Vertical segmented melting furnace and solid waste treatment system comprising vertical segmented melting furnace

Abstract

Disclosed is a vertical segmented melting furnace, comprising a multi-section crucible, wherein the multi-section crucible has a vertical combined structure from top to bottom and is composed of a feeding section, a preheating section, a high-temperature section, and a melting pool section; the feeding section and the preheating section are each of a three-layer structure, wherein an inner layer is formed by piling up high-alumina bricks, a middle layer is piled by corundum mullite, and an outer layer is wrapped by an aluminum silicate fiber blanket; the high-temperature section is also of a three-layer structure, wherein an inner layer is formed by piling corundum bricks, a middle layer is formed by piling corundum mullite bricks, and an outer layer is formed by wrapping an aluminum silicate fiber blanket around the middle layer; and the molten pool section is of a four-layer structure, wherein an inner layer is formed by pouring a silicon carbide castable, a first intermediate layer is formed by piling high-alumina bricks, a second intermediate layer is formed by piling corundum mullite bricks, and the outermost layer is formed by wrapping an aluminum silicate fiber blanket around the second intermediate layer. Further disclosed in the present invention is a molten solid waste treatment system comprising the vertical segmented melting furnace. By means of the present invention, solid waste with high organic matter content can be treated by means of melting.

Description

Vertical sectional melting furnace and vertical sectional melting furnace solid waste treatment system TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a vertical sectional melting furnace and a vertical sectional melting furnace solid waste treatment system. BACKGROUND

[0002] There are two representative melting furnaces in the market at present: one is an oxygen-enriched side-blown melting furnace, an electric resistance furnace, an electric arc furnace, a plasma furnace, etc., which can receive a wide range of solid wastes, but the treatment process produces a large amount of flue gas, the tail gas treatment is complex, the energy consumption is high, and the maintenance cost is high. The other is an electromagnetic self-heating melting furnace, which has fast heating speed, good energy-saving effect and small flue gas volume, but when the electromagnetic heating is used to heat non-metallic materials, graphite crucible is needed as a heating carrier, which will be quickly consumed when contacting oxygen. The graphite crucible at high temperature must be in an oxygen-free condition, and the pyrolysis speed of materials with high organic matter content is extremely slow under the oxygen-free condition, so the melting treatment of solid wastes with high organic matter content cannot be realized. SUMMARY

[0003] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present application is to provide a vertical sectional melting furnace to solve the problems of high energy consumption and high environmental protection cost of the existing melting furnace, and to realize the melting treatment of solid wastes with high organic matter content.

[0004] The second technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a solid waste melting treatment system comprising the vertical sectional melting furnace.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the vertical sectional melting furnace of the first aspect of the present application comprises a steel shell and a plurality of section crucibles arranged in the steel shell, the plurality of section crucibles adopt a vertical combination structure from top to bottom, wherein the plurality of section crucibles are divided into a feeding section crucible, a preheating section crucible, a high-temperature section crucible and a molten pool section crucible from top to bottom, the feeding section crucible and the preheating section crucible are both three-layer structures, the inner layer is stacked with high alumina bricks, the middle layer is stacked with corundum mullite, and the outer layer is wrapped with aluminum silicate fiber blanket; the high-temperature section crucible is also a three-layer structure, the inner layer is stacked with corundum bricks, the middle layer is stacked with corundum mullite, and the outer layer is wrapped with aluminum silicate fiber blanket; the molten pool section crucible is a four-layer structure, the inner layer is formed by pouring silicon carbide castable, the first middle layer is stacked with high alumina bricks, the second middle layer is stacked with corundum mullite, and the outermost layer is wrapped with aluminum silicate fiber blanket, and the first middle layer is located between the inner layer and the second middle layer.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the feeding section crucible and the preheating section crucible are both cylindrical and have equal inner diameters; the high-temperature section crucible has a drum shape with large middle part and small ends, and the molten pool section crucible has a cylindrical shape with bottom; the inner diameter of the middle part of the high-temperature section crucible is larger than the inner diameters of the two ends of the high-temperature section crucible and the inner diameters of the feeding section crucible, the preheating section crucible and the molten pool section crucible, and the inner diameters of the two ends of the high-temperature section crucible are equal to the inner diameters of the feeding section crucible, the preheating section crucible and the molten pool section crucible.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the feeding section crucible is provided with a feeding channel, a smoke outlet, a first infrared temperature measuring port and a thermocouple temperature measuring port; the preheating section crucible is provided with a supplementary combustion burner mounting port and a second infrared temperature measuring port; the middle part of the high-temperature section crucible is provided with a slag retaining eave and an annular downward tangential air supply port located below the slag retaining eave; the molten pool section crucible is provided with a fire viewing mirror and a third infrared temperature measuring port near the high-temperature section crucible, and is provided with a emptying outlet and a slag outlet at the bottom, and the slag outlet is higher than the emptying outlet.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the feeding channel is provided with a feeding port and an explosion-proof door.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the emptying outlet and the slag outlet are provided with an inner layer composed of high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped bricks and isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipes, the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped bricks and the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipes are connected in a concave-convex combination, and the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped bricks and the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipes are both provided with inner holes for emptying and discharging slag, the inner hole of the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipe has a larger inner diameter than the inner hole of the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped brick, and the inner hole of the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped brick is inserted into the inner hole of the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipe.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the emptying outlet and the slag outlet are provided with a plugging mechanism.

[0011] The vertical sectional melting furnace of the present application adopts an upper-to-lower vertical combination structure through multiple section crucibles, different structures and materials of each section realize wide range of receiving solid waste, can melt and treat solid waste with high organic content, and realizes ultra-low operation cost through vertical combination of multiple section crucibles.

[0012] As a vertical sectional melting furnace solid waste treatment system of the second aspect of the present application, it comprises the above-mentioned vertical sectional melting furnace, and further comprises a supplementary combustion system, an oxygen production system, a secondary combustion system and a feeding system, the supplementary combustion system is connected with the supplementary combustion burner mounting port, the oxygen production system is connected with the annular downward tangential air supply port, the supplementary combustion system and the secondary combustion system, and supplies oxygen to the annular downward tangential air supply port, the supplementary combustion system and the secondary combustion system, the secondary combustion system is connected with the flue gas outlet, and the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet is subjected to secondary combustion, heat recovery and emission after treatment, the feeding system is connected with the feeding port, and feeding is performed.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the supplementary combustion system comprises a supplementary combustion burner arranged in the supplementary combustion burner mounting port, and the supplementary combustion burner is connected with hot air, compressed air, natural gas and the oxygen production system, wherein the compressed air plays a role of cooling protection for the burner.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the feeding system comprises a vibrating and weighing type stock bin, a screw meter, a vibrating conveying pipe, a dust collector and a supplementary feeding device, the top of the vibrating and weighing type stock bin is provided with a material inlet and a dust removal port, the bottom of the vibrating and weighing type stock bin is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port of the bottom of the vibrating and weighing type stock bin is connected with the feeding port of the screw meter, the discharge port of the screw meter is connected with the feeding port of the vibrating conveying pipe, the discharge port of the vibrating conveying pipe is connected with the feeding port on the feeding channel, the supplementary feeding device is connected with the vibrating conveying pipe, and the dust collector is arranged on the dust removal port.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the secondary combustion system comprises a secondary combustion chamber, a secondary burner, a waste heat boiler, an air preheater and a variable frequency blower, the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a flue gas inlet, a hot air inlet and a waste heat flue gas outlet, the flue gas inlet is connected with the flue gas outlet on the vertical sectional melting furnace, the secondary burner is arranged on the top of the secondary combustion chamber, the flue gas inlet is arranged on the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber and is lower than the secondary burner, the hot air inlet is arranged on the middle part of the secondary combustion chamber and is lower than the flue gas inlet, the hot air inlet and the secondary burner are connected with the hot air outlet of the air preheater, the waste heat flue gas outlet arranged on the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber is connected with the waste heat flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler, the waste heat flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with the waste heat flue gas inlet of the air preheater, the air inlet of the air preheater is connected with the variable frequency blower, the hot air outlet of the air preheater is in communication with the air inlet of the air preheater, and the flue gas outlet of the air preheater is connected with a flue gas treatment device.

[0016] The melting treatment process of the present application is as follows:

[0017] The rapping and weighing type material bin has the functions of anti-blocking rapping and weighing measurement, the spiral metering device, the vibration conveying pipe and the supplementary feeding device continuously and uniformly send the compatible material into the vertical high-temperature melting furnace according to the set quantity for melting, and the whole process is operated in a closed mode.

[0018] The vertical high-temperature melting furnace is sequentially divided into a feeding section crucible, a preheating section crucible, a high-temperature section crucible and a molten pool section crucible from top to bottom. The material firstly enters the feeding section crucible, is dried and pyrolyzed in the preheating section crucible, and then gradually shrinks in volume and moves downwards to the high-temperature section crucible. The material is at the highest temperature in the high-temperature section crucible, and is burnt, boiled, volatilized, softened, deformed, melted and flowed into the molten pool section crucible. In the molten pool section crucible, the material is reduced, layered and formed into a glassy substance. The bottom layer of the molten pool section crucible is high-density metal, and the top layer is low-density dross. The material stays in the molten pool section crucible for 60-300 minutes (optional). The molten pool section crucible is sequentially provided with two discharge openings from top to bottom, which are a dross discharge opening and a emptying opening. Each discharge opening is provided with a blocking mechanism, and can satisfy the requirement of opening and discharging dross at any time.

[0019] The whole reaction process of the present application is countercurrent type, the water and thermal decomposition products gasified in the preheating section crucible are discharged from the smoke discharge opening of the melting furnace crucible, and the material enters the high-temperature section crucible by passing through the preheating section crucible when feeding. The moisture absorbs the heat of the high-temperature flue gas and is gasified and taken away, and the energy-saving effect is good.

[0020] The present application is provided with a supplementary combustion system, which can effectively solve the problem of non-melting and difficult-to-melt furnace blocking caused by high melting point of the material and insufficient combustible part during the adjustment of the material ratio in the production process, and meet the requirement of continuous normal production.

[0021] The present application is provided with an air supply opening at the bottom of the high-temperature section crucible, and most of the organic matter in the material is burnt here. The material containing a large amount of organic matter can be treated, and energy is saved. The temperature here is the highest, and the molten flow of the material enters the molten pool section crucible. The material in the molten flow state can be regularly discharged into a movable ladle through the dross discharge opening or the emptying opening of the molten pool section crucible. The movable ladle is freely moved on the movable ladle track through a remote controller. The movable ladle track is provided with a dross receiving limiting positioning point at the positions of the dross discharge opening and the emptying opening, and the movable ladle can accurately reach the point.

[0022] The waste gas of the present application is directly discharged from the top of the vertical high-temperature melting furnace into the secondary combustion system, and the incompletely burnt organic components are burnt out here to avoid the formation of tar. The secondary combustion chamber is provided with a secondary combustor, which can realize ignition, temperature control and tar cleaning of the secondary combustion chamber. The flue gas after combustion enters the waste heat boiler for heat exchange, and then enters the air preheater. The air is heated by the high-temperature flue gas and used as air supply and supplementary combustion air for the vertical high-temperature melting furnace and the secondary combustion chamber. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled and sent into the waste gas purification system by an induced draft fan for standard discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG1 is a process principle diagram of the present invention.

[0024] FIG2 is a process control PID diagram of the present invention.

[0025] FIG3 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the vertical segmented melting furnace of the present invention.

[0026] FIG4 is a top plan view of the vertical segmented melting furnace of the present invention.

[0027] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide prefabricated special-shaped brick of the present invention.

[0028] FIG6 is a right side view of FIG5.

[0029] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the isostatically pressed silicon carbide prefabricated circular tube structure of the present invention.

[0030] FIG8 is a left side view of FIG7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Referring to Figures 3 and 4 , the vertical, segmented melting furnace 100 shown in the figures comprises a steel shell 110 and a multi-segment crucible disposed within the shell. The multi-segment crucible is assembled vertically from top to bottom and comprises a feed crucible 120, a preheating crucible 130, a high-temperature crucible 140, and a melt pool crucible 150. The preheating crucible 130 is located above the high-temperature crucible 140, and the high-temperature flue gas exhausted from the high-temperature section preheats the material before melting.

[0033] The feeding section crucible 120 and the preheating section crucible 130 are both cylindrical with equal inner diameters. Both the feeding section crucible 120 and the preheating section crucible 130 have a three-layer structure, with the inner layers 121 and 131 constructed of high-alumina bricks, the middle layers 122 and 132 constructed of corundum mullite, and the outer layers 123 and 133 wrapped in an aluminum silicate fiber blanket. The preheating section crucible 130 has a lower temperature and primarily comes into contact with flue gas. The inner layer 131 is constructed of high-alumina bricks, which offer strong corrosion resistance and a long service life. The middle layer 132 utilizes corundum mullite as an insulating brick, which provides sufficient support strength and excellent insulation. The outer layer 133 is wrapped in an aluminum silicate fiber blanket as insulation material, providing excellent insulation and heat preservation effects.

[0034] The high-temperature section crucible 140 has a drum-shaped structure with small ends and a large middle part, and is also a three-layer structure. The temperature of the high-temperature section crucible 140 is relatively high, and the material is in a solid or semi-solid state. The inner layer 141 is stacked with corundum bricks that are resistant to high temperature and corrosion. Corundum is used as a refractory material, and has a long service life. The middle layer 142 is stacked with corundum mullite, and the outer layer 143 is wrapped with aluminum silicate fiber blanket.

[0035] The melt pool section crucible 150 has a cylindrical structure with a bottom, and is a four-layer structure. The inner layer 151 is formed by pouring silicon carbide castable. The first middle layer 152 is stacked with high-alumina bricks. The second middle layer 153 is stacked with corundum mullite. The outermost layer 154 is wrapped with aluminum silicate fiber blanket. The first middle layer 152 is located between the inner layer 151 and the second middle layer 153. The melt pool section crucible 150 contains flowing molten liquid. The inner layer 151 is poured with silicon carbide castable, which has strong corrosion resistance and permeability resistance. In addition, the bottom of the melt pool section crucible 150 is designed with a circular arc chamfer around the circumference, which slows down the erosion of molten slag and prolongs the service life.

[0036] The inner diameter of the middle part of the high-temperature section crucible 140 is larger than the inner diameters of the two ends and the inner diameters of the feed section crucible 120, the preheating section crucible 130, and the melt pool section crucible 150. The inner diameters of the two ends of the high-temperature section crucible 140 are equal to the inner diameters of the feed section crucible 120, the preheating section crucible 130, and the melt pool section crucible 150.

[0037] The preheating section crucible 130 has a large volume and a certain depth, and the flue gas stays in it for a long time. Most of the combustible materials are burned in it. The top of the feed section crucible 120 is provided with a feed passage 124, a smoke outlet 125, a first infrared temperature measuring port 126, and a thermocouple temperature measuring port 127. The feed passage 124 is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel 310S, which is easy to process and install, and has a long service life. The feed passage 124 is provided with a feed port 124a and a explosion-proof door 124b.

[0038] The outlet of the feed passage 124 extends below the smoke outlet 125. The falling material recovers the heat of the flue gas while preventing the flue gas from carrying the material out. The top of the feed passage 124 extends beyond the top of the vertical sectional melting furnace, and has water cooling, air cooling, and natural cooling functions.

[0039] A B-type thermocouple is inserted into the thermocouple temperature measuring port 127. The B-type thermocouple is close to the smoke outlet 125, where the exhaust temperature of the preheating section crucible 120 can be accurately measured. The first infrared temperature measuring port 126 is located on the side away from the smoke outlet 125, where there is less flue gas, and the temperature in the preheating section crucible 120 can be measured.

[0040] Another downwardly inclined supplementary combustion burner mounting port 131 and a second infrared temperature measuring port 132 are arranged at the bottom of the preheating section crucible 130. The downwardly inclined second infrared temperature measuring port 132 can directly measure the temperature of the high-temperature section crucible 140 and the flame temperature of the supplementary combustion burner 210, so as to control the supplementary air amount of the annular downward tangential air supply port 145 and the supplementary combustion amount of the supplementary combustion burner 210.

[0041] The middle part of the high-temperature section crucible 140 is provided with a slag retaining eave 144 and an annular downward tangential air supply port 145, and the annular downward tangential air supply port 145 is arranged below the slag retaining eave 144.

[0042] The middle part of the high-temperature section crucible 140 has a larger diameter, which is much larger than the diameters of the preheating section crucible 130 and the molten pool section crucible 150. The material falling into the preheating section crucible 130 is not accumulated around the high-temperature section crucible 140. The material in the molten pool section crucible 150 also directly acts on the middle part of the high-temperature section crucible 140, so as to avoid blocking the annular downward tangential air supply port 145.

[0043] The annular downward tangential air supply port 145 is arranged around the high-temperature section crucible 140. The top of the annular downward tangential air supply port 145 is provided with the slag retaining eave 144, the inner diameter of the slag retaining eave 144 is larger than the inner diameter of the preheating section crucible 130, and the slag retaining eave 144 has a certain inclination angle. Even if the material falls into the slag retaining eave 144, it can directly slide into the high-temperature section crucible 140, and the slag retaining eave 144 does not accumulate material. The annular downward tangential air supply port 145 is protected, so as to avoid material accumulation and blockage of the annular downward tangential air supply port 145.

[0044] The mixed hot air and oxygen are blown downwardly and tangentially through the annular downward tangential air supply port 145 to form a rotational flow, which fully contacts with the combustible material in the material. The temperature is the highest at this position, and the metal oxides in the material are reduced to generate metal elements under the high temperature and in the presence of carbon or carbon monoxide. The oxygen-rich mixed hot air continues to react with the residual carbon boiling at the top of the molten pool section crucible 150, so as to maintain the high temperature of the molten material in the molten pool section crucible 150 and reduce the carbon content in the metal solution.

[0045] A related fire hole is arranged at the position close to the high-temperature section crucible 140 of the molten pool section crucible 150. The diameter of the fire hole is large, and the molten liquid boiling in the molten pool section crucible 150 and the material in the high-temperature section crucible 140 act on the middle part of the high-temperature section crucible 140, so as to avoid blocking the channel.

[0046] The observation mirror 155 and the third infrared temperature measuring hole 156 are arranged at the fire hole, the inside of the crucible 150 in the molten pool section can be observed through the observation mirror 155, and the temperature in the crucible 150 in the molten pool section can be measured to determine the best time for slagging. The observation mirror 155 is arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature section crucible 140, the observation mirror 155 passes through the furnace wall at a certain angle from high outside to low inside, and the inside of the crucible 150 in the molten pool section can be observed. The third infrared temperature measuring hole 156 is inserted with an infrared temperature measuring instrument, and the condition in the molten pool can be monitored at any time.

[0047] The emptying hole 157 and the slagging hole 158 are arranged at the bottom of the crucible 150 in the molten pool section, and the position of the slagging hole 158 is higher than that of the emptying hole 157.

[0048] As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the inner layer composed of high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped bricks 159a and isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipes 159b is arranged in the emptying hole 157 and the slagging hole 158, the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped bricks 159a and the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipes 159b are combined concave-convex and connected by inorganic high-temperature glue with high-temperature resistance of 1700 degrees Celsius, which is more stable. The inner holes 159aa, 159ba for emptying and slagging are arranged in the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped bricks 159a and the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipes 159b, the inner diameter of the inner hole 159ba of the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipe 159b is greater than that of the inner hole 159aa of the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped brick 159a, and the inner hole 159aa of the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped brick 159a is inserted into the inner hole 159ba of the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipe 159b.

[0049] The emptying hole 157 and the slagging hole 158 adopt high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped bricks 159a, which are easy to install and have long service life. The emptying pipe and the slagging pipe of the emptying hole 157 and the slagging hole 158 are easy to wear, so the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipe 159b is used as the emptying pipe and the slagging pipe, which is convenient for regular replacement and has long service life.

[0050] The isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipe 159b is wrapped outside by the aluminum silicate fiber blanket 159c rolled into a round pipe, the aluminum silicate fiber blanket round pipe 159c is supported outside by two half-circle fixed steel shells 159d, and is clamped and fixed by the fixed clamping hoop 159e.

[0051] The closing mechanism is arranged in the emptying hole 157 and the slagging hole 158. When there is recyclable metal in the material, the slagging hole 158 can periodically discharge dross, and the metal can be collected by being deposited in the emptying hole 157 for a period of time.

[0052] The vertical melting furnace is of a countercurrent design, high-temperature flue gas generated by materials in a high-temperature section is used to preheat newly incoming materials, and energy consumption required by thermal decomposition of the materials is effectively supplemented, waste is treated by waste, and energy-saving effect is good.

[0053] Referring to FIGS. 1-2, the vertical sectional melting furnace solid waste treatment system shown in the drawings comprises the vertical sectional melting furnace 100 described above, and further comprises a supplementary combustion system 200, an oxygen production system 300, a secondary combustion system 400 and a feeding system 500.

[0054] The feeding system 500 comprises a vibrating and weighing type bin 510, a screw meter 520, a vibrating conveying pipe 530, a dust collector 540 and a supplementary feeding device 550, the top of the vibrating and weighing type bin 510 is provided with a material inlet 511 and a dust removal port 512, the bottom of the vibrating and weighing type bin 510 is provided with a discharge port 513, the discharge port 513 at the bottom of the vibrating and weighing type bin 510 is connected with a feeding port 521 of the screw meter 520, a discharge port 522 of the screw meter 520 is connected with a feeding port 531 of the vibrating conveying pipe 530, a discharge port 532 of the vibrating conveying pipe 530 is connected with a feeding port 124a on the feeding channel 124, the supplementary feeding device 550 is connected with the vibrating conveying pipe 530, and the dust collector 540 is installed on the dust removal port 512.

[0055] Different calorific value materials are crushed by a crusher 570, mixed and matched by a mixer 580, and then granulated by a granulator 590 before being fed into the vertical sectional melting furnace for melting. The crusher 570 can receive blocky materials. Waste gas generated by the crusher 570, the mixer 580 and the granulator 590 is collected by a waste gas collection and dust removal device 590a.

[0056] The material inlet 511 is connected with an elevating conveyor through a flange, and the material granulated by the granulator 590 is poured into the vibrating and weighing type bin 510 through the material inlet 511 after being lifted by the elevating conveyor. Before starting feeding, the dust collector 540 is turned on to prevent waste gas from overflowing, and the dust collector 540 is provided with a timing reverse vibration to knock the dust intercepted by the dust collector 540 into the vibrating and weighing type bin 510 through vibration. The dust collector 540 is a bag dust collector.

[0057] The vibrating and weighing type bin 510 is provided with high and low material levels and displays alarm prompts. The vibrating and weighing type bin 510 is provided with a vibrating device at the opening to prevent material blockage. The bottom of the vibrating and weighing type bin 510 is provided with a weighing meter, which cooperates with the screw meter 520 to ensure continuous and uniform feeding at a target set amount.

[0058] Spiral metering device 520 adopts a spiral with a pitch distance and height greater than the particle size diameter of the material to be processed, avoiding blockage during feeding. Spiral metering device 520, through special spiral structure design, can continuously and stably feed dry powder and particles into vibration conveying pipe 530 and safely into the vertical smelting furnace. The top of the vibration feeder is provided with a supplementary feeding device, which can directly receive the changing ingredients into the vertical sectional smelting furnace. The vertical sectional smelting furnace is always under micro-negative pressure, and there is no waste gas leakage during feeding.

[0059] Supplementary combustion system 200 includes a supplementary combustion burner 210 arranged in the supplementary combustion burner mounting port 131. The supplementary combustion burner receives hot air, compressed air, natural gas and oxygen from oxygen production system 300. The flame temperature of supplementary combustion system 200 can be freely adjusted to melt the material in high-temperature section crucible 140 and preheating section crucible 130 at any time. The hot air from annular downward tangential air supply port 145 ignites the combustible in the material,

[0060] Oxygen production system 300 is provided, and oxygen-enriched hot air with adjustable temperature is used. The temperature here is the highest, and the material melts into the molten pool section crucible 150 under the action of high temperature. The high temperature can keep the molten liquid in molten pool section crucible 150 in a high-temperature melting state at all times. The molten pool section crucible 150 is in a molten slurry boiling state, continuously mixes and exchanges heat with the material in high-temperature section crucible 140, and promotes the accelerated melting of the material in high-temperature section crucible 140.

[0061] Supplementary combustion system 200 is arranged at the top of high-temperature section crucible 140, uses hot air mixed with natural gas for ignition, and the flame injection port is inclined downward for injection. High temperature can ignite the material for a short time, the material in the high-temperature section starts to melt, and the temperature of the material in molten pool section crucible 150 is increased. When the temperature of the upper layer of molten pool section crucible 150 reaches 900℃, the molten air supply is started to accelerate the temperature rise and melting of the material in the molten pool, forming a molten pool. When the vertical smelting furnace is in normal working condition, the gas supply of supplementary combustion system 200 can be reduced or stopped. When preheating section crucible 130, high-temperature section crucible 140 and molten pool section crucible 150 have wall sticking or poor flowability, supplementary combustion system 200 is started to remove the wall sticking phenomenon of high-melting-point materials and improve the flowability of the molten liquid by increasing the temperature in the smelting furnace.

[0062] Oxygen production system 300 is connected with annular downward tangential air supply port 145, supplementary combustion system 200 and secondary combustion system 400 to supply oxygen to annular downward tangential air supply port 145, supplementary combustion system 200 and secondary combustion system 400.

[0063] The secondary combustion system 400 comprises a secondary combustion chamber 410, a secondary combustor 420, a waste heat boiler 430, an air preheater 440 and a variable frequency air blower 450. The secondary combustion chamber 410 is provided with a flue gas inlet 411, a hot air inlet 412 and a waste heat flue gas outlet 413. The flue gas inlet 411 is connected to the exhaust port 125 of the vertical sectional smelting furnace. The secondary combustor 420 is installed at the top of the secondary combustion chamber 410. The flue gas inlet 411 is arranged at the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 410 and is located below the secondary combustor 420. The hot air inlet 412 is arranged at the middle part of the secondary combustion chamber 410 and is located below the flue gas inlet 411. The hot air inlet 412 and the secondary combustor 420 are connected to the hot air outlet 441 of the air preheater 440. The waste heat flue gas outlet 413 of the secondary combustion chamber 410 is connected to the waste heat flue gas inlet 431 of the waste heat boiler 430. The waste heat flue gas outlet 432 of the waste heat boiler 430 is connected to the waste heat flue gas inlet 442 of the air preheater 440. The air inlet 443 of the air preheater 440 is connected to the variable frequency air blower 450. The hot air outlet 441 of the air preheater 440 is in communication with the air inlet 443 of the air preheater 440. The flue gas outlet 444 of the air preheater 440 is connected to the flue gas treatment device 460. The flue gas treatment device 460 comprises a waste gas purification system 461 and an exhaust pipe 462.

[0064] The secondary combustion chamber 410 has a large space and is designed in an adiabatic manner. The secondary combustor 420 is arranged at the front end of the flue gas inlet 411 of the secondary combustion chamber 410 to prevent the occurrence of deflagration due to flameout. The hot air inlet 412 is arranged around the waste heat flue gas outlet 413 to supply annular hot air. The hot air is supplied by the air preheater 440 to greatly improve the combustion speed and reduce the combustion time. The combustible materials that have not been combusted in time are combusted at this position, and the high temperature prevents the clogging of the flue gas duct by tar.

[0065] The hot air used by the annular downward tangential air supply port 145, the supplementary combustion system 200 and the secondary combustion system 400 is supplied by the air preheater 440. The air preheater 440 is arranged after the secondary combustion chamber 410 and the waste heat boiler 430. Most of the combustible components and dust are combusted and settled in the secondary combustion chamber 410. The flue gas entering the air preheater 440 is relatively clean. The air preheater 440 is designed in a vertical tube bundle manner and is not prone to dust accumulation and is easy to clean. The air preheater 440 not only heats the air to make the combustible materials in the materials more fully combusted, but also recovers waste heat, reduces the flue gas temperature and meets the flue gas temperature requirement of the waste gas purification system.

[0066] A movable ladle track 630 is arranged around the vertical sectional smelting furnace. The movable ladle 610 track is provided with a slag receiving limiting positioning point 620 corresponding to the positions of the slag discharge port 158 and the emptying port 157. The movable ladle 610 can freely move on the movable ladle track 630 through a remote controller and can be accurately parked at the position of the slag receiving limiting positioning point 620.

Claims

1. A vertical sectional melting furnace, comprising a steel shell and a plurality of sectioned crucibles arranged inside the steel shell, the plurality of sectioned crucibles are vertically combined from top to bottom, wherein the plurality of sectioned crucibles are divided into a feeding sectioned crucible, a preheating sectioned crucible, a high-temperature sectioned crucible and a molten pool sectioned crucible from top to bottom, the feeding sectioned crucible and the preheating sectioned crucible are both three-layer structures, the inner layer is piled with high-alumina bricks, the middle layer is piled with corundum mullite, and the outer layer is wrapped with aluminum silicate fiber blanket; the high-temperature sectioned crucible is also a three-layer structure, the inner layer is piled with corundum bricks, the middle layer is piled with corundum mullite, and the outer layer is wrapped with aluminum silicate fiber blanket; the molten pool sectioned crucible is a four-layer structure, the inner layer is formed by pouring silicon carbide castable, the first middle layer is piled with high-alumina bricks, the second middle layer is piled with corundum mullite, and the outermost layer is wrapped with aluminum silicate fiber blanket, and the first middle layer is located between the inner layer and the second middle layer.

2. The vertical sectional melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding sectioned crucible and the preheating sectioned crucible are both cylindrical and have equal inner diameters; the high-temperature sectioned crucible has a drum-shaped structure with small ends and a large middle part; the molten pool sectioned crucible has a cylindrical structure with a bottom; the inner diameter of the middle part of the high-temperature sectioned crucible is larger than the inner diameters of the two ends and the feeding sectioned crucible, the preheating sectioned crucible and the molten pool sectioned crucible, and the inner diameters of the two ends of the high-temperature sectioned crucible are equal to the inner diameters of the feeding sectioned crucible, the preheating sectioned crucible and the molten pool sectioned crucible.

3. The vertical sectional melting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, A feeding channel, a smoke exhaust port, a first infrared temperature measuring port and a thermocouple temperature measuring port are arranged on the feeding sectioned crucible; a supplementary combustion burner mounting port and a second infrared temperature measuring port are arranged on the preheating sectioned crucible; a slag retaining eave and an annular downward tangential air supply port are arranged on the middle part of the high-temperature sectioned crucible, and the annular downward tangential air supply port is located below the slag retaining eave; a fire viewing mirror and a third infrared temperature measuring port are arranged on the molten pool sectioned crucible near the high-temperature sectioned crucible, and a emptying port and a slag outlet are arranged on the bottom of the molten pool sectioned crucible, and the position of the slag outlet is higher than that of the emptying port.

4. The vertical sectional melting furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, A feeding port and an explosion-proof door are arranged on the feeding channel.

5. The vertical sectional melting furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, An inner layer composed of high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped bricks and isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipes is arranged in the emptying port and the slag outlet, the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped bricks and the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipes are connected in a concave-convex combination, inner holes for emptying and discharging slag are arranged in the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped bricks and the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipes, the inner hole diameter of the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipe is larger than that of the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped brick, and the inner hole of the high-temperature sintered silicon carbide precast special-shaped brick is inserted into the inner hole of the isostatic pressing silicon carbide precast round pipe.

6. The vertical sectional melting furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, A plugging mechanism is arranged in the emptying port and the slag outlet.

7. A vertical, staged, smelting furnace solid waste treatment system characterized by, The vertical sectional melting furnace of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a supplementary combustion system, an oxygen production system, a secondary combustion system, and a feeding system, wherein the supplementary combustion system is connected to the supplementary combustion burner mounting port, the oxygen production system is connected to the annular downward tangential air supply port, the supplementary combustion system, and the secondary combustion system to supply oxygen to the annular downward tangential air supply port, the supplementary combustion system, and the secondary combustion system, the secondary combustion system is connected to the flue gas outlet to perform secondary combustion on the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet, and the feeding system is connected to the feeding port to feed materials.

8. The vertical staged melt furnace solid waste treatment system of claim 7, wherein, The supplementary combustion system comprises a supplementary combustion burner arranged in the supplementary combustion burner mounting port, and the supplementary combustion burner is connected to hot air, compressed air, natural gas, and the oxygen production system.

9. The vertical staged melt furnace solid waste treatment system of claim 8, wherein, The feeding system comprises a vibrating and weighing type material bin, a screw meter, a vibrating conveying pipe, a dust collector, and a supplementary feeding device, wherein the top of the vibrating and weighing type material bin is provided with a material inlet and a dust removal port, the bottom of the vibrating and weighing type material bin is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port of the bottom of the vibrating and weighing type material bin is connected to the feeding port of the screw meter, the discharge port of the screw meter is connected to the feeding port of the vibrating conveying pipe, the discharge port of the vibrating conveying pipe is connected to the feeding port on the feeding channel, the supplementary feeding device is connected to the vibrating conveying pipe, and the dust collector is arranged on the dust removal port.

10. The vertical staged melt furnace solid waste treatment system of claim 9, wherein, The secondary combustion system comprises a secondary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion burner, a waste heat boiler, an air preheater, and a variable frequency blower, wherein the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a flue gas inlet, a hot air inlet, and a waste heat flue gas outlet, the flue gas inlet is connected to the flue gas outlet of the vertical sectional melting furnace, the secondary combustion burner is arranged at the top of the secondary combustion chamber, the flue gas inlet is arranged at the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber and is lower than the secondary combustion burner, the hot air inlet is arranged at the middle part of the secondary combustion chamber and is lower than the flue gas inlet, the hot air inlet and the secondary combustion burner are connected to the hot air outlet of the air preheater, the waste heat flue gas outlet arranged at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber is connected to the waste heat flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler, the waste heat flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the waste heat flue gas inlet of the air preheater, the air inlet of the air preheater is connected to the variable frequency blower, the hot air outlet of the air preheater is connected to the air inlet of the air preheater, and the flue gas outlet of the air preheater is connected to a flue gas treatment device.

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