Barrel-mounted bullet accelerator-brake-silencer

Abstract

A barrel-mounted bullet accelerator-brake-silencer comprising an outer cylinder functioning as a receiver with a front end element and a rear end element, a cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet, said channel having radial diffusors and being disposed in the cavity of the outer cylinder, an expansion chamber formed by the annulus between the inner surface of the outer cylinder and the outer surface of the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet, and external and internal screw threads for connecting the external cylinder into a single structure with the front and rear end elements. The technical result includes a simpler structure, lower material consumption, a lower recoil force of the weapon, greater flash suppression, a lower sound level and a higher projectile or bullet speed.

Description

Barrel-type bullet accelerator-brake-silencer

[0001] The invention relates to the field of small arms and cannon weapons and can be used to reduce recoil force, reduce the sound of a shot and increase the kinetic energy of a bullet or projectile.

[0002] A technical solution is known from the prior art, comprising an outer cylindrical shell, closed at the rear end by an elongated cover, with a splitter fixed from the inside, having an attachment to the muzzle of the barrel at some distance from the rear end of the device, openings for the release of powder gases into the internal cavity of the shell, an additional central partition dividing the cavity inside the shell into two expansion chambers and a seat for a separator; closed at the front end by a removable cover and a separator, which is made in the form of a separate assembly unit of deflectors assembled into a package in the form of a "K-baffle", rolled in a cylindrical body (RU Patent No. 2755929, cl. F41A 21 / 30, 2021). A silencer is known (RU Patent No. 2807771, cl. F41A 21 / 30, 2023).), the silencer comprises a tubular body in which a flange plug is secured, connected to a sleeve for inserting the weapon barrel from the muzzle end of the latter and dividing the cavity of the tube into two chambers communicating through channels in the sleeve. In the second chamber, in the direction from the muzzle end of the weapon, separators are secured, arranged in series and forming a block of expansion chambers. The body on the side of the bullet exit is made with a screw thread for screwing in an end plug with an opening for the bullet and a central annular protrusion with an external screw thread for installing a muzzle brake. A disadvantage of the known device is the complexity and separate functioning of the silencer and muzzle brake. A muzzle device is known (RU Patent No. 2595061, class F41A 21 / 30, 2016) which comprises a body with a bullet channel, a cover with an opening for the bullet exit, expansion chambers with bullet channels. A muzzle-mounted device for weapons is also known (RU patent No. 2709294, cl.F41A 21 / 30, 2019) comprising an outer tube inserted with its ends into front and rear end caps-plugs, a tubular cylindrical channel located in the cavity of the outer tube and formed from a muzzle attachment with a sleeve and radial cuts combined by a threaded connection, arranged in rows and a muzzle constriction, an inner tube with a screw thread, expansion chambers communicating with each other through a gap in the inter-tube space, a nut for fastening the outer tube, caps-plugs into a single structure and openings in the caps-plugs with diameters corresponding, respectively, to the diameter of the muzzle attachment with radial cuts and the diameter of the inner tube.A technical solution is known that includes an outer tube with front and rear end elements, a cylindrical channel with radial diffusers located in the cavity of the outer tube for the passage of a projectile, an expansion chamber formed by the intertube space between the inner surface of the outer tube and the outer surface of the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile, external and internal screw threads for connecting into a single structure of the outer tube with the front and rear end elements with central holes with diameters corresponding to the internal diameter of the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile and a stop for a tight fit of the elements (RU Patent No. 2781695, class F41A 21 / 30, 2022 - prototype).

[0003] The claimed barrel bullet accelerator-brake-silencer, in comparison with known inventions, is a design consisting of three parts, ensuring the achievement of a technical result consisting of a simplified design, a reduction in material consumption, weapon recoil, sound level and an increase in flame suppression and the velocity of the projectile or bullet.

[0004] Existing technical solutions have complex designs and assembly processes, as well as high material consumption. Furthermore, due to their design features, they provide insufficient flame suppression, recoil reduction, sound reduction, and projectile or bullet acceleration.

[0005] The technical result is a simplified design, reduced material consumption, reduced recoil force of the weapon, improved flame suppression, reduced sound levels and increased projectile or bullet speed.

[0006] The technical result is achieved in that a barrel bullet accelerator-brake-silencer, including an outer cylinder with the function of a receiver provided with front and rear end elements, a cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet with radial diffusers and located in the cavity of the outer cylinder, an expansion chamber formed by the inter-tube space between the inner surface of the outer cylinder and the outer surface of the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet, external and internal screw threads for connecting into a single structure of the outer cylinder with the front and rear end elements, having central coaxial holes with diameters corresponding to the internal diameter of the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet, characterized in that,that the front end element is made in the form of a cylindrical casing with radial diffusers on its lateral surface and an end central opening located coaxially with the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile, at a distance from it equal to 1 / 4 of the length of the casing and with a diameter corresponding to its diameter, and the rear end element is rigidly connected to the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet, equipped for tight fit to the front end element with a stop, in front of which, on the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile, radial diffusers are located perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, or with an angle of deviation of their central axes by 30-60° towards the end wall, which the outer cylinder has on the side of the front end element, also the rear end element has an external thread for screw connection with the outer cylinder, on which additional radial diffusers are located next to the rear end element,wherein the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet at the entrance to the expansion chamber has a diameter greater than the diameter of the barrel by the minimum amount necessary to ensure the free passage of the projectile or bullet to accelerate their movement, and the area S1 of the cross-section of the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet is less than the total area S2 of the cross-section of its diffusers, which is less than the area S3 of the cross-section of the outer cylinder, and it is less than the total area S4 of the cross-section of its diffusers.

[0007] The novelty of the claimed technical solution is due to the fact that, due to the design features, the claimed set of attributes ensures the achievement of the technical result, namely: 1. Simplification of the design and a decrease in the material intensity of the claimed technical solution, consisting of three elements that form a single structure due to a screw connection. The features specified below under paragraphs 2-6 in combination ensure a decrease in the recoil force of the weapon, an increase in flash suppression, a decrease in the sound level and an increase in the velocity of the projectile or bullet. 2. The implementation of the front end element in the form of a cylindrical casing with radial diffusers on its lateral surface and an end central hole located coaxially with the cylindrical channel for the passage of the projectile, at a distance from it equal to 1 / 4 of the length of the casing and with a diameter corresponding to its diameter; 3.The rear end element is made as a single structure with a cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet, equipped with a stop for tight fit to the front end element, in front of which, on the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet, radial diffusers are located with an angle of deviation of their axes by 30-60° towards the end wall of the outer cylinder; 4. The rear end element also has an external thread for screw connection with the outer cylinder, on which radial diffusers are located next to the rear end element; 5. The cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet at the entrance to the expansion chamber has a diameter greater than the diameter of the barrel by the minimum amount necessary for the free passage of a projectile or bullet in order to accelerate their movement; 6.The cross-sectional area S1 of the cylindrical projectile passage is less than the total cross-sectional area S2 of its diffusers, which is less than the cross-sectional area S3 of the outer cylinder, which is less than the total cross-sectional area S4 of its diffusers. The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from known ones are aimed at achieving a technical result and have not been identified during the study of this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step."

[0008] The essence of the invention is explained by the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows a general view of the barrel bullet accelerator, brake-silencer; Fig. 2 also shows a longitudinal section A-A; Fig. 3 is also shown in accordance with Fig. 2 with an additional indication of the directions of movement of the powder gas flows in the form of arrows and the parameters characterizing them; Fig. 4 is a photo of the barrel bullet accelerator, brake-silencer, in assembled form; a photo of the parts of the barrel bullet accelerator, brake-silencer is shown, a) - the front end element; b) - the outer cylinder; c) - the rear end element. The barrel bullet accelerator-brake-silencer contains an outer cylinder 1, which performs the function of a receiver.The outer cylinder 1 has a front end element 2 and a rear end element 3 for connection with the barrel of the weapon, a cylindrical channel 4 for the passage of a projectile or bullet with radial diffusers 5 and located in the cavity of the outer cylinder 1, an expansion chamber 6 formed by the intertubular space between the inner surface of the outer cylinder 1 and the outer surface of the cylindrical channel 4 for the passage of a projectile or bullet. The technical solution also has external 7 and 8 and internal 9 and 10 screw threads for connecting the outer cylinder 1 into a single structure with the front and rear end elements 2 and 3, having central holes 11 and 12 with diameters corresponding to the inner diameter of the cylindrical channel 4 for the passage of a projectile. The outer cylinder 1 on the side of the front end element 2 has an end wall 13 for a tight fit of the elements.A distinctive feature of the barrel-type bullet accelerator-brake-suppressor is that the front end element 2 is designed as a cylindrical casing with radial diffusers 14 on its lateral surface and an end central opening 11 located coaxially with the cylindrical channel 4 for the passage of a projectile or bullet, at a distance from it equal to 1 / 4 the length of the cylindrical casing and with a diameter corresponding to its diameter. The casing is designed to protect the protruding portion of the cylindrical channel 4 and to cut off the residual powder gases moving behind the bullet at supersonic speed, which are removed from the casing through diffusers 14. The rear end element 3 is rigidly connected to the cylindrical channel 4 for the passage of a projectile or bullet, which is provided with a stop 15 for a tight fit to the front end element.In front of this stop, on the cylindrical channel 4 for the passage of a projectile or bullet, radial diffusers 5 are arranged with an angle of deviation of their central axes by 30-60° towards the stop 15 adjacent to the end wall 13. Such a choice of the angle of deviation of the central axes of the diffusers 5 ensures the directed action of the exhaust powder gases from the diffusers 5 on the end wall 13, reflecting from it, they create a zone of increased pressure. The central axes of the diffusers 5 of the cylindrical channel 4 for the passage of a projectile or bullet can be located perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, and the end wall 13 of the outer cylinder 1 can be located at an acute angle to the cylindrical channel 4 for the passage of a projectile or bullet. The rear end element 3 is connected by means of an external thread 8 to the outer cylinder 1, on which radial diffusers 16 are located near the rear end element.The cylindrical bore 4 for the passage of a projectile or bullet at the entrance to the expansion chamber 6 has a diameter greater than the barrel diameter by the minimum necessary amount to ensure the free passage of the projectile without friction, in order to accelerate the movement of the projectile or bullet. The cross-sectional area S1 of the cylindrical bore 4 is less than the total cross-sectional area S2 of its diffusers 5, which is less than the cross-sectional area S3 of the outer cylinder 1, which is less than the total cross-sectional area S4 of its diffusers 16. To operate the small arms, the rear end element 3 is screwed onto its barrel. During use, the projectile or bullet moves forward along the cylindrical bore 4. In the space of the cylindrical bore 4 behind the projectile or bullet, the pressure of the powder gases begins to drop, which is released through the diffusers 5 into the expansion chamber 6.Streams of propellant gases, escaping into chamber 6, strike end wall 13 at an angle of 30-60° and, repelled by it, rush back into expansion chamber 6. Passing through its space, the propellant gases cool, transferring their thermal energy to outer cylinder 1 and reducing their velocity. A similar effect will be observed if the central axes of diffusers 5 are located perpendicular to cylindrical channel 4, and end wall 13 of outer cylinder 1 is located at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of cylindrical channel 4 for the passage of a projectile or bullet. As a result, the volume of the expanding chamber 6 dampens the recoil impulse, increases flame quenching, and changes the speed of the sound wave. Then, the propellant gases, escaping from diffusers 16 of outer cylinder 1, escape into the atmosphere. When the projectile passes through the front end element 2 made in the form of a casing, the remaining flows of powder gases exit from the diffusers 14.It should be noted that the velocity of the propellant gases decreases to the extent that the cross-sectional area of ​​diffusers 5 or 16 exceeds the cross-sectional area of ​​end channel 4 or outer cylinder 1. Diffusers may be arranged in several rows. The claimed barrel-mounted projectile accelerator-brake-silencer combines the functions of a silencer, flame arrester, and projectile or bullet accelerator. The theoretical justification for the functions performed by the claimed technical solution is presented in Fig. 3. The operating principle of the silencer in the barrel-mounted projectile accelerator / brake-silencer is based on the fact that the gas flow velocity is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of ​​outer cylinder 1. When passing from the narrow section of cylindrical channel 4 through radial diffusers 5 to the wide section of outer cylinder 1, the gas velocity decreases.In this case, S1 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the cylindrical channel 4, V1 is the gas velocity in this channel, S3 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the wide part of the outer cylinder 1, and V3 is the gas velocity in the wide part of the cylinder 1. When passing through the cylindrical channel 4 (bullet), the velocity of the powder gases decreases in several stages: 1. When the powder gases pass from the cylindrical channel 4 with a cross-sectional area S1, into the diffusers 5 with a diameter D1 with a total cross-sectional area S2n (S1 is less than the total area S2n, where n is the number of diffusers). 2. When the powder gases pass from the diffusers 5 into the outer cylinder 1 with a cross-sectional area S3. 3. When the powder gases exit the outer cylinder 1 through the diffusers 16 with a diameter D2 with a total cross-sectional area S4 (S3 is less than the total area S4n, where n is the number of diffusers).The total cross-sectional area of ​​these diffusers S4n is several times greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the outer cylinder S3, so the propellant gases lose velocity even more, depending on the number of diffusers. Thus, the reduced velocity of the propellant gases reduces the sound level of the shot. As for the reduction in recoil force, this occurs due to the difference in pressure of the propellant gases acting on end element 3 and end wall 13 (hereinafter walls A and B of the outer cylinder 1). The pressure P1 at wall A is greater than the pressure P2 at wall B, and accordingly, a force F = S3 (P1 - P2) arises, directed in the direction opposite to the recoil force, reducing it. Expanding in expansion chamber 6 of outer cylinder 1, the propellant gases move towards diffusers 16, and the pressure is released into the atmosphere through them, while the velocity of the gases also decreases, since S4 is greater than S3. The longer the chamber 6, the longer F acts on wall A, reducing the recoil force.Thus, at end wall B, the pressure P2 of the powder gases is much lower than the pressure P1, and accordingly, the force acting on wall B is much lower than the force acting on wall A. As a result of the above processes, we obtain a force F = (P1 - P2) S3, which compensates for the recoil force. When acting as an accelerator, the maximum velocity of the projectile or bullet is increased after leaving the barrel. After leaving the barrel, the bullet (projectile) enters cylindrical channel 4, which acts as an accelerator, the diameter of which exceeds that of the main barrel. Under the influence of residual powder gas pressure and the absence of friction, the bullet (projectile) receives additional acceleration. The length of the accelerator depends on the residual powder gas pressure. The greater the pressure P1 compared to the pressure P2, the longer the accelerator can be. The accelerator increases the velocity of the bullet (projectile) as long as P1 is greater than P2.

[0009] The diameter of the cylindrical bore in the booster must be selected so that the bullet or projectile moving through it does not touch its walls. The smaller the difference in diameter, the higher the efficiency of the propellant gases.

[0010] The end wall of the outer cylinder can be located at an acute angle to the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet.

[0011] The claimed technical solution can be created and used for small arms and cannons, which meets the “industrial applicability” criterion.

Claims

A barrel-type bullet accelerator-brake-silencer comprising an outer cylinder with a receiver function provided with front and rear end elements, a cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet with radial diffusers located in the cavity of the outer cylinder, an expansion chamber formed by the inter-tube space between the inner surface of the outer cylinder and the outer surface of the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet, external and internal screw threads for connecting into a single structure of the outer cylinder with the front and rear end elements, having central coaxial holes with diameters corresponding to the internal diameter of the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet, characterized in that the front end element is made in the form of a cylindrical casing with radial diffusers on its side surface and an end central hole located coaxially with the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile,at a distance from it equal to 1 / 4 of the length of the casing, and with a diameter corresponding to its diameter, and the rear end element is rigidly connected to a cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet, equipped with a stop for tight fit to the front end element, in front of which, on the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile, radial diffusers are located perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, or with an angle of deviation of their central axes by 30-60 ° towards the end wall, which the outer cylinder has on the side of the front end element, also the rear end element has an external thread for screw connection with the outer cylinder, on which additional radial diffusers are located next to the rear end element, while the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet at the entrance to the expansion chamber has a diameter greater than the diameter of the barrel by the minimum amount necessary to ensure the free passage of a projectile or bullet to accelerate their movement,where the area S1 of the cross-section of the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet is less than the total area S2 of the cross-section of its diffusers, which is less than the area S3 of the cross-section of the outer cylinder, and it is less than the total area S4 of the cross-section of its diffusers. A barrel-type bullet accelerator-brake-silencer according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the end wall of the outer cylinder can be located at an acute angle to the cylindrical channel for the passage of a projectile or bullet.

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