Skeleton for wooden building

Abstract

In this skeleton for a wooden building constructed by combining wooden columns, beams, and braces, at least two members selected from among the columns, the beams, and the braces are joined by using metallic joint hardware. A heat absorber is provided in a recess formed in at least one of the at least two members so as to surround a portion of the joint hardware at the joint location where the at least two members are joined. Mortar having a volumetric specific heat of approximately 2300 [kJ / m3⋅K] can be used as the heat absorber.

Description

Wooden building framework

[0001] The present invention relates to the framework of a wooden building.

[0002] The framework of a wooden building is constructed by appropriately combining at least wooden columns and beams that support long-term loads such as the building's own weight, and wooden braces that support short-term loads such as earthquakes and wind. As described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2011-256553 (Patent Document 1), metal joints made of thin steel plates in a planar view are used to connect the braces to the columns and beams.

[0003] JP 2011-256553 A

[0004] In the framework of a wooden building, braces are components that support short-term loads such as earthquakes and wind. Therefore, even if they are charred (burned) during a fire, there is no risk of collapse unless the columns and beams that support long-term loads such as the building's own weight are also charred. However, if metal joints such as those described in Patent Document 1 are used, combustion heat may be transferred from the charred braces to the columns and beams during a fire, causing the temperatures of the columns and beams to exceed the charring temperature (ignition temperature) of wood. If the temperatures of the columns and beams exceed the charring temperature of wood, the columns and beams may begin to char, reducing the structural strength of the framework that supports the building's own weight. As a result, the wooden building may collapse in a short period of time. In large-scale wooden buildings, for example, the braces may be exposed for design reasons, exposing the above-mentioned problems. Furthermore, the above problem is not limited to joints between columns or beams and braces, but also occurs at joints that join at least two members selected from columns, beams, and braces, such as joints between columns and beams, joints between columns and beams, and joints between beams and beams.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a framework for a wooden building that can reduce the rate of transmission of combustion heat transmitted through metal joints at joints where at least two wooden members that make up the framework of a wooden building are joined by metal joints.

[0006] The framework of a wooden building is constructed by combining wooden columns, beams, and braces, and at least two members selected from the columns, beams, and braces are joined using metal joints. At the joint where the at least two members are joined, a heat absorber is provided in a recess formed in at least one of the at least two members so as to surround a part of the joint.

[0007] According to the present invention, the rate of transfer of combustion heat between at least two wooden members joined by metal joints in the framework of a wooden building can be reduced.

[0008] 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a framework for a wooden building. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a first connecting metal. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the first connecting metal. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a second connecting metal. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a third connecting metal. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a fourth connecting metal. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the fourth connecting metal. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a column according to the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of a column according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a counterbore formed in a column. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a column according to the third embodiment. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing another example of a counterbore formed in a column. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of a beam / bracing according to the first embodiment. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example of a beam / bracing according to the second embodiment. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a column-beam joint structure using the first connecting metal. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a column-beam joint structure using the first connecting metal. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a column-beam joint structure using the first connecting metal. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a column-beam joint structure using the second connecting metal.

[0009] Hereinafter, an embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows an example of a framework 120 of a large-scale wooden building (hereinafter abbreviated as "wooden building") 100 constructed using a wooden frame construction method to which this embodiment can be applied. It should be noted that the wooden building 100 described below is merely an example for explaining this embodiment, and should not be construed as being limited to its configuration.

[0010] The framework 120 of the wooden building 100 is constructed by appropriately combining a plurality of wooden columns 140 whose material axes extend vertically, a plurality of wooden beams 160 whose material axes extend horizontally, and a plurality of wooden diagonal braces 180 whose material axes extend diagonally. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , a pair of diagonal braces 180 are provided in a rectangular opening formed by a pair of columns 140 and a pair of beams 160, extending diagonally upward and downward from the middle of one of the columns 140. However, the diagonal braces 180 are not limited to this configuration, and may have any well-known configuration that can be used as the framework of the wooden building 100, such as a configuration that connects opposing corners of a rectangular opening, or a configuration that extends diagonally to the left and right from the middle of one of the beams 160.

[0011] At least two members selected from the columns 140, beams 160 and braces 180 can be joined to each other using any of the first metal connector 200, second metal connector 220, third metal connector 240 and fourth metal connector 260, which will be described in detail below.

[0012] <First metal joint 200> FIG. 2 shows an example of a first metal joint 200 suitable for joining a column 140 and a beam 160.

[0013] The first joint metal 200 is made of a thin steel plate rectangular in plan view so that it can fit into vertically extending slits formed in the column 140 and the beam 160 at the joint between the column 140 and the beam 160. Insertion holes 200A, through which the shanks of the drift pins can be inserted, are formed at the four corners of the plate surface of the first joint metal 200. The number and location of the insertion holes 200A of the first joint metal 200 are not limited to four at the four corners of the plate surface. The number and location of the insertion holes 200A can be changed as appropriate, taking into account the size and required structural strength of the column 140 and beam 160 to be joined. Furthermore, the rectangular shape does not necessarily have to be a perfect rectangle with four corners at 90° angles; it can simply be a shape that is recognizable as a rectangle at a glance (the same applies below to shapes). Therefore, the four corners may be arc-shaped or chamfered.

[0014] 3, the first metal joint 200 may be integrated with a pair of contact members 200B made of thin steel plates having a rectangular shape in plan view, which intersect perpendicularly at the longitudinal center of the plate surface and can fully contact either the column 140 or the beam 160. In this way, the contact members 200B of the first metal joint 200 fully contact either the column 140 or the beam 160, thereby improving the fixing strength of the first metal joint 200 to that member.

[0015] <Second metal joint 220> FIG. 4 shows an example of a second metal joint 220 suitable for joining a column 140 and a beam 160. As shown in FIG.

[0016] The second connecting metal member 220 has a base member 222 that is fixed to one of the column 140 and the beam 160 while making full contact with it, and a connecting member 224 that extends perpendicularly from the plate surface of the base member 222 spaced from one of the column 140 and the beam 160 and can fit into a slit formed in the other of the column 140 and the beam 160. The base member 222 is made of a thin steel plate that is rectangular in plan view, and bolt insertion holes 222A, through which the shanks of bolts can be inserted, are formed in the four corners of the plate surface. The number of insertion holes 222A in the base member 222 is not limited to four formed in the four corners of the plate surface, and the number and positions of the holes can be changed as appropriate, taking into account, for example, the size of the column 140 and the beam 160 to be joined, the required structural strength, etc. The joining member 224 is made of a thin steel plate having a rectangular shape in a plan view, and is fixed by welding or the like to the plate surface of the base member 222 spaced apart from the column 140 and the beam 160 so as to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the base member 222. Two insertion holes 224A, each of which allows the shaft of a drift pin to be inserted, are formed side by side in the vertical direction at the tip of the joining member 224. The number of insertion holes 224A of the joining member 224 is not limited to the two formed side by side at the tip of the joining member 224, and the number and positions of the holes can be changed as appropriate, taking into account, for example, the size of the column 140 and beam 160 to be joined, the required structural strength, and the like.

[0017] <Third metal joint 240> FIG. 5 shows an example of a third metal joint 240 suitable for joining a column 140 and a beam 160. As shown in FIG.

[0018] The third connecting metal fitting 240 is made of a deformed steel bar or the like that functions as a glue-in rod (GIR), and is fixed with a resin adhesive or the like with both ends inserted into the rod holes formed at the joints of the column 140 and the beam 160.

[0019] <Fourth metal joint 260> FIG. 6 shows an example of a fourth metal joint 260 suitable for joining a column 140 or a beam 160 to two braces 180.

[0020] The fourth metal joint 260 includes a base member 262 made of a rectangular thin steel plate in a plan view and two connecting members 264 made of rectangular thin steel plate in a plan view. The base member 262 is configured to fit into a slit formed along the material axis of the column 140 or beam 160 at the joint between the column 140 or beam 160 and two diagonal braces 180, and two insertion holes 262A are formed along the longitudinal direction of the plate surface, respectively, through which the shanks of drift pins can be inserted. The two connecting members 264 are diagonally connected so that their tips are spaced apart from the end of the base member 262 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plate surface, and are configured to fit into slits formed in the ends of the two diagonal braces 180. Two insertion holes 264A are formed along the longitudinal direction of the plate surface of each connecting member 264, through which the shanks of drift pins can be inserted. Here, the insertion holes 262A of the base member 262 and the insertion holes 264A of the joining member 264 are not limited to the configuration shown in the figure, and their number and formation position can be changed appropriately, taking into account, for example, the size of the columns 140 or beams 160 and diagonal braces 180 to be joined, the required structural strength, etc.

[0021] In addition, when joining one brace 180 to a column 140 or a beam 160, the fourth joining metal fitting 260 may have one joining member 264 extending diagonally from the end of the base member 262 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plate surface, as shown in Figure 7.

[0022] The first to fourth metal joints 200 to 260 are not limited to the above configurations, but can be modified as appropriate to, for example, a shape suitable for the joining point of two members, a shape that takes manufacturability into consideration, etc. Furthermore, the first to third metal joints 200 to 240 are not limited to joining a column 140 to a beam 160, but can also be used to join two columns 140, two beams 160, or a column 140 or beam 160 to a diagonal brace 180, etc.

[0023] The columns 140, beams 160 and braces 180, which are joined to each other using the first metal joint 200 to the fourth metal joint 260, are processed as follows, for example, in a factory, before constructing the frame 120 of the wooden building 100.

[0024] <Column 140 > FIG. 8 shows an example of the column 140 according to the first embodiment that can be used when joining the column 140 and the beam 160 with the first metal joint 200 .

[0025] A rectangular recess 140A is formed on one surface of the column 140 that constitutes its cross section, at the joint where the column 140 is joined to the beam 160. The bottom of the recess 140A is flat and parallel to the surface of the column 140. A slit 140B is formed in the center of the short side of the bottom of the recess 140A, extending in the axial direction of the column 140, into which the plate surface of the first metal joint 200 can be fitted. The depth of the slit 140B can be, for example, approximately half the longitudinal length of the first metal joint 200. The recess 140A is not limited to a rectangular shape in plan view, and may also be a rounded rectangle with arc-shaped corners, a circle, an ellipse, an oval, or other shape. The member designated by the symbol CM in FIG. 8 is a covering material, the details of which will be described later (the same applies below).

[0026] 9 shows an example of a column 140 according to the second embodiment that can be used when joining a column 140 and a beam 160 with a second metal joint 220. Note that the same components as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted (the same applies hereinafter). Please refer to the previous description if necessary.

[0027] A recess 140A having a rectangular shape in plan view is formed on one surface constituting the cross section of the column 140 at the joint where the column 140 is joined to the beam 160. The bottom surface of the recess 140A is formed flat and parallel to one surface of the column 140. Then, bolt insertion holes 140C are formed on the bottom surface of the recess 140A at four locations corresponding to the four bolt insertion holes 222A formed in the base member 222 of the second joint metal member 220, respectively, through which the shanks of bolts for fixing the second joint metal member 220 to the column 140 can be inserted. Here, the four bolt insertion holes 140C penetrate from the bottom surface of the recess 140A to the other surface of the column 140 located on the opposite side.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 10 , a countersink 140D having a rectangular shape in plan view is formed on the other surface constituting the cross section of the pillar 140, where the tip opening of the bolt insertion hole 140C is exposed. The countersink 140D accommodates the head of a bolt or a nut threaded onto the head of the bolt. The bottom surface of the countersink 140D is formed flat and parallel to the other surface of the pillar 140. Here, the countersink 140D is not limited to a rectangular shape in plan view, but may also have a rounded rectangular shape with arc-shaped corners, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, an oval shape, or the like. Note that the pillar 140 is not limited to the countersink 140D that accommodates the heads of four bolts or four nuts together, and may have four countersinks 140E that individually accommodate the heads of four bolts or four nuts, as shown in FIG. 11 .

[0029] FIG. 12 shows an example of a column 140 according to the third embodiment that can be used when joining a column 140 and a beam 160 with a third metal joint 240 .

[0030] Four rod holes 140F are formed in one surface constituting the cross section of the column 140 at the joint where the column 140 is joined to the beam 160, into which the ends of the third joint metal 240 can be inserted to a predetermined depth. The inner diameter of the rod holes 140F can be determined, for example, taking into consideration the outer diameter of the third joint metal 240 and the properties of the adhesive filled between the rod holes 140F and the third joint metal 240 (the same applies below). Note that the number of rod holes 140F is not limited to four, and the number and positions of the rod holes 140F can be changed as appropriate, taking into consideration the size of the column 140 and beam 160, the required structural strength, etc.

[0031] <Beam 160 or diagonal brace 180> Figure 13 shows an example of the beam 160 or diagonal brace 180 of the first embodiment that can be used when joining the column 140 and the beam 160 or diagonal brace 180 using the first connecting metal 200, the second connecting metal 220, or the fourth connecting metal 260. Note that the end of the diagonal brace 180, which is the joint to the column 140, is not a plane perpendicular to the material axis as shown in Figure 13, but is an inclined surface inclined at a predetermined angle to the material axis, but for convenience of explanation, it is shown in the same way as the beam 160. Therefore, please note that the diagonal brace 180 is not exactly as shown in the figure (the same applies below).

[0032] At the end of the beam 160 or the brace 180 where it joins to the column 140, a slit 160A or 180A extending in the vertical direction is formed, into which the plate surface of the first connecting metal 200, the plate surface of the connecting member 224 of the second connecting metal 220, or the plate surface of the connecting member 264 of the fourth connecting metal 260 can fit. The depth of the slit 160A or 180A can be half the longitudinal dimension of the first connecting metal 200, the same as the longitudinal dimension of the connecting member 224 of the second connecting metal 220, or the same as the longitudinal dimension of the connecting member 264 of the fourth connecting metal 260.

[0033] Figure 14 shows an example of a beam 160 or a brace 180 according to the second embodiment that can be used when joining a column 140 and a beam 160 or a brace 180 using a third metal joint 240.

[0034] Four rod holes 160B or 180B are formed at the butt ends of the beam 160 or the diagonal brace 180 where they are joined to the column 140, into which the ends of the four third connecting metal pieces 240 can be inserted to a predetermined depth. Here, the number of rod holes 160B or 180B must be the same as the number of the third connecting metal pieces 240 that are inserted and fixed to the column 140 to be joined.

[0035] The columns 140 of the first to third embodiments, and the beams 160 or diagonal braces 180 of the first or second embodiment are joined by the first to fourth joint metals 200 to 260 as follows.

[0036] FIG. 15 shows an example of a joint structure in which the column 140 of the first embodiment and the beam 160 of the first embodiment are joined using the first metal joint 200 .

[0037] With one longitudinal end of the first metal joint 200 fitted into a slit 140B formed in the bottom surface of the recess 140A of the column 140, a drift pin DP is driven from the side of the column 140 towards the insertion hole 200A, and the first metal joint 200 is fixed to the column 140. In addition, the recess 140A of the column 140 is provided with a slit 140B having a volumetric specific heat of approximately 2300 [KJ / m] in order to reduce the transmission speed of combustion heat transmitted from the beam 160 to the column 140 via the first metal joint 200 in the event of a fire. ３ The recess 140A is filled with mortar MT, which is a material having a thickness of 1 / 2 mm. Therefore, the mortar MT is provided in the recess 140A so as to surround a portion of the first metal joint 200. Here, the mortar MT can be considered as an example of a heat absorber. Furthermore, the four side surfaces (including the surface of the mortar MT) constituting the cross section of the column 140 are fitted with a covering material CM, which includes a fire-retardant layer made of at least one layer of gypsum board that provides fire resistance to the column 140, and a substitute fire layer made of a wood material that covers the outermost surface of the gypsum board to improve appearance. The covering material CM is attached so as to avoid the first metal joint 200 that is fitted and fixed to the slit 140B of the column 140 (the same applies below).

[0038] The other longitudinal end of the first metal joint 200 protruding from the outermost surface of the covering material CM of the column 140 is fitted into a slit 160A formed in the end of the beam 160. A drift pin DP is driven into the insertion hole 200A from the side of the beam 160, securing the first metal joint 200 to the beam 160. The covering material CM, including at least one fire-retardant layer and one substitute fire layer, is attached to both side surfaces and the underside of the beam 160, forming the cross section. While the covering material CM is not provided on the top surface of the beam 160, this does not affect its fire resistance because the top surface is in direct contact with the fire-resistant ceiling surface. If the top surface of the beam 160 does not need to support a vertical load, the covering material CM may also be attached to the top surface of the beam 160 (same below).

[0039] In this joint structure, if the beam 160 carbonizes during a fire, the combustion heat is transferred to the column 140 via the metal first metal joint 200. Because the recess 140A of the column 140 is filled with mortar MT, the combustion heat is temporarily absorbed by the mortar MT during the process of transfer from the beam 160 to the column 140 via the first metal joint 200. This delays the temperature rise of the first metal joint 200 fitted into the slit 140B of the column 140, preventing the column 140 from carbonizing and causing the frame 120 of the wooden building 100 to collapse within a short time after the fire breaks out. In short, by reducing the rate of transfer of combustion heat via the first metal joint 200 during a fire, the fire resistance of the frame 120 of the wooden building 100 can be ensured.

[0040] 16 shows an example of a joint structure in which a column 140 of the first embodiment is joined to two beams 160 of the first embodiment using two first metal joints 200. In this joint structure, recesses 140A and slits 140B are formed on the bottom surfaces of both side surfaces of the column 140 facing in opposite directions at the joints with the beams 160.

[0041] With one longitudinal end of each of the first metal joints 200 fitted into a slit 140B formed in the bottom of a recess 140A on each side of the column 140, a drift pin DP is driven from the side of the column 140 toward the insertion hole 200A, thereby fixing the two first metal joints 200 to the column 140. Mortar MT is filled in each of the recesses 140A on each side of the column 140. Thus, as in the previous embodiment, the mortar MT is provided in the recess 140A so as to surround a portion of the first metal joints 200. Furthermore, a covering material CM including at least one fire-retardant layer and one substitute fire layer is attached to the four side surfaces constituting the cross section of the column 140.

[0042] Then, with the other longitudinal ends of the two first joint metals 200 protruding from the outermost surface of the covering material CM of the column 140 fitted into slits 160A formed in the end section of the beam 160, drift pins DP are driven into the insertion holes 200A from the side of the beam 160, thereby fixing the two first joint metals 200 to the beam 160. In addition, covering material CM including at least one fire-retardant layer and one substitute fire layer is attached to both side surfaces and the underside that make up the cross section of the beam 160.

[0043] Therefore, the first metal joint 200 can be used to join two beams 160 to one column 140. In this case, mortar MT is provided at the joint between the column 140 and the beam 160 so as to surround a portion of the first metal joint 200. As in the previous embodiment, this reduces the rate of combustion heat transfer via the first metal joint 200 in the event of a fire, thereby ensuring the fire resistance of the framework 120 of the wooden building 100. Note that three or four first metal joints 200 can also be used to join three or four beams 160 to one column 140.

[0044] The mortar MT may be filled not only in the recess 140A formed in the pillar 140, but also in the recess 160C formed in the end grain of the beam 160, as shown in Figure 17, or in both the recess 140A in the pillar 140 and the recess 160C in the beam 160.

[0045] FIG. 18 shows an example of a joint structure in which a column 140 of the second embodiment and a beam 160 of the first embodiment are joined using a second metal joint 220 .

[0046] With the base member 222 of the second connecting metal member 220 abutting against the bottom surface of the recess 140A of the column 140, the tips of four bolts BT are inserted into the bolt insertion holes 140C from the countersink 140D side of the column 140, and their tips protrude from the bolt insertion holes 222A of the base member 222. Fasteners FS including nuts and washers are threadedly engaged with the tips of the four bolts BT protruding from the base member 222. Furthermore, mortar MT is filled into the recess 140A of the column 140. Therefore, the mortar MT is provided in the recess 140A so as to surround a portion of the second connecting metal member 220. Furthermore, a covering material CM including at least one fire-retardant layer and one substitute fire layer is attached to the four side surfaces constituting the cross section of the column 140. Mortar MT may also be filled into the countersink 140D of the column 140. In addition, mortar MT may be filled between the base member 222 of the second connecting metal member 220 and the bottom surface of the recess 140A of the column 140.

[0047] Then, with the tip of the connecting member 224 of the second connecting metal 220 protruding from the outermost surface of the covering material CM of the column 140 fitted into the slit 160A formed in the end of the beam 160, a drift pin DP is driven from the side of the beam 160 toward the insertion hole 224A of the connecting member 224, thereby fixing the second connecting metal 220 to the beam 160. In addition, covering material CM including at least one fire-retardant layer and one substitute fire layer is attached to both side surfaces and the underside that make up the cross section of the beam 160.

[0048] In this joint structure, if the beam 160 carbonizes during a fire, the combustion heat is transferred to the column 140 via the metal second metal joint 220. Because the recess 140A of the column 140 is filled with mortar MT, the combustion heat is temporarily absorbed by the mortar MT during the process of transfer from the beam 160 to the column 140 via the second metal joint 220. This delays the temperature rise of the base member 222 of the second metal joint 220 housed in the recess 140A of the column 140 and the four bolts BT in contact with it, thereby preventing the column 140 from carbonizing and causing the frame 120 of the wooden building 100 to collapse within a short time after the fire breaks out. In short, by reducing the rate of transfer of combustion heat via the second metal joint 220 during a fire, the fire resistance of the frame 120 of the wooden building 100 can be ensured. In addition, multiple second metal joints 220 may be used to join multiple beams 160 to one column 140.

[0049] FIG. 19 shows an example of a joint structure in which a third metal joint 240 is used to join a column 140 of the third embodiment and a beam 160 of the second embodiment.

[0050] With one end of each of the four third metal joints 240 inserted to a predetermined depth into four rod holes 140F formed in the bottom surface of the recess 140A of the column 140, adhesive AH is filled between the outer circumferential surfaces of the third metal joints 240 and the inner circumferential surfaces of the rod holes 140F, thereby fixing the four third metal joints 240 to the column 140. Mortar MT is also filled into the recess 140A of the column 140. Thus, the mortar MT is provided in the recess 140A so as to surround a portion of the third metal joints 240. Furthermore, a covering material CM including at least one fire-retardant layer and one substitute fire layer is attached to the four side surfaces constituting the cross section of the column 140.

[0051] Then, with the other ends of the four third connecting metals 240 protruding from the outermost surface of the covering material CM of the column 140 inserted into the four rod holes 160B formed in the butt end of the beam 160, adhesive AH is filled between the outer peripheral surfaces of the third connecting metals 240 and the inner peripheral surfaces of the rod holes 160B, thereby fixing the third connecting metals 240 to the beam 160. In addition, covering material CM including at least one fire-retardant layer and one substitute fire layer is attached to both side surfaces and the underside that make up the cross section of the beam 160.

[0052] In this joint structure, if the beam 160 carbonizes during a fire, the combustion heat is transferred to the column 140 via the metal third metal joint 240. Because the recess 140A of the column 140 is filled with mortar MT, the combustion heat is temporarily absorbed by the mortar MT during the process of transfer from the beam 160 to the column 140 via the third metal joint 240. This delays the temperature rise of the third metal joint 240 inserted into the rod hole 140F of the column 140, preventing the column 140 from carbonizing and causing the frame 120 of the wooden building 100 to collapse within a short time after the start of a fire. In short, by reducing the rate of transfer of combustion heat through the third metal joint 240 during a fire, the fire resistance of the frame 120 of the wooden building 100 can be ensured. Note that multiple third metal joints 240 may be used to connect multiple beams 160 to a single column 140.

[0053] When using the fourth metal joint 260 to connect one or more braces 180 to one column 140 or beam 160, a similar connection structure to that using the first metal joint 200 can be used. Since most of the description is the same as the previous connection structure, it will be omitted to avoid duplication. Please refer to the previous description if necessary.

[0054] To summarize the above, at least a portion of the framework 120 of the wooden building 100, which is constructed by combining wooden columns 140, beams 160, and diagonal braces 180, is joined by metal joint members that join at least two members selected from the columns 140, beams 160, and diagonal braces 180. At the joints where the at least two members are joined using metal joint members, mortar MT, which functions as a heat absorber, is provided in a recess in at least one of the at least two members so as to surround a portion of the joint member. By optimizing the volume of the heat absorber in consideration of the required fire resistance of the framework 120 of the wooden building 100, the time until the framework 120 collapses can be adjusted, thereby ensuring evacuation time in the event of a fire.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that new embodiments can be created by omitting parts of the technical ideas of the various above-described embodiments, combining parts of the ideas appropriately, or replacing parts of the ideas with well-known technology.

[0056] For example, various materials having a volumetric specific heat equal to or greater than that of mortar MT may be used instead of mortar MT filled in recess 140A of column 140, recess 160C of beam 160, or recess of diagonal brace 180. Furthermore, the column 140, beam 160, and diagonal brace 180 are not limited to the joining structure described above, and may be joined using any of the first to fourth joining metal fittings 200 to 260.

[0057] DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100...Wooden building 120...Framework 140...Column 140A...Recess 140B...Slit 140D...Counterbore 140E...Counterbore 160...Beam 160A...Slit 160C...Recess 180...Brace 180A...Slit 200...First joint metal (joint metal) 220...Second joint metal (joint metal) 222...Base member 224...Joining member 240...Third joint metal (joint metal) 260...Fourth joint metal (joint metal) 262...Base member 264...Joining member CM...Covering material (gypsum board, fire-retardant layer, substitute fire layer) DP...Drift pin FS...Fastener MT...Mortar (heat absorber)

Claims

1. A wooden building framework constructed by combining wooden pillars, beams, and braces, comprising: a metal joint that joins at least two members selected from the pillars, beams, and braces; and a heat absorber provided in a recess formed in at least one of the at least two members at the joint where the metal joint is used to join the at least two members, so as to surround a portion of the metal joint.

2. The wooden building framework according to claim 1, wherein the heat absorber is mortar.

3. The wooden building framework according to claim 1, wherein at least one fire-retardant layer is disposed on the outer periphery of the at least two members joined using the metal joint.

4. The wooden building framework according to claim 3, wherein a wooden substitute fire layer is arranged on the outer periphery of the at least one fire-stopping layer.

5. The framework for a wooden building according to claim 3, wherein the fire-retardant layer is made of gypsum board.

6. The framework of a wooden building according to claim 1, wherein the connecting hardware is one of: a first connecting hardware made of steel plate having a rectangular shape in plan view and fitted into slits formed at the joints of the at least two members; a second connecting hardware made of steel plate having a rectangular shape in plan view and including a base member that is housed in a recess formed in one of the at least two members and a connecting member made of steel plate having a rectangular shape in plan view and fitted into a slit formed at the joints of the other of the at least two members; a third connecting hardware made of a glued-in rod; or a fourth connecting hardware including a base member made of steel plate having a rectangular shape in plan view and fitted into a slit formed at the joints of the columns or beams, and a connecting member made of steel plate having a rectangular shape in plan view and extending diagonally from an end of the base member in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and fitted into a slit formed at the end of the diagonal brace.

7. The wooden building frame according to claim 6, wherein the first metal connector is fixed to the at least two members by a drift pin.

8. A wooden building framework as described in claim 6, wherein the base member of the second connecting metal is fixed to the bottom surface of a recess formed in one of the at least two members with fasteners including bolts and nuts, and the connecting member of the second connecting metal is fixed to the other of the at least two members with drift pins.

9. A wooden building framework as described in claim 6, wherein, when the connecting hardware is the second connecting hardware, a countersunk groove for accommodating the bolt or nut of the fastener is formed on one side of the two members, the side opposite to the side on which the recess is formed.

10. A wooden building framework as described in claim 6, wherein the base member of the fourth connecting metal is fixed to the column or beam with a drift pin, and the connecting member of the fourth connecting metal is fixed to the brace with a drift pin.

11. The framework for a wooden building according to claim 1, wherein the recess has a rectangular shape in plan view, a rounded rectangular shape with four arc-shaped corners, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or an oval shape.

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