Tyre comprising a high-contrast textured surface element

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tyre (1) comprising, on an outer sidewall (21) or tread (22) surface, at least one high-contrast textured surface element (3) consisting of a texture comprising at least two groups of strips (4, 5), which are raised and intersect one another so as to form an at least two-dimensional network. According to the invention, a first group of strips comprises main strips (4) having the same constant height (H1) less than or equal to 1.00 mm, which are arranged parallel to one another and spaced apart by a pitch (P1) less than or equal to 0.50 mm, and a second group of strips comprises secondary strips (5) having the same constant height (H2) greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 100% of the height (H1) of a main strip (4), which are arranged parallel to one another and spaced apart by a pitch (P2) less than or equal to 0.50 mm.

Description

Tire including a high contrast textured surface element

[0001] The present invention relates to a tire for a vehicle, comprising at least one high-contrast textured surface element, preferably located on a sidewall or on the tread of the tire.

[0002] The tread intended to come into contact with the ground is connected, by its two ends, to two sidewalls, extended by two beads intended to be mounted on a rim.

[0003] It is known to use textured surface elements on a tire sidewall, more precisely on the external surface of a sidewall, in contact with atmospheric air, referred to more simply as the "sidewall surface". A textured sidewall surface element can be a graphic or aesthetic element. A graphic element, usually called a marking and comprising letters, numbers or symbols, is generally intended to communicate technical, commercial or legal information. An aesthetic element is, on the other hand, a simple design element.

[0004] It is also known to use textured surface elements on a tread, the latter generally consisting of elements raised relative to a bearing surface separated from each other by hollows. A textured tread surface element is most often positioned in a hollow of the tread and may have an aesthetic function or a specific function, such as, for example, the identification of a wear indicator or, in the case of a heavy vehicle tire, the identification of a tread regrooving indicator.

[0005] By definition, a high-contrast textured surface element means a surface element of the tire, consisting of a specific texture different from that of the surrounding smooth surface and having a strong visual differentiation with respect to it. This texture gives said surface element a darker appearance than that of the portion of smooth surface adjacent to said element, such that this surface element can be visually distinguished. The texture can either fill the graphic or aesthetic element, or surround it, and can extend over all or part of the circumference of the tire.

[0006] Thus, whether for the enhancement of graphic elements or aesthetic elements located on the surface of the tire, there is a constant concern among tire designers to produce textured surface elements with high contrast.

[0007] Surface element textures are formed, in a known manner, either by protuberances raised relative to the surface of the tire, or by cavities recessed relative to the surface of the tire, or by a combination of protuberances and cavities. The rubber material of the texture is most often identical to that of the adjacent portion of the tire.

[0008] Thus, high-contrast textures comprising strand- or blade-shaped protrusions have been described, for example, in WO 2007045425 A1, WO 2011036061 A1 and WO 2014202731 A1. High-contrast textures comprising recessed cavities relative to the tire surface have been described, for example, in WO 2014040967 A1.

[0009] The texture of a surface element, comprising protuberances in the form of strands or blades, allows a large part of the incident light rays to be absorbed, after one or more successive reflections on the walls of the protuberances. A rubber material naturally absorbs light, it is usually estimated that only 5% of the incident light flux is reflected by the smooth surface of the tire. The texture allows the percentage of reflected light flux to be further reduced, typically to 1% of the incident light flux. Since the human eye is very sensitive to low light levels, it will clearly perceive the difference between 1% and 5% of reflected light flux, and therefore perceive a significant black contrast between the textured surface and the smooth surface. In addition, this particular texture allows for a pleasant touch on the tire surface, of the "velvet" type. Finally, the texture has a water-repellent and hydrophobic effect.

[0010] In a particular embodiment, the texture may be positioned on a surface set back from the surface of the tire, such that it is embedded in the tire, which has the advantage of protecting it. In the particular case of a sidewall surface element set back from the surface of the tire, the latter is advantageously protected against wear caused by scraping of the sidewall surface against a pavement.

[0011] Similarly, the texture of the surface elements, comprising recessed cavities relative to the tire surface, makes it possible to absorb a large portion of the incident light rays, after one or more successive reflections on the walls of the cavities. In addition, due to the withdrawal of the recessed cavities relative to the tire surface, the durability of said texture is ensured because it is protected. In the particular case of a sidewall surface element, this texture also has the advantage of not disturbing the aerodynamic flow of air, in the vicinity of the sidewall surface, when the tire is rolling.

[0012] The texture of a surface element is most often produced by molding during the curing of the tire. A mold element comprising recesses makes it possible to mold protrusions, and a mold element comprising protrusions makes it possible to mold recesses. The corresponding mold element, intended to mold the surface element, is produced, by way of non-exhaustive examples, by machining or by laser engraving. The texture of a surface element can optionally be produced directly on the surface of the tire after curing, for example by laser engraving.

[0013] Due to the fineness of their geometries, the previously described "velvet" type textures have a significant industrial impact in tire production plants, particularly in curing workshops. Indeed, the fouling of the curing molds, and in particular of the mold elements comprising hollows or protrusions for molding the texture, is higher, which requires a greater frequency of cleaning of said molds and results in additional manufacturing costs.

[0014] Thus, a texture made up of strands, known to have good visual contrast, whatever the viewing angle, may present a less effective visual contrast than expected, due to the presence of smooth areas in the textured surface, reflecting more light and therefore visually perceived as light areas. These smooth areas are generated during manufacturing by local obstructions of the microhole-type hollows of the molding element of the strand texture. These local obstructions, also called pollution, are due to the presence of residual rubber material, following a certain number of successive tire curings. The detection of smooth areas during manufacturing, during quality controls, leads to non-conformity of the tire which is then downgraded and deemed unfit for sale, which results in a loss of material and additional production costs.

[0015] Furthermore, the visual contrast of a texture made of blades is less effective than that of a stranded texture, because the quality of the visual contrast is sensitive to the angle of incidence of the light and the angle of observation, the ridges separating the blades capturing and returning the light rays in preferential directions. Furthermore, a bladed texture is less sensitive to the problem of molding quality related to pollution of the molding element, because the molding of a bladed texture generates fewer manufacturing stops for cleaning the molds than a stranded texture.

[0016] In summary, a bristle texture guarantees good visual contrast, but has a strong industrial impact on cleaning baking molds. Conversely, a blade texture is a little less effective in terms of visual contrast, but has a lower industrial impact on cleaning baking molds.

[0017] The inventors' aim is to propose a tire comprising, on its external surface, at least one textured surface element, preferably located on at least one of its sidewalls or on its tread, mainly at the bottom of the cutouts of the tread, with a strong visual contrast compared to the adjacent smooth surface, said textured surface element being obtained by molding using a molding element less sensitive to pollution, during curing, and therefore requiring a lower cleaning frequency.

[0018] The subject of the invention is a tire for a vehicle, comprising, on an outer surface of the sidewall or tread, at least one high-contrast textured surface element consisting of a texture comprising at least two families of blades, in relief relative to the outer surface of the sidewall or tread, and crossed between them so as to form an at least two-dimensional network, - a first family comprising rectilinear blades called main blades having the same constant height less than or equal to 1.00 mm, two consecutive main blades being substantially parallel to each other and spaced apart by a pitch less than or equal to 0.50 mm, - and a second family comprising rectilinear blades called secondary blades having the same constant height greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 100% of the height of a main blade, two consecutive secondary blades being substantially parallel to each other and spaced apart by a pitch less than or equal to 0.50 mm.

[0019] A texture according to the invention is essentially constituted by a network of at least two families of blades crossed between them, delimiting cavities having characteristics of absorption and reflection of the incident light rays producing a strong visual contrast of the textured surface considered in relation to the surrounding surface. The depth of a cavity, measured along a substantially radial axis of said cavity, is defined by the respective heights of the blades delimiting it. The other dimensions of a cavity, in a plane perpendicular to its substantially radial axis, are defined by the respective pitches of the blades of the two families of blades delimiting it.

[0020] According to the invention, the rectilinear blades of a first family, called main blades, have the same constant height less than or equal to 1.00 mm, and are spaced two by two with a pitch less than or equal to 0.50 mm.

[0021] The ease of programming the laser engraving of the molding element is a technical advantage of the rectilinear shape. In addition, the removal of foreign matter during cleaning of the molding element is facilitated by the rectilinear shape of the molding element recesses intended to mold the main blades of the textured surface.

[0022] Each main blade has a height, measured between its base and its top edge, which is constant over its entire length, apart from manufacturing irregularities. In fact, most often the blades are molded by metal molding elements, generally made by laser engraving. However, laser engraving usually generates geometric engraving irregularities in the bottom of the hollows of the molding elements intended to mold the blades. These geometric engraving irregularities will in turn generate geometric irregularities of the top edge of the blade. These geometric irregularities of the top edge of the blade, however, have a limited dimensional amplitude, typically less than 10% of the height of the blade.

[0023] All main blades have the same constant height less than or equal to 1.00 mm. A constant main blade height corresponds to a constant depth of the molding element recess. A constant depth of the molding element recess limits the risk of rubber material depositing in the element recess molding which can cause it to be at least partially blocked, and therefore the frequency of cleaning it. Furthermore, a limited blade height, less than 1.00 mm, limits air flow disturbances in the vicinity of the textured surface element and therefore the impact on the aerodynamic behavior of the tire.

[0024] In addition, two consecutive main blades are substantially parallel to each other and spaced apart by a pitch less than or equal to 0.50 mm.

[0025] The main blades are said to be substantially parallel to each other, because they are not strictly parallel, due to the curvature of the surface from which they are formed. This parallelism allows, on the one hand, for easy programming of the laser engraving of the molding element, and, on the other hand, for obtaining a satisfactory visual contrast whatever the position of the observer.

[0026] A limited pitch, less than or equal to 0.50 mm, combined with a limited blade height, less than or equal to 1 mm, allows for a cavity shape ratio, defined as the cavity depth / cavity width ratio, which is efficient in trapping light rays by successive rebounds on the cavity walls. The cavity depth is defined by the blade height, and the cavity width is defined by the pitch between two successive blades.

[0027] Still according to the invention, the rectilinear blades of a second family, called secondary, have the same constant height greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 100% of the height of a main blade, and are two by two substantially parallel to each other and spaced apart by a pitch less than or equal to 0.50 mm.

[0028] As with the main blades, the ease of programming the laser engraving of the molding element is a technical advantage of this rectilinear shape. In addition, the removal of foreign matter, during cleaning of the molding element, is facilitated by the rectilinear shape of the molding element recesses intended to mold the secondary blades of the textured surface.

[0029] Like the main blades, the secondary blades have a constant height and are two by two substantially parallel to each other and spaced at a pitch less than or equal to 0.50 mm. The interpretations and technical effects relating to these characteristics height, parallelism and pitch techniques, previously described for the main blades, remain valid for the secondary blades.

[0030] The specified range for the height of a secondary blade implies that any secondary blade must be of sufficient height to have a significantly bidirectional blade array, while remaining at most equal to the height of a primary blade.

[0031] Advantageously, the main blades have the same constant height less than or equal to 0.80 mm, preferably less than or equal to 0.50 mm. As seen previously, a blade height that is too high has a negative impact on the air flow in the vicinity of the textured surface element.

[0032] Also advantageously the main blades have the same constant height greater than or equal to 0.10 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 0.20 mm and even more preferably greater than or equal to 0.25 mm. A main blade height that is too low implies a textured surface element of low height that is relatively sensitive to mechanical attack.

[0033] Advantageously, two consecutive main blades are spaced apart by a pitch less than or equal to 0.40 mm. As already described, a limited pitch, combined with a limited blade height, makes it possible to have a cavity shape ratio, defined as the cavity depth / cavity width ratio, which is efficient in terms of trapping light rays undergoing successive reflections on the cavity walls.

[0034] It is always advantageous to space two consecutive main blades with a pitch greater than or equal to 0.10 mm. Below this minimum pitch, the corresponding molding element is more sensitive to fouling during successive firings and is more difficult to clean.

[0035] Advantageously, the ratio between the height of a main blade and the pitch between two consecutive main blades is greater than or equal to 1, preferably greater than or equal to 1.5 and even more preferably greater than or equal to 2. This ratio also characterizes the aspect ratio of the cavities, defined as the ratio between the depth and the width of the cavity. The higher this ratio, the more pronounced the phenomenon of absorption and reflection of light rays by the cavities, and the more pronounced the black appearance of the textured surface element, resulting in a strong visual contrast with the surrounding surface.

[0036] Also advantageously the ratio between the height of a main blade and the pitch between two consecutive main blades is less than or equal to 3, preferably less than or equal to 2.5. Beyond the maximum specified ratio value, the cavities are both deep and narrow, which implies that the corresponding molding element, negative of said cavities, becomes more sensitive to fouling and more difficult to clean.

[0037] Preferably, the pitch between two consecutive main blades is constant. Main blades separated by a constant pitch are molded by a molding element whose manufacture by laser engraving is simpler to program.

[0038] Advantageously, the secondary blades have the same constant height greater than or equal to 50% of the height of a main blade. A sufficient secondary blade height allows for a network of clearly defined cavities, therefore effective from the point of view of their function of absorption and reflection of light rays. In addition, this makes it possible to attenuate the directional effect of the main blades and to obtain a significantly bidirectional blade network.

[0039] Also advantageously, two consecutive secondary blades are spaced apart by a pitch less than or equal to 0.40 mm. As for the main blades, a limited pitch, combined with a limited blade height, makes it possible to have a cavity shape ratio, defined as the cavity depth / cavity width ratio, which is efficient with regard to the trapping of light rays by successive rebounds on the cavity walls.

[0040] Advantageously, two consecutive secondary blades are spaced apart by a pitch greater than or equal to 0.10 mm.

[0041] Advantageously, the ratio between the height of a secondary blade and the pitch between two consecutive secondary blades is greater than or equal to 1, preferably greater than or equal to 1.5 and even more preferably at least equal to 2. As for the main blades, the higher this ratio, the more marked the phenomenon of absorption and reflection of light rays by the cavities, and the more marked the black appearance of the textured surface element, resulting in a strong visual contrast with the surrounding surface.

[0042] Also advantageously the ratio between the height of a secondary blade and the pitch between two consecutive secondary blades is less than or equal to 3, preferably less than or equal to 2.5. As for the main blades, beyond the maximum ratio value specified, the cavities are both deep and narrow, which means that the corresponding molding element, negative of said cavities, becomes more sensitive to fouling and more difficult to clean.

[0043] Preferably, the pitch between two consecutive secondary blades is constant. As with the main blades, laser engraving of the molding element is easier to program.

[0044] The secondary blades are always preferably perpendicular to the main blades. The two main technical advantages are, on the one hand, the simplicity of programming the laser engraving of the molding element, and, on the other hand, the orthogonal bidirectionality of the network of main and secondary blades respectively.

[0045] Advantageously, the texture of the high-contrast textured surface element has a first brightness L*1 less than or equal to 15, preferably less than or equal to 13 and even more preferably less than or equal to 10.

[0046] Brightness can be quantified by luminous luminance, expressed in candela / m 2 , which measures the luminous flux coming from an illuminated surface that is reflected in the observer's eye. But the relationship between luminous luminance and the visual perception of brightness is not linear and is complex. This is why, on a practical level, the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) has defined the luminosity L*, a parameter that characterizes the capacity of a surface to reflect light, from the luminous luminance of the light produced by a primary or secondary source, expressed in candelas per square meter (cd / m 2), relative to the luminous luminance of white taken as a reference. Thus, the luminosity L* is expressed according to a scale ranging from 0 to 100 in accordance with the L*a*b* colorimetric model adopted in 1976 by the International Commission on Illumination. The value 100 represents white or total reflection and the value 0 represents black or total absorption.

[0047] The lower the brightness of the textured surface element in the new condition of the tire, the greater the visual contrast for a given brightness of an adjacent smooth surface portion, and the more this contrast will remain at a significant level over time on the aged tire. Indeed, over time, this first brightness L*1 of the textured surface element tends to increase due, for example, to dust, dirt, or aging of the material. Furthermore, in In this brightness range, we have a good contrast with any portion of adjacent smooth surface, which, in usual tire designs, has a brightness most often between 24 and 28. It should be noted that a texture with a first brightness L*l, typically at least equal to 9, is easier to produce, but the visual contrast is lower.

[0048] To calculate the difference between a first brightness L*1 of the texture of the high-contrast flank element and a second brightness L*2 of an adjacent flank surface portion, the first brightness L*1 and the second brightness L*2 must be measured respectively using a spectrocolorimeter, for example a KONICA-MINOLTA CM 700D spectrocolorimeter. To measure the first brightness L*1 of the texture, the spectrocolorimeter is positioned on the texture and this measurement is carried out with the SCI mode (Specular Reflection Included Mode) set at an angle of 8° and with a light setting of type D65 (setting defined according to CIE). Similarly, to measure the second brightness L*2 of an adjacent flank surface portion, the spectrocolorimeter is positioned on said flank surface portion.In order to improve the determination of this second brightness L*2, it is possible to carry out a plurality of brightness measurements on several adjacent portions of flank surface, then to deduce an associated average brightness.

[0049] Also advantageously any portion of smooth surface adjacent to the high contrast textured surface element has a second brightness L*2 greater than or equal to L* 1+5, preferably greater than or equal to L*l+10 and even more preferably greater than or equal to L*l+12.

[0050] The greater the difference in brightness between the textured surface element and any adjacent smooth surface portion, the greater the visual contrast. The greater this difference in brightness on the new tire, the more it will remain at a significant level over time on the aged tire.

[0051] Advantageously, any portion of smooth surface adjacent to the high-contrast textured surface element has a second brightness L*2 greater than or equal to 18, preferably greater than or equal to 22. This range of brightness values ​​is usual for a smooth tire surface.

[0052] Another object of the invention is a molding element intended for shaping by vulcanization a high-contrast textured surface element of a tire according to any of the embodiments of the tire previously described, the molding element comprising, on a molding surface, a negative texture complementary to the texture of the tire. Such a molding element, a shape complementary to the textured surface element, has the advantage of not having isolated low points, sensitive to fouling during successive tire curings, these isolated low points often being observed on networks of crossed grooves obtained by laser engraving. In other words, it makes it possible to obtain a textured surface element whose cavities have a good capacity for absorbing and reflecting light rays. Such a molding element requires a lower cleaning frequency, which is a gain from the point of view of industrial organization.

[0053] Preferably, the molding element according to the invention is produced by laser engraving. Laser engraving allows the production of a two-dimensional network of good quality molding lamellae, in the dimensional texture range described and claimed.

[0054] The characteristics of the texture constituting a high-contrast flank element according to the invention are illustrated by schematic figures 1 to 10, but not necessarily represented to scale: -Figure 1: Perspective view of a portion of a tire comprising an outer sidewall surface with high-contrast textured surface elements of the state of the art, -Figure 2: Perspective view of a portion of a tire comprising an outer sidewall surface and an outer tread surface with high-contrast textured surface elements of the state of the art, -Figure 3: Half-meridian section of a tire comprising an outer sidewall surface with a high-contrast textured surface element according to the invention, comprising a first family of main blades and a second family of secondary blades, -Figure 4: Perspective view of a portion of tire comprising an outer tread surface with a high-contrast textured surface element according to the invention, comprising a first family of main blades and a second family of secondary blades, -Figure 5: Perspective view of a texture of a high-contrast textured surface element comprising a first family of main blades and a second family of secondary blades, according to a first embodiment of the invention, -Figure 6: Perspective view of a texture of a high-contrast textured surface element comprising a first family of main blades and a second family of secondary blades, according to a second embodiment of the invention, -Figure 7: Perspective view of a texture of a high-contrast textured surface element comprising a first family of main blades and a second family of secondary blades, according to a third embodiment of the invention, -Figure 8: Constitution of a texture of a high-contrast textured surface element, according to the first embodiment of the invention, by superimposing a first family of main blades and a second family of secondary blades, -Figure 9: Perspective view of a molding element intended for shaping by vulcanization a high-contrast textured surface element of a tire according to the invention, in complementary negative of the texture of the tire, -Figure 10: Top view of a molding element intended for shaping by molding a high-contrast textured surface element of a tire according to the invention, in a negative complementary to the texture of the tire.

[0055] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a tire portion 1 comprising an outer sidewall surface 21 with high-contrast textured surface elements 3 of the prior art. In the case shown, the texture fills or surrounds a graphic element.

[0056] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a tire portion 1 comprising an outer sidewall surface 21 and an outer tread surface 22 with high-contrast textured surface elements 3 of the prior art. On the outer sidewall surface, a circular band of high-contrast texture extends over at least a portion of the circumference. On the outer tread surface 22, the bottoms of the tread cutouts are coated with a high-contrast texture over the entire circumference of the tire.

[0057] Figure 3 is a half meridian section of a tire comprising an outer sidewall surface 21 with a high contrast textured surface element 3 according to the invention, comprising a first family of main blades 4 and a second family of secondary blades 5 crossed between them so as to form a two-dimensional network. The main blades 4, rectilinear and substantially parallel to each other, have the same constant height less than or equal to 1.00 mm. The secondary blades 5, rectilinear and substantially parallel to each other, have the same constant height greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 100% of the height of a main blade 4. In addition, the secondary blades 5 are perpendicular to the main blades 4.

[0058] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a tire portion 1 comprising an outer tread surface 22 with a high-contrast textured surface element 3 according to the invention, comprising a first family of main blades 4 and a second family of secondary blades 5, crossed together so as to form a two-dimensional network. The main blades 4, rectilinear and substantially parallel to each other, have the same constant height less than or equal to 1.00 mm, two consecutive main blades 4 being spaced apart by a constant pitch less than or equal to 0.50 mm. The secondary blades 5, rectilinear and substantially parallel to each other, have the same constant height greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 100% of the height of a main blade 4, two consecutive secondary blades 5 being spaced apart by a pitch less than or equal to 0.50 mm. In addition, the secondary blades 5 are perpendicular to the main blades 4.The high contrast texture is positioned in the background of the tread cutouts.

[0059] Figure 5 is a perspective view of a texture of a high-contrast textured surface element 3 comprising a first family of main blades 4 and a second family of secondary blades 5, according to a first embodiment of the invention. The main blades 4, rectilinear and substantially parallel to each other, have the same constant height H1 less than or equal to 1.00 mm, two consecutive main blades 4 being spaced apart by a constant pitch PI less than or equal to 0.50 mm. The secondary blades 5, rectilinear and substantially parallel to each other, have the same constant height H2 equal to 70% of the height H1 of a main blade 4, two consecutive secondary blades 5 being spaced apart by a pitch less than or equal to 0.50 mm, equal to the pitch PI separating two main blades 4. In addition, the secondary blades 5 are perpendicular to the main blades 4, and as shown in Figure 5, the secondary blades 5 are interrupted at each intersection with the main blades 4.

[0060] Figure 6 is a perspective view of a texture of a high-contrast textured surface element 3 comprising a first family of main blades 4 and a second family of secondary blades 5, according to a second embodiment of the invention. The texture shown in Figure 6 differs from that of Figure 4 by the constant height H2 of the secondary blades 5 equal to 30% of the height H1 of a main blade 4.

[0061] Figure 7 is a perspective view of a texture of a high-contrast textured surface element 3 comprising a first family of main blades 4 and a second family of secondary blades 5, according to a third embodiment of the invention. The texture shown in Figure 7 differs from that of Figure 4 by the constant height H2 of the secondary blades 5 equal to 90% of the height H1 of a main blade 4.

[0062] Figure 8 shows the constitution of a texture of a high contrast textured surface element 3, according to the first embodiment of the invention of Figure 5, by superposition of a first family of main blades 4 and a second family of secondary blades 5.

[0063] Figure 9 is a perspective view of a molding element 7 intended for shaping by molding a high-contrast textured surface element of a tire according to the invention, in a negative complementary to the texture of the tire. The grooves 8 are intended to mold the main blades 4, while the grooves 9 are intended to mold the secondary blades 5. The metal molding element 7 is preferably produced by laser engraving.

[0064] Figure 10 is a top view of a molding element 7 intended for shaping by molding a high-contrast textured surface element of a tire according to the invention, in a negative complementary to the texture of the tire.

[0065] As an example, Table 1 below shows the characteristics of a high contrast texture according to the invention: [Table 1]

[0066] For the example described above, the texture of the high-contrast textured surface element has a first brightness L*l, equal to 8, therefore less than 15, and even 10, while the smooth surface portion adjacent to the high-contrast textured surface element has a second brightness L*2 equal to 20, therefore greater than L*l+5 = 13 and even equal to L*l+12=20.

Claims

Claims 1. A tire (1) for a vehicle, comprising, on an outer sidewall (21) or tread (22) surface, at least one high-contrast textured surface element (3) consisting of a texture comprising at least two families of blades (4, 5), in relief relative to the outer sidewall (21) or tread (22) surface, and crossed between them so as to form an at least two-dimensional network, characterized in that a first family of blades comprises rectilinear blades called main blades (4), having the same constant height (Hl) less than or equal to 1.00 mm, two consecutive main blades (4) being substantially parallel to each other and spaced apart by a pitch (PI) less than or equal to 0.50 mm, and in that a second family of blades comprises rectilinear blades called secondary blades (5), having the same constant height (H2) greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 100% of the height (Hl) of a main blade (4), two consecutive secondary blades (5) being substantially parallel to each other and spaced apart by a pitch (P2) less than or equal to 0.50 mm.

2. Tire (1) according to claim 1, in which the main blades (4) have the same constant height (Hl) less than or equal to 0.80 mm, preferably less than or equal to 0.50 mm.

3. Tire (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, in which the main blades (4) have the same constant height (Hl) greater than or equal to 0.10 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 0.20 mm and even more preferably greater than or equal to 0.25 mm.

4. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which two consecutive main blades (4) are spaced apart by a pitch (PI) less than or equal to 0.40 mm.

5. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which two consecutive main blades (4) are spaced apart by a pitch (PI) greater than or equal to 0.10 mm.

6. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the ratio Hl / Pl between the height (Hl) of a main blade (4) and the pitch (PI) between two blades main (4) consecutive is greater than or equal to 1, preferably greater than or equal to 1.5 and even more preferably greater than or equal to 2.

7. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the ratio Hl / Pl between the height (Hl) of a main blade (4) and the pitch (PI) between two consecutive main blades (4) is less than or equal to 3, preferably less than or equal to 2.

5.

8. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which the pitch (PI) between two consecutive main blades (4) is constant.

9. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, in which the secondary blades (5) have the same constant height (H2) greater than or equal to 50% of the height (H1) of a main blade (4).

10. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, in which two consecutive secondary blades (5) are spaced apart by a pitch (P2) less than or equal to 0.40 mm.

11. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, in which two consecutive secondary blades (5) are spaced apart by a pitch (P2) greater than or equal to 0.10 mm.

12. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, in which the ratio H2 / P2 between the height (H2) of a secondary blade (5) and the pitch (P2) between two consecutive secondary blades (5) is greater than or equal to 1, preferably greater than or equal to 1.5 and even more preferably at least equal to 2.

13. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, in which the ratio H2 / P2 between the height (H2) of a secondary blade (5) and the pitch (P2) between two consecutive secondary blades (5) is less than or equal to 3, preferably less than or equal to 2.

5.

14. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, in which the pitch (P2) between two consecutive secondary blades (5) is constant.

15. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, in which the secondary blades (5) are perpendicular to the main blades (4).

16. Tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the texture of the high contrast textured surface element (3) has a first brightness L*1 less than or equal to 15, preferably less than or equal to 13 and even more preferably less than or equal to 10.

17. Tire (1) according to claim 16, wherein any smooth surface portion (6) adjacent to the high contrast textured surface element (3) has a second brightness L*2 greater than or equal to L*l+5, preferably greater than or equal to L*l+10 and even more preferably greater than or equal to L*l+12.

18. A tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein any smooth surface portion (6) adjacent to the high contrast textured surface element (3) has a second brightness L*2 greater than or equal to 18, preferably greater than or equal to 22.

19. Molding element (7) intended for shaping by molding a high-contrast textured surface element (3) of a tire (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, the molding element comprising, on a molding surface, a texture (8) in negative complementary to the texture of the tire.

20. Molding element (7) according to claim 19 produced by laser engraving.

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