Intercooler, plenum and intake ducts for supercharged endothermic engines

Abstract

An intercooler with plenum and intake ducts specific for supercharged endothermic engines, comprises: an intercooler housing containing a heat exchange cartridge (19, 49) internally crossed by coolant and externally lapped by compressed air pushed by an air compressor (7) suctioned into an intercooler channel (17); and has the compartment (25) of the cartridge (19, 49) in the housing (8, 9, 38) of the intercooler provided with a longitudinal opening (18) between the intercooler channel (17) and the cartridge compartment (25), while downstream of the compartment (25) there are large air passages (20) directly to a volume (21, 51) of the housing (16, 46) of a plenum, which in turn is directly connected by means of air openings (15, 45) in the plenum, which equalise the treated air, directly connected to all intake ports in the affected cylinder head(s) of the supercharged endothermic engine. Embodiments for supercharged endothermic engines with in-line or V- shaped cylinders are described.

Description

[0001] INTERCOOLER, PLENUM AND INTAKE DUCTS FOR SUPERCHARGED ENDOTHERMIC ENGINES

[0002] Field of application

[0003] The present invention relates to an intercooler with specific plenums and intake ducts for supercharged endothermic engines, i.e. a new conformation of a connection combination, between the parts known to be involved in the treatment of the intake air in the supercharged engines, which allows a considerable improvement in the performance of the engine and at the same time a reduced overall size of the accessory parts for supplying the combustion air to the engine. This feature is of particular interest for marine engines of boats in which the intercooler is usually integrated into the engine assembly itself, unlike what is applied in other types of engine units.

[0004] Prior art

[0005] The state of the art includes various constructive solutions for intercoolers with plenum and specific intake ducts for supercharged endothermic engines in which the arrangement of the intercooler-intake ducts is linked to the entrainment effect of the air at the opening of the intake valves of the engine by means of the usual branched intake manifolds to the corresponding intake ducts, whereby the air in the manifolds is passed through in jerks due to the intake of the single displacement of each engine cylinder over limited sections of the manifold.

[0006] In particular, it is known that an intercooler in the intake manifold of a supercharged endothermic engine is linked to a turbocharger, as mentioned in document US 3,881 ,455, in which the intercooler is housed inside the intake manifold out of which individual channels of the manifold flow, for the intake ports of the individual cylinders, both for an engine with in-line cylinders and for an engine with V-shaped cylinders. This arrangement leads to the intake of the necessary air volumes into each cylinder by drawing air, even if compressed, directly into the short section of the intercooler facing the intake duct geometry of the cylinder concerned.

[0007] From document US 2016 / 0237961 A1 it is known to realise an air supercharging complex with a volumetric compressor and a two-stage intercooler, placing the complex on top of and centrally to the cylinder assemblies of a V- engine. Moreover, the second stage of the intercooler is housed in a position immediately preceding the connecting ducts to the individual cylinder ports concerned, while a plenum is placed between the two different cooling stages of the intercooler. Therefore, even though this embodiment is 40 years later than the previous embodiment, the air intake at the opening of the valve in question takes place by individual section from the second stage of the intercooler, directly facing the duct of the cylinder port itself, which at that stage of the cycle is carrying out an intake, therefore without the entire volume of the intercooler, upstream of the first stage and between the first and second stages, contributing to the cooling of the air flow regularly required by that cylinder, as is also the case in agreement in the earlier document US 2017 / 0218891 A1 .

[0008] A similar operating condition, with separate compartments of a plenum associated with the intercooler divided into two cooling assemblies, is proposed in the previous document US 2007 / 0107704 A1 in which, in view of the separation of the intercooler cooling assemblies, for each line of cylinders in a V-engine, the plenum upstream or downstream of these does not allow for adequate compensation of the air flows to the individual intake ducts of the cylinders themselves, which remains separate from the intercooler cooling assemblies with respect to the cylinders of the V-engine in the other row of cylinders.

[0009] From a further document, CN 217950513 U, a marine version of an endothermic engine with an intercooler housed inside the same housing of an intake manifold of the in-line engine cylinders, is also known in the technical field. It can be seen that there are curved ducts connecting each individual intake port from the lower wall of the intercooler, which also acts as a manifold distributing the compressed air from the supercharging turbine directly through the intercooler's cooling stage.

[0010] Finally, as far as the prior state of the art is concerned, there is no constructive embodiment of the intercooler and plenum that allows for an intercooler, including a plenum downstream of the intercooler, directly connected to the intake ports of each cylinder in supercharged endothermic engines that avoids the limitations present in the prior documents.

[0011] Considerable refinements are possible for this state of the art with regard to the possibility of realising an intercooler with plenum directly connected to the specific ducts and intake ports already present on the heads of supercharged endothermic engines, which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and limitations encountered in the known art and realises reduced overall size of the intercooler and plenum assembly, making it possible to realise a distribution of compressed air that is not only correctly cooled in the intercooler, but also favourably distributed in a uniform manner directly available to the supply demand of the intake ports in the engine head.

[0012] The technical problem, therefore, underlying the present invention is to create a different arrangement of the connections of the compressed air, supercharged, upstream and downstream of the intercooler, so as to achieve an improvement in the performance of the engine, while obtaining a reduced overall size of the engine considered.

[0013] An aim inherent in the above technical problem is to pre-order the arrangement of the connection parts upstream and downstream of the intercooler that makes it possible, with minimal modifications, to apply said connection parts both to endothermic engines with in-line cylinders and to endothermic engines with a V-cylinder arrangement.

[0014] Not least, the purpose of the technical problem posed concerns the sizing of said connection parts and their arrangement, in any case solving the technical problem posed.

[0015] A further aspect of the technical problem concerns the arrangement of said parts of the power supply of the supercharged endothermic engine that are specific for a marine version of the engine, also contributing to obtaining a reduced overall size of the engine considered.

[0016] Summary of the Invention

[0017] This technical problem is solved, according to the present invention, by an intercooler with plenum and specific intake ducts for supercharged endothermic engines, comprising: an intercooler housing containing a heat exchange cartridge internally crossed by coolant and externally lapped by compressed air pushed by an air compressor suctioned into an intercooler channel; characterised in that there is the compartment of the cartridge in the housing of the intercooler provided with a longitudinal opening between the intercooler channel and the cartridge compartment, while downstream of the compartment there are large air passages to a volume of the plenum housing, which in turn is directly facing air openings in the plenum, which equalise the treated air, directly connected to all intake ports in the affected cylinder head(s) of the supercharged endothermic engine.

[0018] In addition, in a specific embodiment, the distance between the cartridge in the intercooler and the plenum volume is limited to the wall thickness in the construction of the intercooler housing and the housing thickness with the plenum volume.

[0019] Moreover, a further constructive embodiment of the endothermic engine is supercharged by means of a turbocharger with exhaust gas.

[0020] In addition, in a preferred constructive embodiment, the supercharged endothermic engine has the size of the longitudinal air opening smaller than the overall cross-sectional area of the cartridge housed in the cartridge compartment.

[0021] In an even more specific and preferred constructive embodiment for an endothermic engine with V-cylinders, the housing of the intercooler is made of two symmetrical parts of a first housing and a second housing aligned on a plenum, made in a space between the two rows of V-shaped cylinders, a space facing the intake ports of each cylinder directly facing air openings in the volume of the plenum.

[0022] In addition, in a preferred constructive embodiment, in the two intercooler housings the two intercooler channels are sequentially connected to each other by means of an air line and also transversally by means of equilibrium ducts, to equalise the pressures, velocities and temperatures of the air coming from the compressor and to distribute the high-temperature compressed air to both cooling cartridges.

[0023] Finally, in an advantageous embodiment the cooling liquid feeds the cartridge of the first housing in sequence from an inlet nozzle, being then transferred into the next cartridge of the second housing, by means of at least one connection nozzle, and exiting from the outlet nozzle.

[0024] Further features and advantages of the present invention, in the embodiment of an intercooler with a plenum directly facing the intake ports for supercharged engines, will result from the description below of examples of the constructive embodiments of the connection parts upstream and downstream of the intercooler, as illustrated above and given by way of indication and not limitation with reference to the eleven drawing tables attached.

[0025] Brief description of the drawings

[0026] Figure 1 depicts a schematic side view of a generic supercharged endothermic engine with V-cylinders, complete with the supply device according to the invention and the exhaust manifold for the marine version;

[0027] Figure 2 depicts an enlarged schematic perspective view of the engine of Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 3 depicts a schematic front view of the endothermic engine of Figures 1 and 2, here from the flywheel side;

[0029] Figures 4 and 5 depict schematic perspective views from above and below of the intercooler-plenum assembly and intake connections of the endothermic engine of Figures 1-3, here made with two intercooler housings connected to each other in the compressed air and cooling liquid passages;

[0030] Figure 6 depicts a schematic side view of the assembly of Figure 4 and 5;

[0031] Figure 7 depicts a schematic front view of the intercooler-plenum assembly of Figure 4 and 5;

[0032] Figure 8 depicts a schematic section VIII-VIII of the assembly of Figure 7;

[0033] Figure 9 depicts a schematic section of the assembly of Figures 3-7, on a section line IX-IX of Figure 8;

[0034] Figures 10 and 11 depict schematic perspective views from above and below of the plenum making the intake connections of the endothermic V-engine of Figures 1 , 2; Figure 12 depicts a schematic side view of the individual housing of the intercooler constituting the assembly of Figures 4-9;

[0035] Figure 13 depicts a schematic front view of the individual housing of the intercooler constituting the assembly of Figures 4-9;

[0036] Figure 14 depicts a schematic section, with trace XIV-XIV of Figure 13, of the individual intercooler housing of the assembly of Figures 4-9;

[0037] Figure 15 depicts a schematic view from above of the individual housing of the intercooler of Figures 4-9;

[0038] Figure 16 depicts a schematic section, with trace XVI-XVI of Figure 13, of the individual intercooler housing of the assembly of Figures 4-9;

[0039] Figure 17 depicts a schematic section, with trace XVII-XVII of Figure 16, of the individual intercooler housing of Figures 4-9;

[0040] Figure 18 depicts a schematic view from below of the individual housing of the intercooler constituting the assembly of Figures 4-9;

[0041] Figure 19 depicts a schematic perspective view of a generic supercharged endothermic engine with in-line cylinders, complete with the supply device;

[0042] Figure 20 depicts a schematic side view of the engine of Figure 19 and of the exhaust manifold for the marine version;

[0043] Figure 21 depicts a schematic front view of the endothermic engine of Figures 19 and 20, here from the side of the flywheel;

[0044] Figure 22 depicts a schematic cross section, at intake ports, of the intercooler-plenum assembly and intake connections of the endothermic engine with in-line cylinders of Figures 19-21 ;

[0045] Figure 23 depicts a schematic perspective view of the intercooler-plenum assembly and intake connections of the endothermic engine with in-line cylinders of Figures 19-21 ;

[0046] Figure 24 depicts a schematic longitudinal and perspective section, in vertical centerline, of the intercooler-plenum assembly and intake connections of the endothermic engine of Figures 19-21 ;

[0047] Figure 25 depicts a schematic longitudinal section of the intercoolerplenum assembly of Figure 23 and intake connections of the endothermic engine with in-line cylinders;

[0048] Figure 26 depicts a schematic cross section, at the intake port different from Figure 22, of the intercooler-plenum assembly and intake connections, of the endothermic engine with in-line cylinders of Figures 19-21 ;

[0049] Figure 27 depicts a schematic perspective view of the plenum of the intercooler-plenum assembly in Figure 23;

[0050] Figure 28 depicts a schematic section, with the upper wall removed and in perspective, of the plenum of Figure 27;

[0051] Figure 29 depicts a schematic cross-section of the plenum without the upper wall of Figure 27;

[0052] Figure 30 depicts a schematic side view of the intercooler housing of the intercooler-plenum assembly of Figure 23;

[0053] Figure 31 depicts a schematic frontal view of the intercooler housing constituting the assembly in Figure 23;

[0054] Figure 32 depicts a schematic section with trace XXXII-XXXII of the intercooler housing of Figure 31 ;

[0055] Figure 33 depicts a schematic section with trace XXXI I l-XXXI 11 of the intercooler housing of Figure 31 ;

[0056] Figure 34 depicts a schematic top view of the housing of the intercooler of Figure 23;

[0057] Figure 35 depicts a schematic view from below of the intercooler housing of the assembly of Figure 23, in which the communication openings between the intercooler and the plenum below are visible.

[0058] Detailed description of the illustrated constructive embodiments.

[0059] Figures 1 , 2 and 3 show a supercharged endothermic engine 1 with V- cylinders equipped with the devices for its marine use. The exhaust manifolds 2 are clearly visible, cooled as known in the field, which feed the turbocharger assembly 3 by means of a junction housing 4 to which the exhausts are connected with curves 5, also cooled together with the exhaust manifold, feeding the exhaust gases into the supply of the turbine 6; the compressor 7 pushes the air suctioned into a first intercooler housing 8, after which the air flows into the second intercooler housing 9 by means of an air line 10 and equilibrium ducts 11 between the two aforementioned intercooler housings.

[0060] The constructive embodiment, used in this endothermic engine with V- cylinders, of the double intercooler and of the plenum below, visible in Figure 4-9, is made compact so as to be housed in the upper part of the V of the rows of cylinders of the endothermic engine 1 as visible in Figures 1-3, moreover in Figures 10-11 the shape of the plenum below the double intercooler described is shown.

[0061] The air pumped by the compressor 7 enters from the connection 13 of the intercooler housing 8 and exits from the intercooler-plenum assembly 14 from the openings 15, present in the housing of the plenum 16 and which are facing and in contact with the heads with the intake ports of the individual cylinders of the rows of the supercharged endothermic engine 1. The air also enters from the channel 17 of the first and second intercooler housings, passes through the longitudinal opening 18 in said intercooler housing and passes through the cartridge 19, water- cooled in the known manner, and passes through the passages 20 towards the volume 21 of the plenum housing 16. That is, the air, when crossing the longitudinal opening 18, is uniformly distributed on the cartridge 19, being forced to cross the cartridge and at the same time being distributed to wrap the cartridge itself.

[0062] The cooling water of the described dual-housing intercooler, first 8 and second 9, enters the first cartridge 19 of the first intercooler housing 8 through the inlet nozzle 22, at the end of the cartridge it is transferred into the cartridge 19, with connecting nozzle 23, of the second housing 9 side by side in the double intercooler described; the water at the end of the passage in the cartridges, finally, exits the intercooler-plenum assembly 14 from the water outlet nozzle 24.

[0063] The constructive embodiment described is better understood with Figures 12-18, which illustrate the symmetrical shape of the intercooler housing, both the first 8 and the second 9. In fact, the intercooler housing enables an embodiment of an intercooler channel 17 connected to an underlying housing compartment 25 of the cartridge by means of the longitudinal air opening 18 which is continuous, moreover, each intercooler channel 17 has more than one transverse hole 26 in the channel for the connection of the equilibrium ducts 11 , these transverse holes have seats 27 for the appropriate seals on said equilibrium ducts 11 .

[0064] Figures 19, 20 and 21 show a supercharged endothermic engine 31 with in-line cylinders equipped with the devices for marine use thereof. The exhaust manifold 32 is clearly visible, cooled as known in the field, which feeds the turbocharger assembly 33, pouring the exhaust gases into the turbine supply 36; the compressor 37 pushes the air suctioned into an intercooler housing 38.

[0065] The utilised constructive embodiment of the individual intercooler and the plenum below, in this endothermic engine with in-line cylinders, is visible in Figures 22-26, and is made compact so as to be housed in the side part of the cylinder head of the supercharged endothermic engine 31 as shown in Figures 19- 21 ; furthermore, the shape of the plenum below the described individual intercooler is presented in Figures 27-29; the numerical references of identical parts are referred to as in the previous constructive embodiment.

[0066] The air pumped by the compressor 37 enters from the connection 13 of the individual intercooler housing 38 and exits from the individual intercooler assembly and plenum 44 from the air openings 45 present in the linear housing 46 of the plenum that are facing and in contact with the individual intake ports of the cylinders of the supercharged endothermic engine 31. Air also enters from the channel 17 of the individual intercooler housing 38, through the longitudinal opening 18 in said intercooler housing and through the bidirectional cartridge 49, which is known to be water-cooled, and the passages 20 towards the volume 51 of the linear housing 46 of the plenum.

[0067] The cooling water of the individual-housing intercooler enters the bidirectional cartridge 49 of the underlying inlet nozzle 52, at the end of the cartridge it is diverted into the upper part of the bidirectional cartridge 49; the water at the end of the passage exits the intercooler-plenum assembly 44 from the upper outlet nozzle 54.

[0068] The constructive embodiment described is better understood with Figures 30-35, which illustrate the shape of the housing of the individual intercooler 38. In fact, the intercooler housing provides for the constructive embodiment of an intercooler channel 17 connected to an underlying compartment 25 of the cartridge by means of the longitudinal air opening 18 which is continuous.

[0069] Finally, in the tests carried out, it was possible to verify that the size of the longitudinal air opening 18, being smaller than the overall cross-section of the cartridge 19 or 49, allows the air crossing through compartment 25 of the cartridge itself, a more uniform distribution and mixing so that it enters the volume 21 or 51 of the plenum housing 16 or 46 distributing itself uniformly in it.

[0070] The operation of an intercooler with a plenum directly facing the intake ports for supercharged engines, in the constructive embodiments described, takes place as follows.

[0071] The intercooler placed in close contact with the plenum volume, in the intercooler assembly 14 for an engine with V-cylinders or in the individual intercooler assembly 44 for an engine with in-line cylinders, operates in such a way as to distribute the treated air in the intercooler and mix it in the plenum volume 21 or 51 with the previously treated air not yet drawn from the engine cylinders, so as to achieve complete uniformity of the air entering the cylinders allowing more precise regulation of combustion, i.e. the compressed air entering the intake port of the endothermic engine originates from the plenum compartment 21 , for engines with V-cylinders, or the plenum compartment 51 , for engines with in-line cylinders, i.e. from an environment in which all the air treated by the plenum can be directed without preference towards any of the cylinder ports connected in intake with said plenum compartment.

[0072] It should be noted that the volume 21 or 51 of the plenum has a volume much greater than the individual cylinder of an affected cylinder of the engine. If this condition is clear for the volume 21 of the plenum housing 16, it is less apparent in the linear plenum housing 46 applied to an engine with cylinders arranged in line. However, it has been verified that advantageous operation begins to manifest itself with a plenum volume of at least half the overall displacement of the multi-cylinder engine, the upper limit being the avoidance of an excessive overall size of the linear plenum housing compared to the overall size of the individual intercooler and plenum 44 assembly in the supercharged endothermic engine with inline cylinders 31 . In fact, the V-cylinder arrangement of the endothermic engine 1 facilitates the attainment of a large value of the plenum volume 21 that can even exceed the overall displacement of the engine concerned and, precisely because of the lack of specific and separate intake ducts, to the individual cylinders of the engine, allows the effect of balancing the movements of the masses of air treated by the intercooler, thus avoiding local swirling movements of the same treated air towards the cylinder port, which as is known occurs in the individual intake ducts specifically provided for, as is the case in the state of the art mentioned above.

[0073] Thus in tests, the greatest improvement effect in the operation of the supercharged endothermic engine was manifested with a value of the plenum volume 21 or 51 within a narrower range of 0.9 to 1.2 times the overall displacement of the supercharged multi-cylinder engine.

[0074] The advantages of the described embodiments of intercoolers with plenum directly facing the intake ports for supercharged endothermic engines, according to the invention, can be summarized as follows.

[0075] A supercharged endothermic engine, equipped with an intercoolerplenum assembly according to the invention, has a smaller overall size of the accessory volume housings of the intercooler and plenum that is directly facing the intake ports already present on the engine heads. In fact, the architecture of the arrangement of the parts, in the intercooler-plenum assemblies 14 and 44 described above, makes it possible to reduce the spaces and distances between the constituent elements of the assembly, realising a utilisation of the volume thus recovered and used in the volume 21 or 51 of the plenum itself, at the same time allowing the equilibrium of the mass of air treated both from the compressor towards the intercooler avoiding separating the air supply effect in the intake and towards the individual cylinder, as generated by individual supply ducts known in the state of the art. In other words, the high integration of the engine's power supply parts solves the technical problem of making even a high-powered engine less bulky by allowing it to be housed in very limited engine compartments; this is a highly valued option on boats that require high power from the engine installed on them, but have small engine compartments.

[0076] As explained above, during the operation, the air cooled in the intercooler passage arrives in the plenum volume, equalising temperature and velocity, is not immediately utilised within a cylinder, but is distributed in the plenum volume 21 or 51 , making itself available to the supply of the cylinder that is in the intake phase at that moment, realising an inherently uniform distribution to all cylinders of the supercharged endothermic engine 1 or 31 . In this way, the air passes through the intercooler and mixes in the plenum, equalising the pressures in each part of volume 21 or 51 of the plenum, and thus also the temperatures and velocity of the air itself, since when one of the cylinder ports is opened, only the volume equal to the cylinder displacement of the cylinder concerned is taken out of the plenum. In fact, contrary to the state of the art, the plenum compartment, 21 or 51 , is located completely downstream of the intercooler, whereas as described above, upstream of the intercooler there are ducts with a distributed and not unidirectional supply effect of the treated air as carried out in the known art mentioned above.

[0077] Obviously, a person skilled in the art, in order to meet specific and contingent requirements, may make numerous modifications, to an intercooler with a plenum directly facing the intake ports specifically for supercharged endothermic engines, as described above, all of which are, however, within the scope of protection of the present invention as defined by the following claims. Thus, albeit less conveniently, possible constructive embodiment variants can be envisaged in which the intercooler, with the plenum described, for a supercharged endothermic engine, with cylinders in line 31 or arranged in a V 1 , can also be applied to endothermic engines with a different system of compression of the inlet air and different combustion system whether diesel or internal combustion, two- or four- stroke, being able to be adapted to said different operation, but realising the solution to the same technical problem of equalisation and equilibrium of the air masses treated by the intercooler described and solved here.

Claims

CLAIMS1 . Intercooler with plenum and specific intake ducts for supercharged endothermic engines, comprising an intercooler housing containing a heat exchange cartridge (19, 49), internally crossed by coolant and lapped by compressed air pushed by an air compressor (7) suctioned into an intercooler channel (17); characterised in that there is a compartment (25) of the cartridge (19, 49) in the housing (8, 9, 38) of the intercooler provided with a longitudinal opening (18) between the intercooler channel (17) and the cartridge compartment (25), while downstream of the compartment (25) there are large air passages (20) directly to a volume (21 51 ) of the housing (16, 46) of a plenum, which in turn is directly connected by means of air openings (15, 45) in the plenum, which equalise the treated air, directly connected to all intake ports in the affected cylinder head(s) of the supercharged endothermic engine.

2. Intercooler with plenum according to Claim 1 , wherein the distance between the cartridge (19, 49) in the intercooler and the plenum volume is limited to the wall thickness in the construction of the intercooler housing (8, 9, 38) and the housing thickness (16, 46) with the plenum volume (21 , 51 ).

3. Intercooler with plenum according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the endothermic engine is supercharged by a turbocharger (3) with exhaust gas.

4. Intercooler with plenum according to Claim 3, wherein the supercharged endothermic engine has the size of the longitudinal air opening (18) smaller than the overall cross-sectional area of the cartridge (19) housed in the cartridge compartment (25).

5. Intercooler with plenum according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, in the realisation of the constructive embodiment for an endothermic engine with V-cylinders, the intercooler housing is made of two symmetrical parts of a first housing (8) and a second housing (9) aligned on aplenum, made in a space between the two rows of V-shaped cylinders, a space facing the intake ports of each cylinder directly facing air openings (15) in the volume (21 ) of the plenum.

6. Intercooler with plenum, according to the preceding Claim 5, wherein, in the two housings (8, 9) of the intercooler, the intercooler channels (17) are sequentially connected to each other by means of an air line (10) and also transversally by means of equilibrium ducts (11) to equalise pressures, velocities and temperatures of the air coming from the compressor (7) and distribute the high-temperature compressed air to both cooling cartridges (19).

7. Intercooler with plenum, according to the preceding Claim 6, wherein the cooling liquid feeds the cartridge (19) of the first housing (8) in sequence from an inlet nozzle (22), being then transferred into the next cartridge (19) of the second housing (9), by means of at least one connection nozzle (23), and exiting from the outlet nozzle (24).

8. Intercooler with plenum according to any one of Claims 1-7, wherein the dimensional ratio between the volume (21 , 51) of the plenum housing (16, 46) and the overall displacement of the multi-cylinder supercharged endothermic engine is comprised between 0.5 and 2 times the overall displacement of the supercharged endothermic engine.

9. Intercooler with plenum according to Claim 8, wherein the dimensional ratio between the volume of the volume (21 , 51 ) of the plenum housing (16, 46) and the overall displacement of the multi-cylinder supercharged endothermic engine is comprised between 0.9 and 1.2.

10. Endothermic engine equipped with supercharging by means of an intercooler with plenum, according to one of the preceding Claims 1-9.

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