Combinations comprising BRD9 bifunctional compounds and their use in the treatment of cancer

Abstract

Chemotherapeutic Combinations The present disclosure relates to novel combinations of bifunctional molecules that contain a BRD9 binding ligand with at least one chemotherapeutic agent. The novel combinations are useful in the treatment of cancer.

Description

[0001] Chemotherapeutic Combinations FIELD The present disclosure relates to combinations of compounds that are useful in the treatment of cancer. BACKGROUND Targeted Protein Degradation (TPD) is a therapeutic modality, which relies on the use of synthetic molecules to repurpose intracellular protein degradation machinery to induce degradation of specific disease-causing proteins, including disease-causing proteins which are associated with cancer (such as BRD9). One group of compounds which can be used to affect TPD are the compounds of formula (X), which have the general structure TBL-L-Z, wherein TBL is a target protein binding ligand, L is a linker; and Z is a “warhead” (i.e. a group which recruits the intracellular protein degradation machinery), as described below. A specific group of compounds of formula (X) are the compounds of formula (XX), which have the general structure TBL-L-Z wherein Z comprises a structure according to formula (I): in detail in WO2024 / 057021. of formula (X) are the compounds of formula (3): wherein L, R1, below. It has been therapy with one or more additional chemotherapeutic agents. SUMMARY In a first aspect, the invention provides a combination of a compound of formula (X) with at least one chemotherapeutic agent. In a second aspect, the invention provides the compound of formula (X) for use in medicine wherein said compound of formula (X) is for administration as a part of a combination therapy with one or more chemotherapeutic agents. DETAILED DESCRIPTION In a first aspect, the invention provides a combination of a compound of formula (X) (e.g. a compound of formula (XX) or a compound of formula (3)) with at least one chemotherapeutic agent. The compounds of formula (X) comprise a general structure of: TBL – L – Z wherein TBL is a target protein binding ligand; L is a linker; and Z comprises a structure according to formula (I): wherein R1is selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S and / or is substituted with a carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; A is absent or is CR2R2’; B is selected from aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl and substituted heteroaryl; R2and R2’are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, S or halo, or wherein R2and R2’together form an optionally substituted 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R3is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; R4is H, C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O or S; or wherein R1and R4together form an optionally substituted 5-, 6-, or 7 –membered heterocyclic ring; or wherein when A is CR2R2’: R1and R2together form an optionally substituted 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring; or R2and R4together form an optionally substituted 5-, 6-, or 7- membered heterocyclic or carbocyclic ring; wherein L shows the point of attachment of the linker; or Z comprises a structure according to formula (WZI): wherein: ring A2Ais an optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; R2Ais absent or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, NRy, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and -CH(substituted heteroaryl)-; wherein Ryis optionally substituted C1-6alkyl or H; R3Ais selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker; or Z comprises a structure according to formula (WI): or aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl; R2Ais absent or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and - CH(substituted heteroaryl)-; R3Ais selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2, or a heteroatom selected from O and NRx, wherein Rxis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker; or Z comprises a structure according to formula (A): to carbonyl carbon C1; in particular, wherein Z consists of, or consists essentially of, a structure according to formula (A1): R1A1is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; and wherein the linker is attached to carbonyl carbon C1. In some embodiments, TBL is a target protein binding ligand that binds BRD9. In some embodiments TBL is a target protein binding ligand that binds BRD9, and the BRD9 binder is of formula 1a: Z1is N or CRA; Z2is N or CRB; Z3is N or CRD; Z4is N or CRE; wherein no more than 3 of Z1, Z2, Z3and Z4are N; RAand REare each independently selected from the group consisting of -H, -O-C1-3alkyl and –C1- 3alkyl; RBand RDare each independently selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, -OH, halogen, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3haloalkyl, -C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, -C1- 3alkyl-SO2-C1-3alkyl, -C1-3alkyl-NH2, -C1-3alkyl-N(-C1-3alkyl)2, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -NH-RF; RFis selected from -SO2-C1-3alkyl and –C1-3alkyl, wherein the –C1-3alkyl is optionally substituted with a 5 to 6 membered heteroaryl; alternatively, RAand RBtaken together form a benzene ring; alternatively, RCand Z2or RCand Z3taken together (e.g. RCand RBor RCand RDtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined) form a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl; RCis selected from the group consisting of -H, -Y-RG, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl and 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl; Y is absent or is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, -SO2- and -CO-; RHand RIare each independently selected from -H or –C1-3alkyl; or RHand RItaken together form a –C3-4cycloalkyl, RGis selected from the group consisting of -NH2, -OH, -C1-3alkyl, -N(RJRK), -O-RL, aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, wherein the aryl and heteroaryl are optionally and independently substituted with one or more halogen, optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocylic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl are optionally substituted with any suitable substituent, such as one or more groups independently selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -NHC1-3alkyl, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -O-C1-3alkyl and -CH2-RM1; RM1is selected from 5-10 membered mono- or bicyclic aryl or heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted with -NH2, -OH, halogen, -CN, C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3alkyl; RJis -H or –C1-3alkyl; RKis selected from the group consisting of –C1-3alkyl, -C2-3alkyl-N(C1-3alkyl)2, -C2-3alkyl-NHC1-3alkyl, optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12- membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl are optionally substituted with any suitable substituent, such as –C1-3alkyl; RLis –C1-3alkyl or a 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with C1-3alkyl; wherein when RCis Y-RG, RBand RDare each independently selected from -H, -OH, halogen, - NH2, -CN, -C1-3alkyl, -C1-3haloalkyl, -O-C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3haloalkyl and –C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl; wherein at least one of the substituents RAto REis not hydrogen; and A2is selected from formulae 1b or 1c: , wherein the wavy lines intersect the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE; RMis selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, C2-6alkynyl and H; Z5is N or CRO; Z6is N or CRP; Z7is N or CRN; wherein only one of Z5, Z6and Z7is N; Z8is CRWor N; RNis selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally substituted -C1-6alkyl, -H, C(O)C1- 5alkyl, -NH2, optionally substituted amino, –OH, cyano, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10 carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2- 6heteroalkenyl and thiol; ROis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, cyano, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2– 9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2- 6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, hydroxy, thiol and optionally substituted amino; RPis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl and optionally substituted C6-10aryl; alternatively, RNand Z5taken together, combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene; optionally wherein RNand ROtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined, combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2– 9heteroarene; RSis selected from the group consisting of H, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl and optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl; RTis selected from the group consisting of H, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, optionally substituted sulfone and optionally substituted sulfonamide, or RTand RUtogether with the atoms to which each is attached, form an optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl; RUand RVare each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, hydroxyl, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3- 10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, thiol, optionally substituted sulfone and optionally substituted amino; alternatively, RTand RUtogether with the atoms to which each is attached, form an optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl; RWis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl and optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl; and wherein the BRD9 binder is attached to the linker at any suitable position. In some examples of formula 1a above, the RCgroup may be H and the linker may be attached at this position. In other words, the linker (L) may replace the RCgroup. Such examples may be designated as formula 1a’’. In some examples, the compound is not: In embodiments, the compound of formula (X) comprises compound comprising the general formula: TBL – L – Z wherein TBL is a target protein binding ligand; L is a linker; and Z comprises a structure according to formula (I): wherein R1is selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S and / or is substituted with a carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; A is absent or is CR2R2’; B is selected from aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl and substituted heteroaryl; R2and R2’are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O or S, or wherein R2and R2’together form a 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R3is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; R4is H, C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O or S; or wherein R1and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7 –membered heterocyclic ring; or wherein when A is CR2R2’: R1and R2together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring; or R2and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7- membered heterocyclic or carbocyclic ring; wherein L shows the point of attachment of the linker; and wherein TBL is attached to the linker at any suitable position. In embodiments, the compound of formula (X) comprises compound comprising the general formula: TBL – L – Z wherein TBL is a target protein binding ligand; L is a linker; and Z comprises a structure according to formula (I): wherein R1is selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S and / or is substituted with a carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; A is absent or is CR2R2’; B is selected from aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl and substituted heteroaryl; R2and R2’are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O or S, or wherein R2and R2’together form a 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R3is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; R4is H, C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O or S; or wherein R1and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7 –membered heterocyclic ring; or wherein when A is CR2R2’: R1and R2together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring; or R2and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7- membered heterocyclic or carbocyclic ring; wherein L shows the point of attachment of the linker; and wherein TBL is attached to the linker at any suitable position, wherein the compound is not: In embodiments, the compound of formula (X) is a compound of formula (XX). Compounds of formula (XX) Compounds of formula (XX) are disclosed in WO2024 / 057021 (which is entirely incorporated herein by reference for all purposes). Compounds of formula (XX) comprise a general structure of: TBL – L – Z wherein TBL is a target protein binding ligand that binds BRD9; L is a linker; and Z comprises a structure according to formula (I): wherein R1is selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S and / or is substituted with a carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; A is absent or is CR2R2’; B is selected from aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl and substituted heteroaryl; R2and R2’are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, S or halo, or wherein R2and R2’together form an optionally substituted 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R3is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; R4is H, C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O or S; or wherein R1and R4together form an optionally substituted 5-, 6-, or 7 –membered heterocyclic ring; or wherein when A is CR2R2’: R1and R2together form an optionally substituted 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring; or R2and R4together form an optionally substituted 5-, 6-, or 7- membered heterocyclic or carbocyclic ring; wherein L shows the point of attachment of the linker; or Z comprises a structure according to formula (WZI): wherein: ring A2Ais an optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; R2Ais absent or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, NRy, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and -CH(substituted heteroaryl)-; wherein Ryis optionally substituted C1-6alkyl or H; R3Ais selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker; or Z comprises a structure according to formula (WI): or aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl; R2Ais absent or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and - CH(substituted heteroaryl)-; R3Ais selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2, or a heteroatom selected from O and NRx, wherein Rxis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker; or Z comprises a structure according to formula (A): to carbonyl carbon C1; in particular, wherein Z consists of, or consists essentially of, a structure according to formula (A1): R1A1is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; and wherein the linker is attached to carbonyl carbon C1. In some examples, the BRD9 binder is of formula 1a: Z1is N or CRA; Z2is N or CRB; Z3is N or CRD; Z4is N or CRE; wherein no more than 3 of Z1, Z2, Z3and Z4are N; RAand REare each independently selected from the group consisting of -H, -O-C1-3alkyl and –C1- 3alkyl; RBand RDare each independently selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, -OH, halogen, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3haloalkyl, -C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, -C1- 3alkyl-SO2-C1-3alkyl, -C1-3alkyl-NH2, -C1-3alkyl-N(-C1-3alkyl)2, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -NH-RF; RFis selected from -SO2-C1-3alkyl and –C1-3alkyl, wherein the –C1-3alkyl is optionally substituted with a 5 to 6 membered heteroaryl; alternatively, RAand RBtaken together form a benzene ring; alternatively, RCand Z2or RCand Z3taken together (e.g. RCand RBor RCand RDtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined) form a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl; RCis selected from the group consisting of -H, -Y-RG, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl and 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl; Y is absent or is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, -SO2- and -CO-; RHand RIare each independently selected from -H or –C1-3alkyl; or RHand RItaken together form a –C3-4cycloalkyl, RGis selected from the group consisting of -NH2, -OH, -C1-3alkyl, -N(RJRK), -O-RL, aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, wherein the aryl and heteroaryl are optionally and independently substituted with one or more halogen, optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocylic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl are optionally substituted with any suitable substituent, such as one or more groups independently selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -NHC1-3alkyl, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -O-C1-3alkyl and -CH2-RM1; RM1is selected from 5-10 membered mono- or bicyclic aryl or heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted with -NH2, -OH, halogen, -CN, C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3alkyl; RJis -H or –C1-3alkyl; RKis selected from the group consisting of –C1-3alkyl, -C2-3alkyl-N(C1-3alkyl)2, -C2-3alkyl-NHC1-3alkyl, optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12- membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl are optionally substituted with any suitable substituent, such as –C1-3alkyl; RLis –C1-3alkyl or a 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with C1-3alkyl; wherein when RCis Y-RG, RBand RDare each independently selected from -H, -OH, halogen, - NH2, -CN, -C1-3alkyl, -C1-3haloalkyl, -O-C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3haloalkyl and –C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl; wherein at least one of the substituents RAto REis not hydrogen; and A2is selected from formulae 1b or 1c: , wherein the wavy lines intersect the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE; RMis selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, C2-6alkynyl and H; Z5is N or CRO; Z6is N or CRP; Z7is N or CRN; wherein only one of Z5, Z6and Z7is N; Z8is CRWor N; RNis selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally substituted -C1-6alkyl, -H, C(O)C1- 5alkyl, -NH2, optionally substituted amino, –OH, cyano, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10 carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2- 6heteroalkenyl and thiol; ROis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, cyano, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2– 9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2- 6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, hydroxy, thiol and optionally substituted amino; RPis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl and optionally substituted C6-10aryl; alternatively, RNand Z5taken together, combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene; optionally wherein RNand ROtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined, combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2– 9heteroarene; RSis selected from the group consisting of H, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl and optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl; RTis selected from the group consisting of H, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, optionally substituted sulfone and optionally substituted sulfonamide, or RTand RUtogether with the atoms to which each is attached, form an optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl; RUand RVare each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, hydroxyl, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3- 10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, thiol, optionally substituted sulfone and optionally substituted amino; alternatively, RTand RUtogether with the atoms to which each is attached, form an optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl; RWis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl and optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl; and wherein the BRD9 binder is attached to the linker at any suitable position. In some examples of formula 1a above, the RCgroup may be H and the linker may be attached at this position. In other words, the linker (L) may replace the RCgroup. Such examples may be designated as formula 1a’’. In some examples, the compound is not: Target Protein Binding Ligand (TBL) As used herein, a “target protein binding ligand” refers to a ligand or moiety, which binds BRD9, e.g. specifically binds BRD9. A compound according to this disclosure may comprise a target protein binding ligand, which binds to the BRD9 target protein with sufficient binding affinity such that the BRD9 target protein is more susceptible to degradation or proteolysis than if unbound by the compound. A target protein binding ligand may comprise or be derived from a small molecule (or analogue or fragment thereof) already known to act as a modulator, promoter and / or inhibitor of BRD9 protein function. By way of example, the target protein binding ligand may comprise or be derived from a small molecule that is known to inhibit activity of BRD9 target protein. By way of example, the compounds disclosed herein may comprise a target protein binding ligand that binds to BRD9 with sufficient binding affinity such that BRD9 is selectively degraded. In particular, if the compounds as described herein were to be contacted with BRD9, the observed DC50 values (for degradation of BRD9) may be less than or equal to about 15 µM, less than or equal to about 10 µM, less than or equal to 1000 nM, less than or equal to 500 nM, less than or equal to 100 nM, or less than or equal to 25 nM, less than or equal to 10 nM, less than or equal to 5 nM, less than or equal to 1.25 nM, less than or equal to 1 nM, or less than or equal to 0.5 nM. By way of further example, the target protein binding ligand that binds (e.g. specifically binds) to BRD9 may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of less than or equal to about 10 µM, less than or equal to about 5 µM, or less than or equal to about 3 µM. In some examples, the target protein binding ligand that binds (e.g. specifically binds) to BRD9 may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of less than or equal to 1000 nM, less than or equal to 500 nM, less than or equal to 100 nM, less than or equal to 50 nM, or less than or equal to 20 nM. In some examples, the ligand may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of about 0.001 nM to about 10 µM, such as about 0.001 nM to about 8 µM, about 0.001 nM to about 5 µM, about 0.001 nM to about 3 µM or about 0.001 nM to about 2.7 µM. In some examples, the ligand may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of about 0.01 nM to about 10 µM, such as about 0.01 nM to about 8 µM, about 0.01 nM to about 5 µM, about 0.01 nM to about 3 µM or about 0.01 nM to about 2.7 µM. In some examples, the ligand may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of about 0.1 nM to about 10 µM, such as about 0.1 nM to about 8 µM, about 0.1 nM to about 5 µM, about 0.1 nM to about 3 µM or about 0.1 nM to about 2.7 µM. In some examples, the ligand may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of about 1 nM to about 10 µM, such as about 1 nM to about 8 µM, about 1 nM to about 5 µM, about 1 nM to about 3 µM or about 1 nM to about 2.7 µM. For the avoidance of doubt, the dissociation constant is a measure of the propensity of an object comprising two components bound together to separate (dissociate) into the two components. As used herein, the dissociation constant is the measure of the propensity of the complex formed when the target protein binding ligand binds to the target protein to dissociate into separate components, i.e. the propensity of the target protein binding ligand to dissociate from the target protein. The binding between the BRD9 protein and the target protein binding ligand may comprise one or more binding interactions, such as one or more of the group consisting of hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole bonding, ion-dipole bonding, ion-induced dipole bonding, ionic bonding and covalent bonding. For example, the binding between the BRD9 protein and the target protein binding ligand may comprise a salt bridge (a combination of hydrogen and ionic bonding). In some examples, the compounds of the disclosure may be selective degraders of BRD9 proteins, for example the compounds may selectively degrade BRD9 over other proteins, such as other BRD proteins (e.g. BRD7 or BRD4). In more specific examples, the compounds may be selective degraders of certain types of BRD9 protein. By way of example, the molecules of the disclosure may have a greater binding affinity for certain BRD9 mutants than for other types of protein, such as other types of BRD9 protein (e.g. wild type BRD9). Representative examples of BRD9 targeting agents have been developed over the years, including those described in: WO 2014 / 114721, WO 2016 / 077375, WO 2016 / 077378, WO 2016 / 139361, WO 2019 / 152440, a paper by Martin L. J. et. al., (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2016, 59, 4462-4475) titled “Structure-Based Design of an in Vivo Active Selective BRD9 Inhibitor”; a paper by Theodoulou N. H. et. al., (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2015, 59, 1425-1439) titled “Discovery of I-BRD9, a selective Cell Active Chemical Probe for Bromodomain Containing Protein 9 Inhibition”; and a paper by Clack P. et. al., (Angewandte Chemie, 2015, 127, 6315-6319). Such BRD9 binding molecules (as referenced in the paragraph above) can be incorporated into the compounds of the present disclosure as the target protein binding ligand (TBL). As described above, the BRD9 binder of the present disclosure is of formula 1a: Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4and RCare as defined above. In some embodiments, no more than 1 of Z1, Z2, Z3and Z4of formula 1a is N. Sometimes, Z1is CRA, Z2is CRB, Z3is N or CRDand Z4is CRE, i.e. only Z3may be N. In such embodiments, the BRD9 binder may be of formula 1a’: RA, RB, RC, RE, Z3and A2are as defined above and herein. A2is selected from formulae 1b or 1c: , wherein the wavy lines intersect the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE, and Z5, Z6, Z7, Z8, RM, RS, RT, RUand RVare as defined above and herein. Z7is N or CRNand Z5is N or CRO. In some examples, RN(with the carbon to which it is bonded) and Z5taken together, may combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene. For the avoidance of doubt, where Z5is N and RN(with the carbon to which it is bonded) and Z5taken together combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2– 9heteroarene, RN(with the carbon to which it is bonded) and Z5taken together combine to form an optionally substituted N-C2–4heteroarene. For example, where Z5is N, RNand N may combine to form an optionally substituted N-C2–4heteroaryl, as shown below: , wherein the wavy lines intersect the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE, Z6and RMare as defined above, and where 1B is an optionally substituted N-C2–4heteroarene, such as an optionally substituted 5 membered heteroarene e.g. any one selected from the optionally substituted group consisting of pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole and triazole (including 1,2,3 and 1,2,4-triazoles). In some examples, where Z5is CROand Z7is CRN, RNand ROtaken together with the carbons to which they are bonded, may combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene, as shown below: , wherein the wavy lines intersect the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE, Z6and RMare as defined above, and where, as stated above, ring 1C is an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene. For example, ring 1C may be an optionally substituted benzene or 5-6 membered heteroarene, such as any one selected from the optionally substituted group consisting of benzene, pyridine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrimidine, thiophene and pyrazole. In some embodiments, RN(taken with the carbon atoms to which it is joined) and Z5taken together may form a benzene ring or a 5-6 membered heteroarene ring (e.g. ring 1C may be a benzene ring or a 5- 6 membered heteroarene), each of which rings can be optionally and independently substituted with one or more groups selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -NH-C1-3alkyl and –C1-5alkyl, C1-5haloalkyl, C1-5alkoxy, C1-4haloalkoxy, 1d, C3-5azacycloalkyl, C2-5alkenyl, C2-5alkynyl, C3-5cycloalkyl, wherein the –C1-5alkyl group can be optionally substituted with 5-6 membered heteroaryl or phenyl; wherein 1d is: Y2is NRRor O; Y1is S(O)a or NRR; each RRis independently H or C1-4alkyl; each RQis independently selected from the group consisting of C1-4alkyl, C1-4haloalkyl, halogen and –C(O)C1-3alkyl; a is 0 to 2; and r is 0 to 3. In some embodiments, Z7is CRN, i.e. A2is selected from formula 1b’: , wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE, and Z5, Z6, RMand RNare as defined above and herein. As stated previously, RMmay be selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted C1- 6alkyl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3- 10carbocyclyl, C2-6alkynyl and H. In some embodiments, RMmay be selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C3-6cycloalkyl and H. For example, RMmay be selected from the group consisting of C1-6alkyl, C3-6cycloalkyl, C1-6haloalkyl and H. In some embodiments, RMis selected from the group consisting of –C1-5alkyl, -cyclopropyl, -C1-4haloalkyl and H, such as C1-5alkyl. In some embodiments, RMis C1-3alkyl. As stated previously, RNmay be selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally substituted -C1-6alkyl, -H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, -NH2, optionally substituted amino, –OH, cyano, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10 carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl and thiol. In some embodiments, RNmay be selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, -NH2, -NHC1-3alkyl and –OH. In some embodiments, RNis selected from the group consisting of halogen, -C1-5alkyl, -C1-3haloalkyl, -H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, -NH2, -NHC1-3alkyl and –OH. For example, RNmay be C1-5alkyl or halogen. As described above, Z5is N or CRO, where ROis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, cyano, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3- 10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2–9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, hydroxy, thiol and optionally substituted amino. For example, ROmay be H or optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, such as C1- 3alkyl. In some embodiments, ROmay be H or –C1-3alkyl. In some embodiments, RNis -C1-5alkyl or halogen, or RNand Z5taken together form an optionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroarene or benzene ring. In some embodiments, the optionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroarene ring may comprise one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, such as N and S, i.e. the optionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroarene ring may be an N- or S-heteroarene. In some embodiments, the optionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroarene ring is any one selected from the optionally substituted group consisting of pyridine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrimidine, thiophene and pyrazole. For the avoidance of doubt, the optional substituents may be one or more groups selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -NH-C1-3alkyl and –C1-5alkyl, C1-5haloalkyl, C1-5alkoxy, C1-4haloalkoxy, 1d, C3- 5azacycloalkyl, C2-5alkenyl, C2-5alkynyl, C3-5cycloalkyl, wherein the –C1-5alkyl group can be optionally substituted with 5-6 membered heteroaryl or phenyl; wherein 1d is: , wherein Y2is NRRor O; Y1is S(O)a or NRR; each RRis independently H or C1-4alkyl; each RQis independently selected from the group consisting of C1-4alkyl, C1-4haloalkyl, halogen and –C(O)C1-3alkyl; a is 0 to 2; and r is 0 to 3. For example, the optional substituents may be independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -OH, -NH2, -NH-C1-3alkyl –C1-5alkyl, C1-5haloalkyl, C1-5alkoxy and C1-4haloalkoxy. In some cases, the optional substituents may be independently selected from C1-C4alkyl, allyl, crotyl, C2-5alkenyl, C2-5alkynyl, C1-5haloalkyl, C3-5cycloalkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, and halo. In some embodiments, where RNand Z5taken together combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10aryl or optionally substituted C2–9heteroaryl, the C6-10aryl or C2–9heteroaryl is not substituted. As described above, Z6is N or CRP, where RPis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3- 10carbocyclyl and optionally substituted C6-10aryl. For example, RPmay be H or optionally substituted C1- 6alkyl, such as H or C1-6alkyl. In some embodiments, RPis H or –C1-3alkyl, i.e. Z6is N, CH or C–C1-3alkyl. For example, Z6may be CH or C–C1-3alkyl. In some particular embodiments, A2is selected from formula 1b’, wherein formula 1b’ is: , wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE; RMis selected from the group consisting of –C1-5alkyl, -cyclopropyl, -C1-4haloalkyl and H; RNis selected from the group consisting of halogen, -C1-5alkyl, -C1-3haloalkyl, -H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, - NH2, -NHC1-3alkyl and –OH; Z5is N or CROZ6is N or CRPwherein only one of Z5and Z6may be N; ROis H or –C1-3alkyl; RPis H or –C1-3alkyl; wherein only one of ROand RPmay be –C1-3alkyl; alternatively, RNand Z5taken together form a benzene ring or a 5-6 membered heteroarene ring, each of which rings can be optionally and independently substituted with one or more groups selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -NH-C1-3alkyl and –C1-5alkyl, C1-5haloalkyl, C1-5alkoxy, C1-4haloalkoxy, 1d, C3- 5azacycloalkyl, C2-5alkenyl, C2-5alkynyl, C3-5cycloalkyl, wherein the –C1-5alkyl group can be optionally substituted with 5-6 membered heteroaryl or phenyl; wherein 1d is: , wherein Y2is NRRor O; Y1is S(O)a or NRR; each RRis independently H or C1-4alkyl; each RQis independently selected from the group consisting of C1-4alkyl, C1-4haloalkyl, halogen and –C(O)C1-3alkyl; a is 0 to 2; and r is 0 to 3. As described above, the BRD9 binder is attached to the linker at any suitable position (provided it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, the linker may be attached to the BRD9 binder by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and an atom forming part of RC, RA, RB, RDor RE. Alternatively, the linker may be attached directly to the ring to which RC, RA, RB, RDand / or REare bound, i.e. the linker may replace RC, RA, RB, RDor RE. In some embodiments, the linker is attached to the BRD9 binder by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and an atom forming part of RCor by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and the atom to which RCwould otherwise be bound, i.e. the linker replaces RC. Alternatively, where RCand Z2or RCand Z3taken together (e.g. RCand RBor RCand RDtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined) form a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl, the linker may be attached to the BRD9 binder by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and an atom forming part of the 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl. In some embodiments, the BRD9 binder is of formula 1a1, 1a2, 1a3: wavy between the BRD9 binder and the linker; A2, Z1, Z2, Z3and Z4are as defined above and herein; RCis absent or is as defined above and herein; and ring 1A is a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkane optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl. Ring 1A may comprise one or two heteroatoms independently selected from the list consisting of N, S and O. For example, ring 1A may be selected from the list consisting of pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, oxolane, oxane, tetrahydrothiophene and thiane. In some cases, ring 1A may be an N-heterocycloalkane such as pyrrolidine, piperidine or piperazine. In particular examples, ring 1A is pyrrolidine. For the avoidance of doubt, where the linker is attached to the BRD9 binder by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and an atom forming part of a feature on the BRD9 binder (such as RC), the linker replaces a chemical group or an atom of the feature with a valency of 1 (such as a hydrogen atom) in order for valencies to be satisfied. For example, where the feature on the BRD9 binder is dimethylamido (-C(O)N(CH3)2) or dimethylaminomethylene (-CH2N(CH3)2), the linker may replace a methyl group or a hydrogen atom on the feature. As another alternative, the linker may be attached to the BRD9 binder by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and an atom forming part of A2, for example an atom forming part of RM, RN, RO, RP, RS, RT, RU, RV, or RWor the linker may replace RM, RN, RO, RP, RS, RT, RU, RV, or RW. Alternatively, where RNand Z5taken together combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene; optionally wherein RNand ROtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined, combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2– 9heteroarene, the linker may be attached to the BRD9 binder by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and an atom forming part of the optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2– 9heteroarene. In one exemplary BRD9 binder, where RNand Z5taken together combine to form an optionally substituted thiophene, the linker may be attached to the BRD9 binder as shown in the structure below: wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE; and RMand Z6are as defined above and herein. The linker may be attached to an atom forming part of a substituent bonded to the same positions indicated above. For example, the linker may be attached to an atom forming part of substituent 1d bonded to the same positions indicated above. This is exemplified in the structure below, where RNand Z5taken together combine to form an optionally substituted thiophene; the wavy line intersects the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE; and Y2is O, Y1is N, RRis H, and RQand r are as defined above: . As described above, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4and RCof the BRD9 binder are defined as follows: Z1is N or CRA; Z2is N or CRB; Z3is N or CRD; Z4is N or CRE; wherein no more than 3 of Z1, Z2, Z3and Z4are N; RAand REare each independently selected from the group consisting of -H, -O-C1-3alkyl and –C1- 3alkyl; RBand RDare each independently selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, -OH, halogen, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3haloalkyl, -C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, -C1- 3alkyl-SO2-C1-3alkyl, -C1-3alkyl-NH2, -C1-3alkyl-N(-C1-3alkyl)2, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -NH-RF; RFis selected from -SO2-C1-3alkyl and –C1-3alkyl, wherein the –C1-3alkyl is optionally substituted with a 5 to 6 membered heteroaryl; alternatively, RAand RBtaken together form a benzene ring; alternatively, RCand Z2or RCand Z3taken together (e.g. RCand RBor RCand RDtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined) form a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl; RCis selected from the group consisting of -H, -Y-RG, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl and 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl; Y is absent or is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, -SO2- and -CO-; RHand RIare each independently selected from -H or –C1-3alkyl; or RHand RItaken together form a –C3-4cycloalkyl, RGis selected from the group consisting of -NH2, -OH, -C1-3alkyl, -N(RJRK), -O-RL, aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, wherein the aryl and heteroaryl are optionally and independently substituted with one or more halogen, optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12- membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl are optionally substituted with any suitable substituent, such as one or more groups independently selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -NHC1-3alkyl, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -O-C1-3alkyl and -CH2-RM1; RM1is selected from 5-10 membered mono- or bicyclic aryl or heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted with -NH2, -OH, halogen, -CN, C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3alkyl; RJis -H or –C1-3alkyl; RKis selected from the group consisting of –C1-3alkyl, -C2-3alkyl-N(C1-3alkyl)2, -C2-3alkyl-NHC1-3alkyl, optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12- membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl are optionally substituted with any suitable substituent, such as –C1-3alkyl; RLis –C1-3alkyl or a 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with C1-3alkyl; wherein when RCis Y-RG, RBand RDare each independently selected from -H, -OH, halogen, - NH2, -CN, -C1-3alkyl, -C1-3haloalkyl, -O-C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3haloalkyl and –C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl; wherein at least one of the substituents RAto REis not hydrogen. In alternative examples of the above, the list of groups for RGand RKmay be replaced as follows: RGmay be selected from the group consisting of -NH2, -OH, -C1-3alkyl, -N(RJRK), -O-RL, aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, wherein the aryl and heteroaryl are optionally and independently substituted with one or more halogen, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -NHC1-3alkyl, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -O-C1-3alkyl and -CH2-RM1; RKmay be selected from the group consisting of –C1-3alkyl, -C2-3alkyl-N(C1-3alkyl)2, -C2-3alkyl-NHC1- 3alkyl and 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl; and wherein RJ, RL, RM1are as defined above. In some examples of the BRD9 binding ligands described herein (and unless otherwise stated): (i) RA, RB, RDand REare independently selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, halogen, -O-C1-3haloalkyl, -OH, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -C1-3alkyl-NH2, -C1-3alkyl-N(-C1-3alkyl)2 and - N(C1-3alkyl)2; or (ii) RA, RDand REare independently selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, halogen, -O-C1-3haloalkyl, -OH, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -C1-3alkyl-NH2, -C1-3alkyl-N(-C1-3alkyl)2 and - N(C1-3alkyl)2and RBand RCtaken together form a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl. In such embodiments, the 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl may be as defined above for ring 1A. In some embodiments, RA, RB, RDand REare independently selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, halogen, -O-C1-3haloalkyl, -OH, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -C1-3alkyl-NH2, -C1-3alkyl-N(-C1-3alkyl)2 and -N(C1-3alkyl)2. For example, RA, RB, RDand REmay be independently selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, halogen and -O-C1-3haloalkyl. In some cases, at least one of RA, RB, RDand REmay be –H. For example, at least one of RAand RBmay be –H. In particular embodiments, at least two of RA, RB, RDand REare –H. In some embodiments, at least one of RA, RB, RDand REis selected from the group consisting of - O-C1-3alkyl, halogen and -O-C1-3haloalkyl. Sometimes, RBand REare selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, halogen and -O-C1-3haloalkyl. In some embodiments, RCis –H or -Y-RG. Y may be -CRHRI- or -CO-, wherein RHand RIare as defined above. Each of RHand RImay be -H; or RHand RItaken together may form a –C3-4cycloalkyl. RGmay be as defined above, or may be selected from the group consisting of -NH2, -OH, -C1-3alkyl -N(RJRK), -O-RLand optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, where RJ, RKand RLand the optional substituents of the 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl and 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl are as defined above. RJmay be -H or –C1-3alkyl and RKmay be selected from –C1-3alkyl, optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl. RLmay be –C1-3alkyl. Where RGor RKis an optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, the optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl may be a 5- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising between one and three ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, the optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl may be a 5- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or two ring heteroatoms selected from N. In some examples, the optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl may be piperazinyl, piperidinyl or diazepanyl (each of which may optionally comprise between one and three substituents as described herein). Where RGor RKis an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, the optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl may be a bridged bicyclic ring or a spirocyclic bicyclic ring (i.e it may comprise two rings joined at a spiro centre). By way of example only, the optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl may be a bridged piperazinyl or bridged piperidinyl. In other examples, the optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl may be an optionally substituted spirocyclic bicyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising between one and three ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S (e.g. between one and two ring heteroatoms selected from N). In some examples, the optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl may be spirocyclic and comprise a first 5- or 6-membered ring and a second 3- to 6-membered ring. In some examples, RCmay be any one selected from: ; wherein Y is CRHRI(e.g. CH2); RG1and RG2are each independently selected from H and C1-C3 alkyl; RJis as defined above and herein; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In the structures shown above, both the Y and L groups may be attached to the heterocyclic ring(s) by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the Y and L group respectively and an atom on the heterocyclic ring. These groups may be bonded at any chemically suitable position provided valencies are satisfied (e.g. by replacing a H atom). By way of further example only, RCmay be any one selected from: ; wherein Y is CRHRI(e.g. CH2); and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In particular embodiments, RCis any one selected from the group consisting of , – CH2N(C1-3alkyl)2, -C(O)N(C1-3alkyl)2, -C(CH2CH2)N(C1-3alkyl)2, and CH2OCH3, wherein the wavy lines intersect the bond between RCand the rest of the BRD9 binder and the bond between RCand the linker. In some embodiments, the BRD9 binder is of formula 1e, 1f or 1g: wavy BRD9 binder and the linker; RA, RB, RE, RM, RN, Z3, Z5and Z6are as defined above; RCis absent, or is as defined for RCabove and herein; ring 1A is a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkane optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl; and ring 1D is an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene. In some embodiments, ring 1D is optionally substituted benzene or an optionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroarene. The 5-6 membered heteroarene may comprise one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of S, N and O, such as S. In some cases, ring 1D may be a 5-6 membered N- heteroarene or S-heteroarene, for example any one selected from the group consisting of thiophene, pyrazole, imidazole, pyrrole, pyrimidine and pyridine. In particular examples, ring 1D is thiophene fused to the rest of the BRD9 binder at the 2’ and 3’ positions and, in even more particular examples, bonded to the linker by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and the carbon atom at the 5’ position of the thiophene. In such particular examples, the BRD9 binder may be of formula 1g’: wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between the BRD9 binder and the linker; and wherein RA, RB, RC, RE, RM, Z3, and Z6are as defined above. In some embodiments, ring 1A is pyrrolidine. In particular examples, ring 1A is pyrrolidine fused to the rest of the BRD9 binder at the 3’ and 4’ positions and, in even more particular embodiments, bonded to the linker by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and the nitrogen atom of the pyrrolidine. In such particular embodiments, the BRD9 binder may be of formula 1f’: wavy line intersects the bond between the BRD9 binder and the linker; and wherein RA, RE, RM, RN, Z3, Z5and Z6are as defined above and herein. In some embodiments, the BRD9 binder is of formula 1e, 1f’ or 1g’. In particular embodiments, the BRD9 binder is any one of formulae 1ea to 1eh, 1fa to 1fh and 1ga:

[0002] wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between the BRD9 binder and the linker; RA, RB, RE, RM, Z3and Z6are as defined above and herein; RCis absent, or is as defined above and herein; RNis as defined above and herein, for example is selected from the group consisting of halogen, - C1-5alkyl, -C1-3haloalkyl, -H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, -NH2, -NHC1-3alkyl and –OH; ROis as defined above and herein, for example is -H or –C1-3alkyl; each RXis as defined for the optional substituents of the optionally substituted C6-10aryl or optionally substituted C2–9heteroaryl formed from RNand Z5(taken together), for example each RXmay be independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -OH, -NH2, -NH-C1-3alkyl –C1-5alkyl, C1- 5haloalkyl, C1-5alkoxy and C1-4haloalkoxy; n is 0 to 3 (such as 0); o is 0 to 2 (such as 0); p is 0 or 1 (such as 0); and q is 0 to 4 (such as 0). Each of n, o, p and q may be 0. In some embodiments, the BRD9 binder is according to formula 1ea’: wavy intersects the bond between the BRD9 binder and the linker; RAand REare as defined above and herein, for example are each independently selected from H and -O-C1-3alkyl; RBand RDare as defined above and herein, for example are each independently selected from - O-C1-3alkyl, -H, - halo, -C1-3alkyl, and -O-C1-3haloalkyl; RCis absent, or is –Y-RG; Y is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, and -CO-; RHand RIare each independently selected from -H or –C1-3alkyl; or RHand RItaken together form a –C3-4cycloalkyl; RGis selected from the group consisting of –N(RJRK) (e.g. -N(C1-3alkyl)-, -N(C1-3alkyl)(optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene), or -N(C1-3alkyl)(optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene)); -O-; optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene; and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene; RJand RKare as defined above and herein; RMis as defined above and herein, for example is C1-3alkyl; and RN, ROand RPare each as defined above and herein, for example are each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, -C1-3alkyl, and -C1-3haloalkyl. In even more particular embodiments, the BRD9 binder is any one of formulae 1h to 1z and 2a to 2g:

[0003] Y is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, and -CO-; RHand RIare each -H; or RHand RItaken together form a –C3-4cycloalkyl; RGis selected from the group consisting of –N(RJRK) (e.g. -N(C1-3alkyl)-, N(C1-3alkyl)(optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene), or -N(C1-3alkyl)(optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene)); -O-; optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene containing one or two N ring atoms; and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene containing one or two N ring atoms; RJand RKare as defined above and herein; wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between the BRD9 binder and the linker. In particular examples of any of the above formulae (e.g. any one of formulae 1e, 1g, 1g’, 1ea to 1eh, 1ea’, 1h to 1z and 2a to 2g, and unless otherwise stated), RGis -N(C1-3alkyl)-, -O- or . In some examples of any of the above formulae (e.g. any one of formulae 1e, 1g, 1g’, 1ea to 1eh, 1ea’, 1h to 1z and 2a to 2g, and unless otherwise stated), RCmay be any one selected from: ;wherein Y is CRHRI(e.g. CH2) or –CO-; RHand RIare as defined above and herein; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In particular, in each of the structures shown above, Y may be CH2. In some examples of any of the above formula (e.g. any one of formulae 1e, 1g, 1g’, 1ea to 1eh, 1ea’, 1h to 1z and 2a to 2g, and unless otherwise stated), RCmay be absent and the linker may be attached (i.e. covalently bonded) to the parent structure at this position. Such examples may be designated with “and so be referred to as formulae 1e’’, 1g’’, 1g’’’, 1ea’’ to 1eh’’, 1ea’’, 1h’’ to 1z’’ and 2a’’ to 2g’’ respectively herein. In some embodiments, the BRD9 binder is any one of formulae 1h, 1i, 1j, 1m, 1t, 2c or 2e: or Y is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, and -CO-; RHand RIare each -H; or RHand RItaken together form a –C3-4cycloalkyl; RGis selected from the group consisting of –N(RJRK) (e.g. -N(C1-3alkyl)-, N(C1-3alkyl)(optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene), or -N(C1-3alkyl)(optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene)); -O-; optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene containing one or two N ring atoms; and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene containing one or two N ring atoms; RJand RKare as defined above and herein; wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between the BRD9 binder and the linker. In particular examples of any of the above formulae, RGis -N(C1-3alkyl)-, -O- or . In some examples of any of the above formulae, RCmay be any one selected from: ; wherein Y is CRHRI(e.g. CH2) or –CO-; RHand RIare as defined above and herein; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In particular, in each of the structures shown above, Y may be CH2. In some examples of any of the above formula, RCmay be absent and the linker may be attached (i.e. covalently bonded) to the parent structure at this position. Such examples may be designated with ” and so be referred to as formulae 1h’’, 1i’’, 1j’’, 1m’’, 1t’’, 2c’’ or 2e’’ respectively herein. In some embodiments, the BRD9 binder is selected from the following:

[0004] wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between the BRD9 binder and the linker. In some cases, the BRD9 binder may not be: wherein the wavy linker. Warhead (Z) Z comprises a structure according to formula (I) or formula (WI). As shown in formulae (I) and (WI), a double bond is present in Z. The stereochemistry of this double bond may be either E or Z and this is indicated by the wavy line bond in formula (I) and (WI) (and is similarly shown on the other formulae and structures disclosed herein). The designation of this moiety as either E or Z may depend on the identity of the R3or R3Agroup. In some examples, Z may comprise a mixture of E and Z stereoisomers. Thus, the present disclosure includes within its scope the use of each individual E and Z stereoisomers of any of the disclosed Z moieties according to formulae (I) and (WI) and any of the other formulae described herein (e.g. in a substantially stereopure form), as well as the use of mixtures of these E and Z isomers. In some cases, the stereochemistry of the double bond and the moieties bound to it is Z, i.e. the Z stereoisomer. In other examples, the stereochemistry of the double bond and the moieties bound to it is E, i.e. the E stereoisomer. For the avoidance of doubt, where the double bond of Z of formula (I) or (WI) is shown in a structure herein to be a specific stereoisomer (E or Z) in any of the specific examples of this disclosure, it need not be in that specific stereoisomer. In other words, both E and Z steroisomers and mixtures of the two are included within the scope of the structure irrespective of the specific stereoisomer shown. As stated above, in some examples, formula (I) is: wherein R1, R3, R4, A, B and L are as defined above. On ring B, groups R4and A may be held at adjacent positions on the aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl or substituted heteroaryl ring. In other words, the R4and A groups may be in a 1,2 substitution pattern with one another, or may be separated by 3 bonds. For the avoidance of doubt, where B is a heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl, a heteroatom contained within ring B may be directly bonded to A or R4. As shown in formula (I) above, the linker is appended to moiety Z via ring B. The linker may be attached to moiety Z by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and an atom contained in the ring system of the optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl group of ring B. This linker may be attached to ring B at any position on the optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring (provided it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, the linker may replace a hydrogen atom at any position on the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring. In other examples, Z may comprise a structure as shown in formula (I) above, wherein: A, B, X and R4are as defined above; and wherein R1is selected from optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C1 to C6 haloalkyl, optionally substituted benzyl, optionally substituted carbocyclyl, and optionally substituted heterocyclyl; R2and R2’are each independently selected from H and optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, or wherein R2and R2’together form a 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered optionally substituted carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; and R3is selected from optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted carbocyclyl and optionally substituted heterocyclyl. In those cases where R1and R4together form an optionally substituted 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring, Z may be represented by formula (Ia): are as for formula (I); and n is 1, 2 or 3; W is selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3, and S; and RW1, RW2and RW3are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl; and wherein when n is 2 or 3, each W is independently selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3, and S. In those cases, where R1and R2together form an optionally substituted 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring, Z may be represented as formula (Ib): Wherein B, R2’, R3, R4and L are as defined for formula (I); m is 3, 4 or 5; each T is independently selected from CRT1RT2, O, NRT3, and S; and RT1, RT2and RT3are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl. In those cases where R2and R4together form an optionally substituted 5-, 6-, or 7- membered heterocyclic or carbocyclic ring, Z may be represented as formula (Ic): are as defined for formula (I); p is 2, 3 or 4; and each U is independently selected from CRU1RU2, O, NRU3, and S; and RU1, RU2and RU3are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl. With respect to the various structures for Z defined by the formulae herein, R1may be C1 to C6 alkyl, such as C1 to C4 alkyl. For example, R1may be selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl. As stated above for formula (I), A is either absent or is CR2R2’. In some cases, where A is CR2R2’, R2and R2’are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more halo atoms (such as F, Cl, or Br). In further examples where A is CR2R2’, R2and R2’are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso- propyl and n-butyl. In some examples, one of R2and R2’is a hydrogen and the other is C1 to C6 alkyl. For example, R2may be methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or iso-propyl and R2’may be H. In other examples, both R2and R2’are each independently selected from C1 to C6 alkyl (e.g. both R2and R2’may be methyl). In some examples, R2and R2’are each independently selected from H and C1 to C3 alkyl substituted with one or more halo atoms (such as trifluromethyl). As stated above, R3is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S. In some examples, R3is selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S and / or is substituted with a carbocyclic or heterocyclic group. For example, R3may be selected from heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, substituted C1-C6 alkyl, substituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, substituted C3-C6 heterocycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl substituted with a heterocyclic group, aryl, and substituted aryl. Representative examples of suitable R3groups include, but are not limited to, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, benzothiazolyl, phenyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, tetrahydropyranyl, oxetanyl, cyclobutanyl, cyclopropanyl, tert-butyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, thiophenyl, imidazo(1,2-a)pyridinyl, N-C1 to C6 alkylenemorpholine, and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazolyl, such as thiazolyl, pyridinyl, benzothiazolyl, phenyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, tetrahydropyranyl, oxetanyl, cyclobutanyl, cyclopropanyl and tert- butyl. In each case, these R3groups may be substituted, such as substituted thiazolyl, substituted pyridinyl, substituted benzothiazolyl, substituted phenyl, substituted pyrazolyl, substituted isoxazolyl, substituted isothiazolyl, substituted tetrahydropyranyl, substituted oxetanyl, substituted cyclobutanyl, substituted cyclopropanyl and substituted tert-butyl. Where R3is a substituted heteroaryl or aryl group, there may be one or more substituents on the aromatic ring e.g. it may be mono-, di- or tri-substituted. Where R3is optionally substituted pyrazolyl or imidazolyl, a nitrogen atom of the pyrazolyl or imidazolyl ring may be substituted with C1 to C6 alkyl, such as methyl. Examples of suitable R3groups are shown below: wherein the dotted line on the structures indicates the position that each of the respective R3groups may be joined to the structure shown in formulae described herein. Where the dotted line is not shown connected directly to an atom, the R3group may be connected to the structure shown in the formulae by a covalent bond to an atom at any position on the aromatic ring (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, a hydrogen at any position on the R3group may be replaced with a bond to the parent structures shown in formulae described herein. R5may be any substituent as described herein or may be absent. In some examples, R5may be selected from halo (e.g. F, Cl, Br, I), CF3, -CH2F, -OCF3, -OCH2F, -OCHF2, -CHF2, C1 to C6 alkyl, -CN, -OH, -OMe, -SMe, -SOMe, -SO2Me, -NH2, -NHMe, -NMe2, CO2Me, -NO2, CHO, and COMe. As stated above, there may be one or more substituents on the aromatic ring (e.g. n may be 0 to 5, such as 0 to 4, 0 to 3, or 0 to 2). Where more than one substituent is present, each substituent may be independently selected from the R5groups noted above. R6may be C1 to C6 alkyl, such as methyl. G may be selected from CH2, O and NH. Q may be C1 to C6 alkylene such as dimethylmethylene (-C(CH3)2-) or dimethylethylene (- C(CH3)2CH2-). In embodiments, R5may not be -OH. Further examples of suitable R3groups are shown below:

[0005] wherein the dotted line on the structures indicates the position that each of the respective R3groups may be joined to the structure shown in formulae described herein. Where the dotted line is not shown connected directly to an atom, the R3group may be connected to the structure shown in the formulae by a covalent bond to an atom at any position on the aromatic ring (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, a hydrogen at any position on the R3group may be replaced with a bond to the parent structures shown in formulae described herein. R5may be any substituent as described herein or may be absent. In some examples, R5may be selected from halo (e.g. F, Cl, Br, I), CH2OH, CF3, -CH2F, -OCF3, -OCH2F, -OCHF2, -CHF2, C1 to C6 alkyl, - CN, -OH, -OMe, -SMe, -SOMe, -SO2Me, -NH2, -NHMe, -NMe2, CO2Me, -NO2, CHO, and COMe. As stated above, there may be one or more substituents on the aromatic ring (e.g. n may be 0 to 5, such as 0 to 4, 0 to 3, or 0 to 2). Where more than one substituent is present, each substituent may be independently selected from the R5groups noted above. R6may be C1 to C6 alkyl, such as methyl. G may be selected from CH2, O and NH. Q may be C1 to C6 alkylene such as dimethylmethylene (-C(CH3)2-) or dimethylethylene (- C(CH3)2CH2-). In embodiments, R5may not be -OH. In further embodiments, R3is selected from the group consisting of:

[0006] wherein the dotted line indicates the position at which each of the respective R3groups is joined to the structure in the formulae described herein. By way of further example, R5may be selected from C1 to C6 alkyl (e.g. methyl) and halo (e.g. F). As stated above, there may be one or more substituents on the aromatic ring. Where two or more substituents are present, each substituent may be independently selected from the R5groups noted above. Again, where present and unless otherwise indicated, R5may be appended to the aryl or heteroaryl ring at any position (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). By way of further example, a suitable R3group may be selected from the following:

[0007] on R3groups may be joined to the structure shown in formulae (I) to (Ic), and R5, R6, n and G are as defined above. Further examples of suitable R3groups are shown below:

[0008] wherein the dotted line on the structures indicates the position that each of the respective R3groups may be joined to the structure shown in formulae described herein. Where the dotted line is not shown connected directly to an atom, the R3group may be connected to the structure shown in the formulae by a covalent bond to an atom at any position on the aromatic ring (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, a hydrogen at any position on the R3group may be replaced with a bond to the parent structures shown in formulae described herein. R5may be any substituent as described herein or may be absent. In some examples, R5may be selected from halo (e.g. F, Cl, Br, I), CH2OH, CF3, -CH2F, -OCF3, -OCH2F, -OCHF2, -CHF2, C1 to C6 alkyl, - CN, -OH, -OMe, -SMe, -SOMe, -SO2Me, -NH2, -NHMe, -NMe2, CO2Me, -NO2, CHO, and COMe. As stated above, there may be one or more substituents on the aromatic ring (e.g. n may be 0 to 5, such as 0 to 4, 0 to 3, or 0 to 2). Where more than one substituent is present, each substituent may be independently selected from the R5groups noted above. R6may be C1 to C6 alkyl, such as methyl. G may be selected from CH2, O and NH. Q may be C1 to C6 alkylene such as dimethylmethylene (-C(CH3)2-) or dimethylethylene (- C(CH3)2CH2-). In embodiments, R5may not be -OH. By way of further example, a suitable R3group may be selected from the following:

[0009] on groups may be joined to the structure shown in formulae (I) to (Ic). In certain examples, the R3group may not be: In certain examples, Z comprises a structure according to formula (II): R1is selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S and / or is substituted with a carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl group; R2and R2’are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl; R3is selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S and / or is substituted with a carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl group; R4is H, C1-C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O or S; or wherein R1and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7–membered heterocyclic ring; or wherein R1and R2together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring; or wherein R2and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic or carbocyclic ring; and L shows the position of attachment of the linker. As shown in formula (II) above, the linker is appended to moiety Z via the aromatic ring. In particular, the linker is attached to moiety Z by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and a carbon atom of the aryl ring system. The linker may be attached to the aromatic ring at any position (provided it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, the linker may replace a hydrogen atom at any position on the aromatic ring. A representative example of a compound according to formula (II) includes, but is not limited to: Wherein R3and L are as defined for formulae (I) and (II) herein; R1is selected from C1 to C6 alkyl; and R2is selected from C1 to C6 alkyl. In some cases, R1is methyl and R2is n-propyl. In certain examples, when R1and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring, Z may be represented as formula (IIaa): are as formulae (I) and (II) herein; n is 1, 2 or 3; and W is selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3and S; and RW1, RW2and RW3are each independently selected from H and optionally substituted C1 to C6 alkyl; and wherein when n is 2 or 3, each W is independently selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3, and S. In some cases, each W is CRW1RW2. Representative examples of compounds according to formula (IIaa) include, but are not limited to:

[0010] Wherein R3and L are as defined herein for formula (I) above; R2may be selected from H or C1-C6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo (such as methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl, or trifluoromethyl); R2’may be C1-C6 alkyl (such as methyl); and RW1may be selected from C1-C6 alkyl (such as methyl or ethyl). Representative examples of compounds according to formula (IIaa) include, but are not limited to: Wherein are as R2may be selected from H, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl optionally substituted with C1-C4 alkoxy, or one or more heteroatoms selected from halo (such as cyclopropyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, methylmethoxy, difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl); R2’may be C1-C6alkyl (such as methyl) or C1-C4alkoxy (such as methoxy); and RW1may be selected from C1-C6 alkyl (such as methyl or ethyl). By way of further example, when R1and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring, Z may be represented as formula (IIa): Wherein R2, R2’, R3and L are as defined above, e.g. as for formula (II); n is 1, 2 or 3; and W is selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3and S; and RW1, RW2and RW3are each independently selected from H and C1to C6alkyl; and wherein when n is 2 or 3, each W is independently selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3, and S. In some cases, each W is CH2. In some examples, Z may be represented as formula (IIa’): are as R2is C1 to C3 alkyl; R2’is H; n is 2; and each W is CH2. By way of yet further example, Z may be selected from one of the following structures: ; wherein R3and L are as defined above and herein. Alternatively, Z may be selected from one of the following structures:

[0011] wherein R and L are as defined above and herein. The present invention also relates to any compound comprising a moiety selected from one of the following structures: ; wherein R3is as defined above and herein. When R1and R2together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring, Z may be represented as formula (IIb): are as above, e.g. as for formula (II); m is 3, 4 or 5; each T is independently selected from CRT1RT2, O, NRT3and S; and RT1, RT2and RT3are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl. For example, in some cases, each T is CH2. When R2and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7- membered heterocyclic or carbocyclic ring, Z may be represented as formula (IIc): Wherein R1, R2, R3and L are as defined above, e.g. as for formula (II); p is 2, 3 or 4; and each U is independently selected from CRU1RU2, O, NRU3and S; and RU1, RU2and RU3are each independently selected from H and C1to C6alkyl. For example, in some cases, each T is CH2. Representative examples of Z are shown below:

[0012] 5 Ĵ8

[0013] 5 Ĵ9

[0014] 5

[0015] 5

[0016] The dotted line on the structures above indicates that the linker may be joined to the Z moiety at any position on the aromatic ring (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, the linker may replace a hydrogen atom at any position on the aromatic ring. By way of further example, in cases where B is a phenyl ring, the linker may be attached in a para-substitution pattern with the pendant amide group as illustrated in formula (IId) below. Alternatively it is noted, that whilst the formulae (I) to (IId) indicate that the linker is joined to the Z moiety via ring B (which may in some cases be an aromatic ring), the present disclosure also extends to examples wherein the linker is attached at any other position in the Z moiety (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, the linker may replace a hydrogen atom at any position in the Z moiety. Thus, in some examples, Z may be represented as shown in formulae (III): wherein R1, A, R3, R4, B and L are as defined for formula (I) (or any of formulae (Ia) to (IId)). The dotted line shown through the square brackets on formula (III) indicates that the linker may be joined via a covalent bond to any atom on the Z moiety provided that it has the correct valency, is chemically suitable and / or provided that the attachment of the linker at this alternative position does not disrupt the function of the Z moiety in promoting and / or facilitating proteasomal degradation. The Z moiety may, in some embodiments, not be: . In some embodiments, the Z moiety may, for example, be of formula (Ia), (Ib), (IIaa), (IIa) or (IIb). The inventors have found that certain exemplary compounds comprising Z moieties of formulae (Ia), (Ib), (IIaa), (IIa) or (IIb) can be used to more selectively degrade BRD9 over other proteins, such as other BRD proteins, e.g. BRD4. As described above, Z may comprise a structure according to formula (I), formula (WZI), or formula (WI). Formula (WZI) is: wherein: ring A2Ais an optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; R2Ais absent or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, NRy, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and -CH(substituted heteroaryl)-; wherein Ryis optionally substituted C1-6alkyl or H; R3Ais selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker; Formula (WI) is: or substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl; R2Ais absent or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and - CH(substituted heteroaryl)-; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, and substituted heteroaryl; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2, or a heteroatom selected from O and NRx, wherein Rxis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In some examples, when Z is of formula (WZI) or formula (WI) or any sub-generic formulae described below, it may not be: In embodiments of formula (WI), at least one of R1Aand R2Ais present. As shown in formula (WZI) above, the linker may be appended to moiety Z via the R2Agroup. In such examples, the linker may be attached to moiety Z by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and an atom contained in the ring system of the aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl or substituted heterocycloalkyl of the R2Agroup. Alternatively, the linker may be attached to moiety Z by way of a covalent bond to the nitrogen atom of NRyor the benzylic carbon atom of the -CH(aryl)- or –CH(substituted aryl)-, for example by way of a covalent bond to the benzylic carbon atom of the -CH(aryl)- or –CH(substituted aryl)-. As described above, in some examples of formula (WZI) or formula (WI), R2Amay be absent. In such examples, the linker may be appended to moiety Z by way of a covalent bond between an atom on the linker and an atom contained in the heterocyclic ring (e.g. ring A2A). In all of the examples, the linker may be attached at any suitable position e.g. provided it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable. For example, the linker may be bonded at any position on the aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, NRy, -CH(aryl)- or –CH(substituted aryl)- of the R2Agroup or at any position on the heterocyclic ring shown, for example, in formula (WZI) or formula (WI). As described above, ring A2Ais an optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N- heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, such as N and O. When ring A2Ais bicyclic or tricyclic, and unless otherwise stated, it may comprise rings that are joined by a bond, rings that are fused, a bridged ring and / or rings that are joined at a spiro centre. When ring A2Ais bicyclic, it may be a bridged bicyclic ring (i.e. it may comprise two rings that share three or more atoms) or it may be a spirocyclic bicyclic ring (i.e. it may comprise two rings that share one atom, e.g. the two rings may be joined at a spiro centre). When ring A2Ais a bridged bicyclic ring, it may be an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bridged bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, ring A2Ais a 7- or 8-membered bridged bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, ring A2Ais a 7- or 8-membered bridged bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one additional ring atom selected from N. When ring A2Ais a spirocyclic bicyclic ring, it may be an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, ring A2Ais a 7- to 12-membered spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some cases, ring A2Ais bicyclic and comprises a first 5- to 7-membered ring and a second 3- to 7-membered ring. For example, ring A2Amay be a spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl comprising a first 5- or 6-membered ring and a second 3- to 6-membered ring, and optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, ring A2Amay be a spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl comprising a first 5- or 6-membered ring and a second 3- to 6-membered ring, and optionally containing one additional ring heteroatoms selected from N. In some embodiments, Z comprises a structure according to formula (WZIa): R1Ais absent (i.e. when m is 0) or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, and / or wherein two R1Agroups combine to form an optionally substituted C1- 3 bridge, optionally substituted C3-5cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl (e.g.5- to 7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl), optionally wherein the C3-5cycloalkyl or the 5- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl are joined to ring AAat a spiro centre; R2Ais absent or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, NRy, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and -CH(substituted heteroaryl)-; wherein Ryis optionally substituted C1-6alkyl or H; R3Ais selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; X1is CH2; X2, X3and X4are each independently CH2, O or NRx; Rxis H or C1 to C6 alkyl, or wherein one R1Agroup and one Rxgroup combine to form an optionally substituted C1-3 bridge; n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In some examples, where n is 1, 2 or 3 (i.e. when 1, 2 or 3 X4groups are present), an X4group adjacent to (or directly bonded to) the N of the heterocyclic ring shown in formula (WZIa) is CH2. In some examples, Z comprises a structure according to formula (WZIb): R is absent (i.e. when m is 0) or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, and / or wherein two R1Agroups combine to form an optionally substituted C1- 3 bridge, optionally substituted C3-5cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl (e.g. a 5- to 7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl), optionally wherein the C3-5cycloalkyl or the 5- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl are joined to ring AAat a spiro centre; R2Ais absent or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, NRy, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and –CH(substituted heteroaryl)-; wherein Ryis optionally substituted C1-6alkyl or H; R3Ais selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; X1and X4are each CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2, O or NRx; with the proviso that none or only 1 of X2and X3is O; Rxis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; or wherein one R1Agroup and one Rxgroup combine to form an optionally substituted C1-3 bridge; n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In some examples, Z comprises a structure according to formula (WZIb’): R1A, R3A, X1, X2, X3, X4, n, m and L are as defined above in respect of formula (WZIa) and (WZIb). In some examples, Z comprises a structure according to formula (WZIb’’): R2A, R3A, X1, X2, X3, X4, n and L are as defined above in respect of formula (WZIa) and (WZIb). As stated above, in some embodiments of formulae (WZIa), (WZIb), (WZIb’), and (WZIb’’) (and other formulae as described herein), an optionally substituted C1-3 bridge may be formed by two R1Agroups or, in some cases, by one R1Agroup and one Rxgroup. The C1-3 bridge may be a C1-C3 alkylene bridging group, such as methylene, ethylene or propylene. In some examples, the C1-C3 bridge may be methylene or ethylene. Where the C1-3 bridge is substituted, it may comprise from one to three (e.g. one or two) substituents (selected from any suitable substituent as described herein). For example, the C1 to C3 alkylene bridging group may be optionally substituted with one or two substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C3 alkyl, C1 to C3 haloalkyl and C1 to C3 alkoxy. In further embodiments, Z may comprise a structure according to formula (WI): or substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl; R2Ais absent or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, -NRy, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and -CH(substituted heteroaryl)-; wherein Ryis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, and substituted heteroaryl; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2, or a heteroatom selected from O and NRx, wherein Rxis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker; and further wherein Z is not: In alternative examples of formula (WI), the list of options for R3Agiven above, may be replaced with is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S. In some embodiments, R2Amay be absent or selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, - CH(heteroaryl)- and -CH(substituted heteroaryl)-. In some examples of formula (WI), at least one of R1Aor R2Ais present. For example, where R1Ais absent, R2Amay be present and selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, -NRy, -CH(aryl)-, – CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and -CH(substituted heteroaryl)-. For example, where R1is absent, R2may be present and selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and - CH(substituted heteroaryl)-. By way of further example, where R2Ais absent, R1Amay be present and selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl. By way of even further example, where R2Ais absent, at least one R1Amay be selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, and / or wherein two R1Agroups combine to form an optionally substituted C1-3 bridge, optionally substituted C3-6cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl, optionally wherein the C3-5cycloalkyl or the 5-7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl are joined to ring AAat a spiro centre. In some examples of formula (WI), both of R1Aand R2Aare present. For example, in some cases, R2Ais present and at least one R1Ais selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, and / or wherein two R1Agroups combine to form a optionally substituted C1-3 bridge, optionally substituted C3-6cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl. In compounds of formula (WZI) and formula (WI) (and sub-formulae thereof), R1Aand / or R2Amay be covalently attached to the heterocyclic ring (e.g. ring A2Aor ring AA) at any suitable position e.g. provided it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable. For example, R1Aand / or R2Amay replace a hydrogen atom at any position on the heterocyclic core, e.g. that shown in formula (WI). Where both R1Aand R2Aare present, they may be covalently attached to the heterocyclic ring (e.g. ring A2Aor ring AA) at the same or different positions. For example, in some cases R1Aand R2Amay be covalently attached to the heterocyclic core by way of different carbon atoms. In other cases, R1Aand R2Amay be covalently attached to the heterocyclic core by way of the same carbon atom. By way of further example, Z may be represented as either formula (WIa) or (WIb): wherein R1A, R2A, R3A, X1, X2, X3and n are as defined above and herein with respect to formula (WI) and its subgeneric formulae set out below. By way of further example, Z may be represented as formula (WIc’): R1Ais absent (i.e. m is 0) or is selected from the group consisting of: aryl having 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms that is optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heteroaryl having 5 to 10 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; C3 to C8 cycloalkyl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heterocycloalkyl having 3 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 ring heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heterocycloalkyl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents; and / or wherein two R1Agroups combine to form a C1-3 bridge optionally substituted with one to three substituents, C3-5cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents or 5- to 7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents (e.g wherein the C3-5cycloalkyl or the 5-7-membered N- heterocycloalkyl are joined to ring AAat a spiro centre); R2Ais absent or is selected from the group consisting of: aryl having 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms, the aryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heteroaryl having 5 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heterocycloalkyl having 3 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heterocycloalkyl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; -NRy; –CH(aryl)-, wherein the aryl has 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms and is optionally substituted with one to three substituents)-; and -CH(heteroaryl)-, wherein the heteroaryl has 5 to 10 ring atoms and contains 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; wherein Ryis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; R3Ais selected from the group consisting of: C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents; C3 to C8 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heterocycloalkyl having 3 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heterocycloalkyl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; aryl having 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms, the aryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heteroaryl having 5 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2, or a heteroatom selected from O and NRx, wherein Rxis H or C1 to C6 alkyl, or wherein one R1Agroup and one Rxgroup combine to form a C1-3 bridge optionally substituted with one to three substituents; with the proviso that none, or only 1 or 2 X2and X3is a heteroatom; and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. By way of further example, Z may be represented as formula (WIc): R1Ais absent or is selected from the group consisting of: aryl having 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms that is optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heteroaryl having 5 to 10 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; C3 to C8 cycloalkyl; C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents; R2Ais absent or is selected from the group consisting of: aryl having 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms, the aryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heteroaryl having 5 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heterocycloalkyl having 3 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heterocycloalkyl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; -NRy; –CH(aryl)-, wherein the aryl has 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms and is optionally substituted with one to three substituents)-; and -CH(heteroaryl)-, wherein the heteroaryl has 5 to 10 ring atoms and contains 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; wherein Ryis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; R3Ais selected from the group consisting of: C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents; C3 to C8 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heterocycloalkyl having 3 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heterocycloalkyl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; aryl having 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms, the aryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heteroaryl having 5 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2, or a heteroatom selected from O and NRx, wherein Rxis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; with the proviso that none, or only 1 or 2 X2and X3is a heteroatom; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. By way of further example, Z may be represented as formula (WId’): R1Ais absent (i.e. when m is 0) or is selected from the group consisting of: phenyl that is optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; heterocycloalkyl having 5 to 7 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 ring heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; C3 to C8 cycloalkyl; C1 to C6 alkyl and C1 to C6 haloalkyl; and / or wherein two R1Agroups combine to form a C1-3 bridge, C3-5cycloalkyl or 5- to 7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl (e.g. wherein the C3-5cycloalkyl or the 5-7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl are joined to ring AAat a spiro centre); R2Ais absent or is selected from the group consisting of: phenyl that is optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; heterocycloalkyl having 5 to 7 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heterocycloalkyl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; -NRy; –CH(phenyl)-, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; and –CH(heteroaryl), wherein the heteroaryl has 5 to 6 ring atoms and contains 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; wherein Ryis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; R3Ais selected from the group consisting of C1 to C6 alkyl optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; C3 to C6 cycloalkyl optionally wherein the C3 to C6 cycloalkyl is substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; phenyl that is optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; and heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2, or a heteroatom selected from O and NRx, wherein Rxis H or C1 to C6 alkyl, or wherein one R1Agroup and one Rxgroup combine to form a C1-3 bridge; with the proviso that none or only 1 of X2and X3is a heteroatom; and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. By way of further example, Z may be represented as formula (WId): R1Ais absent or is selected from the group consisting of: phenyl that is optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; C3 to C8 cycloalkyl; C1 to C6 alkyl and C1 to C6 haloalkyl; R2Ais absent or is selected from the group consisting of: phenyl that is optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; heterocycloalkyl having 5 to 7 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heterocycloalkyl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; -NRy; –CH(phenyl)-, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; and –CH(heteroaryl), wherein the heteroaryl has 5 to 6 ring atoms and contains 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; wherein Ryis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; R3Ais selected from the group consisting of C1 to C6 alkyl optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; C3 to C8 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents; heterocycloalkyl having 3 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heterocycloalkyl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; phenyl that is optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; and heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2, or a heteroatom selected from O and NRx, wherein Rxis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; with the proviso that none or only 1 of X2and X3is a heteroatom; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. By way of further example, Z may be represented as formula (WIe’): R1Ais absent (i.e. when m is 0) or is selected from the group consisting of: phenyl; heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; C3 to C7 cycloalkyl; heterocycloalkyl having 5 to 7 ring atoms and containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; C1 to C6 alkyl and C1 to C6 haloalkyl; wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C3 alkyl, C1 to C3 haloalkyl and C1 to C3 alkoxy; and / or wherein two R1Agroups combine to form a C1-3 bridge, C3-5cycloalkyl or 5- to 7- membered N-heterocycloalkyl (e.g. wherein the C3-5cycloalkyl or the 5- to 7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl are joined to ring AAat a spiro centre); R2Ais absent or is selected from the group consisting of: phenyl; heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms and containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; heterocycloalkyl having 5 to 7 ring atoms and containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; -NRy; –CH(phenyl)-; and –CH(heteroaryl) wherein the heteroaryl has 5 to 6 ring atoms and contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; and further wherein the phenyl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, -CH(phenyl)- and –CH(heteroaryl) are each optionally substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C3 alkyl, C1 to C3 haloalkyl and C1 to C3 alkoxy; wherein Ryis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; R3Ais selected from the group consisting of C1 to C6 alkyl optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group the heterocycloalkyl having 5 to 7 ring atoms and containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; C3 to C6 cycloalkyl; phenyl; and heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; wherein the C3 to C6 cycloalkyl, phenyl and heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C3 alkyl, C1 to C3 haloalkyl and C1 to C3 alkoxy; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2 or O; with the proviso that none or only 1 of X2and X3is O; m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; n is 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. By way of further example, Z may be represented as formula (WIe): R1Ais absent or is selected from the group consisting of: phenyl; heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; C3 to C7 cycloalkyl; C1 to C6 alkyl and C1 to C6 haloalkyl; wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C3 alkyl, C1 to C3 haloalkyl and C1 to C3 alkoxy; R2Ais absent or is selected from the group consisting of: phenyl; heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms and containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; heterocycloalkyl having 5 to 7 ring atoms and containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; -NRy; –CH(phenyl)-; and –CH(heteroaryl) wherein the heteroaryl has 5 to 6 ring atoms and contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; and further wherein the phenyl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, -CH(phenyl)- and –CH(heteroaryl) are each optionally substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C3 alkyl, C1 to C3 haloalkyl and C1 to C3 alkoxy; wherein Ryis H or C1 to C6 alkyl; R3Ais selected from the group consisting of C1 to C6 alkyl optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group the heterocycloalkyl having 5 to 7 ring atoms and containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; C3 to C6 cycloalkyl; phenyl; and heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; wherein the C3 to C6 cycloalkyl, phenyl and heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C3 alkyl, C1 to C3 haloalkyl and C1 to C3 alkoxy; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2 or O; with the proviso that none or only 1 of X2and X3is O; and n is 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In further embodiments, Z comprises a structure according to formula (WZII): or as in any one of the embodiments disclosed herein; R3Ais as described in any one of the embodiments disclosed herein; X5is CRb2, NRb, O or a 5- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl (e.g. a 5- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl); each R1Ais independently selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, and / or wherein two R1Agroups combine to form an optionally substituted C1-3 bridge or optionally substituted C3-5cycloalkyl (optionally wherein the C3-5cycloalkyl is joined to the heterocyclic ring shown in formula (WZII) at a spiro centre); Rbis H or optionally substituted C1-3alkyl; n1 is 0, 1, 2 or 3; m is 0, 1 or 2; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In yet further embodiments, Z comprises a structure according to any one of formulae (WZIIa) to (WZIIe): wherein: R2Ais as described in any one of the embodiments disclosed herein; R3Ais as described in any one of the embodiments disclosed herein; each R1Ais independently selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, and / or wherein two R1Agroups combine to form an optionally substituted C3- 5cycloalkyl (optionally wherein the C3-5cycloalkyl is joined to the heterocyclic ring shown in formula (ZIIa) at a spiro centre); X5is C(Rb)2, NRbor O; Rbis H or optionally substituted C1-3alkyl; n1 is 0, 1, 2 or 3; n’ is 1 or 2; m is 0, 1 or 2; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. For example, Z may comprise a structure according to formula (WZIIIa) to (WZIIIh): R2Ais as described in any one of the embodiments disclosed herein; R3Ais as described in any one of the embodiments disclosed herein; each R1Ais independently selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl; X5is CH2, NRbor O; Rbis H or optionally substituted C1-3alkyl; n1 is 0, 1 or 2; n’ is 1 or 2; m is 0, 1 or 2; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In even further embodiments, Z comprises a structure according to formula (WZIVa) to (WZIVj): R2Ais absent or is as described in any one of the embodiments disclosed herein; R3Ais as described in any one of the embodiments disclosed herein; each R1Ais independently selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl; n1 is 0, 1 or 2; n’ is 1 or 2; m is 0, 1 or 2; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In further examples, Z comprises a structure according to formula (WIf): or substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl; R2Ais absent or is selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, -CH(aryl)- and –CH(substituted aryl)-; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl; and wherein at least one of R1Aand R2Ais present; n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In some examples, R1A, R2Aand R3Aof formula (WIf) may be selected from those groups defined above for any one or more of formulae (WIc’), (WIc), (WId’), (WId), (WIe’) or (WIe). In some examples of formulae (WZI), (WI) and the various subgeneric formula described above and herein, n may be 1, 2 or 3 and / or n1 may be 0, 1 or 2. In those cases where R1Ais absent, Z may be represented by formula (WII): substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and – CH(substituted heteroaryl); R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a a heterocycloalkyl group; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2 or O; with the proviso that none or only 1 of X2and X3is O; and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In those cases where R1Ais absent, Z may be represented by formula (WIIa): substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, -CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl)- and – CH(substituted heteroaryl); R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a a heterocycloalkyl group; and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. By way of particular example, in formulae (WII) or (WIIa), n may be 1 or 2. By way of further example, Z may be represented by formula (WIIb): wherein R2Ais selected from aryl substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, and substituted heterocycloalkyl; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2 or O; with the proviso that none or only 1 of X2and X3is O; n is 1 or 2; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. By way of further example, Z may be represented by formula (WIIc): wherein R2Ais selected from heterocycloalkyl and substituted heterocycloalkyl; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; X1is CH2; X2and X3are each independently CH2 or O; with the proviso that none or only 1 of X2and X3is O; n is 1 or 2; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In some cases, Z may be represented by formula (WIId): and substituted heterocycloalkyl; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; n is 1 or 2; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In other examples, Z may comprise a structure according to formula (WIIe): aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl and substituted heterocycloalkyl; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; n is 1 or 2; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In other examples, Z may comprise a structure according to formula (WIIf): aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl and substituted heterocycloalkyl; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In those cases where R2Ais absent, Z may comprise a structure according to formula (WIII): aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkyl; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; and n is 0,1, 2 or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In some examples, n may be 1 or 2. In some examples where n is 2, Z may be represented by formula (WIIIa): wherein R1Ais selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkyl; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In some examples where n is 1, Z may be represented by formula (WIIIb): heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl and C1-C6 alkyl; R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. As illustrated above, compounds of formula (WIIIb) comprise at least two stereocentres and so exist in several diastereomeric (and enantiomeric) forms. In some examples, the groups R1Aand L may exist in a trans relationship (e.g. these groups are held and / or oriented on opposite sides of the heterocyclic core). In other examples, the groups R1Aand L may exist in a cis relationship (e.g. these groups are held and / or oriented on the same side of the heterocyclic core). By way of further example, compounds of formula (WIIIb) may encompass at least the following diastereomeric forms: In those -, (substituted aryl)- , -CH(heteroaryl)- and -CH(substituted heteroaryl)-, Z may be represented by formula (WIV): wherein R3Ais selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; R4Ais selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl and substituted heteroaryl; and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In some examples, Z may comprise a structure according to formula (WIVa): C6alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group; R4Ais selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl and substituted heteroaryl; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker. In either of formula (WIV) or (WIVa), R4Amay be selected from aryl or substituted aryl. With respect to the various structures for Z defined by the formulae (WI) to (WIV) (and subgeneric formulae thereof) herein (and unless otherwise stated), R1Amay be selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, C1 to C6 alkyl, and substituted C1 to C6 alkyl. In some examples, R1Ais an optionally substituted aryl or an optionally substituted heteroaryl. Where R1Ais a substituted aryl or substituted heteroaryl, the aryl or heteroaryl may comprise one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C1 to C6 alkyl (e.g. methyl), C1 to C6 alkoxy (e.g. methoxy), C1 to C6 haloalkyl and halo. By way of further example, R1Amay be phenyl that is optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy. By way of a yet further example, R1Amay be heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; C3 to C8 cycloalkyl. Representative examples of suitable R1Agroups include but are not limited to phenyl, substituted phenyl, pyrazolyl, and substituted pyrazolyl. In some examples, R1Ais a cycloalkyl, such as a C3 to C7 cycloalkyl, or a C3 to C6 cycloalkyl. In some examples, R1Ais a C1 to C6 alkyl, such as a C1 to C3 alkyl that is optionally substituted with one to three substituents as defined herein. Further non-limiting examples of suitable R1Agroups are illustrated below: Further non- groups are: non- groups are: In the structures shown a wavy line represents the covalent bond between the exemplary R1Agroups shown above and a carbon atom on the heterocycloalkyl core attached to the R1Agroup in the parent structure of Z (as illustrated by the various formulae (WI) to (WIV) (and sub- generic formulae) described herein). Although a particular substitution pattern is shown in the exemplary aryl and heteroaryl structures above, it will be appreciated that other substitution patterns are also encompassed within the scope of the present disclosure. In further examples, such as in respect of formulae (WZII), two R1Agroups may combine to form a C1-3 bridge or C3-5cycloalkyl. For example, two R1Agroups may combine to form a C3-5cycloalkyl. In such examples, the C3-5cycloalkyl may be joined to the heterocyclic ring of the parent structure at a spiro centre. With respect to the various structures for Z defined by the formulae (WZI) to (WZIV), (WI) to (WIV) (and sub-generic formulae) described herein (and unless otherwise stated), R2Amay be selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, NRy, - CH(aryl)-, –CH(substituted aryl)-, -CH(heteroaryl) and –CH(substituted heteroaryl); wherein Ryis optionally substituted C1-6alkyl (such as methyl) or H. In some examples, R2Ais present in Z (and / or the compounds described herein) as a divalent group. In other words, as shown in formulae (WI) to (WIVa) (and unless otherwise stated), the various groups defined for R2Aare covalently attached to an atom of the heterocyclic core of Z and also may be covalently attached to an atom of a linker. Thus, these groups may be considered as divalent radical species. Where R2Ais selected from optionally substituted aryl and optionally substituted heteroaryl, R2Amay be selected from aryl having 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms, the aryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents; and heteroaryl having 5 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents. By way of further example, R2Amay be selected from phenyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, halo, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy; and heteroaryl having 5 to 6 ring atoms and containing 1 or 2 N atoms, the heteroaryl being optionally substituted with one to three substituents selected from C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1 to C3 alkyl), halo (e.g. F), C1- C6 haloalkyl (e.g. C1 to C3 haloalkyl) and C1 to C6 alkoxy (e.g. C1 to C3 alkoxy). In some cases, suitable examples of R2Ainclude (but are not limited to) optionally substituted phenyl, and optionally substituted pyrazolyl. Where R2Ais selected from optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl, the heterocycloalkyl may have 3 to 10 ring atoms and contain 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S, and the heterocycloalkyl may be optionally substituted with one to three substituents. In some examples, the heterocycloalkyl may have 5 to 8 ring atoms (e.g.6 ring atoms) and may contain 1 or 2 N atoms. In some cases, suitable examples include (but are not limited to) optionally substituted piperidinyl, and optionally substituted piperazinyl. Further examples of suitable R2Agroups are shown below: wherein in the structures shown above, R6Amay be selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl, halo, C1-C6 haloalkyl and C1-C6 alkoxy. In some examples, R6Amay be selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl. Further examples of suitable R2Agroups are shown below: wherein R6Ais selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl, halo, C1-C6 haloalkyl and C1-C6 alkoxy. In some examples, R6Amay be selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl. In the structures shown above, the line intersected by a wavy line represents the covalent bond between the exemplary R2Agroups shown above and a carbon atom on the heterocycloalkyl core attached to the R2Agroup in the parent structure of Z (as illustrated by the various formulae (WI) to (WIV) (and sub- generic formulae thereof) described herein and unless otherwise stated). Although a particular substitution pattern is shown in the exemplary structures above, it will be appreciated that other substitution patterns are also encompassed within the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, the bond to L shows the point of attachment to the linker. In the exemplary aryl structure above, it will be appreciated that the linker may replace a hydrogen atom at any suitable position on the aryl ring (e.g. provided it is chemically suitable and has the correct valency). With respect to the various structures for Z defined by the various formulae (WI) to (WIV) (and sub- generic formulae thereof) described herein, R3Ais selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S. In some examples, R3Ais selected fromC1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl. In some examples, R3Amay be selected from the group consisting of: C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with a heterocycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 ring atoms and containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; aryl having 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms; and heteroaryl having 5 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; wherein the aryl and the heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C3 alkyl, C1 to C3 haloalkyl and C1 to C3 alkoxy. By way of further example, in some cases the aryl and heteroaryl may be optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from halo (e.g. F) and C1 to C3 alkyl (e.g. methyl). Representative examples of suitable R3Agroups include, but are not limited to, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, benzothiazolyl, phenyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxetanyl, cyclobutanyl, cyclopropanyl, tert-butyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, thiophenyl, imidazo(1,2-a)pyridinyl, N-C1 to C6 alkylenemorpholine, and 4,5,6,7- tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazolyl, such as thiazolyl, pyridinyl, benzothiazolyl, phenyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, oxetanyl, cyclobutanyl, cyclopropanyl and tert-butyl. In each case, these R3Agroups may be substituted, such as substituted thiazolyl, substituted pyridinyl, substituted benzothiazolyl, substituted phenyl, substituted pyrazolyl, substituted isoxazolyl, substituted isothiazolyl, substituted tetrahydropyranyl, substituted tetrahydrofuranyl, substituted oxetanyl, substituted cyclobutanyl, substituted cyclopropanyl and substituted tert-butyl. Where R3Ais a substituted heteroaryl or aryl group, there may be one or more substituents on the aromatic ring e.g. it may be mono-, di- or tri-substituted. Where R3Ais optionally substituted pyrazolyl or imidazolyl, a nitrogen atom of the pyrazolyl or imidazolyl ring may be substituted with C1 to C6 alkyl, such as methyl. Representative examples of suitable R3Agroups include, but are not limited to, optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted thiazolyl, optionally substituted pyrazolyl, optionally substituted oxazoyl, optionally substituted isoxazolyl, tert-butyl, C1-C6 alkyl comprising a morpholino substituent, optionally substituted benzothiazolyl and optionally substituted pyridinyl. Where R3Ais a substituted aryl or heteroaryl group, there may be one or more substituents on the aromatic ring e.g. it may be mono-, di- or tri-substituted. Representative examples of suitable R3Agroups include, but are not limited to, optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted thiazolyl, optionally substituted pyrazolyl, optionally substituted oxazoyl, tert-butyl, C1-C6 alkyl comprising a morpholino substituent, optionally substituted benzothiazolyl and optionally substituted pyridinyl. Further examples of suitable R3Agroups are shown below:

[0017] wherein the dotted line on the structures indicates the position that each of the respective R3Agroups may be joined to the structure shown in the formulae described herein. Where the dotted line is not shown connected directly to an atom, the R3Agroup may be connected to the structure shown in formulae by a covalent bond to an atom at any position on the aromatic ring (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, a hydrogen at any position on the R3Agroup may be replaced with a bond to the parent structures as shown in the formulae described herein. R5Amay be any substituent as described herein or may be absent. In some examples, R5Amay be selected from halo (e.g. F, Cl, Br, I), CF3, -CH2F, -CHF2, OCF3, -OCH2F, -OCHF2, C1 to C6 alkyl, -CN, -OH, -OMe, -SMe, -SOMe, -SO2Me, -NH2, -NHMe, -NMe2, CO2Me, -NO2, CHO, and COMe. As stated above, there may be one or more substituents on the aromatic ring (e.g. n may be 0 to 5, such as 0 to 4, 0 to 3, or 0 to 2). Where more than one substituent is present, each substituent may be independently selected from the R5Agroups noted above. R6Amay be C1 to C6 alkyl, such as methyl. G may be selected from CH2, O and NH. Q may be C1 to C6 alkylene such as dimethylmethylene (-C(CH3)2-) or dimethylethylene (- C(CH3)2CH2-). In embodiments, R5Amay not be -OH. In further embodiments, R3is selected from the group consisting of:

[0018] wherein the dotted line indicates the position at which each of the respective R3groups is joined to the structure in the formulae described herein. By way of further example, R5Amay be selected from C1 to C6 alkyl (e.g. methyl) and halo (e.g. F). As stated above, there may be one or more substituents on the aromatic ring. Where two or more substituents are present, each substituent may be independently selected from the R5Agroups noted above. Again, where present and unless otherwise indicated, R5Amay be appended to the aryl or heteroaryl ring at any position (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). In the structures shown above, the line intersected by a wavy line represents the covalent bond between the exemplary R3Agroups shown above and the carbon atom of the parent structure of Z (as illustrated by the various formulae (WZI) to (WZV), (WI) to (WIV) (and sub-generic formulae thereof) described herein). In those cases where R3Ais an aryl or heteroaryl group, this covalent bond (as illustrated in the various formulae described herein) may be formed at any position on the aromatic ring (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, a hydrogen at any position on the R3Agroups shown above may be replaced with a bond to the structure shown in formula (I). By way of further example, a suitable R3Agroup may be selected from the following: wherein the dotted line on the structures indicates the position that each of the respective R3Agroups may be joined to the structure shown in formulae described herein, and R5A, R6A, n and G are as defined above. In other examples, a suitable R3Agroup may be selected from the following: wherein the line intersected by a wavy line represents the covalent bond between the exemplary R3Agroups shown above and the carbon atom of the parent structure of Z (as illustrated by the various formulae described herein), and R5Ais as defined above. In other examples, a suitable R3Agroup may be selected from the following: a wavy represents exemplary R3Agroups shown above and the carbon atom of the parent structure of Z (as illustrated by the various formulae described herein), and R5Ais as defined above. By way of further example, a suitable R3Agroup may be selected from the following:

[0019] Again, in the structures shown above, the line intersected by a wavy line represents the covalent bond between the exemplary R3Agroups shown above and the carbon atom of the parent structure of Z (as illustrated by the various formulae (WZI) to WZV), (WI) to (WIV) (and sub-generic formulae thereof) described herein). By way of further example, a suitable R3Agroup may be selected from the following: . Again, in the structures shown above, the line intersected by a wavy line represents the covalent bond between the exemplary R3Agroups shown above and the carbon atom of the parent structure of Z (as illustrated by the various formulae (WZI) to WZV), (WI) to (WIV) (and sub-generic formulae thereof) described herein). By way of another example, the R3Agroup may be: . Again, in the structures shown above, the line intersected by a wavy line represents the covalent bond between the exemplary R3Agroup shown above and the carbon atom of the parent structure of Z (as illustrated by the various formulae (WZI) to WZV), (WI) to (WIV) (and sub-generic formulae thereof) described herein). As stated above, R4Amay be selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl and substituted heteroaryl. In some examples, R4Amay be selected from aryl having 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms; and heteroaryl having 5 to 10 ring atoms and containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms each independently selected from N, O and S; wherein the aryl and the heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, C1 to C3 alkyl, C1 to C3 haloalkyl and C1 to C3 alkoxy. In some examples, R4Amay be an optionally substituted phenyl. By way of further example, a suitable R4Agroup may be selected from the following: may any substituent as described herein or may be absent. In some examples, R7Amay be selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, halo, C1 to C6 haloalkyl and C1 to C6 alkoxy. In some examples, R6Amay be C1 to C6 alkyl or C1 to C3 alkyl (e.g. methyl). As stated above, there may be one or more substituents on the aromatic ring. Where two or more substituents are present, each substituent may be independently selected from the R7Agroups noted above. Again, where present and unless otherwise indicated, R7Amay be covalently bonded to the aryl or heteroaryl ring at any position (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). By way of further example, representative examples of Z are illustrated below:

[0020]

[0021] 5 By way of further example, representative examples of Z are illustrated below: In the exemplary structures shown above, R3Amay be selected from any of those R3Agroups disclosed herein. In some cases, in the exemplary structures shown above, R3Amay be selected from the group consisting of:

[0022] In the exemplary structures shown above, R3Amay be selected from any of those R3Agroups disclosed herein. In some cases, in the exemplary structures shown above, R3Amay be: . In particular examples, Z is of formula: defined above. For example, Z may be any one of the structures shown below: . In particular examples, Z is of formula: defined above. may any one . For example, Z may be one of the structure shown below: . Alternatively it is noted, that whilst the various formulae (WZI) to (WZV), and (WI) to (WIV) (and sub-generic formulae thereof) described herein indicate that the linker is joined to the Z moiety via the heterocyclic core (either directly or indirectly via the R2Agroup), the present disclosure also extends to examples wherein the linker is attached at any other position in the Z moiety (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, the linker may replace a hydrogen atom at any position in the Z moiety. Thus, in some examples, Z may be represented as shown in formula (WZV) or (WV): of or or any one or more (WZIa) to (WZIV) or (WIa) to (WIVa)). The dotted line shown through the square brackets on formulae (WZV) and (WV) indicates that the linker may be joined via a covalent bond to any atom on the Z moiety provided that it has the correct valency, is chemically suitable and / or provided that the attachment of the linker at this alternative position does not disrupt the function of the Z moiety in promoting and / or facilitating proteasomal degradation. As described above, in some embodiments, Z may comprise a structure according to formula (A): carbonyl carbon C1; in particular, in some embodiments, Z consists of, or consists essentially of, a structure according to formula (A1): may any chemical group. For example, R1A1is selected from alkyl (e.g. C1 to C6 alkyl, e.g. t-Bu), cycloalkyl (e.g. cyclobutyl or cyclopentyl), heterocycloalkyl (e.g. morpholine, tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydropyran), substituted cycloalkyl, alkyl cycloalkyl (e.g. CH2-cyclohecyl), substituted alkylcycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl (e.g. CH2- morpholine), substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl (e.g. benzene), substituted aryl, alkyl aryl (e.g. benzyl), substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl (e.g. pyridyl), substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl (e.g. CH-ppyridyl), substituted alkylheteroaryl, alkyl amino (e.g. (CH2)2NMe2), alkyl amide (e.g. (CH2)2N(Me)COMe), alkoxyalkyl ((CH2)2OMe), alkylcarbonyl (e.g. (CH2)2COMe), alkyl carboxylic acid ((CH2)3COOH), optionally wherein the alkyl (e.g. C1 to C6 alkyl) is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; and wherein the linker is attached to carbonyl carbon C1. In embodiments of the invention as defined by formula (A1) or any formulae herein defined, the term “substituted” in respect of substituted cycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, substituted alkylaryl, substituted heteroaryl and substituted alkylheteroaryl also encompasses monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic ring systems, wherein the further rings are joined by a covalent bond, at a fused ring junction, at a spiro ring junction, or via a bridged ring system, or any combination thereof. In embodiments, Z consists, or consists essentially of, of a structure according to formula (A1), wherein R1A1is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S, and / or is substituted with a carbocyclic or heterocyclic group. In embodiments, R1A1is selected from the group consisting of: optionally substiuted heteroaryl, C1- C6 alkyl, optionally substiuted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, optionally substiuted C3-C6 cycloheteroalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl substituted with a heterocyclic group, aryl, and substituted aryl. In embodiments, R1A1is selected from the group consisting of: wherein the at R1groups is joined to the structure shown in formula (I), or wherein when the dotted line is not appended to an atom, the dotted line indicates that each of the respective R1A1group is joined to the structure via any position on the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring; each R3A1is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, CF3, -CH2F, -CHF2, -OCF3, -OCH2F, -OCHF2, C1 to C6 alkyl, -CN, -OH, -OMe, -SMe, -SOMe, -SO2Me, -NH2, -NHMe, -NMe2, CO2Me, - NO2, CHO and COMe; n is 0 to 3; R4A1is C1 to C6 alkyl; G is CH2, O or NH; and Q is C1 to C6 alkylene. In embodiments, R3A1may not be -OH. In further embodments, R1A1is selected from the group consisting of: ; wherein R3A1and n are as defined above. In further embodiments, R1A1is selected from the group consisting of:

[0023] groups is joinedructure shown in the formulae described herein. By way of another example, a suitable R1A1group may be selected from the following:

[0024] Again, in the structures shown above, the line intersected by a wavy line represents the covalent bond between the exemplary R1A1groups shown above and the carbon atom of the parent structure of Z (as illustrated by the various formulae (A1) to (A3) (and sub-generic formulae thereof) described herein). By way of another example, a suitable R1A1group may be selected from the following: . Again, in the structures shown above, the line intersected by a wavy line represents the covalent bond between the exemplary R1A1groups shown above and the carbon atom of the parent structure of Z (as illustrated by the various formulae (A1) to (A3) (and sub-generic formulae thereof) described herein). In the above embodiments, the atom directly attached to C1is suitably N. In embodiments, the compound comprises a structure according to formula (A2): wherein C1and R1A1are defined as for formula (A1); R2A1is selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, alkylaryl, substituted alkylaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl and substituted heterocycloalkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S and / or is substituted with a carbocyclic or heterocyclic group. In embodiments, the compound comprises a structure according to formula (A2a): wherein C1and R1A1is as defined in formula (A1); A is CR’R’’; R’and R’’are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O or S, or wherein R’and R’’together form a 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; q is 1 to 3. In embodiments of formula A2 and A2a, R2A1is selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl. In other embodiments, R2A1is not H. In alternative embodiments, the compound comprises a structure according to formula (A3): wherein: C1and R1A1is as defined in formula (A1); ring AA3is an optionally substituted monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic N-heterocycle optionally comprising one to four additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In embodiments, the compound comprises a structure according to formula (A3), wherein: ring AA3is an optionally substituted 4-membered to 9-membered (e.g.5-membered to 6-membered) monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; or ring AA3is an optionally substituted 6-membered to 12-membered (e.g. 7-membered to 8- membered) bridged N-heterocycloalkyl, optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; or ring AA3is an optionally substituted bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl comprising a first ring and a second ring, the first ring being an optionally substituted 3-membered to 7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl, optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and the second ring being an optionally substituted 3-membered to 7-membered cycloalkyl or N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, wherein the first and second ring are joined at a spiro centre; or ring AA3is an optionally substituted fused bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl comprising a first ring and a second ring, the first ring being an optionally substituted 4-membered to 9-membered N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and the second ring being an optionally substituted 4-membered to 9-membered cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl ring optionally containing one or two ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; or ring AA3is an optionally substituted fused bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl comprising a first ring and a second ring, the first ring being an optionally substituted 4-membered to 9-membered N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and the second ring being a 6-membered to 10-membered aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl or substituted heteroaryl. In embodiments, the compound comprises a structure selected from the group consisting of: wherein C1and R1A1is as defined in formula (A1). In embodiments, the compound comprises a structure selected from the group consisting of:

[0025] wherein C1and R1A1is as defined in formula (A1). In embodiments, the compound comprises a structure selected from the group consisting of: as . In embodiments, the compound comprises a structure selected from the group consisting of:

[0026] Linker (L) As described herein, the TBL is linked or coupled to moiety Z via a linker L. The linker may be a chemical linker (e.g. a chemical linker moiety) and, for example, may be a covalent linker, by which is meant that the linker is coupled to Z and / or TBL by a covalent bond. The linker acts to tether the target protein binding ligand and Z moieties to one another whilst also allowing both of these portions to bind to their respect targets and / or perform their intended function. In particular, the linker may act to tether the target protein binding ligand to Z whilst also mitigating the possibility of the Z moiety disrupting, interfering with and / or inhibiting the binding of the target protein binding ligand to the target protein. Additionally or alternatively, the linker may act to tether Z to the target protein binding ligand whilst also mitigating the possibility of the target protein binding ligand disrupting, interfering with and / or inhibiting the cellular interactions of Z (e.g. its function in modulating, facilitating and / or promoting the proteasomal degradation of the target protein). In other words, the linker may function to facilitate targeted protein degradation by allowing each end of the compound to be available for binding (or another type of cellular interaction) with various components of the cellular environment. For example, the linker may be configured to allow the target protein binding ligand to bind to the target protein without interference, disruption and / or inhibition from the Z moiety of the compound. Additionally or alternatively, the linker may be configured to allow the Z moiety to interact with the various components in the cellular environment to modulate, facilitate and / or promote the proteasomal degradation of the target protein without interference, disruption and / or inhibition from the target protein binding ligand of the compound. In many cases, a broad range of linkers will be tolerated. The selection of linker may depend upon the protein being targeted for degradation (the target protein) and / or the particular target protein binding ligand that binds to BRD9. The linker may be selected to provide a particular length and / or flexibility, e.g. such that the target protein binding ligand and the Z moiety are held within a particular distance and / or geometry. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, the length and / or flexibility of the linker may be varied dependent upon the structure and / or nature of the target protein binding ligand. In some examples, the TBL is connected directly to moiety Z by a covalent bond i.e, the linker is a covalent bond. Such a direct connection is also encompassed within the term “linker” within the context of the present disclosure (and unless otherwise stated). By way of example only, the linker may comprise any number of atoms between 1 and 200, between 1 and 100, between 1 and 50, between 1 and 30 or between 1 and 10. In some cases the linker may comprise any number of atoms in a single linear chain of between 1 and 200, between 1 and 100, between 1 and 50, between 1 and 30 or between 1 and 10. In some examples of the disclosure, the linker may comprise any number of atoms in a single linear chain between 1 and 25, such as 3 and 25, or between 1 and 20, such as 3 and 20, or between 1 and 18, such as 3 and 18. The degree of flexibility of the linker may depend upon the number of rotatable bonds present in the linker. A rotatable bond is defined as a single non-ring bond, bound to a nonterminal heavy atom (e.g. non-hydrogen atom). As described herein, an amide (C-N) bond is not considered rotatable because of the high rotational energy barrier. In some cases, the linkers may comprise one or more moieties selected from rings, double bonds and amides to reduce the flexibility of the linker. In other cases, the linker may comprise a greater number and / or proportion of single bonds (e.g. may predominantly comprise single non-ring bonds) to increase the flexibility of the linker. It may also be appreciated that the length of the linker may affect the degree of flexibility. For example, a shorter linker comprising fewer bonds may also reduce the flexibility of a linker. In some examples, the number of rotatable bonds present in the linker may be any number between 1 and 20, between 1 and 15, between 1 and 10, or between 1 and 8. In some examples, the number of rotatable bonds present in the linker may be any number between 2 and 9, between 2 and 8, or between 3 and 6. In some examples, the linker may comprise any number of atoms in a single linear chain between 10 and 20; and / or the number of rotatable bonds present in the linker may be any number between 1 and 8. The structure of the linker (L) may be represented as follows: (Lx)q wherein each Lx represents a subunit of L; and q is an integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, q may be any integer between 1 and 30, between 1 and 20 or between 1 and 5. By way of example, in the case where q is 1, the linker comprises only one Lx subunit and may be represented as L1. In the case where q is 2, the linker comprises two Lx subunits that are covalently linked to one another and which may be represented as L1- L2. In another example, where q is 3, the linker comprises three Lx subunits that are covalently linked to one another and may be represented as L1-L2-L3. For even higher integer values of q, L may comprise the following subunits L1, L2, L3, L4 ….up to Lq. Each of Lx may be independently selected from CRL1RL2, O, C=O, S, S=O, SO2, NRL3, SONRL4, SONRL5C=O, CONRL6, NRL7CO, C(RL8)=C(RL9), C≡C, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl groups. Each of RL1, RL2, RL3, RL4, RL5, RL6, RL7, RL8, and RL9may be independently selected from H, halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6, haloalkyl, -OH, -O(C1 to C6 alkyl), -NH2, -NH(C1 to C6 alkyl), -NO2, -CN, -CONH2, - CONH(C1 to C6 alkyl), -CON(C1 to C6 alkyl)2, –S(O)OC1 to C6 alkyl, -C(O)OC1 to C6 alkyl, and -CO(C1 to C6 alkyl). In some examples, each of RL1, RL2, RL3, RL4, RL5, RL6, RL7, RL8and RL9may be independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl. The terminal Lx subunits may link or couple the linker moiety to the TBL and Z moieties of the compound. For example, if the terminal Lx subunits are designated as L1 and Lq, L1 may link the linker to the TBL moiety and Lq may link the linker to the Z moiety. In those cases where q is 1, the one Lx subunit (e.g. L1) provides the link between the TBL and Z moieties of the compound. The TBL and Z moieties may be covalently linked to L through any group which is appropriate and stable to the chemistry of the linker. By way of example only, the linker may be covalently bonded to the TBL moiety via a carbon-carbon bond, keto, amino, amide, ester or ether linkage. Similarly, the linker may be covalently bonded to the Z moiety via a carbon-carbon bond, carbon-nitrogen bond, keto, amino, amide, ester or ether linkage. In some cases, each terminal Lx subunit (e.g. L1 and Lq) is independently selected from O, C=O, CRL1RL2, NRL3, CONRL6, NRL7CO, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl groups. In some examples, at least one of Lx comprises a ring structure and is, for example, selected from a heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl or aryl group. In alternative examples, the linker may be or comprise an alkyl linker comprising, a repeating subunit of –CH2-; where the number of repeats is from 1 to 50, for example, 1-50, 1-40, 1-30, 1-20, 1-19, 1-18, 1-17, 1-16, 1-15, 1-14, 1-13, 1-12, 1-11, 1-10, 1-9.1-8, 1-7, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3 and 1-2. In other examples, the linker may be or comprise a polyalkylene glycol. By way of example only, the linker may be or comprise a polyethylene glycol (PEG) comprising repeating subunits of ethylene glycol (C2H4O), for example, having from about 1-50 ethylene glycol subunits, for example where the number of repeats is from 1 to 100, for example, 1-50, 1-40, 1-30, 1-20, 1-191-18, 1-17, 1-16, 1-15, 1-14, 1-13, 1-12 or 1-5 repeats. In some of the examples described herein, the structure of the linker (L) may be, or comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1a): or C1-C6 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. -O(CH2)- , -O(CH2)2-, -O(CH2)5-, -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -NRL2A(CH2)-, -RL2A(CH2)2-, -RL2A(CH2)5-, - CH2RL2ACH2-); L2Ais -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A-; and L3Ais selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. -(CH2)O-, -(CH2)2O-, -(CH2)5O- , -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -(CH2)NRL2A-, -(CH2)2NRL2A-, -(CH2)5NRL2A-, -CH2NRL2ACH2-); wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1-C3 alkyl). In further examples, the structure of the linker (L) may be, or comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1b): or ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. -O(CH2)- , -O(CH2)2-, -O(CH2)5-, -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -NRL2A(CH2)-, -NRL2A(CH2)2-, -RL2A(CH2)5-, - CH2RL2ACH2-); L2Bis -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A-; L3Bis selected from C1-C15 alkylene, -[(CH2)2O]1-6(CH2)2-; L4Bis -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A- wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1-C3 alkyl); L5Bis selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. -(CH2)O-, -(CH2)2O-, -(CH2)5O-,-CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6alkylamino (e.g. -(CH2)NRL2A-, -NRL2A(CH2)2-,-(CH2)5NRL2A-,-CH2NRL2ACH2-); wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1-C3 alkyl). In some of the examples described herein, the structure of the linker (L) may be, or comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1c): an 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted 8- to 18- membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; L2Cis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. -(CH2)O-, - (CH2)2O-, -(CH2)5O-, -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -(CH2)NRL2A-, -(CH2)2NRL2A-, -(CH2)5NRL2A-, - CH2NRL2ACH2-); L3Cis -RL2BC=O- or –(C=O)RL2B-; and L4Cis selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. -(CH2)O-, -(CH2)2O-, -(CH2)5O- , -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -(CH2)NRL2A-, -(CH2)2NRL2A-, -(CH2)5NRL2A-, -CH2NRL2ACH2-); wherein: RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1-C3 alkyl); and RL2Bis NRL2A; or an N-linked optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N- heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In examples of Linker (L) represented by the Formula L1c, L1Cand L2Cmay be both absent. In such examples, RL2Bin L3Cis an N-linked optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and L3Cis the terminal subunit of the linker attached, suitably covalently attached, to the TBL via RL2B. In some of the examples described herein, the structure of the linker (L) may be, or comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1d): or C1-C3 alkylene, CO, C1-C3 alkylene(N(C1-C3 alkyl); L2Dis NRL2Aor an optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted 8- to 18- membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1-C3 alkyl); and L3Dis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, –O-, -N(C1-C3 alkyl)-, and CO. In further examples, the structure of the linker (L) may be, or comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1e): or CO; L2Eis an optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; and L3Eis selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. methylene). In some examples, L1A, L1B, L1C, L1D, or L1Eis the terminal subunit of the linker structure attached (i.e. covalently bonded) to the W moiety and L3A, L5B, L4C, L3D, L3E, is the terminal subunit of the linker structure attached (i.e. covalently bonded) to the TBL portion. Where any of L1A, L1Bor L1Dare absent, L2A, L2Bor L2Dis directly attached (i.e. covalently bonded) to the W moiety. Where L3Dis absent, L2Dis directly attached (i.e. covalently bonded) to the TBL portion. As stated above, a number of linker portions, such as L1C, L2D, L2Eexamples of RL2Band, may be bicyclic or tricyclic, and unless otherwise stated, these moieties may comprise rings that are joined by a bond, rings that are fused, a bridged ring and / or rings that are joined at a spiro centre. When any one of L1C, L2D, L2Eexamples of RL2Bis bicyclic, it may be a bridged bicyclic ring (i.e. it may comprise two rings that share three or more atoms) or it may be a spirocyclic bicyclic ring (i.e. it may comprise two rings that share one atom, e.g. the two rings may be joined at a spiro centre). When any one of L1C, L2D, L2Eexamples of RL2Bis a bridged bicyclic ring, it may be an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bridged bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be a 7- or 8-membered bridged bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be a 7- or 8-membered bridged bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one additional ring atom selected from N. When any one of L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bis a spirocyclic bicyclic ring, it may be an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be a 7- to 12-membered spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some cases, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be bicyclic and comprises a first 5- to 7-membered ring and a second 3- to 7-membered ring. For example, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be a spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl comprising a first 5- or 6-membered ring and a second 3- to 6-membered ring, and optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be a spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl comprising a first 5- or 6-membered ring and a second 3- to 6-membered ring, and optionally containing one additional ring heteroatoms selected from N. In some examples, the structure of L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be any one selected from: ; Wherein L1Aand L3Aare as defined above; X5is C(Rb)2, NRbor O; Rbis H or optionally substituted C1-3alkyl; n1 is 0, 1, 2 or 3; n’ is 1 or 2; m is 0, 1 or 2 The dotted line on the structures above indicates that the linker may be joined to the structure shown at any position indicated (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). In some examples L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bis any one selected from: The dotted line on the structures above indicates that the linker may be joined to the structure shown at any position indicated (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). As stated above, L1Dis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, –O-, -N(C1-C3 alkyl)-, and CO. In some examples, L3Dis selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. methylene). In some of the examples described herein, the linker (L) may be, or comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1f): L1F(L1f) wherein L1Fis selected from C1-C3 alkylene, CO, and C1-C3 alkylene(NRL1C); wherein RL1Cis H or C1-C3 alkyl. In some examples, L1Fis selected from C1-C3 alkylene (such as methylene). In any of the examples described herein, the linker is or comprises one or more of:

[0027] wherein q1 any or 1 and 5). Alternatively, in any of the examples described herein, the linker is or comprises one or more of:

[0028]

[0029] 5 any or or . As a further alternative, in any of the examples described herein, the linker is or comprises one or more of: wherein q1 is any integer between 1 and 20, or between 1 and 10 (e.g. between 1 and 5) and q2 teger between 1 and 20, or between 1 and 10 (e.g.3, 4, 5, 6 or 10). In particular examples, the linker is or comprises one or more of the following structures:

[0030] In yet further alternatives, in any of the examples described herein, the linker is or comprises one or more of:

[0031] wherein q3 is 1 to 8, such as 1 to 5, and q4 is 1 to 12, such as 1 to 10.5

[0032] In particular examples, the linker is or comprises one or more of the following structures: 5

[0033] 5

[0034] 5

[0035] 5

[0036] 5

[0037] 

[0038] 5

[0039] In some cases, the structures shown above represent the entire linker. In other examples, the linker of the compound may comprise a plurality of the structures shown above. In these structures, the wavy lines are shown over the bond(s) that forms the link with the TBL and Z moieties respectively. In some examples, the bond(s) that forms the link with the TBL and / or Z moieties is (are) attached to a ring structure. On many of the structures described herein, this bond is shown as being attached at a particular position on the ring structure. However, the disclosure also encompasses joining or coupling to the TBL and Z moieties at any chemically suitable position on these ring structures. The present disclosure encompasses the use of any of the linkers disclosed herein in combination with any of the Z moieties and TBL moieties described herein. In particular examples, the linker may not be: In cases, may not In some examples, the TBL-L-Z may be selected from any of the following:

[0040] 5

[0041] 

[0042] 5 ıIJ5

[0043] ıIJ6

[0044] 5 ıIJ7

[0045] wherein Z and TBL are as defined above and herein. In some examples, the compound comprising the general formula TBL-L-Z comprises one of the following structures:

[0046] wherein R2and R3are as defined above and herein, and the bond indicates the linkage to the rest of the compound. Exemplary Compounds of Formula (XX) It will be appreciated that the compounds of the present disclosure may exist in different stereoisomeric forms. The present disclosure includes within its scope the use of all stereoisomeric forms, or the use of a mixture of stereoisomers of the compounds, By way of example, where the compound comprises one or more chiral centres, the present disclosure encompasses each individual enantiomer of the compound as well as mixtures of enantiomers including racemic mixtures of such enantiomers. By way of further example, where the compound comprises two or more chiral centres, the present disclosure encompasses each individual diastereomer of the compound, as well as mixtures of the various diastereomers. Unless otherwise indicated, the various structures shown herein encompass all isomeric (e.g. enantiomeric, diastereomeric, and geometric (or conformational)) forms of the structure). For example, the present disclosure embraces the R and S configurations for each asymmetric centre, and Z and E double bond isomers. Therefore, single stereochemical isomers as well as enantiomeric, diastereomeric, and geometric (or conformational) mixtures of the present compounds are to be understood to be within the scope of the present disclosure. Additionally, unless otherwise stated, where present, all tautomeric forms of the compounds described herein are to be understood to be within the scope of the present disclosure. As used herein, references to “a compound” may further embrace a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, the compound may comprise any combination of target binding protein (TBL), linker (L) and warhead (Z) (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). For example, the bifunctional compound may comprise any combination of Z of formula (I), (II) or (III) (inc. corresponding subgeneric formulae defined herein, such as (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (IIa), (IIaa), (IIb), (IIc), and (IId)), L of any formula or subgeneric formula defined herein, and TBL of or comprising formula 1a, 1a’, 1b, 1c, 1b’, 1a1, 1a2, 1a3, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1f’, 1g’, 1ea to 1eh, 1fa to 1fh, 1ga, 1ea’, 1h to 1z or 2a to 2g. In other examples, the bifunctional compound comprises any combination of Z of formula (WZI) to (WZV), (WI), (WII), (WIII), (WIV) or (WV) (inc. corresponding subgeneric formulae defined herein, such as (WIa) to (WIf), (WIIa) to (WIIf), (WIIIa), (WIIIb) and (WIVa), (A), (A1) to (A3), L and TBL of any formula or subgeneric formula defined herein. In some embodiments: (i) Z is represented as formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (IIaa), (IIa) or (IIb) as defined above;and (ii) TBL is represented by formula (1e), (1f) or (1f’) as defined above.In other embodiments: (i) Z is represented as formula (Ia), (IIaa), or (IIa) as defined above; and(ii) TBL is represented by formula (1e), (1f) or (1f’) as defined above.In particular embodiments: (i) Z is represented as formula (Ia), (IIaa), or (IIa) as defined above; and(ii) TBL is represented by formula (1h), (1i) or (1j) as defined above.In other particular embodiments: (i) Z is represented as formula (Ib), or (IIb) as defined above; and(ii) TBL is represented by formula (1e), (1f) or (1f’) as defined above.In yet more particular embodiments: (i) Z is represented as formula (Ib), or (IIb) as defined above; and(ii) TBL is represented by formula (1h), (1i) or (1j) as defined above.In certain embodiments: (i) Z is represented as formula (Ia), (IIaa) or (IIa) as defined above;(ii) TBL is represented by formula 1a’’ as defined above.In these specific embodiments, L may be represented by formula L1a or L1b. In yet further embodiments: (i) Z is represented as formula (Ia), (IIaa) or (IIa) as defined above;(ii) TBL is represented by any one of formulae 1e’’, 1g’’, 1g’’’, 1ea’’ to 1eh’’, 1ea’’, 1h’’ to1z’’ and 2a’’ to 2g’’ as defined above; and (iii) L is represented by formula L1a or L1b as defined above.In even more particular embodiments: (i) Z is represented as formula (WI), (WII), (WIIa), (WIIb), (WIIc), (WIId), (WIIe), (WIIf),(WIII), (WIIIa), (WIIIb), (WIV) or (WIVa) as defined above; and (ii) TBL is represented by formula (1e), (1f) or (1f’) as defined above.In some examples: (i) Z is represented as formula (WI), (WII), (WIIa), (WIIb), (WIIc), (WIId), (WIIe), (WIIf),(WIII), (WIIIa), (WIIIb), (WIV) or (WIVa) as defined above; wherein Z is not:(ii) TBL is the target protein binding ligand that binds BRD9, wherein TBL is not: . In some embodiments: (i) Z is represented as any one of formula (WZI), (WZII), (WZIIa) to (WZIIe), (WZIIIa) to(WZIIIh) or (WZIVa) to (WZIVj) as defined above; (ii) TBL is represented by formula 1a’’ as defined above; and(iii) L is represented by formula L1c as defined above.In some embodiments: (i) Z is represented as any one of formula (WZI), (WZII), (WZIIa) to (WZIIe), (WZIIIa) to(WZIIIh) or (WZIVa) to (WZIVj) as defined above; (ii) TBL is represented by any one of formulae 1e’’, 1g’’ , 1g’’’, 1ea’’ to 1eh’’, 1ea’’, 1h’’ to1z’’ and 2a’’ to 2g’’ as defined above; and (iii) L is represented by formula L1c as defined above.In some cases, the compound is not: In some more specific examples, the compound of formula (X) (e.g. the compound of formula (XX)) is any one of formulae A2 to A76, BRD9a to BRD9ac, B1 to B84, B86, B88 to B96, B98 to B104, B106 to B127, B130 to B149, B152 to B156, B158 to B162, B164, B165, B169, B173 to B175, B180 to B215, and C1 to C107 or any combination of TBL, L and Z represented in A2 to A76, BRD9a to BRD9ac, B1 to B84, B86, B88 to B96, B98 to B104, B106 to B127, B130 to B149, B152 to B156, B158 to B162, B164, B165, B169, B173 to B175, B180 to B215, and C1 to C107 as shown in Table 1 below:

[0047] Table 1 showing structures of exemplary compounds of formula (X) (e.g. compounds of formula (XX)) A2 to A76, BRD9a to BRD9ac, B1 to B84, B86, B88 to B96, B98 to B104, B106 to B127, B130 to B149, B152 to B156, B158 to B162, B164, B165, B169, B173 to B175, B180 to B215, and C1 to C107. Table 1 shows indicative structures of the exemplified compounds. Absolute stereochemistry and double bond geometry, as appropriate, is arbitrarily assigned unless otherwise indicated herein. In some more specific examples, the compounds of formula (X) (e.g. compounds of formula (XX)) is any one of formulae B202, C6, C35, and C77.

[0048] Isotopically-labelled compounds of formula (XX) The disclosure also encompasses various deuterated forms of the compounds of any of the formulae disclosed herein, including formulae (I), (II), (III), (WZI) to (WZV), (WI), (WII), (WIII), (WIV), (WV), (A), (A1) to (A3), 1T, 2T, 3T, 4T, 5T, 6T, 7T, 8T, 9T, 11T, 12T, 13T, 14T (including corresponding subgeneric formulae defined herein) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and / or a corresponding tautomer form thereof (including subgeneric formulae, as defined above) of the present disclosure. Each available hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom may be independently replaced with a deuterium atom. A person of ordinary skill in the art will know how to synthesize deuterated forms of the compounds of any of the formulae disclosed herein, including those referred to above. For example, deuterated materials, such as alkyl groups may be prepared by conventional techniques (see for example: methyl- d3 -amine available from Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, WI, Cat. No.489,689-2). The disclosure also includes isotopically-labelled compounds which are identical to those recited in any of the formulae disclosed herein, including formulae (I), (II), (III), (WZI) to (WZV), (WI), (WII), (WIII), (WIV), (WV), (A), (A1) to (A3), 1a, 1a’, 1b, 1c, 1b’, 1a1, 1a2, 1a3, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1f’, 1g’, 1ea to 1eh, 1fa to 1fh, 1ga, 1ea’, 1h to 1z or 2a to 2g (including corresponding subgeneric formulae defined herein) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and / or a corresponding tautomer form thereof (including subgeneric formulae, as defined above) of the present disclosure, but for the fact that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number most commonly found in nature. Examples of isotopes that can be incorporated into compounds of the disclosure include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, iodine and chlorine such as2H,3H,11C,13C,14C,18F,123I or125I. Compounds of the present disclosure and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said compounds that contain the aforementioned isotopes and / or other isotopes of other atoms are within the scope of the present disclosure. Isotopically labelled compounds of the present disclosure, for example those into which radioactive isotopes such as3H or14C have been incorporated, are useful in drug and / or substrate tissue distribution assays. Tritiated, i.e.3H, and carbon-14, i.e.14C, isotopes are particularly preferred for their ease of preparation and detectability.11C and18F isotopes are particularly useful in PET (positron emission tomography). Pharmaceutical Compositions Comprising Compounds of Formula (XX) The present disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of formula (XX) described herein (including compositions further comprising at least one chemotherapeutic agent). In such compositions, the compound may be suitably formulated such that it can be introduced into the environment of the cell by a means that allows for a sufficient portion of the molecule to enter the cell to induce degradation of the BRD9 target protein. Accordingly, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound as described herein together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are well known to those skilled in the art and include, but are not limited to, phosphate buffer solutions and / or saline. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers may be aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, and emulsions. Examples of non-aqueous solvents are propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, and injectable organic esters such as ethyl oleate. Aqueous carriers include water, alcoholic / aqueous solutions, emulsions or suspensions, including saline and buffered media. Parenteral vehicles include sodium chloride solution, Ringer's dextrose, dextrose and sodium chloride, lactated Ringer's or fixed oils. Preservatives and other additives may also be present, such as, for example, antimicrobials, antioxidants, chelating agents, inert gases and the like. In embodiments, the aqueous carriers may contain the active compound in admixture with excipients suitable for the manufacture of pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous solution or suspension. Such excipients may be dispersing or wetting agents, in some instances, are a naturally-occurring phosphatide, for example lecithin, or condensation products of an alkylene oxide with fatty acids, for example polyoxyethylene stearate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example heptadecaethyl-eneoxycetanol, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and a hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example polyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The aqueous solutions or suspensions, in some aspects, contain one or more preservatives, for example ethyl, or n-propyl, p-hydroxybenzoate. The phrase ‘pharmaceutically acceptable’ or ‘pharmaceutically acceptable’ refers to molecular entities and compositions that do not produce an allergic or similar untoward reaction when administered to a human. In addition to the aforementioned carrier ingredients the pharmaceutical compositions described above may alternatively or additionally include, an appropriate one or more additional carrier ingredients such as diluents, buffers, flavouring agents, binders, surface active agents, thickeners, lubricants, preservatives (including anti-oxidants) and the like, and substances included for the purpose of rendering the formulation isotonic with the blood of the intended recipient. The pharmaceutical compositions described above may alternatively or additionally include one or more fillers selected from mannitol, sorbitol, maltodextrin, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrate, tribasic calcium phosphate, lactose anhydrous, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, partially pregelled starch or a mixture thereof. The pharmaceutical compositions described above may alternatively or additionally include one or more binders from hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, alginic acid, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, copovidone, methylcellulose, starch or a mixture thereof; The pharmaceutical compositions described above may alternatively or additionally include one or more disintegrants selected from sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, starch or a mixture thereof, The pharmaceutical compositions described above may alternatively or additionally include one or more lubricants, such as magnesium stearate, sodium stearyl fumarate, stearic acid, palmitic acid, calcium stearate, carnuba wax, hydrogenated vegetable oils, mineral oil, polyethylene glycols, and / or talc. The pharmaceutical compositions described above may alternatively or additionally include one or more solubilising agents, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, polysorbate 80, propylene glycol, Solutol HS 15, Lutrol F68, Kollidon 12PF, Brij 35, Brij 68, Gelucire 44 / 14, Gelucire 48 / 16, Pluronic F68, Cyclodextrins, hydroxy beta, Labrasol, Capryol 90, Capmul MCM, Polyethylene glycol 400 & 300, poloxamer 188, caprylic acid, Compritol 888, Labrafil M2125, Labrafil M 1944 CS, Labrafac WL 1349, oleic acid, soyabean oil, hydrogenated castor oil, sesame oil, olive oil, sodium oleate, Vitamin E Polyethylene Glycol Succinate, d-alpha tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate [Vitamin E TPGS], Transcutol HP, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, sodium alginate, gum tragacanth, and / or gum acacia. The pharmaceutical compositions described above may alternatively or additionally include one or more PH adjusters such as citric acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, and / or hydrochloric acid. The pharmaceutical compositions described above may alternatively or additionally include one or more conventional excipients including preservatives, stabilisers, anti-oxidants, silica flow aids, antiadherents or glidants. Other suitable additional excipients which may be used as described in the Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, 9th Edition, American Pharmaceutical Association. Pharmaceutical compositions may be present in any formulation typical for the administration of a pharmaceutical compound to a subject. Representative examples of typical formulations include, but are not limited to, capsules, granules, tablets, powders, lozenges, suppositories, pessaries, nasal sprays, gels, creams, ointments, sterile aqueous preparations, sterile solutions, aerosols, implants etc. In an aspect, the invention disclosed herein provides a formulation comprising the pharmaceutical compound, or combination therapy of the present invention. For example, an aspect of the invention provides capsules, granules, tablets, powders, lozenges, suppositories, pessaries, nasal sprays, gels, creams, ointments, sterile aqueous preparations, sterile solutions, aerosols, implants etc. that comprise the pharmaceutical compound, or combination therapy of the present invention. Suitably, an aspect of the invention provides tablets or capsules that comprise the pharmaceutical compound, or combination therapy of the present invention. In embodiments, the formulations comprise ratios of the two components (a compound of formula (X) and one or more chemotherapeutic agents) as described elsewhere herein. A pharmaceutical composition is formulated to be compatible with its intended route of administration. Examples of routes of administration include parenteral, e.g., intravenous, intradermal, subcutaneous, oral, transdermal, topical, transmucosal, vaginal and rectal administration. The pharmaceutical compositions may include those suitable for oral, parenteral (including subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular and intravenous), topical (including dermal, buccal and sublingual), rectal, nasal and pulmonary administration e.g., by inhalation. The composition may, where appropriate, be conveniently presented in discrete dosage units and may be prepared by any of the methods well known in the art of pharmacy. Methods typically include the step of bringing into association an active compound with liquid carriers or finely divided solid carriers or both and then, if necessary, shaping the product into the desired formulation. Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for oral administration wherein the carrier is a solid are most preferably presented as unit dose formulations such as boluses, capsules or tablets each containing a predetermined amount of active compound. A tablet may be made by compression or moulding, optionally with one or more accessory ingredients. Compressed tablets may be prepared by compressing in a suitable machine an active compound in a free-flowing form such as a powder or granules optionally mixed with a binder, lubricant, inert diluent, lubricating agent, surface-active agent or dispersing agent. Moulded tablets may be made by moulding an active compound with an inert liquid diluent. Tablets may be optionally coated and, if uncoated, may optionally be scored. Capsules may be prepared by filling an active compound, either alone or in admixture with one or more accessory ingredients, into the capsule shells (e.g. a gelatin or HMPC shell) and then sealing them in the usual manner. Cachets are analogous to capsules wherein an active compound together with any accessory ingredient(s) is sealed in a rice paper envelope. The compounds may also be formulated as dispersible granules, which may for example be suspended in water before administration, or sprinkled on food. The granules may be packaged, e.g., in a sachet. Compositions suitable for oral administration wherein the carrier is a liquid may be presented as a solution or a suspension in an aqueous or non-aqueous liquid, or as an oil-in-water liquid emulsion. Compositions for oral administration include controlled release dosage forms, e.g., tablets wherein an active compound is formulated in an appropriate release-controlling matrix, or is coated with a suitable release-controlling film. Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for parenteral administration include sterile solutions or suspensions of an active compound in aqueous or oleaginous vehicles. Injectable preparations may be adapted for bolus injection or continuous infusion. Such preparations are conveniently presented in unit dose or multi-dose containers, which are sealed after introduction of the formulation until required for use. Alternatively, the compound may be in powder form, which is constituted with a suitable vehicle, such as sterile, pyrogen-free water, before use. The pharmaceutical composition may also be formulated as long-acting depot preparations, which may be administered by intramuscular injection or by implantation, e.g., subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Depot preparations may include, for example, suitable polymeric or hydrophobic materials, or ion-exchange resins. Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for topical formulation may be provided for example as gels, creams or ointments. The compounds described herein may be present in the pharmaceutical compositions as a pharmaceutically and / or physiologically acceptable salt, solvate or derivative. Representative examples of pharmaceutically and / or physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds of the disclosure may include, but are not limited to, acid addition salts formed with organic carboxylic acids such as acetic, lactic, tartaric, maleic, citric, pyruvic, oxalic, fumaric, oxaloacetic, isethionic, lactobionic and succinic acids; organic sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic and p-toluenesulfonic acids and inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, phosphoric and sulfamic acids. Pharmaceutically and / or physiologically functional derivatives of compounds of the present invention are derivatives, which may be converted in the body into the parent compound. Such pharmaceutically and / or physiologically functional derivatives may also be referred to as "pro-drugs" or "bioprecursors". Pharmaceutically and / or physiologically functional derivatives of compounds of the present disclosure may include hydrolysable esters or amides, particularly esters, in vivo. It may be convenient or desirable to prepare, purify, and / or handle a corresponding pharmaceutically and / or physiologically acceptable solvate of the compounds described herein, which may be used in the any one of the uses / methods described. The term solvate is used herein to refer to a complex of solute, such as a compound or salt of the compound, and a solvent. If the solvent is water, the solvate may be termed a hydrate, for example a mono-hydrate, di-hydrate, tri-hydrate etc, depending on the number of water molecules present per molecule of substrate. Therapeutic Methods and Uses The compounds of the present disclosure may modulate, facilitate and / or promote proteasomal degradation of a BRD9 target protein. As such, there is provided a method of selectively degrading and / or increasing proteolysis of a BRD9 target protein in a cell, the method comprising contacting and / or treating the cell with a compound as described herein. The method may be carried out in vivo or in vitro. In particular, there is provided a method of selectively degrading and / or increasing proteolysis of a BRD9 target protein in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present disclosure. As such, the compounds of the present disclosure may find application in medicine and / or therapy. Specifically, the compounds of the present disclosure may find use in the treatment and / or prevention of any disease or condition, which is modulated through the BRD9 target protein. For example, the compounds of the present disclosure may be useful in the treatment of any disease, which is modulated through the BRD9 target protein by lowering the level of that protein in the cell, e.g. cell of a subject. There is further provided the use of the compounds as described herein in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and / or prevention of any disease or condition, which is modulated through the BRD9 target protein. Additionally, there is provided the use of a moiety Z (e.g as defined in any one of formulae (I) to (III) in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and / or prevention of any disease or condition, which is modulated through the BRD9 target protein. Diseases and / or conditions that may be treated and / or prevented by the molecules of the disclosure include any disease, which is associated with and / or is caused by an abnormal level of BRD9 protein activity. Such diseases and conditions include those whose pathology is related at least in part to an abnormal (e.g. elevated) level of a BRD9 protein and / or the overexpression of an BRD9 protein. For example, the compounds may find use in the treatment and / or prevention of diseases where an elevated level of a BRD9 protein is observed in a subject suffering from the disease. In other examples, the diseases and / or conditions may be those whose pathology is related at least in part to inappropriate BRD9 protein expression (e.g., expression at the wrong time and / or in the wrong cell), or excessive BRD9 protein expression. Accordingly, there is provided a method of treating and / or preventing a disease or condition, which is associated with and / or is caused by an abnormal level of BRD9 protein activity, which comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of a bifunctional compound as described herein. Representative examples of the diseases and / or conditions that may be treated and / or prevented by the use of the described bifunctional compounds include (but are not limited to) cancer. A recent review article summarises the potential mechanisms of action of BRD9 in carcinogenesis and also describes various strategies for targeting BRD9 for use as cancer treatments (Zhu et al, OncoTargets and Therapy, 2020, Vol.13, pages 13191-13200). Previous studies have shown that BRD9 is essential for the proliferation of SMARCB1-deficient cancer cell lines, suggesting it is a therapeutic target for these cancers. (Xiaofeng Wang et. al., Nature Communications, 2019, 10 (1881)). Recent studies also highlight a role of BRD9 in leukemia growth: BRD9 was shown to be required for the proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells (Nature Chemical Biology, 2016, 101038 / nchembio.2115). In addition to the role of BRD9 as a functional dependency in certain cancers, BRD9 also plays a pivotal role in immune cells as a regulator of regulatory T cells (Tregs) via transcriptional control of Foxp3 target genes, “BioRxiv, 10.1101 / 2020.02.26.964981. Representative examples of cancers that may be treated and / or prevented using the described compounds include, but are not limited to: (i) brain tumours such as for example acoustic neurinoma, astrocytomas such as pilocytic astrocytomas, fibrillary astrocytoma, protoplasmic astrocytoma, gemistocytary astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma, brain lymphomas, brain metastases, hypophyseal tumour such as prolactinoma, HGH (human growth hormone) producing tumour and ACTH producing tumour (adrenocorticotropic hormone), craniopharyngiomas, medulloblastomas, meningeomas and oligodendrogliomas; (ii) nerve tumours (neoplasms) such as for example tumours of the vegetative nervous system such as neuroblastoma sympathicum, ganglioneuroma, paraganglioma (pheochromocytoma, chromaffinoma) and glomus-caroticum tumour, tumours on the peripheral nervous system such as amputation neuroma, neurofibroma, neurinoma (neurilemmoma, Schwannoma) and malignant Schwannoma, as well as tumours of the central nervous system such as brain and bone marrow tumours; (iii) intestinal cancer such as for example carcinoma of the rectum, colon carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, anal carcinoma, carcinoma of the large bowel, tumours of the small intestine and duodenum; (iv) eyelid tumours such as basalioma or basal cell carcinoma; (v) pancreatic cancer or carcinoma of the pancreas; (vi) bladder cancer or carcinoma of the bladder; (vii) lung cancer (bronchial carcinoma) such as for example small-cell bronchial carcinomas (oat cell carcinomas) and non-small cell bronchial carcinomas (NSCLC) such as plate epithelial carcinomas, adenocarcinomas and large-cell bronchial carcinomas; (viii) breast cancer such as for example mammary carcinoma such as infiltrating ductal carcinoma, colloid carcinoma, lobular invasive carcinoma, tubular carcinoma, adenocystic carcinoma and papillary carcinoma; (ix) non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) such as for example Burkitt's lymphoma, low-malignancy non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) and mucosis fungoides; (x) uterine cancer or endometrial carcinoma or corpus carcinoma; (xi) CUP syndrome (Cancer of Unknown Primary); (xii) ovarian cancer or ovarian carcinoma such as mucinous, endometrial or serous cancer; (xiii) gall bladder cancer; (xiv) bile duct cancer such as for example Klatskin tumour; (xv) testicular cancer such as for example seminomas and non-seminomas; (xvi) lymphoma (lymphosarcoma) such as for example malignant lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) such as chronic lymphatic leukaemia, leukaemic reticuloendotheliosis, immunocytoma, plasmocytoma (multiple myeloma (MM)), immunoblastoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, T-zone mycosis fungoides, large-cell anaplastic lymphoblastoma and lymphoblastoma; (xvii) laryngeal cancer such as for example tumours of the vocal cords, supraglottal, glottal and subglottal laryngeal tumours; (xviii) bone cancer such as for example osteochondroma, chondroma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, osteoma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, eosinophilic granuloma, giant cell tumour, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, reticulo- sarcoma, plasmocytoma, fibrous dysplasia, juvenile bone cysts and aneurysmatic bone cysts; (xix) head and neck tumours such as for example tumours of the lips, tongue, floor of the mouth, oral cavity, gums, palate, salivary glands, throat, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, larynx and middle ear; (xx) liver cancer such as for example liver cell carcinoma or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); (xxi) leukaemias, such as for example acute leukaemias such as acute lymphatic / lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML); chronic leukaemias such as chronic lymphatic leukaemia (CLL), chronic myeloid leukaemia (C ML); (xxii) stomach cancer or gastric carcinoma such as for example papillary, tubular and mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, small-cell carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma; (xxiii) melanomas such as for example superficially spreading, nodular, lentigo -maligna and acral-lentiginous melanoma; (xxiv) renal cancer such as for example kidney cell carcinoma or hypernephroma or Grawitz's tumour; (xxv) oesophageal cancer or carcinoma of the oesophagus; (xxvi) penile cancer; (xxvii) prostate cancer; (xxviii) throat cancer or carcinomas of the pharynx such as for example nasopharynx carcinomas, oropharynx carcinomas and hypopharynx carcinomas; (xxix) retinoblastoma such as for example vaginal cancer or vaginal carcinoma; (xxx) plate epithelial carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, in situ carcinomas, malignant melanomas and sarcomas; (xxxi) thyroid carcinomas such as for example papillary, follicular and medullary thyroid carcinoma, as well as anaplastic carcinomas; (xxxii) spinalioma, epidormoid carcinoma and plate epithelial carcinoma of the skin; (xxxiii) thymomas, cancer of the urethra and cancer of the vulva. In specific examples, the cancer is any one selected from the group consisting of hematopoietic malignancies (including but not limited to AML, MM) and solid tumors including but not limited to lung, liver, colon, brain, thyroid, pancreas, breast, ovary and prostate cancer. Other particular examples of cancers that may be treated by a targeted protein degradation of BRD9 may include cancers that harbour SMARCB1 abnormalities, for example SMARCB1-deficient cancers, such as malignant rhabdoid tumors and several specific types of sarcoma, as well as leukemia such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML). As used herein, the term “patient” or “subject” is used to describe an animal, such as a mammal (e.g. a human or a domesticated animal), to whom treatment, including prophylactic treatment, with the compositions according to the present disclosure is provided. For treatment of those infections, conditions or disease states which are specific to a specific animal such as a human patient, the term patient refers to that specific animal, including a domesticated animal such as a dog or cat or a farm animal such as a horse, cow, sheep, etc. In general, in the present invention, the term patient refers to a human patient unless otherwise stated or implied from the context of the use of the term. In embodiments, the compound of formula (X) is a compound of formula (3): Compounds of formula (3) Compounds of formula (3) are disclosed in PCT / EP2024 / 086638, and have the following structure:

[0049] wherein L is a covalent bond or a linker; R1is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl-(C3-C8cycloalkyl), 3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl-(3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl), C6-C10 aryl, C1-C6 alkyl-(C6-C10 aryl), 5- 10 membered heteroaryl, and C1-C6 alkyl-(5-10 membered heteroaryl), wherein each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl(cycloalkyl), heterocycloalkyl, alkyl(heterocycloalkyl), aryl, alkyl(aryl), heteroaryl, and alkyl(heteroaryl) are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR2, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R3)2; each R2is independently selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl and C1-C6 haloalkyl; each R3is independently selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl and C1-C6 haloalkyl; R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are each independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl, wherein each alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR2, C1-C6 alkyl, CN, and N(R3)2; X1is selected from N and CR10; X2is selected from N and CR11; X3is selected from N and CR12; X4is selected from N and CR13; R10, R11, R12, and R13are each independently selected from H, halogen, OR2, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R3)2wherein each alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR2, and N(R3)2; and R14is a ligand that binds to a protein; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein: - if X1is CR10, X2is CR11, X3is CR12and X4is CR13, then at least one of R10, R11, R12, and R13is not H; and - wherein no more than three of X1, X2, X3and X4are N. In the compounds of formula (3), -L-R14may be covalently attached to the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) at any suitable position e.g. provided it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable. For example, R10, R11, R12, or R13may be replaced by -L-R14. For example, R11, R12 or R13may be replaced by -L-R14. For example, R11or R13may be replaced by -L-R14. For example, R10, R11, or R12may be replaced by -L-R14. As described herein, R14is linked or coupled to the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) via L. L may be a chemical linker (e.g. a chemical linker moiety) and, for example, may be a covalent linker, by which is meant that the linker is coupled to the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) and / or R14by a covalent bond. L acts to tether R14and the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) to one another whilst also allowing both of these portions to bind to their respect targets and / or perform their intended function. In particular, L may act to tether R14to the rest of the compound whilst also mitigating the possibility of the rest of the compound disrupting, interfering with and / or inhibiting the binding of R14to the target protein. Additionally or alternatively, L may act to tether the rest of the compound to R14whilst also mitigating the possibility of R14disrupting, interfering with and / or inhibiting the cellular interactions of the rest of the compound (e.g. its function in modulating, facilitating and / or promoting the proteasomal degradation of the target protein). In other words, L may function to facilitate targeted protein degradation by allowing each end of the compounds of formula (3) to be available for binding (or another type of cellular interaction) with various components of the cellular environment. For example, L may be configured to allow R14to bind to the target protein without interference, disruption and / or inhibition from the rest of the compound. Additionally or alternatively, L may be configured to allow the rest of the compound to interact with the various components in the cellular environment to modulate, facilitate and / or promote the proteasomal degradation of the target protein without interference, disruption and / or inhibition from R14. In many cases, a broad range of linkers will be tolerated. The selection of linker may depend upon the protein being targeted for degradation (the target protein) and / or the particular R14. L may be selected to provide a particular length and / or flexibility, e.g. such that R14and the rest of the compound are held within a particular distance and / or geometry. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, the length and / or flexibility of L may be varied dependent upon the structure and / or nature of R14. In some examples, R14is connected directly to the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) by a covalent bond i.e, L is a covalent bond. Such a direct connection is also encompassed within the term “linker” within the context of the present disclosure (and unless otherwise stated). By way of example only, L may comprise any number of atoms between 1 and 200, between 1 and 100, between 1 and 50, between 1 and 30 or between 1 and 10. In some cases L may comprise any number of atoms in a single linear chain of between 1 and 200, between 1 and 100, between 1 and 50, between 1 and 30 or between 1 and 10. In some examples of the disclosure, L may comprise any number of atoms in a single linear chain between 1 and 25, such as 3 and 25, or between 1 and 20, such as 3 and 20, or between 1 and 18, such as 3 and 18. In some examples of the disclosure, L may comprise 1 to 25 or 1 to 18 atoms in a single linear chain. The degree of flexibility of L may depend upon the number of rotatable bonds present in L. A rotatable bond is defined as a single non-ring bond, bound to a nonterminal heavy atom (e.g. non- hydrogen atom). As described herein, an amide (C-N) bond is not considered rotatable because of the high rotational energy barrier. In some cases, L may comprise one or more moieties selected from rings, double bonds and amides to reduce the flexibility of L. In other cases, L may comprise a greater number and / or proportion of single bonds (e.g. may predominantly comprise single non-ring bonds) to increase the flexibility of L. It may also be appreciated that the length of L may affect the degree of flexibility. For example, a shorter L comprising fewer bonds may also reduce the flexibility of L. In some examples, the number of rotatable bonds present in L may be any number between 1 and 20, between 1 and 15, between 1 and 10, or between 1 and 8. In some examples, the number of rotatable bonds present in L may be any number between 2 and 9, between 2 and 8, or between 3 and 6. In some examples, the number of rotatable bonds present in L may be 1 to 10, or 1 to 8. In some examples, L may comprise any number of atoms in a single linear chain between 10 and 20; and / or the number of rotatable bonds present in L may be any number between 1 and 8. The structure of L may be represented as follows: (Lx)qwherein each Lx represents a subunit of L; and q is an integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, q may be any integer between 1 and 30, between 1 and 20 or between 1 and 5. By way of example, in the case where q is 1, L comprises only one Lx subunit and may be represented as L1. In the case where q is 2, L comprises two Lx subunits that are covalently linked to one another and which may be represented as L1- L2. In another example, where q is 3, L comprises three Lx subunits that are covalently linked to one another and may be represented as L1-L2-L3. For even higher integer values of q, L may comprise the following subunits L1, L2, L3, L4 ….up to Lq. Each of Lx may be independently selected from CRL1RL2, O, C=O, S, S=O, SO2, NRL3, SONRL4, SONRL5C=O, CONRL6, NRL7CO, C(RL8)=C(RL9), C≡C, C6-C10aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C3- C8cycloalkyl, 3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalklyl, and heterocycloalkyl are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2; wherein each R15may be independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; and each R16may be independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl. Each of RL1, RL2, RL3, RL4, RL5, RL6, RL7, RL8, and RL9may be independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6, haloalkyl, OH, C1-C6 alkoxy, NH2, NH(C1-C6 alkyl), NO2, CN, CONH2, CONH(C1-C6 alkyl), CON(C1-C6 alkyl)2, SO2(C1-C6 alkyl), CO2(C1-C6 alkyl), and CO(C1-C6 alkyl). In some examples, each of RL1, RL2, RL3, RL4, RL5, RL6, RL7, RL8and RL9may be independently selected from H-C1 to C6 alkyl. The terminal Lx subunits may link or couple L moiety to R14and the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3). For example, if the terminal Lx subunits are designated as L1 and Lq, L1 may link L to R14and Lq may link L to the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3). In those cases where q is 1, the one Lx subunit (e.g. L1) provides the link between R14and the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3). R14and the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) may be covalently linked to L through any group which is appropriate and stable to the chemistry of L. By way of example only, L may be covalently bonded to R14via a carbon-carbon bond, keto, amino, amide, ester or ether linkage. Similarly, L may be covalently bonded to the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) via a carbon-carbon bond, carbon-nitrogen bond, keto, amino, amide, ester or ether linkage. In some cases, each terminal Lx subunit (e.g. L1 and Lq) is independently selected from O, C=O, CRL1RL2, NRL3, CONRL6, NRL7CO, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl and substituted heterocycloalkyl groups. In some examples, at least one of Lx comprises a ring structure and is, for example, selected from a heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl or aryl group. In alternative examples, L may be, or may comprise an alkyl linker comprising, a repeating subunit of -CH2-; where the number of repeats is from 1 to 50, for example, 1-50, 1-40, 1-30, 1-20, 1- 19, 1-18, 1-17, 1-16, 1-15, 1-14, 1-13, 1-12, 1-11, 1-10, 1-9.1-8, 1-7, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3 and 1-2. In other examples, L may be, or may comprise a polyalkylene glycol. By way of example only, L may be, or may comprise a polyethylene glycol (PEG) comprising repeating subunits of ethylene glycol (C2H4O), for example, having from about 1-50 ethylene glycol subunits, for example where the number of repeats is from 1 to 100, for example, 1-50, 1-40, 1-30, 1-20, 1-191-18, 1-17, 1-16, 1-15, 1- 14, 1-13, 1-12 or 1-5 repeats. In some of the examples described herein, the structure of L may be, or may comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1a): L1A-L2A-L3A1A wherein L is absent or is selected from C1-C6 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. - O(CH2)-, -O(CH2)2-, -O(CH2)5-, -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -NRL2A(CH2)-, -RL2A(CH2)2-, - RL2A(CH2)5-, -CH2RL2ACH2-); L2Ais -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A-; and L3Ais selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. -(CH2)O-, -(CH2)2O-, - (CH2)5O-, -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -(CH2)NRL2A-, -(CH2)2NRL2A-, -(CH2)5NRL2A-, - CH2NRL2ACH2-); wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1-C3 alkyl). In further examples, the structure of L may be, or may comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1b): wherein L1Bis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. - O(CH2)-, -O(CH2)2-, -O(CH2)5-, -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -NRL2A(CH2)-, -NRL2A(CH2)2-, - RL2A(CH2)5-, -CH2RL2ACH2-); L2Bis -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A-; L3Bis selected from C1-C15 alkylene, and -[(CH2)2O]1-6(CH2)2-; L4Bis -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A- wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1-C3 alkyl); L5Bis selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. -(CH2)O-, -(CH2)2O-, - (CH2)5O-, -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -(CH2)NRL2A-, -NRL2A(CH2)2-, -(CH2)5NRL2A-, - CH2NRL2ACH2-); wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1-C3 alkyl). In some of the examples described herein, the structure of L may be, or may comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1c): L1CL2CL3CL4Cwherein L1Cis a4- to 7-membered m onocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, a 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or a 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, wherein the monocyclic, bicyclic, and tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2; L2Cis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. -(CH2)O-, - (CH2)2O-, -(CH2)5O-, -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -(CH2)NRL2A-, -(CH2)2NRL2A-, -(CH2)5NRL2A- , -CH2NRL2ACH2-); L3Cis -RL2BC=O- or –(C=O)RL2B-; and L4Cis selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. ethylene), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g. -(CH2)O-, -(CH2)2O-, - (CH2)5O-, -CH2OCH2-) and C1-C6 alkylamino (e.g. -(CH2)NRL2A-, -(CH2)2NRL2A-, -(CH2)5NRL2A-, - CH2NRL2ACH2-); each R15is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; each R16is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1-C3 alkyl); and RL2Bis NRL2A; or an N-linked 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, a 7- to 12- membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, wherein the monocyclic, bicyclic, and tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR17, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R18)2. In examples of L represented by the Formula L1c, L1Cand L2Cmay be both absent. In such examples, RL2Bin L3Cis an N-linked 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2, and L3Cis the terminal subunit of the linker attached, suitably covalently attached, to R14via RL2B. In some of the examples described herein, the structure of L may be, or may comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1d): L1DL2DL3Dwherein L1Dis absent or is selec ted from C1-C3 alkylene, CO, C1-C3 alkylene(N(C1-C3 alkyl); L2Dis NRL2Aor a 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, a 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, wherein the monocyclic, bicyclic, and tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl each optionally contain one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2; each R19is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; each R20is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; and RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. C1-C3 alkyl); and L3Dis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, -O-, -N(C1-C3 alkyl)-, and CO. In further examples, the structure of the linker (L) may be, or may comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1e): 1E wherein L is C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. methylene) or CO; L2Eis a 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or a 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N- heterocycloalkyl, wherein the monocyclic, and bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl each optionally contain one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2; each R15is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; each R16is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; and L3Eis selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. methylene). In some examples, L1A, L1B, L1C, L1D, or L1Eis the terminal subunit of the linker structure attached (i.e. covalently bonded) to the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) and L3A, L5B, L4C, L3D, L3Eis the terminal subunit of the linker structure attached (i.e. covalently bonded) to R14. Where any of L1A, L1Bor L1Dare absent, L2A, L2Bor L2Dis directly attached (i.e. covalently bonded) to the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3). Where L3Dis absent, L2Dis directly attached (i.e. covalently bonded) to R14. As stated above, a number of linker portions, such as L1C, L2D, L2Eexamples of RL2Band, may be bicyclic or tricyclic, and unless otherwise stated, these moieties may comprise rings that are joined by a bond, rings that are fused, a bridged ring and / or rings that are joined at a spiro centre. When any one of L1C, L2D, L2Eexamples of RL2Bis bicyclic, it may be a bridged bicyclic ring (i.e. it may comprise two rings that share three or more atoms) or it may be a spirocyclic bicyclic ring (i.e. it may comprise two rings that share one atom, e.g. the two rings may be joined at a spiro centre). When any one of L1C, L2D, L2Eexamples of RL2Bis a bridged bicyclic ring, it may be a 7- to 12- membered bridged bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2. In some examples, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be a 7- or 8-membered bridged bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be a 7- or 8-membered bridged bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one additional ring atom selected from N. When any one of L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bis a spirocyclic bicyclic ring, it may be a 7- to 12-membered spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2. In some examples, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be a 7- to 12-membered spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some cases, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be bicyclic and comprises a first 5- to 7-membered ring and a second 3- to 7-membered ring. For example, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be a spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl comprising a first 5- or 6-membered ring and a second 3- to 6-membered ring, and optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. In some examples, L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be a spirocyclic bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl comprising a first 5- or 6-membered ring and a second 3- to 6-membered ring, and optionally containing one additional ring heteroatoms selected from N. In some examples, the structure of L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bmay be any one selected from: ; wherein L1Aand L3Aare as defined above; X5is C(Rb)2, NRbor O; Rbis H or optionally substituted C1-3alkyl; n1 is 0, 1, 2 or 3; n’ is 1 or 2; m is 0, 1 or 2 The dotted line on the structures above indicates that the linker may be joined to the structure shown at any position indicated (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). In some examples L1C, L2D, L2E, and examples of RL2Bis any one selected from: ; The dotted line on the structures above indicates that the linker may be joined to the structure shown at any position indicated (provided that it has the correct valency and / or is chemically suitable). As stated above, L1Dis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, –O-, -N(C1-C3 alkyl)-, and CO. In some examples, L3Dis selected from C1-C3 alkylene (e.g. methylene). In some of the examples described herein, L may be, or may comprise, a structure represented as shown in formula (L1f): L1F(L1f) wherein L1Fis selected from C1-C3 alkylene, CO, and C1-C3 alkylene(NRL1C); wherein RL1Cis H or C1-C3 alkyl. In some examples, L1Fis selected from C1-C3 alkylene (such as methylene). In any of the examples described herein, the linker is or comprises one or more of:

[0050] q1 is any integer between 1 and 20, or between 1 and 10 (e.g. between 1 and 5); q2 is any integer between 1 and 20, or between 1 and 10 (e.g.3, 4, 5, 6 or 10); q3 is 1 to 8, such as 1 to 5; and q4 is 1 to 12, such as 1 to 10. In some cases, the structures shown above represent the entirety of L. In other examples, L may comprise a plurality of the structures shown above. In these structures, the wavy lines are shown over the bond(s) that forms the link with R14and the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) . In some examples, the bond(s) that forms the link with R14and / or the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) is (are) attached to a ring structure. On many of the structures described herein, this bond is shown as being attached at a particular position on the ring structure. However, the disclosure also encompasses joining or coupling to the R14and the aromatic moiety of the compound of formula (3) at any chemically suitable position on these ring structures. The present disclosure encompasses the use of any of the linkers disclosed herein in combination with any of the Z moieties and TBL moieties described herein. In some examples, the -L-R14moiety comprises a structure selected from: wavy L rest In some examples, the -L-R14moiety comprises a structure selected from: wavy of formula (3) . In embodiments, R1is selected from C1-C6 alkyl (e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-methylbutan-2-yl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 3-methylbutyl, 1-methylbutyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-hexane, 2-methyl pentane, 3-methyl pentane, 2,2-dimethyl butane, 2,3-dimethyl butane, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl-(C3-C8cycloalkyl), 3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl-(3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl), C6-C10 aryl, C1-C6 alkyl-(C6-C10 aryl), 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and C1-C6 alkyl-(5-10 membered heteroaryl), wherein each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl(cycloalkyl), heterocycloalkyl, alkyl(heterocycloalkyl), aryl, alkyl(aryl), heteroaryl, and alkyl(heteroaryl) are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR2, C1-C6alkyl, and N(R3)2. In embodiments, R1is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, 3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl, C1-C6alkyl(3- 8 membered heterocycloalkyl), and 5-10 membered heteroaryl, wherein each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkyl(heterocycloalkyl), and heteroaryl are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen and C1-C6 alkyl. In embodiments, R1is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, 3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl, 3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkyl(3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl), 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and 5-10 membered heteroaryl substituted with halogen, wherein each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O. In embodiments, R1is selected from the following groups: wavy In embodiments, R1is selected from the following groups: wavy In embodiments, R1is selected from the following groups: wherein the wavy In embodiments, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen and CN (for example methyl substituted with CN). In embodiments, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are each independently selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, and C1 to C6 haloalkyl. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen and CN (for example methyl substituted with CN). In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, and C1 to C6 haloalkyl. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, and C1 to C6 fluoroalkyl. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, and C1 to C6 alkyl. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, methyl, and isopropyl. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, and methyl. In embodiments, R4and R5are both methyl. In embodiments, R4is selected from H, and C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen and CN (for example methyl substituted with CN). In embodiments, R4is selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, and C1 to C6 haloalkyl. In embodiments, R4is selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, and C1 to C6 fluoroalkyl. In embodiments, R4is selected from H, and C1 to C6 alkyl. In embodiments, R4is selected from H, methyl, and isopropyl. In embodiments, R4is selected from methyl and isopropyl. In embodiments, R4is methyl. In embodiments, R4is isopropyl. In embodiments, R5is selected from H, and C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen and CN (for example methyl substituted with CN). In embodiments, R5is selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, and C1 to C6 haloalkyl. In embodiments, R5is selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, and C1 to C6 fluoroalkyl. In embodiments, R5is selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl. In embodiments, R5is selected from H, methyl and isopropyl. In embodiments, R5is H. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, and C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen and CN (for example methyl substituted with CN); and R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, and C1 to C6 haloalkyl; and R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, and C1 to C6 fluoroalkyl; and R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, and C1 to C6 alkyl; and R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, methyl, and isopropyl; and R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments, R4and R5are each independently selected from H, and methyl; and R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments, R4and R5are both methyl; and R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In In embodiments, R4is selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl, and C1 to C6 fluoroalkyl; and R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments, R4is selected from H, and C1to C6alkyl; and R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments, R4is selected from H, methyl, and isopropyl; and R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments, R4is selected from methyl and isopropyl; and R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments, R4is methyl; and R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), at least one and no more than three (e.g. one) of X1, X2, X3and X4is N. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), at least two and not more than three (e.g. two) of X1, X2, X3and X4are N. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), three of X1, X2, X3and X4are N. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10, R11, R12, and R13are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10, R11, R12, and R13are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy. In the compounds of formula (3), no more than two of R10, R11, R12, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), two of R10, R11, R12, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10, R11, R12, and R13are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), one of R10, R11, R12, and R13is replaced by - L-R14. Formula (3) therefore encompasses the compounds of formula (3A), (3B), (3C) and (3D): , , , R11, R12, R13, R14, X1, X2, X3, X4, and L are as defined for the compound of formula (3). In the compound of formula (3A), when X2is CR11, X3is CR12, and X4is CR13, then one of R11, R12and R13is not H. In the compound of formula (3B), when X1is CR10, X3is CR12, and X4is CR13, then one of R10, R12and R13is not H. In the compound of formula (3C), when X1is CR10, X2is CR11, and X4is CR13, then one of R10, R11and R14is not H. In the compound of formula (3D), when X1is CR10, X2is CR11, and X3is CR12, then one of R10, R11and R12is not H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6haloalkyl, C1-C6alkoxy, and C1-C6haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least two of R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein two of R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least one of R11, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R11, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6alkyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R12is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R12is H. In embodiments of the compounds of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14. In embodiments of the compounds of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compounds of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compounds of formula (3), R10and R11are each independently selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R12is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), one of R10, R11, R12, and R13is replaced by - L-R14. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6alkoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least two of R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein two of R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least one of R11, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R11, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is replaced by -L-R14; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R11, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein two of R10, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R12and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is replaced by -L-R14; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R12and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein two of R10, R11, and R13are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is replaced by -L-R14; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R13is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 haloalkoxy; R11is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 alkoxy; R12is selected from H, halogen, and C1-C6 alkyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R12is H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compound of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R12is H. In embodiments of the compounds of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14. In embodiments of the compounds of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compounds of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein two of R10, R11, and R12are H. In embodiments of the compounds of formula (3), R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is replaced by -L-R14; wherein at least one of R10, R11, and R12is H. R14is a ligand or moiety that binds to a protein (a “target protein”). A target protein may be any polypeptide or protein that the skilled practitioner wishes to selectively degrade in a cell or a mammal, e.g., a human or animal subject. In other words, a target protein may be a protein or polypeptide that is selected by the skilled practitioner for increased proteolysis in a cell. The term “selected target protein” may be any polypeptide or protein which has been selected to be targeted for protein degradation and / or increased proteolysis. In some examples of the present disclosure, the term “target protein” does not include androgen receptor. As used herein, “androgen receptor” means a protein with the UniProtKB designation of P10275 (ANDR_HUMAN). In some examples of the present disclosure, the term “target protein” does not include estrogen receptor. As used herein, “estrogen receptor” means a protein with the UniProtKB designation of P03372 (ESR1_HUMAN). In other words, in some examples, the compounds of formula (3) of the present invention may not be intended for use or may not be suitable for use in the targeted degradation of a target protein selected from an: (i) estrogen receptor; and (ii) androgen receptor. According to the disclosure, degradation of a target protein may occur when the target protein is subjected to and / or contacted with a compound of formula (3) as described herein, e.g. when the target protein is subjected to and / or contacted with any one of the compounds of formula (3) in a cell. Selective degradation and / or increased proteolysis of the target protein will reduce levels of the target protein and so can reduce the effects of the target protein in the cell. The control of specific protein levels afforded by the compounds of formula (3) described herein may provide treatment of a disease state or condition, which is modulated through or by the target protein by lowering the level of that protein in the cells of a subject. Target proteins that may be subject to increased proteolysis and / or selective degradation when contacted to the compounds of formula (3) of this disclosure (and the associated methods of using such compounds) include any proteins and polypeptides. Target proteins include proteins and polypeptides having a biological function or activity such as structural, regulatory, hormonal, enzymatic, genetic, immunological, contractile, storage, transportation, and signal transduction functions and activities. By way of example, target proteins may include structural proteins, receptors, enzymes, cell surface proteins, proteins pertinent to the integrated function of a cell, including proteins involved in catalytic activity, epigenetic regulation, aromatase activity, motor activity, helicase activity, metabolic processes (anabolism and catabolism), antioxidant activity, proteolysis, biosynthesis, proteins with kinase activity, oxidoreductase activity, transferase activity, hydrolase activity, lyase activity, isomerase activity, ligase activity, enzyme regulator activity, signal transducer activity, structural molecule activity, binding activity (protein, lipid carbohydrate), receptor activity, cell motility, membrane fusion, cell communication, regulation of biological processes, development, cell differentiation, response to stimulus, behavioural proteins, cell adhesion proteins, proteins involved in cell death, proteins involved in transport (including protein transporter activity, nuclear transport, ion transporter activity, channel transporter activity, carrier activity, permease activity, secretion activity, electron transporter activity, pathogenesis, chaperone regulator activity, nucleic acid binding activity, transcription regulator activity, extracellular organization and biogenesis activity, and translation regulator activity. Target proteins may include proteins from eukaryotes and prokaryotes, including humans, other animals, including domesticated animals, microbes, viruses, fungi and parasites, among numerous other targets for drug therapy. In some examples, target proteins may include, but are not limited to: (i) kinases (such as serine / threonine kinases and receptor tyrosine kinases); (ii) bromodomain-containing proteins (such as BET family proteins); (iii) epigenetic proteins (including histone or DNA methyl transferases, acetyl transferases, deacetylases and demethylases); (iv) transcription factors (including STAT3 and myc); (v) GTPases (including KRAS (including KRAS G12D), NRAS, and HRAS); (vi) phosphatases; (vii) ubiquitin E3 ligases and deubiquitinase enzymes; (viii) nuclear hormone receptors (including, for example, thyroid hormone receptor, androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER), but as stated above, in some examples, the target protein does not include androgen receptor and estrogen receptor); (ix) aggregation-prone proteins (including Beta-amyloid, tau, Htt, alpha-synuclein and polyQ- expanded proteins); (x) apoptotic & anti-apoptotic factors (including Bcl2, Bcl-xl and Mcl-1); and (xi) polymerases (including PARP & POLQ) among numerous others. A target protein may also be selected from targets for human therapeutic drugs. These include proteins which may be used to restore function in numerous diseases, e.g. polygenic diseases, including for example, target proteins selected from B7.1 and B7, TNFR1, TNFR2, NADPH oxidase, BclI / Bax and other partners in the apoptosis pathway, C5a receptor, HMG-CoA reductase, PDE V phosphodiesterase type, PDE IV phosphodiesterase type 4, PDE I, PDEII, PDEIII, squalene cyclase inhibitor, CXCR1, CXCR2, nitric oxide (NO) synthase, cyclo-oxygenase 1, cyclo-oxygenase 2, 5HT receptors, dopamine receptors, G Proteins, i.e., Gq, histamine receptors, 5-lipoxygenase, tryptase serine protease, thymidylate synthase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, GAPDH trypanosomal, glycogen phosphorylase, Carbonic anhydrase, chemokine receptors, JAK STAT, RXR and similar, HIV 1 protease, HIV 1 integrase, influenza, neuraminidase, hepatitis B reverse transcriptase, sodium channel, multi drug resistance (MDR), protein P-glycoprotein (and MRP), serine / threonine kinases, tyrosine kinases, CD23,CD124, tyrosine kinase p56 lck, CD4, CD5, IL-2 receptor, IL-1 receptor, TNF- alphaR, ICAM1, Cat+ channels, VCAM, VLA-4 integrin, selectins, CD40 / CD40L, neurokinins and receptors, inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, p38 MAP Kinase, Ras / Raf / MEK / ERK pathway, interleukin-1 converting enzyme, caspase, HCV, NS3 protease, HCV NS3 RNA helicase, glycinamide ribonucleotide formyl transferase, rhinovirus 3C protease, herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-I), protease, cytomegalovirus (CMV) protease, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, cyclin dependent kinases, vascular endothelial growth factor, oxytocin receptor, microsomal transfer protein inhibitor, bile acid transport inhibitor, 5 alpha reductase inhibitors, angiotensin 11, glycine receptor, noradrenaline reuptake receptor, endothelin receptors, neuropeptide Y and receptor, adenosine receptors, adenosine kinase and AMP deaminase, purinergic receptors (P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4,P2Y6, P2X1-7), farnesyltransferases, geranylgeranyl transferase, TrkA a receptor for NGF, beta-amyloid, tyrosine kinase Flk-IIKDR, vitronectin receptor, integrin receptor, Her-21 neu, telomerase inhibition, cytosolic phospholipaseA2 and EGF receptor tyrosine kinase. Additional protein targets include, for example, ecdysone 20- monooxygenase, ion channel of the GABA gated chloride channel, acetylcholinesterase, voltage- sensitive sodium channel protein, calcium release channel, and chloride channels. Still further target proteins include Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, adenylosuccinate synthetase, SMARCA2; SMARCA4 protoporphyrinogen oxidase, and enolpyruvylshikimate-phosphate synthase. Target proteins may also be haloalkane dehalogenase enzymes. By way of example, compounds of formula (3) according to the disclosure which contain chloroalkane peptide binding moieties (C1-C12 often about C2-C10 alkyl halo groups) may be used to inhibit and / or degrade haloalkane dehalogenase enzymes which are used in fusion proteins or related diagnostic proteins as described in PCT / US2012 / 063401 filed December 6, 2011 and published as WO 2012 / 078559 on June 14, 2012, the contents of which is incorporated by reference herein. R14is a ligand or moiety which binds to a protein, i.e. a target protein, e.g. a selected target protein (i.e. R14is a target protein binding ligand). By way of example, R14may be any moiety, which selectively and / or specifically binds a target protein. R14may be a ligand or moiety which binds to the target protein with sufficient binding affinity such that the target protein is more susceptible to degradation or proteolysis than if unbound by the compound of formula (3). R14may bind to a target protein with a binding affinity of less than or equal to about 10 µM, less than or equal to about 1 µM, less than or equal to about 0.5 µM, or less than or equal to about 0.1 µM. In some examples, the R14may bind to the target protein with a binding affinity of about 0.01 nM to about 10 µM, such as about 0.01 nM to about 8 µM, about 0.01 nM to about 5 µM, about 0.01 nM to about 3 µM. For the avoidance of doubt, binding affinity is a measure of the propensity of an object comprising two components bound together to separate (dissociate) into the two components. As used herein, the binding affinity is the measure of the propensity of the complex formed when the R14binds to the target protein to dissociate into separate components, i.e. the propensity of R14to dissociate from the target protein. The binding between the target protein and R14may comprise one or more binding interactions, such as one or more of the group consisting of hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole bonding, ion-dipole bonding, ion-induced dipole bonding, ionic bonding and covalent bonding. For example, the binding between the target protein and R14may comprise a salt bridge (a combination of hydrogen and ionic bonding). As stated above, in some examples, R14may not be a target protein binding ligand selected from: (i) an estrogen receptor binding ligand; and (ii) an androgen receptor binding ligand. In particular, in some examples, the R14of the present disclosure is: (i) not a ligand that specifically binds to an estrogen receptor; and (ii) not a ligand that specifically binds to an androgen receptor. In some examples, the R14does not bind to an estrogen receptor with a binding affinity of less than or equal to about 10 µM, or less than or equal to about 1 µM. In other words, in some examples, R14does not bind to an estrogen receptor with sufficient binding affinity such that the estrogen receptor is selectively degraded. In particular, if the compounds of formula (3) as described herein were to be contacted with an estrogen receptor, the observed DC50 values (for degradation of the estrogen receptor) would be greater than about 10000 nM, or greater than about 1000 nM. In some examples, R14does not bind to an androgen receptor with a binding affinity of less than or equal to about 10 µM, or less than or equal to about 1 µM. Additionally, in some examples, R14does not bind to an androgen receptor with sufficient binding affinity such that the androgen receptor is selectively degraded. In particular, if the compound of formula (3) as described herein were to be contacted with an androgen receptor, the observed DC50 values (for degradation of the androgen receptor) would be greater than about 10000 nM, or greater than about 1000 nM. R14may comprise or be derived from a small molecule (or analogue or fragment thereof) already known to act as a modulator, promoter and / or inhibitor of protein function (e.g. any small molecule known to bind to the target protein). By way of example, the R14may comprise or be derived from a small molecule that is known to inhibit activity of a given target protein. Non-limiting examples of small molecules that can be comprised in R14described herein include: (i) binders to kinases (including serine / threonine kinases e.g. RAF, receptor tyrosine kinases and other classes), (ii) compounds binding to bromodomain-containing proteins (including BET family and others), (iii) epigenetic modulator compounds (including binders to histone or DNA methyl transferases, acetyl transferases, deacetylases & demethylases and others e.g. histone deacetylase (HDAC), lysine acetyl transferases such as P300 (EP300; adenoviral E1A binding protein of 300 kDa) and CBP (CREBBP; cyclic-AMP response element binding protein)), (iv) binders to transcription factors including STAT3, myc and others, (v) binders to GTPases (including KRAS (including KRAS G12D), NRAS, HRAS and others), (vi) binders of phosphatases, (vii) binders of ubiquitin E3 ligases (e.g. MDM2) and deubiquitinase enzymes; (viii) binders of nuclear hormone receptors (including, for example, thyroid receptor, androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER), although in some examples, as stated above, the target binding ligands do not comprise binders to androgen receptor and estrogen receptor); (ix) binders to aggregation-prone proteins (including Beta-amyloid, tau, Htt, alpha-synuclein and polyQ- expanded proteins); (x) binders to apoptotic & anti-apoptotic factors (including Bcl2, Bcl-xl and Mcl-1), and (xi) binders to polymerases (including PARP & POLQ) among numerous others. For example, R14described herein may be selected from: (i) binders to kinases (including serine / threonine kinases e.g. RAF, receptor tyrosine kinases and other classes); (ii) compounds binding to bromodomain-containing proteins (including BET family and others); (iii) epigenetic modulator compounds (including binders to histone or DNA methyl transferases, acetyl transferases, deacetylases & demethylases and others e.g. histone deacetylase (HDAC), lysine acetyl transferases such as P300 (EP300; adenoviral E1A binding protein of 300 kDa) and CBP (CREBBP; cyclic-AMP response element binding protein)); (iv) binders to transcription factors including STAT3, myc and others; (v) binders of phosphatases; (vi) binders of ubiquitin E3 ligases (e.g. MDM2) and / or deubiquitinase enzymes; (vii) binders of nuclear hormone receptors (including, for example, thyroid receptor, androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER), although in some examples, as stated above, the target binding ligands do not comprise binders to androgen receptor and estrogen receptor); (viii) binders to aggregation-prone proteins (including Beta-amyloid, tau, Htt, alpha-synuclein and polyQ-expanded proteins); (ix) binders to apoptotic & anti-apoptotic factors (including Bcl2, Bcl-xl and Mcl-1), and (x) binders to polymerases (including PARP & POLQ). Other non-limiting examples of small molecules that can be comprised in R14include: (i) Hsp90 inhibitors, (ii) human lysine methyltransferase inhibitors, (iii) angiogenesis inhibitors, (iv) compounds targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), (v) compounds targeting FKBP, (vi) compounds targeting HIV protease, (vii) compounds targeting HIV integrase, (viii) compounds targeting HCV protease, (ix) compounds targeting acyl-protein thioesterase-1 and -2 (APT1 and APT2) among numerous others. In an embodiment, R14refers to a ligand or moiety, which binds BRD9, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, and / or KRAS (including KRAS G12D) e.g. specifically binds BRD9, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, or KRAS (including KRAS G12D), i.e. R14is a BRD9, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, and / or KRAS (including KRAS G12D) binder. R14of a compound of formula (3) according to this embodiment may bind to the BRD9, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, and / or KRAS (including KRAS G12D) target protein with sufficient binding affinity such that the BRD9, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, and / or KRAS (including KRAS G12D) target protein is more susceptible to degradation or proteolysis than if unbound by the compound of formula (3). In an embodiment, R14refers to a ligand or moiety, which binds SMARCA2 e.g. specifically binds SMARCA2, i.e. R14is a SMARCA2 binder. R14of a compound of formula (3) according to this embodiment may bind to the SMARCA2 target protein with sufficient binding affinity such that the SMARCA2 target protein is more susceptible to degradation or proteolysis than if unbound by the compound of formula (3). In an embodiment, R14refers to a ligand or moiety, which binds SMARCA4 e.g. specifically binds SMARCA4, i.e. R14is a SMARCA4 binder. R14of a compound of formula (3) according to this embodiment may bind to the SMARCA4 target protein with sufficient binding affinity such that the SMARCA4 target protein is more susceptible to degradation or proteolysis than if unbound by the compound of formula (3). In an embodiment, R14refers to a ligand or moiety, which binds SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 i.e. R14is a SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 binder. R14of a compound of formula (3) according to this embodiment may bind to the SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 target proteins with sufficient binding affinity such that the SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 target proteins are more susceptible to degradation or proteolysis than if unbound by the compound of formula (3). In an embodiment, R14refers to a ligand or moiety, which binds KRAS (including KRAS G12D) e.g. specifically binds KRAS (including KRAS G12D), i.e. R14is a KRAS (including KRAS G12D) binder. R14of a compound of formula (3) according to this embodiment may bind to the KRAS (including KRAS G12D) target protein with sufficient binding affinity such that the KRAS (including KRAS G12D) target protein is more susceptible to degradation or proteolysis than if unbound by the compound of formula (3). In an embodiment, R14refers to a ligand or moiety, which binds BRD9, e.g. specifically binds BRD9, i.e. R14is a BRD9 binder. R14of a compound of formula (3) according to this embodiment may bind to the BRD9 target protein with sufficient binding affinity such that the BRD9 target protein is more susceptible to degradation or proteolysis than if unbound by the compound of formula (3). R14may comprise or be derived from a small molecule (or analogue or fragment thereof) already known to act as a modulator, promoter and / or inhibitor of BRD9 protein function. By way of example, R14may comprise or be derived from a small molecule that is known to inhibit activity of BRD9 target protein. By way of example, R14of the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment may bind to BRD9 with sufficient binding affinity such that BRD9 is selectively degraded. In particular, if the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment were to be contacted with BRD9, the observed DC50 values (for degradation of BRD9) may be less than or equal to about 15 µM, less than or equal to about 10 µM, less than or equal to 1000 nM, less than or equal to 500 nM, less than or equal to 100 nM, or less than or equal to 25 nM, less than or equal to 10 nM, less than or equal to 5 nM, less than or equal to 1.25 nM, less than or equal to 1 nM, or less than or equal to 0.5 nM. By way of further example, R14of the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment may may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of less than or equal to about 10 µM, less than or equal to about 5 µM, or less than or equal to about 3 µM. In some examples, R14of the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of less than or equal to 1000 nM, less than or equal to 500 nM, less than or equal to 100 nM, less than or equal to 50 nM, or less than or equal to 20 nM. In some examples, the R14of the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of about 0.001 nM to about 10 µM, such as about 0.001 nM to about 8 µM, about 0.001 nM to about 5 µM, about 0.001 nM to about 3 µM or about 0.001 nM to about 2.7 µM. In some examples, the R14of the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of about 0.01 nM to about 10 µM, such as about 0.01 nM to about 8 µM, about 0.01 nM to about 5 µM, about 0.01 nM to about 3 µM or about 0.01 nM to about 2.7 µM. In some examples, R14of the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of about 0.1 nM to about 10 µM, such as about 0.1 nM to about 8 µM, about 0.1 nM to about 5 µM, about 0.1 nM to about 3 µM or about 0.1 nM to about 2.7 µM. In some examples, R14of the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment may bind to BRD9 with a dissociation constant of about 1 nM to about 10 µM, such as about 1 nM to about 8 µM, about 1 nM to about 5 µM, about 1 nM to about 3 µM or about 1 nM to about 2.7 µM. For the avoidance of doubt, the dissociation constant is a measure of the propensity of an object comprising two components bound together to separate (dissociate) into the two components. As used herein, the dissociation constant is the measure of the propensity of the complex formed when R14binds to the target protein to dissociate into separate components, i.e. the propensity of R14to dissociate from the target protein. The binding between the BRD9 protein and R14may comprise one or more binding interactions, such as one or more of the group consisting of hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole bonding, ion-dipole bonding, ion-induced dipole bonding, ionic bonding and covalent bonding. For example, the binding between the BRD9 protein and R14may comprise a salt bridge (a combination of hydrogen and ionic bonding). In some examples, the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment may be selective degraders of BRD9 proteins, for example the compounds of formula (3) may selectively degrade BRD9 over other proteins, such as other BRD proteins (e.g. BRD7 or BRD4). In more specific examples, the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment may be selective degraders of certain types of BRD9 protein. By way of example, the compounds of formula (3) of this embodiment may have a greater binding affinity for certain BRD9 mutants than for other types of protein, such as other types of BRD9 protein (e.g. wild type BRD9). Representative examples of BRD9 targeting agents have been developed over the years, including those described in: WO 2014 / 114721, WO 2016 / 077375, WO 2016 / 077378, WO 2016 / 139361, WO 2019 / 152440, a paper by Martin L. J. et. Al., (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2016, 59, 4462-4475) titled “Structure-Based Design of an in Vivo Active Selective BRD9 Inhibitor”; a paper by Theodoulou N. H. et. Al., (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2015, 59, 1425-1439) titled “Discovery of I-BRD9, a selective Cell Active Chemical Probe for Bromodomain Containing Protein 9 Inhibition”; and a paper by Clack P. et. Al., (Angewandte Chemie, 2015, 127, 6315-6319). Such BRD9 binding molecules (as referenced in the paragraph above) can be incorporated into the compound (3) of this embodiment as R14. In some examples, R14is of formula 1a: wherein: Z1is N or CRA; Z2is N or CRB; Z3is N or CRD; Z4is N or CRE; wherein no more than 3 of Z1, Z2, Z3and Z4are N; RAand REare each independently selected from the group consisting of -H, -O-C1-3alkyl and – C1-3alkyl; RBand RDare each independently selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, -OH, halogen, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3haloalkyl, -C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, -C1- 3alkyl-SO2-C1-3alkyl, -C1-3alkyl-NH2, -C1-3alkyl-N(-C1-3alkyl)2, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -NH-RF, for example wherein the heterocycloalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; RFis selected from -SO2-C1-3alkyl and –C1-3alkyl, wherein the –C1-3alkyl is optionally substituted with a 5 to 6 membered heteroaryl; alternatively, RAand RBtaken together form a benzene ring; alternatively, RCand Z2or RCand Z3taken together (e.g. RCand RBor RCand RDtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined) form a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl, for example wherein the heterocycloalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; RCis selected from the group consisting of -H, -Y-RG, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl and 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, for example wherein the heterocycloalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; Y is absent or is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, -SO2- and -CO-; RHand RIare each independently selected from -H or –C1-3alkyl; or RHand RItaken together form a –C3-4cycloalkyl, RGis selected from the group consisting of -NH2, -OH, -C1-3alkyl, -N(RJRK), -O-RL, aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, wherein the aryl and heteroaryl are optionally and independently substituted with one or more halogen, optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocylic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl are optionally substituted with any suitable substituent, such as one or more groups independently selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -NHC1-3alkyl, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -O-C1-3alkyl and -CH2-RM1; RM1is selected from 5-10 membered mono- or bicyclic aryl or heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted with -NH2, -OH, halogen, -CN, C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3alkyl; RJis -H or –C1-3alkyl; RKis selected from the group consisting of –C1-3alkyl, -C2-3alkyl-N(C1-3alkyl)2, -C2-3alkyl-NHC1- 3alkyl, optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl are optionally substituted with any suitable substituent, such as –C1-3alkyl (e.g. wherein RKis selected from the group consisting of C1-3 alkyl, C2-3alkyl-N(C1-3alkyl)2, C2-3alkyl-NHC1-3alkyl, 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, wherein each monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and is optionally substituted with C1-3alkyl); RLis –C1-3alkyl or a 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with C1-3alkyl; wherein when RCis Y-RG, RBand RDare each independently selected from -H, -OH, halogen, -NH2, -CN, -C1-3alkyl, -C1-3haloalkyl, -O-C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3haloalkyl and –C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl; wherein at least one of the substituents RAto REis not hydrogen; and A2is selected from formulae 1b or 1c: , wherein the wavy lines intersect the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE; RMis selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10cycloalkyl, C2-6alkynyl and H, for example wherein the heteroalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, heteroalkyl and cycloalkyl are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl; Z5is N or CRO; Z6is N or CRP; Z7is N or CRN; wherein only one of Z5, Z6and Z7is N; Z8is CRWor N; RNis selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally substituted -C1-6alkyl, -H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, -NH2, optionally substituted amino, –OH, cyano, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10 cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl and thiol (e.g. halogen, -C1-6alkyl, -H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, -NH2, -OH, cyano, C1- 6heteroalkyl, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C2-9heterocycloalkyl, C6-10aryl, C2-9heteroaryl, C2-6alkenyl, C2- 6heteroalkenyl and thiol, wherein each heteroalkyl and heteroalkenyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and the alkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl and heteroalkenyl are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl); ROis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, cyano, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C2– 9heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, hydroxy, thiol and optionally substituted amino (e.g. H, halogen, cyano, C1-6alkyl, C1-6heteroalkyl, C3-10cycloalkyl, C2–9heterocycloalkyl, C6-10aryl, C2-9heteroaryl, C2-6alkenyl, C2-6heteroalkenyl, hydroxy, and thiol, wherein each heteroalkyl and heteroalkenyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and the alkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl and heteroalkenyl are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl); RPis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10cycloalkyl and optionally substituted C6-10aryl (wherein RPis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 heteroalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, C3-10 cycloalkyl and C6-10 aryl, wherein the alkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl); alternatively, RNand Z5taken together, combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene; optionally wherein RNand ROtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined, combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene (e.g. wherein RNand Z5taken together combine to form a C6-10arene or C2–9heteroarene, wherein the heteroarene comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and the arene or heteroarene are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl; optionally wherein RNand ROtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined, combine to form a C6-10arene or C2–9heteroarene, wherein the heteroarene comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and the arene or heteroarene are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl); RSis selected from the group consisting of H, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl and optionally substituted C3-10cycloalkyl; RTis selected from the group consisting of H, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C2- 9heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, optionally substituted sulfone and optionally substituted sulfonamide, or RTand RUtogether with the atoms to which each is attached, form an optionally substituted C2-9heterocycloalkyl; RUand RVare each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, hydroxyl, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3- 10cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, thiol, optionally substituted sulfone and optionally substituted amino; alternatively, RTand RUtogether with the atoms to which each is attached, form an optionally substituted C2-9heterocycloalkyl; RWis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C2- 9heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl and optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl; and wherein R14is attached to the linker at any suitable position. In some examples of formula 1a above, the RCgroup may be H and the linker may be attached at this position. In other words, the linker (L) may replace the RCgroup. Such examples may be designated as formula 1a’’. In some embodiments, no more than 1 of Z1, Z2, Z3and Z4of formula 1a is N. Sometimes, Z1is CRA, Z2is CRB, Z3is N or CRDand Z4is CRE, i.e. only Z3may be N. In embodiments, R14may be of formula 1a’: wherein: RA, RB, RC, RE, Z3and A2are as defined above and herein. A2is selected from formulae 1b or 1c: , wherein the wavy lines intersect the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE, and Z5, Z6, Z7, Z8, RM, RS, RT, RUand RVare as defined above and herein. Z7is N or CRNand Z5is N or CRO. In some examples, RN(with the carbon to which it is bonded) and Z5taken together, may combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene. For the avoidance of doubt, where Z5is N and RN(with the carbon to which it is bonded) and Z5taken together combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene, RN(with the carbon to which it is bonded) and Z5taken together combine to form an optionally substituted N-C2–4heteroarene. For example, where Z5is N, RNand N may combine to form an optionally substituted N-C2–4heteroaryl, as shown below: , wherein the wavy lines intersect the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE, Z6and RMare as defined above, and where 1B is an optionally substituted N-C2– 4heteroarene, such as an optionally substituted 5 membered heteroarene e.g. any one selected from the optionally substituted group consisting of pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole and triazole (including 1,2,3 and 1,2,4-triazoles). In some examples, where Z5is CROand Z7is CRN, RNand ROtaken together with the carbons to which they are bonded, may combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene, as shown below: wherein the wavy lines interse ct the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE, Z6and RMare as defined above, and where, as stated above, ring 1C is an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene. For example, ring 1C may be an optionally substituted benzene or 5-6 membered heteroarene, such as any one selected from the optionally substituted group consisting of benzene, pyridine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrimidine, thiophene and pyrazole. In some embodiments, RN(taken with the carbon atoms to which it is joined) and Z5taken together may form a benzene ring or a 5-6 membered heteroarene ring (e.g. ring 1C may be a benzene ring or a 5-6 membered heteroarene), each of which rings can be optionally and independently substituted with one or more groups selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -NH-C1-3alkyl and –C1-5alkyl, C1-5haloalkyl, C1-5alkoxy, C1-4haloalkoxy, 1d, C3-5azacycloalkyl, C2-5alkenyl, C2-5alkynyl, C3-5cycloalkyl, wherein the –C1-5alkyl group can be optionally substituted with 5-6 membered heteroaryl or phenyl; wherein 1d is: , wherein Y2is NRRor O; Y1is S(O)a or NRR; each RRis independently H or C1-4alkyl; each RQis independently selected from the group consisting of C1-4alkyl, C1-4haloalkyl, halogen and –C(O)C1-3alkyl; a is 0 to 2; and r is 0 to 3. In some embodiments, Z7is CRN, i.e. A2is selected from formula 1b’: , wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE, and Z5, Z6, RMand RNare as defined above and herein. As stated previously, RMmay be selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted C1- 6alkyl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3- 10cycloalkyl, C2-6alkynyl and H. In some embodiments, RMmay be selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C3-6cycloalkyl and H. For example, RMmay be selected from the group consisting of C1-6alkyl, C3-6cycloalkyl, C1-6haloalkyl and H. In some embodiments, RMis selected from the group consisting of –C1-5alkyl, -cyclopropyl, -C1-4haloalkyl and H, such as C1-5alkyl. In some embodiments, RMis C1-3alkyl. As stated previously, RNmay be selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally...

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A combination comprising at least one chemotherapeutic agent and a compound offormula (X), wherein the compound of formula (X) comprises a general structure of: TBL – L – Z wherein TBL is a target protein binding ligand; L is a linker; and Z comprises a structure according to formula (I):wherein R1is selected from C1 to C6 alkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S and / or is substituted with a carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; A is absent or is CR2R2’; B is selected from aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl and substituted heteroaryl; R2and R2’are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O or S, or wherein R2and R2’together form a 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R3is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, substituted alkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkyl heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkylheterocycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl aryl, substituted alkylaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkyl heteroaryl, substituted alkylheteroaryl, optionally wherein the C1-C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from halo, N, O and S; R4is H, C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl is substituted with one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O or S; or wherein R1and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7 –membered heterocyclic ring; or wherein when A is CR2R2’: R1and R2together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring; or R2and R4together form a 5-, 6-, or 7- membered heterocyclic or carbocyclic ring; wherein L shows the point of attachment of the linker; andwherein TBL is attached to the linker at any suitable position.

2. The combination of claim 1, wherein the compound is not:

3. The combination of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein TBL is a target protein binding ligandthat binds BRD9; and wherein the BRD9 binder (TBL) is of formula 1a:Z1is N or CRA; Z2is N or CRB; Z3is N or CRD; Z4is N or CRE; wherein no more than 3 of Z1, Z2, Z3and Z4are N; RAand REare each independently selected from the group consisting of -H, -O-C1-3alkyl and – C1-3alkyl; RBand RDare each independently selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, -OH, halogen, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3haloalkyl, -C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, -C1- 3alkyl-SO2-C1-3alkyl, -C1-3alkyl-NH2, -C1-3alkyl-N(-C1-3alkyl)2, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -NH-RF; RFis selected from -SO2-C1-3alkyl and –C1-3alkyl, wherein the –C1-3alkyl is optionally substituted with a 5 to 6 membered heteroaryl; alternatively, RAand RBtaken together form a benzene ring; alternatively, RCand Z2or RCand Z3taken together form a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl;RCis selected from the group consisting of -H, -Y-RG, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl and 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl; Y is absent or is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, -SO2- and -CO-; RHand RIare each independently selected from -H or –C1-3alkyl; or RHand RItaken together form a –C3-4cycloalkyl, RGis selected from the group consisting of -NH2, -OH, -C1-3alkyl, -N(RJRK), -O-RL, aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, wherein the aryl and heteroaryl are optionally and independently substituted with one or more halogen, optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -NHC1-3alkyl, -N(C1-3alkyl)2, -O-C1-3alkyl and -CH2-RM1; RM1is selected from 5-10 membered mono- or bicyclic aryl or heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted with -NH2, -OH, halogen, -CN, C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3alkyl; RJis -H or –C1-3alkyl; RKis selected from the group consisting of –C1-3alkyl, -C2-3alkyl-N(C1-3alkyl)2, -C2-3alkyl-NHC1- 3alkyl, optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl is optionallysubstituted with –C1-3alkyl; RLis –C1-3alkyl or a 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with C1-3alkyl; wherein when RCis Y-RG, RBand RDare each independently selected from -H, -OH, halogen, -NH2, -CN, -C1-3alkyl, -C1-3haloalkyl, -O-C1-3alkyl, -O-C1-3haloalkyl and –C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl; wherein at least one of the substituents RAto REis not hydrogen; and A2is selected from formulae 1b or 1c:, wherein the wavy lines intersect the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE; RMis selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, C2-6alkynyl and H; Z5is N or CRO; Z6is N or CRP; Z7is N or CRN; wherein only one of Z5, Z6and Z7is N; Z8is CRWor N; RNis selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally substituted -C1-6alkyl, -H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, -NH2, optionally substituted amino, –OH, cyano, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl,optionally substituted C3-10 carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6- 10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2- 6heteroalkenyl and thiol; ROis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, cyano, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2– 9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, hydroxy, thiol and optionally substituted amino; RPis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl and optionally substituted C6-10aryl; alternatively, RNand Z5taken together, combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene; optionally wherein RNand ROtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined, combine to form an optionally substituted C6-10arene or optionally substituted C2–9heteroarene; RSis selected from the group consisting of H, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl and optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl; RTis selected from the group consisting of H, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2- 9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, optionally substituted sulfone and optionally substituted sulfonamide, or RTand RUtogether with the atoms to which each is attached, form an optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl; RUand RVare each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, hydroxyl, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3- 10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl, optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl, optionally substituted C2-6alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-6heteroalkenyl, thiol, optionally substituted sulfone and optionally substituted amino; alternatively, RTand RUtogether with the atoms to which each is attached, form an optionally substituted C2-9heterocyclyl; RWis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C1-6heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C3-10carbocyclyl, optionally substituted C2- 9heterocyclyl, optionally substituted C6-10aryl and optionally substituted C2-9heteroaryl.

4. The combination of claim 3, wherein the compound is not:

5. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein up to 1 of Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 is N.

6. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the BRD9 binder is of formula 1a’:RA, RB, RC, RE, Z3and A2are as defined in claim 1 or 2.

7. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein A2 is selected from formula 1b’, whereinformula 1b’ is:, wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between A2and the carbon atom positioned ortho to RAand RE; RMis selected from the group consisting of –C1-5alkyl, -cyclopropyl, -C1-4haloalkyl and H; RNis selected from the group consisting of halogen, -C1-5alkyl, -C1-3haloalkyl, -H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, -NH2, -NHC1-3alkyl and –OH; Z5is N or CROZ6is N or CRPwherein only one of Z5and Z6may be N; ROis H or –C1-3alkyl; RPis H or –C1-3alkyl; wherein only one of ROand RPmay be –C1-3alkyl; alternatively, RNand Z5taken together form a benzene ring or a 5-6 membered heteroarene ring, each of which rings can be optionally and independently substituted with one or more groups selected from halogen, -OH, -NH2, -NH-C1-3alkyl and –C1-5alkyl, C1-5haloalkyl, C1-5alkoxy, C1- 4haloalkoxy, 1d, C3-5azacycloalkyl, C2-5alkenyl, C2-5alkynyl, C3-5cycloalkyl, wherein the –C1-5alkyl group can be optionally substituted with 5-6 membered heteroaryl or phenyl;Y2is NRRor O; Y1is S(O)a or NRR; each RRis independently H or C1-4alkyl; each RQis independently selected from the group consisting of C1-4alkyl, C1-4haloalkyl, halogen and –C(O)C1-3alkyl; a is 0 to 2; and r is 0 to 3.

8. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the BRD9 binder is of formula 1e, 1f or1g:wherein wavy BRD9 wherein RA, RB, RC, RE, RM, RN, Z3, Z5and Z6are as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4; wherein RC’is absent, or is as defined for RCin any one of claims 1 to 4; ring 1A is a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkane optionally substituted with –C1-3alkyl; and ring 1D is an optionally substituted C6-10aryl or optionally substituted C2–9heteroaryl.

9. The combination of claim 8, wherein ring 1A:(i) comprises one or two heteroatoms independently selected from the list consisting of N, Sand O; or (ii) is selected from the list consisting of pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine,oxolane, oxane, tetrahydrothiophene and thiane.

10. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the BRD9 binder is of formula 1e, 1f’or 1g’:wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between the BRD9 binder and the linker; and wherein RA, RB, RC, RE, RM, RN, Z3, Z5and Z6are as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4.

11. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 410, wherein RA, RB, RC, RDand REare independently selected from -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, halogen, -O-C1-3haloalkyl, -OH, -NH2, -C1-3alkyl, -C1-3alkyl- NH2, -C1-3alkyl-N(-C1-3alkyl)2 and -N(C1-3alkyl)2.

12. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein:(i) at least two of RA, RB, RD and RE are –H; and / or(ii) at least one of RA, RB, RD and RE is selected from the group consisting of -O-C1-3alkyl, -H,halogen and -O-C1-3haloalkyl.

13. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein RM is –C1-5alkyl.

14. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein RN is -C1-5alkyl or halogen, or RN andZ5taken together form an optionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroarene or benzene ring, optionally wherein: (i) the optionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroarene ring comprises one or moreheteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; (ii) the optionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroarene ring is an N- or S-heteroarene; or(iii) the optionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroarene ring is any one selected from theoptionally substituted group consisting of pyridine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrimidine, thiophene and pyrazole.

15. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the BRD9 binder is any one offormulae 1ea to 1eh and 1fa to 1fi and 1ga:wavy ijĸ9RA, RB, RE, RM, Z3and Z6are as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14; RCis absent, or is as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14; RNis selected from the group consisting of halogen, -C1-5alkyl, -C1-3haloalkyl, -H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, -NH2, -NHC1-3alkyl and –OH; ROis H or –C1-3alkyl; each RXis independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -OH, -NH2, -NH-C1- 3alkyl –C1-5alkyl, C1-5haloalkyl, C1-5alkoxy and C1-4haloalkoxy; n is 0 to 3; ois 0 to 2;p is 0 or 1; and q is 0 to 4.

16. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the BRD9 binder is according toformula 1ea’:wherein the wavy line intersects BRD9 binder and the linker; RAand REare each independently selected from H and -O-C1-3alkyl; RBand RDare each independently selected from -O-C1-3alkyl, -H, - halo, -C1-3alkyl, and -O-C1- 3haloalkyl; RCis absent, or is –Y-RG; Y is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, and -CO-; RHand RIare each independently selected from -H or –C1-3alkyl; or RHand RItaken together form a –C3-4cycloalkyl; RGis selected from the group consisting of –N(RJRK),-, -N(C1-3alkyl)(optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene), or -N(C1-3alkyl)(optionally substituted 7- to 12- membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene)); -O-; optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene; and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered heterocycloalkylene; RJand RKare as defined in claim 1; RMis C1-3alkyl; and RN, ROand RPare each independently selected from the group consisting of halo, -C1-3alkyl, and -C1-3haloalkyl.

17. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the BRD9 binder is any one offormulae 1h to 1z and 2a to 2g:5wherein RCis absent, or is –Y-RG; Y is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, and -CO-; RHand RIare each -H; or RHand RItaken together form a –C3-4cycloalkyl; RGis selected from the group consisting of –N(RJRK), N(C1-3alkyl)(optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene), or -N(C1-3alkyl)(optionally substituted 7- to 12- membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene)); -O-; optionally substituted 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene containing one or two N ring atoms; and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene containing one or two N ring atoms; RJand RKare as defined in claim 1; wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between the BRD9 binder and the linker.

18. A combination of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein RC is present and is any oneselected from:;wherein Y is CRHRI; RG1and RG2are each independently selected from H and C1-C3 alkyl; RJis as defined in claim 1; and L shows the point of attachment of the linker.

19. A combination of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein:(i) when R1 and R4 together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring, Z is represented byformula (Ia):are as (I); and n is 1, 2 or 3; W is selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3and S; RW1, RW2and RW3are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl; and wherein when n is 2 or 3, each W is independently selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3, and S; (ii) when R1 and R2 together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring, Z is representedas formula (Ib):Wherein B, R2’, R3, R4and L are as defined for formula (I); m is 3, 4 or 5; each T is independently selected from CRT1RT2, O, NRT3and S; and RT1, RT2and RT3are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl; or(iii) when R2 and R4 together form a 5-, 6-, or 7- membered heterocyclic or carbocyclic ring, Zis represented as formula (Ic):B, R1, R2’, R3L are as (I); p is 2, 3 or 4; and each U is independently selected from CRU1RU2, O, NRU3and S; and RU1, RU2and RU3are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl.

20. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein R3 is selected from the groupconsisting of a heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, ,C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloheteroalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl substituted with a heterocyclic group, aryl, and substituted aryl, optionally wherein R3is selected from:wherein the dotted line indicates the position at which each of the respective R3groups is joined to the structure shown in formula (I) to (Ic), or wherein when the dotted line is not appended to an atom, the dotted line indicates that each of the respective R3groups is joined to the structure via any position on the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring; each R5is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, CH2OH, CF3, -CH2F, - CHF2, OCF3, -OCH2F, -OCHF2, C1 to C6 alkyl, -CN, -OH, -OMe, -SMe, -SOMe, -SO2Me, -NH2, -NHMe, -NMe2, CO2Me, -NO2, CHO and COMe; n is 0 to 3; R6is C1 to C6 alkyl; G is CH2, O and NH; and Q is C1 to C6 alkylene.

21. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein A is CR2R2’, optionally wherein:(i) one of R2 and R2’ is a hydrogen and the other is C1 to C6 alkyl, optionally wherein the C1 to C6 alkyl issubstituted with one or more halo atoms; or (ii) both of R2and R2’are selected from C1 to C6 alkyl.

22. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein Z is represented as formula(IIaa):wherein A, R3, and L are as defined for formula (I); n is 1, 2 or 3; and W is selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3and S; and RW1, RW2and RW3are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl; and wherein when n is 2 or 3, each W is independently selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3, and S; optionally wherein: (i) Z is represented as formula (IIa):wherein R2, R2’, R3and L are as defined in any one of the preceding claims, n is 1, 2 or 3; and W is selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3and S; and RW1, RW2and RW3are each independently selected from H and C1 to C6 alkyl; and wherein when n is 2 or 3, each W is independently selected from CRW1RW2, O, NRW3, and S.

23. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the linker comprises 1 to 25 or1 to 18 atoms in a single linear chain.

24. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein linker comprises 1 to 10 or 1 to8 rotatable bonds.

25. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the linker (L) is a covalent bondor the structure of the linker (L) is:(Lx)q wherein each Lx represents a subunit of L that is independently selected from CRL1RL2, O, C=O, S, SO, SO2, NRL3, SONRL4, SONRL5C=O, CONRL6, NRL7CO, C(RL8)=C(RL9), C≡C, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, substituted carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl and substituted heterocyclyl groups; wherein RL1, RL2, RL3, RL4, RL5, RL6, RL7, RL8and RL9are each independently selected from H, halo, C1 to C6 alkyl, C1 to C6, haloalkyl, -OH, -O(C1 to C6 alkyl), -NH2, -NH(C1 to C6 alkyl), -NO2, -CN, - CONH2, -CONH(C1 to C6 alkyl), -CON(C1 to C6 alkyl)2, –SO2(C1 to C6 alkyl), -CO2(C1 to C6 alkyl), and - CO(C1 to C6 alkyl); and q is an integer between 1 and 30.

26. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein the linker (L) may be representedas shown in formula (L1a):or C1-C6 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 alkylamino; L2Ais -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A-; and L3Ais selected from C1-C3 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 alkylamino; wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl); or, the structure of the linker (L) may be represented as shown in formula (L1b):or C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 alkylamino; L2Bis -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A-; L3Bis selected from C1-C15 alkylene, -[(CH2)2O]1-6(CH2)2-; L4Bis -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A- wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl; L5Bis selected from C1-C3 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 alkylamino; wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl); or, the structure of the linker (L) may be represented as shown in formula (L1c):an membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; L2Cis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 alkylamino; L3Cis -RL2BC=O- or –(C=O)RL2B-; and L4Cis selected from C1-C3 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 alkylamino;wherein: RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl; and RL2Bis NRL2A; or an N-linked optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N- heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; or, the structure of the linker (L) may be represented as shown in formula (L1d):wherein L1Dis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, CO, C1-C3 alkylene(N(C1-C3 alkyl); L2Dis NRL2Aor an optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; wherein RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl; and L3Dis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, –O-, -N(C1-C3 alkyl)-, and CO; or, the structure of the linker (L) may be represented as shown in formula (L1e):or L2Eis an optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, an optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; and L3Eis selected from C1-C3 alkylene; or, the linker (L) may be represented as shown in formula (L1f): L1F(L1f) wherein L1Fis selected from C1-C3 alkylene, CO, and C1-C3 alkylene(NRL1C); wherein RL1Cis H or C1-C3alkyl.

27. The combination of claim 1, wherein the compound comprising the general formula TBL – L – Z is a compound of formula (3)wherein L is a covalent bond or a linker; R1is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl-(C3-C8cycloalkyl), 3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl-(3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl), C6-C10 aryl, C1-C6 alkyl-(C6-C10 aryl), 5- 10 membered heteroaryl, and C1-C6 alkyl-(5-10 membered heteroaryl), wherein each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl(cycloalkyl), heterocycloalkyl, alkyl(heterocycloalkyl), aryl, alkyl(aryl), heteroaryl, and alkyl(heteroaryl) are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR2, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R3)2; each R2is independently selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl and C1-C6 haloalkyl; each R3is independently selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl and C1-C6 haloalkyl; R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are each independently selected from H and C1-C6alkyl, wherein each alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR2, C1-C6 alkyl, CN, and N(R3)2; X1is selected from N and CR10; X2is selected from N and CR11; X3is selected from N and CR12; X4is selected from N and CR13; R10, R11, R12, and R13are each independently selected from H, halogen, OR2, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R3)2 wherein each alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR2, and N(R3)2; and R14is a ligand that binds to a protein; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein: -if X1 is CR10, X2 is CR11, X3 is CR12 and X4 is CR13, then at least one of R10, R11, R12, andR13is not H; and -no more than three of X1, X2, X3 and X4 are N.

28. The combination of claim 27, wherein R1 is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, 3-8 memberedheterocycloalkyl, C1-C6alkyl(3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl), and 5-10 membered heteroaryl, wherein each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the groupconsisting of N, S and O, and wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkyl(heterocycloalkyl), and heteroaryl are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen and C1-C6 alkyl.

29. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 28, wherein R1is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, 3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl, 3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with C1- C6 alkyl, C1-C6alkyl(3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl), 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and 5-10 membered heteroaryl substituted with halogen, wherein each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O.

30. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein R1 is selected from the followinggroups:wherein the wavy 31. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 30, wherein R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9 areeach independently selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl and, C1-C6 haloalkyl.

32. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 31, wherein R4 and R5 are eachindependently selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl, and C1-C6 haloalkyl; and R6, R7, R8, and R9are H.

33. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 32, wherein R4 and R5 are eachindependently selected from H, methyl, and isopropyl; and R6, R7, R8, and R9are H.

34. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 33, wherein R4 is selected from H, methyland isopropyl; and R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are H.

35. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 34, wherein R10, R11, R12, and R13 are eachindependently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 haloalkoxy.

36. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 35, whereinX1is CR10; X2is CR11; X3is CR12; and X4is CR13; wherein at least one of R10, R11, R12, and R13is not H.

37. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 36, wherein no more than two of R10, R11,R12, and R13are H.

38. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 37, wherein R1is selected from the following groups:wherein the wavy the compound; R4is selected from H, methyl and isopropyl; R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are H; X1is CR10; X2is CR11; X3is CR12; X4is CR13; R10is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methoxy, and trifluoromethoxy; R11is selected from H, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, and methoxy; R12is selected from H, fluorine, and methyl; and R13is selected from H, fluorine, and methoxy; wherein at least one of R10, R11, R12, and R13is not H.

39. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 35, whereinX1is CH or N; X2is CH; X3is CH or N; and X4is CH or N; wherein at least one of X1, X3and X4is N.

40. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 39, whereinR1is selected from the following groups:, wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between R1and the rest of the compound; R4is methyl; R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9are H; X1is CH or N; X2is CH; X3is CH or N; and X4is CH or N; wherein at least one of X1, X3and X4is N.

41. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 40, wherein one of R10, R11, R12, and R13 isreplaced by a covalent bond to the rest of the compound.

42. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 41, wherein L is a linker comprising 1 to 25or 1 to 18 atoms in a single linear chain.

43. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 42, wherein L is a linker comprising 1 to 10or 1 to 8 rotatable bonds.

44. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 43, wherein:(i) L is a covalent bond or a linker of formula (Lx)q,wherein each Lx represents a subunit of L that is independently selected from CRL1RL2, O, C=O, S, SO, SO2, NRL3, SONRL4, SONRL5C=O, CONRL6, NRL7CO, C(RL8)=C(RL9), C≡C, C6-C10aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, C3-C8cycloalkyl, and 3-8 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalklyl, and heterocycloalkyl are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2; each R15is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; each R16is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; each RL1, RL2, RL3, RL4, RL5, RL6, RL7, RL8and RL9are each independently selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, OH, C1-C6 alkoxy, NH2, NH(C1-C6 alkyl), NO2, CN, CONH2, CONH(C1-C6 alkyl), CON(C1-C6 alkyl)2, SO2(C1-C6 alkyl), CO2(C1-C6 alkyl), and CO(C1-C6 alkyl); and q is an integer between 1 and 30; or (ii) L is a linker of formula (L1a):L1A-L2A-L3A(L1a) wherein L1Ais absent or is selected from C1-C6 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 alkylamino; L2Ais -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A-; L3Ais selected from C1-C3 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 alkylamino; and RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl; or (iii) L is a linker of formula (L1b):L1B-L2B-L3B-L4B-L5B(L1b)wherein L1Bis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 alkylamino; L2Bis -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A-; L3Bis selected from C1-C15 alkylene, and –[(CH2)2O]1-6(CH2)2-; L4Bis -NRL2AC=O- or -C=ONRL2A-; L5Bis selected from C1-C3 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy and C1-C6 alkylamino; andRL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl; or (iv) L is a linker of formula (L1c):L1C-L2C-L3C-L4C(L1c) wherein L1Cis a 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, a 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, wherein the monocyclic, bicyclic, and tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2; L2Cis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 alkylamino; L3Cis -RL2BC=O- or –(C=O)RL2B-; and L4Cis selected from C1-C3 alkylene, C1-C6 alkoxy, and C1-C6 alkylamino; each R15is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; each R16is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl; RL2Bis NRL2A; or an N-linked 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, a 7- to 12- membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, wherein the monocyclic, bicyclic, and tricyclic N-heterocycloalklyl each optionally containing one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR17, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R18)2; or (v) L is a linker of formula (L1d):L1D-L2D-L3D(L1d) wherein L1Dis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, CO, C1-C3 alkylene(N(C1-C3 alkyl); L2Dis NRL2Aor a 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, a 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or an 8- to 18-membered tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, wherein the monocyclic, bicyclic, and tricyclic N-heterocycloalkyl each optionally contain one or two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2; L3Dis absent or is selected from C1-C3 alkylene, –O-, -N(C1-C3 alkyl)-, and CO; each R15is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; each R16is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; and RL2Ais H or C1-C6 alkyl. (vi) L is a linker of formula (L1e):L1E-L2E-L3E(L1e) wherein L1Eis C1-C3 alkylene or CO; L2Eis a 4- to 7-membered monocyclic N-heterocycloalkyl, or a 7- to 12-membered bicyclic N- heterocycloalkyl, wherein the monocyclic, and bicyclic N-heterocycloalkyl each optionally contain oneor two additional ring heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, and are each optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OR15, C1-C6 alkyl, and N(R16)2; each R15is independently selected from H and C1-C6 alkyl; each R16is independently selected from H and C1-C6alkyl; and L3Eis selected from C1-C3 alkylene; or (vii) L is a linker of formula (L1f):L1F(L1f) wherein L1Fis selected from C1-C3 alkylene, CO, and C1-C3 alkylene(NRL1C); and RL1Cis H or C1-C3 alkyl.

45. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 44, wherein the -L-R14 moiety comprises astructure selected from:wavy 46. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 45, wherein the -L-R14 moiety comprises astructure selected from:wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between L and the rest of the compound.

47. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 46, wherein R14is selected from the group consisting of: binders to kinases; binders to bromodomain-containing proteins; epigenetic modulator compounds; binders to transcription factors; binders to phosphatases, binders to ubiquitin E3 ligases and / or deubiquitinase enzymes; binders to nuclear hormone receptors; binders to aggregation-prone proteins; binders to apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors; and binders to polymerases.

48. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 47, wherein R14 is a BRD9 binder.

49. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 48, wherein R14 is a moiety of formula (1e),(1f) or (1g)wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between R14and the linker; RAand REare each independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1-3 alkoxy and C1- 3alkyl; RBand RDare each independently selected from the group consisting of C1-3 alkoxy, H, OH, halogen, NH2, C1-3alkyl, C1-3 haloalkoxy, C1-3alkyl-O-C1-3alkyl, 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, C1-3alkyl- SO2-C1-3alkyl, C1-3alkyl-NH2, C1-3alkyl-N(-C1-3alkyl)2, N(C1-3alkyl)2, NH-RF, wherein the heterocycloalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; alternatively, RAand RBtaken together form a benzene ring; RCis selected from the group consisting of H, -Y-RG3, NH2, C1-3 alkyl and 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; alternatively, RCand Z2or RCand Z3taken together form a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, optionally substituted with C1-3 alkyl; wherein when RCis Y-RG3, RBand RDare each independently selected from H, OH, halogen, NH2, CN, C1-3 alkyl, C1-3 haloalkyl, C1-3 alkoxy, C1-3 haloalkoxy and C1-3alkoxy-C1-3alkyl; wherein at least one of the substituents RAto REis not hydrogen;RC’is absent, or is as defined for RCRFis selected from SO2-C1-3alkyl and C1-3 alkyl, wherein the C1-3 alkyl is optionally substituted with a 5 to 6 membered heteroaryl comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; RG3is selected from the group consisting of NH2, OH, C1-3 alkyl, N(RJRK), ORL, aryl, 5-6 membered heteroaryl, wherein the aryl and heteroaryl are optionally and independently substituted with one or more halogen, optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and optionally substituted 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, which monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl comprise one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and are optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from halogen, OH, NH2, C1-3 alkyl, NHC1-3alkyl, N(C1-3alkyl)2, C1-3 alkoxy and CH2-RM1; RHand RIare each independently selected from H or C1-3 alkyl; or RHand RItaken together form a C3-4cycloalkyl; RJis H or C1-3alkyl; RKis selected from the group consisting of C1-3 alkyl, C2-3alkyl-N(C1-3alkyl)2, C2-3alkyl-NHC1- 3alkyl, 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, wherein each monocyclic and bicyclic heterocycloalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and is optionally substituted with C1-3alkyl; RLis C1-3 alkyl or a 4-7 membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the heterocycloalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and is optionally substituted with C1-3 alkyl; RMis selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C1-6 heteroalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C2-6 alkynyl and H, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, heteroalkyl and cycloalkyl are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl; RM1is selected from 5-10 membered mono- or bicyclic aryl or heteroaryl comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, which is optionally substituted with NH2, OH, halogen, CN, C1-3 alkyl, C1-3 alkoxy; RNis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, C1-6alkyl, C(O)C1-5alkyl, NH2, optionally substituted amino, OH, cyano, C1-6heteroalkyl, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C2-9heterocycloalkyl, C6-10aryl, C2- 9heteroaryl, C2-6alkenyl, C2-6heteroalkenyl and thiol, wherein each heteroalkyl and heteroalkenyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and the alkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl and heteroalkenyl are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl; ROis H, halogen, cyano, C1-6alkyl, C1-6heteroalkyl, C3-10cycloalkyl, C2–9heterocycloalkyl, C6- 10aryl, C2-9heteroaryl, C2-6alkenyl, C2-6heteroalkenyl, hydroxy, and thiol, wherein each heteroalkyl and heteroalkenyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, each heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the groupconsisting of N, S and O, and the alkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl and heteroalkenyl are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl; alternatively, RNand Z5taken together, combine to form a C6-10arene or C2–9heteroarene, wherein the heteroarene comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and the arene or heteroarene are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl; optionally wherein RNand ROtaken together with the carbon atoms to which they are joined, combine to form a C6-10arene or C2–9heteroarene, wherein the heteroarene comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and the arene or heteroarene are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl; RPis selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 heteroalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, C3-10 cycloalkyl and C6-10 aryl, wherein the alkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl are each optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl; Z3is N or CRD; Z5is N or CRO; Z6is N or CRP; Y is absent or is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, -SO2- and -CO-; ring 1A is a 5-7 membered heterocycloalkane comprising one or two heteroatoms selected from the list consisting of N, S and O, optionally substituted with C1-3alkyl; and ring 1D is a C6-10aryl or C2–9heteroaryl comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, each of which are optionally substituted with C1-3alkyl.

50. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 49, wherein R14 is a moiety selected fromwherein the wavy line intersects the bond between R14and L; RA, RB, RE, RM, Z3and Z6are as defined in claim 28; RCis absent or as defined in claim 28; RNis selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-5alkyl, C1-3haloalkyl, H, C(O)C1-5alkyl, NH2, NHC1-3alkyl and OH; ROis H or C1-3 alkyl; each RXis independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, OH, NH2, NH-C1-3alkyl, C1-5 alkyl, C1-5 haloalkyl, C1-5 alkoxy and C1-4 haloalkoxy; n is 0 to 3; ois 0 to 2;p is 0 or 1; and q is 0 to 4.

51. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 50, wherein R14 is a moiety according toformula (1ea’)wherein the wavy line intersects the R14and L; RAand REare each independently selected from H and C1-3 alkoxy; RBand RDare each independently selected from C1-3 alkoxy, H, halogen, C1-3 alkyl, and C1-3 haloalkoxy; RCis absent, or is Y-RG3; Y is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, and -CO-; RHand RIare each independently selected from H or C1-3 alkyl; or RHand RItaken together form a C3-4 cycloalkyl; RG3is selected from the group consisting of N(RJRK), N(C1-3alkyl)(4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene), or -N(C1-3alkyl)(7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene)); -O-; 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene; and 7- to 12-membered heterocycloalkylene, wherein each heterocycloalkene comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and is optionally substituted with C1-C3 alkyl; RJis H or C1-3alkyl; RKis selected from the group consisting of C1-3 alkyl, C2-3alkyl-N(C1-3alkyl)2, C2-3alkyl-NHC1- 3alkyl, 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, wherein each monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and is optionally substituted with C1-3 alkyl; RMis C1-3 alkyl; andRN, ROand RPare each independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-3 alkyl, and C1-3 haloalkyl.

52. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 51, wherein R14 is a moiety of formulae (1h)wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between R14and L; RCis absent, or is -Y-RG3; Y is selected from the group consisting of -CRHRI-, and -CO-; RHand RIare each H; or RHand RItaken together form a C3-4cycloalkyl; RG3is selected from the group consisting of N(RJRK), N(C1-3alkyl)(4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene), or N(C1-3alkyl)(7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene)); -O-; 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkylene; and 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkylene,wherein each monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and is optionally substituted with C1-3 alkyl; RJis H or C1-3alkyl; RKis selected from the group consisting of C1-3alkyl, C2-3alkyl-N(C1-3alkyl)2, C2-3alkyl-NHC1-3alkyl, 4- to 7- membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and 7- to 12-membered bicyclic heterocycloalkyl, wherein each monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl comprises one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, and is optionally substituted with C1-3alkyl.

53. The combination of any one of claims 27 to 52, wherein R14 is a moiety of formula (1ia)wherein the wavy line intersects the bond between R14and L.

54. The combination of any preceding claim, wherein the compound of formula (X) has astructure as shown in Table 1, or is any one of compounds Y1 to Y116.

55. The combination of any preceding claim, wherein the compound of formula (X) isselected from compounds B47, C76, C77, B201 and B202 in Table 1, or is compound Y116.

56. The combination of any preceding claim, wherein the compound of formula (X) isselected from compounds B47, C76, C77, B201 and B202 in Table 1, or is compound Y116.

57. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the compound of formula (X)has a structure as shown in Table 1.

58. The combination of claim 57, wherein the compound of formula (X) is selected fromcompounds B47, C76, C77, B201 and B202 in Table 1.

59. The combination of claim 57 or claim 58, wherein the compound of formula (X) isselected from compounds B47, C76, C77, B201 and B202 in Table 1.

60. The combination of claim 28, wherein the compound of formula (X) is any one ofcompounds Y1 to Y116.

61. The combination of claim 60, wherein the compound of formula (X) is Y116.

62. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 61, wherein the chemotherapeutic agent isa B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein inhibitor or a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor.

63. The combination of any one of claims 1 to 62, wherein the at least onechemotherapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of: Venetoclax; Azacitidine; Cytarabine; Daunorubicin; Ziftomenib; and Quizartinib.

64. The combination of claim 63, wherein the at least one chemotherapeutic agent isVenetoclax or Azacitidine.

65. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the combination of any one of claims 1 to64.

66. A combination as defined in any one of claims 1 to 64 or the pharmaceuticalcomposition of claim 65, for use in medicine.

67. The combination or pharmaceutical composition for use of claim 66, wherein the usecomprises the treatment and / or prevention of any disease or condition which is associated with and / or is caused by an abnormal level of BRD9 activity.

68. The combination or pharmaceutical composition for use of claim 66 or 67, wherein thedisease or condition is cancer.

69. A method of selectively degrading and / or increasing proteolysis of BRD9 in a cell, themethod comprising contacting and / or treating the cell with a combination as defined in any one of claims 1 to 64 or a pharmaceutical composition as defined in claim 65.

70. A compound as defined in any of claims 1 to 64 for use in medicine, wherein saidbifunctional compound is for administration as a part of a combination therapy with one or more chemotherapeutic agents.

71. The compound for use in medicine as defined in claim 70, wherein the at least onechemotherapeutic agent is a B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein inhibitor, a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor, an antimetabolic agent, an anthracycline antibiotic, a menin inhibitor, or a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

72. The compound for use in medicine as defined in claim 70 or claim 71, wherein the atleast one chemotherapeutic agent is Venetoclax, Azacitidine, Cytarabine, Daunorubicin, Ziftomenib, or Quizartinib.

73. The compound for use in medicine as defined in any one of claims 70 to 72, whereinthe at least one chemotherapeutic agent is Venetoclax.

74. The compound for use in medicine as defined in any of claims 70 to 72, wherein the atleast one chemotherapeutic agent is Azacitidine.

75. The compound for use in medicine as defined in any one of claims 70 to 73, whereinthe at least one chemotherapeutic agent is Cytarabine.

76. The compound for use in medicine as defined in any one of claims 70 to 72, whereinthe at least one chemotherapeutic agent is Daunorubicin.

77. The compound for use in medicine as defined in any one of claims 70 to 72, whereinthe at least one chemotherapeutic agent is Ziftomenib.

78. The compound for use in medicine as defined in any one of claims 70 to 72, whereinthe at least one chemotherapeutic agent is Quizartinib.

79. The compound for use in medicine as defined in any of claims 70 to 78, wherein thecompound is any one of compounds Y1 to Y116 or has a structure as shown in Table 1.

80. The compound for use in medicine as defined in any of claims 70 to 79, wherein thebifunctional compound is selected from compounds B47, C76, C77, B201 and B202 in Table 1 or Y116.

81. The compound for use in medicine as defined in any of claims 70 to 80, wherein thebifunctional compound is selected from compounds B47, C76 or B201 in Table 1 or Y116. 82 The compound for use in medicine as defined in any of claims 70 to 81, wherein the use comprises the treatment and / or prevention of any disease or condition which is associated with and / or is caused by an abnormal level of BRD9 activity.

83. The compound for use in medicine as defined in any of claims 70 to 82, wherein thedisease or condition is cancer.

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