Modular element for erecting room cells

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular element (1) for erecting room cells (2) having a hexagonal visible surface, said modular element consisting of three sides of a hexagonal tube. The aim of the invention is to provide a modular element (1) by means of which room cells having a hexagonal visible surface can be economically produced such that the entire interior of the room cell can be used for residence and the sense of space in the room is increased by a widening of the room at eye level. This is achieved in that the modular element (1) according to the invention is characterized in that the modular element (1) consists of a central side (7), which forms the ceiling and floor of adjoining room cells, and two limb sides (6), which are positioned symmetrically to each other and form walls of adjoining room cells.

Description

Description MODULAR ELEMENT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROOM CELLS

[0001] The invention relates to a modular element for constructing room cells with a hexagonal visible surface, a construction system with such modular elements and buildings constructed therewith.

[0002] The hexagonal honeycomb shape is used in architecture for both practical and aesthetic building design. For Tegel Airport, von Gerkan and Mark used a hexagonal floor plan, while the architectural firms BIG and Ofis focused on designing facades with hexagonal shapes. The German Youth Hostel Association has created compact living spaces with a hexagonal visible surface for the Beckerwitz Youth Hostel.

[0003] Prefabricated modular elements are used for the economical construction of buildings. For the construction of room cells with a hexagonal visible surface, DE 20 2019 101 476 U1 already describes the use of one-piece, integral hexagonal, tubular units that can be stacked vertically to create a group of room cells. Alternatively, six identical panels can be used to construct a room cell. DE 23 59 977 A1 proposes an element consisting of two sides of a regular hexagon. Many uniform elements are suitable for the economical construction of compact, stacked living spaces with a hexagonal visible surface. However, because one edge of the resulting hexagonal tube, which forms a room cell, points downwards and a floor slab must be inserted, the living space is smaller with a roof-shaped ceiling and the user's sense of space is impaired.

[0004] The object of the invention is therefore to create a module with which room cells with a hexagonal visible surface can be created economically in such a way that the entire interior of the room cell can be used for living and the sense of space is increased by widening the room to eye level.

[0005] For a modular element for constructing room cells with a hexagonal visible surface, this task is solved by the modular element consisting of a central side that forms the ceiling and floor of adjacent room cells, and two symmetrically arranged side walls that form the walls of adjacent room cells. Such modular elements can be used to construct room cells whose entire interior is usable for living and whose sloping walls widen at eye level, thereby increasing the sense of space. By allowing each side of the modular element (central side, side walls) to fulfill a dual function (floor / ceiling, wall / wall), material-efficient construction is possible because double walls are no longer necessary. By integrating multiple room sides (ceiling / floor, wall) into one modular element By combining the modules, fewer connections and connectors are required for assembly. Because the symmetry of the module components allows for stacking, the modules can be transported very compactly.

[0006] Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims, the features of which further improve and refine the solution approach of the modular element according to the invention.

[0007] If the leg sides are designed to form a form-fitting transition to the middle side at their free ends, the module elements can be stacked and positioned laterally offset in a similar orientation. The free ends of the leg sides then rest on the transition to the middle side of adjacent module elements. They are then easy to install and can, for example, be lifted directly from a stack of modules into the assembly position without the need to twist or tilt the modules. A room cell is defined by four modules arranged in three consecutive levels.

[0008] If a set of interacting connecting elements is provided at the free ends of the leg sides and at the transition from the leg sides to the middle side, the assembled module elements can be connected even more effectively, e.g., firmly but detachably using a screw connection. If the connecting elements are designed as a suspension system, the module elements can be easily aligned with each other during assembly and also connected to each other in a form-fitting manner in the axial direction.

[0009] The utilization of the room units formed by the modular elements can be improved if the visible surface of the room unit deviates from the shape of a regular, equilateral hexagon. If the middle side is longer than the side, the visible surface of the room unit takes on the shape of a horizontally elongated hexagon. This expands the width of the floor and ceiling areas, increasing the usable living space of a room unit. If the angle between the middle side and the side is greater than 120°, 0 The visible surface of the room cell takes on the shape of a vertically compressed hexagon. This also allows the ratio of width to height of the room cell to be changed.

[0010] If the angle between the middle side and the thigh side is greater than 120 °, especially between 130 0and 145°, the inclination of the leg sides of offset stacked module elements relative to the horizontal approaches the inclination of conventional stairs. In this way, the entire stepped access in the building can be provided via the slopes of the leg sides in one access area of ​​the hexagonal tubes, e.g., at one end or near the middle of the tube length. Separate staircases on separate flights of stairs are no longer required. Even within an apartment consisting of several room units, stepped access can be provided via the sloped leg sides. Prefabricated stairs become unnecessary. The sides are simply covered with a step-like access element that forms steps.

[0011] According to a further preferred embodiment of the modular element according to the invention, the modular element consists of a supporting structure and a fill. The supporting structure contributes significantly to meeting the requirements of statics and fire protection, while the fill primarily contributes to sound and thermal insulation. The supporting structure can be made of various load-bearing materials, such as wood, steel, or composites, but preferably of concrete, in particular heat-insulating or CO2-binding concrete, optionally in a CO2-positive version. The fill preferably consists of natural, climate-friendly, or energy-saving materials that can be combined with the supporting structure. Examples of suitable loose, pourable, or moldable building materials are clay mixes or screed.

[0012] If technical installations for supplying the walls, floor, or ceiling of the room units with electricity, water, heat, or air are integrated into the modular element according to the invention, a high degree of prefabrication can be achieved, thus ensuring safe construction processes and rapid completion of the building through assembly. If the technical installations are predominantly embedded in the fill, the stability of the supporting structure is maintained and the production of the modular elements is simplified. A modular element made of concrete and, for example, clay can, in combination, meet all structural requirements and be easily usable over the long term, reusable, and dismantled or converted. For example, the fill can be removed, new technical installations, possibly incorporating new technical advances, installed, and embedded in fresh fill material.

[0013] Equipping a modular element with technical installations for at least two adjacent room units increases the functionality of the single-walled structure of the modular element, which forms sections of the partition wall between adjacent room units. The technical installations are preferably equipped with plug-in connections for connection to a power supply to further facilitate installation.

[0014] A modular element according to the invention can be provided with a removable shell surface for transport and assembly, which is attached as a protective plate, for example, over the fill. A modular element can preferably be provided with replaceable finish surfaces for walls, ceilings, or floors, which are applied before or after assembly. If shell surfaces have been applied, they can be replaced with finish surfaces after assembly. A modular element can preferably also be provided with step-like access points to form steps on the side walls. If the modular element is provided with platforms for the attachment or connection of furniture, appliances, or other add-on components, These can be installed and connected more easily during the interior work.

[0015] A further subject of the invention is a construction system for constructing room units with a hexagonal visible surface, which consists of modular elements according to the invention, as well as facade elements and supply modules that can form the end of the hexagonal tubes formed by the modular elements. This allows the creation and supply of living spaces enclosed on all sides. The construction system preferably also comprises support elements that can absorb vertical loads.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, service modules are designed to accommodate elevators for accessing a building. Service modules of the building system can include raised floors in which supply lines from adjacent service modules are routed. If modular elements are equipped with technical installations for two adjacent room units, these can be connected from the raised floor of the service module. This is particularly advantageous if the service modules are designed so that the raised floors are adjacent to the middle sides of the modular elements.

[0017] According to another preferred embodiment, the construction system comprises elements for stepped access, or furniture, appliances, or other add-on components for attachment or connection to platforms that are adapted to the slope of the side walls. This allows for easy creation of staircases between individual room units or between living units, and the rooms can be directly furnished with furnishings adapted to the wall slope. It is also advantageous if the construction system includes finish surfaces for walls, ceilings, or floors, which accelerate interior construction but also allow for individual design.

[0018] Another object of the invention is a building with room cells with a hexagonal visible surface, which was constructed with a construction system according to the invention.

[0019] The modular elements and construction systems according to the invention are explained below using a preferred embodiment, which is illustrated in the figures. Fig. 1 shows a section through an installed modular element in a preferred embodiment. Fig. 2 shows a modular element according to the invention in a preferred embodiment, a corresponding construction system in a preferred embodiment, and a building resulting from it in an oblique side view.

[0020] The modular elements (1) shown in the figures for the construction of room cells (2) with a hexagonal visible surface consist of three sides of a hexagonal tube, a middle side (7) which connects the ceiling and floor adjoining room cells (2), and two symmetrically arranged side walls (6), which form wall sections of adjoining room cells (2). A modular element thus incorporates the properties of wall, floor, and ceiling in an integral manner.

[0021] In Fig. 1, the module element (1) rests with the free ends of its leg sides (6) in a form-fitting manner at the transition from the middle side to the leg side of adjacent module elements. The module elements can thus be placed laterally offset on top of one another in a similar orientation to form a spatial unit (1). The free ends of the leg sides (6) and the transition from the leg sides (6) to the middle side (7) are each provided with a set of interacting connecting elements (8) designed as a suspension system. This allows the module elements to be placed laterally offset on top of one another securely and precisely.

[0022] The illustrated module element deviates from the shape of half a regular, equilateral hexagon in two ways. Firstly, the middle side (7) is longer than the side sides (6), and secondly, the angle between the middle side (7) and the side side (6) is approximately 135 0 instead of 120 0 of a regular hexagon, so that the visible surface of the resulting room unit takes the form of a horizontally stretched and vertically compressed hexagon. This allows the width-to-height ratio of the room unit to be designed to suit individual needs. Furthermore, the gradient of the side walls is within the range of typical stair gradients, and one side wall can be equipped with a step-like access element (9), forming stairs.

[0023] The modular element (1) consists of a supporting structure (13) and a fill (14) which is formed in a recess in the day structure on each of the three sides. The supporting structure (13) is cast from concrete and the fill (14) is made of natural, climate-friendly or energy-saving materials. Technical installations (11) for the supply of electricity, water, heat or air are embedded in the fill. The modular element (1) contains technical installations (11) which are effective for four adjacent room cells (2). The installations (11) are provided with plug-in connections (10) for easy connection to a supply. For rapid interior fitting, the modular element can be provided with interchangeable finish surfaces (12) for walls, ceiling or floor. It is also provided with platforms (15) for the attachment or connection of furniture, appliances or other add-on components.

[0024] Fig. 2 shows that the modular elements (1) can be delivered stacked due to their shape and suitable sizes. Without further turning or tilting, they can be stacked sideways on top of each other and, when installed, form six sides of a room unit (2) together with neighboring modular elements. Further modular elements of the building system, such as facade elements (3), support frames (4), or service modules (5), close off the tubular room unit at its ends, supplying and stabilizing the living spaces. Facade elements (3), support frames (4) Supply modules (5) can also be precisely connected to the module elements using a special suspension system. In the supply modules, all cables for a module element are routed through a false floor (16) and connected to the technical installations in the module element via plug-in sleeves (10). This creates a building with a multitude of room units (2) with a hexagonal visible surface, in which stairs can be easily created using elements for stepped access (9) attached to the side walls.

Claims

Claims 1. Modular element (1) for erecting room cells (2) with a hexagonal visible surface, which consists of three sides of a hexagonal tube, characterized in that the modular element consists of a central side (7) which forms the ceiling and floor of adjacent room cells, and of two symmetrically arranged leg sides (6) which form the walls of adjacent room cells.

2. Module element according to claim 1, characterized in that the leg sides (6) are designed at their free ends to form a positive fit with the transition to the middle side (7), so that the module elements can be placed laterally offset on one another in a similar orientation, wherein the free ends of the leg sides (6) can rest on the transition to the middle side (7) of adjacent module elements.

3. Modular element according to claim 2, characterized in that at the free ends of the leg sides (6) and at the transition of the leg sides (6) to the middle side (7) a part of cooperating connecting elements (8) is formed.

4. Modular element according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting elements (8) are designed as a suspension system.

5. Modular element according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the visible surface of the spatial cell deviates from the shape of a regular, equilateral hexagon.

6. Modular element according to claim 5, characterized in that the middle side (7) is longer than the leg side (6), so that the visible surface of the spatial cell takes the form of a horizontally elongated hexagon.

7. Module element according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the angle between the middle side (7) and the leg side (6) is greater than 120 0so that the visible surface of the room cell takes the form of a vertically compressed hexagon.

8. Modular element according to claim 7, characterized in that the angle between the middle side (7) and the leg side (6) is so much greater than 120 0 so that the inclination of the leg sides (6) of offset stacked module elements relative to the horizontal approaches the inclination of conventional stairs.

9. Modular element according to claim 8, characterized in that the angle between the middle side (7) and the leg side (6) is between 130 0 and 145 0 amounts.

10. Modular element according to one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the modular element consists of a supporting structure (13) and a fill (14).

11. Modular element according to claim 10, characterized in that the supporting structure (13) consists of concrete, metallic or wood materials and the fill (14) consists of natural, climate-friendly or energy-saving materials.

12. Modular element according to one of claims 1 - 11, characterized in that the modular element contains technical installations (11) for the supply of electricity, water, heat or air for the wall, floor or ceiling of room cells.

13. Modular element according to claim 10 and 12, characterized in that the technical installations (11) are predominantly embedded in the fill (14).

14. Modular element according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that a modular element (1) contains technical installations (11) for at least two adjacent room cells (2).

15. Module element according to claims 12-14, characterized in that the technical installations (11) are provided with plug connections (10) for connection to a supply.

16. Modular element according to claims 1-15, characterized in that the modular element can be provided with interchangeable finish surfaces (12) for wall, ceiling or floor or with step-like access points (9).

17. Modular element according to claims 1-16, characterized in that the modular element is provided with platforms (15) for the attachment or connection of furniture, appliances or other attachments.

18. Construction system for erecting room cells (2) with a hexagonal visible surface, characterized in that the construction system consists of modular elements according to one of the preceding claims, as well as facade elements (3) and supply modules (5) which can form the end of the hexagonal tubes formed by the modular elements.

19. Construction system according to claim 18, characterized in that the construction system further comprises support elements (4) which can absorb vertical loads.

20. Construction system according to one of claims 18-19, characterized in that the supply modules (5) can accommodate elevators for access to a building.

21. Construction system according to one of claims 18-20, characterized in that the supply modules (5) comprise double floors (16) in which supply lines of adjacent supply modules are laid.

22. Construction system according to claim 21, characterized in that the supply modules are designed such that double floors (16) adjoin central sides (7) of module elements (1).

23. Construction system according to one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that the construction system comprises elements for step-like access (9) or furniture, equipment or other attachments for attachment or connection to platforms (15) which are adapted to the inclination of the leg sides.

24. Construction system according to one of claims 18 to 23, characterized in that the construction system comprises finish surfaces (12) for wall, ceiling or floor.

25. Building with room cells (2) with a hexagonal visible surface, characterized in that the building was constructed with a construction system according to claims 18 to 23.

Images