Methods for enhancing reliability of beam failure recovery when UE performs machine learning based candidate beam prediction
By implementing selective reporting of predicted candidate beams based on quality, confidence, and probability criteria, the method enhances beam failure recovery reliability in wireless communication systems, addressing measurement and model inaccuracies in machine learning-based predictions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/086248
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-09
AI Technical Summary
Beam failure recovery procedures in wireless communication systems are hindered by beam prediction errors due to measurement inaccuracies and model inaccuracies in machine learning-based candidate beam prediction, leading to improper beam selection and diminished system performance, especially in scenarios involving carrier aggregation and single or multiple serving cell failures.
The UE selectively reports predicted candidate beams based on satisfaction of quality, confidence, and probability criteria, and the network configures the UE to perform reduced measurements using machine learning-based candidate beam prediction, thereby enhancing beam failure recovery reliability.
This approach improves the reliability of beam failure recovery by ensuring accurate candidate beam selection, reducing unnecessary reference signal transmissions, and maintaining communication stability in various serving cell configurations.
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Figure CN2024086248_09102025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHODS FOR ENHANCING RELIABILITY OF BEAM FAILURE RECOVERY WHEN UE PERFORMS MACHINE LEARNING BASED CANDIDATE BEAM PREDICTION
[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] This document generally describes methods and devices operating in wireless communication systems such as (but not limited to) fifth generation (5G) communication networks described in 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) technical specifications.BACKGROUND
[0003] Beam failure recovery (BFR) procedures (also called “link recovery” ) are used to recover the link between a network entity (NE) and a user equipment (UE) when beam failure of the downlink channel occurs (e.g., due to blockage) . Conventionally, the NE configures the UE for BFR via a radio resource control (RRC) message (e.g., BeamFailureRecoveryConfig information element (IE) , BeamFailureRecoveryRSConfig IE, etc. as described in 3GPP technical specification (TS) 38.331) .
[0004] A BFR procedure typically includes: (1) beam failure detection (BFD) , (2) candidate beam detection (CBD) , (3) beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) , (4) beam failure recovery response (BFRR) , and (5) beam update. When the UE is able to use machine learning (ML) to predict candidate beams, the NE does not need to configure and transmit downlink reference signals (DL RSs) on all the possible downlink (DL) beams. Instead, the NE may transmit DL RSs using a subset of the DL beams. In this case, instead of or additional to CBD, the UE predicts one or more candidate beam (s) (i.e., the UE performs an ML based candidate beam prediction (CBP) ) starting from measurements of the DL RSs transmitted using the subset of the possible DL beams.
[0005] However, the result of the ML based CBP is subject to beam prediction error due, for example, due to measurement error for the DL RS (s) , ML model inaccuracy, and so on. When the beam prediction error is too large, the predicted candidate beam (s) may be improper. Then, the NE using an improper beam for communicating with the UE may diminish the system performance. Therefore, it is desirable to enhance reliability of using the CBP during the BFR procedure.
[0006] An additional BFR-related problem occurs when failed links are associated with a single serving cell or with all serving cells. When a UE is configured with carrier aggregation (CA) operation, the UE may transmit the BFRQ with the CBP information to the NE in a non-failed serving cell (e.g., via a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) in a non-failed serving cell) . However, when the UE is configured with a single serving cell in a cell group (e.g., a primary cell (PCell) or primary secondary cell (PSCell) ) , or if all the configured serving cells fail (e.g., when all the serving cells are within a band) , transmitting the BFRQ with CBP information and receiving BFRR may be uncertain even with the quasi-co-location (QCL) assumption for the BFRR.SUMMARY
[0007] Various embodiments incorporate techniques for enhancing reliability of BFR when the UE performs an ML based CBP and reporting. The UE reports a predicted candidate beam selectively when a CBP criterion (e.g., one or more of a predicted beam quality criterion, a confidence level criterion, and a probability level criterion) is satisfied. The predicted beam quality criterion may be satisfied when (i) a predicted reference signal received power, RSRP, of the PCB is above or equal to a first threshold, (ii) a predicted signal-to-interference plus noise ratio, SINR, of the PCB is above or equal to a second threshold, or (iii) a predicted hypothetical block error ratio, H-BLER, of the PCB is below or equal to a third threshold. The confidence level criterion that is satisfied when (a) a predicted beam accuracy of the PCB is above or equal to a fourth threshold, or (b) a predicted beam quality error of the PCB is below or equal to a fifth threshold. The probability level criterion that is satisfied when the probability of the PCB to be one of best K beams among the DL beams is above or equal to a sixth threshold, with K being an integer larger than or equal to 1.
[0008] An NE transmits a control signal for configuring the UE to perform CBD and CBP, for a BFR procedure. The NE then transmits downlink reference signals, DL RS, on a subset of DL beams. The NE receives, from the UE, a BFR request, BFRQ, indicating at least one of CBD information or CBP information. The CBP information specifies a predicted candidate beam, PCB, when a CBP criterion is satisfied.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate one or more embodiments and, together with the description, explain these embodiments.
[0010] Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an example wireless communication system in which a UE and an NE (such as a base station) perform wireless communication methods for BFR according to various embodiments.
[0011] Fig. 2 is a timeline illustrating a beam failure and a beam recovery.
[0012] Fig. 3 is a signal diagram illustrating a BFR procedure.
[0013] Fig. 4 illustrates ML CBP based on a subset of DL-RS for CBD according to an embodiment.
[0014] Fig. 5 is a signal diagram of a BFR procedure in which the UE used ML based CPB according to an embodiment.
[0015] Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a UE method for an ML-based BFR procedure according to an embodiment.
[0016] Fig. 7 is a flowchart of an NE method related to a UE performing ML-based BFR procedure according to an embodiment.
[0017] Fig. 8 is an example of a BFRQ report including only CBD information according to an embodiment.
[0018] Fig. 9 is an example of a BFRQ report including CBD-identified beam information and CBP beam information according to an embodiment.
[0019] Fig. 10 is an example of a two-stage BFRQ report implicitly indicating CBD-identified beam and explicitly conveying CBP beam information according to an embodiment.
[0020] Fig. 11 is an example illustrating a timeline related to using different communication channels after an ML-based BFR according to an embodiment.
[0021] Fig. 12 is another example illustrating a timeline related to using a CPB-identified beam for communicating after an ML-based BFR according to an embodiment.
[0022] Fig. 13 is an example of a BFRQ report including only CBP-identified beam information according to an embodiment.
[0023] Fig. 14 is a signal diagram illustrating UE transmitting the BFRQ based on a 4-step random access procedure with multiple repetitions according to an embodiment.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] Methods and devices described in this section embody techniques related to BFR for a UE that performs ML based CBP. In some embodiments, the UE selectively reports a predicted candidate beam (PCB) . That is, the UE informs the NE about the PCB when the PCB fulfills a CBP criterion. The CPB criterion may include a predicted beam quality criterion, a confidence level criterion, and / or a probability level criterion as discussed in detail in this section.
[0025] Prior to discussing the details of these techniques, Fig. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system 100 in which a UE (e.g., 102) and an NE perform wireless communication methods for BFR according to various embodiments. The NE may be a first radio access network (RAN) node 104, a second RAN node 106, and / or a core network (CN) 110. The RAN nodes 104 and 106 may operate in a RAN 105 connected to the CN 110. The CN 110 may be implemented as an evolved packet core (EPC) 111 (i.e., non-5G system) or a 5G core (5GC) 160, for example. The CN 110 may also be implemented as a sixth generation (6G) core in another example.
[0026] The first RAN node 104 covers a first cell 124 and a second cell 125, and the second RAN node 106 covers a cell 126 in this example. If the first RAN node 104 is a next generation Node B (gNB) , the cells 124 and 125 are new radio (NR) cells. If the first RAN node 104 is an gNB or an evolved Node B (eNB) , the cells 124 and 125 are evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) cells. The same is valid for the second RAN node 106. The cells 124, 125, and 126 may be in the same Radio Access Network Notification Areas (RNA) or different RNAs. In general, the RAN 105 can include any number of RAN nodes, and each of the RAN nodes can cover one, two, three, or any other suitable number of cells. The UE 102 can support at least a 5G NR (or simply, “NR” ) or an E-UTRA air interface to communicate with the RAN nodes 104 and 106. Each of the RAN nodes 104, 106 may connect to the CN element 110 via an interface (e.g., S1 or Ng interface, i.e., a CN-based interface) . The RAN nodes 104 and 106 may also be interconnected via an interface (e.g., X2 or Xn interface) for interconnecting NG-RAN nodes (i.e., NG-RAN to NG-RAN interface) .
[0027] Among other components, the EPC 111 can include a Serving Gateway (SGW) 112, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 114, and a Packet Data Network Gateway (PGW) 116. SGW 112 is configured to transfer user-plane packets related to audio calls, video calls, Internet traffic, etc. MME 114 is configured to manage authentication, registration, paging, and other related functions. PGW 116 provides, to end devices such as the UE, connectivity to one or more external packet data networks, (e.g., an Internet network and / or an Internet Protocol (IP) Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) network) . 5GC 160 includes a User Plane Function (UPF) 162, an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 164, and / or a Session Management Function (SMF) 166. Among other functionalities, UPF 162 is configured to transfer user-plane packets related to audio calls, video calls, Internet traffic, etc. AMF 164 is configured to manage authentication, registration, paging, and other related functions, and SMF 166 is configured to manage PDU sessions. Each of these functions and modules (or plural of them) is (are) hosted by a CN device 130 including at least one processor 132, a transmitter 134 and a receiver 136 (that may be combined) and computer readable storage media 138.
[0028] Because cells 124, 125, and 126 partially overlap, the UE 102 can select, reselect, or hand over from one of the cells 124, 125, and 126 to another. To directly exchange messages or information (e.g., related to the handover procedure) , the first RAN node 104 and second RAN node 106 may support an X2 or Xn interface (i.e., a dedicated protocol for exchanging messages between the RAN nodes without involving the CN) .
[0029] The first RAN node 104 is equipped with processing hardware 140 that can include one or more general-purpose processors (e.g., CPUs) and a non-transitory computer-readable memory storing instructions that the one or more general-purpose processors execute. Additionally, or alternatively, the processing hardware 140 can include special-purpose processing units. The processing hardware 140 illustrated in Fig. 1 includes a processor 142 configured to process data that the first RAN node 104 transmits in the downlink (DL) direction, and data that the first RAN node 104 receives in the uplink (UL) direction. The processing hardware 140 further includes a transmitter 144 configured to transmit data in the DL direction, and a receiver 146 configured to receive data in the UL direction. The processing hardware 140 also includes a storage media 148 for storing instructions for wireless communication methods embodying techniques related to BFR for a UE that performs ML based CBP, the methods being executed by the processor 142. The second RAN node 106 can include generally similar components.
[0030] The UE 102 is equipped with processing hardware 150 that can include one or more general-purpose processors such as CPUs and non-transitory computer-readable memory storing machine-readable instructions executable on the one or more general-purpose processors, and / or special-purpose processing units. Processing hardware 150 may include a processor 152 to process data that the UE 102 transmits in the UL direction, and data that the UE 102 receives in the DL direction. The processing hardware 150 illustrated in Fig. 1 includes a transmitter 154 configured to transmit data in the DL direction and a receiver 156 configured to receive data in the DL direction. The processing hardware 150 also includes a storage media 158 for storing instructions that, when executed by the processor 152, make the UE perform ML based CBP, and wireless communication methods embodying techniques related to BFR further discussed.
[0031] Fig. 2 is a timeline (time flowing from top to bottom) illustrating a beam failure and a beam recovery. At T1, the UE 102 and the NE 104 communicate using a beam. At T2, as a consequence of UE’s movement, an obstacle 103 interrupts the communication between the NE 104 and the UE102. At T3, following a BFR procedure (e.g., as illustrated in Fig. 3) , the NE 104 starts using another beam (reflected off object 101) for communicating with the UE 102.
[0032] As already mentioned above, Fig. 3 is signal diagram 300 illustrating a beam failure recovery procedure. The NE 104 (which, as previously mentioned, may be the first RAN node, the second RAN node, a CN function / module or a combination thereof) transmits 304 an RRC message with parameters for configuring the UE for various aspects of the BFR (e.g., of the BFD, of the CBD, of the BFQR, and / or the BFRR) . The NE may select these parameters while taking into consideration the UE capability optionally (as suggested by using the dashed line) transmitted 302. The UE capability indicates UE supported BFR configuration (s) . The NE 104 transmits 306a, 306b, …, 306n BFD RS, that is, reference signals such as synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) or channel state information (CSI) RSs or DL RSs usable for BFD. The UE measures a hypothetical block error rate (BLER) for these BFD RSs. The UE detects that a beam failure has occurred (i.e., a BFD instance) for a BFD periodicity, if the measured hypothetical BLER is above a predefined threshold, e.g., 1%. After detecting N consecutive BFD instances (with N being an integer and N≥1, which may be configured by the NE at 304 or predefined) during a certain time window, the UE determines 308 that a beam failure was detected. Thus, the first phase of the BFR is BFD.
[0033] After the BFD, the BFR initiates the CBD. The NE 104 transmits 310 a set of DL RS for CBD. Note that the NE’s transmission of DL RS is periodical, not triggered by BDF. Therefore, it is beneficial that, when using ML CBP on UE, the number of DL RSs for CBD is reduced.
[0034] Unlike the BFD RSs that are transmitted using the same DL beam currently used by the NE for DL communications to the UE, the CBD RSs are transmitted using different DL beams. The CBD RSs may include SSBs or CSI-RSs or DL RSs. The UE measures the layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) for each of the CBD RSs and identifies 312 one of the CBD RSs as the candidate beam, which is the beam associated with a measured L1-RSRP above an NE-configured threshold. If the measured L1-RSRP is above the threshold for more than the CBD RSs, the UE may report the one with the highest L1-RSRP or the first one which the UE determines to have L1-RSRP above the threshold.
[0035] After completing the CBD, the UE 102 transmits 314 a BFRQ to the NE 104. The BFRQ includes the CBD RS index. For a primary cell (PCell) and a primary secondary cell (PSCell) BFR, the UE transmits the BFRQ via physical random access channel (PRACH) resource, where the PRACH resource is associated with the CBD RS resource of the identified candidate beam. For a secondary cell (SCell) BFR, the UE transmits the BFRQ via a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) , where the UE reports the failed SCell index (es) and optionally reports the CBD RS index explicitly.
[0036] After receiving the BFRQ, the NE 104 transmits 316 the BFRR to the UE 102. For a PCell or a PSCell BFR, the NE 104 transmits the BFRR 4 slots after the slot with PRACH. For an SCell BFR, the NE 104 transmits the BFRR after it decodes the MAC CE. The NE 104 transmits the BFRR using a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) . For a PCell or a PSCell BFR, the NE 104 transmits the BFRR via a PDCCH in a dedicated search space configured by the NE. For an SCell BFR, the NE transmits the BFRR as a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a new transmission for a PUSCH with the same hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process as that used for the PUSCH with the MAC CE for BFRQ.
[0037] After 28 symbols from the symbol in which the UE receives the last symbol of the BFRR, the UE 102 and the NE 104 start using 318 the CBD-identified candidate beam reported in the BFRQ for further communications.
[0038] Within the BFR procedure framework, the UE may use ML based CBP to predict the best candidate beam. Fig. 4 illustrates DL beams 1-32 in a two dimensional array with Azimuth angle Of Departure (AoD) on X axis and Zenith angle Of Departure (ZoD) on Y-axis. Beam 21 is currently used for DL / UL communications until the BFD occurs. Without the UE using ML based CBP, in order to find best beam, the CBD RSs (or DL RSs) should be transmitted for CBD on all the possible DL beams (e.g., DL beams 1-32) . However, when the UE uses the ML based CBP, the NE transmits DL RSs using a subset of the DL beams, for example, beams 3, 6, 12, 15, 19, 22, 28, and 31 illustrated in Fig. 4. The UE may then select beams 5 and 14 as predicted candidate beams identified using the ML based CBP, which satisfy a CBP criterion as further discussed.
[0039] Fig. 5 is a signal diagram 500 of a BFR procedure according to an embodiment. The UE 102 may optionally report 502, to the NE 104, the UE capability indicating the supported configuration for ML based CBP, specifying at least one of: (a) the minimum, maximum, and / or supported number of DL RSs for CBP; (b) the minimum, maximum, and / or supported number of predicted candidate beams; and (c) supported configuration for the CBP criterion. The UE may report common or separate UE capabilities for PCell / PSCell BFR, SCell BFR, and / or transmission reception point (TRP) specific BFR. In other embodiments, the NE receives the UE capability from another UE, from a core network (e.g., Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) ) or another NE.
[0040] The NE 104 configures the UE 102 for ML based BFR, for example, by sending 504 a radio resource control (RRC) message (e.g., an RRCReconfiguration message) . In another example, the NE sends a system information block (SIB) , which can be an existing SIB (e.g., SIB1) or a new SIB (e.g., SIB J, where J is an integer above 21) . The NE may configure at least one of: (i) a first parameter enabling ML based CBP; (ii) a first set of DL RS for CBD; (iii) a configuration for CBD criterion; (iv) a configuration for CBP criterion; (v) a first set of UL channel (s) for BFRQ report for CBD information; and (vi) a second set of UL channel (s) for BFRQ report for CBP information. In some embodiments, the NE may configure a second set of DL RS for CBP. In the following description, the DL RS for CBD may indicate the DL RS for CBD only, DL RS for CBP only, or DL RS for both CBD and CBP.
[0041] The beam failure is then detected at 506, that is, the UE 102 performs BFD (as 308 in Fig. 3) based on BFD RS transmitted by the NE 104 (as 306a, 306b, …, 306n in Fig. 3) . The NE 104 transmits 508 a first set of RS (s) for CBD thereby enabling the UE 102 to perform ML based CBP. The UE 102 then sends 510 a BFRQ indicating one or more of a failed serving cell index, CBD information, and CBP information.
[0042] After receiving the BFRQ, the NE 104 transmits 512, to the UE 102, a BFRR, which may indicate whether the UE should perform further communication based on a quasi-colocation (QCL) assumption or a spatial relation according to a first DL RS for CBD or a second DL RS. After receiving the BFRR, the UE 102 may optionally further communicate 514 with the NE based on the QCL assumption or the spatial relation using the first DL RS for CBD or the second DL RS.
[0043] Figs. 6 and 7 are flowcharts of a UE method 600 and an NE method 700, respectively, illustrating a UE behavior and an NE behavior corresponding to the signal diagram 500. In the method 600, the UE optionally transmits 602 a UE capability indicating the supported configuration for ML based CBP, a minimum, maximum, or supported number of DL RS for the CBP, and / or a minimum, maximum, or supported number of predicted beams.
[0044] The UE receives 604 a control signal (e.g., an RRC message or an SIB as discussed above) for configuring the UE to perform the CBP employing an ML model, to select the predicted candidate beam using the CBP criterion, to monitor the subset of the DL beams, and to use a first set of UL channels to transmit the BFRQ including CBP information. Optionally, the control signal also configures the UE to select the one or more beams in the subset of DL beams using a CBD criterion, and to use a second set of UL channels to transmit the BFRQ including CBD information.
[0045] The UE then receives 606 BFD RSs transmitted by the NE and determines a beam failure event has occurred in a serving cell based on the BFD RSs.
[0046] Further, the UE receives 608 the first set of DL RS for CBD. The UE then determines 610 the content of the BFRQ based on the CBD criterion and / or the CBP criterion and transmits the BFRQ including at least one of the failed serving cell index, CBD information, and CBP information. In response to the BFRQ, the UE receives 612 a BFRR optionally indicating whether the UE should perform further communication based on a QCL assumption or a spatial relation according to a first DL RS for CBD or a second DL RS. The UE may then optionally perform 614 further communications based on the QCL assumption or the spatial relation using the first DL RS for CBD or the second DL RS.
[0047] According to the method 700, the NE may optionally receive 702 a UE capability indicating the supported configuration for ML based CBP, a minimum, maximum, or supported number of DL RS for the CBP, and / or a minimum, maximum, or supported number of predicted beams.
[0048] The NE then transmits 704 a control signal (e.g., an RRC message or an SIB as discussed above) for configuring the UE to perform the CBP employing an ML model, to select the predicted candidate beam using the CBP criterion, to monitor the subset of the DL beams, and to use a first set of UL channels to transmit the BFRQ including CBP information. Optionally, the control signal also configures the UE to select the one or more beams in the subset of DL beams using a CBD criterion, and to use a second set of UL channels to transmit the BFRQ including CBD information.
[0049] The NE then transmits 706 BFD RSs to enable the UE to detect a beam failure event. Further, the NE transmits 708 the first set of DL RS for CBD. The NE then receives 710 the BFRQ including at least one of the failed serving cell index, CBD information, and CBP information. In response to the BFRQ, the NE transmits 712 a BFRR optionally indicating whether the UE should perform further communication based on a QCL assumption or a spatial relation according to a first DL RS for CBD or a second DL RS. The NE may then optionally perform 714 further communications based on the QCL assumption or the spatial relation using the first DL RS for CBD or the second DL RS.
[0050] After measuring the CBD RSs (or DL RSs for CBD) and performing CBD and CBP, the UE may determine that it is in one of the following states:
[0051] ● State 1: when at least one of the CBD RSs meets the CBD criterion, and none of the predicted beams meets the CBP criterion;
[0052] ● State 2: when at least one of the CBD RSs meets the CBD criterion, and at least one of the predicted beams meets the CBP criterion;
[0053] ● State 3: when none of the CBD RS meets the CBD criterion, and at least one of the predicted beams meets the CBP criterion;
[0054] ● State 4: none of the CBD RSs meets the CBD criterion, and none of the predicted beams meets the CBP criterion.
[0055] Table 1 illustrates the CBD and CBP information for the above-defined states.
[0056] Table 1
[0057] In some embodiments, the UE determines that a CBD RS meets the CBD criterion, if the measured beam quality (e.g., a layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) , a layer 1 signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (L1-SINR) , or a hypothetical block error ratio (H-BLER) , for the CBD RS fulfills a threshold-type of relationship. The threshold (s) may be configured by the NE, predefined, or reported by the UE. The UE may determine a predicted beam (may also be referred to as a predicted candidate beam) meets the CBP criterion, if it satisfies at least one of:
[0058] (A) a predicted beam quality criterion satisfied when the predicted beam quality (e.g., RSRP or SINR or H-BLER) of at least one of the predicted beams is above (for the RSRP or the SINR) a first threshold or below the first threshold (for H-BLER) as required by the respective threshold-type relationship, with the first threshold being pre-defined or configured by the NE;
[0059] (B) a confidence level criterion satisfied when a confidence level (e.g., a predicted beam quality accuracy or a predicted beam quality error) for the predicted beam quality of a predicted beam is above or below a second threshold, with the second threshold being pre-defined or configured by the NE; or
[0060] (C) a probability level criterion satisfied when a probability of one of the predicted beams to be one the best K beams among the set of beams is above a third threshold, with the third threshold and K (K≥1) being predefined or configured by the NE.
[0061] Note that here the “above” may include “above or equal to” , and the “below” may include “below or equal to” in this description.
[0062] In some embodiments, the UE may determine the first threshold based on a first reference transmission power (e.g., SSB transmission power) and the predicted beam quality based on a second reference transmission power (e.g., CSI-RS transmission power) . The first / second reference transmission power may be predefined or configured by the NE. If the first reference transmission power is different from the second reference transmission power, the UE may determine the first threshold based also on the difference between the first and second reference transmission power. For example, the UE may determine the first threshold as T = T0 + TxPower1 –TxPower2 or T = T0 -TxPower1 + TxPower2, where T0 is a threshold pre-defined or configured by the NE or reported by the UE, TxPower1 is the first reference transmission power, and TxPower2 is the second reference transmission power.
[0063] In some embodiments, the UE may determine the predicted beam quality criterion based on the predicted beam quality including the confidence level. For example, the UE may determine that the predicted beam meets the predicted beam quality criterion if PRSRP-CL>T, where PRSRP represents the predicted RSRP for the predicted beam, CL represents the confidence level associated with the predicted RSRP error, and T is the first threshold.
[0064] In some embodiments, the UE may determine sub-states for State 2 and State 3 based on whether the predicted beam meets a subset of or all the CBP criterion. Table 2 exemplarily illustrates the sub-states for the predicted beam.
[0065] Table 2
[0066] After identifying the beam failure for a serving cell, the UE may determine content of the BFRQ based on the candidate beam status, e.g., the candidate beam state 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 in Table 1 and / or the predicted beam sub-state A / B / C / D in Table 2. Depending on the different candidate beam states, the UE may report one or multiple of the following using the BFRQ: the failed serving cell index (e.g., whether it is PCell / PSCell or SCell index, indicating the serving cell with beam failure detected) , CBD information, and CBP information.
[0067] The CBD information may include one or more of: (i) an indicator as to whether the UE has identified a CBD RS that meets the CBD criterion, and (ii) one or more CBD RS indexes indicating one or more candidate beam (s) that meet the CBD criterion.
[0068] The CBP information may include one or more of: (i) an indicator as to whether the UE identified a predicted beam that meets the CBP criterion; (ii) one or more predicted beam indexes indicating one or more predicted beams that meet the CBP criterion; (iii) a predicted beam quality for a subset of or all the reported predicted beams (i.e., predicted beams that meet the CBP criterion) ; (iv) a confidence level for a subset of or all the reported predicted beams; and (v) a probability level for a subset of or all the reported predicted beams.
[0069] In some embodiments, the NE configures a set of DL RSs, with each DL RS being associated with a candidate predicted beam. The UE then may report the predicted beam index as a DL RS index within the set.
[0070] In some embodiments, the UE determines the report content of the CBP information based on the configuration for the UE report or the detected sub-state (e.g., state A / B / C / D in Table 2) . In response to different report contents, the UE may report an indicator indicating the BFRQ report format in the BFRQ (e.g., using a field in the UCI or MAC CE, or another uplink channel, such as, PRACH or PUCCH) . In one example, the NE may configure a different scheduling request (SR) for the UE to request the uplink resource for different BFR report contents.
[0071] Relative to the confidence level information for a predicted beam, the UE may report whether the confidence level for the predicted beam is above or below the second threshold in the confidence level criterion or not. Alternatively, the UE may report a quantized confidence level for the predicted beam. Table 3 exemplifies reporting the confidence level using 2 bits. This quantization may be a linear or a non-linear quantization. In case of a linear quantization, the step size may be pre-defined (e.g., 2dB) , configured by the NE, or reported by the UE. In case of a non-linear quantization, the range for each bit combination may be predefined, configured by the NE, or reported by the UE.
[0072] Table 3
[0073] Relative to the probability level information for a predicted beam, the UE may report whether or not the probability level for the predicted beam is above the third threshold for the probability level criterion. Alternatively, the UE may report a quantized probability level for the predicted beam. Table 4 exemplifies reporting the probability level using 2 bits. This quantization may be a linear or a non-linear quantization. In case of a linear quantization, the step size may be pre-defined (e.g., 5%) , configured by the NE, or reported by the UE. In case of a non-linear quantization, the range for each bit combination may be predefined, configured by the NE, or reported by the UE.
[0074] Table 4
[0075] When the UE determines presence of State 1 in Table 1 (i.e., CBD identifies at least one candidate beam and CBP identifies no predicted candidate beam) , the UE sends, to the NE, the BFRQ including the CBD information. The CBD information may specify one of the CBD RS indexes explicitly (e.g., by a MAC CE or UCI) or indicate it implicitly (e.g., by a PRACH on a PRACH occasion associated with the CBD RS) . The UE may also report the failed serving cell index additionally and indicate that no predicted beam has been identified. In one example, for PCell or PSCell BFR, the UE may report the CBD RS information via the PRACH on the PCell or PSCell. For SCell BFR, the UE may report the CBD RS information and the failed SCell index by a MAC CE.
[0076] When the UE determines presence of State 2 in Table 1 (i.e., CBD identifies at least one candidate beam and CBP identifies at least one predicted candidate beam) , the UE sends a BFRQ including only the CBD information (option 1) , including the CBD information and the CBP information (option 2) , including only CBP information (option 3) , including NE-configured content (option 4) , or including UE-determined content (option 5) .
[0077] For option 1, the UE may operate similarly to its operation when preparing an BFRQ for State 1 except that the UE may further report the predicted candidate beam is not identified or the predicted candidate beam is not reported.
[0078] For option 2, the UE reports the BFRQ including the CBD information and CBP information. The UE may also report the failed serving cell index via the BFRQ. In some embodiments, the UE may report both of the CBD information and the CBP information explicitly using: (A) a single MAC CE indicating the CBD information and CBP information, (B) one MAC CE indicating the CBD information and another MAC CE indicating CBP information, (C) a single uplink control information (UCI) message indicating the CBD information and CBP information, (D) one UCI message indicating the CBD information and another UCI message indicating CBP information, (E) an UCI message indicating the CBD information and a MAC CE indicating CBP information, or (F) a MAC CE indicating the CBD information and a UCI message indicating CBP information. When the UE reports the CBD information and CBP information separately, the UE may include in the BFRQ an indicator as to whether it indicates CBD or CBP information, in addition to the reported CBP or CBD information.
[0079] Fig. 8 exemplarily illustrates a scenario 800 in which, starting from the same beams as in Fig. 4, the BFRQ includes only CBD information according to an embodiment. In this scenario, beam 12 meets the CBD criterion. The BFRQ may then include the CBD RS index 12 but includes no CBP information as no predicted candidate beam satisfies the CBP criterion (in State 1) or is reported (in State 2) . Fig. 9 illustrates a scenario 900 in which, starting from the same beams as in Fig. 4, the BFRQ includes explicitly both the CBD information (e.g., CBD RS index = 12) and the CBP information (e.g., CBP RS index = 5) because beam 12 meets the CBD criterion and beam 5 meets the CBP criterion.
[0080] In some embodiments, the UE indicates one of the CBD or CBP information implicitly (e.g., by using one of the CBD-identified or CBP-identified beam for PRACH or PUCCH or by transmitting PRACH on one or multiple of the PRACH resources associated with the CBD RS or predicted beam or PUCCH on one or multiple of the PUCCH resources associated with the CBD RS or predicted beam) and reports the other of the CBD or CBP information explicitly (e.g., using a MAC CE or an UCI message) . The NE may configure a set of PRACH resources or PUCCH resources for BFRQ, where different PRACH resources or PUCCH resources may be associated with different CBD RSs or different predicted beams for CBP. One PRACH resource may refer to one PRACH occasion. For example, the UE may report the CBD information by PRACH implicitly, that is, the UE transmits the PRACH on the PRACH occasions associated with the CBD RS of the CBD-identified beam. Then the UE reports the CBP information in the message 3 (Msg3) (i.e., UE’s PUSCH response to the random access response (RAR) of the PRACH) or in message A (MsgA) (i.e., the PUSCH associated with the PRACH) . Fig. 10 illustrates a scenario 1000 in which, starting from the same beams as in Fig. 4, the UE reports the CBD information implicitly by using beam 12 in a PRACH procedure (i.e., a first-stage report) and reports the CBP information (e.g., predicted candidate beam is beam 5) explicitly by sending a BFRQ including the CBP information (i.e., a second-stage report) .
[0081] In some embodiments, X symbols or slots or milliseconds after receiving the BFRR, the UE determines whether to communicate with the NE on DL or UL channels based on the QCL assumption or spatial relation according to the one of the CBD RSs reported in the CBD information or a second DL RS (e.g., the DL RS configured in the transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state applied for the DL / UL channel or another DL RS configured by the NE) . The NE may transmit the second DL RS based on one of the predicted beams. The UE may perform the determination of the DL RS for QCL assumption and / or spatial relation based on one or more of: (i) a beam quality for the candidate beam (s) , (ii) a predicted beam quality for the predicted beam (s) , (iii) a confidence level for the predicted beam (s) , (iv) a probability level for the predicted beam (s) , (v) , the configuration or indication from the NE, and (vi) the value of X may be predefined (e.g., 28) , configured by the NE, or reported by the UE. The UE may determine the second DL RS without QCL source or QCLed with another SSB configured by the NE. The NE may transmit the SSB based on one of the predicted beams. The second DL RS may be a CSI-RS for tracking (i.e., a tracking reference signal (TRS) ) . In some embodiments, the NE indicates whether the QCL or spatial assumption for the second DL RS is updated or not.
[0082] Here, the spatial relation assumption may include the uplink transmission filter selection (Tx beam) and / or pathloss reference signal selection. The QCL assumption includes one or multiple of the parameters: average delay, delay spread, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, spatial reception filter, and average gain. In one embodiment, the UE selects the DL RS for further QCL assumption based on the similar criterion as CBD information and CBP information selection in option 5 discussed below.
[0083] Fig. 11 illustrates a scenario and a timeline according to which the UL / DL channel QCL / spatial relation assumption is based on the same DL RSs but with different QCL / spatial relation update (network beam update) or different DL RSs after BFR. Before the BFR procedure, the UE may communicate with the NE based on the QCL / spatial relation assumption according to DL RS 2. The NE may transmit the DL RS 2 based on beam 21. After BFR procedure, if the beam 12 is identified based on the reported CBD information and / or the beam 5 is identified based on the reported CBP information, the NE and UE may perform further communication on the UL / DL channel based on the QCL / spatial relation assumption according to the DL RS 2, where the QCL / spatial relation assumption for the DL RS 2 may be updated based on beam 5. Alternatively, after BFR procedure, if the beam 12 is identified based on the reported CBD information and / or the beam 5 is identified based on the reported CBP information, the NE and UE may perform further communication for the UL / DL channel based on the QCL / spatial relation assumption according to the DL RS 1 which is configured to be associated with beam 12.
[0084] In some embodiments, the NE configures a set of DL RSs, where different DL RSs may correspond to different predicted beams. One or multiple of the DL RS (s) are activated by the indication or configuration from the NE. Alternatively, the DL RS corresponding to the second DL RS used to determine whether the QCL or spatial relation after the BFR procedure is completed may be activated automatically. The DL RS may be deactivated after the UE receives a TCI activation or indication signaling.
[0085] Fig. 12 illustrates a scenario 1200 and a timeline according to which, starting from the same beams as in Fig. 4, the UL / DL channel QCL / spatial relation assumption is based on DL RSs with automatic activation / deactivation after BFR. Before the BFR procedure, the UE may determine the DL RS 2 is deactivated, where the DL RS 2 is associated with beam 5, which is one of the predicted candidate beams. After BFR procedure, if the beam 5 is identified based on the reported CBP information, the NE and UE may perform further communication on the UL / DL channel based on the QCL / spatial relation assumption according to the DL RS 2, where the QCL / spatial relation assumption for the DL RS 2 may be updated based on beam 5. After applying a newly activated or indicated TCI state, the UE may perform further communication with the NE on UL / DL channel based on the activated or indicated TCI state and may determine the DL RS 2 is deactivated.
[0086] For option 3, the UE reports the BFRQ including the CBP information only. The UE may also report the failed serving cell index. The UE may include the CBP-identified beam index in the BFRQ, thus reporting the CBP information explicitly (e.g., using a MAC CE or an UCI message) , or implicitly (e.g., by performing a PRACH on a PRACH occasion associated with the predicted beam) .
[0087] Fig. 13 illustrates a scenario 1300 according to which, starting from the same beams as in Fig. 4 with beam 5 meeting the CBP criterion, the BFRQ includes predicted beam index = 5 but does not include CBD information regardless of whether a CBD beam is identified.
[0088] For option 4, the NE may configure whether the UE should report the CBD information or CBP information or both when the UE determines it is in candidate beam State 2. The NE may provide the configuration per bandwidth part (BWP) , serving cell or serving cell group by RRC signaling, a MAC CE, or DCI message. The UE may report the UE capability indicating whether it supports reporting CBD information only or CBP information only or both CBD and CBP information. The UE may report separate UE capability for PCell / PSCell BFR and SCell BFR based on CBP.
[0089] For option 5, the UE determines whether to report the CBD information or CBP information or both based on one or more of: (i) a beam quality for the candidate beam (s) , (ii) a predicted beam quality for the predicted beam (s) , (iii) a confidence level for the predicted beam (s) , and (iv) a probability level for the predicted beam (s) .
[0090] In some embodiments, the UE may determine to report CBD information only if it identifies one or more of: (A) the beam quality for the candidate beam is above the predicted beam quality for any of the predicted beam minus a first offset, which may be predefined or configured by the NE or reported by the UE, (B) the confidence level for a subset of or all the predicted beams is above or below a fourth threshold, which may be predefined or configured by the NE or reported by the UE, and (C) the probability level for a subset of or all the predicted beams is below a fifth threshold, which may be predefined or configured by the NE or reported by the UE.
[0091] In some embodiments, the UE may determine to report the CBP information only if it identifies one or more of: (1) the beam quality for the candidate beam is below the predicted beam quality for a subset of or all the predicted beams minus a first offset, which may be predefined or configured by the NE or reported by the UE, (2) the confidence level for a subset of or all the predicted beams is above or below a fourth threshold, which may be predefined or configured by the NE or reported by the UE, (3) the probability level for a subset of or all the predicted beams is above a fifth threshold, which may be predefined or configured by the NE or reported by the UE, and (4) the beam quality for the candidate beam is below a sixth threshold.
[0092] In some embodiments, the UE may determine to report both of the CBD information and the CBP information if it identifies one or more of: (I) the beam quality for the candidate beam is below the predicted beam quality for a subset of or all the predicted beams minus a first offset, which may be predefined or configured by the NE or reported by the UE, (II) the confidence level for a subset of or all the predicted beams is above or below a fourth threshold, which may be predefined or configured by the NE or reported by the UE, (III) the probability level for a subset of or all the predicted beams is below a fifth threshold, which may be predefined or configured by the NE or reported by the UE, and (IV) the beam quality for the candidate beam is above a sixth threshold.
[0093] For State 3 in Table 1 (i.e., CBD identifies no candidate beam and CBP identifies at least one predicted candidate beam) , the UE reports only the CBP information. The UE may report the CBP information by the BFRQ explicitly (e.g., by a MAC CE or an UCI message) , or implicitly (e.g., using a PRACH on a PRACH occasion associated with the predicted beam index) . The UE may also report the failed serving cell index. The UE may further indicate that the CBD RS is not identified. When the UE determines presence of State 3, the UE may repeatedly send BFRQ in the failed CC, based on a beam associated with a CBD RS (option 1) or may send a BFRQ in a non-failed CC (option 2) .
[0094] For option 1, after identifying the beam failure and a predicted beam for a serving cell (e.g., a PCell or a PSCell) , the UE transmits the BFRQ in the serving cell once or repeatedly. Repeating the BFRQ transmission improves the reliability for the NE receiving the BFRQ, when the BFRQ is based on an uplink channel resource, e.g., PRACH or PUCCH or PUSCH, which is associated with a DL RS that cannot meet the CBD criterion. In some embodiments, the NE configures a first set of UL channel (e.g., PRACH or PUCCH or PUSCH) resources, each of these UL channel resources being associated with a CBD RS and based on a first number of repetitions (transmission occasions) , for example, equal to 1. The NE may configure a second set of UL channel (e.g., PRACH or PUCCH or PUSCH) resources, each of these UL channel resources being associated with a CBD RS and based on a second number of repetitions (transmission occasions) , for example, equal to 4. The second number of repetitions may be larger than the first number of repetitions. The first and / or second number of repetitions may be pre-defined or configured by the NE.
[0095] If the UE identifies a candidate beam for a CBD RS based on the CBD criterion, the UE may transmit the BFRQ by one of the UL channel resources from the first set of UL channel resources, which is associated with the CBD RS; otherwise, the UE may transmit the BFRQ by one of the UL channel resources from the second set of UL channel resources, which may be associated with one of CBD RSs (e.g., the one with the best measured beam quality) . In some embodiments, the UE selects the UL channel resource from the second set of UL channel resources if the beam quality (e.g., L1-RSRP / L1-SINR) for its associated DL RS is higher than a threshold, which may be pre-defined or configured by the NE. If the UE cannot identify such UL channel resource, it may not transmit the BFRQ in the serving cell.
[0096] After receiving the BFRQ, the NE may transmit the BFRR based on the beam associated with the CBD RS based on a third number of repetitions (e.g., 1) or a fourth number of repetitions (e.g., 4) . The fourth number of repetitions may be larger than the third number of repetitions. The third and / or fourth number of repetitions may be pre-defined or configured by the NE.
[0097] Fig. 14 is a signal diagram 1400 illustrating UE transmitting the BFRQ based on a 4-step PRACH with multiple repetitions according to an embodiment. First, the NE 104 sends 1402 a control signal for configuring a first set of PRACH occasions based on a first number of repetitions and a second set of PRACH occasions based on a second number of repetitions, and / or a third number of repetitions for RAR and a fourth number of repetitions for RAR. Then, the UE 102 performs 1404 a PRACH selection based on the DL RSs associated with the PRACH and the CBD criterion, and / or a criterion for BFRQ transmission. The UE 102 initiates 1406 a PRACH for BFRQ on one or more of the first or second PRACH occasions associated with one DL RS. The NE 104 transmits 1408 an RAR based on the third number of repetitions or fourth number of repetitions, the RAR optionally indicating the number of repetitions for Msg3 PUSCH. The UE 102 responds by sending 1410 Msg3 PUSCH based on one or multiple repetitions including a MAC CE for CBP information and optionally including the failed serving cell index. Optionally, the NE 104 may then send 1412 Msg4 based on one or multiple repetitions and optionally indicating whether the UE to perform communication on the DL / UL channel (s) based on the QCL or spatial relation for the DL RS associated with the PRACH for BFRQ or another DL RS. Further communication 1414 on the DL / UL channel (s) based on the DL RS for QCL or spatial relation may then occur.
[0098] The UE may receive a first control signal configuring the two sets of PRACH occasions with different number of repetitions, and a second control signal configuring the different number of repetitions for RAR in response to the PRACH on the different sets of PRACH occasions. Then, the UE may select the PRACH occasion to trigger the BFRQ procedure based on whether a candidate beam is identified or not. If a candidate beam is identified, the UE may transmit the PRACH from the configured set of PRACH occasions with smaller number of repetitions; otherwise, the UE may transmit the PRACH from the configured set of PRACH occasions with larger number of repetitions. In response to the PRACH, the NE may transmit the RAR based on the either a third or fourth number of repetitions. Then the UE can report the CBP information by the Msg3. In response to the Msg3, the NE transmits a Msg4, e.g., PDCCH.
[0099] X symbols or slots or milliseconds after receiving the Msg4, the UE may determine whether to communicate with the NE on DL / UL channels based on the QCL assumption or spatial relation according to the DL RS associated with the PRACH transmission or a second DL RS, e.g., the DL RS configured in the TCI state applied for the DL / UL channel or another DL RS configured by the NE. The NE may transmit the second DL RS based on one of the predicted beams. The UE may perform the determination of the DL RS for QCL assumption and / or spatial relation based on one or more of: (i) whether the UE transmits the PRACH from the first or second set of PRACH occasions, (ii) a configuration or indication from the NE, and (iii) the confidence level and / or probability level for the reported predicted beam. The value of X may be predefined, e.g., 28, configured by the NE, or reported by the UE. The UE may determine the second DL RS without QCL source reference signal or QCLed with another SSB configured by the NE.
[0100] In one embodiment, the UE may select the DL RS associated with the PRACH transmission for QCL assumption and spatial relation for the DL / UL channels if it identifies one or more of: (a) the UE transmits the PRACH from the first set of PRACH occasions, (b) the UE receives the configuration or indication from the NE configuring the UE to use the DL RS associated with the PRACH transmission, (c) the confidence level for the predicted beam in the reported CBP information is above or below a threshold predefined or configured by the NE, and (d) the probability level for the predicted beam in the reported CBP information is above a threshold predefined or configured by the NE. Otherwise, the UE may select the second DL RS.
[0101] For option 2 (i.e., BFRQ is sent in a non-failed CC) in State 3, after identifying the beam failure and a predicted beam for a first serving cell (e.g., SCell) , the UE transmits the BFRQ in a second serving cell, where the first and second serving cell may be in the same cell group. In some embodiments, after completing the BFR procedure (e.g., X symbols or slots or milliseconds after the UE receives the BFRR) , the UE performs further communication with the NE on the DL or UL channel based on the DL RS in the TCI state configured or indicated for the DL or UL channel. The NE may transmit the DL RS based on one of the reported predicted beams in the BFRQ.
[0102] For State 4 in Table 1 (i.e., neither CBD nor CBP identified a candidate beam) , in the BFRQ, the UE indicates absence of identified CBD RS and predicted candidate beam. The UE may also report the failed serving cell index. In some embodiments, after receiving such an BFRQ report for an SCell BFR, the NE deactivates the SCell and / or triggers or activates a set of DL RSs (e.g., SSBs or CSI-RSs) for beam measurement and report for the SCell. In other embodiments, after receiving such an BFRQ report for a PCell / PSCell BFR, the NE transmits a control signal to configure switching the PCell / PSCell and an SCell or triggers or activates a set of DL RSs (e.g., SSBs or CSI-RSs) for beam measurement and report or CBD for the PCell / PSCell.
[0103] In some embodiments, if the failed serving cell is PCell or PSCell in candidate beam State 4, the UE triggers a radio link failure (RLF) procedure. The UE may then start to select another cell to access. Alternatively, the UE may transmit a request for more CBD RSs for the PCell or PSCell. Similarly, if the failed serving cell is an SCell in candidate beam State 4, the UE may transmit a request for more CBD RSs for the SCell.
[0104] The embodiment descriptions in this section refer to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in different drawings identify the same or similar elements. The detailed descriptions do not preclude other embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. The embodiments are not limited to the described configurations but may be extended to other arrangements.
[0105] Reference throughout this section to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
[0106] Numerical adjectives “first” , “second” , and “third” do not imply any order (are not ordinals) but are markers to distinguish separate instances of similar elements. References to the singular (e.g., “a” or “an” , “the” ) should include the plural unless clearly indicated otherwise.
[0107] As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” or “one or more of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. For example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover the possibilities of: a only, b only, c only, a combination of a and b, a combination of a and c, a combination of b and c, and a combination of a and b and c.
[0108] Although the features and elements of the present embodiments are described in the embodiments in particular combinations, each feature or element can be used alone without the other features and elements of the embodiments or in various combinations with or without other features and elements disclosed herein. The methods or flowcharts may be implemented in a computer program, software or firmware tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium for execution by a specifically programmed computer or processor.
Claims
1.A wireless communication method (600) performed by a user equipment, UE, (102) , the method comprising:receiving (604) , from a network entity, NE, (104) , a control signal configuring the UE to perform candidate beam detection, CBD, and candidate beam prediction, CBP, for a beam failure recovery, BFR, procedure;receiving (606) , from the NE (104) , downlink reference signals, DL RS, on a subset of DL beams; andtransmitting (610) , to the NE, a BFR request, BFRQ, including at least one of CBD information or CBP information based on the DL RS, the CBP information specifying a predicted candidate beam, PCB, when a CBP criterion is satisfied.2.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the CBP criterion includes at least one of:(A) a predicted beam quality criterion that is satisfied when:a predicted reference signal received power, RSRP, of the PCB is above or equal to a first threshold,a predicted signal-to-interference plus noise ratio, SINR, of the PCB is above or equal to a second threshold, ora predicted hypothetical block error ratio, H-BLER, of the PCB is below or equal to a third threshold;(B) a confidence level criterion that is satisfied when:a predicted beam accuracy of the PCB is above or equal to a fourth threshold, ora predicted beam quality error of the PCB is below or equal to a fifth threshold; or(C) a probability level criterion that is satisfied when a probability of the PCB to be one of best K beams among the DL beams is above or equal to a sixth threshold, with K being an integer larger than or equal to 1.3.The wireless communication method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the control signal further configures the UE:to perform the CBP employing a machine learning, ML, model,to select the predicted candidate beam using the CBP criterion,to monitor the subset of the DL beams, andto use a first set of uplink, UL, channels to transmit the BFRQ including the CBP information.4.The wireless communication method of any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising transmitting (602) , to the NE, a UE capability information indicating at least one of:a UE-supported configuration for the CBP,a minimum, maximum, or supported number of DL RS for the CBP, ora minimum, maximum, or supported number of predicted beams.5.The wireless communication method of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the CBP information includes at least one of:an indicator as to whether the PCB has been identified;an index of the PCB;a predicted beam quality of the PCB;a confidence level associated with the PCB; ora probability level associated with the PCB.6.The wireless communication method of claims 1 to 5, wherein the BFRQ further indicates a failed serving cell index.7.The wireless communication method of claim 6, wherein:the CBD information indicates one or more beams in the subset of the DL beams when the one or more beams satisfy a CBD criterion of beam quality, andthe control signal further configures the UE to select the one or more beams using the CBD criterion, and to use a second set of UL channels to transmit the BFRQ including the CBD information.8.The wireless communication method of claim 6, wherein the transmitting of the BFRQ includes transmitting the CBD information and the CBP information separately using at least one medium access control, MAC, control element, CE or uplink control information, UCI, message.9.The wireless communication method of claim 7 or 8, wherein the transmitting of the CBP information includes:performing a physical random access channel, PRACH, procedure using a beam in the subset of the DL beams that satisfies the CBD criterion and reporting the CBP information using the beam.10.The wireless communication method of claim 9, wherein, when the BFR procedure is triggered by a beam failure detection associated with a serving cell, messages exchanged during the PRACH procedure are repeated a predetermined number of repetitions.11.The wireless communication method of claim 7 or 8, further comprising:after the BFR procedure is completed, receiving a first downlink communication that uses the PCB, and a second downlink communication that uses a beam in the subset of DL beams that satisfies the CBD criterion.12.The wireless communication method of claims 1 to 10, further comprising:receiving a downlink communication using a predicted candidate beam, PCB, after the BFR procedure is completed and before applying a transmission configuration indicator, TCI, state.13.The wireless communication method of any of claims 1 to 12, further comprising:receiving, from the NE, a beam failure recovery response, BFRR; andupdating a DL beam based on the BFRR, wherein, when the BFRR does not indicate the DL beam, the UE selects a beam based on a quasi-colocation or spatial relation assumption.14.A wireless communication method (700) performed by a network entity (104) , the method comprising:transmitting (704) , to a user equipment, UE, (102) , a control signal for configuring the UE to perform candidate beam detection, CBD, and candidate beam prediction, CBP, for a beam failure recovery, BFR, procedure;transmitting (706) , to the UE, downlink reference signals, DL RS, on a subset of DL beams; andreceiving (710) , from the UE, a BFR request, BFRQ, indicating at least one of CBD information or CBP information, the CBP information specifying a predicted candidate beam, PCB, when a CBP criterion is satisfied.15.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the CBP criterion includes at least one of:(A) a predicted beam quality criterion that is satisfied when:a predicted reference signal received power, RSRP, of the PCB is above or equal to a first threshold,a predicted signal-to-interference plus noise ratio, SINR, of the PCB is above or equal to a second threshold, ora predicted hypothetical block error ratio, H-BLER, of the PCB is below or equal to a third threshold;(B) a confidence level criterion that is satisfied when:a predicted beam accuracy of the PCB is above or equal to a fourth threshold, ora predicted beam quality error of the PCB is below or equal to a fifth threshold; or(C) a probability level criterion that is satisfied when a probability of the PCB to be one of best K beams among the DL beams is above or equal to a sixth threshold, with K being an integer larger than or equal to 1.16.A wireless communication device (102, 104) comprising a transceiver (156, 154, 146, 144) , a processor (152, 142) configured to perform any one of methods in claims 1-15, using the transceiver.
Citation Information
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Method, device and computer storage medium of communication
WO2023236035A1