A device for feeding wire in the production of hairpin stators for electrical engines
The feeding device with opposing conveyor belts and contact blocks addresses slippage issues, ensuring minimal insulation damage and consistent speed for efficient hairpin stator production.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/082451
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-03-18
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing feeding devices for conductor wire in hairpin stator production suffer from slippage, leading to damage of electrical insulation and inconsistent transport speed, which complicates subsequent processing steps.
A feeding device with opposing conveyor belts and contact blocks that move in the same direction, friction-locking the conductor wire to maintain constant speed and minimize insulation damage, allowing adjustment for different wire thicknesses.
The solution ensures minimal insulation damage and consistent wire transport, facilitating efficient production of hairpin stators with high copper fill factor.
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Figure CN2025082451_25092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A device for feeding wire in the production of hairpin stators for electrical enginesField of the invention
[0001] The invention pertains to a process for producing a formed conductor wire piece, preferably to a process for producing a formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin, to a process for producing an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably to a process for produc-ing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of hairpin, even more preferably to a process for producing a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction, to a feeding device for continuously providing a conductor wire and to the use of such a feeding device.Background
[0002] Stators for electric machines in a hairpin construction are nowadays often found in drive engines, particularly in the automotive sector. With this production technique, a conductor wire, usually a rectangular wire, that is coated with an electric insulation is first bent into a U-shape, which can also be referred to as a conductor clip or “hairpin” . The legs of this hairpin are then arranged in a circle and inserted into the slots of a laminated stator core. In the next step, the free ends of the legs are twisted concentrically about the stator axis by a defined angle on the rear side of the stator, with all free ends that are on a certain diameter, i.e. on one layer of the winding, being twisted alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. This process is also known as “twisting” . Free ends that come to rest next to each other due to the twisting are welded and, depending on the winding scheme, so-called interconnecting bridges are placed on the winding head and welded to the free ends in order to connect the conductor clips to form an overall winding. Op-tionally, the free ends are then insulated and the entire stator is impregnated. This technology can be highly automated and achieves a high copper fill factor, i.e. a high ratio of the area cov-ered by the conductor to the groove area. The fill factor of hairpin stators is, due to the rectan-gular cross-section and the small number of turns, approx. 73%and is thus considerably higher than with the classic winding methods (45-50%, depending on the insulation thickness) . Hairpin stators are therefore particularly suitable for the manufacture of electric machines in the auto-motive sector, in particular for the manufacture of drive units.
[0003] The copper wire used to make the hairpins is usually coiled in the form of a coil and is preferably uncoiled from this coil in a continuous process and is then forwarded towards the different pro-cess stations, such a cutting or de-isolating, wherein feeding devices are used to transport the copper wire.
[0004] Feeding devices known from the state of the art in which the copper wire is continuously divided may, for example, comprise a defined arrangement of rollers, whereby the copper wire is guided between these rollers rotating in opposite directions. CN 217492515 U describes a device con-sisting of two rows of rolls arranged one above the other, whereby the rolls of the upper row rotate in the opposite direction to the rolls of the lower row and the copper wire is fed through a gap between the upper and lower rolls. Also known from the prior art are feeding conveyor belts that usually comprise two belts arranged next to each other and rotating in opposite directions, wherein the copper wire is friction locked between the two belts.
[0005] However, the disadvantage of the feeding devices known from the prior art is that during transport of the copper wire slippage may occur (i.e., the phenomenon that the speed with which the copper wire is moved forward does, often for a certain limited period of time, not correspond to the speed in which the feeding rolls or feeding belts, between which the copper wire is friction locked, move in that direction. This slippage can lead to friction between the surface of the copper wire and the transport rolls or conveyor belt and thus also to at least partial destruction of the electric insulation on the copper wire. In addition, slipping effects mean that the copper wire is not moved at a sufficiently constant transport speed, which makes it more difficult to process the copper wire in the subsequent process steps.
[0006] Objects
[0007] The present invention was based on the object of overcoming the disadvantages resulting from the prior art in connection with the production of formed conductor wire pieces, particularly with formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin.
[0008] In particular, the present invention was based on the object of providing a process for producing a formed conductor wire piece from a conductor wire that is coated with an electrical insulation, the formed conductor wire piece comprising a first leg, a second leg and a bridging portion that connects the first leg and the second leg, particularly for producing a formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin, wherein the formed conductor wire piece is characterized in that the electrical insulation shows as little damage as possible.
[0009] It was also an object of the present invention to provide a feeding device for continuously provid-ing a conductor wire that not only allows the continuous provision of a conductor wire the elec-trical insulation of which shows as little damage as possible, the device should also allow the provision of the conductor wire in a speed as constant as possible, wherein slipping effects dur-ing transport should be avoided as good as possible. Moreover, the feeding device should be adjustable in such a way that it can be used to transport conductor wires of different thicknesses.
[0010] Preferred embodiments of the invention
[0011] A contribution to at least partly solving at least one, preferably more than one, of the above objects is made by the independent claims. The dependent claims provide preferred embodi-ments which contribute to at least partly solving at least one of the objects.
[0012] |1a| A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is made by a 1st embodiment of a process 1 for producing a formed conductor wire piece, preferably to a process for producing a formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin, the process comprising the process steps:
[0013] a. providing a conductor wire, preferably a copper wire,
[0014] wherein the conductor wire has a conductor wire surface,
[0015] wherein the conductor wire surface is to at least 50%, preferably at least 75%and more preferably at least 95%, coated with an electrical insulation;
[0016] b. separating the conductor wire to obtain a longitudinal conductor wire piece, preferably to obtain a plurality of longitudinal conductor wire pieces,
[0017] wherein the longitudinal conductor wire piece or each longitudinal conductor wire piece in the plurality of longitudinal conductor wire pieces comprises a first end and a second end;
[0018] c. forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece or each longitudinal conductor wire piece in the plurality of longitudinal conductor wire pieces to a formed conductor wire piece that comprises a first leg with a first end, a second leg with a second end and a bridging portion that connects the first leg and the second leg, preferably to a formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin (subsequently also simply referred to as -a hairpin -) .
[0019] wherein the provision of the conductor wire in process step a) is accomplished by means of a feeding device,
[0020] - wherein the feeding device comprises a first feeding surface and a further feeding sur-face;
[0021] - wherein the conductor wire is disposed between the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface;
[0022] - wherein the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface are adapted and ar-ranged to transport the conductor wire by contacting the conductor wire;
[0023] characterized in that the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface move in the same direction while being in contact with the conductor wire, thereby conveying the conductor wire in that direction.
[0024] |2a| According to a preferred embodiment of process 1, the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface move for a distance L of at least 5 cm, preferably of at least 7.5 cm and even more preferably of at least 10 cm in the same direction while being in contact with the conductor wire. Preferably, distance L is in the range from 10 to 60 cm. This preferred embodi-ment is a 2nd embodiment of process 1 according to the present invention, that preferably de-pends on the 1st embodiment.
[0025] |3a| According to a further preferred embodiment of process 1, the feeding device comprises an upper feeding element and a lower feeding element, wherein the conductor wire is disposed between the upper feeding element and the lower feeding element and wherein each of the feed-ing elements comprises a plurality of contact blocks, at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks of the upper feeding element forming a part of the first feeding surface and at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks of the lower feeding element forming a part of the further feeding surface. This preferred embodiment is a 3rd embodiment of process 1 according to the present invention, that preferably depends on the 1st or the 2nd embodiment.
[0026] |4a| According to a further preferred embodiment of process 1,
[0027] - the plurality of contact blocks of the upper feeding element are fixed next to each other to at least one upper revolving conveyor belt that continuously transports the contact blocks of the upper feeding element;
[0028] - the plurality of contact blocks of the lower feeding element are fixed next to each other to at least one lower revolving conveyor belt that continuously transports the contact blocks of the lower feeding element;
[0029] - the part of the surface of the contact blocks of the upper feeding element forming a part of the first feeding surface is the surface of each contact block that faces away from the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt on which the contact block is fixed;
[0030] - the part of the surface of the contact blocks of the lower feeding element forming a part of the further feeding surface is the surface of each contact block that faces away from the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt on which the contact block is fixed;
[0031] wherein the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt and the at least one lower revolving con-veyor belt rotate in opposite directions. This preferred embodiment is a 4th embodiment of pro-cess 1 according to the present invention, that preferably depends on the 3rd embodiment.
[0032] |5a| According to a further preferred embodiment of process 1, the contact blocks on the upper feeding element and on the lower feeding element are adapted and arranged to friction-lock the conductor wire and transport the conductor wire forwards. This preferred embodiment is a 5th embodiment of process 1 according to the present invention, that preferably depends on the 3rd or the 4th embodiment.
[0033] |6a| According to a further preferred embodiment of process 1, each contact block is mounted on at least one support roller which slides over a carrier element during the transport of the contact block by the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt or the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt. This preferred embodiment is a 6th embodiment of process 1 according to the present invention, that preferably depends on any of the 3rd to the 5th embodiment.
[0034] |7a| According to a further preferred embodiment of process 1, the contact blocks are made of metal, glass, ceramic, plastic or a combination of two or more of these materials. In this con-text it is particularly preferable that the lower part of each contact block that comes into contact with the support roller is made of a metal, preferably steel. This preferred embodiment is a 7th embodiment of process 1 according to the present invention, that preferably depends on any of the 3rd to the 6th embodiment.
[0035] |8a| According to a further preferred embodiment of process 1, the upper part of each con-tact block that comes into contact with the conductor wire is made of a material selected from the group consisting of a rubber, a resin such as a polyurethane, or any other hardened material preferably having a Rockwell hardness HRC in the range from 58 to 63. Where the material does not affect the requirements of the mechanism of the feeding device, the use of hardened materials causes no additional wear and tear. This preferred embodiment is an 8th embodiment of process 1 according to the present invention, that preferably depends on the 6th or the 7th embodiment.
[0036] |9a| According to a further preferred embodiment of process 1, the height of at least one of the upper feeding element and the lower feeding element in the feeding device is adjustable so to also adjust the friction applied to the conductor wire by the contact blocks. This also allows the feeding device to be used to continuously provide conductor wires having different thick-nesses. This preferred embodiment is a 9th embodiment of process 1 according to the present invention, that preferably depends on any of the 3rd to the 8th embodiment.
[0037] |10a| According to a further preferred embodiment of process 1, each contact block is con-nected to a positioning spring in such a way that the contact block, when it comes into contact with the conductor wire, is pressed by the spring force against the conductor wire. This preferred embodiment is a 10th embodiment of process 1 according to the present invention, that preferably depends on any of the 3rd to the 9th embodiment.
[0038] |1b| A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by a 1st embodiment of a process 2 for producing an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces, the process comprising the process steps:
[0039] a) -c) providing a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces, each formed conductor wire piece being produced by process 1 according to the present invention, preferably by process 1 according to any of the 1st to the 10th embodiment;
[0040] d) arranging the formed conductor wire pieces of this plurality of formed conductor wire pieces relative to each other to obtain an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces, wherein this arrangement is accomplished in such a way that the legs of the formed conductor wire pieces of this plurality of formed conductor wire pieces are orientated in basically the same direction;
[0041] e) providing an electrical contact between the first end or the second end of a given of formed conductor wire piece and the first end or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece.
[0042] |2b| According to a further preferred embodiment of process 2, in process step d) the formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in one or more circles, wherein in case of more than one circle these circles are formed in a concentric arrangement. This preferred embodiment is a 2nd embodiment of process 2 according to the present invention, that preferably depends on the 1st embodiment.
[0043] |3b| According to a further preferred embodiment of process 2, in in process step e) the contacts are formed for all formed conductor wire pieces that are located within in a given circle of formed conductor wire pieces, thereby forming one or more electrically conductive windings. This preferred embodiment is a 3rd embodiment of process 2 according to the present invention, that preferably depends on the 1st or the 2nd embodiment.
[0044] |1c| A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by a 1st embodiment of a feeding device for continuously providing a conductor wire, comprising
[0045] - a first feeding surface and a further feeding surface,
[0046] - wherein the conductor wire can be disposed between the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface;
[0047] - wherein the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface are adapted and ar-ranged to transport the conductor wire by contacting the conductor wire;
[0048] characterized in that the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface are adapted to move in the same direction while being in contact with the conductor wire, thereby conveying the conductor wire in that direction.
[0049] |2c| According to a preferred embodiment of the feeding device, the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface move for a distance L of at least 5 cm, preferably of at least 7.5 cm and even more preferably of at least 10 cm in the same direction while being in contact with the conductor wire. Preferably, distance L is in the range from 10 to 60 cm. This preferred em-bodiment is a 2nd embodiment of the feeding device according to the present invention, that preferably depends on the 1st embodiment.
[0050] |3c| According to a preferred embodiment of the feeding device, the feeding device com-prises an upper feeding element and a lower feeding element, wherein the conductor wire can be disposed between the upper feeding element and a lower feeding element and wherein each of the feeding elements comprises a plurality of contact blocks, at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks of the upper feeding element forming a part of the first feeding surface and at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks of the lower feeding element forming a part of the further feeding surface. This preferred embodiment is a 3rd embodiment of the feeding device according to the present invention, that preferably depends on the 1st or the 2nd embodiment.
[0051] |4c| According to a preferred embodiment of the feeding device,
[0052] - the plurality of contact blocks of the upper feeding element are fixed next to each other to at least one upper revolving conveyor belt that continuously transports the contact blocks of the upper feeding element;
[0053] - the plurality of contact blocks of the lower feeding element are fixed next to each other to at least one lower revolving conveyor belt that continuously transports the contact blocks of the lower feeding element;
[0054] - the part of the surface of the contact blocks of the upper feeding element forming a part of the first feeding surface is the surface of each contact block that faces away from the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt on which the contact block is fixed;
[0055] - the part of the surface of the contact blocks of the lower feeding element forming a part of the further feeding surface is the surface of each contact block that faces away from at least one the lower revolving conveyor belt on which the contact block is fixed;
[0056] wherein the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt and the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt are adapted and arranged to rotate in opposite directions. This preferred embodi-ment is a 4th embodiment of the feeding device according to the present invention, that preferably depends on the 3rd embodiment.
[0057] |5c| According to a preferred embodiment of the feeding device, the contact blocks on the upper feeding element and on the lower feeding element are adapted and arranged to friction-lock the conductor wire and transport the conductor wire forwards. This preferred embodiment is a 5th embodiment of the feeding device according to the present invention, that preferably depends on the 3rd or the 4th embodiment.
[0058] |6c| According to a preferred embodiment of the feeding device, each contact block is mounted on at least one support roller which is adapted and arranged to slide over a carrier element during the transport of the contact block by the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt or the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt. This preferred embodiment is a 6th em-bodiment of the feeding device according to the present invention, that preferably depends on any of the 3rd to the 5th embodiment.
[0059] |7c| According to a preferred embodiment of the feeding device, the contact blocks are made of a metal, a ceramic, a plastic or a combination of two or more of these materials. In this context it is particularly preferable that the lower part of each contact block that comes into contact with the support roller is made of a metal, preferably steel. This preferred embodiment is a 7th embodiment of the feeding device according to the present invention, that preferably depends on any of the 3rd to the 6th embodiment.
[0060] |8c| According to a preferred embodiment of the feeding device, the upper part of each con-tact block that comes into contact with the conductor wire is made of a material selected from the group consisting of a rubber, a resin such as a polyurethane, or any other hardened material preferably having a Rockwell hardness HRC in the range from 58 to 63. This preferred embod-iment is an 8th embodiment of the feeding device according to the present invention, that prefer-ably depends on any of the 3rd to the 7th embodiment.
[0061] |9c| According to a preferred embodiment of the feeding device, the height of at least one of the upper feeding element and the lower feeding element in the feeding device can be adjusted so to also adjust the friction applied to the conductor wire by the contact blocks. This preferred embodiment is a 9th embodiment of the feeding device according to the present invention, that preferably depends on any of the 3rd to the 8th embodiment.
[0062] |10c| According to a preferred embodiment of the feeding device, each contact block is con-nected to a positioning spring in such a way that the contact block, when it comes into contact with the conductor wire, is pressed by the spring force against the conductor wire. This preferred embodiment is a 10th embodiment of the feeding device according to the present invention, that preferably depends on any of the 3rd to the 9th embodiment.
[0063] |1d| A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by the use of the feeding device according to the present invention, preferably of the feed-ing device according to any of the 1st to the 9th embodiment in a process for the production of a formed conductor wire piece, preferably in process 1 according to any of the 1st to the 10th em-bodiment or in a process for the production of an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably in process 2 according to any of the 1st to the 3rd embodiment.Detailed description of the invention
[0064] The present disclosure can be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying figures and examples, which form a part of this disclosure. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific devices, methods, applications, conditions or parameters described and / or shown herein, and that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments by way of example only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present disclosure. Also, as used herein, the singular forms “a, ” “an, ” and “the” include “at least one” and a plurality. Further, reference to a plurality as used in the specification including the appended claims includes the singular “a, ” “an, ” “one, ” and “the, ” and further includes “at least one. ” Further still, reference to a particular numerical value in the specification including the appended claims includes at least that particular value, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0065] The term “plurality” , as used herein, means more than one. When a range of values is expressed, another example includes from the one particular value and / or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about, ” it will be understood that the particular value forms another example. All ranges are inclusive and combinable.
[0066] The term “substantially, ” “approximately, ” and derivatives thereof, and words of similar import, when used to describe sizes, shapes, spatial relationships, distances, directions, and other similar parameters includes the stated parameter in addition to a range up to 10%more and up to 10%less than the stated parameter, including up to 5%more and up to 5%less, including up to 3%more and up to 3%less, including up to 1%more and up to 1%less.
[0067] Process step a.
[0068] In process step a. of the process for producing a formed conductor wire piece according to the present invention a conductor wire, preferably a copper wire, is provided, wherein the conductor wire has a conductor wire surface and wherein the conductor wire surface is to at least 50%, preferably at least 75%and more preferably at least 95%, coated with an electrical insulation. The wire surface that is coated with the electrical insulation is the perimeter surface of the con-ductor wire that surrounds the conductor wire in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conductor wire.
[0069] Preferably, the conductor wire can have any cross-sectional shape, such as a cyclic shape, an elliptic shape or a rectangular shape, wherein a rectangular shape of the cross-section of the conductor wire is particularly preferred. In case of such a rectangular shape, the length of side A of the rectangular cross-sectional area A × B is preferably in a range from 2 to 6 mm, more preferably in a range from 2.5 to 5 mm, and even more preferably in a range from 3.3 to 4 mm and the length of side B is preferably in a range from 1 to 5 mm, more preferably in a range from 1.3 to 4 mm, and even more preferably in a range from 1.5 to 3 mm. Furthermore, the length of sides A and B defining the cross-sectional rectangular shape of the conductor wire may differ from each other by at least 0.25 mm, by at least 0.5 mm or by at least 1 mm. Suitable examples of conductor wires are conductor wires, preferably coppers wires, having a cross-sectional size of 4 × 3 mm or 3.3 × 1.5 mm.
[0070] The conductive material on which the conductor wire is based is preferably a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, iron, gold, aluminum, silver and combinations of at least two of these metals, wherein copper is particularly preferred. The most preferred conductor wire is thus a copper wire.
[0071] The electrical insulation that covers at least a part of the conductor wire surface may be based on any material, such as enamel, paper, polymer, fiberglass, mica, and combinations thereof. In one specific example, the electrical insulation may be a polyamide-imide film. Also, the method for coating the conductor wire may be any method as long as it is a method that is normally used as an insulation coating method such as immersion, electrodeposition coating, oxide filming, or plating. Copper wires coated with such an electrical insulating that are suitable to be used in process step a. are commercially available from Hitachi Cable America, Inc. of White Plains, New York.
[0072] Providing the conductor wire in process step a. is preferably accomplished by means of a con-tinues process in which a conductor wire that is wound on a reel and is continuously unwound from this reel by means of a feeding element and is subsequently straightened in several stages to reduce residual curvature and residual stresses. The process of providing a conductor wire may also include an additional step in which the electrical insulation of the conductor wire is partially stripped (removed) after the straightening process, preferably in regular intervals. Both laser-based and mechanical processes are used here to at least partially remove the electrical insolation.
[0073] Process step b.
[0074] In process step b. of the process for producing a formed conductor wire piece according to the present invention the conductor wire provided in process step a. is separated to obtain a longi-tudinal conductor wire piece, preferably a plurality of longitudinal conductor wire pieces, wherein the longitudinal conductor wire piece or each longitudinal conductor wire piece in the plurality of longitudinal conductor wire pieces comprises a first end and a second end. Preferably, separation is carried out within the stripped area of the conductor wire, preferably essentially centrally within this stripped area, so that the resulting longitudinal wire piece is stripped to a certain length at its first and its second end –this length depending on the length of the area of the conductor wire stripped in process step a..
[0075] The length of the longitudinal conductor wire piece or the length of each longitudinal conductor wire piece in the plurality of longitudinal conductor wire pieces that is produced in process step b. depends on the shape of the formed conductor piece, preferably on the shape of the hairpin, that is to be formed in process step c. . The conductor wire can, for example, be separated by means of a simple cutting process using a cam driven punch and die set which creates notches with a well-defined depth across the surface of the conductor wire in the middle of a stripped section thereof to separate the conductor wire at that point. In the alternative, the conductor wire may also be separated by means of a process selected from the group consisting of shear cutting, knife cutting, bite cutting, tearing or a combination of two or more of these approaches.
[0076] Process step b. may additionally comprise a process step in which the ends of the longitudinal conductor wire piece are sharpened or chamfered for an easier arrangement of the formed con-ductor wire piece, preferably of the hairpin, in the slots of a stator as described later.
[0077] Process step c.
[0078] In process step c. of the process for producing a formed conductor wire piece according to the present invention the longitudinal conductor wire piece is formed to obtain a formed conductor wire piece that comprises a first leg with a first end, a second leg with a second end and a bridg-ing portion that connects the first leg and the second leg, preferably to a hairpin. Preferably, formation is performed in such a way that a formed conductor wire piece is obtained in which the first and the second leg basically show in the same direction and are aligned substantially parallel to each other.
[0079] According to one embodiment of the process according to the present invention the formed con-ductor wire piece is characterized by a two-dimensional structure in such a sense that the two legs extend in one plane. According to another embodiment of the process according to the pre-sent invention the formed conductor wire piece is characterized by a three-dimensional structure in such a sense that the two legs extend in two parallel planes offset from each other, this em-bodiment being particularly preferred. In order to obtain such a three-dimensional form, the bridging portion that connects the first and the second leg has the shape of a twisted “U” . An example of such a 3D-structured hairpin in shown in Fig. 1.
[0080] Forming of the longitudinal conductor wire piece can be accomplished by any method the person skilled in the art would consider to be suitable from forming a conductor wire such as a copper wire. Preferred forming methods comprise CNC-bending, swivel bending, press brake bending, free bending and a combination of at least two of these approaches. CNC-bending allows 2D-and 3D-bending of the conductor wire. The conductor wire is bent directly by a single or multiple bending tools into the desired final contour. When using swivel bending, the conductor wire is positioned on a stop system, in which an upper beam clamps the copper wire against a lower beam. These bending clamps give the conductor wire the required 2D-geometry. The desired 3D-geometry can be obtained by combining the swivel bending processes with die bending pro-cesses or free bending processes. When using press brake bending, the 2D-bent hairpin is posi-tioned on a die. The 3D-shape is subsequently imparted to the hairpin by downward movement of a press brake. When using free bending, one leg of the 2D-bent hairpin is placed between an upper and a lower cheek. A gripper then takes the free hairpin-leg and pulls the hairpin apart in order to obtain the desired 3D-shape.
[0081] It should be noted that in the process according to the present invention process step c. not nec-essarily has to be carried out after process step b. but can also be performed before process step b. In that case, first a formed conductor wire piece is prepared at the free end of the conductor wire provided in process step a. and thereafter the formed conductor wire piece it is separated from the conductor wire to obtain the formed conductor wire piece that in process step d. is then used to prepare an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces.
[0082] The process according to the present invention is now characterized in that the provision of the conductor wire in process step a) is accomplished by means of a feeding device,
[0083] - wherein the feeding device comprises a first feeding surface and a further feeding sur-face;
[0084] - wherein the conductor wire is disposed between the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface;
[0085] - wherein the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface are adapted and ar-ranged to transport the conductor wire by contacting the conductor wire;
[0086] characterized in that the first feeding surface and the further feeding surface move in the same direction while being in contact with the conductor wire, thereby conveying the conductor wire in that direction. According to a preferred embodiment of the process (and the feeding device) according to the present invention the feeding device comprises an upper feeding element and a lower feeding element, wherein the conductor wire is disposed between the upper feeding ele-ment and the lower feeding element and wherein each of the feeding elements comprises a plu-rality of contact blocks, at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks of the upper feeding element forming a part of the first feeding surface and at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks of the lower feeding element forming a part of the further feeding surface. The contact blocks on the upper feeding element and on the lower feeding element are preferably adapted and arranged to friction-lock the conductor wire and to transport the conduc-tor wire forwards.
[0087] In the feeding device according to the present invention the first and second feeding surfaces are in continuous contact with the conductor as they transport it. By means of the conveying method according to the present invention, in particular by means of the embodiment comprising contact blocks located on a respective surface above and below the wire and attached to a continuously rotating revolving conveyor belt, slipping effects can be avoided.
[0088] The first feeding surface and the further feeding surface preferably move for a distance L of at least 5 cm, preferably of at least 7.5 cm and even more preferably of at least 10 cm in the same direction while being in contact with the conductor wire.
[0089] According to a preferred embodiment of the process or the feeding device according to the pre-sent invention
[0090] - the plurality of contact blocks of the upper feeding element are fixed next to each other to at least one upper revolving conveyor belt that continuously transports the contact blocks of the upper feeding element;
[0091] - the plurality of contact blocks of the lower feeding element are fixed next to each other to at least one lower revolving conveyor belt that continuously transports the contact blocks of the lower feeding element;
[0092] - the part of the surface of the contact blocks of the upper feeding element forming a part of the first feeding surface is the surface of each contact block that faces away from the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt on which the contact block is fixed;
[0093] - the part of the surface of the contact blocks of the lower feeding element forming a part of the further feeding surface is the surface of each contact block that faces away from the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt on which the contact block is fixed;
[0094] wherein the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt and the at least one lower revolving con-veyor belt rotate in opposite directions. Since the upper and lower revolving conveyor belt rotate in opposite direction, in the area in which the contact blocks of the upper feeding element come into close contact with the contact blocks of the lower feeding element to friction-lock the copper wire the upper and lower contact blocks to move in the same direction so as to guide the con-ductor wire in that direction. In this context the upper and lower revolving conveyor belt may, for example, rotate in a speed that is sufficient to ensure that the conductor wire exits the feeding element with a feeding speed in the range from 0.5 to 20 m / min, preferably in the range from 1 to 15 m / min and more preferably in the range from 5 to 10 m / min.
[0095] In this context it is also preferred that each contact block is mounted on at least one support roller which slides over a carrier element during the transport of the contact block by the upper revolving conveyor belt or the lower revolving conveyor belt. In this embodiment the feeding device may further comprise fixing elements to which the contact block and one or more, pref-erably two, support rollers are attached, wherein the support rollers are attached to the fixing elements in such a way that the support rollers can roll over the surface of the carrier element. Preferably, the fixing element is also connected with the revolving conveyor belt. In such an embodiment, the contact blocks are fixed to the at least one upper and the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt via such a fixing element.
[0096] In this context it is furthermore preferred that the contact blocks comprise at least 80 wt. -%, more preferably to at least 90 wt. -%and even more preferable at least 95 wt. -%, based on the total weight of the contact blocks, a material selected from the group consisting of metal, glass, ceramic, plastic or a combination of two or more of these materials. Most preferably the contact blocks a completely made from any of these materials or from a combination of these materials.
[0097] According to a particular embodiment of the process or the feeding device according to the pre-sent invention the upper part of each contact block that comes into contact with the conductor wire is made of a material selected from the group consisting of a rubber, a resin such as a polyurethane, or any other hardened material preferably having a Rockwell hardness HRC in the range from 58 to 63.
[0098] In connection with the process or the feeding device according to the present invention it is also preferred that the height of at least one of the upper feeding element and the lower feeding ele-ment in the feeding device is adjustable so to also adjust the friction applied to the conductor wire by the contact blocks. Such an adjustment of the height of the upper and lower feeding element can be accomplished by devices which are preferably adapted and arranged in such a way that the upper feeding element is lowered while simultaneously the lower feeding element is raised. In this context it is also preferred that the distance for which the upper feeding element is lowered is basically identical to the distance for which the lower feeding element is raised. By means of this adjustment it is also possible to transport conductor wires of different thicknesses.
[0099] In connection with the process or the feeding device according to the present invention it is furthermore preferred that each contact block is connected to a positioning spring in such a way that the contact block, when it comes into contact with the conductor wire, is pressed by the spring force against the conductor wire.
[0100] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by a formed conductor wire piece, preferably by a formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin, that is obtainable by that process.
[0101] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by the use of such a formed conductor wire piece, preferably by the use of such a formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin, in a process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably in a process for producing a stator for electric ma-chines in a hairpin construction, wherein the particulars of such a process are described below.
[0102] Process step d.
[0103] In process step d. of the process for producing an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention the formed conductor wire pieces obtained in process step c. are arranged relative to each other in such a way that the first leg of each of these formed con-ductor wire pieces and the second leg of each of these formed conductor wire pieces are orien-tated in basically the same direction. “Oriented in basically the same direction” is preferably understood in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the first leg and the second leg of each formed conductor wire piece run parallel to each other (thus, in case of n formed conductor wire pieces, the 2 × n legs preferably all run parallel to each other) . In this context it is also preferred that the first ends and the second ends of each of these formed conductor wire pieces are basically located in the same plane. The total amount of formed conductor wire pieces n that are arranged in process step d. depends on the desired size of the assembly and can be in the range from, for example, 25 to 3,000, in the range from 50 to 2,000 or in the range from 100 to 1,000.
[0104] Preferably, the formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in one or more circles, wherein in case of more than one circle these circles may be formed in a concentric arrangement. In this context it is particularly preferred that the plurality of formed conductor wire pieces is to be arranged within a stator core, preferably within a cylindrical stator core, the stator core compris-ing an outer perimeter surface, an inner perimeter surface and a plurality of slots formed between the inner perimeter surface and the outer perimeter surface, the inner perimeter surface defining an inner space, preferably an inner cylindrical space, that extends in an axial direction within the stator core, wherein the formed conductor wire pieces are placed in the slots of the stator core. The longitudinal axis of the legs of the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the longitudinal axis of the legs of the hairpins, runs parallel to the axial direction in which the inner space of the stator core extends. Depending on the width of the slots, each slot can accommodate a certain number m of legs of the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, m preferably being an even number in the range from 2 to 12, more preferably in the range from 4 to 8. The slot-positions of the legs of the formed con-ductor wire piece within a given slot can be numbered from 1 (the slot-position furthest away to the inner space of the stator) to x (the slot-position closet to the inner space of the stator) . An example of a cylindrical stator core in which the formed conductor wire pieces obtained in pro-cess step c. can be placed is shown in Fig. 3.
[0105] Preferably, in such a stator core the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the formed con-ductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, form a number m / 2 of rings, each ring running in a circumferential direction with the first ring r1 being the ring closest to the inner cylindrical space and the last ring rm / 2 being furthest away from the inner cylindrical space, wherein the formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in these rings in such a way that the first leg of a given formed conductor wire piece is placed in one of the plurality of slots at slot-position y (wherein y may, for example, be position 1, position 3, position 5 etc. ) , and the second leg of the same formed conductor wire piece may be positioned in the another slot at a slot-position y + 1 (e.g., if the first leg is placed in position 1 of a first slot, the second leg is placed in position 2 of another slot) . The circumferential distance of the two slots in the stator core depends, for exam-ple, on the distance between the first and the second end of a given formed conductor wire piece. When placing the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, into the slots in such a way, a plurality of concentrically arranged rings of formed conductor wire pieces is obtained, the number of rings being m / 2. According to a particular embodiment of the process according to the present invention m is 4, 6, 8 or 10 and thus 2, 3, 4 or 5 rings for hairpins are present in the assembly. At the end of process step e. (which will be described below) each of these rings forms an electrically conductive stator wind-ing, these windings being arranged concentrically.
[0106] The stator core, preferably the cylindrical stator core, can be designed in one piece or in multiple pieces, in particular in multiple segments. A one-piece stator core is characterized in that the entire stator core is formed in one piece, viewed circumferentially. The stator core is preferably formed from a large number of electrical laminations that are electrically insulated from one another and are constructed in layers and packaged to form laminated cores. This structure keeps the eddy currents in the stator caused by the stator field low. The sheets are generally made of electrical steel and are stacked and packaged one on top of the other to form a stack. The indi-vidual laminations can then remain held together in the laminated core by gluing, welding or screwing. A segmented stator core is characterized in that it is made up of individual stator seg-ment parts. The stator core can be made up of individual stator tooth, with each individual stator tooth being formed from the electrical laminations. Stator teeth are components of the stator core which are designed as circumferentially spaced, tooth-like radially inwardly directed parts of the stator body, wherein the free space between two adjacent tooth forms the slots mentioned above.
[0107] In addition to these slots, the cylindrical stator core may also comprise separate cooling ducts, which can be integrated into the laminated core of the stator as disclosed in EP 3 157 138 A1 as well as in the slot in addition to the electrically conductive stator winding as disclosed in Markus Schiefer: ,,Indirect winding cooling of highly utilized permanently excited synchronous ma-chines with tooth coil winding” , dissertation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , 2017) .
[0108] Before introducing the formed conductor wire pieces into the slots of the cylindrical stator core, these slots are preferably insulated. For that purpose, insulation paper is usually fed through a paper roll and is then continuously folded and cut into the respective shape. After the paper has been cut and folded, the insulation paper is inserted into the slots of the stator, preferably slot by slot. In a subsequent process step the insulation paper can be expanded using a forming die that moves to both sides of the stator and expands the slot insulation by applying heat.
[0109] With respect to the introduction of the formed conductor wire pieces, preferably of the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, into such a cylindrical stator core, different approaches can be used. It is, for example, possible to introduce the formed conductor wire pieces one after another into the slots of the stator. However, according to a preferred embodi-ment of the process for producing an assembly according to the present invention, the plurality of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably the plurality of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, are first assembled in such a way that the arrangement of the first and the second endings of all formed conductor wire pieces in that assembly corresponds to the arrange-ment of the slots of the cylindrical stator core, thereby forming a basket that comprises one or more rings (or crowns) of formed conductor wire pieces, preferably one or more rings of hairpins, wherein this basket (or each separate ring) is then introduced into the slots of the cylindrical stator core. A process for producing such a “pre-fitting nest” of hairpins is, for example, dis-closed in US 11, 652, 392 B2. An example of such a basket that comprises two concentrically arranged rings of formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin is shown in Fig. 2.
[0110] It has to be noted that not all formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin that are assembled in the cylindrical stator core must have exactly the same shape. Usually, two, three or more different types of hairpins can be assembled in the stator as it is disclosed, for example, in US 2014 / 319953 A1.
[0111] The assembly of the formed conductor wire pieces in the form of the above-described basket, preferably the assembly of the formed conductor wire pieces having the shape of a hairpin, may take place in a workpiece carrier or in a transfer device. Preferred assembly strategies comprise techniques such as turning or radial feed. All formed conductor wire pieces assembled in such a basket may then be aligned of a single level to the required electrical circuit. Subsequently, all formed conductor wire pieces of each level may be assembled into the cylindrical stator core with the help of an entering mask and a counter stay for hairpin guiding and an assembly gripper for hairpin inserting. After the formed conductor wire pieces or the assembly of formed conduc-tor wire pieces have been introduced into the slots of the stator core from one side of the stator core, the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces protrude from the opposite side of the stator.
[0112] Process step e.
[0113] In process step e. of the process for producing an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces according to the present invention an electrical contact is provided between the first end or the second end of a given formed conductor wire piece and the first end or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece. Preferably, these contacts are formed for all formed conductor wire pieces that are located within in a given circle (or ring) of formed conductor wire pieces, thereby forming one or more electrically conductive windings.
[0114] After the formed conductor wire pieces have been assembled, preferably after these formed con-ductor wire pieces have been assembled within a cylindrical stator core in the manner described in connection with process step d. above, conductive windings are formed by electrically con-necting the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces according to the desired winding scheme. For that purpose, an electrical contact is provided between the first or the second end of a given formed with the first or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece.
[0115] Before forming these contacts, the process may comprise the process step of radially separating the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces (= necking process) of to allow a better axial access to the twisting tool in the subsequent twisting step. In this necking process the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces may be radially shaped by a forming tool to create sufficient distance between them.
[0116] After this separation, the first and the second end of each formed conductor wire piece of the assembly, preferably the first end the second end of each formed conductor wire piece having the shape of a hairpin, are twisted according to the requirement of the desired winding scheme, so that the first or the second end of one formed conductor wire piece comes into close contact with the first or the second end of another formed conductor wire piece (= twisting process) . To achieve such a contact, the first leg of a given formed conductor wire piece is bonded into the direction in which the first or the second leg of the formed conductor wire piece with which the given formed conductor wire piece is to be connected and vice versa. When bending the ends of the formed conductor wire pieces in such a way, preferably an S-shaped structure of the ends is obtained. In this context it is particularly preferred that, after the formed conductor wire pieces are arranged in the cylindrical stator core, the formed conductor wire pieces are twisted in such a way that two connecting ends of different hairpins represent adjacent connecting ends (see Fig. 5) . For the purposes of the invention, adjacent connection ends are understood to be two connection ends that are nearest neighbors to each other and may even be adjacent to each other, i.e. may be in mechanical contact with each other as disclosed, for example, in DE 10 2017 201 533 A1 or in DE 2019 219 683 A1.
[0117] After the formed conductor wire pieces have been twisted as described above, the respective adjacent connection ends are electrically conductively connected to each other, e.g. by soldering, by welding or, which is also conceivable, by mechanical plug-in connections. It is particularly preferred to melt the surfaces of the copper ends by absorption of laser power and to then bind them together in the subsequent cooling process (Laser-welding) . If the adjacent connection ends have been connected to each other in an electrically conductive manner, they may subsequently be provided with an anti-corrosive insulation according to the invention, whereby the anti-cor-rosive insulation exclusively covers the connection ends.
[0118] To realize phase jumps and the winding connection, the process for producing an assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire piece preferably comprises, as a further process step, the connection of switching elements or assemblies to the windings. This process is usually also carried out by a Laser-welding process. Examples of interconnection elements are contact rings, jumpers and terminals. A process for providing such connections is, for example, disclosed in DE 10 2018 009 206 A1.
[0119] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by an assembly, preferably by a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction, that is obtain-able by that process.
[0120] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by electric machines comprising a stator in a hairpin construction obtainable by the process for producing a stator for electric machines in a hairpin construction and a rotor that is located in the inner cylindrical space of the stator.
[0121] The electric machine according to the invention can also include a motor housing. The motor housing encloses the electrical machine. In particular, the stator is accommodated in the motor housing and fixed in a rotationally fixed manner relative to it. A motor housing can also accom-modate the control and power electronics. The motor housing can also be part of a cooling sys-tem for the electrical machine and designed in such a way that cooling fluid is supplied via the motor housing to the electrical machine, in particular to the stator and cooling ducts present in the stator, and / or the heat is dissipated to the outside via the housing surfaces. In addition, the motor housing protects the electrical machine and any electronics that may be present from ex-ternal influences. A motor housing can be formed in particular from a metallic material. Advan-tageously, the motor housing can be formed from a cast metal material, such as gray cast iron or cast steel. In principle, it is also conceivable to form the motor housing entirely or partially from a plastic.
[0122] A contribution to solving at least one of the objects according to the invention is also made by a device comprising moving parts driven by such an electric machine. The electric machine is intended in particular for use within a drive train of a hybrid or all-electric motor vehicle. In particular, the electric machine may be dimensioned in such a way that vehicle speeds of more than 50 km / h, preferably more than 80 km / h and in particular more than 100 km / h can be achieved. The electric machine particularly preferably has a power of more than 30 kW, prefer-ably more than 50 kW and in particular more than 70 kW. Furthermore, it is preferred that the electric machine provides speeds greater than 5,000 rpm, particularly preferably greater than 10,000 rpm, very particularly preferably greater than 12,500 rpm.
[0123] The electrical machine can be installed in an electrically operable final drive train. An electric final drive train of a motor vehicle includes an electric machine and a transmission, the electric machine and the transmission forming a structural unit. Provision can in particular be made for the electric machine and the transmission to be arranged in a common drive train housing. Al-ternatively, it would of course also be possible for the electric machine to have a motor housing and the gearbox to have a gearbox housing, in which case the structural unit can then be affected by fixing the gearbox in relation to the electric machine. This structural unit is sometimes also referred to as the E-axis.
[0124] For the purposes of this application, motor vehicles are land vehicles that are moved by machine power without being tied to railroad tracks. A motor vehicle can be selected, for example, from the group of passenger cars (cars) , trucks (lorries) , mopeds, light motor vehicles, motorcycles, buses (COM) or tractors.
[0125] Figures
[0126] The figures serve to exemplify the present invention, and should not be viewed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the figures are not drawn to scale.
[0127] Fig. 1 shows a formed conductor wire piece 100 having the shape of a hairpin obtainable by the process according to the present invention.
[0128] Fig. 2 shows an assembly 200 in the form of a basket of a formed conductor wire pieces 100, each formed conductor wire piece 100 having the shape of a hairpin, obtainable by the process for the production of an assembly according to the present invention, before it is placed into the slots 303 of a laminated stator core 300 as shown in Fig. 3.
[0129] Fig. 3 shows the side-view of a laminated stator core 300, into which the formed conductor wire pieces 100 obtainable by the process according to the present invention or into which one or more assemblies 200 of such formed conductor wire pieces 100 can be introduced for the for-mation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400.
[0130] Fig. 4 shows a top-view of such a laminated stator core 300.
[0131] Fig. 5 shows the connected ends of the formed conductor wire pieces 100 obtainable by the process according to the present invention after the have been bend in opposing directions.
[0132] Fig. 6 shows a stator in a hairpin construction 400 that can be produced by means of the process for the preparation of an assembly according to the present invention.
[0133] Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a feeding device 500 according to the present invention.
[0134] Fig. 8 shows a front view of a particular embodiment of a feeding device 500 according to the present invention, wherein the upper and the lower feeding element each comprise two revolving conveyor belts.
[0135] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the feeding device 500 shown in Fig. 8.
[0136] Fig. 10 is a back view of the feeding device 500 shown in Fig. 8, showing a suitable device 512 to adjust the height of the upper and lower feeding element 504, 505.
[0137] Description of figures
[0138] Fig. 1 shows a formed conductor wire piece 100 having the shape of a hairpin as it is obtainable by the process according to the present invention. The hairpin is preferably a copper hairpin comprising an insulation on the outer surface (indicated by the black colour) . The hairpin com-prises two substantially parallel legs 101 and 103, the first leg 101 having a first end 102 and the second leg 103 having a second end 104, wherein at the first end 102 and at the second end 104 the insulation is preferably removed (indicated by the grey color) . The copper wire used for forming the hairpin 100 preferably has a rectangular cross-sectional shape with, for example, a width of 3.24 mm and a thickness of 2.84 mm. However, the actual size of the rectangular cross-sectional shape depends, for example, on the size of the stator into which the hairpins are to be introduced and / or the density of the assembly of formed conductor wire pieces that is to be introduced into the slots of the stator. The thickness of the insulation that is applied onto at least a part of the surface of the copper wire can, for example, be in the range from 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm, preferably in the range from 0.03 to 0.07 mm. Preferably, the bridging portion 105 of the hairpins by means of which the two legs 101 and 103 are connected with each other (indicated by the dotted circle in Fig. 1) is curved three-dimensionally so that the two legs 101 and 103 of a given formed conductor wire piece 100 do not lie in a common plane when the outer edges of the cross-sectional areas of these legs 101 and 103 are aligned identically.
[0139] Fig. 2 shows an assembly 200 in the form of a basket of a formed conductor wire pieces 100 having the shape of a hairpin obtainable in process step d. of the process for the production of an assembly according to the present invention, wherein the formed conductor wire pieces 100 are arranged in circles or rings 202, 203, wherein in case of two or more of such circles these rings are formed in a concentric arrangement. Such an assembly of formed conductor wire pieces can be placed into the slots 303 of a laminated stator core 300 as shown in Fig. 3 for the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400. Each circle or ring 202, 203 forms a conductive winding when at the end of the process for the preparation of an assembly the ends 102 and 104 of the hairpins are connected with each other in a well-defined manner. As shown in Fig. 2, the formed conductor wire pieces 100 are arranged relative to each other in such a way that the first end 102 and the further end 104 of each of these formed conductor wire pieces is orientated in basically the same direction. In this context it is also preferred that the first ends 102 and the further ends 104 of all of these formed conductor wire pieces 100 are basically located in the same plane 201 (this plane being indicated by means of a dotted circle at the bottom of the assembly) . On the opposite side of the assembly bridging portion 105 of the hairpins by means of which the two legs 101 and 103 of a given hairpin are connected with each other may also be located substan-tially in a same plane.
[0140] Fig. 3 shows the side-view of a laminated cylindrical stator core 300 into which the formed conductor wire pieces 100 obtainable by the process according to the present invention or into which an assembly 200 of such formed conductor wire pieces 100, as it is shown in Fig. 2, can be introduced for the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400. The cylindrical stator core 300 comprises an outer perimeter surface 301 and an inner perimeter surface 302 with a plurality of slots 303 formed between the inner perimeter surface 302 and the outer perimeter surface 301, the inner perimeter surface 302 defining an inner cylindrical space 306 (shown in Fig. 4) that extends in an axial direction within the stator 300, wherein the first and the second legs 101 and 103 of the formed conductor wire pieces 100 are introduced into the slots 303 of the cylindrical stator core 300. The cylindrical stator core 300 shown in Fig. 3 is formed from a large number of stacked electrical laminations 304, each of the electrical laminations 304 being closed to form a circular ring. The cylindrical stator core 300 comprises individual stator teeth 305, with each individual stator core teeth 305 being formed from a large number of stacked electrical laminations 304. Stator core teeth 305 are components of the stator core 300 which are designed as circumferentially spaced, teeth-like radially inwardly directed parts of the stator body, wherein the free space between two adjacent teeth 305 form slots 303 into which the formed conductor wire pieces 100 can be introduced as described above.
[0141] Fig. 4 shows a top view of a laminated stator core 300 similar to the one shown in Fig. 3. As can be seen in Fig. 4, depending on the width of the slots 303, each slot 303 can accommodate a certain number m of legs 101 and 103 of the formed conductor wire pieces 100 (in Fig. 4 m is 6) .
[0142] Fig. 5 shows the connected ends 102 and 104 of the formed conductor wire pieces in an assembly that may be obtained by the process according to the present invention after they have been twisted in opposing directions. For the formation of a stator in a hairpin construction 400, the first end 102 and the second end 104 of each formed conductor wire piece 100 that has been introduced into the slots 303 of a cylindrical stator core 300 is twisted in such a way that an S-shaped form of the ends is obtained, wherein the first end 102 of a given formed conductor wire piece 100 (hairpin) is twisted in one direction and the further end 104 is twisted in the opposite direction so that the first end 102 of a one formed conductor wire piece 100 comes to rest next to the second end 104 of another formed conductor wire piece 100. The ends 102 and 104 thus brought into close proximity are then connected to each other, for example, by Laser-welding. If this process is carried out for all the formed conductor wire pieces 100 within a given circle 202, 203 of the circularly arranged formed conductor wire pieces 100, electrically conductive winding is obtained in the cylindrical stator core 300.
[0143] Fig. 6 shows a stator in a hairpin construction 400 that can be produced by means of the process for the preparation of an assembly according to the present invention. The stator 400 comprises a stator core 300 into which the assembly 200 of formed conductor wire pieces 100, preferably the assembly of formed conductor wire pieces 100 having the shape of a hairpin, has been intro-duced and in which the ends 102 and 104 of each hairpin have been twisted and connected as described above. The stator 400 further comprises connections 401 to enable electric contact of the respective windings of the stator 400.
[0144] Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a particular embodiment of a feeding device 500 according to the present invention. As can be seen in Fig. 7, the feeding device 500 comprises an upper feed-ing element 504 and a lower feeding element 505, wherein the conductor wire 501 (which pref-erably is a copper wire) to be fed by the feeding device is disposed between the upper feeding element 504 and the lower feeding element 505. Each of the feeding elements 504, 505 comprises a plurality of contact blocks 506, wherein at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks 506 of the upper feeding element 504 forms a part of the first feeding surface 502 and at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks 506 of the lower feeding element 505 forms a part of the further feeding surface 503. As can also be seen in Fig. 7, the plurality of contact blocks 506 of the upper feeding element 504 are fixed next to each other to at least one upper revolving conveyor belt 507 that continuously transports the contact blocks 506 of the upper feeding element 504. The plurality of contact blocks 506 of the lower feeding element 505 are accordingly fixed next to each other to at least one lower revolving conveyor belt 508 that continuously transports the contact blocks 506 of the lower feeding element 505. The part of the surface of the contact blocks 506 of the upper feeding element 504 that forms a part of the first feeding surface 502 is the surface of each contact block 506 that faces away from the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt 507 on which the contact block 506 is fixed (indicated by the small upper dotted line in the centre of Fig. 7) . Accordingly, the part of the surface of the contact blocks 506 of the lower feeding element 505 that forms a part of the further feeding surface 503 is the surface of each contact block 506 that faces away from the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt 508 on which the contact block 506 is fixed (indicated by the small lower dotted line in the centre of Fig. 7) . As the upper revolving conveyor belt 507 and the lower revolving conveyor belt 508 rotate in opposite directions, in the area in which the contact blocks 506 of the upper feeding element 504 come into close contact with the contact blocks 506 of the lower feeding element 505 to friction-lock the conductor wire 501 the upper and lower contact blocks 506 to move in the same direction so as to guide the conductor wire in that direction (indicated by the not-filled arrow on the left side of the conductor wire 501. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 each contact block 506 is mounted on at least one support roller 510 which slides over a carrier element 509 during the transport of the contact block 506 by the at least one upper re-volving conveyor belt 507 or the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt 508. In this context it may also be advantageous if the lower part 506b of each contact block 506 that comes into contact with the support roller 510 is made of a harder material whereas the upper part 506a of each contact block 506 that comes into contact with the conductor wire 501 is made of a softer material so as to avoid any damage on the electrical insulation during transport of the conductor wire 501.
[0145] Fig. 8 shows a front view of a particular embodiment of a feeding device 500 according to the present invention and Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of that feeding device 500. As can be seen in Fig. 8, the upper and the lower feeding element 504, 505 each may comprise two revolving conveyor belts 507, 508. According to the embodiment shown in that figure, each contact block 506 is mounted on a two support rollers 510. The contact blocks 506 as well as the two corre-sponding support rollers 10 are attached to the corresponding revolving conveyor belt 507, 508 by means of a fixing element 511.
[0146] Fig. 10 is a back view of a feeding device 500 according to the present invention, showing a suitable device 512 to adjust the height of the upper and lower feeding element 504, 505. As shown in that figure, the device 512 to adjust the height of the upper and lower feeding element 504, 505 can be a simple turntable 512 provided with two recesses 513 adapted and arranged in such a way that protruding bolts 514 on the back of the upper and lower feeding elements 504, 505 can protrude into the recesses 513. The recesses 513 are arranged opposite each other on the edge of the turntable 512 and may have a curved shape corresponding to the curvature of the turntable 512, so that turning the turntable 512 in a certain direction moves the upper feeding element 504 up or down in one direction and the lower feeding element 505 in the opposite direction.
[0147] Reference List
[0148] 100 formed conductor wire piece (hairpin)
[0149] 101 first leg of the formed conductor wire piece 100
[0150] 102 first end of the formed conductor wire piece 100
[0151] 103 second leg of the formed conductor wire piece 100
[0152] 104 second end of the formed conductor wire piece 100
[0153] 105 bridging portion of formed conductor wire piece 100 by means of which legs 101 and 103 are connected
[0154] 200 assembly of a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces 100
[0155] 201 plane in which the ends 102, 104 of the first and second leg 101, 103 of each formed conductor wire piece 100 are located
[0156] 202 first circle of assembled formed conductor wire pieces 100
[0157] 203 second circle of assembled formed conductor wire pieces 100
[0158] 300 cylindrical stator core
[0159] 301 outer perimeter surface
[0160] 302 inner perimeter surface
[0161] 303 slot
[0162] 304 electrical lamination layer
[0163] 305 tooth
[0164] 400 stator in hairpin construction
[0165] 401 connections
[0166] 500 feeding device
[0167] 501 copper wire
[0168] 502 first feeding surface / part of surface of contact block 506 of upper feeding element 504 503 further feeding surface / part of surface of contact block 506 of lower feeding element 505
[0169] 504 upper feeding element
[0170] 505 lower feeding element
[0171] 506 contact block
[0172] 506a upper part of contact block 506
[0173] 506b lower part of contact block 506
[0174] 507 carrier element
[0175] 508 upper revolving conveyor belt
[0176] 509 lower revolving conveyor belt
[0177] 510 support roller
[0178] 511 fixing element
[0179] 512 device for adjusting the height of the upper and lower feeding element 513 recess in the device 512
[0180] 514 protruding bolts 514 on the back of the upper and lower feeding elements 504,505
Claims
1.A process for producing a formed conductor wire piece (100) , the process comprising the process steps:a) providing a conductor wire (501) ,- wherein the conductor wire (501) has a conductor wire surface,- wherein the conductor wire surface is to at least 50%coated with an elec-trical insulation;b) separating the conductor wire (501) to obtain a longitudinal conductor wire piece,- wherein the longitudinal conductor wire piece comprises a first end (102) and a second end (104) ;c) forming the longitudinal conductor wire piece to a formed conductor wire piece (100) that comprises a first leg (101) with the first end (102) , a second leg (103) with the second end (104) and a bridging portion (105) that connects the first leg (101) and the second leg (103) ;wherein the provision of the conductor wire (501) in process step a) is accomplished by means of a feeding device (500) ,- wherein the feeding device (500) comprises a first feeding surface (502) and a further feeding surface (503) ;- wherein the conductor wire (501) is disposed between the first feeding surface (502) and the further feeding surface (503) ;- wherein the first feeding surface (502) and the further feeding surface (503) are adapted and arranged to transport the conductor wire (501) by contacting the con-ductor wire (501) ;characterized in that the first feeding surface (502) and the further feeding surface (503) move in the same direction while being in contact with the conductor wire (501) , thereby conveying the conductor wire (501) in that direction.2.The process according to claim 1, wherein the first feeding surface (502) and the further feeding surface (503) move for a distance L of at least 5 cm in the same direction while being in contact with the conductor wire (501) .3.The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the feeding device (500) comprises an upper feeding element (504) and a lower feeding element (505) , wherein the conductor wire (501) is disposed between the upper feeding element (504) and the lower feeding element (505) and wherein each of the feeding elements (504, 505) comprises a plurality of contact blocks (506) , at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks (506) of the upper feeding element (504) forming a part of the first feeding surface (502) and at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks (506) of the lower feeding element (505) forming a part of the further feeding surface (503) .4.The process according to claim 3, wherein- the plurality of contact blocks (506) of the upper feeding element (504) are fixed next to each other to at least one upper revolving conveyor belt (507) that contin-uously transports the contact blocks (506) of the upper feeding element (504) ;- the plurality of contact blocks (506) of the lower feeding element (505) are fixed next to each other to at least one lower revolving conveyor belt (508) that contin-uously transports the contact blocks (506) of the lower feeding element (505) ;- the part of the surface of the contact blocks (506) of the upper feeding element (504) forming a part of the first feeding surface (502) is the surface of each con-tact block (506) that faces away from the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt (507) on which the contact block (506) is fixed;- the part of the surface of the contact blocks (506) of the lower feeding element (505) forming a part of the further feeding surface (503) is the surface of each contact block (506) that faces away from the at least one lower revolving con-veyor belt (508) on which the contact block (506) is fixed;wherein the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt (507) and the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt (508) rotate in opposite directions.5.The process according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the contact blocks (506) on the upper feeding element (504) and on the lower feeding element (505) are adapted and arranged to friction-lock the conductor wire (501) and to transport the conductor wire (501) for-wards.6.The process according to any of claims 3 to 5, wherein each contact block (506) is mounted on at least one support roller (510) which slides over a carrier element (509) during the transport of the contact block (506) by the at least one upper revolving con-veyor belt (507) or the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt (508) .7.A process for producing an assembly (200) of formed conductor wire pieces (100) , the process comprising the process steps:a) -c) providing a plurality of formed conductor wire pieces (100) , each formed con-ductor wire piece (100) being produced by a process according to any of claim 1 to 6;d) arranging the formed conductor wire pieces (100) of this plurality of formed conductor wire pieces (100) relative to each other to obtain an assembly (200) of formed conductor wire pieces (100) , wherein this arrangement is accom-plished in such a way that the legs (101, 103) of the formed conductor wire pieces (100) of this plurality of formed conductor wire pieces (100) are orien-tated in basically the same direction;e) providing an electrical contact between the first end (102) or the second end (104) of a given of formed conductor wire piece (100) and the first end (102) or the second end (104) of another formed conductor wire piece (100) .8.A feeding device (500) for continuously providing a conductor wire (501) , comprising- a first feeding surface (502) and a further feeding surface (503) ,- wherein the conductor wire (501) can be disposed between the first feeding sur-face (502) and the further feeding surface (503) ;- wherein the first feeding surface (502) and the further feeding surface (503) are adapted and arranged to transport the conductor wire (501) by contacting the con-ductor wire (501) ;characterized in that the first feeding surface (502) and the further feeding surface (503) are adapted to move in the same direction while being in contact with the con-ductor wire (501) , thereby conveying the conductor wire (501) in that direction.9.The feeding device (500) according to claim 8, wherein the first feeding surface (502) and the further feeding surface (503) are arranged and adapted to move for a distance L of at least 5 cm in the same direction while being in contact with the conductor wire (501) .10.The feeding device (500) according claim 8 or 9, wherein the feeding device (500) comprises an upper feeding element (504) and a lower feeding element (505) , wherein the conductor wire (501) can be disposed between the upper feeding element (504) and the lower feeding element (505) and wherein each of the feeding elements (504, 505) comprises a plurality of contact blocks (506) , at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks (506) of the upper feeding element (504) forming a part of the first feed-ing surface (502) and at least a part of the surface of each of the contact blocks (506) of the lower feeding element (505) forming a part of the further feeding surface (503) .11.The feeding device (500) according to claim 10, wherein- the plurality of contact blocks (506) of the upper feeding element (504) are fixed next to each other to at least one upper revolving conveyor belt (507) that contin-uously transports the contact blocks (506) of the upper feeding element (504) ;- the plurality of contact blocks (506) of the lower feeding element (505) are fixed next to each other to at least one lower revolving conveyor belt (508) that contin-uously transports the contact blocks (506) of the lower feeding element (505) ;- the part of the surface of the contact blocks (506) of the upper feeding element (504) forming a part of the first feeding surface (502) is the surface of each con-tact block (506) that faces away from the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt (507) on which the contact block (506) is fixed;- the part of the surface of the contact blocks (506) of the lower feeding element (505) forming a part of the further feeding surface (503) is the surface of each contact block (506) that faces away from the at least one lower revolving con-veyor belt (508) on which the contact block (506) is fixed;wherein the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt (507) and the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt (508) are adapted and arranged to rotate in opposite directions.12.The feeding device (500) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the contact blocks (506) on the upper feeding element (504) and on the lower feeding element (505) are adapted and arranged to friction-lock the conductor wire (501) and to transport the conductor wire forwards (501) .13.The feeding device (500) according to any of claims 10 to 12, wherein each contact block (506) is mounted on at least one support roller (510) which is adapted and ar-ranged to slide over a carrier element (509) during the transport of the contact block (506) by the at least one upper revolving conveyor belt (507) or the at least one lower revolving conveyor belt (508) .14.The feeding device (500) according to any of claims 10 to 13, wherein the height of at least one of the upper feeding element (504) and the lower feeding element (505) in the feeding device (500) can be adjusted so to also adjust the friction applied to the con-ductor wire (501) by the contact blocks (506) .15.Use of a feeding device (500) according to any of claims 8 to 14 in a process for the production of a formed conductor wire piece (100) according to any of claims 1 to 6 or in a process for the production of an assembly (200) of formed conductor wire pieces (100) according to claim 7.
Citation Information
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