Porous material-based pen refill and writing instrument

Abstract

Provided are a porous material-based pen refill and a writing instrument. The porous material-based pen refill comprises a head part (1) and a handle part (2) connected to the head part (1), wherein the head part (1) and the handle part (2) are both made of porous components. The head part (1) refers to a part close to a writing end, and the handle part (2) is a part connected to a pen tube and used for suctioning ink. The pen refill has the advantages of smooth writing, continuous ink supply, uniform color development, toughness and durability.

Description

A porous material refill and writing instrument TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fluent writing refill material, in particular to a porous material refill and writing instrument. BACKGROUND

[0002] The tip of a writing instrument such as a paint marker, an underlining marker, etc. is capable of drawing a wide line due to the wide refill, and is widely used because of its excellent visibility and workability. In the case of the tip of a writing instrument such as a line marker, writing is generally performed by applying capillary action to a porous member, which is a member in which synthetic resin fibers or the like are aggregated into a rod shape or the like, a sintered body of a polymer, or the like, to thereby guide ink supplied from a rod body that is a main body of the writing instrument to the tip. A porous plastic structure, including a writing tip, is generally manufactured by sintering together particles of a thermoplastic material.

[0003] The prior art such as CN112888576B describes a writing instrument, the tip of which is a tip having a refill containing a shielding material, and the brightness in the L*a*b*(CIE LAB) colorimetric system of the refill is 80 or more. As the writing instrument, it includes a holding body having, for example, a visible portion capable of visually confirming the writing direction, and a tip of the above structure mounted to the holding body. US20220041006A1 also discloses a tip and related writing instrument, the tip of which has a tip housing including a flexible upper writing portion and a lower portion in communication with the flexible upper writing portion. The lower portion of the tip housing is configured to deliver ink to the flexible upper writing portion, and the flexible upper writing portion is configured to deliver ink to a writing surface. The flexible upper writing portion of the tip cartridge includes a flat chisel-shaped tip at an upper end of the flexible upper writing portion. The tip can effectively deliver ink to a writing surface when a force of less than about 0.1 lbs is applied.

[0004] JP7420905B2 also discloses a writing instrument, the porosity of the refill of which is 30-70%. The writing instrument ink composition contains colored resin particles with an average particle size of 1-10 μm. The ink viscosity is 8 to 20 mPa·s. The particle size distribution (Mv / Mn) of the colored resin particles is 1-3. US3942903A discloses a monolithic porous thermoplastic writing tip, which provides a porous thermoplastic product with uniform pore size and an improved writing tip. The above prior art is a single material technology. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a porous material refill that is fluent in writing, continuous in ink supply, uniform in color development, and tough and durable.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is: a porous material refill, which is composed of a head and a handle connected thereto, wherein: both the head and the handle are composed of porous members. The head refers to the part near the writing end, while the handle refers to the part connected to the pen tube and absorbing ink. The above naming is only for the convenience of indicating the relative position of the refill, so as to facilitate understanding and reading. The head and the handle cannot be considered as two independent parts.

[0007] To optimize the above technical solution, the following measures are also adopted: the porous members of the head and the handle have different average pore sizes;

[0008] Preferably, the porous member of the head has a first average pore size, and the porous member of the handle has a second average pore size; the first average pore size is less than or equal to the second average pore size;

[0009] Preferably, the ratio of the first average pore size to the second average pore size is 1:5 to 1:50;

[0010] Preferably, the ratio of the first average pore size to the second average pore size is 1:1 to 1:4.999.

[0011] Preferably, the average pore size of the porous member of the head is 1 µm to 300 µm; and the average pore size of the porous member of the handle is 5 µm to 300 µm. The porous material refill with different properties is made of sintered porous polymer particles through a sintering process. The refill is formed by one-time heating sintering. The refill provides a comfortable writing experience and good writing effect. In a general refill, the handle and the head have the same material properties, such as pore size, porosity, flow rate, and capillary force. In the embodiments of the present application, two or more types of performance materials are used in a single refill, which have different properties such as lower pore size and higher pore size, for example, the pore size of the handle is larger than that of the head. The porous members of the head and the handle have different average particle sizes;

[0012] Preferably, the porous member of the head has a first average particle size, and the porous member of the handle has a second average particle size; the first average particle size is less than or equal to the second average particle size;

[0013] Preferably, the ratio of the first average particle size to the second average particle size is 1:2 to 1:60;

[0014] Preferably, the ratio of the first average particle size to the second average particle size is 1:1 to 1:1.999.

[0015] Preferably, the average particle size of the porous member of the head is 3 µm to 900 µm; and the average particle size of the porous member of the handle is 6 µm to 990 µm;

[0016] Preferably, the particle size distribution of the particles of the head is different from the particle size distribution of the particles of the shaft. The shaft of the refill is required to have a high flow rate and a low capillary force, which enables the liquid to be drawn from the reservoir to the head of the refill. The head of the refill is designed to have a lower flow rate of liquid but a higher capillary force, which is designed to enable a smooth flow of liquid from the shaft of the refill to the writing surface and to provide a comfortable writing experience and a good writing result. This design of the refill allows the capillary force to move the liquid from the reservoir into the shaft, through the shaft to the head, and to the writing surface through the tip of the head. The porous structures of the head and the shaft have different porosities;

[0017] Preferably, the porous structure of the head has a first porosity and the porous structure of the shaft has a second porosity; the first porosity is less than or equal to the second porosity;

[0018] Preferably, the ratio of the first porosity to the second porosity is 1 : 1.1 to 1 : 40;

[0019] Preferably, the ratio of the first porosity to the second porosity is 1 : 1 to 1 : 1.109;

[0020] Preferably, the porosity of the porous structure of the head is 2.5% to 90% and the porosity of the porous structure of the shaft is 5% to 78%;

[0021] Preferably, the head and the shaft have different stiffnesses;

[0022] Preferably, the head and the shaft have different colors;

[0023] Preferably, the porous structures of the head and the shaft have different capillary forces, the capillary force of the head is greater than the capillary force of the shaft. The flow rate of the head is lower than the flow rate of the shaft. The shaft of the refill is required to have a high flow rate and a low capillary force, which enables the liquid to be drawn from the reservoir to the head of the refill. The head of the refill is designed to have a lower flow rate of liquid but a higher capillary force, which is designed to enable a smooth flow of liquid from the shaft of the refill to the writing surface and to provide a comfortable writing experience and a good writing result. This design of the refill allows the capillary force to move the liquid from the reservoir into the shaft, through the shaft to the head, and to the writing surface through the tip of the head.

[0024] A porous material refill is composed of a porous structure. The porous structure has at least one interface;

[0025] Preferably, the two sides of the interface have different porosities;

[0026] Preferably, the two sides of the interface have different average particle sizes;

[0027] Preferably, the two sides of the interface have different average pore sizes and / or capillary forces;

[0028] Preferably, among the n segments of the refill body, the i-th segment near the head has a different porosity compared to the j-th segment near the handle; and / or,

[0029] have different average particle sizes; and / or,

[0030] have different average pore sizes; and / or,

[0031] have different capillary forces; wherein n is a natural number less than 100, i < n and j < n. A specific measurement method is, for example, to divide the refill body into equal n segments along the ink flow direction, for example n = 5. Among them, the 1st segment contains the writing surface contact end of the refill head, and so on, the 5th segment contains the handle end. Under this definition, the average pore size of the 2nd segment, i.e. i = 2, and the 4th segment, i.e. j = 4, are compared to determine whether they are the same or different.

[0032] The refill adopts a porous body sintered from plastic powder. The plastic includes polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, rigid polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether sulfone, polystyrene, polyetherimide, polyether ether ketone or polysulfone, and combinations and / or copolymers thereof;

[0033] Preferably, at least part of the porosity near the writing end of the porous body is smaller than the porosity near the ink absorption end of the porous body;

[0034] Preferably, at least part of the average particle size near the writing end of the porous body is smaller than the average particle size near the ink absorption end of the porous body;

[0035] Preferably, at least part of the average pore size near the writing end of the porous body is smaller than the average pore size near the ink absorption end of the porous body;

[0036] Preferably, the plastic powder of the head part of the porous body has a different particle size distribution than the powder of the handle part of the porous body. The particle size distribution is measured by Mv / Mn.

[0037] The application also discloses a writing tool prepared from the above-mentioned porous material refill.

[0038] Since the head and handle of the application are both porous members, the head refers to the part near the writing end, and the handle refers to the part connected to the pen tube and absorbing ink. Thus, the application has the advantages of smooth writing, continuous ink supply, uniform color development, and durability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the refill according to the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refill according to the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refill according to the embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refill according to the embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the refill according to the embodiment 4 of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refill according to the embodiment 4 of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refill according to the embodiment 5 of the present application;

[0046] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refill according to the embodiment 6 of the present application;

[0047] Figure 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part of the structure according to the embodiment 6 of the present application;

[0048] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the refill according to the embodiment 7 of the present application;

[0049] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refill according to the embodiment 7 of the present application;

[0050] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refill according to the embodiment 8 of the present application;

[0051] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refill according to the embodiment 9 of the present application;

[0052] Figure 14 is a photograph of the refill according to the embodiment 10 of the present application;

[0053] Figure 15 is an electron microscope photograph of the refill according to the embodiment 10 of the present application;

[0054] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the refill according to the embodiment 11 of the present application. Embodiments of the present application

[0055] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] Figure legend: head 1, shaft 2, abutment surface 3.

[0057] Embodiment 1: With reference to Figures 1 to 2, a porous material refill comprises a head 1 and a shaft 2 connected to the head 1, wherein: the head 1 and the shaft 2 are both porous members. The head 1 refers to the part of the refill near the writing end, and the shaft 2 is the part of the refill connected to the pen tube and used to absorb ink.

[0058] The porous members of the head 1 and the shaft 2 have different average pore sizes;

[0059] Preferably, the porous member of the head 1 has a first average pore size and the porous member of the handle 2 has a second average pore size; the first average pore size is less than or equal to the second average pore size;

[0060] Preferably, the ratio of the first average pore size to the second average pore size is 1 :5 to 1 :50; as a preference, the ratio of the first average pore size to the second average pore size also includes: 1 :6, 1 :7, 1 :8, 1 :9, 1 :10, 1 :11, 1 :12, 1 :13, 1 :14, 1 :15, 1 :16, 1 :17, 1 :18, 1 :19, 1 :20, 1 :21, 1 :22, 1 :23, 1 :24, 1 :25, 1 :26, 1 :27, 1 :28, 1 :29, 1 :30, 1 :31, 1 :32, 1 :33, 1 :34, 1 :35, 1 :36, 1 :37, 1 :38, 1 :39, 1 :40, 1 :41, 1 :42, 1 :43, 1 :44, 1 :45, 1 :46, 1 :47, 1 :48, 1 :49.

[0061] Preferably, the ratio of the first average pore size to the second average pore size is 1 :1 to 1 :4.999. As a preference, the ratio of the first average pore size to the second average pore size also includes: 1 :1.2, 1 :1.3, 1 :1.4, 1 :1.5, 1 :1.6, 1 :1.7, 1 :1.8, 1 :1.9, 1 :2, 1 :2.1, 1 :2.2, 1 :2.3, 1 :2.4, 1 :2.5, 1 :2.6, 1 :2.7, 1 :2.8, 1 :2.9, 1 :3, 1 :3.1, 1 :3.2, 1 :3.3, 1 :3.4, 1 :3.5, 1 :3.6, 1 :3.7, 1 :3.8, 1 :3.9, 1 :4, 1 :4.1, 1 :4.2, 1 :4.3, 1 :4.4, 1 :4.5, 1 :4.6, 1 :4.7, 1 :4.8, 1 :4.9.

[0062] Preferably, the average pore size of the porous member of the head 1 is 1 pm to 300 pm; the average pore size of the porous member of the shaft 2 is 5 pm to 300 pm. As a preference, the average pore size of the porous member of the head 1 and the average pore size of the porous member of the shaft 2 are 5 pm, 10 pm, 15 pm, 20 pm, 25 pm, 30 pm, 35 pm, 40 pm, 45 pm, 50 pm, 55 pm, 60 pm, 65 pm, 70 pm, 75 pm, 80 pm, 85 pm, 90 pm, 95 pm, 100 pm, 105 pm, 110 pm, 115 pm, 120 pm, 125 pm, 130 pm, 135 pm, 140 pm, 145 pm, 150 pm, 155 pm, 160 pm, 165 pm, 170 pm, 175 pm, 180 pm, 185 pm, 190 pm, 195 pm, 200 pm, 205 pm, 210 pm, 215 pm, 220 pm, 225 pm, 230 pm, 235 pm, 240 pm, 245 pm, 250 pm, 255 pm, 260 pm, 265 pm, 270 pm, 275 pm, 280 pm, 285 pm, 290 pm, 295 pm. The average pore size of the porous member of the head 1 can also be 2 pm, 3 pm, 4 pm. The statistical method of average pore size is the statistical method of micropore size, which is a conventional measurement method and will not be described again.

[0063] The porous material refill with different properties is made from sintered porous polymer particles by a sintering process. The refill is formed by one-time heating sintering. The refill provides a comfortable writing experience and good writing effect. In a general refill, the refill is composed of the shaft 2 and the head 1 and has the same material properties, such as pore size, porosity, flow rate, and capillary force. In the embodiment of the present application, two or more types of performance materials are used in a single refill, which has different properties of lower pore size and higher pore size, for example, the pore size of the shaft is greater than that of the head. The porous members of the head 1 and the shaft 2 have different average particle sizes;

[0064] Preferably, the porous member of the head 1 has a first average particle size, and the porous member of the shaft 2 has a second average particle size; the first average particle size is less than or equal to the second average particle size;

[0065] Preferably, the ratio of the first average particle size : second average particle size is from 1 :2 to 1 :60; as preferred, the ratio of the first average particle size : second average particle size also includes: 1 :3, 1 :4, 1 :5, 1 :6, 1 :7, 1 :8, 1 :9, 1 :10, 1 :11, 1 :12, 1 :13, 1 :14, 1 :15, 1 :16, 1 :17, 1 :18, 1 :19, 1 :20, 1 :21, 1 :22, 1 :23, 1 :24, 1 :25, 1 :26, 1 :27, 1 :28, 1 :29, 1 :30, 1 :31, 1 :32, 1 :33, 1 :34, 1 :35, 1 :36, 1 :37, 1 :38, 1 :39, 1 :40, 1 :41, 1 :42, 1 :43, 1 :44, 1 :45, 1 :46, 1 :47, 1 :48, 1 :49, 1 :50, 1 :51, 1 :52, 1 :53, 1 :54, 1 :55, 1 :56, 1 :57, 1 :58, 1 :59.

[0066] Preferably, the ratio of the first average particle size : second average particle size is from 1 :1 to 1 :1.999.

[0067] Preferably, the average particle size of the porous structure of the head 1 is from 3 pm to 900 pm; the average particle size of the porous structure of the stem 2 is from 6 pm to 990 pm; as a preference, the average particle size of the porous structure of the head 1 and the average particle size of the porous structure of the stem 2 further comprise: 7 pm, 8 pm, 9 pm, 10 pm, 11 pm, 12 pm, 13 pm, 14 pm, 15 pm, 16 pm, 17 pm, 18 pm, 19 pm, 20 pm, 25 pm, 30 pm, 35 pm, 40 pm, 45 pm, 50 pm, 55 pm, 60 pm, 65 pm, 70 pm, 75 pm, 80 pm, 85 pm, 90 pm, 95 pm, 100 pm, 105 pm, 110 pm, 115 pm, 120 pm, 125 pm, 130 pm, 135 pm, 140 pm, 145 pm, 150 pm, 160 pm, 170 pm, 180 pm, 190 pm, 200 pm, 210 pm, 220 pm, 230 pm, 240 pm, 250 pm, 260 pm, 270 pm, 280 pm, 290 pm, 300 pm, 310 pm, 320 pm, 330 pm, 340 pm, 350 pm, 360 pm, 370 pm, 380 pm, 390 pm, 400 pm, 410 pm, 420 pm, 430 pm, 440 pm, 450 pm, 460 pm, 470 pm, 480 pm, 490 pm, 500 pm, 510 pm, 520 pm, 530 pm, 540 pm, 550 pm, 560 pm, 570 pm, 580 pm, 590 pm, 600 pm, 610 pm, 620 pm, 630 pm, 640 pm, 650 pm, 660 pm, 670 pm, 680 pm, 690 pm, 700 pm, 710 pm, 720 pm, 730 pm, 740 pm, 750 pm, 760 pm, 770 pm, 780 pm, 790 pm, 800 pm, 810 pm, 820 pm, 830 pm, 840 pm, 850 pm, 860 pm, 870 pm, 880 pm, 890 pm, 900 pm, 910 pm, 920 pm, 930 pm, 940 pm, 950 pm, 960 pm, 970 pm, 980 pm. The average particle size of the porous structure of the head 1 can also be 4 pm, 5 pm, 6 pm.

[0068] Preferably, the porous structure of the head 1 has a first porosity and the porous structure of the shaft 2 has a second porosity; the first porosity is less than or equal to the second porosity;

[0069] Preferably, the porous structure of the head 1 has a first porosity and the porous structure of the shaft 2 has a second porosity; the first porosity is less than or equal to the second porosity;

[0070] Preferably, the ratio of the first porosity: second porosity is 1 : 1.1 to 1 : 40; as a preference, the ratio of the first porosity: second porosity also includes: 1 : 1.11, 1 : 1.12, 1 : 1.13, 1 : 1.14, 1 : 1.15, 1 : 1.16, 1 : 1.17, 1 : 1.18, 1 : 1.19, 1 : 1.20, 1 : 1.21, 1 : 1.22, 1 : 1.23, 1 : 1.24, 1 : 1.25, 1 : 1.26, 1 : 1.27, 1 : 1.28, 1 : 1.29, 1 : 1.30, 1 : 1.31, 1 : 1.32, 1 : 1.33, 1 : 1.34, 1 : 1.35, 1 : 1.36, 1 : 1.37, 1 : 1.38, 1 : 1.39, 1 : 1.40, 1 : 1.41, 1 : 1.42, 1 : 1.43, 1 : 1.44, 1 : 1.45, 1 : 1.46, 1 : 1.47, 1 : 1.48, 1 : 1.49, 1 : 1.5, 1 : 1.6, 1 : 1.7, 1 : 1.8, 1 : 1.9, 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 4, 1 : 5, 1 : 6, 1 : 7, 1 : 8, 1 : 9, 1 : 10, 1 : 11, 1 : 12, 1 : 13, 1 : 14, 1 : 15, 1 : 16, 1 : 17, 1 : 18, 1 : 19, 1 : 20, 1 : 21, 1 : 22, 1 : 23, 1 : 24, 1 : 25, 1 : 26, 1 : 27, 1 : 28, 1 : 29, 1 : 30, 1 : 31, 1 : 32, 1 : 33, 1 : 34, 1 : 35, 1 : 36, 1 : 37, 1 : 38, 1 : 39.

[0071] Preferably, the ratio of the first porosity: second porosity is 1 : 1 to 1 : 1.109;

[0072] Preferably, the porosity of the porous member of the head 1 is between 2.5% and 90%; the porosity of the porous member of the shaft 2 is between 5% and 78%; as a preference, the porosity of the porous member of the head 1 and the porosity of the porous member of the shaft 2 further comprise: 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48%, 50%, 52%, 54%, 56%, 58%, 60%, 62%, 64%, 66%, 68%, 70%, 72%, 74%, 76%, 78%, 80%, 82%, 84%, 86%, 88%, 89%.

[0073] Preferably, the head 1 and the shaft 2 have different stiffnesses;

[0074] Preferably, the head 1 and the shaft 2 have different colors;

[0075] Preferably, the porous members of the head 1 and the shaft 2 have different capillary forces, the capillary force of the head 1 is greater than that of the shaft 2. The shaft 2 of the refill is required to have a high flow rate and a low capillary force, which enables the liquid to be sucked from the reservoir to the head 1 of the refill. While the head 1 of the refill is designed to have a lower liquid flow rate but a higher capillary force, the purpose of this design is to smoothly flow the liquid from the shaft of the refill to the writing surface and provide a comfortable writing experience and good writing effect. This design of the refill allows the capillary force to move the liquid from the reservoir of the pen to the shaft 2, through the shaft 2 to the head 1, so that the head 1 contacts the writing surface.

[0076] A porous material refill, which is composed of a porous member. The porous member has at least one abutment surface 3;

[0077] Preferably, the two sides of the abutment surface have different porosities;

[0078] Preferably, the two sides of the abutment surface have different average particle sizes;

[0079] Preferably, the two sides of the abutment surface have different average pore sizes and / or capillary forces;

[0080] Preferably, in the n segments of the body of the refill, the i-th segment close to the head 1 has a different porosity compared to the j-th segment close to the shaft 2; and / or,

[0081] has different average particle sizes; and / or,

[0082] has different average pore sizes; and / or,

[0083] have different capillary forces; wherein n is a natural number smaller than 100, i < n and j < n. A specific measurement method is as follows: the refill body is divided into equal n sections along the ink flow direction, for example n = 5. Among them, the first section contains the writing surface contact end of the refill head 1, and so on, the fifth section contains the handle end. Under this definition, the parameters such as average pore size, average particle size, porosity of the second section (i.e. i = 2) and the fourth section (i.e. j = 4) are compared to measure whether they are the same or different.

[0084] The porous material refill is made of a porous body sintered from plastic powder. The plastic includes polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, rigid polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether sulfone, polystyrene, polyetherimide, polyether ether ketone or polysulfone and / or their combinations and / or their copolymers;

[0085] Preferably, the plastic powder of the head 1 and the plastic powder of the handle 2 have different particle size distributions. The particle size distribution is measured by Mv / Mn.

[0086] The writing instrument made of the porous material refill. That is, the writing instrument made of the porous material according to the technical solutions of the present application.

[0087] In the present application, the porosity is calculated as follows: first, the refill or the refill section (for example, the refill is separated into a head and a handle) with a known mass and apparent volume is immersed in water, and after the water is fully infiltrated, the mass is measured in the state after being taken out of the water. The volume of the water infiltrated in the refill is derived from the measured mass. The volume of the water is considered to be the same as the pore volume of the refill, and the porosity is calculated by the following formula A.

[0088] Porosity (unit %) = (volume of water) / (apparent volume of refill) x 100 (Formula A)

[0089] In the present application, the "average particle size" represents the average value of the diameter of the particles measured by electron microscopy, which is the average value of the particle size measured for 20 particles projected into the image of the electron microscope. In the case of non-circular particles, the length of the longest line segment and the length of the shortest line segment of any two points connecting the outline of the pore are added and divided by 2, and the obtained value is taken as the particle size of the particle.

[0090] The present application selects the axe-shaped refill, U-shaped refill and conical refill as typical examples for further description. The present embodiment takes the axe-shaped refill as an example, and in FIG. 2, the abutment surface 3 is located at the connecting portion between the head 1 and the handle 2.

[0091] Embodiment 2: Referring to Fig. 3, this embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, and the abutment surface 3 is located on the part of the head 1.

[0092] Embodiment 3: Referring to Fig. 4, this embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, and the abutment surface 3 is located on the part of the shaft 2.

[0093] Embodiment 4: Referring to Figs. 5-6, this embodiment is a U-shaped refill based on the previous embodiment. In Fig. 6, the abutment surface 3 is located just near the part where the cross-sectional area of the two shafts 2 and the head 1 changes.

[0094] Through comparative experiments, the technical solution of the present application has a smaller particle size, pore size and porosity in the head, so that the same ink supply (water absorption performance) is used for wear resistance test. The test method is as follows: the refill is installed on the same specification pen shaft, the initial thickness (Xa) of the writing end of the pen tip is measured, then the device is installed in the writing machine, a writing distance of 200m is set, the writing machine is started to write, and then the thickness (Xb) of the writing end of the pen tip is measured again. The wear degree of the pen tip after writing 200m is (Xa-Xb). The test embodiment of the present application has a wear degree of 0.0647mm to 0.1997mm, and the average is 0.1148mm; and the average wear degree of the prior art is 0.1731mm. The comparative experiments are carried out under the same conditions, structure and method, and will not be described below.

[0095] The water absorption performance is compared by vertically placing the pen tip into water (dyeing color to easily check). When the pen tip 1 is placed into water, the water surface submerges the end of the shaft 2 by 3mm, the water is absorbed from the pen shaft end (shaft 2) to the writing end (pen tip 1), and the water absorption time is recorded. The test embodiment of the present application is 5.44s to 10.91s, and the average is 7.26; and the average of the prior art is 7.99s.

[0096] A preferred scheme of the present embodiment has the following product test results (Table 1):

[0097]

[0098] Hardness comparison: a simple test method is used to install the refill sample of the embodiment in a clamp (two hard plates), expose about half of the pen tip 1, in the longitudinal direction (along the pen tip 1 to the shaft 2 and parallel to the axial direction of the shaft 2), set a displacement distance (0.81mm) of the pressure block at a pressure, and then record the hardness (N). The test technical solution of the present application is 11.04N to 13.85N, and the average is 11.978N; and the average of the prior art is 9.938N.

[0099] Stiffness range: simple test method, put the example refill sample into the clamp (two pieces of hard board), expose about half of the pen tip 1, in the transverse direction (perpendicular to the axial direction of the handle 2, and perpendicular to the pen tip plane), set a pressing displacement distance (0.20mm) on the cutting plate, start pressing, then take out the pen tip, and test the bending angle (stiffness) with a microscope. The test technical solution case of the present application is 0.42° to 1.56°, and the average is 1.04°; the average of the prior art is 4.39°.

[0100] In summary, the technical solution of the present application has the advantages of better wear resistance, good ink supply continuity, fast water absorption, and advantages in pen tip hardness, stiffness and strength due to the smaller porosity, smaller pore size and smaller particle size of the pen tip part.

[0101] Example 5: Referring to FIG. 7, in this embodiment, the abutment surface 3 is located on the handle 2, and the abutment surface 3 point position depth of different handle 2 can be different or the same (not described again).

[0102] Example 6: Referring to FIGS. 8-9, in this embodiment, the abutment surface 3 can be located on the head 1 part based on the previous embodiments.

[0103] Example 7: Referring to FIGS. 10-11, in this embodiment, the abutment surface 3 is located near the connection part of the two handle 2 and head 1 cross-sectional area transition based on the previous embodiments.

[0104] Example 8: Referring to FIG. 12, in this embodiment, the abutment surface 3 is located on the handle 2 based on the previous embodiments.

[0105] Example 9: Referring to FIG. 13, in this embodiment, the abutment surface 3 is located on the head 1 part based on the previous embodiments. Although the abutment surface 3 is shown as a flat surface in the drawing, in actual products, irregular surfaces can also occur. That is, the abutment surface 3 is a generally flat surface or an irregular surface or a clear particle transition interval. The particle transition interval means a region formed by the interweaving of different powders, but on both sides of this region there are clear corresponding single regions formed by different powders.

[0106] Example 10: Referring to FIG. 14 to FIG. 15, the head 1 has at least a portion with a color different from that of the handle 2 or the rest of the head 1. That is, the granular plastic powder raw material with smaller particle size is added with color during the preparation of the refill and sintered into the finished product of the refill. In this way, the location of the fine granular plastic powder is indicated by the color difference, and the user can distinguish whether the fine granular plastic is worn out. At the same time, the product of the present application can also be distinguished from other technologies. Of course, the granular plastic powder raw material with larger particle size can also be colored. Different granular raw material powders can also be colored differently. FIG. 15 shows a partial electron microscope photo of the present application.

[0107] Example 11: Referring to FIG. 16, a porous material refill of the present embodiment includes a head 1 and a handle 2 connected thereto, wherein the head 1 and the handle 2 are both porous structures; the porous structures of the head 1 portion and the handle 2 portion have different average pore sizes.

[0108] The refill of the present embodiment has a porous structure of the head 1 with a first average pore size, a porous structure of the handle 2 with a second average pore size, and the first average pore size is smaller than the second average pore size; there is no significant boundary between the pore size of the head 1 and the pore size of the handle 2. That is, the pore size of the handle 2 is larger than that of the head 1, and along the direction from the handle 2 to the head 1, the pore size decreases regularly or irregularly, rather than having a more obvious interface between the handle 2 and the head 1 as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2, where there is a significant change in the particle and / or pore size.

[0109] The porous structures of the head 1 and the handle 2 use the same specification of granular material, so that the entire refill has approximately the same average particle size after sintering. The same specification of granular material generally refers to granules produced according to certain standards or specifications, with the same size, shape and performance. These granules are consistent in material composition, physical and chemical properties, and are suitable for various industrial and scientific fields. It should be noted that the above-mentioned granules with the same size, shape and performance are obviously not consistent with each particle, and should not be interpreted in a narrow sense. For example, the raw material particles used in the sintering process use a production batch of raw material from a supplier, rather than a mixture of raw materials from different manufacturers and different specifications, that is, it should be considered as the same specification. For example, the average particle size of the head 1 after sintering is less than 20% different from the average particle size of the handle 2, which should also be considered as the same specification. As shown in the partial enlarged parts A, B of FIG. 16, the circles represent the schematic of the granular material, and do not represent that the actual granules are perfect spherical, and the space between the circles represents the pore, and the method for measuring the pore size of the pore is as described above.

[0110] Preferably, the average particle size of the head 1 differs less than 20% from the average particle size of the shaft 2. The difference in average particle size can also be 19%, 18%, 17%, 16%, 15%, 14%, 13%, 12%, 11%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.3%, 0.1%. The embodiment can be a chisel type tip, can be a U type tip, can be a conical type tip, and other shapes, and will not be redundantly shown.

[0111] Although the present application has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the application and that there will be modifications and alterations thereof within the spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, this application is intended to cover all such modifications and alterations.

Claims

1. A porous material refill comprising a head (1) and a shank (2) connected thereto, characterized in that: The head (1) and the handle (2) are both porous members; the porous members of the head (1) and the handle (2) have different average pore sizes; the porous member of the head (1) has a first average pore size, and the porous member of the handle (2) has a second average pore size; the first average pore size is smaller than the second average pore size; the porous members of the head (1) and the handle (2) are made of the same kind of granular material; the average particle size of the head (1) differs from that of the handle (2) by less than 20%; the head (1) and the handle (2) have no significant boundary in particle size and / or pore size; the porous members of the head (1) and the handle (2) have different porosities; the porous member of the head (1) has a first porosity, and the porous member of the handle (2) has a second porosity; the first porosity is smaller than the second porosity.

2. A porous material refill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the first porosity to the second porosity is 1:1.1 to 1:

40.

3. A porous material refill according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least part of the head (1) has a color different from that of the rest.

4. A writing instrument characterised in that: The writing instrument is prepared by using the porous material refill as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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