Electric vehicle charging station and method and system for thermal management thereof

Abstract

Disclosed is method for thermal management of electric vehicle charging station (202, 300) comprising charging points (204, 302) each having power modules (206, 304) and energy storage system (ESS) (210, 306) being coupled to each other by means of fluid transfer circuit (212, 312). The method comprising determining current temperature of ESS; determining amount of heat losses generated by power modules, and based on determination, changing operational parameters of power modules to generate more heat losses when current temperature is below optimal operation temperature of ESS; generate less heat losses when current temperature is above optimal operation temperature of ESS; collecting, by first heat exchanger (218, 314), heat losses generated by power modules and transferring heat losses to working fluid of fluid transfer circuit; and transferring working fluid, through fluid transfer circuit, to second heat exchanger (220, 316) arranged in thermal connection with energy storage (222, 308) of ESS.

Description

[0001] ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATION AND METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THERMAL MANAGEMENT THEREOF

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates to methods for thermal management of electric vehicle charging stations. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to systems for thermal management of electric vehicle charging stations. Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to electric vehicle charging stations.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] In recent times, there has been a transformative surge in Electric Vehicle (EV) charging methods towards high-power solutions. Moreover, with escalating charging voltages and power requirements for passenger cars and larger vehicles (such as, trucks and buses), demand for efficient electrical conversion processes has become paramount. The charging voltages are sourced from a grid or energy storage systems and the electrical conversion processes unavoidably introduce losses in the form of heat, within charging equipment. The existing high-power Electric Vehicle charging methods address the challenge of heat loss through forced air cooling and liquid-cooled systems.

[0006] However, the existing high-power EV charging methods face a common limitation that the generated heat is predominantly dissipated into surrounding air, treating the generated heat as a waste by-product. The existing solution of mitigating heat losses lacks a holistic strategy to leverage the generated heat efficiently. Furthermore, the existing energy conversion systems primarily focus on heat management and employing methods to extract the heat from electronic components. Current practices of heat management include heating of battery units using electrical elements or transferring heat from the electronic components to the battery unit. However, these methods face challenges such as electrical heating elements add complexity and cost to the battery units. Moreover, when considering the transfer of heat from electronics, a limitation arises which is, the amount of heat that can be obtained from the heat source (such as electronics) is inherently restricted by the efficiency of the electronic components.

[0007] Therefore, in light of the foregoing discussion, there exists a need to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.

[0008] SUMMARY

[0009] The aim of the present disclosure is to provide a method, a system and an electric vehicle charging station to store or transfer the generated thermal energy into a usable form. The aim of the present disclosure is achieved by a method, a system and an electric vehicle charging station for thermal management as defined in the appended independent claims to which reference is made to. Advantageous features are set out in the appended dependent claims.

[0010] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words "comprise" , "include", "have", and "contain" and variations of these words, for example "comprising" and "comprises" , mean "including but not limited to", and do not exclude other components, items, integers or steps not explicitly disclosed also to be present. Moreover, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] FIG. 1 is an illustration of a flowchart depicting steps of a method for thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a system for thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station is used, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0013] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an electric vehicle charging station, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0015] The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognize that other embodiments for carrying out or practising the present disclosure are also possible.

[0016] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station comprising one or more charging points each having one or more power modules, and an energy storage system being coupled to each other by means of a fluid transfer circuit, the method comprising: determining a current temperature of the energy storage system; determining an amount of heat losses generated by the one or more power modules, and based on the determination, changing operational parameters of the one or more power modules to: generate more heat losses when the current temperature is below an optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system, and generate less heat losses when the current temperature is above the optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system; collecting, by at least one first heat exchanger, heat losses generated by the one or more power modules and transferring the heat losses to a working fluid of the fluid transfer circuit; and transferring the working fluid, through the fluid transfer circuit, to at least one second heat exchanger arranged in thermal connection with an energy storage of the energy storage system.

[0017] The present disclosure provides an aforementioned method that improves thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station. Moreover, determining the current temperature of the energy storage system and the amount of heat losses generated by the power modules, facilitates to optimize the charging process and enhance energy efficiency of the electric vehicle charging station. Moreover, changing the operational parameters of the power modules provide an efficient control of the heat generation, utilize the thermal energy purposefully and ensure maintaining an optimal temperature for the energy storage system. Furthermore, transferring the working fluid through the fluid transfer circuit allows the captured heat to be transported to subsequent stages of the charging process utilization rather than being dissipated into the surrounding environment.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a system for thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station comprising one or more charging points each having one or more power modules, and an energy storage system being coupled to each other by means of a fluid transfer circuit, the system comprising: at least one temperature sensor arranged in the energy storage system; and at least one processor communicably coupled to the at least one temperature sensor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: determine a current temperature of the energy storage system, based on sensor data collected by the at least one temperature sensor; determine an amount of heat losses generated by the one or more power modules, and based on the determination, change operational parameters of the one or more power modules to: generate more heat losses when the current temperature is below an optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system, and generate less heat losses when the current temperature is above the optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system; control at least one first heat exchanger to collect heat losses generated by the one or more power modules and to transfer the heat losses to a working fluid of the fluid transfer circuit; and control the fluid transfer circuit to transfer the working fluid therethrough, to at least one second heat exchanger arranged in thermal connection with an energy storage of the energy storage system.

[0019] The present disclosure provides an aforementioned system that improves thermal management of the electric vehicle charging station. Moreover, the at least one temperature sensor ensures precise monitoring of the current temperature of the energy storage system and the amount of heat losses generated by the power modules. The at least one processor analyzes real-time temperature data and optimize the charging process (likely conversion process) and enhance energy efficiency of the electric vehicle charging station. Moreover, changing the operational parameters of the power modules provide an efficient control of the heat generation, utilize the thermal energy purposefully and ensure an optimal temperature is maintained for the energy storage system. Furthermore, the at least one processor transfers the working fluid through the fluid transfer circuit and allows the captured heat to be transported to subsequent stages of the charging process and utilizes excess heat rather than being dissipated into the surrounding environment.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides an electric vehicle charging station comprising: one or more charging points, each having one or more power modules that are configured to be used for charging one or more electric vehicles; an energy storage system having an energy storage; at least one temperature sensor arranged in the energy storage system; a fluid transfer circuit having in use, a working fluid; at least one first heat exchanger arranged in thermal connection with the one or more power modules; and at least one second heat exchanger arranged in thermal connection with the energy storage of the energy storage system, wherein when the electric vehicle charging station is in use, at least one processor is configured implement steps of the method of any of claims 1-7, for thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station.

[0021] The present disclosure provides an aforementioned electric vehicle charging station that improves the thermal management. Moreover, integration of the at least one temperature sensor, the fluid transfer circuit and the at least one first heat exchanger and the at least one second heat exchanger with the electric vehicle charging station, optimizes energy efficiency and offers a sustainable and effective solutions for the electric vehicle charging. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "thermal management" refers to a process of controlling and maintaining temperature (likely heat) of various components within the electric vehicle charging station. Beneficially, the thermal management of the electric vehicle charging station prevents overheating, enhance performance and extend the lifespan of the components within the electric vehicle charging station. The term "electric vehicle charging station" refers to a facility designed to supply electrical energy to charge electric vehicles. Typically, purpose of the electric vehicle charging station is to provide a convenient and accessible location for electric vehicle owners to recharge the electric vehicles. Notably, the electrical energy supplied by the electric vehicle charging station is in form of Direct Current (DC).

[0022] The term "charging points" refers to specific terminals within the electric vehicle charging station where electric vehicles can connect to the electric vehicle charging station for recharging. The term "power modules" as used herein refers to electronics components or electronics modules installed at each charging point within the electric vehicle charging station. Notably, the power modules are responsible for converting electric energy from a grid or the energy storage system in form of Alternating Current (AC) and delivering the electric energy to the electric vehicles for charging in form of the DC. Typically, the power modules may include components such as inverters, power transistors, transformers, converters and the like components that facilitate the conversion and regulation of the electric power. Moreover, the power modules play a vital role in managing the flow of electricity and ensuring efficient charging.

[0023] The term "energy storage system" as used herein refers to a storage system that stores the electrical energy for later use within the electric vehicle charging station. Typically, the energy storage system includes an energy storage unit (such as a battery) designed to store surplus energy during periods of low demand or high generation. The term "fluid transfer circuit" refers to a closed-loop circuit that circulates the working fluid to manage heat generated within the electric vehicle charging station. Notably, the fluid transfer circuit helps to maintain optimal operating temperatures for the one or more power modules within the one or more charging points, by continuously circulating the coolant and facilitating heat transfer. Notably, the one or more charging points and the energy storage system being coupled to each other refers to a physical or functional connection between the one or more charging points and the energy storage system. Typically, when the two or more components are coupled, that means the components are linked and interconnected in a way that allows the one or more charging points and the energy storage system to work together and transfer energy from the energy storage system to the one or more charging points. Moreover, the energy storage system is coupled to the one or more charging points through the fluid transfer circuit which ensures the circulation of the working fluid for the thermal management between the energy storage system and the one or more charging points.

[0024] In addition to the thermal coupling to each other by means of the fluid transfer the charging point (and its power modules) can provide electricity for charging batteries of the energy storage system. In that regards the one or more power modules of the charging points are electrically connected to the energy storage system. Alternatively, the energy storage system might have its dedicated power module or modules, which can be used to store electricity to to energy storage system (batteries). Further technical effect of having the energy storage system as part of the system is that the energy storage system can be used as load balancing purposes. As an example, in case a larger amount of electricity is needed by electric car than available from grid, electricity from the (batteries of) the energy storage system can be used by the charging point. Further alternatively energy from the batteries of the energy storage system can be used when price of electricity from the grid is higher than it was when charging the batteries. Indeed the energy storage system can be both charged and discharged (used) by charging point or the electric charging station.

[0025] The term "current temperature" indicates present thermal condition of the energy storage system at a current point in time. Notably, the current temperature reflects how hot or cold the energy storage system is in realtime. Typically, determining the current temperature involves assessing and quantifying the temperature of the energy storage system in the realtime. The current temperature determination is likely carried out using at least one temperature sensor, strategically placed within or in proximity to the energy storage system. The at least one temperature sensor can measure the current temperature and provide data to the electric vehicle charging station. Moreover, the current temperature is crucial for making decisions related to the thermal management and ensuring that the energy storage system operates within the optimal temperature ranges for the efficient and safe performance.

[0026] The term "heat losses" refers to dissipation of the thermal energy generated during the energy conversion process in the one or more power modules. Typically, the heat losses occur due to various factors such as electrical resistance, inefficiencies in the conversion process and other dissipative mechanisms. Notably, the heat losses represent energy that is not effectively utilized by the one or more power modules for the intended purpose (such as charging the electric vehicles) but is instead released into the surrounding environment. It will be appreciated that the "amount of heat losses" quantifies the magnitude of the thermal energy dissipated in the one or more power modules. The amount of heat losses is a numerical value that reflects the quantity of the energy that has been converted into the heat and is no longer available for charging the electric vehicles. Moreover, the amount of heat losses can be determined through the at least one temperature sensor or monitoring devices that measure temperature differentials and electrical characteristics associated with the one or more power modules. The term "operational parameters" as used herein refers to adjustable parameters or characteristics that control the functioning of the one or more power modules within the one or more charging points. Typically, the operational parameters may include variables such as power output of the one or more power modules, duration of the charging process, and the like. Notably, the operational parameters are changed to actively manage the thermal energy generated in the one or more power modules in the electric vehicle charging station. Advantageously, changing the operational parameters optimizes a use of the heat losses and allows for more efficient use of the incoming electricity which leads to faster charging and reduce energy waste.

[0027] Optionally, changing the operational parameters of the one or more power modules comprises changing allocation of the one or more power modules. The term "changing allocation" refers to an act of modifying the distribution or assignment of power load among the one or more power modules. Beneficially, changing the allocation of the one or more power modules facilitates improved thermal management and increased reliability, in case if one power module experiences a temporary issue, the energy storage system can adjust allocation to utilize the remaining functional power modules from amongst the one or more power modules. For example, in a scenario where a user requires 150kW for charging the electric vehicle, the allocation of the one or more power modules is changed to utilize 3 power modules, each capable of producing 50kW, resulting in specific losses and generate heat, where the thermal losses amount to 3x800W, totaling 1.6kW. Alternatively, the allocation of the one or more power modules is changed to utilize 6 power modules, each rated at 50kW and running at 50% of the maximum load, where the thermal losses amount to 6x500W, totaling 3kW. The configuration of 6 power modules generates more heat than the previous configuration. The aforementioned example showcases the capability to balance overall conversion efficiency and the generated heat energy, providing adaptability in choosing the module configurations for the optimal thermal management. A technical effect of changing the allocation of the one or more power modules in response to thermal conditions, is a more adaptable and responsive thermal management of the electric vehicle charging station. Moreover, changing the allocation of the one or more power modules allows the electric vehicle charging station to efficiently balance the generation of the heat losses with the needs of the energy storage system, optimizing overall performance and resource utilization. Moreover, with different configuration of allocated modules, one can balance with the overall conversion efficiency and the generated heat energy that can be used for different purpose. Furthermore, by changing the allocation of the one or more power modules, the electric vehicle charging station can maintain functionality even if some power modules experience temporary problems. As a further example of targeting to get 150kW of electricity one could allocate one lOOkW module with thermal losses of 2kW (2% losses) and one 50kW module with 800W thermal losses thus generating 2.8kW of thermal energy. Indeed, by selecting from set of power modules different permutation of power modules allows, firstly to provide required electrical output for the electrical vehicle which ie. being charged and secondly allows to define how much thermal energy is generated. Technical effect of this is that we can control temperature of the energy storage system (batteries) without needing separate heating elements.

[0028] Optionally, changing the operational parameters of the one or more power modules comprises changing control parameters of a single power module. The term "control parameters" refers to specific parameters that influence the operation of the single power module amongst the one or more power modules and the power conversion process associated with the single power module within the electric vehicle charging station. Typically, the control parameters can include, but are not limited to, factors such as voltage levels, current limits, frequency of operation and the like adjustable parameters that govern the functioning of the single power module. Notably, changing the control parameters allows for the adjustment and fine-tuning of the single power module's behavior to achieve desired outcomes such as generating more or less heat loss based on the thermal management requirements of the electric vehicle charging station. A technical effect is that changing the control parameters of the single power module can influence an overall heat loss generation within the one or more charging points. For example, reducing the switching frequency might decrease the heat loss generation in the single power module, potentially impacting the thermal balance. Moreover, changing the control parameters of the single power module can lead to increased efficiency for the single power module. Further, in case needing to generate excess heat increasing the switching frequency might increase the heat loss generation in the single power module. This way we decrease efficiency of a module, but we are able to generate heat to heat up energy storage system.

[0029] The term "optimal operation temperature" refers to a temperature at which the energy storage system and the one or more components of the electric vehicle charging station operate most efficiently. Notably, the energy storage system operates most efficiently at the optimal operation temperature, delivering the most efficient power output for charging the electric vehicles. It may be appreciated the operational parameters of the one or more power modules are changed to intentionally increase the amount of heat losses generated during the operation of the electric vehicle charging station, when the current temperature of the energy storage system is below the optimal operation temperature. Moreover, the purpose of generating more heat losses is linked to the thermal management of the electric vehicle charging station. Notably, the current temperature being below the optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system implies that the more heat losses can be generated without a risk of overheating the energy storage system. Beneficially, generation of the more heat losses enable to use the generated more heat losses for other purposes (such as thermal heat supply), rather than being dissipated in the environment. As an example, if the energy storage system is for storing electricity to Lithium-ion batteries of the energy storage system optimum operation temperature is between 20-25 degrees Celsius. If temperature is below 20 charging speed slows down and if it is above the range, it might have impact on how many charging rounds the batteries last. Furthermore, optimum temperature for using the batteries to provide electricity can be between 15-35 degrees Celsius. Indeed, one technical benefit of the arrangement is that it is possible to keep the energy storage on right temperature depending on need to charge or use energy from the storage. I.e if the energy storage is planned to be charged its optimum target temperate would be set to 20-25 degrees and if it would be used to provide electricity (to electric car or the charging point / modules) optimum temperature range can differ (for example 15-35 degrees).

[0030] Notably, the operational parameters of the one or more power modules are changed to intentionally reduce the amount of heat losses during the operation of the electric vehicle charging station when the current temperature of the energy storage system is above the optimal operation temperature. Moreover, the purpose of generating less heat losses is linked to the thermal management of the electric vehicle charging station. By intentionally reducing the heat losses, the energy storage system can, regulate and control the temperature of the one or more components, prevent overheating and ensures the one or more components operates within the desired optimal operation temperature range. Moreover, maintaining the current temperature of the energy storage system at the optimal level is crucial for efficient charging and overall health of the energy storage system. Beneficially, generation of less heat losses helps to bring down the temperature level of the energy storage system to the optimal level and prevents the energy storage system from being too hot, which might impact the performance and efficiency of the energy storage system. Furthermore, the heat losses signify wasted energy and reducing the heat losses allows for more efficient use of the incoming electricity for charging the electric vehicle.

[0031] The term "first heat exchanger" refers to a component designed to facilitate the exchange of heat between the one or more power modules and the working fluid. Herein, the term "first" refers to the primary heat exchanger that is responsible for capturing the heat from the one or more power modules. It may be appreciated that the term "at least one first heat exchanger" indicates that in an embodiment, a number of the first heat exchanger can be one and in other embodiment the number of the first heat exchanger can be more than one. Moreover, the at least one first heat exchanger is involved in the extraction and the collection process of the heat losses generated by the one or more power modules. The term "working fluid" as used herein refers to a fluid that circulates within the fluid transfer circuit. Notably, the working fluid absorbs the collected heat losses and transports the collected heat losses through the fluid transfer circuit. It will be appreciated that the working fluid can exist in different forms such as liquid form or gaseous form. Moreover, the ability of the working fluid to absorb or release the heat losses is characterized by a specific heat capacity of the working fluid. The process of collecting and transferring the heat losses, generated by the one or more power modules, is implemented for the thermal management of electric vehicle charging station and ensure effective utilization of the heat losses generated during the charging process rather than letting the heat losses go to waste. Notably, by collecting the heat losses from the one or more power modules, the one or more power modules are prevented from overheating, which can damage the one or more power modules and compromise safety.

[0032] The term "second heat exchanger" refers that component in the energy storage system that facilitates the transfer of heat between the working fluid and the energy storage of the energy storage system. It will be appreciated that the "at least one second heat exchanger" refers to "single second heat exchanger" in some implementations, and "plurality of second heat exchangers" in other implementations. Notably, the at least one second heat exchanger enables to transfer the heat losses from the working fluid to the energy storage. The transfer of heat losses helps to cool down the working fluid after it has collected the heat losses from the one or more power modules (via the at least one first heat exchanger). The cooling allows the working fluid to efficiently continue collecting the heat losses from the one or more power modules in a continuous cycle. The term "thermal connection" refers to a contact or a physical connection that acts as an effective means of heat exchange between the at least one second heat exchanger and the energy storage of the energy storage system. Notably, the thermal connection enables the controlled transfer of the generated heat losses from the working fluid circulating in the fluid transfer circuit to the energy storage. The term "energy storage" as used herein refers to the component of the energy storage system that is responsible for storing the heat losses, generated by the one or more power modules. Optionally, the energy storage may include batteries, super capacitors and flywheels.

[0033] Optionally, the method further comprises transferring heat between the at least one first heat exchanger and the at least one second heat exchanger through the fluid transfer circuit. In this regard, the purpose of transferring the heat between these heat exchangers is to manage and redistribute the heat losses generated during the operation of the one or more power modules in the electric vehicle charging station. Subsequently, by moving the heat from where it is collected (i.e., the at least one first heat exchanger) to where it can be utilized or dissipated (i.e., the at least one second heat exchanger), the energy storage system optimize the temperature conditions and overall energy efficiency of the electric vehicle charging station. A technical effect is that the heat losses generated during the charging process is effectively managed. Beneficially, the transferred heat enables to cool down the one or more power modules when the one or more power modules becomes overheated. By transferring the heat between the heat exchangers, the energy storage system distributes the thermal load more evenly throughout the circuit.

[0034] Optionally, when it is determined that less heat losses should be generated and the operational parameters do not allow to generate less heat, the method further comprises transferring the working fluid, to at least one third heat exchanger arranged in thermal connection with a thermal energy storage. The term "third heat exchanger" as used herein refers to an additional heat exchanger component within the fluid transfer circuit specifically designed to remove heat from the working fluid when needed. Notably, the at least one third heat exchanger is employed in scenarios where less heat generation is desired and the operational parameters of the one or more modules prevent a direct reduction. Moreover, the at least third heat exchanger provides an alternative route for the working fluid, allowing efficient dissipation or storage of the excess thermal energy. The term "thermal energy storage" refers to the storage unit that captures and stores the thermal energy, generated by the one or more power modules, for later use. Notably, the thermal energy storage act as a heat sink for the at least one third heat exchanger. Typically, the thermal energy storage involves collecting the excess heat generated during the conversion process and storing the excess heat in a medium that can release the thermal energy when needed. Moreover, the transfer may involve a phase change or a change in the state of the material within the thermal storage, effectively capturing the thermal energy. Furthermore, at a later stage, when the demand for the thermal energy arises or when conditions are optimal, the stored thermal energy can be retrieved from the thermal energy storage. The retrieval may involve reversing the phase change or releasing the stored thermal heat. A technical effect is to offer a contingency plan for the thermal management in the electric vehicle charging station. Subsequently, the thermal connection with the thermal energy storage allows for efficient utilization of the excess heat or storage for later use, contributing to enhanced overall thermal management.

[0035] Optionally, the method further comprises transferring heat between the at least one first heat exchanger and the at least one third heat exchanger through the fluid transfer circuit. The fluid transfer circuit, which circulates the working fluid, facilitates the transfer of the heat between the at least one first heat exchanger and the at least one third heat exchanger. The working fluid act as a carrier of the thermal energy. The heat transfer mechanism involves collecting the excess heat from the one or more power modules through the at least one first heat exchanger and directing the excess heat to the at least one third heat exchanger for the storage. The purpose of transferring the heat between the at least one first heat exchanger and the at least one third heat exchanger is to manage the thermal energy within the electric vehicle charging station efficiently. In situations where less heat losses are desired to be generated and the operational parameters limit direct reduction, transferring heat to the at least one third heat exchanger allows for alternative storage in the thermal energy storage. A technical effect is the efficient redistribution of excess heat generated during the charging process, by transferring the heat from the at least one first heat exchanger to the at least one third heat exchanger. This helps to reduce the temperature of the working fluid returning to the one or more power modules, potentially allowing for more efficient heat absorption from the one or more power modules.

[0036] Optionally, the method further comprising transferring heat between the at least one second heat exchanger and the at least one third heat exchanger through the fluid transfer circuit. In this regard, transferring the heat from the at least one second heat exchanger to the at least one third heat exchanger can provide an alternative pathway for further heat dissipation. The at least one third heat exchanger might be positioned in a location with better heat exchange capabilities or connected to the thermal energy storage with a higher capacity for the heat absorption. Conversely, if the working fluid temperature is insufficient to effectively warm the energy storage of the energy storage system, transferring this heat to the at least one third heat exchanger is a possible solution. A technical effect is to enhance flexibility in the thermal management of the thermal state of the energy storage, by enabling the heat transfer between the at least one second heat exchanger and the at least third heat exchanger. The transfer can dissipate the excess heat from the energy storage through the at least one third heat exchanger.

[0037] The present disclosure also relates to the system as described above. Various embodiments and variants disclosed above, with respect to the aforementioned method, apply mutatis mutandis to the system.

[0038] The term "temperature sensor" refers to a device that detects and converts temperature changes into a measurable electrical signal. Notably, the electrical signal is used by the at least one temperature sensor to determine the temperature of the energy storage system. It will be appreciated that the "at least one temperature sensor" refers to "single temperature sensor" in some implementations, and "plurality of temperature sensors" in other implementations. Typically, the at least one temperature sensor may include thermistors, thermocouples, RTDs (Resistance Temperature Detectors) and the like. The term "arranged" indicates an intentional placement or positioning of the at least one temperature sensor within the energy storage system. Notably, the at least one temperature sensor continuously monitor the temperature of the one or more components within the energy storage system. The data from the at least one temperature sensor enables the at least one processor to determine the thermal state of the energy storage system. The term "processor" as used herein refers to a computational element that is operable to execute instructions related to the thermal management of the electric vehicle charging station. It will be appreciated that the term "at least one processor" refers to "single processor" in some implementations, and "a plurality of processors" in other implementations. Examples of the at least one processor include, but are not limited to, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, or any other type of processing circuit. Furthermore, the at least one processor may refer to one or more individual processors, processing devices and various elements associated with a processing device that may be shared by other processing devices. Additionally, one or more individual processors, processing devices and elements are arranged in various architectures for responding to and processing the instructions that execute the instructions of the system.

[0039] Optionally, the at least one processor is arranged remotely with respect to the electric vehicle charging station. The at least one processor being arranged remotely with respect to the electric vehicle charging station implies that the at least one processor is positioned at a location physically separated from the electric vehicle charging station. Typically, the at least one processor is located at a distance, possibly in a centralized control facility or in a data center. Notably, the at least one processor is connected to the electric vehicle charging station through a communication interface (wired or wireless). This enables remote monitoring and control of multiple electric vehicle charging stations by the at least one processor from a distant location, which enhance efficiency, facilitate maintenance, and provide a centralized approach to thermal management of the multiple electric vehicle charging stations. A technical effect is that a centralized thermal management is achieved, allowing for coordinated management of multiple electric vehicle charging stations. Additionally, the at least one processor can receive data from the multiple electric vehicle charging stations, analyze it, and implement optimized thermal management strategies.

[0040] Optionally, the at least one processor is arranged in the electric vehicle charging station. In this regard, the at least one processor, involved in the thermal management of the energy storage system, is physically located within the electric vehicle charging station. Notably, locating the at least one processor within the electric vehicle charging station provides a local processing resource for immediate control and response. The at least one processor being arranged in the electric vehicle is advantageous for real-time decision-making and rapid adjustments of the operations related to the thermal management of the electric vehicle charging station. Moreover, the at least one processor can be integrated into the charging station infrastructure, possibly within a control unit or embedded in the charging equipment. A technical effect is that the at least one processor is able to directly oversee and manage the thermal conditions within the electric vehicle charging station and subsequently allowing for immediate response to the changes or the specific requirements. Additionally, with the at least one processor arranged in the electric vehicle charging station, there is potentially lower latency in the processing data and implementing control measures compared to the at least one processor arranged remotely with respect to the electric vehicle charging station.

[0041] The present disclosure also relates to the electric vehicle charging station as described above. Various embodiments and variants disclosed above, with respect to the aforementioned method and the aforementioned system, apply mutatis mutandis to the electric vehicle charging station.

[0042] Optionally, the electric vehicle charging station further comprises at least one third heat exchanger arranged in thermal connection with a thermal energy storage. Optionally, the electric vehicle charging station further comprises at least one processor.

[0043] Optionally, the fluid transfer circuit comprises a piping system and a plurality of flow regulators, wherein the plurality of flow regulators is controllable to transfer the working fluid from the at least one first heat exchanger to the at least one second heat exchanger. The term "piping system" refers to a network of interconnected pipes or tubes designed to transfer the working fluid (such as liquid or gases) from the at least one first heat exchanger to the at least one second heat exchanger. Typically, the pipes in a piping system are typically made of materials such as metal, plastic or composite materials, selected based on factors like the type of the working fluid being transported, temperature, pressure and other environmental conditions. Moreover, pipes in the piping system are connected using valves and the like components, which ensures a sealed and a secure transfer of the working fluid through the fluid transfer circuit. The term "plurality of flow regulators" refers to a set or a collection of valves and other control mechanisms, integrated into the fluid transfer circuit that can regulate, control or modulate the flow of the working fluid. Optionally, the plurality of flow regulators includes solenoid valves, ball valves and the like. The plurality of flow regulators enable precise control over the movement of the working fluid between one or more components, such as the at least one first heat exchanger and the at least one second heat exchanger. Moreover, the plurality of flow regulators is controlled by the at least one processor. The at least one processor receives the data from the at least one temperature sensor and sends the data in the form of control signals to adjust the settings of the plurality of flow regulators, influencing the flow rate of the working fluid. A technical effect is that a more precise control over the movement of the working fluid is achieved with the use of plurality of flow regulators in the fluid transfer circuit. Moreover, the flow of the working fluid can be directed towards the specific heat exchangers depending on the desired thermal management strategy.

[0044] Optionally, the plurality of flow regulators is also controllable to perform at least one of: transfer the working fluid from the at least one first heat exchanger to at least one third heat exchanger; transfer the working fluid between the at least one second heat exchanger and the at least one third heat exchanger.

[0045] In this regard, the plurality of flow regulators is controllable to perform additional tasks, such as transferring the working fluid from the at least one first heat exchanger to the at least one third heat exchanger and / or transferring the working fluid between the at least one second heat exchanger and the at least one third heat exchanger or both. The additional control capability of the plurality of flow regulators enables to enhance the flexibility and functionality of the thermal management in the electric vehicle charging station. By allowing the working fluid to be transferred between the different heat exchangers, the energy storage system can adapt to different thermal conditions, optimize heat distribution and further contribute to efficient thermal management. Moreover, by enabling the transfer of working fluid directly from the at least one first exchanger to the at least one third exchanger, the energy storage system can bypass the at least one second exchanger in situations where more aggressive heat removal is needed. This might be necessary when the at least one or more power modules generate a significant amount of heat. Additionally, ability to transfer fluid between the at least one second and the at least one third heat exchangers allows for more targeted heat management. For example, if the at least one second exchanger is primarily designed to dissipate heat, the flow regulators can direct hot working fluid from the at least one second exchanger towards the at least one third heat exchanger for further heat removal through the thermal energy storage arranged in the thermal connection with the at least one third heat exchanger. A technical effect is that the additional functionalities of the flow regulators allow the system to adapt its heat dissipation strategy based on real-time needs and by providing alternative pathways for the transfer of the working fluid, the energy storage system can manage situations with high heat generation from the one or more power modules more effectively.

[0046] According to an embodiment it is provided an electric charging station, wherein electricity from the energy storage is electrically coupled to one or more charging points to provide electricity during charging of the one or more electric vehicle. This helps to provide more power for electric vehicle charging and helps to reduce stress to electric grid. Also it helps for load balancing in case of having multiple charging points.

[0047] Furthermore, as an example, when no (or only a few electric vehicles or an electric vehicle which does not require full capacity of power from the electric charger) electric vehicles, are being charged the electric charging station can charge electricity to the energy storage.

[0048] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Referring to FIG. 1, illustrated is a flowchart depicting steps of a method for thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station comprising one or more charging points each having one or more power modules, and an energy storage system being coupled to each other by means of a fluid transfer circuit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. At step 102, a current temperature of the energy storage system is determined. At step 104, an amount of heat losses generated by the one or more power modules is determined and based on the determination, operation parameters of the one or more power modules are changed, to generate more heat losses when the current temperature is below an optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system and generate less heat losses when the current temperature is above the optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system. At step 106, heat losses generated by the one or more power modules are collected by at least one first heat exchanger and the heat losses are transferred to a working fluid of the fluid transfer circuit. At step 108, the working fluid is transferred through the fluid transfer circuit to at least one second heat exchanger arranged in thermal connection with an energy storage of the energy storage system.

[0050] The aforementioned steps are only illustrative and other alternatives can also be provided where one or more steps are added, one or more steps are removed, or one or more steps are provided in a different sequence without departing from the scope of the claims herein.

[0051] Referring to FIG. 2, illustrated is a schematic illustration of a system 200 for thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station 202 comprising one or more charging points 204 each having one or more power modules 206 (that are configured to be used for charging one or more electric vehicles 208) and an energy storage system 210 being coupled to each other by means of a fluid transfer circuit 212, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The system 200 comprises at least one temperature sensor (depicted as a temperature sensor 214) arranged in the energy storage system 210 and at least one processor (depicted as a processor 216) communicably coupled to the at least one temperature sensor 214. The at least one processor 216 is configured to determine a current temperature of the energy storage system 210, based on sensor data collected by the at least one temperature sensor 214 and determine an amount of heat losses generated by the one or more power modules 206, and based on the determination change operational parameters of the one or more power modules 206 to generate more heat losses when the current temperature is below an optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system 210 and generate less heat losses when the current temperature is above the optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system 210. Moreover, the at least one processor 216 is configured to control at least one first heat exchanger (depicted as a first heat exchanger 218) to collect heat losses generated by the one or more power modules 206 and to transfer the heat losses to a working fluid (not shown) of the fluid transfer circuit 212 and control the fluid transfer circuit 212 to transfer the working fluid therethrough, to at least one second heat exchanger (depicted as a second heat exchanger 220) arranged in thermal connection with an energy storage 222 of the energy storage system 210. Optionally, the electrical vehicle charging station 202 further comprises at least one third heat exchanger (depicted as a third heat exchanger 224) arranged in thermal connection with a thermal energy storage 226.

[0052] Referring to FIG. 3, illustrated is a schematic illustration of an electric vehicle charging station 300, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the electric vehicle charging station 300 comprises, one or more charging points 302 each having one or more power modules 304 that are configured to be used for charging one or more electric vehicles. Moreover, the electric vehicle charging station 300 comprises, an energy storage system 306 having an energy storage 308, at least one temperature sensor 310 arranged in the energy storage system 306, a fluid transfer circuit 312 having in use, a working fluid, at least one first heat exchanger (depicted as a first heat exchanger 314) arranged in thermal connection with the one or more power modules 304, at least one second heat exchanger (depicted as a second heat exchanger 316) arranged in thermal connection with the energy storage 308 of the energy storage system 306. Optionally, the electric vehicle charging station 300 further comprises, at least one third heat exchanger (depicted as a third heat exchanger 318) arranged in thermal connection with a thermal energy storage 320. Optionally, the electric vehicle charging station 300 further comprises the plurality of flow regulators 322A-C that are controllable to transfer the working fluid from the at least one first heat exchanger 314 to the at least one second heat exchanger 316, transfer the working fluid from the at least one first heat exchanger 314 to at least one third heat exchanger 318 and transfer the working fluid between the at least one second heat exchanger 316 and the at least one third heat exchanger 318, respectively.

[0053] Modifications to embodiments of the present disclosure described in the foregoing are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the accompanying claims. Expressions such as "including", "comprising", "incorporating", "have", "is" used to describe and claim the present disclosure are intended to be construed in a nonexclusive manner, namely allowing for items, components or elements not explicitly described also to be present. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A method for thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station (202, 300) comprising one or more charging points (204, 302) each having one or more power modules (206, 304), and an energy storage system (210, 306) being coupled to each other by means of a fluid transfer circuit (212, 312), the method comprising: determining a current temperature of the energy storage system; determining an amount of heat losses generated by the one or more power modules, and based on the determination, changing operational parameters of the one or more power modules to: generate more heat losses when the current temperature is below an optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system, and generate less heat losses when the current temperature is above the optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system; collecting, by at least one first heat exchanger (218, 314), heat losses generated by the one or more power modules and transferring the heat losses to a working fluid of the fluid transfer circuit; and transferring the working fluid, through the fluid transfer circuit, to at least one second heat exchanger (220, 316) arranged in thermal connection with an energy storage (222, 308) of the energy storage system.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein when it is determined that less heat losses should be generated and the operational parameters do not allow to generate less heat, the method further comprises transferring the working fluid, to at least one third heat exchanger (224, 318) arranged in thermal connection with a thermal energy storage (226,3. A method according to claim 1, further comprising transferring heat between the at least one first heat exchanger (218, 314) and the at least one second heat exchanger (220, 316) through the fluid transfer circuit (212, 312).

4. A method according to claim 2, further comprising transferring heat between the at least one first heat exchanger (218, 314) and the at least one third heat exchanger (224, 318) through the fluid transfer circuit (212, 312).

5. A method according to any of the previous claims 2-4, further comprising transferring heat between the at least one second heat exchanger (220, 316) and the at least one third heat exchanger (224, 318) through the fluid transfer circuit (212, 312).

6. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein changing the operational parameters of the one or more power modules (206, 304) comprises changing allocation of the one or more power modules.

7. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein changing the operational parameters of the one or more power modules (206, 304) comprises changing control parameters of a single power module.

8. A system (200) for thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station (202, 300) comprising one or more charging points (204, 302) each having one or more power modules (206, 304), and an energy storage system (210, 306) being coupled to each other by means of a fluid transfer circuit (212, 312), the system comprising: at least one temperature sensor (214, 310) arranged in the energy storage system; and at least one processor (216) communicably coupled to the at least one temperature sensor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:determine a current temperature of the energy storage system, based on sensor data collected by the at least one temperature sensor; determine an amount of heat losses generated by the one or more power modules, and based on the determination, change operational parameters of the one or more power modules to: generate more heat losses when the current temperature is below an optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system, and generate less heat losses when the current temperature is above the optimal operation temperature of the energy storage system; control at least one first heat exchanger (218, 314) to collect heat losses generated by the one or more power modules and to transfer the heat losses to a working fluid of the fluid transfer circuit; and control the fluid transfer circuit to transfer the working fluid therethrough, to at least one second heat exchanger (220, 316) arranged in thermal connection with an energy storage (222, 308) of the energy storage system.

9. A system (200) according to claim 8, wherein the at least one processor (216) is arranged remotely with respect to the electric vehicle charging station (202, 300).

10. A system (200) according to claim 8, wherein the at least one processor (216) is arranged in the electric vehicle charging station (202, 300).

11. An electric vehicle charging station (202, 300) comprising: one or more charging points (204, 302), each having one or more power modules (206, 304) that are configured to be used for charging one or more electric vehicles (208);an energy storage system (210, 306) having an energy storage (222, 308), at least one temperature sensor (214, 310) arranged in the energy storage system; a fluid transfer circuit (212, 312) having in use, a working fluid; at least one first heat exchanger (218, 314) arranged in thermal connection with the one or more power modules; and at least one second heat exchanger (220, 316) arranged in thermal connection with the energy storage of the energy storage system; wherein when the electric vehicle charging station is in use, at least one processor (216) is configured implement steps of the method of any of claims 1-7, for thermal management of an electric vehicle charging station.

12. An electric vehicle charging station (202, 300) of claim 11, further comprising at least one third heat exchanger (224, 318) arranged in thermal connection with a thermal energy storage (226, 320).

13. An electric vehicle charging station (202, 300) of claim 11 or 12, further comprising the at least one processor (216).

14. An electric vehicle charging station (202, 300) of any of claims Ills, wherein the fluid transfer circuit (212, 312) comprises a piping system and a plurality of flow regulators (322A-C), wherein the plurality of flow regulators is controllable to transfer the working fluid from the at least one first heat exchanger (218, 314) to the at least one second heat exchanger (220, 316).

15. An electric vehicle charging station (202, 300) of claim 14, wherein the plurality of flow regulators (322A-C) is also controllable to perform at least one of: transfer the working fluid from the at least one first heat exchanger (218, 314) to at least one third heat exchanger (224, 318);transfer the working fluid between the at least one second heat exchanger (220, 316) and the at least one third heat exchanger (224, 318).

16. An electric charging station wherein electricity from the energy storage is electrically coupled to one or more charging points to provide electricity during charging of the one or more electric vehicle.

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