Electronic device

Abstract

The present application provides an electronic device. A first side edge of a bezel is opposite to and spaced apart from a second ground plane edge of a reference ground plane; a radiator is arranged on the first side edge of the bezel; the radiator is spaced apart from the reference ground plane along the second ground plane edge of the reference ground plane; the radiator comprises a first free end, a feed point, at least one grounding point, and a second free end; the grounding point is electrically connected to the reference ground plane; a signal source is electrically connected to the feed point; the signal source is used for exciting the radiator and the reference ground plane to jointly form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band; the first resonance mode comprises a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band and formed in a direction parallel to the top edge of the bezel on the reference ground plane; a main lobe of an antenna assembly in the first resonance mode is directed at least to the top edge side of the bezel. The performance of radiation towards the top edge of the electronic device is improved.

Description

electronic devices

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on March 22, 2024, with application number 2024103387518 and application name “Electronic Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] When mobile phones and other electronic devices are connecting to signals, the radiation direction of the antenna's main lobe has a significant impact on the antenna's performance. Therefore, how to design the antenna's radiation direction to improve the performance of the antenna radiating toward the top edge of the electronic device has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides an electronic device for improving antenna performance radiating toward a top edge.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a frame, a reference floor, and an antenna assembly, wherein the frame is disposed around the reference floor and includes a top edge, a first side edge, a bottom edge, and a second side edge that are connected to each other; and the antenna assembly includes:

[0006] a radiator, the radiator being disposed on the first side, the radiator being spaced apart along the second floor edge, the radiator comprising a first free end, a feeding point, at least one grounding point, and a second free end, the grounding point being electrically connected to the reference floor; and

[0007] A signal source electrically connected to the feeding point, the signal source being used to excite the radiator and the reference floor to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band and a second resonant mode supporting a second frequency band; the first resonant mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band on the reference floor in a direction parallel to the edge of the first floor, and the main lobe of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode is at least directed to the top side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments.

[0009] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0010] FIG2 is a partially exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] FIG3 is a partial schematic diagram of the back cover side of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] FIG4 is a partial schematic diagram of an antenna assembly and a reference floor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application in a first resonant mode;

[0014] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application in a second resonant mode;

[0015] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, including a first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit;

[0016] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application in an open circuit state;

[0018] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the first tuning circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is a grounded capacitor and the second tuning circuit is a grounded inductor;

[0019] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit including a matching switch and a matching branch provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna assembly and a second antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit break between the first grounding point and the second grounding point of a radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the first grounding point and the second grounding point of the radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a relative position of a radiator on a reference floor provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG16 is an S-parameter curve of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode formed by the signal source exciting the radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG17 is a curve showing the radiation efficiency and total efficiency of the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode formed by the radiator excited by the signal source provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG18 is a left-handed circularly polarized pattern of the first resonant mode formed by the signal source exciting the radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG19 is a left-handed circularly polarized pattern of a second resonant mode formed by a radiator excited by a signal source provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG20 is a left-hand circularly polarized 3D pattern of an electronic device in a head-hand scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG21 is a left-handed circularly polarized 2D pattern of an antenna assembly in an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application operating in the Tiantong transmit frequency band;

[0030] FIG22 is a left-handed circularly polarized 2D pattern of an antenna assembly in an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application operating in the Tiantong receiving frequency band;

[0031] FIG23 is a hotspot distribution diagram of SAR of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application in a head-hand scenario.

[0032] Description of the accompanying drawings: electronic device 1000; antenna assembly 100; display screen 200; middle frame 300; back cover 400; middle plate 310; frame 320; top edge 321; Bottom edge 322; first side edge 323; second side edge 324; reference floor 500; main board 600; battery 700; first floor current I1; first resonant current I2; first tuning branch T11; first switch K1; second switch K2; second tuning branch T21; first floor edge 511; second floor edge 512; third floor edge 513; fourth floor edge 514; radiator 10; signal source 20; first free end A; feeding point B; grounding point C; second free end D; matching circuit M1; matching switch M11; matching branch M12; first tuning circuit T1; second tuning circuit T2; grounding capacitor C0; grounding inductor L0; first antenna assembly 100a; second antenna assembly 100b; switch unit 40; first grounding point C1; second grounding point C2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in this application are only some embodiments, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it necessarily refer to mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiments to other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0035] The terms "first," "second," and so on, in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a component or device comprising one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but may optionally include one or more parts that are not listed but are inherent to the illustrated product, or one or more parts that should be present based on the described functionality.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, computer, wearable device, drone, robot, digital camera, and other devices with communication functions. This embodiment of the present application uses a mobile phone as an example, and other electronic devices can refer to this embodiment.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a partially exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100. The operating environment of the antenna assembly 100 will be described using a mobile phone as an example. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a middle frame 300, and a back cover 400, which are arranged in sequence along the thickness direction. The middle frame 300 includes a middle plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the middle plate 310. The frame 320 can be a conductive frame. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not include the middle plate 310. The display screen 200, the middle plate 310, and the back cover 400 are stacked in sequence. A storage space is formed between the display screen 200 and the middle plate 310, and between the middle plate 310 and the back cover 400 to accommodate components such as the motherboard 600, the camera module, the receiver module, the battery 700, and various sensors. One side of the frame 320 is connected to the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame 320 is connected to the edge of the back cover 400, thereby forming a complete external structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame 320 and the middle plate 310 are integrally formed. The frame 320 and the back cover 400 can also be separate structures. The above describes the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 using a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of the present application is not limited to the above working environment.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 3, which shows a back view of the electronic device 1000. The frame 320 includes a top edge 321 and a bottom edge 322 that are arranged opposite to each other, as well as a first side edge 323 and a second side edge 324 connected to the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322. The top edge 321 is the side away from the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode, and the bottom edge 322 is the side facing the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The first side edge 323 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The second side edge 324 is the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. Of course, the first side edge 323 can also be the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The second side edge 324 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode.

[0039] Optionally, referring to FIG3 , the electronic device 1000 includes a reference floor 500. A frame 320 is provided around the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 is provided within the frame 320. The reference floor 500 is roughly rectangular in shape. Because components are provided in the mobile phone as needed or other structures are avoided, various slots, holes, etc. are provided on the reference floor 500 of the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 includes but is not limited to the metal alloy portion of the middle plate 310 and the reference ground metal portion of the circuit board (including the main board 600 and the sub-board). Roughly speaking, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 can be equivalent to a roughly rectangular shape, so it is called the reference floor 500. Among them, the reference floor 500 does not indicate that the reference ground is in the shape of a plate and is a rectangular plate.

[0040] Referring to Figure 3 , the reference floor panel 500 includes a first floor panel edge 511, a second floor panel edge 512, a third floor panel edge 513, and a fourth floor panel edge 514, which are sequentially connected. The first floor panel edge 511 is spaced apart from and opposite to the top panel edge 321. The second floor panel edge 512 is spaced apart from and opposite to the first side panel edge 323. The third floor panel edge 513 is spaced apart from and opposite to the bottom panel edge 322. The fourth floor panel edge 514 is spaced apart from and opposite to the second side panel edge 324.

[0041] Optionally, the length of the first floor edge 511 is approximately equal to or the same as the length of the third floor edge 513. The length of the second floor edge 512 is approximately equal to or the same as the length of the fourth floor edge 514. The first floor edge 511 and the third floor edge 513 are the short sides of the reference floor 500. The second floor edge 512 and the fourth floor edge 514 are the long sides of the reference floor 500.

[0042] The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Referring to FIG. 3 , the antenna assembly 100 includes a radiator 10 and a signal source 20 .

[0044] This application does not impose any specific restrictions on the material of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the material of the first radiator 10 is a conductive material, including but not limited to metals, alloys, and other conductive materials. This application does not impose any specific restrictions on the shape of the first radiator 10. For example, the shape of the first radiator 10 includes but is not limited to strips, sheets, rods, coatings, films, etc. The first radiator 10 shown in Figure 3 is merely an example and does not limit the shape of the first radiator 10 provided in this application. In this embodiment, the first radiators 10 are all strip-shaped. This application does not impose any restrictions on the extension trajectory of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the first radiator 10 can extend along a straight line, a curve, or a bend line. The first radiator 10 can be a line of uniform width along its extension trajectory, or it can be a strip of varying width with a gradient width or a widened area.

[0045] This application does not specifically limit the form of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the first radiator 10 may be in the form of a metal frame 320, a metal frame embedded in the plastic frame 320, a metal radiator 10 located within or on the surface of the frame 320, a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) antenna formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a laser direct structured antenna using laser direct structure (LDS), a printed direct structured antenna using print direct structure (PDS), a conductive sheet antenna (e.g., a metal bracket antenna), etc. In this embodiment, the first radiator 10 is taken as a portion of the metal frame 320 of the electronic device 1000.

[0046] 3 , the radiators 10 are disposed on the first side edge 323 . The extending direction of the radiators 10 is the same as the extending direction of the first side edge 323 . The radiators 10 are spaced apart along the second floor edge 512 .

[0047] The head-hand satellite communication mode is a communication mode in which the operator holds the handheld electronic device 1000 near the head. In this mode, since the antenna on the top edge 321 is located close to the head, it is easily affected by the head dielectric loading, resulting in detuning (frequency deviation), severe efficiency reduction, or even failure to transmit and receive satellite signals. The radiator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is located on the first side edge 323, is relatively far away from the head. For example, the distance from the center of the head is greater than 5 cm. The head dielectric loading has little or no effect on the radiator 10 on the first side edge 323, so that the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can also operate normally in the head-hand satellite communication mode.

[0048] In addition, the antenna at top edge 321 is close to the human head in head-to-hand satellite communication mode, which poses a risk of exceeding the SAR (human specific absorption rate). However, the radiator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is located relatively far away from the human head, reducing the risk of exceeding the SAR.

[0049] Optionally, when the number of antenna assemblies 100 set in the electronic device 1000 is one, the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 can be set on the right side of the rear view of the electronic device 1000, so that the operator can have better satellite communication performance when holding the electronic device 1000 in the right hand to conduct satellite calls.

[0050] 3 , the radiator 10 includes a first free end A, a feeding point B, at least one grounding point C, and a second free end D.

[0051] The free end in this application refers to an end that is disconnected from other conductive parts on the frame 320 by an insulating gap and is not electrically connected to the reference ground 500. In order to ensure the structural strength of the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000, the above-mentioned insulating gap is filled with an insulating material.

[0052] The grounding point C is electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. The grounding point C herein refers to the location electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. Electrical connection methods include, but are not limited to, direct or indirect electrical connection. For example, the grounding point C is grounded via a grounding spring. For another example, the grounding point C of the first radiator 10 is integrally connected to a portion of the reference ground plane 500, i.e., physically grounded.

[0053] 3 , in this embodiment, the first free end A is closer to the top edge 321 than the second free end D. In other embodiments, the second free end D is closer to the top edge 321 than the first free end A.

[0054] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the first signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feed point B. The first signal source 20 includes, but is not limited to, a radio frequency transceiver chip, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the first signal source 20 is provided on the mainboard 600. The electrical connection method between the first signal source 20 and the feed point B includes, but is not limited to, indirect connection via a coaxial line, a conductive spring, etc. Specifically, the first signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feed point B via a feed spring (conductive spring) provided on the mainboard 600.

[0055] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. The antenna assembly 100 also includes a matching circuit M1. The matching circuit M1 is electrically connected between the first signal source 20 and the feeding point B. The matching circuit M1 and the first signal source 20 can be connected via a coaxial cable, and the matching circuit M1 and the feeding point B are electrically connected via a feeding spring (conductive spring). The matching circuit M1 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. The matching circuit M1 facilitates the excitation of a resonant mode on the radiator 10 by adjusting the impedance matching between the first signal source 20 and the first radiator 10. Furthermore, the matching circuit M1 can also include a matching switch M11 and a plurality of matching branches M12 electrically connected to the matching switch. The matching switch M11 switches different matching branches M12 to achieve switching of the frequency band supported by the first radiator 10 or impedance matching when switching different signals supported by the first radiator 10 (Tiantong satellite band or mobile communication band).

[0056] The first signal source 20 is used to excite the radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band. Specifically, the first signal source 20 provides an RF excitation current to excite a resonant current in the radiator 10 and a floor current in the reference floor 500, thereby forming a resonant mode supporting the frequency band corresponding to the resonant current.

[0057] Optionally, the first frequency band includes but is not limited to Tiantong satellite band, Beidou satellite band, GPS band, LB band (less than 1 GHz), MHB band [1 GHz-3 GHz), and UHB band [above 3 GHz].

[0058] Referring to FIG. 5 , the first resonant mode includes a half-wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band formed on the reference floor 500 in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 (top edge 321). The main lobe of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode is directed at least toward the top edge 321.

[0059] The main lobe refers to the largest radiation beam in the pattern. The top edge 321 side refers to the range within which the angle formed with the Y-axis direction is 45 degrees.

[0060] Specifically, the electrical length of the reference floor 500 in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band. The closeness mentioned herein means fluctuating by 1 / 10 wavelength.

[0061] The electrical length described in this application can satisfy the following formula:

[0062] Where L is the physical length, a is the propagation time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the propagation time in a free space.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 5. In the first resonant mode, the signal source 20 and the radiator 10 are equivalent to exciters, which excite the reference floor 500 to form a resonant mode. The resonant current of this resonant mode is the first floor current I1, which mainly includes a 1 / 2 wavelength current supporting the first frequency band formed in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511.

[0064] At this time, please refer to Figure 5. The reference floor 500 is similar to a dipole antenna. Since the reference floor 500 is long in the length direction, the reference floor 500 forms radiation energy toward the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322. Therefore, the main lobe (such as Q1 in Figure 5) of the radiation pattern of the antenna component 100 in the first resonant mode is at least directed to the side of the top edge 321, which facilitates the electronic device 1000 to establish a signal connection with the remote space device at the top when the antenna component 100 operates in the satellite frequency band or the GPS frequency band, thereby improving the antenna performance of the antenna component 100 radiating toward the top edge 321 (upward).

[0065] The electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application is designed to have a radiator 10 disposed on the first side edge 323, and the radiator 10 is spaced apart along the second floor edge 512. The radiator 10 includes a first free end A, a feeding point B, at least one grounding point C, and a second free end D, and the grounding point C is electrically connected to the reference floor 500; a signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point B, and the signal source 20 is used to excite the radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band and a second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band; the first resonant mode includes a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band formed in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 on the reference floor 500, and the main lobe of the antenna assembly 100 in the directional pattern in the first resonant mode points at least to the top edge 321 side, thereby improving the antenna performance of the antenna assembly 100 radiating toward the top edge 321 (upward), and facilitating the electronic device 1000 to establish a signal connection with the remote space device on the top when the antenna assembly 100 operates in the satellite frequency band or the GPS frequency band.

[0066] The signal source 20 is further configured to excite the radiator 10 to form a second resonance mode supporting a second frequency band.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 6 , the second resonant mode includes a half-wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band formed on the radiator 10. The main lobe (e.g., Q2 in FIG. 6 ) of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode is directed at least toward the first side 323 . The first side 323 is defined as being within a range of 45° with respect to the -X axis.

[0068] Specifically, the electrical length of radiator 10 is close to half the wavelength of the center frequency of the second frequency band, which encourages radiator 10 to generate a resonant current I2 supporting the half-wavelength mode of the second frequency band under the excitation of first signal source 20. The current in the second resonant mode flows from one end of radiator 10 to the other, with essentially no ground current. A current flows in the opposite direction and parallel to radiator 10 on second floor edge 512 of reference floor 500. At this time, reference floor 500 reflects the radiated energy, so the directional pattern of antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode points in a direction including toward first side edge 323.

[0069] In other words, the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can form a directional pattern radiating toward the top edge 321, and can also form a directional pattern radiating toward the first side edge 323, so as to realize directional pattern reconstruction. When establishing a signal connection, the radiation direction can be adjusted by switching the directional pattern while the position of the electronic device 1000 is not moving, thereby quickly realizing signal connection; in addition, it can also form a directional pattern radiating toward the top edge 321 and the first side edge 323, and the radiation range of the directional pattern is larger. In this way, after the electronic device 1000 establishes a signal connection with the remote space device, the stability of the signal connection can be ensured when the orientation of the electronic device 1000 moves within a certain range.

[0070] The electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application is designed such that the radiator 10 is arranged on the first side 323, and the radiator 10 is spaced apart along the second floor edge 512. The radiator 10 includes a first free end A, a feeding point B, at least one grounding point C and a second free end D, and the grounding point C is electrically connected to the reference floor 500; the signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point B, and the signal source 20 is used to excite the radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band and a second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band; the first resonant mode is included in the reference floor 500 is formed in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 to support a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band, and the main lobe of the antenna component 100 in the directional pattern in the first resonance mode is at least directed to the top edge 321 side; the second resonance mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band on the radiator 10, and the main lobe of the antenna component 100 in the directional pattern in the second resonance mode is directed to at least the first side edge 323 side. In this way, the directional pattern of the electronic device 1000 can be directed to the top edge 321 side and / or the first side edge 323 side, thereby enhancing signal connection and signal connection stability.

[0071] Optionally, the center frequency of the first frequency band is different from the center frequency of the second frequency band. In this embodiment, the center frequency of the first frequency band is less than the center frequency of the second frequency band. In other embodiments, the center frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the center frequency of the second frequency band.

[0072] Referring to FIG. 5 , the first resonant mode forms a sub-resonant mode supporting the first frequency band on the radiator 10 .

[0073] The distance between the first free end A and the ground point C is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, so that the sub-resonance mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band between the first free end A and the ground point C.

[0074] When the number of the grounding points C is two or more, the distance between the first free end A and the closest grounding point C is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band.

[0075] 5 , the resonant current path of the sub-resonant mode includes current flowing from the first free end A and the second free end D to the ground point C.

[0076] The current path of the resonant current supporting the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band (ie, the first floor current I1 ) on the reference floor 500 includes flowing from the grounding point C along a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 to the second side edge 324 .

[0077] Due to the periodicity of the current, the resonant current path of the sub-resonant mode can be reversed, that is, it flows from the grounding point C to the first free end A and the second free end D. At the same time, the direction of the first floor current I1 is also reversed, from the second side 324 along a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 toward the grounding point C.

[0078] This application does not make any specific limitation on the size and relative relationship of the first frequency band and the second frequency band, which are illustrated below through several embodiments.

[0079] Optionally, the first frequency band and the second frequency band form a continuous frequency band. A continuous frequency band means that the return loss of the first frequency band and the second frequency band are both below a reference value (e.g., -5dB). The antenna assembly 100 has high impedance matching within the continuous frequency band, thereby having high efficiency. The continuous frequency band covers the Tiantong satellite frequency band, so the antenna assembly 100 can support the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0080] Specifically, the operating frequency band of the Tiantong satellite is 1.98 GHz to 2.2 GHz. For example, the center frequency of the first frequency band is 1.9 GHz. The center frequency of the second frequency band is 2.1 GHz. The first and second frequency bands form a continuous frequency band (for example, 1.85 GHz to 2.2 GHz) that covers the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0081] When antenna assembly 100 supports the Tiantong satellite frequency band, by positioning radiator 10 on first side 323, in a head-to-hand satellite call scenario, radiator 10 is relatively far from the head, so radiator 10 is less affected by head dielectric loading, and the SAR risk is reduced. Furthermore, in a head-to-hand satellite call scenario, electronic device 1000 is tilted, with top edge 321 and first side 323 of electronic device 1000 facing a distant satellite device. The antenna assembly 100's directional pattern is oriented toward the side of top edge 321 and / or first side 323, enabling effective connection to the distant satellite device and ensuring stable signal connection.

[0082] Optionally, the first frequency band and the second frequency band are spaced apart. The first frequency band is used to cover the transmit frequency band (1.612-1.621 GHz) of the Beidou satellite frequency band, and the second frequency band is used to cover the receive frequency band (2.487-2.497 GHz) of the Beidou satellite frequency band.

[0083] In this embodiment, the first frequency band is designed to cover the transmitting frequency band of the Beidou satellite frequency band, and the second frequency band is designed to cover the receiving frequency band of the Beidou satellite frequency band, so that the antenna assembly 100 can operate in the Beidou satellite frequency band.

[0084] When antenna assembly 100 supports the BeiDou satellite frequency band, by positioning radiator 10 on first side 323, in a head-to-hand satellite call scenario, radiator 10 is relatively far from the head, so radiator 10 is less affected by head dielectric loading, and the SAR risk is reduced. Furthermore, in a head-to-hand satellite call scenario, electronic device 1000 is tilted, with top edge 321 and first side 323 of electronic device 1000 facing a distant satellite device. The antenna assembly 100's directional pattern is oriented toward the side of top edge 321 and / or first side 323, enabling effective connection with the distant satellite device and ensuring stable signal connection.

[0085] Optionally, referring to FIG. 7 , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a first tuning circuit T1 and a second tuning circuit T2. One end of the first tuning circuit T1 is electrically connected between the ground point C and the first free end A, and the other end of the first tuning circuit T1 is grounded. Optionally, the first tuning circuit T1 is electrically connected to the first feed point B. Of course, in other embodiments, the first tuning circuit T1 is electrically connected between the first feed point B and the first free end A. The first tuning circuit T1 is used to tune the magnitude of the first frequency band.

[0086] Furthermore, the first tuning circuit T1 is an impedance adjustable circuit, or an antenna switching circuit.

[0087] Optionally, the first tuning circuit T1 includes an antenna switch and / or an adjustable capacitor.

[0088] In a first embodiment of the first tuning circuit T1, as shown in FIG8 , the first tuning circuit T1 further includes a first switch K1 and a plurality of first tuning branches T11. One end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected to the radiator 10, and one end of each of the first tuning branches T11 is electrically connected to the other end of the first switch K1. The other ends of each of the first tuning branches T11 are grounded.

[0089] Each first tuning branch T11 has a different impedance value. For example, the multiple first tuning branches T11 may be multiple capacitors with different capacitance values; or, the multiple first tuning branches T11 may be multiple inductors with different inductance values; or, the multiple first tuning branches T11 may include multiple capacitors with different capacitance values ​​and multiple inductors with different inductance values. By adjusting the first switch K1 to electrically connect to different devices, the equivalent electrical length electrically connected between the first radiator 10 and the first tuning branch T11 can be adjusted, thereby switching the size of the supported first frequency band.

[0090] In a second embodiment of the first tuning circuit T1, the first tuning circuit T1 includes an adjustable capacitor. One end of the adjustable capacitor is electrically connected to the radiator 10, and the other end of the adjustable capacitor is grounded. The adjustable capacitor is adjustable to switch the supported frequency within the first frequency band. The adjustable capacitor is a capacitor with an adjustable capacitance value. Thus, by adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitor, the impedance of the first tuning circuit T1 is adjustable, thereby adjusting the effective electrical length of the radiator 10 and the first tuning circuit T1, thereby switching the supported frequency within the first frequency band.

[0091] Of course, the first tuning circuit T1 may also be a combination of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above. For example, the first tuning branch T11 includes the adjustable capacitor.

[0092] Referring to Figure 8 , one end of the second tuning circuit T2 is electrically connected between the ground point C and the second free end D, and the other end of the second tuning circuit T2 is grounded. The second tuning circuit T2 is used to tune the second frequency band. The second tuning circuit T2 includes a second switch K2 and a second tuning branch T21. The specific structure of the second tuning circuit T2 can refer to the specific structure of the first tuning circuit T1.

[0093] This embodiment sets a first tuning circuit T1 and a second tuning circuit T2 to achieve adjustable sizes of the first frequency band and the second frequency band, thereby achieving switchable frequency bands supported by the antenna assembly 100. For example, the antenna assembly 100 is compatible with and supports the Tiantong satellite band and the Beidou satellite band.

[0094] The electrical length between the first free end A and the first ground point C is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the transmit frequency band of the Tiantong satellite band. The electrical length between the first free end A and the second free end D is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the receive frequency band of the Tiantong satellite band. The first matching circuit is configured such that the first frequency band is the transmit frequency band of the Tiantong satellite band and the second frequency band is the receive frequency band of the Tiantong satellite band.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 9. When the first tuning circuit T1 and the second tuning circuit T2 are both configured so that the radiator 10 is disconnected, that is, the first switch disconnects the electrical connection between the first tuning branch and the radiator 10, and the second switch disconnects the electrical connection between the second tuning branch and the radiator 10, the first frequency band and the second frequency band form a continuous frequency band and cover the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0096] Further, referring to FIG10 , when the first tuning circuit T1 is configured to electrically connect the grounded capacitor C0 of the radiator 10, the first frequency band supports the transmission frequency band of the Beidou satellite band. The first switch K1 switches to electrically connect the first tuning branch T11, which is the grounded capacitor C0, to the radiator 10. At this time, a parallel capacitance is formed on the radiator 10, causing the first frequency band supported by the radiator 10 to shift toward a lower frequency. By designing the size of the grounded capacitor C0 of the first tuning branch T11, the frequency band covering the Tiantong satellite band (1980MHz-2100MHz) can be tuned to cover the Beidou satellite band (1.612-1.621GHz).

[0097] Referring to Figure 10 , when the second tuning circuit T2 is configured to electrically connect to the ground inductor L0 of the radiator 10, the second frequency band supports the transmission frequency band of the Beidou satellite band. The second switch K2 switches to electrically connect the second tuning branch T21, which is the ground inductor L0, to the radiator 10. This creates a parallel inductance between the ground point C and the second free end D of the radiator 10, shifting the second frequency band supported by the radiator 10 toward higher frequencies. By designing the ground inductor L0 of the second tuning branch T21, the frequency band covering the Tiantong satellite band (2100MHz-2200MHz) can be tuned to cover the Beidou satellite band (2.487-2.497GHz).

[0098] In this embodiment, the antenna assembly 100 switches from the Tiantong satellite frequency band to the Beidou satellite frequency band by switching between the first free end A and the ground point C to a parallel capacitor and between the second free end D and the ground point C to a parallel inductor. Of course, the antenna assembly 100 can also switch from the Beidou satellite frequency band to the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0099] Optionally, referring to Figures 5 and 6, the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode are orthogonal modes. Specifically, the first floor current I1 formed on the reference floor 500 in the first resonant mode is parallel to the first floor edge 511 (top edge 321), and the first resonant current I2 formed on the radiator 10 in the second resonant mode is parallel to the second floor edge 512. The extension direction of the first floor edge 511 is orthogonal to the extension direction of the second floor edge 512. Therefore, the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode form an orthogonal mode, and the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode is different from the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode (for example, mainly pointing to the top edge 321 and mainly pointing to the first side edge 323), thereby achieving pattern reconstruction.

[0100] Optionally, when the ratio between the center frequency of the second frequency band and the center frequency of the first frequency band is 1.01 to 1.1, a double degenerate mode is formed in the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode at the target frequency band. Since the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode are orthogonal modes. The double degenerate mode will be orthogonal at the target frequency band, with a phase difference close to 90° and similar amplitude, thereby forming a circular polarization mode. The center frequency of the target frequency band is located between the center frequency of the first frequency band and the center frequency of the second frequency band, and the target frequency band belongs to the continuous frequency band formed by the first frequency band and the second frequency band. Furthermore, the center frequency of the target frequency band is located at the center point between the center frequency of the first frequency band and the center frequency of the second frequency band. In this way, the target frequency band in the continuous frequency band formed by the first frequency band and the second frequency band is a signal frequency band transmitted in the form of a circularly polarized wave. The target frequency band includes but is not limited to the GPS frequency band, the Beidou satellite frequency band, or the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0101] By designing the ratio between the center frequency of the second frequency band and the center frequency of the first frequency band to be 1.01 to 1.1, a target frequency band with an impedance less than a preset impedance value can be formed between the first frequency band and the second frequency band, wherein the preset impedance value is, for example, the impedance value when the return loss is -6dB, -7dB, or -8dB.

[0102] When the ratio of the two frequency points of the dual degenerate mode is 1.01:1.1, and the two resonant components of the dual degenerate mode are orthogonal, the dual degenerate mode can form two orthogonal circularly polarized components. For example, the axial ratio at the target frequency point between the two frequency points of the dual degenerate mode is also low, for example, less than 3dB. In this way, the impedance band (target frequency band) of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode has a high correspondence with the axial ratio band. Among them, the impedance band is a target frequency band where the impedance is less than the preset impedance value, and the axial ratio band is a frequency band where the axial ratio is less than 10dB. Optionally, the axial ratio band can completely cover the impedance band, that is, the axial ratio of the target frequency band is less than 10dB. Since the axial ratio of the target frequency band is less than 10dB, the target frequency band formed by the first frequency band and the second frequency band can operate in a circularly polarized wave mode.

[0103] Optionally, referring to Figure 11 , the matching circuit M1 includes a matching switch M11 and multiple matching branches M12. One end of the matching switch M11 is electrically connected to the feed point B, one end of the matching branch M12 is electrically connected to the other end of the matching switch M11, and the other end of the matching branch M12 is electrically connected to the reference ground 500 and the signal source 20. The matching circuit M1 is used to tune the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 to the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode, or the circular polarization mode.

[0104] Specifically, when the matching circuit M1 switches the operating frequency of the antenna assembly 100 to the center frequency of the first frequency band or thereabouts, the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly the first resonance mode. At this time, the radiation pattern is a radiation pattern that mainly radiates toward the top edge 321, so as to facilitate signal connection with satellite equipment, etc. mainly through radiation from the top edge 321.

[0105] When the matching circuit M1 switches the operating frequency of the antenna assembly 100 to the center frequency of the second frequency band or thereabouts, the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly the second resonance mode. At this time, the radiation pattern is a radiation pattern mainly radiating toward the first side 323, so as to facilitate signal connection with satellite equipment, etc. mainly through radiation from the first side 323.

[0106] When the matching circuit M1 switches the operating frequency of the antenna assembly 100 to near the center point between the center frequency of the first frequency band and the center frequency of the second frequency band (i.e., the center frequency of the target frequency band), the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 includes both the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode. By designing the ratio between the center frequency of the second frequency band and the center frequency of the first frequency band to be 1.01 to 1.1, the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 is a circular polarization mode, the circular polarization gain is increased, and the signal quality of the satellite frequency band and the GPS frequency band is improved.

[0107] In this embodiment, the matching switch M11 is controlled to switch the matching branch M12 to switch the operating frequency of the antenna assembly 100 , thereby switching the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 .

[0108] When the radiator 10 is arranged on the left-hand side frame of the back view of the electronic device 1000, and the electronic device 1000 is in a left-hand call scenario, the radiator 10 on the left-hand side frame is located on the side facing the satellite device in the sky, and at this time it has better satellite communication performance.

[0109] When the radiator 10 is arranged on the right-hand side frame of the back view of the electronic device 1000, and the electronic device 1000 is in the right-hand call scenario, the radiator 10 on the right-hand side frame is located on the side facing the satellite device in the sky, and at this time it has better satellite communication performance.

[0110] Optionally, referring to FIG12 , there are two antenna assemblies 100 . The two antenna assemblies 100 are a first antenna assembly 100 a and a second antenna assembly 100 b . The radiator 10 of the first antenna assembly 100 a and the radiator 10 of the second antenna assembly 100 b are disposed on the first side 323 and the second side 324 , respectively.

[0111] Referring to Figure 12 , the electronic device 1000 further includes a switch unit 40. The switch unit 40 electrically connects the first antenna assembly 100a and the second antenna assembly 100b. The switch unit 40 is configured to control the operation of the first antenna assembly 100a or the second antenna assembly 100b based on the signal strength of the first antenna assembly 100a or the second antenna assembly 100b, or based on the posture of the electronic device 1000.

[0112] Specifically, when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the sensors (attitude sensors, gyroscopes, etc.) in the electronic device 1000 detect that the attitude of the electronic device 1000 is that the top edge 321 and the first side edge 323 are away from the ground and facing the satellite equipment in the air. The sensors in the electronic device 1000 feed back to the controller, and the controller controls the conduction path of the switch unit 40 according to the feedback signal, and then controls the first antenna component 100a of the radiator 10 provided on the first side edge 323 to operate in the satellite communication frequency band, thereby realizing that the radiation pattern of the electronic device 1000 is facing the satellite equipment in the air.

[0113] When the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the sensors (attitude sensor, gyroscope, etc.) in the electronic device 1000 detect that the attitude of the electronic device 1000 is that the top edge 321 and the second side edge 324 are away from the ground and facing the satellite equipment in the air. The sensors in the electronic device 1000 feed back to the controller, and the controller controls the conduction path of the switch unit 40 according to the feedback signal, and then controls the second antenna component 100b of the radiator 10 provided on the second side edge 324 to operate in the satellite communication frequency band, thereby realizing that the direction pattern of the electronic device 1000 is facing the satellite equipment in the air.

[0114] The controller of the electronic device 1000 compares the signal strength currently received by the antenna component 100 with a preset strength threshold. When the signal strength received by the antenna component 100 is less than the preset strength threshold, the controller of the electronic device 1000 controls the switch unit 40 to switch the first antenna component 100a or the second antenna component 100b to operate, so as to ensure that the electronic device 1000 establishes a good connection with the satellite device.

[0115] In other words, when the electronic device 1000 is in a left-hand call scenario, the switch unit 40 switches to the radiator 10 on the left-hand side frame of the back view of the electronic device 1000. The radiator 10 on the left-hand side frame is located on the side facing the satellite device in the sky, and at this time has better satellite communication performance.

[0116] When the electronic device 1000 is in a right-hand-head call scenario, the switch unit 40 switches to the radiator 10 on the right-hand side frame of the back view of the electronic device 1000. The radiator 10 on the right-hand side frame is located on the side facing the satellite device in the sky, and at this time has better satellite communication performance.

[0117] The above configuration enables the electronic device 1000 to achieve good communication when the electronic device 1000 is held in either hand for satellite communication.

[0118] Optionally, referring to FIG. 13 , the at least one grounding point C includes a first grounding point C1 and a second grounding point C2 .

[0119] Referring to Figure 13 , an L-shape is formed between the first free end A and the first grounding point C1. An L-shape is also formed between the second free end D and the second grounding point C2. The first and second grounding points C1 and C2 are close to each other. These points correspond to the points of maximum current, and maximum current corresponds to the maximum magnetic field, thus creating a magnetic field matching structure.

[0120] Referring to Figures 13 and 14 , the distance between the first ground point C1 and the second ground point C2 is less than 1 / 10 of the wavelength of the first frequency band. In the first resonant mode, both the first ground point C1 and the second ground point C2 are strong current points, facilitating magnetic field-magnetic field coupling between the first and second ground points C1 and C2. There is either an electrical disconnect or electrical continuity between the first and second ground points C1 and C2. In this case, the radiator 10 can be considered a magnetic field-magnetic field combination formed by the IFA branch and the L branch, facilitating the formation of resonant current distributions in the first and second resonant modes.

[0121] Referring to FIG. 15 , the present application does not specifically limit the position of the radiator 10 on the first side 323. Optionally, the distance between the grounding point C and the central axis of the reference floor 500 parallel to the first floor edge 511 is less than 1 / 4 wavelength (within the range L in FIG. 15 ), that is, the grounding point C of the radiator 10 is close to the middle of the first side 323. By setting the grounding point C of the radiator 10 close to the middle of the first side 323, the radiator 10 of the electronic device 1000 is kept as far away from the human head as possible during the head-to-hand communication state, thereby reducing the impact of head loading on the efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 and lowering the SAR risk. Furthermore, by setting the grounding point C of the radiator 10 parallel to the central axis of the first floor edge 511 and in front of the top edge 321 relative to the reference floor 500, the radiator 10 is biased toward the upper half of the first side edge 323 to prevent the free end (such as the second free end D) of the electronic device 1000 near the bottom edge 322 from being held by the hand in the hand-held state, thereby preventing problems such as signal blocking.

[0122] Optionally, referring to Figure 3 , the first ground point C1 and the second ground point C2 are electrically connected. A high magnetic boundary forms an electric barrier between the first and second ground points C1 and C2. In this case, the first and second ground points C1 and C2 can be combined into a single ground point C. Ground point C is located near the center of radiator 10, in which case radiator 10 functions as a T-antenna.

[0123] 3 , taking the radiator 10 as a T-antenna as an example, the feed point B can be located between the first free end A and the ground point C, or between the second free end D and the ground point C. Referring also to FIG5 and FIG6 , the signal source 20 excites the radiator 10 to form a first resonant mode and a second resonant mode.

[0124] Please refer to Figure 16, which shows the S-parameter curves of the first and second resonant modes formed by the signal source 20 exciting the radiator 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the first and second frequency bands form a continuous frequency band, and the antenna assembly 100 forms a broadband antenna covering 1.85 GHz to 2.2 GHz, including the Tiantong satellite frequency band operating in the range of 1.98 GHz to 2.2 GHz.

[0125] In Figure 16, the operating mode at resonance point 1 is primarily the first resonance mode a. The operating mode at resonance point 2 is primarily the first resonance mode a, supplemented by the second resonance mode b. The operating mode at resonance point 4 includes both the first resonance mode a and the second resonance mode b. By designing the frequency ratio between resonance point 1 and resonance point 3 to be between 1.01 and 1.1 at resonance point 4, the two modes near resonance point 4 form an orthogonal circular polarization mode c with a phase difference of nearly 90° and similar amplitudes. The operating mode at resonance point 3 is primarily the second resonance mode b, supplemented by the first resonance mode a. The operating mode at resonance point 5 is primarily the second resonance mode b. Resonance points 1 and 2 are linearly polarized modes, while resonance points 3 and 5 are linearly polarized modes. Resonance point 4 can be circularly polarized mode c.

[0126] 11 , by setting a matching switch M11 and a matching branch M12 in the matching circuit M1 to switch the position of the resonance point, switching from a linear polarization mode to a circular polarization mode and switching the direction of the radiation pattern can be achieved, thereby realizing radiation pattern reconstruction.

[0127] Please refer to Figure 17, which shows the radiation efficiency and total efficiency curves for the first and second resonant modes formed by radiator 10 when excited by signal source 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. Under full-device conditions (0.8mm clearance, 3.6mm antenna thickness), with a return loss of -4dB as the reference line, antenna assembly 100 achieves a relative efficiency bandwidth of 15%, where the relative efficiency is (maximum frequency - minimum frequency) / the center frequency between the maximum and minimum frequencies.

[0128] Referring to Figures 6 and 7 , the first resonant mode excites a half-wavelength current (transverse current) on reference floor 500 in the direction of first floor edge 511 , generating a reverse current to ground on radiator 10. The current is weakest at first free end A and second free end D, and strongest at ground point C. Reference floor 500 resembles a transverse half-wavelength dipole antenna. The current in the second resonant mode is primarily concentrated on radiator 10, generating a co-directional half-wavelength current on radiator 10, forming a longitudinal half-wavelength dipole antenna. In other words, reference floor 500 and radiator 10 form an orthogonal dipole antenna pair.

[0129] Please refer to Figure 18, which shows the left-handed circularly polarized radiation pattern of the first resonant mode formed by the signal source 20 provided in an embodiment of the present application to excite the radiator 10. When the electronic device 1000 operates in the Tiantong satellite frequency band, it communicates primarily through left-handed circularly polarized waves. In the first resonant mode, the reference floor 500 makes the primary radiation contribution. The reference floor 500 is approximately a horizontal half-wavelength dipole antenna, so the two main lobes of the antenna assembly 100 are toward the top edge 321 and toward the bottom edge 322.

[0130] Please refer to Figure 19, which shows the left-handed circularly polarized radiation pattern of the second resonant mode formed by radiator 10 when excited by signal source 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. In the second resonant mode, radiator 10 forms a longitudinal half-wavelength dipole antenna. A reverse current parallel to that flowing through radiator 10 is generated on reference floor 500. Reference floor 500 acts as a reflector, so the main lobe of antenna assembly 100 is oriented toward first side 323.

[0131] Optionally, the main lobe of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode covers an angle θ greater than 180° in a direction parallel to the second floor edge 512 (first side 323). Specifically, in the second resonant mode, the reference floor 500 generates a second floor current parallel to the radiator 10 along the second floor edge 512. Thus, the reference floor 500 reflects the radiation direction of the radiator 10. Because the thickness of the reference floor 500 is much smaller than its length, and the width of the reference floor 500 is smaller than its length, the angle θ covered by the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode in the direction parallel to the second floor edge 512 is greater than or equal to 180°. For example, specific angles include, but are not limited to, 200°, 210°, 220°, 230°, 240°, 250°, 260°, 270°, 300°, and the like.

[0132] The radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode is primarily toward the first side 323, with a portion of radiation directed toward the first side 323, which is biased toward the back cover 400, and a portion of radiation directed toward the first side 323, which is biased toward the display screen 200. Thus, when the antenna assembly 100 is operating in the second resonant mode for satellite communication, the operator can rotate within a certain range without interrupting the satellite call, thereby enabling the operator to move and rotate within a certain range while maintaining a good satellite signal connection.

[0133] Please refer to Figure 20, which shows a left-hand circularly polarized 3D pattern of electronic device 1000 in a head-hand scenario according to an embodiment of the present application. The left-hand circularly polarized pattern of electronic device 1000 in the head-hand scenario is biased toward top edge 321 and has a wide coverage area, enabling signal connection with the satellite device at the top. This pattern also maintains a good signal connection even when the operator changes the orientation significantly.

[0134] Please refer to Figure 21, which shows a left-handed circularly polarized 2D pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application, operating in the Tiantong transmit frequency band. Please refer to Figure 22, which shows a left-handed circularly polarized 2D pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application, operating in the Tiantong receive frequency band.

[0135] Where Theta is the elevation angle, with Theta = 0 to 90° representing the upper hemisphere. Phi represents the horizontal plane. It can be seen that theta = 0 to 30°, Phi = 0 to 90°, and Phi = 210° to 360° all have good gain. This indicates that the antenna assembly 100 of electronic device 1000 operates at a high percentage in the upper hemisphere of the Tiantong satellite frequency band. In a head-to-hand call scenario, the operator can rotate the electronic device 1000 240° without losing the satellite call.

[0136] Optionally, when the operating frequency band of the antenna assembly 100 is a satellite frequency band, the operator performs satellite communication by holding the electronic device 1000. The directional pattern of the electronic device 1000 when held close to the head includes a direction toward the top edge 321 and a direction toward the first side edge 323.

[0137] Specifically, when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the top edge 321 and the first side edge 323 of the electronic device 1000 are away from the ground and facing the satellite equipment in the air. Therefore, the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application simultaneously forms a first resonance mode and a second resonance mode, and forms a radiation pattern toward the top edge 321 in the first resonance mode, and forms a radiation pattern toward the first side edge 323 in the second resonance mode. This radiation pattern is toward the satellite equipment in the air. Therefore, when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the antenna assembly 100 radiates energy through the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode to communicate well with the satellite in the air.

[0138] Optionally, the coverage angle range of the upper hemisphere in the directional diagram of the electronic device 1000 in the handheld and close to the head scenario is greater than or equal to 240°. In this way, when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the operator's orientation can be adjusted within a range of at least 240°, thereby achieving that when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the operator will not be limited to the current orientation and current position, and can move or change orientation and maintain a good satellite connection.

[0139] The SAR of the top antenna placed near the head seriously exceeds the standard (the typical satellite input power is 36dBm), requiring significant power reduction, resulting in a serious performance degradation. At a 20% duty cycle, the top antenna head SAR is 8.4W / Kg (10g). These two major problems make the top antenna unsuitable for use as a satellite communication antenna for handheld communication.

[0140] Please refer to Figure 23, which is a hotspot distribution diagram of the SAR of the electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application in a head-hand scenario. Region N in Figure 23 represents the SRA hotspot when the antenna assembly 100 of the electronic device 1000 is operating. At a 20% duty cycle, the 10g-SAR is less than 1.8W / Kg, compared to the SAR of the electronic device 1000 with a Tiantong satellite antenna installed on top. In the electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application, by positioning the radiator 10 on the first side 323, the SAR value is reduced by more than four times compared to the SAR of the device with a Tiantong satellite antenna installed on top.

[0141] The electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application is designed such that the radiator 10 is arranged on the first side 323, and the radiator 10 is spaced apart along the second floor edge 512. The radiator 10 includes a first free end A, a feeding point B, at least one grounding point C and a second free end D, and the grounding point C is electrically connected to the reference floor 500; the signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point B, and the signal source 20 is used to excite the radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band and a second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band; the first resonant mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 on the reference floor 500, and the antenna component 1 00 The directional pattern in the first resonance mode is at least directed to the top edge 321; the second resonance mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band on the radiator 10, and the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonance mode is at least directed to the first side edge 323. The satellite antenna in the electronic device 1000 realizes human-head-hand satellite calls, and a call angle of more than 240° can be achieved in the human-head-hand satellite call scenario, that is, the operator's orientation when making a satellite call can be changed within a range of more than 240°. The satellite antenna in the electronic device 1000 has a wide beam in the upper hemisphere, and the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode can realize a broadband antenna, such as a receiving band and a transmitting band covering the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0142] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, wherein: The electronic device includes a frame, a reference floor, and an antenna assembly. The frame is arranged around the reference floor and includes a top edge, a first side edge, a bottom edge, and a second side edge that are connected. The antenna assembly includes: a radiator, the radiator being disposed on the first side, the radiator comprising a first free end, a feeding point, at least one grounding point, and a second free end, the grounding point being electrically connected to the reference ground; and a signal source electrically connected to the feed point, the signal source being used to excite the radiator and the reference floor to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band; The first resonant mode includes a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band formed on the reference floor in a direction parallel to the top edge, and the main lobe of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode is at least directed to the top edge side.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein The signal source is also used to excite the radiator to form a second resonant mode supporting a second frequency band, and the second resonant mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band on the radiator, and the main lobe of the antenna component in the second resonant mode is at least directed to the first side.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The first resonance mode forms a sub-resonance mode supporting the first frequency band on the radiator, and the sub-resonance mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band between the first free end and the grounding point. The resonant current path of the sub-resonance mode includes flowing from the first free end and from the second free end to the grounding point, and the resonant current supporting the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band on the reference floor includes flowing from the grounding point to the second side edge in a direction parallel to the top edge.

4. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The first frequency band and the second frequency band form a continuous frequency band, and the continuous frequency band covers the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

5. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The first frequency band and the second frequency band are spaced apart. The first frequency band is used to cover a transmitting frequency band of a Beidou satellite frequency band, and the second frequency band is used to cover a receiving frequency band in the Beidou satellite frequency band.

6. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The antenna assembly also includes a first tuning circuit, one end of the first tuning circuit is electrically connected between the ground point and the first free end, the other end of the first tuning circuit is grounded, and the first tuning circuit is used to tune the size of the first frequency band.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, wherein: The antenna assembly also includes a first tuning circuit, one end of the second tuning circuit is electrically connected between the ground point and the second free end, the other end of the second tuning circuit is grounded, and the second tuning circuit is used to tune the size of the second frequency band.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein: The first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit are both configured so that when the radiator is disconnected, the first frequency band and the second frequency band form a continuous frequency band and cover the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

9. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein: When the first tuning circuit is configured to be electrically connected to the ground capacitance of the radiator, the first frequency band supports the transmission frequency band of the Beidou satellite band; and when the second tuning circuit is configured to be electrically connected to the ground inductance of the radiator, the second frequency band supports the transmission frequency band of the Beidou satellite band.

10. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: A radiation direction of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode is different from a radiation direction of the antenna assembly in the second resonant mode.

11. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The first resonance mode and the second resonance mode are orthogonal modes.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein When the ratio between the center frequency of the second frequency band and the center frequency of the first frequency band is 1.01 to 1.1, a circular polarization mode is formed in the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode at the target frequency band, the center frequency of the target frequency band is located between the center frequency of the first frequency band and the center frequency of the second frequency band, and the target frequency band belongs to a continuous frequency band formed by the first frequency band and the second frequency band.

13. The electronic device according to claim 12, wherein: The antenna assembly includes a matching circuit, which is electrically connected between the feeding point and the signal source. The matching circuit includes a matching switch and multiple matching branches. One end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the feeding point, one end of the matching branch is electrically connected to the other end of the matching switch, and the other end of the matching branch is electrically connected to the reference ground and the signal source. The matching circuit is used to tune the working mode of the antenna assembly to the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode, or the circular polarization mode.

14. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The main lobe of the antenna assembly in the second resonant mode covers an angle greater than 180° in a direction parallel to the first side.

15. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The main lobe direction of the electronic device in a scene where the electronic device is held in hand and close to the head includes a direction pointing to the top edge and a direction pointing to the first side edge.

16. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The coverage angle range of the upper hemisphere in the directional diagram of the electronic device in a scene where the electronic device is held in hand and close to the head is greater than or equal to 240°.

17. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: There are two antenna assemblies, the two antenna assemblies are a first antenna assembly and a second antenna assembly, and the radiator of the first antenna assembly and the radiator of the second antenna assembly are respectively arranged on the first side and the second side; The electronic device also includes a switching unit, which electrically connects the first antenna assembly and the second antenna assembly. The switching unit is used to control the operation of the first antenna assembly or the second antenna assembly based on the signal strength of the first antenna assembly or the second antenna assembly, or based on the posture of the electronic device.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: At least one of the grounding points includes a first grounding point and a second grounding point, the distance between the first grounding point and the second grounding point is less than 1 / 10 wavelength of the first frequency band, the first grounding point and the second grounding point are both current strong points in the first resonant mode, and the first grounding point and the second grounding point are electrically disconnected or electrically connected.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: A distance between the grounding point and a central axis of the reference floor parallel to the top edge is less than 1 / 4 wavelength.

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