Organic light-emitting devices

Abstract

The present invention relates to an organic light-emitting device in which a specific combination of different OLED materials, in particular a combination of a hole transport material and a p-dopant in a hole injection layer, a hole transport material in a hole transport layer, and a host material in the emitting layer is used.

Description

[0001] Organic light-emitting devices The present invention relates to an organic light-emitting device in which a specific combination of different OLED materials is used, in particular a combination of a hole-transport material and a p-dopant in a hole-injection layer, a hole-transport material in a hole-transport layer, and a host material in the emitting layer. Electronic devices containing organic and / or organometallic semiconductors are used in many commercial products, for example in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). There is a great need to improve performance data, for example, the operating voltage. This applies in particular to blue-phosphorescent OLEDs or hyperphosphorescent OLEDs.A good charge carrier balance of holes and electrons in the emitting layer is required to achieve good device properties in terms of efficiency, lifetime, and operating voltage. There is therefore a need to improve charge carrier injection from the electrode into the adjacent organic layer, charge carrier injection from an organic layer into the adjacent organic layer, and charge carrier transport within an organic layer. To ensure good charge carrier injection from the anode into the adjacent organic layer (= hole injection layer, HIL), a p-dopant is usually mixed into the hole-transport material of the HIL. Alternatively, a thin pure layer of the p-dopant can also be used as the HIL. The hole-transport layer (HTL), which borders the HIL, ideally consists of a material with high hole mobility.Typically, an electron-blocking layer (EBL) is also inserted between the hole-transporting layer (HTL) and the emitting layer (EML). This layer minimizes electron injection from the EML into the EBL by maintaining a large LUMO gap between the EML and EBL materials, preventing the loss of electrons from the EML into the adjacent hole-transporting part of the OLED. To maximize the internal quantum efficiency of OLEDs, phosphorescence, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), hyperphosphorescence (HP), or hyperfluorescence (HF) are often used to utilize the excited triplet states, which account for 75% of the excited states in the emitting layer of an OLED. What all these approaches have in common is that they require host materials (matrix materials) whose triplet state is higher than the excited state of the emitter molecule and, in the case of hyperphosphorescence orHyperfluorescence, even higher than the excited state of the sensitizers, since molecules with a lower triplet energy would lead to quenching of the excited states and thus to a loss of efficiency. Analogously, the materials used in EBL must have a sufficiently high triplet level to prevent quenching of the excitons at the EML / EBL phase boundary, which would also lead to a loss of efficiency. Since deep-blue emitting OLEDs require excited states with higher energy than green, yellow, or red emitting OLEDs, matrix materials with a higher triplet energy are also required than for green, yellow, or red emitting OLEDs. For blue-phosphorescent or hyperphosphorescent OLEDs, iridium or platinum complexes are typically used as emitters or sensitizers, respectively, which have a lower HOMO level than emitters typically used for green, yellow, or red emission.Host materials for blue phosphorescent or hyperphosphorescent OLEDs typically have a HOMO level that is lower than the HOMO level of the emitter or sensitizer, which is typically < −5.2 eV. Since typical hole-transport materials have a high HOMO of > −5.2 eV, there is a comparatively large distance between the HOMO levels of the various layers, and the electron-blocking layer or the emitting layer represents a hole injection barrier that must be overcome by the charge carriers. This leads to high operating voltages for deep-blue OLEDs. To improve hole injection into EML materials with a deep HOMO, the HOMO levels are often gradually reduced from the HIL to the EML. However, this leads to a complicated layer structure with a multitude of different materials, which complicates OLED production.The object of the present invention is therefore to improve the operating voltage and thus the power efficiency of blue-emitting OLEDs whose emission is based on phosphorescence, TADF, HP, or HF. This object is achieved by providing an OLED as described below. This results in an OLED with improved hole injection into the HIL, HTL, EBL, and EML, which leads to a reduction in the operating voltage.The invention therefore relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising, in this order, an anode, a hole injection layer (HIL) comprising at least one hole transport material HTM1 and a p-dopant, at least one hole transport layer (HTL) comprising at least one hole transport material HTM2, an emitting layer (EML) comprising at least one hole-transporting host material hTMM, at least one electron-transporting host material eTMM and at least one blue-phosphorescent compound, and a cathode, characterized in that the hole-transporting host material hTMM and the hole transport materials HTM1 and HTM2 each have a HOMO of ≤ −5.30 eV. The physical parameters of the materials, in particular the HOMO, the LUMO, the singlet and triplet energies of the materials, are determined by quantum chemical calculations, as generally described in the examples section.The emission maximum is determined based on these calculations as the triplet energy in the case of a phosphorescent emitter or the singlet energy in the case of a fluorescent emitter. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hole-injection layer contains exactly one hole-transport material HTM1, and the hole-transport layer contains exactly one hole-transport material HTM2, and the emitting layer contains exactly one hole-transporting host material hTMM, exactly one electron-transporting host material eTMM, and exactly one blue-phosphorescent compound. If the hole-injection layer and / or the hole-transport layer comprise a mixture of several hole-transport materials, it is preferred that all hole-transport materials in the respective layer have a HOMO of ≤ −5.30 eV.If the emitting layer has more than one hole-transporting host material hTMM, it is preferred that all hole-transporting host materials have a HOMO of ≤ −5.30 eV. The hole injection layer can consist of a mixture of at least one, and preferably exactly one, hole-transporting material HTM1 and the p-dopant, or it can be a thin pure layer of the p-dopant directly adjacent to the anode and a layer of the at least one, preferably exactly one, hole-transporting material HTM1 adjacent to the layer of the p-dopant. If a pure layer of the p-dopant is used, this typically has a layer thickness of 1 to 5 nm. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the OLED according to the invention contains a mixture of HTM1 and the p-dopant in the hole injection layer.It is also possible for the OLED to contain an electron blocking layer (EBL) between the hole transport layer (HTL) and the emitting layer (EML), which contains at least one hole transport material HTM3, preferably exactly one hole transport material HTM3. If such a layer is present, the HOMO of HTM3 is also ≤ −5.30 eV. If multiple hole transport layers are present, the HOMO of the hole transport material HTM2 in each of these layers is ≤ −5.30 eV. The OLED can have further layers, for example one or more hole blocking layers, electron transport layers, electron injection layers, exciton blocking layers and / or charge generation layers (charge generation layer in a tandem OLED) and / or organic or inorganic p / n junctions. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the OLED contains exactly one emitting layer between the anode and cathode orbetween the anode and the charge generation layer in the case of a tandem OLED. The OLED can also contain additional materials in the layers defined above. For example, it is possible for the emitting layer to contain a blue fluorescent compound in addition to hTMM, eTMM, and the blue phosphorescent compound. If the OLED contains only hTMM, eTMM, and the blue phosphorescent compound in the emitting layer, the blue phosphorescent compound is the emitter, and it is a phosphorescent OLED. If the OLED also contains a blue fluorescent compound in the EML, this fluorescent compound is the emitter, and the blue phosphorescent compound is a sensitizer, making it a hyperphosphorescent OLED.A blue phosphorescent compound in the sense of the present invention is a compound which is capable of emitting phosphorescence at room temperature with an emission maximum of 3.00 to 2.55 eV, preferably an emission maximum of 2.90 to 2.58 eV, particularly preferably of 2.88 to 2.60 eV and very particularly preferably 2.82 to 2.60 eV. Blue phosphorescent compounds, in particular blue-emitting iridium or platinum complexes according to the prior art, often have a HOMO of ≤ −5.20 eV. The term “phosphorescent compound” or “phosphorescent compound” (also called triplet emitter) typically refers to compounds in which the emission of light occurs via a spin-forbidden transition, e.g. a transition from an excited triplet state or a state with a higher spin quantum number, e.g. B. a quintet state.Luminescent complexes with transition metals or lanthanides are preferably considered as phosphorescent compounds, especially if they contain copper, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, silver, gold, or europium, in particular compounds containing iridium, platinum, or copper. For the purposes of the present invention, all luminescent iridium, platinum, or copper complexes are considered phosphorescent compounds. Preference is given to iridium or platinum complexes, and particular preference is given to platinum complexes. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hole-transporting host material hTMM and the hole-transport materials HTM1, HTM2, and, if present, HTM3 all have a HOMO of ≤ −5.35 eV, and particularly preferably a HOMO of ≤ −5.40 eV.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the hole-transporting host material hTMM and the hole-transporting materials HTM1, HTM2, and, if present, HTM3 all have a HOMO of ≥ −5.70 eV, more preferably a HOMO of ≥ −5.6 eV, and most preferably a HOMO of ≥ −5.5 eV. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the triplet energy T1 of the host materials hTMM and eTMM is at least equal to the triplet energy of the phosphorescent compound. The triplet energy T1 of the host materials hTMM and eTMM is preferably higher than the triplet energy of the phosphorescent compound. Since a blue phosphorescent compound typically has a triplet energy of at least 2.6 eV, T1hTMM ≥ 2.6 eV and T1eTMM ≥ 2.6 eV apply, where T1hTMM and T1eTMM are the triplet energies of the hTMM and eTMM, respectively. Preferably, the triplet energy T1 of the hTMM and eTMM is at least 0.1 eV higher than that of the phosphorescent compound, particularly preferably at least 0.2 eV higher, and most preferably at least 0.3 eV higher. To prevent the triplet excitons of the emitting layer from being quenched at the phase boundary to the adjacent layer on the anode side, i.e., to the hole-transport layer if no separate electron-blocking layer is used, or to the electron-blocking layer if one is used, it is further preferred if the triplet energy T1 of the hole-transport material HTM2 or, if an electron-blocking layer is used, of the hole-transport material HTM3, is at least as high as the triplet energy of the phosphorescent compound. Therefore, when using a separate electron blocking layer, T1HTM3 ≥ 2.6 eV is preferred, where T1HTM3 is the triplet energy of the hole transport material HTM3 in the EBL, or without using a separate electron blocking layer, T1HTM2 ≥ 2 is preferred.6 eV, where T1HTM2 is the triplet energy of the hole-transport material HTM2 in the HTL adjacent to the EML. Preferably, the triplet energy T1 of the HTM adjacent to the EML is at least 0.1 eV higher than that of the phosphorescent compound, more preferably at least 0.2 eV higher, and most preferably at least 0.3 eV higher. For the p-dopant in the HIL to be able to dope, i.e., oxidize, the hole-transport material HTM1 in the HIL, it is necessary that the LUMO of the p-dopant is not significantly higher than the HOMO of HTM1. Therefore, the LUMO of the p-dopant is LUMOp-dopant ≤ HOMOHTM1 + 0.3 eV, preferably LUMOp-dopant ≤ HOMOHTM1 + 0.2 eV, further preferably LUMOp-dopant ≤ HOMOHTM1 + 0.1 eV, particularly preferably LUMOp-dopant ≤ HOMOHTM1 and most particularly preferably LUMOp-dopant ≤ HOMOHTM1 – ​​0.1 eV, where LUMOp-dopant represents the LUMO of the p-dopant and HOMOHTM1 represents the HOMO of the hole transport material HTM1.In a further preferred embodiment, LUMOp dopant > HOMOHTM1 − 0.7 eV. Since it is the aim of the present invention to keep the hole injection barrier from the anode to the emitting layer as low as possible, the following preferably applies without the use of a separate electron blocking layer: │HOMOHTM1 – ​​HOMOHTM2│ ≤ 0.1 eV and │HOMOHTM2 – HOMOhTMM│ ≤ 0.1 eV, and when using a separate electron blocking layer: │HOMOHTM1 – ​​HOMOHTM2│ ≤ 0.1 eV and │HOMOHTM2 – HOMOHTM3│ ≤ 0.1 eV and │HOMOHTM3 – HOMOhTMM│ ≤ 0.1 eV, where HOMOHTM1, HOMOHTM2, HOMOHTM3 and HOMOhTMM each represent the HOMO of the materials HTM1, HTM2, HTM3, and hTMM. The injection barrier between two adjacent layers is particularly low when the same material is used as the hole-transport material or hTMM in both layers.Therefore, a preferred embodiment of the invention is an OLED in which hTMM and HTM2, if no separate electron blocking layer is used, or hTMM and HTM3, if a separate electron blocking layer is used, are identical. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, no separate electron blocking layer is used, so that the hole transport layer containing HTM2 is directly adjacent to the emitting layer. Another preferred embodiment of the invention is an OLED in which HTM1 and HTM2 are identical. Particular preference is given to an OLED in which no separate electron blocking layer is used and in which HTM1 and HTM2 are identical. Very particular is an OLED in which no separate electron blocking layer is used and in which HTM1, HTM2 and hTMM are identical.Thus, very particular preference is given to an organic electroluminescent device comprising, in this order, an anode, a hole injection layer (HIL) comprising a hole transport material HTM and a p-dopant, a hole transport layer (HTL) comprising the same hole transport material HTM, an emitting layer (EML) comprising, as hole transporting host material hTMM, the same material HTM, at least one electron transporting host material eTMM and at least one blue phosphorescent compound, and a cathode, characterized in that the material HTM has a HOMO of ≤ −5.30 eV. Suitable materials for HIL, HTL, EBL, if present, and EML are described below. Materials are selected from the substance classes described below that have the above-described physical properties with regard to HOMO and triplet energy.Suitable compounds which can be used as HTM1, HTM2, HTM3 and / or hTMM are the compounds according to the following formula (1) or formula (2).

[0002] where the following applies to the symbols used: X is, at each occurrence, the same or different, CR or N, with the proviso that not more than two X per cycle represent N; Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 , Ar 4 is at each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R; where Ar 3 and Ar 4 in formula (2) may also be linked to one another by a single bond or a group selected from CR2, NR, O or S; R is, identically or differently at each occurrence, H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, OR 1 , SR 1 , B(OR 1 )2, CHO, C(=O)R 1 , CR 1 =C(R 1)2, CN, C(=O)OR 1 , C(=O)NR 1 , Si(R 1 )3, Ge(R 1 )3, NO2, P(=O)(R 1 )2, OSO2R 1 , OR 1 , N(R 1 )2, S(=O)R 1 , S(=O)2R 1 , SR 1 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group is each substituted by one or more radicals R 1 may be substituted, with one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups being replaced by -R 1 C=CR 1 - , -C≡C-, Si(R 1 )2, CONR 1 , C=O, C=S, -C(=O)O-, P(=O)(R 1 ), -O-, -S-, SO or SO2, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, preferably with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each substituted by one or more radicals R 1may be substituted; two or more radicals R may form a ring system with each other; R 1 is the same or different at each occurrence: H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, B(OR 2 )2, CHO, C(=O)R 2 , CR 2 =C(R 2 )2, CN, C(=O)OR 2 , Si(R 2 )3, Ge(R 2 )3, NO2, P(=O)(R 2 )2, OSO2R 2 , SR 2 , S(=O)R 2 , S(=O)2R 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group is each substituted by one or more radicals R 2 and wherein one or more CH2 groups in the above-mentioned groups are substituted by -R 2 C=CR 2 -, -C≡C-, Si(R 2 )2, C=O, C=S, -C(=O)O-, CONR 2 , P(=O)(R 2), -S-, SO or SO2 and where one or more H atoms in the above-mentioned groups can be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO2, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 2 may be substituted, where two or more radicals R 1 can form a ring system with each other; R 2 is, identically or differently at each occurrence, H, D, F, CN or an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, in which one or more H atoms may be replaced by D or F; two or more substituents R 2be linked together to form a ring. An aryl group within the meaning of this invention contains 6 to 40 C atoms; a heteroaryl group within the meaning of this invention contains 5 to 40 C atoms and at least one heteroatom, with the proviso that the sum of C atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5. The heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S. An aryl group or heteroaryl group is understood to be either a simple aromatic cycle, i.e. benzene, or a simple heteroaromatic cycle, for example pyridine, pyrimidine, thiophene, etc., or a condensed (fused) aryl or heteroaryl group, for example naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, isoquinoline, etc. Aromatics linked to one another by a single bond, such as biphenyl, are not referred to as aryl or heteroaryl groups, but as an aromatic ring system. An aromatic ring system in the sense of this invention contains 6 to 60 C atoms,preferably 6 to 40 C atoms in the ring system. A heteroaromatic ring system within the meaning of this invention contains 1 to 60 C atoms, preferably 1 to 40 C atoms and at least one heteroatom in the ring system, with the proviso that the sum of C atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5. The heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S. An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system within the meaning of this invention is to be understood as a system which does not necessarily contain only aryl or heteroaryl groups, but in which several aryl or heteroaryl groups can also be linked by a non-aromatic unit (preferably less than 10% of the atoms other than H), such as a C, N or O atom or carbonyl group. This should also be understood as meaning systems in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are directly linked to one another, such as, for example, B. Biphenyl, Terphenyl,Bipyridine or phenylpyridine. For example, systems such as fluorene, 9,9'-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diarylfluorene, triarylamine, diaryl ether, stilbene, etc. are also to be understood as aromatic ring systems within the meaning of this invention, as are systems in which two or more aryl groups are linked, for example, by a linear or cyclic alkyl group or by a silyl group. Preferred aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems are simple aryl or heteroaryl groups, as well as groups in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are directly linked to one another, for example biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl or bipyridine, as well as fluorene or spirobifluorene. An electron-rich heteroaryl group is characterized by being a heteroaryl groupwhich does not contain any electron-deficient heteroaryl groups. An electron-deficient heteroaryl group is a six-membered ring heteroaryl group with at least one nitrogen atom or a five-membered ring heteroaryl group with at least two heteroatoms, one of which is a nitrogen atom and the other oxygen, sulfur, or a substituted nitrogen atom, to which further aryl or heteroaryl groups may be fused. In contrast, electron-rich heteroaryl groups are five-membered ring heteroaryl groups with exactly one heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur, or substituted nitrogen, to which further aryl groups and / or further electron-rich five-membered ring heteroaryl groups may be fused. Examples of electron-rich heteroaryl groups are pyrrole, furan, thiophene, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carbazole, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene,Indolocarbazole and indenocarbazole. In the context of the present invention, the term "alkyl group" is used as a generic term for both linear and branched alkyl groups and cyclic alkyl groups. Analogously, the terms "alkenyl group" and "alkynyl group" are used as generic terms for both linear and branched alkenyl and alkynyl groups, as well as for cyclic alkenyl and alkynyl groups. A cyclic alkyl, alkoxy, or thioalkoxy group, for the purposes of this invention, is understood to mean a monocyclic, bicyclic, or polycyclic group. In the context of the present invention, an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical or an alkyl group or an alkenyl or alkynyl group which may contain 1 to 40 C atoms and in which individual H atoms or CH2 groups may be substituted by the above-mentioned groups, preferably the radicals methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl,n-Pentyl, s-Pentyl, t- Pentyl, 2-Pentyl, neo-Pentyl, Cyclopentyl, n-Hexyl, s-Hexyl, t-Hexyl, 2-Hexyl, 3-Hexyl, neo-Hexyl, Cyclohexyl, 1-Methylcyclopentyl, 2-Methyl- pentyl, n-Heptyl, 2-Heptyl, 3-Heptyl, 4-Heptyl, Cycloheptyl, 1-Methylcyclo- hexyl, n-Octyl, Cyclooctyl, 2-Ethylhexyl, 1-Bicyclo[2,2,2]octyl, 2-Bicyclo- [2,2,2]octyl, 2-(2,6-Dimethyl)octyl, 3-(3,7-Dimethyl)octyl, Adamantyl, Trifluormethyl, Pentafluorethyl, 2,2,2-Trifluorethyl, 1,1-Dimethyl-n-hex-1-yl, 1,1-Dimethyl-n-hept-1-yl, 1,1-Dimethyl-n-oct-1-yl, 1,1-Dimethyl-n-dec-1-yl, 1,1-Dimethyl-n-dodec-1-yl, 1,1-Dimethyl-n-tetradec-1-yl, 1,1-Dimethyl-n- hexadec-1-yl, 1,1-Dimethyl-n-octadec-1-yl, 1,1-Diethyl-n-hex-1-yl, 1,1- Diethyl-n-hept-1-yl, 1,1-Diethyl-n-oct-1-yl, 1,1-Diethyl-n-dec-1-yl, 1,1- Diethyl-n-dodec-1-yl, 1,1-Diethyl-n-tetradec-1-yl, 1,1-Diethyl-n-hexadec-1-yl, 1,1-Diethyl-n-octadec-1-yl, 1-(n-Propyl)-cyclohex-1-yl, 1-(n-Butyl)-cyclohex- 1-yl, 1-(n-Hexyl)-cyclohex-1-yl,1-(n-Octyl)-cyclohex-1-yl und 1-(n-Decyl)- cyclohex-1-yl, Ethenyl, Propenyl, Butenyl, Pentenyl, Cyclopentenyl, Hexenyl, Cyclohexenyl, Heptenyl, Cycloheptenyl, Octenyl, Cyclooctenyl, Cyclooctadienyl, Ethinyl, Propinyl, Butinyl, Pentinyl, Hexinyl, Heptinyl oder Octinyl verstanden. Unter einer Alkoxygruppe OR, 1 mit 1 bis 40 C-Atomen werden bevorzugt Methoxy, Trifluormethoxy, Ethoxy, n-Propoxy, i-Propoxy, n-Butoxy, i-Butoxy, s-Butoxy, t-Butoxy, n-Pentoxy, s-Pentoxy, 2-Methyl- butoxy, n-Hexoxy, Cyclohexyloxy, n-Heptoxy, Cycloheptyloxy, n-Octyloxy, Cyclooctyloxy, 2-Ethylhexyloxy, Pentafluorethoxy und 2,2,2-Trifluorethoxy verstanden. Unter einer Thioalkylgruppe SR 1with 1 to 40 carbon atoms are in particular methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, i-propylthio, n-butylthio, i-butylthio, s-butylthio, t-butylthio, n-pentylthio, s-pentylthio, n-hexylthio, cyclohexylthio, n-heptylthio, cycloheptylthio, n-octylthio, cyclooctylthio, 2-ethylhexylthio, trifluoromethylthio, pentafluoroethylthio, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylthio, ethenylthio, propenylthio, butenylthio, pentenylthio, cyclopentenylthio, hexenylthio, cyclohexenylthio, Heptenylthio, cycloheptenylthio, octenylthio, cyclooctenylthio, ethynylthio, propynylthio, butynylthio, Pentynylthio, hexynylthio, heptynylthio or octynylthio. In general, alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl groups according to the present invention can be straight-chain, branched or cyclic, where one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups can be replaced by the above-mentioned groups; furthermore, one or more H atoms can be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO2, preferably D, F, Cl or CN, particularly preferably D,F or CN may be replaced. An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 - 60 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 5 - 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may also be substituted by the above-mentioned radicals or a hydrocarbon radical and which may be linked to the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring via any desired positions, is understood to mean, in particular, groups derived from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, naphthacene, pentacene, benzopyrene, biphenyl, biphenylene, terphenyl, triphenylene, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, tetrahydropyrene, cis- or trans-indenofluorene, cis- or trans-indenocarbazole, cis- or trans-indolocarbazole, cis- or trans-monobenzoindenofluorene, cis- or trans-dibenzoindenofluorene, truxene, isotruxene, spirotruxene, spiroisotruxene, furan, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, thiophene, benzothiophene, isobenzothiophene,Dibenzothiophen, Pyrrol, Indol, Isoindol, Carbazol, Pyridin, Chinolin, Iso- chinolin, Acridin, Phenanthridin, Benzo-5,6-chinolin, Benzo-6,7-chinolin, Benzo-7,8-chinolin, Phenothiazin, Phenoxazin, Pyrazol, Indazol, Imidazol, Benzimidazol, Naphthimidazol, Phenanthrimidazol, Pyridimidazol, Pyrazin- imidazol, Chinoxalinimidazol, Oxazol, Benzoxazol, Naphthoxazol, Anthroxazol, Phenanthroxazol, Isoxazol, 1,2-Thiazol, 1,3-Thiazol, Benzo- thiazol, Pyridazin, Hexaazatriphenylen, Benzopyridazin, Pyrimidin, Benz- pyrimidin, Chinoxalin, 1,5-Diazaanthracen, 2,7-Diazapyren, 2,3-Diazapyren, 1,6-Diazapyren, 1,8-Diazapyren, 4,5-Diazapyren, 4,5,9,10-Tetraazaperylen, Pyrazin, Phenazin, Phenoxazin, Phenothiazin, Fluorubin, Naphthyridin, Azacarbazol, Benzocarbolin, Phenanthrolin, 1,2,3-Triazol, 1,2,4-Triazol, Benzotriazol, 1,2,3-Oxadiazol, 1,2,4-Oxadiazol, 1,2,5-Oxadiazol, 1,3,4- Oxadiazol, 1,2,3-Thiadiazol, 1,2,4-Thiadiazol, 1,2,5-Thiadiazol, 1,3,4- Thiadiazol, 1,3,5-Triazin, 1,2,4-Triazin, 1,2,3-Triazin,Tetrazole, 1,2,4,5-tetrazine, 1,2,3,4-tetrazine, 1,2,3,5-tetrazine, purine, pteridine, indolizine, and benzothiadiazole, or groups derived from combinations of these systems. These groups can also be deuterated. The phrase "two or more residues can form a ring system" is understood, in the context of this description, to mean, among other things, that the two residues are linked by a chemical bond with the formal elimination of two hydrogen atoms. This is illustrated by the following scheme: Furthermore, the above formulation should also be understood to mean that if one of the two residues represents hydrogen, the second residue binds to the position to which the hydrogen atom was bonded, forming a ring. This is illustrated by the following scheme: The compound according to formula (1) can also be partially or fully deuterated. The term "deuterated" means that in such a compound the corresponding proportion of the hydrogen atoms contained in the undeuterated compound has been exchanged for D (deuterium). The undeuterated compound is the corresponding compound which contains hydrogen in the natural isotopic distribution. The degree of deuteration is given in mol% and describes the average degree of deuteration of the compound, i.e. the average proportion of the H atoms in the compound that are replaced by D atoms. In a fully deuterated compound, all H atoms are exchanged for D, so that the degree of deuteration is 100%. A degree of deuteration of at least 30% means that on average 30% to 100% of the H atoms in the compound are replaced by D atoms.In a preferred embodiment, the degree of deuteration is 30% to 95%, particularly preferably 40% to 90%, and most preferably 50% to 80%. In general, a high degree of deuteration is desirable. However, this can only be achieved synthetically with great effort or not at all. Since the degree of deuteration refers to the average of a mixture of differently deuterated compounds, this mixture has compounds of the same basic structure which, depending on the deuteration method, differ in the position of deuteration and the degree of deuteration of the individual compounds. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, all X groups are CR, or two X groups in each of the two cycles are N, so that a pyrazine is formed, or two X groups in one of the two cycles are N, so that a pyrazine is formed, and all X in the other cycle are CR.Preferred are therefore the compounds of the following formula (3) and (4), with the compounds of formula (2) being particularly preferred.

[0003] where the symbols used have the meanings given above. These can be symmetrical or asymmetrical structures. Symmetrical structures are characterized by the fact that all four groups Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4 are identical and that the two cycles containing the groups X are identical. Asymmetric structures are characterized by the fact that not all four groups Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4are identical and / or in that the two cycles containing the groups X are different, as is the case, for example, in the compounds of formula (4). Compounds in which the two cycles containing the groups X are different also exist when, for example, as in formula (2), all X are CR, but the R radicals on the two cycles are chosen differently and / or are bonded in different positions. If substituents are bonded to the two phenylene rings in structures of formula (3) or formula (4), preferred structures are the compounds of the following formulas (3a) to (3f) or formula (4a) to (4d),

[0004] where the carbon atoms shown as unsubstituted may also be partially or completely deuterated, and Ar 1 to Ar 4and R have the meanings given above. The structures of formulas (3a), (3b) and (3d) are preferred. For the groups Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4 Various combinations and embodiments are suitable in compounds of formula (1) to (4): (1) Ar 1 = Ar 2 = Ar 3 = Ar 4 (2) Ar 1 = Ar 2 and Ar 3 = Ar 4 , but Ar 1 ≠ Ar 3 (3) Ar 1 = Ar 3 and Ar 2 = Ar 4 , but Ar 1 ≠ Ar 2 (4) Ar 1 = Ar 2 = Ar 3 and Ar 4 ≠ Ar 1 (5) Ar 1 = Ar 2 and Ar 3 ≠ Ar 4 ≠ Ar 1 (6) Ar 1 = Ar 3 and Ar 2 ≠ Ar 4 ≠ Ar 1 (7) Ar 1 ≠ Ar 2 ≠ Ar 3 ≠ Ar 4. Embodiments (1), (2), (3) and (7) are particularly preferred. Different groups of Ar 1 to Ar 4 different aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems, and / or they are the same aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems, but with different substitutions. In one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the groups Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4 represents an electron-rich heteroaryl group or benzimidazobenzimidazole, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, and / or at least one group X represents CR and this R represents an electron-rich heteroaryl group or benzimidazobenzimidazole, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 1may be substituted, and / or at least two adjacent groups X are CR and the two radicals R together with the carbon atoms to which they are bound form an electron-rich heteroaryl group which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 In a further embodiment of the invention, none of the groups Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4 represents an electron-rich heteroaryl group or benzimidazobenzimidazole, and no radical R for X = CR represents an electron-rich heteroaryl group or benzimidazobenzimidazole, and the radicals R, when two adjacent groups X represent CR, together with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded, do not form an electron-rich heteroaryl group. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compound contains no, one, two, three or four groups Ar 1 to Ar 4or R, which represent an electron-rich heteroaryl group or benzimidazobenzimidazole, particularly preferably no, one, two or three groups Ar 1 to Ar 4 or R and most preferably no, one or two groups Ar 1 to Ar 4 or R. If two adjacent groups X represent CR and the two R radicals, together with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded, form a fused electron-rich heteroaryl group, it is preferred if such a fused electron-rich heteroaryl group is present once or twice, particularly preferably once. Preferred embodiments for this are the compounds of the following formulas (3g), (3h), (3i) and (3j), where the carbon atoms shown as unsubstituted may also be partially or completely deuterated, the symbols used have the meanings given above and A 1 for NR 1, O or S, preferably NR 1 or O. Similarly, in compounds of formula (4), the radicals R can also form a fused ring analogous to the compounds (3g) to (3j). If one or more of the groups Ar 1 to Ar 4represents an electron-rich heteroaryl group, this group is preferably selected from the group consisting of dibenzofuran, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, carbazole, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, indenocarbazole, which is linked via a C atom, or indolocarbazole, which is linked via a C atom, where the aforementioned structures can each also be substituted by one or more radicals R.If one or more of the groups R represent an electron-rich heteroaryl group, this group is preferably selected from the group consisting of dibenzofuran, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, carbazole, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position or via N, dibenzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, indenocarbazole, which can be linked via a C or an N atom, or indolocarbazole, which can be linked via a C or an N atom, where the aforementioned structures can each also be linked by one or more radicals R. 1 may be substituted. Preferred embodiments for Ar 1 to Ar 4 In a preferred embodiment of the invention, Ar 1 to Ar 4identically or differently on each occurrence, selected from an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms and very particularly preferably having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which may each be substituted by one or more radicals R. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of the groups Ar 1 to Ar 4 at least 12 aromatic ring atoms. Particularly preferably, at least two of the groups Ar 1 to Ar 4 each have at least 12 aromatic ring atoms. If all groups Ar 1 to Ar 4each contain only 6 aromatic ring atoms, it is preferred if the compound has at least one aromatic or heteroaromatic substituent R which contains at least 12 aromatic ring atoms, and / or if the compound has at least two aromatic or heteroaromatic substituents R. Suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems Ar 1 to Ar 4are selected, identically or differently at each occurrence, from phenyl, biphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene, which may be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, spirobifluorene, which may be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, naphthalene, which may be linked via the 1- or 2-position, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, which may be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzofuran, which may be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, carbazole, which may be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, Dibenzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, indenocarbazole, indolocarbazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, triazine, quinoline, quinazoline, benzimidazole, benzimidazobenzimidazole,Phenanthrene, triphenylene or a combination of two or three of these groups, each of which may be substituted by one or more R radicals, preferably non-aromatic R radicals, and wherein these structures may also be partially or fully deuterated. If Ar, 1 bis represents a heteroaryl group, in particular triazine, pyrimidine, quinazoline or carbazole, aromatic or heteroaromatic radicals R on this heteroaryl group may also be preferred. Preferred groups Ar 1 to Ar 4 are selected, identically or differently at each occurrence, from the groups of the following formulas (Ar-1) to (Ar-144), where R has the meanings given above, the dashed bond represents the bond to a nitrogen atom in formula (1) or to the silicon in formula (2) and furthermore: Ar #is at each occurrence, identically or differently, a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R; A 1 is, at each occurrence, the same or different, BR, C(R)2, C=O, NR, O or S; p is 0 or 1, where p = 0 means that the group Ar # is not present and that the corresponding aromatic or heteroaromatic group is directly bonded to the nitrogen atom; r is 0 or 1, where r = 0 means that there is no group A at this position 1 and R residues are bonded to the corresponding carbon atoms instead. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the structures listed above for Ar 1 to Ar 4 partially or completely deuterated. In a preferred embodiment, Ar 1 to Ar 4no fused aryl groups. However, fused heteroaryl groups in which no six-membered rings are directly fused to one another may be suitable, for example carbazole, dibenzofuran, or dibenzothiophene. Particularly preferred groups Ar 1 to Ar 4 are, identically or differently at each occurrence, selected from the group consisting of the following structures Ar-a to Ar-l,

[0005] where the dashed bond represents the bond to the nitrogen atom and these structures are preferably partially or fully deuterated. Examples of particularly preferred combinations of Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4 are the combinations listed in the following table:

[0006] In the following, preferred substituents R, R 1 and R 2In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the following preferences for R, R 1 and R 2 simultaneously and apply to the structures of formula (1) and (2) as well as to all preferred embodiments. Preferred substituents R attached to Ar 1 to Ar 4 are, at each occurrence, identically or differently selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, Si(R 1 )3, Ge(R 1 )3, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, wherein the alkyl group is optionally deuterated and / or substituted with one or more radicals R 1may be substituted and is preferably unsubstituted except for an optional deuteration, and wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by O; two adjacent radicals R may form a ring system with each other. Particularly preferred is R which is attached to Ar 1 to Ar 4 bonded, is selected at each occurrence, identically or differently, from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, Si(R 1 )3, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, in particular having 1, 2, 3 or 4 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 C atoms, wherein the alkyl group is optionally deuterated and / or substituted with one or more radicals R 1 may be substituted and is preferably unsubstituted except for one optional interpretation; two adjacent R can form a ring system with each other. Very particular preference is given to R which is attached to Ar 1 to Ar 4is bonded, is selected, identically or differently at each occurrence, from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, Si(C6H5)3, where the phenyl group may also be deuterated and / or substituted with one or more optionally deuterated methyl groups, or optionally deuterated methyl. Preferred substituents R, which bond to the carbon atom for X = CR, are selected, identically or differently at each occurrence, from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, OR 1 , N(R 1 )2, Si(R 1 )3, Ge(R 1 )3, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, wherein the alkyl group is optionally deuterated and / or substituted with one or more radicals R 1may be substituted and is preferably unsubstituted except for an optional deuteration, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, each of which is optionally deuterated and / or substituted by one or more radicals R 1 may be substituted. Particularly preferably, R, which for X = CR bonds to the carbon atom, is selected on each occurrence, identically or differently, from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, Si(R 1 )3, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, in particular having 1, 2, 3 or 4 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 C atoms, wherein the alkyl group is optionally deuterated and / or substituted with one or more radicals R 1may be substituted and is preferably unsubstituted except for an optional deuteration, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, each of which is optionally deuterated and / or substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , preferably non-aromatic residues R 1 , may be substituted. Very particularly preferably, R, which for X = CR bonds to the carbon atom, is selected on each occurrence, identically or differently, from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, Si(C6H5)3, where the phenyl group may optionally be deuterated and / or substituted by one or more optionally deuterated methyl groups, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may optionally be deuterated and / or substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , preferably non-aromatic residues R 1, can be substituted. Suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems R are selected from phenyl, biphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, spirobifluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, naphthalene, which can be linked via the 1- or 2-position, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzofuran, carbazole, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, indenocarbazole, indolocarbazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, triazine, quinoline, quinazoline, benzimidazole, phenanthrene,Triphenylene or a combination of two or three of these groups, each of which is partially or completely deuterated and / or with one or more radicals R, 1 may be substituted. If R represents a heteroaryl group, in particular triazine, pyrimidine, quinazoline or carbazole, aromatic or heteroaromatic radicals R 1 on this heteroaryl group. The groups R, when they represent an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, are preferably selected from the groups of the following formulas R-1 to R-144,

[0007] where R 1 has the meanings given above, the dashed bond represents the bond of the group and furthermore: Ar #is at each occurrence, identically or differently, a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 1 can be substituted; A 1 is the same or different each time it occurs BR 1 , C(R 1 )2, C=O, NR 1 , O or S; p is 0 or 1, where p = 0 means that the group Ar # is not present and that the corresponding aromatic or heteroaromatic group is directly attached to the corresponding carbon atom; r is 0 or 1, where r = 0 means that there is no group A at this position 1 and to the corresponding carbon atoms instead of residues R 1 These structures can also be partially or fully deuterated. If the above-mentioned groups Ar-1 to Ar-144 for Ar or R-1 to R-144 for R contain several groups A 1, all combinations from the definition of A 1 Preferred embodiments are then those in which a group A 1 for C(R)2, NR, O or S and the other group A 1 represents C(R)2, NR, O or S, if it is a group Ar, or in which a group A 1 for C(R 1 )2, NR 1 , O or S and the other group A 1 for C(R 1 )2, NR 1 , O or S if it is a group R. If A 1 for NR or NR 1 the substituent R or R 1 which is bonded to the nitrogen atom, preferably represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 or R 2 In a particularly preferred embodiment, this substituent R or R 1identically or differently on each occurrence represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, preferably having 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, and which can each also be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 or R 2 may be substituted. Particularly preferred are phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl and quaterphenyl with linkage patterns as listed above for Ar-1 to Ar-35 or R-1 to R-35, where these structures can also be partially or completely deuterated and / or substituted by one or more radicals R or R 1 may be substituted and are preferably unsubstituted except for the optional deuteration. If A 1 for C(R)2 or C(R 1 )2, the substituents R and R 1which are bonded to this carbon atom, preferably identically or differently on each occurrence, represent an optionally deuterated linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms or an optionally deuterated branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms or an optionally deuterated aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 or R 2 may be substituted. R or R 1 represents an optionally deuterated methyl group or an optionally deuterated phenyl group. The radicals R and R 1 also form a ring system with each other, resulting in a spiro system. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, R 1 identically or differently on each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, Si(R 2 )3, Ge(R 2)3, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl group is in each case partially or completely deuterated and / or substituted with one or more radicals R 2 may be substituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, each of which is partially or completely deuterated and / or substituted by one or more radicals R 2 may be substituted; two or more radicals R 1 together form an aliphatic ring system. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, R 1identically or differently on each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, D, Si(C6H5)3, where the phenyl group can also be optionally deuterated and / or substituted with one or more optionally deuterated methyl groups, an optionally deuterated straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, in particular having 1, 2, 3 or 4 C atoms, or an optionally deuterated branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 C atoms, where the alkyl group is substituted with one or more radicals R 2 may be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted apart from the optional deuteration, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, each of which is also optionally deuterated and / or substituted by one or more radicals R 2 may be substituted. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, R 2identically or differently on each occurrence, H, D, CN, F, an optionally deuterated alkyl group having 1 to 4 C atoms or an optionally deuterated aryl group having 6 to 10 C atoms, which may be substituted by an optionally deuterated alkyl group having 1 to 4 C atoms. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, all radicals R 1 , as long as they represent an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, selected from the groups R-1 to R-144, which, however, are then each substituted accordingly with R 2 instead of R 1are substituted. The alkyl groups in compounds according to the invention which are processed by vacuum evaporation preferably have no more than five carbon atoms, particularly preferably no more than 4 carbon atoms, most preferably no more than 1 carbon atom. The compounds according to the invention can be present as a racemate or as a pure enantiomer when used. The formation of enantiomers is possible, for example, if the groups Ar in the compounds according to the invention 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4all are selected differently. The above-mentioned preferred embodiments can be combined with one another as desired within the defined restrictions. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned preferences occur simultaneously. Examples of preferred compounds according to the above-listed embodiments that can be used as HTM1, HTM2, HTM3 and / or hTMM are the compounds listed in the following table.

[0008] Compounds according to formulas (1) and (2) and the preferred embodiments are known in the literature, for example from WO 2010 / 054729, WO 2024 / 132993, and the not yet published applications EP23194395.2 and EP23194396.0. Further examples of suitable hole-transporting matrix materials (hTMMs) are the benzimidazobenzimidazole derivatives listed in the following table: Further examples of suitable hole-transporting matrix materials (hTMM) are the compounds listed in the following table:

[0009] Other suitable hole-transporting and electron-blocking materials with a deep HOMO and high triplet level are the materials listed in the following table, which can be used as HTM2 in the hole-transporting layer or, if present, as HTM3 in a separate electron-blocking layer, but can also be used as HTM1 in the hole-injection layer: Other suitable hole-transporting and hole-injecting materials with a deep HOMO are those listed in the following table, although these materials are preferably not used in a layer adjacent to the EML:

[0010] P-dopants that can be used together with the hole-injection material HTM1 in the HIL of the OLED according to the invention and that have a suitable LUMO for doping hole-transport materials with a deep HOMO are generally known to those skilled in the art. Examples of suitable p-dopants are the structures shown in the table below. Further suitable p-dopants can be found, for example, in the following patent applications and patents: EP 1175470, US 7,365,360, US 8,748,015, US 8,481,177, US 9,166,178, DE 102012209523, WO 2009 / 003455, US 8,057,712, WO 2021 / 048044, WO 2022 / 101343, WO 2022 / 189431, US 2022 / 0199909, US 2020 / 087311 and US 2023 / 0309388. The p-dopant is preferably present in the hole-injection layer in a proportion ranging from 0.5 to 10 vol.%, particularly preferably in the range from 1 to 8 vol.%, and most preferably in the range from 2 to 5 vol.%. A phosphorescent emission layer is a layer that, in addition to the matrix materials, contains at least one phosphorescent compound that serves as an emitter, i.e., is responsible for the emission of the OLED. In a phosphorescent OLED, the proportion of the phosphorescent compound in the EML is preferably in the range from 5 to 20 vol.%.A hyperphosphorescent emission layer is a layer that, in addition to the matrix materials, contains at least one phosphorescent compound used as a sensitizer, the luminescence of which is not observed or not observed to a significant extent, and one or more fluorescent emitters, preferably one fluorescent emitter, which are responsible for the emission of the OLED. In a hyperphosphorescent OLED, the proportion of the phosphorescent compound is preferably in the range of 1 to 25 vol.%, more preferably 5 to 20 vol.%, and most preferably 8 to 15 vol.%, and the proportion of the fluorescent compound is in the range of 0.5 to 8 vol.%, more preferably 2 to 5 vol.%.In general, all blue-phosphorescent complexes as used according to the prior art for phosphorescent OLEDs and as known to the person skilled in the field of organic electroluminescence are suitable, and the person skilled in the art can use further phosphorescent complexes without inventive step. Suitable phosphorescent metal complexes that can be used in phosphorescent OLEDs or as sensitizers in hyperphosphorescent OLEDs are further disclosed, inter alia, in Sungho Nam et al., Adv. Sci. 2021, 2100586 and Eungdo Kin et al., Sci. Adv. 2022, 8, 1641.Further compounds suitable as sensitizers are disclosed in EP 3435438 A2, in particular compounds 2 and 3 on page 21, in CN 109111487, in particular the compounds on pages 76 and 77, in US 2020 / 0140471, in particular the compounds on pages 166 to 175; in KR 2020108705, in particular the compounds on pages 8 to 14, in US 2019 / 0119312, in particular the compounds on pages 114 to 121, and in US 2020 / 0411775, in particular the compounds on pages 123 to 128. Further suitable phosphorescent metal complexes are disclosed in US 2022 / 0115607, US 2022 / 0298193, US 2016 / 0072082, and US 2022 / 0271236. According to the invention, the organic electroluminescent device contains at least one blue-phosphorescent metal complex, in particular at least one blue-phosphorescent platinum complex. The energy of the lowest triplet state T1 of the at least one blue-phosphorescent metal complex is preferably >2.55 eV, particularly preferably >2.65 eV, as defined by quantum mechanical calculations. Suitable platinum complexes that are suitable as blue phosphorescent emitters or as sensitizers for hyperphosphorescent OLEDs are disclosed in US 2020 / 0140471, US 2020 / 0216481, US 2021 / 0284672, US 2022 / 0271236, US 2022 / 0399517, US 2023 / 0157041, US 2023 / 0147748, and US 2023 / 0065887. Compounds of the formula (Pt-1) according to the following definition are very suitable as blue phosphorescent metal complexes:. where: Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 , Y 5 same or different at each occurrence for a group CR Y or N; or Y 1 -Y 2 and / or Y 3 -Y 4 or Y 4 -Y 5 can form a condensed aryl or heteroaryl ring having 5 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which can also be substituted by one or more radicals R; E 50at each occurrence, the same or different for C(R C0 )2, NR N0 , O or S; Ar 50 at each occurrence, identically or differently, is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may also be substituted by one or more radicals R; Ar 51 , Ar 52 , Ar 53 identical or different represent a condensed aryl or heteroaryl ring having 5 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may also be substituted by one or more radicals R; R Yat each occurrence, identically or differently, represents a radical selected from H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, CHO, CN, C(=O)R, P(=O)(R)2, S(=O)R, S(=O)2Ar, N(R)2, NO2, Si(R)3, B(OR)2, OSO2R, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 40 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 3 to 40 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, where in each case one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are replaced by R=CR, C≡C, Si(R)2, Ge(R)2, Sn(R)2, C=O, C=S, C=Se, P(=O)(R), SO, SO2, O, S or CONR and wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO2, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, and an aryloxy group having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, wherein two radicals R。Y together form an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which may be substituted by one or more radicals R'; R C0 at each occurrence, identically or differently, represents a radical selected from H, D, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 40 C atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, an aryl or heteroaryl group having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, where two radicals R C together may form an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which is substituted by one or more radicals R; R N0at each occurrence, identically or differently, represents a radical selected from H, D, F, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 40 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 40 C atoms, each substituted by one or more radicals R and where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D, F or CN, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each substituted by one or more radicals R; and R has the same meaning as above. Preferably, Ar 50 at each occurrence, identically or differently, denotes an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30, particularly preferably 6 to 24 and very particularly preferably 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case also be substituted by one or more radicals R. Preferably, Ar 51 , Ar 52 , Ar 53identical or different represent a condensed aryl or heteroaryl ring having 6 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may also be substituted by one or more radicals R. Preferably, R Yat each occurrence, identically or differently, represents H, D, F, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 20 and more preferably 1 to 10 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 3 to 40, preferably 3 to 20 and more preferably 3 to 10 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, where one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by RC=CR, C≡C, O or S and where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D or F, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30, particularly preferably 5 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R. R is preferably C0at each occurrence, identically or differently, represents a radical selected from H, D, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 6 and more preferably 1 to 3 C atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, an aryl or heteroaryl group having 6 to 18 and preferably 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, where two radicals R C0 together may form an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system substituted by one or more radicals R. Preferably, R N0at each occurrence, identically or differently, represents a radical selected from an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40, particularly preferably 5 to 30, and even more preferably 5 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R. Examples of suitable blue-phosphorescent platinum complexes are shown below:

[0011] Other suitable blue phosphorescent compounds that can be used as sensitizers or as blue phosphorescent emitters are the compounds listed in the following table: In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electron-transporting matrix material eTMM has a LUMO of ≤ −2.10 eV, particularly preferably ≤ −2.30 eV, and very particularly preferably ≤ −2.40 eV. Preferred electron-transporting matrix materials eTMM that can be used in the organic electroluminescent device according to the invention are aromatic ketones, aromatic phosphine oxides, or aromatic sulfoxides or sulfones, e.g., according to WO 2004 / 013080, WO 2004 / 093207, WO 2006 / 005627, or WO 2010 / 006680, azacarbazole derivatives, e.g., B. according to EP 1617710, EP 1617711, EP 1731584, JP 2005 / 347160, bipolar matrix materials, e.g. B. according to WO 2007 / 137725, silanes, e.g. B. according to WO 2005 / 111172, azaboroles or boronate esters, e.g. B. according to WO 2006 / 117052 or WO 2013 / 091762, triazine derivatives, e.g. B. according to WO 2007 / 063754, WO 2008 / 056746, WO 2010 / 015306, WO 2011 / 057706, WO 2011 / 060859 or WO 2011 / 060877, zinc complexes, e.g.according to EP 652273 or WO 2009 / 062578, diazaphosphole derivatives, e.g. according to WO 2010 / 054730, lactams, e.g. according to WO 2011 / 116865 or WO 2011 / 137951, or dibenzofuran derivatives, e.g. according to WO 2015 / 169412, WO 2016 / 015810, WO 2016 / 023608, WO 2017 / 148564 or WO 2017 / 148565. Particularly suitable matrix materials that can be advantageously used as eTMM in the OLED according to the invention can be selected from the compounds of the following formulas (eTMM1) or (eTMM2). where the symbols and indices used are: L 2 is at each occurrence, identically or differently, a single bond or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 24 ring atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 7 may be substituted; R# is at each occurrence, identically or differently, D, F, CN or an aromatic ring system having 6 to 24 ring atoms, which is substituted by one or more radicals R 6may be substituted; Y is the same or different at each occurrence and is N or CR 7 , whereby it is excluded that two adjacent Y simultaneously mean N; V 2 is O or S; R 6 is the same or different at each occurrence: H, D, F, CN, Si(R 7 )3, Ge(R 7 )3, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group is each substituted by one or more radicals R 7 may be substituted and wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are substituted by Si(R 7 )2, C=O, NR 7 , O, S or CONR 7 may be replaced, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 60 ring atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 7 can be substituted; two radicals R 6also form an aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring system; Ar 5 represents, identically or differently at each occurrence, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 ring atoms, which is substituted by one or more radicals R 7 may be substituted; R 7 is the same or different at each occurrence: H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, N(R 8 )2, CN, NO2, OR 8 , SR 8 , Si(R 8 )3, Ge(R 8 )3, B(OR 8 )2, C(=O)R 8 , P(=O)(R 8 )2, S(=O)R 8 , S(=O)2R 8 , OSO2R 8 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group is each substituted by one or more radicals R 8may be substituted, with one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups being substituted by Si(R 8 )2, C=O, NR 8 , O, S or CONR 8 may be replaced, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 ring atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 8 may be substituted; two or more radicals R 7 form an aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring system; R 8 is, on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F or an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic organic radical, in particular a hydrocarbon radical, having 1 to 20 C atoms, in which one or more H atoms may also be replaced by F; b1 is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; b2 is 0, 1, 2 or 3. Preferred compounds of the formula (eTMM1) are the compounds of the formulae (eTMM1a), (eTMM1b), (eTMM1c), (eTMM1d) and (eTMM1e),

[0012] where the symbols and indices for these formulas have the following meaning: W, W 1 mean, the same or different at each occurrence, O, S, C(R W )2or N-Ar 5 ; R W is, on each occurrence, identically or differently, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D, F, or CN, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 ring atoms, which may be replaced by one or more substituents selected from D, F, CN, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, where one or more H atoms of the alkyl group on the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system may be replaced by D, F, or CN; the two radicals R Wwhich bind to the same carbon atom also form a ring system with each other; A is the same or different at each occurrence CR 7 or N, where a maximum of two groups A per cycle stand for N and where A stands for C, if at this position L 2 is bound; a3 is, at each occurrence, the same or different, 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; b3 is, at each occurrence, the same or different, 0, 1, 2 or 3; R ing B is derived from an aryl group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, which may be substituted with one or more substituents R#; L3 is an aromatic ring system with 6 to 40 ring atoms or a heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 ring atoms, which are linked to one or more radicals R 7 can be substituted; L 2 , X, Ar5, R 7 and R# have the meanings given above. Particularly preferred matrix materials eTMM are the compounds of the following formulas (eTMM1c*) or (eTMM1c**), where the symbols and indices used have the meanings given above and the compound may also be partially or fully deuterated. Particularly preferred groups are Ar 5 identically or differently at each occurrence selected from phenyl, meta-biphenyl, N-carbazolyl or N-benzimidazobenzimidazole, each of which can also be substituted by one or more radicals R 7 Furthermore, at least one and particularly preferably exactly one of the substituents which are attached to the N-carbazolyl group or to Ar 5 are bonded, a triphenylsilyl group. The compound of the formula (eTMM1c*) or (eTMM-1c**) particularly preferably has a group Ar 5 which represents a phenyl group substituted in the meta-position with a triphenylsilyl group, so that it is particularly preferably a compound of the following formula (eTMM1c*-Si) or (eTMM-1c**-Si), where the symbols and indices used have the meanings given above and the compound may also be partially or fully deuterated. Where Ar 5 preferably selected from phenyl, meta-biphenyl, N-carbazolyl or N-benzimidazobenzimidazole, each of which can also be substituted by one or more radicals R 7 may be substituted. In compounds of formula (eTMM1a) W is preferably O or N-Ar 5 In compounds of the formula (eTMM1a), A is preferably the same or different at each occurrence CR 7 , where A stands for C, if at this position L 2 In compounds of the formula (eTMM1d) W 1 prefers O, C(R W )2 or N-Ar 5 , particularly preferably N-Ar 5 . In compounds of the formula (eTMM1e) L 3 preferably a heteroaromatic ring system with 9 to 30 ring atoms, which is substituted with one or more radicals R 7may be substituted. In a preferred embodiment of the compounds of the formulas (eTMM1), (eTMM1a), (eTMM1b), (eTMM1c), (eTMM1d), (eTMM1e) or (eTMM2), R 7 identically or differently at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, Si(R 8 )3, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, wherein the alkyl group is in each case substituted with one or more radicals R 8 may be substituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 60 ring atoms, preferably having 5 to 40 ring atoms, each substituted by one or more radicals R 8 may be substituted. R is particularly preferably 7 in these compounds, identically or differently at each occurrence, selected from the group consisting of H, D or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 ring atoms, which is reacted with one or more radicals R8may be substituted. The preparation of the compounds of formulas (eTMM1), (eTMM1a), (eTMM1b), (eTMM1c), (eTMM1d), (eTMM1e) and (eTMM2) are generally known, and some of the compounds are commercially available. Suitable compounds of the formula (eTMM1) are known, for example, from the following publications: WO2007 / 077810A1, WO2008 / 056746A1, WO2010 / 136109A1, WO2011 / 057706A2, WO2011 / 160757A1, WO2012 / 023947A1, WO2012 / 048781A1, WO2013 / 077352A1, WO2013147205A1, WO2013 / 083216A1, WO2014 / 094963A1, WO2014 / 007564A1, WO2014 / 015931A1, WO2015 / 090504A2, WO2015 / 105251A1, WO2015 / 169412A1, WO2016 / 015810A1, WO2016 / 013875A1, WO2016 / 010402A1, WO2016 / 033167A1, WO2017 / 178311A1, WO2017 / 076485A1, WO2017 / 186760A1, WO2018 / 004096A1, WO2018 / 016742A1, WO2018 / 123783A1, WO2018 / 159964A1, WO2018 / 174678A1, WO2018 / 174679A1, WO2018 / 174681A1, WO2018 / 174682A1, WO2019 / 177407A1, WO2019 / 245164A1, WO2019 / 240473A1, WO2019 / 017730A1, WO2019 / 017731A1, WO2019 / 017734A1, WO2019 / 145316A1, WO2019 / 121458A1, WO2020 / 130381A1,WO2020 / 130509A1, WO2020 / 169241A1, WO2020 / 141949A1, WO2021 / 066623A1, WO2021 / 101220A1, WO2021 / 037401A1, WO2021 / 180614A1, WO2021 / 239772A1, WO2022 / 015084A1, WO2022 / 025714A1, WO2022 / 055169A1, EP3575296A1, EP3591728A1, US2014 / 0361254A1, US2014 / 0361268A1, KR20210036304A, KR20210036857A, KR2021147993A, JP2011 / 160367A2 and JP2017 / 107992A2. Suitable compounds of the formula (eTMM2) are known, for example, from the following publications: WO2015 / 182872A1, WO2015 / 105316A1, WO2017 / 109637A1, WO2018 / 060307A1, WO2018 / 151479A2, WO2018 / 088665A2, WO2018 / 060218A1, WO2018 / 234932A1, WO2019 / 058200A1, WO2019 / 017730A1, WO2019 / 017731A1, WO2019 / 066282A1, WO2019 / 059577A1, WO2020 / 141949A1, WO2020 / 067657A1, WO2022063744A1, WO2022 / 090108A1, WO2022 / 207678A1, KR2019035308A, KR2021147993A, CN110437241A, US2016 / 072078A1. If the matrix material is a deuterated compound, it is possible that the matrix material is a mixture of deuterated compounds with the same basic chemical structure.which differ only in the degree of deuteration. In a preferred embodiment of the matrix material, this is a mixture of deuterated hole-transporting matrix materials hTMM or electron-transporting matrix materials eTMM of the formula (eTMM1), (eTMM1a), (eTMM1b), (eTMM1c), (eTMM1d), (eTMM1e) or (eTMM2), as described above, wherein the degree of deuteration of these compounds is at least 50% to at least 90%, preferably 70% to 100%. The concentration of the sum of all hole-transporting host materials hTMM in the OLED according to the invention is usually in the range from 5 vol.% to 90 vol.%, preferably in the range from 10 vol.% to 85 vol.%, more preferably in the range from 20 vol.% to 85 vol.%, even more preferably in the range from 30 vol.% to 80 vol.%, very particularly preferably in the range from 40 vol.% to 70 vol.% and most preferably in the range from 45 vol.% to 65 vol.%,based on the total composition of the emitting layer. The concentration of the sum of all electron-transporting host materials in the emitting layer of the device according to the invention is typically in the range from 5 vol.% to 90 vol.%, preferably in the range from 10 vol.% to 85 vol.%, more preferably in the range from 20 vol.% to 85 vol.%, even more preferably in the range from 30 vol.% to 80 vol.%, very particularly preferably in the range from 40 vol.% to 70 vol.%, and most preferably in the range from 45 vol.% to 65 vol.%, based on the total composition of the emitting layer. Examples of suitable electron-transporting matrix materials (eTMM) are the compounds shown below:

[0013] If the OLED according to the invention is a hyperphosphorescent OLED, the EML contains, in addition to hTMM, eTMM, and the blue-phosphorescent compound, at least one fluorescent compound, in particular a blue-fluorescent compound. This is then the emitting compound in the OLED. The fluorescent emitter preferably has an emission maximum between 420 and 550 nm, particularly preferably between 420 and 470 nm. Preferred fluorescent emitting compounds for hyperphosphorescent OLEDs are selected from the class of arylamines. In the context of the present invention, an arylamine or an aromatic amine is understood to mean a compound containing three substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems that are directly bonded to the nitrogen.Preferably, at least one of these aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems is a condensed ring system, particularly preferably having at least 14 aromatic ring atoms. Preferred examples are aromatic anthraceneamines, aromatic anthracenediamines, aromatic pyreneamines, aromatic pyrenediamines, aromatic chrysenamines, or aromatic chrysenediamines. An aromatic anthraceneamine is understood to be a compound in which a diarylamino group is bonded directly to an anthracene group, preferably in the 9-position. An aromatic anthracenediamine is understood to be a compound in which two diarylamino groups are bonded directly to an anthracene group, preferably in the 9- and 10-positions. Aromatic pyreneamines, pyrenediamines, chrysenamines, and chrysenediamines are defined analogously, in which the diarylamino groups are bonded to the pyrene, preferably in the 1-position or 1,6-position.Further preferred emitting compounds are indenofluorenamines or fluorenediamines, for example according to WO 2006 / 108497 or WO 2006 / 122630, benzoindenofluorenamines or benzofluorenediamines, for example according to WO 2008 / 006449, and dibenzoindenofluorenamines or diamines, for example according to WO 2007 / 140847, as well as the indenofluorene derivatives with fused aryl groups disclosed in WO 2010 / 012328. Likewise preferred are the pyrenarylamines disclosed in WO 2012 / 048780 and WO 2013 / 185871. Also preferred are the benzoindenofluorenamines disclosed in WO 2014 / 037077, the benzofluorenamines disclosed in WO 2014 / 106522, the extended benzoindenofluorenes disclosed in WO 2014 / 111269 and WO 2017 / 036574, the phenoxazines disclosed in WO 2017 / 028940 and WO 2017 / 028941, and the fluorine derivatives bonded to furan units or to thiophene units disclosed in WO 2016 / 150544.Furthermore, boron compounds according to WO 2020 / 208051, WO 2015 / 102118, WO 2016 / 152418, WO 2018 / 095397, WO 2019 / 004248, WO 2019 / 132040, US 2020 / 0161552 and WO 2021 / 089450, WO 2015 / 102118, KR 2018046851, WO 2019 / 009052, WO 2020 / 101001, US 2020 / 0207787, WO 2020 / 138874, KR 2020081978, JP 2020-147563, US 2020 / 0335705 or KR 2022041028 are used. Preferably, the at least one fluorescent emitter has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of ≤ 50 nm, preferably FWHM ≤ 40 nm, more preferably FWHM ≤ 30 nm. Preferably, the at least one fluorescent emitter has a LUMO of −2.1 eV to −2.5 eV, preferably of −2.2 eV to −2.4 eV, as defined by quantum chemical calculations. Preferably, the at least one fluorescent emitter has a HOMO of −4.8 eV to −5.2 eV, preferably of −4.9 eV to −5.1 eV, as defined by quantum chemical calculations, which are described in detail in the examples section.Preferably, the energy of the lowest singlet state S1 of the fluorescent emitter is between 2.65 eV and 2.9 eV, preferably between 2.7 and 2.8 eV, more preferably between 2.7 and 2.75 eV, as defined by quantum mechanical calculations. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fluorescent emitter is selected from structures of the following formula (F-1). where R has the meanings given above and the other symbols and indices used are: Ar 30 , Ar 31 , Ar 32 is, identically or differently on each occurrence, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms; Y 30 is B or N; Y 31 , Y 32 , Y 33 is the same or different at each occurrence and stands for O, S, C(R 0 )2, C=O, C=S, C=NR 0 , C=C(R 0 )2, Si(R 0 )2, BR 0 , NR 0 , PR 0, SO2, SeO2 or a chemical bond, with the proviso that if Y 30 for B, at least one of the groups Y 31 , Y 32 , Y 33 for NR 0 stands, and if Y 30 represents N, at least one of the group Y 31 , Y 32 , Y 33 for BR 0 stands; R 0is, identical or different on each occurrence, H, D, F, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20, preferably having 1 to 10 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20, preferably having 3 to 10 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more substituents R, where one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by O or S and where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D or F, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40, preferably having 5 to 30, particularly preferably having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more substituents R; two adjacent substituents R 0together form an aliphatic or aromatic ring system which may be substituted by one or more substituents R; q is 0 or 1. Particular preference is given to compounds in which: - q = 0; Y 30 = B; and Y 31 , Y 32 = NR 0 ; or - q = 0; Y 30 = B; and Y 31 , Y 32 = NR 0 ; or - q = 1; Y 30 = N; and Y 31 , Y 32 = BR 0 ; Y 33 = chemical bond. Examples of suitable fluorescent emitters are shown in the table below: The OLED according to the invention preferably comprises at least one, preferably two or more different electron-transporting layers. Compounds that can be used in these layers are all materials that are used according to the prior art as electron-transport materials in the electron-transport layer. Particularly suitable are aluminum complexes, e.g., Alq3; zirconium complexes, e.g., Zrq4; lithium complexes, e.g., Liq; benzimidazole derivatives, triazine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, pyridine derivatives, pyrazine derivatives, quinoxaline derivatives, quinoline derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, aromatic ketones, lactams, boranes, diazaphosphole derivatives, and phosphine oxide derivatives. Further suitable materials are derivatives of the aforementioned compounds as disclosed in JP 2000 / 053957, WO 2003 / 060956, WO 2004 / 028217, WO 2004 / 080975 and WO 2010 / 072300.The device is structured accordingly (depending on the application), contacted, and finally sealed to exclude harmful influences from water and air. Also preferred is an organic electroluminescent device characterized by one or more layers being coated using a sublimation process. The materials are sublimated in vacuum sublimation systems at an initial pressure of less than 10. -5 mbar, preferably less than 10 -6 mbar. However, it is also possible that the initial pressure is even lower, for example less than 10 -7 mbar. Also preferred is an organic electroluminescent device, characterized in that one or more layers are coated using the OVPD (Organic Vapor Phase Deposition) process or by means of carrier gas sublimation. The materials are sublimated at a pressure between 10 -5mbar and 1 bar. A special case of this process is the OVJP (Organic Vapour Jet Printing) process, in which the materials are applied directly through a nozzle and thus structured. Also preferred is an organic electroluminescent device, characterized in that one or more layers are produced from solution, for example by spin coating, or using any printing process, such as screen printing, flexographic printing, offset printing, LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing), inkjet printing or nozzle printing. This requires soluble compounds, which are obtained, for example, by suitable substitution. Furthermore, hybrid processes are possible, in which, for example, one or more layers are applied from solution and one or more further layers are vapor deposited.These methods are generally known to those skilled in the art and can be applied by them to the organic electroluminescent devices according to the invention without inventive step. The organic electroluminescent devices according to the invention are characterized by an improved operating voltage compared to OLEDs that do not have the present device structure. The improved operating voltage also improves the power efficiency of the OLED. The lifetime remains comparably good. The invention is explained in more detail by the following examples, without intending to limit it thereby. From the descriptions, those skilled in the art can implement the invention within the entire disclosed scope and produce further organic electroluminescent devices according to the invention without inventive step. Examples: General method for calculating the parameters The Gaussian program package (Gaussian16) is used for all quantum chemical calculations.The singlet ground-state geometries are optimized with B3LYP / 6-31G(d), where 6-31G(d) is used for all nonmetals. For d-metals, LANL2DZ and the corresponding pseudopotential are used. For lanthanides, def2-SVP is used together with the pseudopotential. Standard settings for SCF (self-consistent convergence) and geometry optimizations are used for the calculations. To account for the special bonding conditions for the lanthanide compounds, a polarizable continuum model (PCM) is used to calculate the singlet ground-state geometries (IEFPCM, solvent acetonitrile, default settings in Gaussian16 for cavity and solvation surface). The resulting HOMO and LUMO values ​​in eV for nonmetallic compounds and d-metal-containing compounds are correlated with CV measurements.For organic compounds and organometallic compounds that contain transition metals or main group elements and are not used as p-dopants, the following correlations are used: HOMO corr.(eV) = (HOMO(eV)*0.90603) - 0.84836 LUMO corr. (eV) = (LUMO(eV)*0.99687) - 0.72445 For organic compounds and organometallic compounds that contain transition metals or main group elements but no lanthanides and are used as p-dopants, the following correlation is used: LUMO corr. (eV) = (LUMO(eV)*0.8776) - 0.3879 For lanthanide compounds that are used as p-dopants, the following correlation is used: LUMO corr. (eV) = (LUMO(eV)*0.8728) - 1.4919 For the purpose of this application, the values ​​calculated in this way are to be regarded as HOMO and LUMO orbital energies of the materials.To evaluate the singlet excitations (vertical excitations), TD-DFT singlet and triplet excitations (vertical excitations) are calculated using the same method (B3LYP / 6-31G(d)) and the optimized ground-state geometry (B3LYP / 6-31G(d)). To evaluate the adiabatic T1 level, the molecular geometry is optimized at the B3LYP / 6-31G* level in both the singlet ground state (S0) and the T1 state, using UB3LP for the T1 state. For d-metals, LANL2DZ and the corresponding pseudopotential are used. The vibrational states and the resulting zero-point energies (ZPE) are then calculated using the same method. The adiabatic zero-point energy-corrected energy difference is used as a measure of the T1 level. The Gaussian16 program package is used for all calculations. OLED examples The production of OLEDs has already been described several times in the literature, e.g. in WO 2004 / 058911. The process is adapted to the conditions described below, i.e. layer thickness variations, layer sequences and materials. Examples of OLED components according to preferred embodiments of the invention are described below. All exemplary OLED components are characterized by the following layer structure: - glass plate (hereinafter also glass substrate or substrate), - indium tin oxide (hereinafter ITO) as anode, - hole injection layer (hereinafter HIL) - hole transport layer (hereinafter HTL), - electron blocker layer (hereinafter EBL), - emission layer (hereinafter EML), - hole blocker layer (hereinafter HBL), - electron transport layer (hereinafter ETL), - electron injection layer (hereinafter EIL), - aluminum (hereinafter cathode).The glass substrates with the structured 50 nm thick ITO are pretreated with an oxygen plasma followed by an argon plasma. The materials for the HIL, HTL, EBL, EML, HBL, ETL, and EIL are then applied to the pretreated glass substrate by thermal evaporation in a vacuum chamber. The cathode consists of an aluminum layer with a thickness of 100 nm. The following exemplary embodiments correspond to preferred embodiments of the invention. The structure of the exemplary embodiments is shown in Table 1 and Table 2. All exemplary embodiments have an identical layer sequence with identical layer thicknesses and identical electron-transporting materials in the EIL, ETL, and HBL. In all exemplary embodiments, the emission layer contains an identical electron-transporting host material (eTMM), an identical phosphorescent light-emitting heavy metal complex (BD), and a hole-transporting host material (hTMM).All materials of the emission layer (EML) are deposited in parallel at a specific deposition rate, i.e., by co-evaporation, to form a homogeneous, amorphous mixture. The deposition rate of the individual materials can be selected so that each material is present in the mixture at a specific volume fraction (vol%). The volume fraction of the light-emitting heavy metal complex (BD) is 10 vol% in all embodiments. In all embodiments, an identical dopant (PD) with a volume fraction of 5 vol% is deposited in the hole injection layer (HIL) by co-evaporation. The examples according to the invention can be compared with examples according to the prior art. The devices differ with regard to the hole-transporting materials in the HIL (HIM), HTL (HTM), and EBL (EBM), as well as the hole-transporting host material in the EML (hTMM).Furthermore, the devices can differ with regard to the volume fraction of the hole-transporting host material and the volume fraction of the electron-transporting host material in the EML. The hole-transporting materials used in the respective embodiments and their volume fractions are listed in Table 2. For example, the composition of an EML comprising a hole-transporting host material (hTMM) at 40 vol.%, an electron-transporting host material (eTMM) at 50 vol.%, and a phosphorescent heavy metal complex (BD) at 10 vol.% is referred to as "hTMM (40%)" in Table 2. The calculated values ​​of the orbital energies of the HOMO orbital and the calculated energies of the first excited triplet state of the materials used are listed in Table 3. The molecular structures of the materials used are given in Table 4.The calculated value of the orbital energy of the LUMO orbital of the p-dopant PD is -5.62 eV. The performance of OLED devices can be measured using standard methods. For this purpose, the electroluminescence (EL) spectra and the external quantum efficiency (EQE) can be determined from current / voltage / luminance (IUL) curves, assuming a Lambertian emission profile. The operating voltage U is defined as the voltage required for a current density of 10 mA / cm². In Table 2, the voltage U is shown as a relative voltage (rel. U), whereby the voltage of the reference device in the respective comparison example was set to 100% rel. U. The EQE is the external quantum efficiency, i.e., the ratio of the number of emitted photons to the number of injected charge carriers, at a current density of 10 mA / cm². In Table 2, the external quantum efficiency is shown as relative external quantum efficiency (rel. EQE), where the EQE of the reference component in the respective comparison example was set to 100% rel. EQE.The lifetime LT90 is defined as the time after which the luminance drops to 90% of the initial luminance during operation at a constant current density of 5 mA / cm². Table 2 shows the lifetime LT90 as a relative lifetime (rel. LT90), with the lifetime of the reference component in each comparison example set to 100% rel. LT. Example Ex1: This OLED device can be compared to an OLED device according to the prior art SdT1. The two devices differ in the materials used, HTM and HIM. The OLED component according to Ex1 exhibits a better operating voltage than the OLED component according to StD1 while maintaining the same external quantum efficiency and lifetime. Example Ex2: This OLED device can be compared to an OLED device according to the prior art SdT1. The two devices differ in the materials used, HTM and HIM. The OLED component according to Ex2 exhibits a better operating voltage than the OLED component according to StD1 while maintaining the same external quantum efficiency and lifetime. Example Ex3: This OLED device can be compared to an OLED device according to the prior art SdT1. The two devices differ in the materials used, HTM and HIM.The OLED device according to Ex3 exhibits a better operating voltage than the OLED device according to StD1 while maintaining the same external quantum efficiency and lifetime. Example Ex4: This OLED device can be compared with an OLED device according to the prior art SdT1. The two devices differ in the materials used: EBM, HTM, and HIM. The OLED device according to Ex4 exhibits a better operating voltage than the OLED device according to StD1 while maintaining the same external quantum efficiency and lifetime. Example Ex5: This OLED device can be compared with an OLED device according to the prior art SdT1 while maintaining the same external quantum efficiency and lifetime.Example Ex6: This OLED device can be compared to an OLED device according to the prior art SdT2. The two devices differ in the materials used, HTM and HIM. The OLED device according to Ex6 exhibits a better operating voltage than the OLED device according to StD2 while maintaining the same external quantum efficiency and lifetime. Example Ex7: This OLED device can be compared to an OLED device according to the prior art SdT2. The two devices differ in the materials used, HTM and HIM. The OLED device according to Ex7 exhibits a better operating voltage than the OLED device according to StD2 while maintaining the same external quantum efficiency and lifetime. Example Ex8: This OLED device can be compared to an OLED device according to the prior art SdT2.The two devices differ in the materials used: EBM, HTM, and HIM. The OLED device according to Ex8 exhibits a better operating voltage than the OLED device according to StD2, while maintaining the same external quantum efficiency and lifetime. Example Ex9: This OLED device can be compared with an OLED device according to the state-of-the-art SdT2. The two devices differ in the materials used: HTM and HIM. The OLED device according to Ex9 exhibits a better operating voltage than the OLED device according to StD2, while maintaining the same external quantum efficiency and lifetime. Only a hole-transporting material is used to deposit the OLED device according to Ex9. Table 3: Energies of the HOMO orbital and the first excited triplet state (T1). Table 4: Structural formulas of OLED materials

Claims

Patent claims 1. An organic electroluminescent device comprising, in this order, an anode, a hole-injection layer (HIL) comprising at least one hole-transport material HTM1 and a p-dopant, at least one hole-transport layer (HTL) comprising at least one hole-transport material HTM2, an emitting layer (EML) comprising at least one hole-transporting host material hTMM, at least one electron-transporting host material eTMM, and at least one blue-phosphorescent compound, and a cathode, characterized in that the hole-transporting host material hTMM and the hole-transport materials HTM1 and HTM2 each have a HOMO of ≤ −5.30 eV. 2.The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole-injection layer consists of a mixture of the hole-transport material HTM1 and the p-dopant, or that it is a thin pure layer of the p-dopant directly adjacent to the anode and a layer of the hole-transport material HTM1 adjacent to the layer of the p-dopant.

3. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an electron-blocking layer (EBL) containing at least one hole-transport material HTM3 having a HOMO of ≤ −5.30 eV is present between the hole-transport layer (HTL) and the emitting layer (EML).Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is a phosphorescent device and the emitting layer contains no further compounds apart from hTMM, eTMM and the blue phosphorescent compound, or that it is a hyperphosphorescent device and the emitting layer contains at least one fluorescent compound apart from hTMM, eTMM and the blue phosphorescent compound.

5. The organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hole-transporting host material hTMM and the hole-transporting materials HTM1, HTM2, and, if present, HTM3 all have a HOMO of ≤ −5.35 eV, preferably a HOMO of ≤ −5.40 eV.

6. The organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hole-transporting host material hTMM, the electron-transporting host material eTMM, and the hole-transporting material directly adjacent to the emitting layer have a triplet energy of ≥ 2.6 eV.

7. Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the triplet energy T1 of the hole-transporting host material hTMM, the electron-transporting host material eTMM and the hole-transporting material directly adjacent to the emitting layer is at least 0.1 eV higher than the triplet energy of the phosphorescent compound.

8. Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the following applies to the LUMO of the p-dopant: LUMOp-dopant ≤ HOMOHTM1 + 0.3 eV, where LUMOp-dopant represents the LUMO of the p-dopant and HOMOHTM1 represents the HOMO of the hole transport material HTM1.

9. Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that conditions a) and b) apply when no separate electron blocking layer is used: a) │HOMOHTM1 - HOMOHTM2│ ≤ 0.1 eV and b) │HOMOHTM2 - HOMOhTMM│ ≤ 0.1 eV. and that conditions a), b) and c) apply when a separate electron-blocking layer is used: a) │HOMOHTM1 - HOMOHTM2│ ≤ 0.1 eV and b) │HOMOHTM2 - HOMOHTM3│ ≤ 0.1 eV and c) │HOMOHTM3 - HOMOhTMM│ ≤ 0.1 eV, where HOMOHTM1, HOMOHTM2, HOMOHTM3 and HOMOhTMM are the HOMO of the materials HTM1, HTM2, HTM3 and hTMM, respectively.

10. Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that hTMM and HTM2, if no separate electron-blocking layer is used, or hTMM and HTM3, if a separate electron-blocking layer is used, are identical.

11. Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that HTM1 and HTM2 are identical. 12.Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that no separate electron-blocking layer is used and HTM1, HTM2, and hTMM are identical.

13. Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that HTM1, HTM2, HTM3, and / or hTMM are selected from compounds according to formula (1) or formula (2), formula (1) formula (2). where the following applies to the symbols used: X is, at each occurrence, the same or different, CR or N, with the proviso that not more than two X per cycle represent N; Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 , Ar 4 is at each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R; where Ar 3 and Ar 4in formula (2) may also be linked to one another by a single bond or a group selected from CR2, NR, O or S; R is, at each occurrence, identical or different, H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, OR 1 , SR 1 , B(OR 1 )2, CHO, C(=O)R 1 , CR 1 =C(R 1 )2, CN, C(=O)OR 1 , C(=O)NR 1 , Si(R 1 )3, Ge(R 1 )3, NO2, P(=O)(R 1 )2, OSO2R 1 , OR 1 , N(R 1 )2, S(=O)R 1 , S(=O)2R 1 , SR 1 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group is each substituted by one or more radicals R 1 may be substituted, with one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups being replaced by -R 1 C=CR 1 -, -C≡C-, Si(R 1 )2, CONR 1, C=O, C=S, -C(=O)O-, P(=O)(R 1 ), -O-, -S-, SO or SO2, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, each substituted by one or more radicals R 1 may be substituted; two or more radicals R may form a ring system with each other; R 1 is the same or different at each occurrence: H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, B(OR 2 )2, CHO, C(=O)R 2 , CR 2 =C(R 2 )2, CN, C(=O)OR 2 , Si(R 2 )3, Ge(R 2 )3, NO2, P(=O)(R 2 )2, OSO2R 2 , SR 2 , S(=O)R 2 , S(=O)2R 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, where the alkyl, Alkenyl or alkynyl group each with one or more radicals R 2may be substituted and wherein one or more CH2 groups in the above-mentioned groups are substituted by -R 2 C=CR 2 -, -C≡C-, Si(R 2 )2, C=O, C=S, -C(=O)O-, CONR 2 , P(=O)(R 2 ), -S-, SO or SO2 and where one or more H atoms in the above-mentioned groups can be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO2, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 2 may be substituted, where two or more radicals R 1 can form a ring system with each other; R 2 is, identically or differently at each occurrence, H, D, F, CN or an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, in which one or more H atoms may be replaced by D or F; two or more substituents R 2be linked together and form a ring.

14. Organic electroluminescent device according to claim 13, characterized in that the compounds of formula (1) or (2) are selected from the compounds of formula (3) or (4), wherein the symbols used have the meanings given in claim 14.

15. Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the blue-phosphorescent compound has a structure of the formula (Pt-1), where R has the same meaning as described in claim 14, and furthermore: Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 , Y 5 same or different at each occurrence for a group CR Y or N; or Y 1 -Y 2 and / or Y 3 -Y 4 or Y 4 -Y 5can form a condensed aryl or heteroaryl ring with 5 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be substituted by one or more radicals R; E 50 at each occurrence, the same or different for C(R C0 )2, NR N0 , O or S; Ar 50 at each occurrence, identically or differently, is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may also be substituted by one or more radicals R; Ar 51 , Ar 52 , Ar 53 identical or different represent a condensed aryl or heteroaryl ring having 5 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may also be substituted by one or more radicals R; R Yat each occurrence, identically or differently, represents a radical selected from H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, CHO, CN, C(=O)R, P(=O)(R)2, S(=O)R, S(=O)2Ar, N(R)2, NO2, Si(R)3, B(OR)2, OSO2R, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 40 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group with 3 to 40 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, where one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by RC=CR, C≡C, Si(R)2, Ge(R)2, Sn(R)2, C=O, C=S, C=Se, P(=O)(R), SO, SO2, O, S or CONR and where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO2, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, and an aryloxy group with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, where two radicals R Y together form an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which may be substituted by one or more radicals R'; R C0at each occurrence, identically or differently, represents a radical selected from H, D, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 40 C atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, an aryl or heteroaryl group having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, where two radicals R C together may form an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which is substituted by one or more radicals R; R N0at each occurrence, identically or differently, represents a radical selected from H, D, F, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 40 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 40 C atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R and where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D, F or CN, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R.

16. Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the electron-transporting matrix material eTMM is selected from the compounds of the formulas (eTMM1) or (eTMM2), where the symbols and indices used are: L 2is at each occurrence, identically or differently, a single bond or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 24 ring atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 7 may be substituted; R# is at each occurrence, identically or differently, D, F, CN or an aromatic ring system having 6 to 24 ring atoms, which is substituted by one or more radicals R 6 may be substituted; Y is the same or different at each occurrence and is N or CR 7 , whereby it is excluded that two adjacent Ys simultaneously mean N; V 2 is O or S; R 6 is the same or different at each occurrence: H, D, F, CN, Si(R 7 )3, Ge(R 7 )3, a straight-chain alkyl group with 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group is each substituted by one or more radicals R 7 may be substituted and wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are substituted by Si(R 7 )2, C=O, NR 7 , O, S or CONR 7 may be replaced, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 60 ring atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 7 can be substituted; two radicals R 6 also form an aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring system; Ar 5 represents, identically or differently at each occurrence, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 ring atoms, which is substituted by one or more radicals R 7 may be substituted; R 7is the same or different at each occurrence: H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, N(R 8 )2, CN, NO2, OR 8 , SR 8 , Si(R 8 )3, Ge(R 8 )3, B(OR 8 )2, C(=O)R 8 , P(=O)(R 8 )2, S(=O)R 8 , S(=O)2R 8 , OSO2R 8 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group is each substituted with one or more radicals R 8 may be substituted, with one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups being substituted by Si(R 8 )2, C=O, NR 8 , O, S or CONR 8 may be replaced, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 ring atoms, each of which is replaced by one or more radicals R 8 may be substituted; two or more radicals R 7together form an aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring system; R 8 is at each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F or an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic organic radical, in particular a hydrocarbon radical, having 1 to 20 C- Atoms, in which one or more H atoms may also be replaced by F; b1 is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; b2 is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

17. Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the electron-transporting matrix material eTMM is selected from the compounds of the formulas (eTMM1c*) or (eTMM1c**), where the symbols and indices used have the meanings given in claim 18, and the compound may also be partially or completely deuterated.

18. Organic electroluminescent device according to one or more of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the emitting layer contains a fluorescent emitter selected from structures of the formula (F-1), where R has the meanings given in claim 14 and the following applies to the other symbols and indices used: Ar 30 , Ar 31 , Ar 32 is, identically or differently on each occurrence, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms; Y 30 is B or N; Y 31 , Y 32 , Y 33 is the same or different at each occurrence and stands for O, S, C(R 0 )2, C=O, C=S, C=NR 0 , C=C(R 0 )2, Si(R 0 )2, BR0 , NR 0 , PR 0 , SO2, SeO2 or a chemical bond, with the proviso that if Y 30 for B, at least one of the groups Y 31 , Y 32 , Y 33 for NR 0 stands, and if Y 30 represents N, at least one of the group Y 31 , Y 32 , Y 33 for BR 0 stands; R 0is, identical or different on each occurrence, H, D, F, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more substituents R, where one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by O or S and where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D or F, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more substituents R; where two adjacent substituents R 0 together form an aliphatic or aromatic ring system which may be substituted by one or more substituents R; q is 0 or 1.

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