally, and leftwardly symmetrical form based on a point located at the exact center of the surface where the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are combined.

[0159] From another perspective, the second frame (220) may be configured such that the first frame (210) is rotated 180 degrees in the horizontal direction and also 180 degrees in the vertical direction. Alternatively, the second frame (220) may be configured such that the first frame (210) is inverted in the forward-backward direction and the up-down direction.

[0160] More specifically, referring to FIG. 15, when the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are combined, the B1 portion located at the upper left of the first frame (210) may be located at the lower left of the second frame (220), and the B2 portion located at the upper right of the first frame (210) may be located at the lower right of the second frame (220).

[0161] Accordingly, the first hole (H1) may be located at the front upper portion of the first frame (210), and the second hole (H2) may be located at the rear lower portion of the second frame (220). According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the second hole (H2) is located at the lower portion, when the battery module (10) is mounted on another structure such as a battery pack (1), moisture or foreign substances may be prevented from entering the interior of the battery module (10).

[0162]

[0163] FIG. 16 is a drawing showing a separated module frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion of a module frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0164] In particular, as in the above embodiment, when the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are combined in a symmetrical form in the upper, lower, left, and right directions, a structure in which the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are mutually inserted and connected can be implemented more simply.

[0165] For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 17, a third protrusion (P3) formed to protrude backward (in the +Y-axis direction) may be provided at the upper right and lower left of the first frame (210). In addition, a third concave portion (G3) configured to be recessed inward may be provided at the upper left and lower right of the first frame (210). The third concave portion (G3) may be provided between the third protrusions (P3). The third protrusion (P3) may be configured to correspond to the length and width of the third concave portion (G3).

[0166] Accordingly, the second frame (220), which is formed by rotating the first frame (210) 180 degrees in the horizontal direction and 180 degrees in the vertical direction, may be provided with a third protrusion (P3) at the lower right and upper left sides, and a third concave portion (G3) at the upper right and lower left sides.

[0167] In this case, the rear end of the first frame (210) and the front end of the second frame (220) can be configured to be inserted and fastened in an interlocked manner.

[0168] At this time, the weld (W) may be formed at a portion where the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) support each other in the front-back direction. For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17, the weld (W) may be formed at the upper end of the module frame (200), at a point where the outermost portion of the third protrusion (P3) of the second frame (220) contacts the third concave portion (G3) of the first frame (210).

[0169] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, when the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) are mutually coupled with only the simple shape of the first frame (210), a configuration in which the third protrusion (P3) is inserted into the interior of another component can be provided at the upper and lower portions. Accordingly, the insertion and fastening configuration between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be implemented more simply. Accordingly, the mechanical coupling strength and assembly efficiency between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be improved.

[0170] In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the contact state between the first frame (210) and the second frame (220) can be stably maintained during the welding process. Accordingly, weldability can be improved.

[0171] Moreover, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the battery cells (110) accommodated inside the module frame (200) from being damaged during the welding process.

[0172] Meanwhile, the positions of the third protrusion (P3) and the third concave portion (G3) formed in the first frame (210) illustrated in FIG. 16 are exemplary, and of course, they can be provided in various positions.

[0173] In addition, in the above embodiment, the third protrusion (P3), the third concave portion (G3) and the weld portion (W) can be configured in various shapes, such as a line shape that is at least partially bent, as well as a straight shape as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17.

[0174]

[0175] Figure 18 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0176] Referring to FIG. 18, a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include one or more battery modules (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention as described above. In addition, the battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a pack case (2). The pack case (2) may be configured to accommodate a plurality of battery modules (10). The pack case (2) may be formed in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped box.

[0177] Additionally, although not shown in the drawing, the pack case (2) may be configured to accommodate components such as a BMS (Battery Management System), a current sensor, and a fuse for integrated control of charging and discharging of one or more battery cells (110) therein.

[0178]

[0179] Figure 19 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0180] Referring to FIG. 19, a vehicle (3) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include one or more battery packs (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle (3) according to the present invention may be, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle. The vehicle (3) may include a four-wheel vehicle and a two-wheel vehicle. The vehicle (3) may operate by receiving power from a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0181]

[0182] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims to be described below by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Claims

1. A cell assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells; and A battery module comprising a module frame having a first frame and a second frame configured to be mutually coupled to accommodate the cell assembly, wherein the first frame and the second frame are configured in a mutually rotationally symmetrical shape.

2. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that the first frame and the second frame are configured to be coupled in a mutually symmetrical form.

3. In paragraph 1, The above plurality of battery cells are configured to be stacked in the first direction, A battery module characterized in that the first frame and the second frame are configured to be mutually coupled along a second direction that is horizontally orthogonal to the first direction.

4. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that the first frame and the second frame are configured in a hexahedral shape with one side open.

5. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that the first frame and the second frame are configured so that their open ends face each other and are joined.

6. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that a weld is formed at the open ends where the first frame and the second frame face each other.

7. In paragraph 6, A battery module, characterized in that the first frame and the second frame each have a first hole and a second hole formed at an end vertex.

8. In paragraph 7, A battery module characterized in that the first hole and the second hole are each provided in multiple numbers.

9. In paragraph 7, A battery module characterized in that it further includes a module terminal configured to penetrate the first hole and to be electrically connected to the electrode lead of the battery cell.

10. In paragraph 7, A battery module characterized in that the second hole is configured to allow venting gas discharged from the battery cell to flow out.

11. In paragraph 10, A battery module characterized in that it further includes an insulating cover provided between the module frame and the cell assembly and configured to electrically insulate the module frame and the electrode leads of the battery cell.

12. In paragraph 11, A battery module characterized in that the insulating cover covers the second hole and is configured such that at least a portion of the insulating cover is opened by the venting gas.

13. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that the first frame and the second frame are configured to be combined in a mutually vertically and horizontally symmetrical form.

14. A battery pack comprising a battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A vehicle comprising a battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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