System and method for auto diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication and sorting

Abstract

System and method for auto diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting is disclosed. System consists of diamond feeder mechanism (1), diamond separator (2), pick and place robots (3, 5, 7), photography station (4), colour station (6), weighing station (8), outlet system (9), barcode printer (10) and data collection and control system (11). System is 5 provided with different functionalities such as; (i) auto data measurement includes individual and / or combination parameter measurements such as weight, colour, fluorescence, 3D model along with internal and surface impurities, 360 photography / Videography, shape, and stress, (ii) Fingerprint that is unique DNA of each diamond is registered for matching and authenticated, (iii) assortment on 10 the bases of individual and / or combination parameters of weight, colour, fluorescence, shape, stress, purity (iv) auto single packet creation includes auto data measurement its entry in the ERP system and barcode printing of the register data.

Description

[0001] System and method for auto diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication and sorting

[0002] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Present invention is related to a system and a method for auto diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting. The system as per the present invention is provided with different functionalities such as; (i) auto data measurement that includes individual and / or combination parameter measurements such as weight, colour, fluorescence, creation of 3D Model along with internal and surface impurities, 360 photography / Videography, shape, and stress (ii) fingerprint that is unique DNA of each diamond is registered for record and future authentication (iii) assortment on the bases of individual and / or combination of various parameters such as weight, colour, fluorescence, shape, stress, purity, (iv) auto single packet creation which includes auto data measurement its entry in the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system and barcode printing of the register data for particular packet.

[0004] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The initial data associated with each rough diamond plays an important role in determining its suitability and potential value prior to the commencement of any manufacturing or cutting process. This data typically includes a comprehensive set of physical and visual parameters such as carat weight, shape, colour, clarity, internal stress patterns, and the presence of natural inclusions or impurities. An accurate assessment of these attributes enables manufacturers to make informed decisions about the optimal cutting plan, the potential yield of polished diamonds, and the commercial viability of the stone. Furthermore, initial data helps in estimating the maximum value that can be extracted from a rough diamond while minimizing wastage. It also aids in classifying and sorting diamonds based on quality and intended use, which is essential for efficient resource allocation, cost control, and production planning. Without precise and reliable initial data, the risk of suboptimal cuting decisions increases, potentially resulting in significant material loss and reduced profitability. Therefore, capturing and analysing this initial data with high accuracy and consistency is of prime importance in the diamond manufacturing workflow.

[0006] Initial data such as carat weight, colour, fluorescence, clarity, shape, and internal stress helps mining companies accurately assess the value of each rough diamond immediately after extraction. This data is essential for inventory management, financial reporting, and forecasting revenue. By capturing initial measurements, mines can classify diamonds into different quality tiers. This helps in grouping similar diamonds together for efficient sales, processing, or internal sorting. The data allows mines to analyse and record the type and quality of diamonds. This insight supports implementation of mining strategies and investment decisions, especially when optimizing operations based on expected yield and profitability. Accurate initial data contributes to traceability programs that ensure diamonds are ethically sourced and comply with international standards. This is increasingly important for building trust with buyers and regulators.

[0007] Tender houses rely on precise initial data to provide detailed and standardized reports for buyers. This transparency builds buyer confidence, leading to beter participation and more competitive bidding. Well-documented initial data helps in cataloguing and presenting diamonds clearly during tenders, often accompanied by 3D model, 360° images or videos, weight, colour, and clarity information. It reduces the need for extended physical inspections. Once a diamond's initial data and "fingerprint" (i.e., internal features or impurity paterns) are recorded, the system can be used to track the diamond throughout the manufacturing process, reducing the risk of theft or swipe .Some tender houses offer buyback options. The recorded initial data and digital fingerprint help re-authenticate the diamond during resale or return, ensuring it is the exact same diamond / stone that was sold initially. Initial data collection involves capturing all key measurable and observable features of a rough diamond that influence its valuation, manufacturability, and marketability. It requires; highly accurate measurements of weight, colour, clarity, fluorescence, internal stress, shape and accurate 3D model. Even minor errors in measurement of any of this parameter can impact valuation and downstream processes. It involves visual inspection under magnification or specialized lighting to assess inclusions, surface blemishes, and colour zoning. Each stone needs to be carefully examined individually. Depending on the size and quality of the diamond, this process may take several minutes to over an hour. Traditional manual process of initial data collection requires physical handling and documentation. Often initial data collection is done with loupe, microscope, precision weighing scales, and colour comparison tools. Mistake or error in data collection leads to incorrect sorting, valuation losses, or security issues. Further, thorough surveillance is required for monitoring of personnel involved in initial data collection of high value stones.

[0008] Variety of skills is required for initial data collection of rough diamonds. Manpower involved should be capable of detecting tiny inclusions, cracks, or defects that may not be immediately visible. Manpower involved should have analytical skills for predicting the manufacturing potential of a rough diamond. Many judgments are subjective and require years of practice and experience to build intuition about value and potential. Accurate recording of the measured parameter on log book, into a digital or ERP system is also of prime importance and manpower needs to be trained for the same.

[0009] Various difficulties are involved with initial data collection looking to the nature of the work. Manual measurements and subjective grading can lead to inconsistent results. Misidentification or misclassification of diamonds can result in financial losses. Unlike polished diamonds, rough diamonds vary significantly in shape, surface texture, and internal features, making standardization difficult. It requires a team of highly skilled workers, which increases labor cost and limits scalability. Handling valuable unregistered diamonds without traceable identifiers raises risks of theft, swapping, or loss. In many operations, there's still reliance on manual logs or spreadsheets, leading to poor traceability and data integrity issues. Light conditions, magnification quality, and even dust can impact assessment accuracy.

[0010] Initial data collection of rough diamonds is a critical and high-value task that demands a blend of technical expertise, visual acuity, and extensive experience. It involves precise measurement and evaluation of parameters such as weight, colour, fluorescence, clarity, shape, and internal stress, and, creation of 3D model which are essential for accurate valuation, sorting, and manufacturing decisions. Traditionally, this process relies heavily on skilled manpower, with workforce requirements varying based on the operational scale of the facility. The ability to correctly assort diamonds is developed over years of practice and is based on nuanced observation of their physical characteristics. However, the manual nature of this work introduces significant challenges, including human error, time inefficiencies, and elevated security risks. Given the high value of diamonds, maintaining traceability and ensuring authenticity at every stage of the supply chain is crucial, particularly during the initial assortment and single packet creation stages where the absence of prior digital records increases the likelihood of theft or swapping. Therefore, automating this process not only enhances speed and accuracy but also significantly strengthens security and traceability, as proposed in the present invention.

[0011] DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART

[0012] Patent document US20120179290A1 discloses an automated diamond sorting system that utilizes electromechanical components and vision systems to grade diamonds based on characteristics such as colour and clarity. The system employs robotic arms to transport diamonds from a source to a vision system for grading and then to a collection unit based on the determined grade. The system focuses primarily on colour and clarity, potentially overlooking other critical parameters like weight, shape, fluorescence and stress, which are vital for comprehensive diamond evaluation. The system does not incorporate a method for uniquely identifying each diamond ensuring security and reduced risk of theft or swap making it challenging to track individual diamond throughout the processing chain.

[0013] While existing systems have made strides in automating certain aspects of diamond measurement and sorting, they often operate in isolation, focusing on specific parameters or processes. The integration of comprehensive data measurement, unique fingerprint authentication, and automated sorting into a single, cohesive system remains a challenge. Addressing these limitations would enhance accuracy, efficiency, and security in diamond processing, benefiting manufacturers, mines, and tender houses alike.

[0014] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0015] Primary object of the present invention is to provide a fully automated system and method for accurate, efficient, and contactless measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting of rough and / or polished diamonds, whether natural or synthetic.

[0016] Another object is to provide the said system with a size-invariant diamond feeder system capable of handling diamonds of various sizes without the need for manual classification or intervention.

[0017] Another object is to provide the said system with an automated diamond feeder and separator mechanism capable of controlled and consistent feeding and isolation of individual diamonds.

[0018] Another object is to provide the said system with a feature enabling 360° photography and videography of each diamond for the generation of a unique fingerprint based on surface and internal features. Another object is to provide the said system with a feature ensuring precise measurement of colour, fluorescence, shape, stress, and weight using specialized stations and equipment integrated into a single system.

[0019] Another object is to provide the said system capable of integrating fingerprint authentication by matching newly captured diamond data with a pre -stored database for traceability and verification.

[0020] Another object is to provide the said system with an automated assortment mechanism for classifying and sorting batch of diamonds based on user-defined criteria and combinations of multiple measured parameters.

[0021] Another object is to incorporate a robust data collection and control feature into the said system for coordinating the movement of robotic arms, processes data, and communicates with an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system and display the same on the touch screen for the better user experience.

[0022] Another object is to provide the said system with a barcode-based automated packet creation facility ensuring automated labeling and documentation of each processed diamond.

[0023] Another object is to provide the said system with an anti-static features that prevent diamond sticking and clumping caused by electrostatic charges during the feeding, separating, and weighing processes.

[0024] Another object is to provide the said system with features maintaining stable and controlled environmental conditions, particularly at the photography station and color station for enhanced measurement accuracy and image quality.

[0025] Another object is to provide the said system facilitating scalability and flexibility in configuration by allowing operation with varying numbers of pick-and-place robots and / or integration with conveyors or other transfer mechanisms. Another object is to provide the said system allowing cloud integration and remote database access for enhanced data security, traceability, and scalability.

[0026] Further object is to provide the said system enabling a matching and authentication feature for its verification based on stored database of individual or batch of diamonds, and automatically locking unmatched diamonds for further investigation fortraceability and source (mine) identification and verification.

[0027] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The invention relates to a fully automated system and method for diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting. The system handles rough and / or polished natural and / or synthetic diamonds and is capable of measuring multiple parameters including weight, colour, fluorescence, shape and stress, capturing 360° photography / videography and, generating 3D Model along with internal and surface impurities for fingerprinting. It includes various stations connected via robotic arms and a control system for seamless and precise operation.

[0029] The said system is consisting of: a diamond feeder mechanism for feeding rough diamonds from a hopper using a vibro-feeder mounted on a damper platform; a diamond separator for separating and isolating single diamonds using a rotating separator platform and camera-assisted identification, pick and place robots with suction-based grippers managing transfer of rough diamonds between various stations; a photography station for capturing 360° photographs and video of rough diamond for generates 3D models, and creating fingerprint data; a colour station using a spectrometer and or RGB camera under controlled lighting to assess diamond colour; a weighing station measuring rough diamond weight with high precision using a vibration-isolated weight scale; an outlet system facilitating barcode based packet creation, auto packaging using appropriate mechanism, sorting into bins and creation of the auto packets of the assorted diamonds single or batch along with barcode label , temporary storage of the rough diamonds while matching and authentication is in process and locking of the unauthenticated rough diamonds in a locking bin for further investigation, a data collection and control system to manage data acquisition, robot coordination, ERP integration, and barcode printing.

[0030] Advanced features of the said system includes: electrostatic charge control to prevent diamond sticking, real-time image processing to manage feeder input and diamond separation, automated rejection and re-routing for misaligned diamonds, flexible system configuration allowing partial or full data collection, fingerprintbased authentication using all the recorded data and the 3D model along with its internal and surface impurities, integration with cloud and / or local server for data traceability and ERP system for packet creation.

[0031] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The features of the invention as per the present patent application are described with reference to the following drawings in which like elements are labeled similarly. The present invention will be more clearly understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0033] FIG. 1 is a schematic line diagram showing top view of a system for auto diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication and sorting.

[0034] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing diamond feeder mechanism (1) in an isometric view.

[0035] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing diamond feeder mechanism (1) in a side view.

[0036] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing diamond feeder mechanism (1) in a top view.

[0037] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the diamond separator (2) in an isometric view.

[0038] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the diamond separator (2) in a side view.

[0039] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the diamond separator (2) in atop view. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the photography station (4) in an isometric view.

[0040] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the photography station (4) in a front view.

[0041] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the pick and place robot-2 (5) along with a centering mechanism (35) positioned on the colour station (6) in an isometric view.

[0042] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the suction pad gripper (36) of the pick and place robot-2 (5) positioned on the colour station (6) in a front view.

[0043] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the suction pad gripper (36) of the pick and place robot-2 (5) positioned on the colour station (6) in a top view.

[0044] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the enlarge view of detail A marked in FIG. 11.

[0045] FIG. 14 shows a sample barcode sticker printed using the barcode printer for a particular rough diamond using the measured data.

[0046] FIG. 15 is a schematic drawing showing sorting bins (38) along with driving mechanism (40) in an isometric view.

[0047] List of designations / reference numbers in figure

[0048] 1. a diamond feeder mechanism

[0049] 2. a diamond separator

[0050] 3. a pick and place robot- 1

[0051] 4. a photography station

[0052] 5. a pick and place robot-2

[0053] 6. a colour station

[0054] 7. a pick and place robot-3

[0055] 8. a weighing station

[0056] 9. an outlet system

[0057] 10. a barcode printer

[0058] 11. a data collection and control system

[0059] 12. a damper platform 13. a hopper

[0060] 14. a vibro-feeder mechanism

[0061] 15. a feeding tray

[0062] 16. a vibrator

[0063] 17. a separation mechanism

[0064] 18. a camera

[0065] 19. a separator platform

[0066] 20. a motor

[0067] 21. a coupling

[0068] 22. a mounting plate

[0069] 23. a slot

[0070] 24. a central stage

[0071] 25. a motor

[0072] 26. a flat surface with single or multiple holes

[0073] 27. an inner cylindrical space

[0074] 28. a camera system

[0075] 29. a photography chamber

[0076] 30. a heat exchanger

[0077] 31. a fluorescence lamp

[0078] 32. a mounting platform

[0079] 33. a rejection bin

[0080] 34. a mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic means

[0081] 35. a centering mechanism

[0082] 36. a suction pad gripper of the pick the pick and place robot-2 (5)

[0083] 37. an output dispenser

[0084] 38. a set of sorting bins

[0085] 39. an intermediate output dispenser

[0086] 40. a drive mechanism

[0087] 41. a locking bin

[0088] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The following description of the preferred embodiment(s) is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or its uses. Here the diamond can be any natural and / or synthetic which further can be rough and / or polished. The description of illustrative embodiments according to principles of the present invention is intended to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, which are to be considered as a part of the entire written description.

[0089] This invention describes a system and a method for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting. The automatic diamond data measurement includes measurement of weight, colour, fluorescence, creation of 3D Model along with internal and surface impurities, 360 photography / Videography, shape, and stress. Registration and storing of the fingerprint of the diamond is performed for traceability and authentication to ensure security. Assortment into different groups or batches on the bases of individual and / or combination of various parameters such as weight, colour, fluorescence, shape, stress, purity can be performed along with its bagging and barcode label. Auto single packet creation can be performed which includes auto data measurement, its entry in the ERP system and barcode printing of the registered data.

[0090] FIG. 1 is a line drawing showing top view of the system for auto diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication and sorting. As shown in FIG. 1, the system consists of a diamond feeder mechanism (1), a diamond separator (2), a pick and place robot- 1 (3), a photography station (4), a pick and place robot-2 (5), a colour station (6), a pick and place robot-3 (7), a weighing station (8), an outlet system (9), a barcode printer (10) and a data collection and control system (11).

[0091] The diamond feeder mechanism (1) feeds rough diamonds one-by-one from a bulk batch, regardless of size, ensuring a size -invariant input. The diamond separator (2) separates and isolates single diamonds out of the batch of the diamonds received from the diamond feeder mechanism (1) for convenience of pickup. The pick and place robot- 1 (3) picks the isolated diamond and transfers it to the photography station (4). The photography station (4) firmly hold the diamond transferred to it and captures its 360° photos and videos using multiple cameras which is further used to generate a three dimensional (3D) model and fingerprint of the diamond based on internal and surface features. The pick and place robot-2 (5) transfers the diamond from the photography station (4) to the colour station (6) for measurement of the diamond's colour. The pick and place robot-3 (7) transfers the diamond from the colour station (6) to the weighing station (8), and subsequently to the outlet system (9). The weighing station (8) precisely weighs the diamond. The outlet system (9) dispenses the diamond after all measurements and has packet creation functionality and diamond lock feature. The barcode printer (10) prints a barcode sticker containing the unique identification (ID) number and measured data of the diamond, linked to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) records for each packet. The data collection and control system (11) collects all measurements, coordinates the pick and place robots (3, 5, 7) movements, prevents collisions, handles data storage, fingerprint matching, ERP integration, and triggers barcode printing. A power supply unit (42) is used for powering the diamond feeder mechanism (1), the diamond separator (2), various stations (4, 6, 8), robots (3, 5, 7), the data collection and control system (11) and the barcode printer (10).

[0092] Referring to FIG. 2-4, the diamond feeder mechanism (1) is consisting of a damper platform (12), a vibro-feeder mechanism (14) mounted on the damper platform (12) and a hopper (13) mounted over a vibro-feeder mechanism (14). The hopper (13) is configured to act as a receptor for rough diamonds. A batch of rough diamonds is poured to the diamond feeder mechanism (1) from the hopper (13). The vibro-feeder mechanism (14) is positioned appropriately with reference to the hopper (13) to receive the rough diamonds from the hopper (13). The vibro- feeder mechanism (14) is tuned (i.e. the amplitude and frequency of its vibration are set) such that at a time controlled number of rough diamonds move forward. The vibro-feeder mechanism (14) is consisting of a feeding tray (15) mounted over a vibrator (16). In the vibro-feeder mechanism (14), the feeding tray (15) receiving vibration from the vibrator (16) is configured such that the rough diamonds move in the forward direction only as shown by arrow irrespective of its size making this diamond feeder mechanism (1) size invariant. The feeding of the diamond is continued till the feeding of the last diamond in the batch. In another embodiment of the present invention a conveyer or other similar mechanism may be used for feeding of the rough diamonds. The diamond feeder mechanism (1) is assembled on the said system using the damper platform (12). This damper platform (12) prevents transfer of vibration from the vibro-feeder mechanism (14) to the other parts of the said system which is necessary for accurate measurement of various parameters at the photography station (4), the colour station (6) and the weighing station (8) of the said system.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 1, the diamond separator (2) is positioned to receive the rough diamonds from the vibro-feeder mechanism (14). As shown in FIG. 5-7, the diamond separator (2) is consisting of a separation mechanism (17) and a camera (18) (not shown in FIG. 5-7) in electronic communication with the data collection and control system (11). The separation mechanism (17) is consisting of a separator platform (19) configured to be rotated in clockwise and counter clock wise direction using a motor (20) via a coupling (21). The separation mechanism (17) is mounted on the said system using a mounting plate (22). The rough diamonds from the vibro-feeder mechanism (14) are allowed to fall on to the separator platform (19) from height via a slot (23). This free falling of the rough diamonds orients the rough diamonds to settle and rest on its face with maximum surface area on the separator platform (19). This ensures the rough diamond picked by the pick and place robot-1 (3) from the separator platform (19) and placed on the photography station (4) rest on its face with maximum surface area providing it stability while capturing 360 degree photographs / videography for 3D model creation at the photography station (4). When the separator platform (19) is rotated using the motor (20) alternatively in clockwise and counter clock wise direction, the rough diamonds on the separator platform (19) gets separated from each other because of centrifugal force acting on them. The camera (18) is positioned and configured to capture images of the rough diamonds separated on the separator platform (19) and send them to the data collection and control system (11) where the coordinate position of one of the separated rough diamond is identified and used to give a command to the pick and place robot- 1 (3) to pick up the separated rough diamond from the respective coordinate position on the separator platform (19) and transfer it to the photography station (4). Out of the various separated rough diamonds on the separator platform (19), the rough diamonds with maximum value of its linear distance from the nearest surrounding rough diamonds is selected for pick-up.

[0094] Number of diamonds fed by the diamond feeder mechanism (1) to the diamond separator (2) needs to be controlled. On accumulation of more number of rough diamonds on the separator platform (19) of the diamond separator (2), single separated diamond will not be available on the separator platform (19) for pickup. Hence, identification of coordinate position of the single separated rough diamond using the camera (18) for transferring of the rough diamond from the separator platform (19) to the photography station (4) using the pick and place robot- 1 (3) will not be possible. To overcome this problem, the vibrator (16) of the diamond feeder mechanism (1) is configured to operate in an intermittent manner for controlled feeding of the rough diamonds from the diamond feeder mechanism (1) to the diamond separator (2). For switching on and off the vibrator (16) minimum and maximum threshold value defined by the number of diamond present on the separator platform (19) of the diamond separator (2) at particular instance of time is used.

[0095] Images of the rough diamonds on the separator platform (19) of the diamond separator (2) captured by the camera (18) and communicated to the data collection and control system (11) is analyzed to get count of the rough diamonds present on the separator platform (19) and signal is sent to the diamond feeder mechanism (1) for operating the vibrator (16). When, number of rough diamonds present on the separator platform (19) are observed to be less than or equal to set threshold value, the data collection and control system (11) send signal to the diamond feeder mechanism (1) to switch on the vibrator (16) and when number of rough diamonds present on the separator platform (19) are observed to be greater than or equal to set threshold value, the data collection and control system (11) send signal to the diamond feeder mechanism (1) to switch off the vibrator (16). Minimum and maximum threshold value for operating the vibrator (16) of the diamond feeder mechanism (1) may be set based on the percentage of total area of the separator platform (19) covered by the rough diamonds at particular instance of time. The percentage of total area of the separator platform (19) covered by the rough diamonds can be calculated by analyzing the images of the separator platform (19) captured by the camera (18) and communicated to the data collection and control system (11).

[0096] Due to their physical properties, rough diamonds can develop static charges during their handling by the diamond feeder mechanism (1) and the separation mechanism (17) because of friction between rough diamonds, friction between rough diamond and parts of the diamond feeder mechanism (1) and the separation mechanism (17) and, interaction of the rough diamonds with air. This static charge can cause the rough diamonds to stick together or to the surfaces of the diamond feeder mechanism (1), leading to inconsistent flow and potential blockages. The electrostatic gun is used to impart a uniform and controlled charge (typically negative) to each rough diamond. Since like charges repel, the rough diamonds repel each other, preventing agglomeration or sticking. This dispersion effect keeps the rough diamonds separate and free-flowing, ensuring consistent delivery. Surfaces of the diamond feeder mechanism (1) and the separation mechanism (17) interacting with the rough diamonds are grounded or given an opposite polarity, the charged rough diamonds are repelled from sticking to those surfaces. Surfaces of the diamond feeder mechanism (1) and the separation mechanism (17) with which rough diamonds interacts may also be coated with anti-static or non-stick materials to enhance this effect.

[0097] The pick and place robot- 1 (3) is provided with a suction pad type gripper made up of silicon for picking up and transferring the identified separated rough diamond from the separator platform (19) to the photography station (4). The suction pad type gripper made up of silicon adapt to the shape of rough diamond in contact with it ensuring robust gripping of the rough diamond from multiple faces irrespective of its size and shape. In another embodiment of the present invention suction nozzle type gripper or gripper of any other type made up of metallic or nonmetallic material may also be used. The pick and place robot- 1 (3) is appropriately positioned with reference to the separator platform (19) and the photography station (4) and is having working envelop volume to ensure the performance of the intended task of transfer of the rough diamond from the separator platform (19) to the photography station (4) mounted on the said system.

[0098] As shown in FIG. 8-9, the photography station (4) is consisting of a central stage (24) coupled to a motor (25). The central stage (24) is provided with a flat surface with single or multiple holes (26) on it to tightly hold the rough diamond (50) placed on it using a suction force or any other suitable principle during the photography and video recording. The central stage (24) is hollow in construction and an inner cylindrical space (27) of the central stage (24) is configured to create vacuum using a vacuum pump (not shown in FIG. 8-9). This ensures that the rough diamond (50) placed on flat surface with single or multiple holes (26) firmly hold and maintains its fix position on the central stage (24) when vacuum is applied to an inner cylindrical space (27) of the central stage (24). A camera system (28) (not shown in FIG. 8-9) consisting of multiple cameras is provided on the photography station (4) for capturing photographs from the different angles and for 360 degree videography. For 360 degree photography and videography, the central stage holding the rough diamond (50) is rotated using the motor (25). The camera system (28) is connected to the data collection and control system (11) for processing and storing the captured photographs and recorded video. The data collection and control system (11) stores data on a dedicated storage device as well as on central server. Further, the camera system (28) is provided with autofocus and auto-crop features for photograph and video capturing and processing and hence the photography station (4) is a size -invariant system that automatically adjusts the focus and the lighting condition. Here camera image base and / or laser base and / or X-ray-based three-dimensional (3D) model of the rough diamond are generated and stored in the data collection and control system (11). The information collected in the form of photographs and videos is independent of the position of the rough diamond on the central stage (24). By processing captured and stored 3D model with internal and surface impurities, photographs and videos and color reading the data collection and control system (11) gathers and stores fingerprints of the rough diamond (50). After photography and video recording at the photography station (4), the rough diamond is transferred to the colour station (6) using the pick and place robot-2 (5). A photography chamber (29) at the photography station (4) as shown in FIG. 1 is maintained with consistent lighting conditions by auto maintenance of various parameters such as temperature, voltage, current, etc. to provide a stable environment for capturing the parameters. As shown in FIG. 1, a heat exchanger (30) is provided for maintaining temperature within predefined set range in the photography chamber (29). The photography station (4) is provided with a fluorescence lamp (31) for fluorescence measurement using captured photographs. The photography station (4) is mounted on the said system using a mounting platform (32) made up of a damping material that prevents transfer of vibrations generated due to working of the other parts of the said system to the photography station (4). Further, the data collection and control system (11) performs position check for the rough diamond (50) hold on the central stage (24) of the photography station (4). If any portion of the outer contour defining the rough diamond (50) is found to be located outside a boundary of the flat surface with single or multiple holes (26) of the central stage (50), then the rough diamond (50) placed on the photography station (4) is rejected by the data collection and control system (11). On rejection of the rough diamond (50) because of the improper placement at photography station (4), no data is recorded for the rejected rough diamond (50) and such diamond is trashed in a rejection bin (33) (not shown in any FIG.) using the pick and place robot- 1 (3) or by releasing compressed air from where again it is transferred to the diamond feeder mechanism (1) automatically using any suitable mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic means (34) (not shown in any FIG ).

[0099] The pick and place robot-2 (5) is provided with a suction pad type gripper (36) made up of silicon for picking up and transferring the rough diamond from the photography station (4) and transferring it to the colour station (6). The suction pad type gripper (36) made up of silicon adapt to the shape of rough diamond in contact with it ensuring robust gripping of the rough diamond from multiple faces irrespective of its size and shape. In another embodiment of the present invention suction nozzle type gripper or gripper of any other type made up of metallic or nonmetallic material may also be used. As shown in FIG. 1, the pick and place robot-2 (5) is appropriately positioned with reference to the photography station

[0100] (4) and the colour station (6) and is having working envelop volume to ensure the performance of the intended task of transfer of the rough diamond from the photography station (4) to the colour station (6) mounted on the said system. As shown in FIG. 10-13, the pick and place robot-2 (5) is provided with a centering mechanism (35) after the suction pad type gripper (36). Using an iris in the form of adjustable and overlapping blades, the centering mechanism (35) centers the rough diamond on the colour station (6).

[0101] Once all data collected at the photography station (4) are recorded, the data collection and control system (11) gives a command to the pick and place robot-2

[0102] (5) to pick up the rough diamond from the central stage (24) of the photography station (4) and transfer it to the colour station (6). The colour station (6) takes colour readings using a high resolution RGB camera and or spectrometer or any other sensor base reading. The colour station is provided with a LED-based uniform light sources installed at the said colour station (6) and data collected by the spectrometer and images captured by the high resolution RGB camera are stored in the data collection and control system (11).

[0103] The pick and place robot-3 (7) is provided with a suction pad type gripper made up of silicon for picking up and transferring the rough diamond from the colour station (6) to the weighing station (8), and subsequently to the outlet system (9). The suction pad type gripper made up of silicon adapt to the shape of rough diamond in contact with it ensuring robust gripping of the rough diamond from multiple faces irrespective of its size and shape. In another embodiment of the present invention suction nozzle type gripper or gripper of any other type made up of metallic or nonmetallic material may also be used. As shown in FIG. 1, the pick and place robot-3 (7) is appropriately positioned with reference to the colour station (6), the weighing station (8) and the outlet system (9) and is having working envelop volume to ensure the performance of the intended task of transfer of the rough diamond from the colour station (6) to the weighing station (8), and subsequently to the outlet system (9) mounted on the said system.

[0104] After completion of the task at the colour station (6), the pick and place robot-3 (7) picks up the rough diamond from the colour station (6) and transfers and places it to the weighing station (8). At weighing station (8), weight of the rough diamond is measured automatically using a weight scale (not shown separately on any FIG.). Weight is an important factor for the diamond. Hence, to ensure accuracy of its measurement, auto tarring (i.e. automatically setting the displayed weight to zero) of the weight scale is performed before measuring weight of each of the rough diamond. Weight measurement accuracy at this station is of the order of ± 0.0002 gram. The weighing station (8) is consisting of the weight scale and a mounting and isolation platform. The weight scale is mounted on the said system using the mounting and isolation platform. The mounting and isolation platform is made up of polymer matrix composites or metal polymer laminates damping material. Mounting of the weight scale on the said system using the mounting and isolation platform eliminates effect of vibration and noise parameters on weight measurement of the rough diamond. The electrostatic gun is used to impart a uniform and controlled charge (typically negative) to each rough diamond taken to the weighing station (8). Surfaces of the weighing station (8) interacting with the rough diamonds are grounded to neutralize static charge. All three robots i.e. the pick and place robot- 1 (3), a pick and place robot-2 (5), and a pick and place robot-3 (7) are configured to be controlled using the data collection and control system (11) such that it prevents collision of these robots (3, 5, 7) with each other and with other parts of the system while they are in operation. For the purpose, each functioning of the system including robots (3, 5, 7) is controlled using close loop control system ensure system reliability and accuracy. Further, all the three pick and place robots (3, 5, 7) are mounted on the system using vibration damping arrangement to prevent transfer of vibration resulting from these robots operation to the other parts of the system improving accuracy of measurements and quality of photograph and video capturing at various stations of the system.

[0105] In another embodiment of the present invention, instead of three different pick and place robots (3, 5, 7), only one or two pick and place robots may be used. In another embodiment of the present invention, a combination of robotics system and / or conveyor base system can be used. The system with described pick and place robots (3, 5, 7) not in any way limit scope of the system as per present invention. The sequence of performance of various measurement and number of measurements performed in a prescribed time can be altered and depending on requirements. The system can be configured to perform all or any partial measurements as describe.

[0106] The system can be configured to performed different tasks. The system is provided with a feature of automatic packet creation for each diamond. For automatic packet creation for each diamond, the system captures all the data of the rough diamond i.e. 360 degree photography / videography, colour, fluorescence, weight, stress, 3D model and fingerprint as described above. The captured data is stored in the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system of the data collection and control system (11). The barcode printing function is triggered by the data collection and control system (11) for the barcode printing of the register data. The barcode printer (10) prints a barcode sticker containing the unique identification (ID) number and measured data of the rough diamond, linked to ERP records for each packet. At an output dispenser (37) of the outlet system (9) (shown in FIG. 1), the rough diamonds are dispensed simultaneously along with its barcode sticker printing as shown in FIG. 14. The rough diamond from the weighing station (8) is dispense to the output dispenser (37) using the pick and place robot-3 (7) operated automatically on receipt of command from the data collection and control system (11).

[0107] Another function of the present invention is an assortment, depending on the user- selected parameters which can be individual and / or a combination of parameters (i.e. weight, fluorescence, stress, shape, colour, purity, etc.) the rough diamonds are assorted and picked up and placed by the pick and place robot-3 (7) in different sorting bins (38) of the outlet system (9) as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 15 as per execution of command from the data collection and control system (11). Different sorting bins (38) can be aligned with an intermediate output dispenser (39) using a drive mechanism (40). After aligning the particular sorting bin (38) with the intermediate output dispenser (39), rough diamonds sorted in that sorting bin (38) are dispense into the intermediate output dispenser (39) by operating a valve provided at a bottom of the sorting bin (38). The rough diamonds dispense to the intermediate output dispenser (39) and channelized to transfer by gravity to the output dispenser (37) that is further packaged manually or automatically. Simultaneously, the barcode printer prints the sticker for the sorted rough diamond lot received from the particular sorting bin (38). The printed barcode sticker for the particular packaged lot is stick to it manually or automatically. Similarly, packaging of the rough diamonds shorted in the different sorting bins (38) is performed one by one. The data collection and control system (11) maintains the record of the packaged lots.

[0108] Another function performed by the system is matching. Using the system, it can be verified that the particular rough diamond matches with or belongs to the individual rough diamond or the batch of rough diamond earlier scanned and data stored at the local and / or central database or not. The system is provided with a locking bin (41) as shown in FIG. 1 for separately locking the rough diamonds that are not matched with data base records. Only matched rough diamonds are allowed to dispense directly from the output dispenser (37) or via an intermediate output dispenser (39). While performing matching or authentication of the particular rough diamond, after performing measurement at various stations (4, 6, 8) the data is communicated to the data collection and control system (11) and the rough diamond is temporarily dispense to one of the sorting bin (38). The data collection and control system (11) matches the measured data of the particular rough diamond with the stored data. As for matching and authentication of the rough diamond, comparison is made with large number of data set it is time consuming process. During the time while the data collection and control system (11) is performing this task, the said rough diamond for which matching or authentication is in process is stored temporarily in one of the sorting bin (38). Intermediate storage of the diamonds into the set of sorting bins (38) while performing matching and authentication reduces overall time of matching and authentication for a batch of diamonds. Simultaneously, another rough diamond is presented to the system for the measurements and matching or authentication. On completion of measurements at various stations (4, 6, 8), measurement data are communicated to the data collection and control system (11) and another diamond is stored in the sorting bin (38) other than in which first rough diamond is stored. In this way, one by one rough diamonds are presented to the system for matching and authentication and stored in the different sorting bins (38). On completion of the matching or authentication, the data collection and control system (11) give command to dispense the rough diamond stored in the respective sorting bin (38) either to the output dispenser (37) or to the locking bin (41) one by one on the basis of results of matching or authentication as expeditiously as possible. If the rough diamond passes the test of matching or authentication based on stored data base it is dispensed to the output dispenser (37) and if it fails the matching or authentication based on stored data base, it is dispensed to the locking bin (41). The locking bin locks the unauthenticated rough diamonds for further investigation by the authorized person. Same set of bins (38) are used as sorting bins as well as for temporary storage of the rough diamond presented to the system for matching and authentication. Sorting and matching or authentication can be performed simultaneously using different set of bins for collection of sorted diamonds and temporary storage of the rough diamonds presented for matching or authentication.

[0109] Fingerprint matching is done based on the data collected. Further, the system can be integrated with an auto-packeting mechanism where single rough diamond or a batch of the rough diamonds at the output is put automatically in the packet and folded up. The system can be further connected to cloud. Any other data collection station can be included to make the rough diamond data collection process more accurate and speedy without any human need. For measurement of colour and fluorescence, standard data in the form of photographs and video stored in the data collection and control system (11) dedicated the said system or to any cloud platform is used. Photographs and video captured for the rough diamond under consideration are matched with the standard reference trained stored data in the data collection and control system (11).

[0110] Best Method of Performing the Invention

[0111] Implementation of the system and method for auto diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication and sorting as per present invention is discussed with the help of following examples.

[0112] Example 1

[0113] This example 1 describes use of the present system and method for equal valuation based splitting of rough Diamond lot.

[0114] A tender house receives a lot of 500 rough diamonds. Using the disclosed system, each diamond is scanned for parameters including weight, color, shape, stress, fluorescence, and internal features. The system then automatically evaluates and assigns a value score to each diamond based on these measured parameters. The data collection and control system groups the 500 diamonds into five equal sublots of 100 diamonds each, ensuring that the total valuation of each sub-lot is approximately equal. This enables equitable distribution of diamond lots for transparent bidding in an electronic tendering process. A summary report is generated showing statistical parameters like total weight, average valuation, range of color and fluorescence, and stress distribution across each sub-lot, which is shared digitally with tender participants.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] This example 2 describes use of the present system and method for traceability from rough to Rough at Source.

[0117] At a mining site or a tender house, uncut rough diamonds are first scanned using the system before any physical sorting or valuation. Each diamond is assigned a unique fingerprint ID generated from its 3D surface model, curves, and internal impurities captured by a multi-angle single camera system. Additional metadata such as source name, mine code, country of origin, month of extraction, and site number is embedded into the diamond’s digital profile and stored securely in the data collection and control system as well as optionally on a blockchain platform. This fingerprinted record can be verified at any downstream point whether at a manufacturer, a third-party scanning center, or a tender house enabling “rough-to- rough” traceability.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] This example 2 describes use of the present system and method for authentication of the rough diamond before polishing.

[0120] A manufacturer receives a parcel of rough diamonds that were scanned at a certified tender house. Before polishing, the manufacturer re-scans the diamonds using the said system. Each diamond’s fingerprint is re-captured and compared to the previously stored fingerprints (via local or cloud database). Diamonds that match are authenticated and processed further. Diamonds that fail fingerprint authentication are redirected to a locking bin for manual verification. This ensures transparency in the polishing pipeline and eliminates unauthorized mixing or substitution.

[0121] Example 4 This example 4 describes use of the present system and method for creating blockchain enabled digital ledger.

[0122] To enhance trust and immutability in high-value diamond trading, the scanned and fingerprinted data for each rough diamond is also written onto a blockchain-based traceability platform. These data includes; fingerprint ID, 3D model, scanned photos / videos, origin metadata (mine, country, month etc.), tendering data (site, valuation lot etc.) and transaction history. At each node in the value chain starting from tendering to manufacturing to retail, the fingerprint can be re-scanned and validated against the blockchain record, ensuring end-to-end digital provenance.

Claims

We Claim:(1) A system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting, characterized in that the said system comprising:• a diamond feeder mechanism (1) for accepting and feeding the diaomonds;• a diamond separator (2) arranged adjacent to and configured to receive diamonds from the diamond feeder mechanism (2) for separating the diamonds to facilitate its pickup;• a photography station (4) arranged in a vicinity of and configured to receive the diamonds one by one from the diamond separator (2) by operating a pick and place robot-1 (3) for capturing 360° photographs and videos , 3D Model along with the internal impurities, colour , fluorescence and purity of the diamonds;• a color station (6) arranged in a vicinity of and configured to receive the diamonds one by one from the photography station (4) by operating a pick and place robot-2 (5) for measuring color and fluorescence characteristics of the diamond of the diamonds;• a weighing station (8) arranged in a vicinity of and configured to receive the diamonds one by one from the color station (6) by operating a pick and place robot-3 (7) for weight measurement of the diamonds;• an outlet system (9) arranged in the vicinity of and configured to receive the diamonds one by one from the weighing station (8) for single diamond packeting and / or batch diamond packeting, batch sorting of diamonds, matching and authentication of the diamonds and locking of the unauthenticated diamond;• a barcode printer (10) for printing of barcode for each individual diamond or a batch of diamond based on measured parameters at various stations;• a data collection and control system (11) in electrical and electronic communication with the diamond feeder mechanism (1), the diamond separator (2), the pick and place robots (3, 5, 7), the photography station (4),the color station (6), the weighing station (8), the outlet system (9) and the barcode printer (10); and• a power supply unit (42) for powering the diamond feeder mechanism (1), the diamond separator (2), various stations (4, 6, 8), robots (3, 5, 7), the data collection and control system (11) and the barcode printer (10);Wherein,• the diamond feeder mechanism (1) is configured to accept and feed the diamonds of varying sizes one-by-one in a size-invariant manner using the controlled amplitude and frequency of its vibration and isolating transfer of vibration to other parts of the system,• a separator configured to separate and isolate individual diamonds using a rotatable platform and an imaging system,• the diamond separator (2) is configured to position diamonds on its face with maximum surface area and separate individual diamonds from the batch of diamonds fed to it by the diamond feeder mechanism (1) using a rotatable separator platform (19),• a camera (18) of the diamond separator (2) capture photographs of the rotatable separator platform (19) with diamonds positioned on it and communicate it with the data collection and control system (11), and based on analysis of linear distances of each diamonds from its surrounding diamonds, the data collection and control system (11) select one diamond for pickup based on maximum linear distance and communicates its coordinates with the pick and place robot- 1 (3),• one or more pick and place robots (3, 5, 7) are equipped with silicon suction pad grippers or other suitable grippers, each configured to transfer diamonds between functional stations including a photography station (4), a color station (6), a weighing station (8), and an outlet system (9), and mounted on vibration damping arrangements,• the photography station (4) is provided with a rotatable central stage (24) with a suction based holding arrangement for the diamond placedon it, a multi-camera system (28) with autofocus and auto-crop features for 360° photography / videography and 3D model generation , a LED-based uniform light, fluorescence lamp (31) and a photography chamber (29) with heat exchanger (30) for maintaining stable lighting and environmental conditions, the pick and place robot-2 (5) is provided with a centering mechanism (35) after the suction pad type gripper (36) for centring the rough diamond on the color station (6), the color station (6) is provided with a spectrometer, high-resolution RGB camera, LED-based uniform light and fluorescent light sources configured to measure color and fluorescence characteristics of the diamond, the weighing station (8) includes a precision weight scale mounted on an isolation platform made of damping materials, configured to auto- tare before each measurement, and measure weight with an accuracy of ±0.0002 gram, the outlet system (9) includes a set of sorting bins (38) along with a drive mechanism (40), an intermediate output dispenser (39), a final output dispenser (37) and a locking bin (41), the data collection and control system (11) is configured: to analyse images from the camera (18) for coordinate identification of the isolated diamond for pick up by the pick and place robot- 1 (3), for the diamond feeding control by intermittently operating a vibrator (16) based on real-time analysis of the number of diamonds present on the separator platform (19) using the photographs captured by the camera (18), to control and coordinate the movements of the pick and place robots (3, 5, 7) to prevent collision and ensure sequencing, to acquire, store, and process measurement data including image / video, 3D models, color, fluorescence, and weightincluding triggering the barcode printer (10) for printing of the barcode sticker containing a unique ID and all measured parameters for packet of single diamond or batch of diamonds, to perform fingerprint generation and matching using a local and / or cloud-stored database, to initiate auto-sorting of diamonds into the set of sorting bins (38) based on user-defined single or combined parameters, for intermediate storage of the diamonds into the set of sorting bins (38) while performing matching and authentication for reducing overall time of matching and authentication for a batch of diamonds, for separately locking the rough diamonds into the locking bin (41) that are not matched with data base records, for dispensing of the matched and authenticated rough diamonds directly from the output dispenser (37) or via an intermediate output dispenser (39), to enable packet creation with barcode sticker generation linked to ERP system, to activate static control features including electrostatic guns and grounded / anti-static surfaces, to reject improperly placed diamond from the photography station (4) into the output dispenser (37) and recycle them automatically to the diamond feeder mechanism (1), to perform real-time coordination of all components via a closed-loop system, to assign a valuation score to each scanned diamond based on measured parameters including but not limited to weight, color, shape, stress, and fluorescence, to split a batch of scanned diamonds into multiple sub-lots of approximately equal total valuation for the purpose of equal distribution and transparent electronic tendering,to generate a summary report for each lot or sub-lot of scanned diamonds, the report including statistical metrics such as average weight, valuation distribution, color range, and fluorescence levels, the report being exportable for e-tender documentation, to verify the fingerprint of a diamond at one or more downstream checkpoints selected from manufacturer, common scanning center, or tender house prior to polishing or resale, to enables rough-to-rough traceability by comparing current scan data of a diamond with historical scan data stored in a local or central database to confirm continuity and authenticity, and to generate and store a digital chain of custody for each diamond including all scan, transaction, and verification events from source to final output.(2) The system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting as claim in claim 1, wherein the electrostatic gun is used at one or more stations to impart uniform charge to each diamond, and surfaces in contact with the diamond are grounded or treated with antistatic coatings to prevent sticking and clumping.(3) The system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting as claim in claim 1, wherein the diamond at the photography station (4) is automatically rejected if any portion of the contour defining the said diamond boundary falls outside the boundary of the central stage (24).(4) The system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting as claim in claim 1, wherein the centring mechanism (35) is an iris-type.(5) The system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting as claim in claim 1, wherein the outlet system (9) is configured to perform automatic packet creation for each individual diamond, including printing and application of the barcode sticker.(6) The system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting as claim in claim 1, wherein the authentication and matching function is performed by comparing newly captured fingerprint data with stored reference data, and diamonds failing authentication are routed to the locking bin (41) for restricted access and further investigation.(7) The system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting as claim in claim 1, wherein the sorting function is based on individual or combined parameters selected from: weight, color, fluorescence, shape, stress, and purity, and includes robotic transfer of sorted diamonds to corresponding sorting bins (38).(8) The system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting as claim in claim 1, wherein the same set of bins (38) are used alternately for both intermediate storage of the diamonds while performing matching and authentication and, parameter-based sorting, depending on the mode of operation.(9) The system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting as claim in claim 1, wherein the data collection and control system (11) is connected to an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system and optionally to a cloud-based database for secure storage, tracking, and remote access of all measured and authenticated diamond data.(10) The system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting as claim in claim 1, wherein a unique fingerprint of each diamond comprises a three-dimensional model including surface curvature, structural features, and internal impurities captured using a single or multiple camera system at the source location including mine, tender house, or any authorized scanning center, and is associated with metadata comprising source name, origin country, month, and site number.(11) The system for automatic diamond data measurement, fingerprint authentication, and sorting as claim in claim 1, wherein the fingerprint and associated scan data of each diamond are optionally recorded on ablockchain platform to ensure immutable traceability and secure transaction history.

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