Composite winding primer

Abstract

The invention relates to composite winding primer. The invention particularly relates to the composite winding primer to enable the easy separation of cylindrical and tube shaped products that are difficult to separate from the mold, by taking advantage of the expansion and contraction feature of the mold.

Description

[0001] COMPOSITE WINDING PRIMER

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The invention relates to composite winding primer.

[0004] The invention particularly relates to the composite winding primer to enable the easy separation of cylindrical and tube shaped products that are difficult to separate from the mold, by taking advantage of the expansion and contraction feature of the mold.

[0005] State of the Art

[0006] Filament winding is the process of winding filament or fiber in a specific pattern on a generally cylindrical material, and this method is generally used in the production of composite materials and large and strong structures such as pressure vessels (tanks, pipes) and wind turbine blades.

[0007] Filament lay-up is the process of arranging and placing filament or fiber layers into a mold and is used in the production of composite materials, especially in the production of parts having complex shapes.

[0008] Filament braiding is a process generally used in the production of composite materials. In this method, fibers or filaments are knitted together in a certain pattern and frequency to form a structure. This knitting process is preferred to increase the strength of the material, increase its durability and provide the desired mechanical properties.

[0009] In the state of the art, in the production of parts using production methods that involve winding a mold or a rod (especially techniques such as filament winding, filament laying and filament knitting), separating the part from the mold and rod after curing is a very difficult and time-consuming process and the part may be damaged at this stage. The mentioned process also increases the waiting time for the next production.

[0010] In the state of the art, there are studies especially on the placement, design and analysis of cooling channels. Experimental research on injection mold cooling processes has also been conducted previously (Turng and Wang, 1990; Opolski and Kwon, 1987). In these studies, there is the disadvantage of designing the cooling system under optimum operating conditions. The duration of the molding cycle is not sufficient to dissipate the heat of the injected plastic through heat conduction through the metal material of the mold. Thus, to increase the efficiency of the process, the mold is cooled by using a series of hollow channels made in both cavities, ensuring a better heat exchange from the coolant. There are several possibilities regarding the design of the cooling channels of a plastic injection mold (Mercado-Colmenero et al., 2018).

[0011] The choice of mold design depends mainly on three factors: The geometric properties of the plastic part, the size of the mold and the production technology required by each cooling system. Cooling systems can be designed through conventional cooling models or conformal systems adapted to the part geometry by taking these factors into account. Conventional systems have the advantage of lower production costs because they use traditional processing techniques. However, they have limited application only in thin parts with flat geometry and without deep concavities. Unlike traditional cooling channels, conformal cooling channels allow precise temperature control in parts with complex surfaces by leaving a constant distance between the surface of the mold cavities in contact with the part and the cooling circuit (Mercado-Colmenero et al., 2018).

[0012] In cooling system design, design variables typically include the size, location, layout of cooling channels, thermal properties of the coolant, temperature, and flow rate. When it comes to so many design parameters, it is extremely difficult to do the design work to determine the optimum cooling system. Simulation programs should be used in the design of these cooling channels. Experimental work must also be carried out to verify the analysis results. It is not possible to determine product quality numerically. Therefore, if the quality requirements of the material are not met, repeated experimental procedures must be carried out. (Qiao 2006, Mercado-Colmenero et al., 2018).

[0013] Li (2001) developed a new programming method for recognition of cooling properties in plastic parts. It divides the complex geometry of the plastic part into easy-to-understand parts. They suggested the most suitable cooling process for each geometry.

[0014] In their study, Li et al. (2005) made automation calculations of the cooling system from the design stage to the arrangement stage. In their study, Mercado-Colmenero et al. (2018) developed a new method in the design of injection molds of cooling systems, based on the geometry of the plastic part to be cooled. An analysis of the cooling process taking into account functional parameters to ensure healthy cooling of the material is carried out. Guan et al., (2019) investigated the effect between an injected part and the surface roughness of the mold. Ronkay et al., (2017) examined whether there is a relationship between the porosity of injection molded samples and mold temperature.

[0015] Various techniques have been developed to optimize cooling systems. Lam et al., (2004) developed a method using a genetic algorithm to optimize the size and location of cooling channels and the processing parameters of cooling systems. Matsumori et al., (2006) developed a technique that takes into account the effect of coolant flow to determine the optimum shape of cooling channels. Xu et al., (2001) used special manufacturing methods to achieve more uniform cooling by maintaining a constant distance between the cooling channels and the mold surface.

[0016] Many studies have been conducted on injection mold cooling systems and they can be classified into four research areas: CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) analysis, optimization, special manufacturing techniques and intelligent design tools. Early studies by Wang et al., (1994) mainly focused on CAE analysis of cooling systems. These simulation analyzes were performed with commercial packages such as MoldFlow and Moldex 3D, which are widely used in the industry to predict the performance of cooling systems before the mold is produced (Li et al., 2012).

[0017] Tang et al., (1997) presented an approach for optimum system design based on transient cooling analysis. They solved the design constraints and objective function using finite element analysis. Design sensitivity analysis (DSA) has gained importance in recent years as an important component of the optimal design process (Qiao 2006). Choosing the right method to reach optimum conditions in the analysis solution of the model can provide economic gain. Matsumoto and Tanaka (1993) presented an analysis formulation for heat conduction problems based on design variables and applied it to the optimal design of cooling channels in injection molds.

[0018] As a result of the research on the subject, application numbered US3098270A is found. In the relevant application, since there is metal surface contact with the filament impregnated with resin and wound on the core, undesirable situations may occur such as the possibility of a change in the winding angle, the breakage of the filaments, the wall thickness of the final product not being at the desired size, and the resin fiber ratio not being able to achieve the desired ratios. In the relevant application, there is an external solid surface contact.

[0019] As a result, it has become necessary to make a development in the relevant technical field due to the negativities described above and the inadequacy of existing solutions on the subject.

[0020] Object of the Invention

[0021] The invention is inspired by current situations and aims to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies.

[0022] An object of the invention is to ensure that the composite material is easily separated from the mold in the production of composite materials with circular or complex geometry.

[0023] Another object of the invention is to ensure that production takes place in a short time by taking advantage of the expansion and contraction properties of the mold or rod material to be wound.

[0024] Another object of the invention is to shorten production times without causing a decrease in product quality.

[0025] Another object of the invention is to minimize the waiting time for the production of the next part.

[0026] In order to achieve all of the objects above, the invention is a composite winding primer to enable the product made of a composite material to be produced by filament winding, laying and knitting technique to be separated from the mold after said composite material has cured and hardened, taking advantage of its lower coefficient of thermal expansion and contraction compared to metals, comprising:

[0027] • a metal rod with expansion and contraction properties on which said composite material is sold,

[0028] • thermoelectric cooler units, which form the mentioned cooling block by positioning them sequentially at certain intervals in order to reduce the ambient temperature by absorbing and carrying the heat from the layer on one side to the layer on the other side and cooling the layer from which the heat is taken, in case of DC voltage application, • a cooling block, in which thermoelectric cooling units are located sequentially at certain intervals, located inside said metal rod and extending between the two ends of said metal rod, to ensure that said metal rod is cooled homogeneously and shrinks enough to separate said composite material from said metal rod.

[0029] The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood by means of the drawings given below and the detailed description written with references to these drawings, and therefore the evaluation needs to be made by taking these drawings and the detailed description into consideration.

[0030] Figures to Help Understand the Invention

[0031] Figure 1 is the general view of the composite winding primer.

[0032] Figure 2 is the view of the internal structure of the composite winding primer.

[0033] Figure 3 is the view of the thermoelectric cooling units in the internal structure of the composite winding primer.

[0034] Figure 4 is the view of the cooling block in the internal structure of the composite winding primer.

[0035] Figure 5 is the general view of the radiator and electrical panel.

[0036] Description of Part References

[0037] 1 Metal rod

[0038] 2 Cooling block

[0039] 3 Thermoelectric cooler unit

[0040] 4 Radiator

[0041] 5 Electric panel

[0042] A Composite winding primer

[0043] B Composite material

[0044] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0045] In this detailed description, the preferred embodiments of the composite winding primer (A), which are the subject of the invention are described only for a better understanding of the subject.

[0046] The composite winding primer (A) of the invention basically comprises a metal rod (1), a cooling block (2) and thermoelectric cooling units (3). The metal rod (1 ) is the part on which a composite material (B) is wound and is in circular or cylindrical form with a complex geometry cross-section. The metal rod (1) has expansion and contraction properties due to the structural properties of the metal. There is a cooling block (2) located inside the metal rod (1) and extending between the two ends of the metal rod (1). The cooling block (2) is located around the thermoelectric cooling units (3) located sequentially at certain intervals. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, high amperage is achieved by using 16 pieces of 12v 6.4a thermoelectric cooler units (3).

[0047] If DC voltage is applied to the thermoelectric cooler units (3), the positive and negative charges in the semiconductor absorb and carry the heat from the layer on one side to the layer on the other side, and the layer from which the heat is removed cools down and the ambient temperature can be reduced. If the direction of the current applied to the thermoelectric cooler units (3) is changed, the positive and negative charges move in the opposite direction and thus the heat transfer direction is changed. In this case, the heated side cools down and the cooling side becomes warmer. Thermoelectric cooler units (3) basically work in accordance with the Peltier effect principle.

[0048] The cooling block (2) is connected to a radiator (4), and the radiator (4) allows the water in the cooling block (2) to cool and circulate. The power required for the operation of the thermoelectric cooler units (3) is provided from an electrical panel (5).

[0049] The use of the composite winding primer (A) of the invention is as follows:

[0050] After the composite material (B) is wrapped around the metal rod (1), the curing process is carried out and the composite material (B) hardens. Afterwards, the thermoelectric cooling units (3) are powered, and the metal rod (1) is cooled. As a result of the contact of the cooling block (2) along the length of the metal rod (1), the metal rod (1) begins to cool homogeneously. This cooling process causes the metal rod (1 ) to shrink significantly more than the composite material (B) wrapped around it, since the thermal expansionshrinkage coefficient of the composite material (B) is lower than that of metals. As a result, the metal rod (1 ) can be easily removed without damaging the composite material (B) or changing its diameter, and the final product is obtained. REFERENCES

[0051] Guan, B., Cherrill, M., Pai, J.H., Priest, C. (2019). Effect of mould roughness on injection moulded poly (methyl methacrylate) surfaces: Roughness and wettability, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 48, pp.313-319. doi: 10.1016 / j.jmapro.2019.10.024.

[0052] Lam, Y.C., Zhai, L.Y., Tai, K., Fok, S.C. (2004). An evolutionary approach for cooling system optimization in plastic injection moulding. Int. J. of Pro. Research, 42(10):2047- 61 ,doi: 10.1080 / 00207540310001622412.

[0053] Li, C.L. (2001 ). A feature-based approach to injection mould cooling system design. Computer Aided Des., 33(14), pp.1073-90. doi: 10.1016 / 80010-4485(00)00144-5.

[0054] Li, C. G., Li, C.L., Liu, Y., Huang, Y. (2012). A new C -space method to automate the layout design of injection mould cooling system, Comput Aided Des., 44:811-23. doi: 10.1016 / j.cad.2012.01 .005.

[0055] Li, C.L., Li, C.G., Mok, A.C.K. (2005). Automatic layout design of plastic injection mould cooling system, Computer-Aided Design, 37(7), pp.645-662. doi:10.1016 / j.cad.2004.08.003.

[0056] Matsumori, T., Yamazaki, K., Matsui, Y. (2006). Optimization of cooling pipe system of plastic molding. In: IFIP international federation for information processing, system modeling and optimization, 199, 161-8. doi: 10.1007 / 0-387- 33006-2_15.

[0057] Matsumoto, T., Tanaka, M. (1993). Optimum design of cooling lines in injection moulds by using boundary element design sensitivity analysis, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 14:177-85.

[0058] Mercado-Colmenero, J.M., Rubio-Paramio, M. A., Marquez- Sevillano, J. J., Martin- Donate, C. A. (2018). New method for the automated design of cooling systems in injection molds, Computer-Aided Design, 104, pp.60-86. doi:10.1016 / j.cad.2018.06.001.

[0059] Opolski, S.W., Kwon, T.W. (1987). Injection molding cooling system desig., In: ANTEC’86, pp. 264-8. Qiao, H. (2006). A systematic computer-aided approach to cooling system optimal design in plastic injection molding, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 48(4):430-9. doi: 10.1016 / j.ijmecsci.2005.11.001.

[0060] Ronkay, F., Molnar, B., Dogossy, G. (2017). The effect of mold temperature on chemical foaming of injection molded recycled polyethylene-terephthalate, Thermochimica Acta, 651 , pp. 65-72. doi: 10.1016 / j.tca.2O17.02.013.

[0061] Tang, L.Q., Chassapis, C., Manoochehri, S. (1997). Optimal cooling system design for multi-cavity injection molding. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 26:229-51.

[0062] Turng, L.S., Wang, K.K. (1990). A computer-aided cooling-line design system for injection molds, J Eng Ind-Trans ASME, 112(2), pp.161-167. doi: 10.1115 / 1.2899560.

[0063] Wang, K. K. (1994). Twenty years of CIMP research towards CAE for injection molding, Advances in Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) of Polymer Processing, ASME, 1-5.

[0064] Xu, X., Sachs, E., Allen, S. (2001 ). The design of conformal cooling channels in injection molding tooling. Polymer Science and Engineering, 41 (7), 1265-79. doi: 10.1002 / pen.10827.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A composite winding primer (A) to enable product made of a composite material (B) to be produced by filament winding, laying and knitting technique to be separated from mold after said composite material (B) has cured and hardened, taking advantage of its lower coefficient of thermal expansion and contraction compared to metals, characterized by comprising:• a metal rod (1) with expansion and contraction properties, on which said composite material (B) is wound,• thermoelectric cooling units (3), which form the mentioned cooling block (2) by positioning them sequentially at certain intervals in order to reduce the ambient temperature by absorbing and carrying the heat from the layer on one side to the layer on the other side and cooling the layer from which the heat is taken, in case of DC voltage application,• a cooling block (2), in which thermoelectric cooling units (3) are located sequentially at certain intervals, located inside said metal rod (1) and extending between the two ends of said metal rod (1), to ensure that said metal rod (1) is cooled homogeneously and shrinks enough to separate said composite material (B) from said metal rod (1 ).

2. The composite winding primer (A) according to claim 1 , characterized by comprising a radiator (4) to ensure that the water inside said cooling block (2) cools and circulates.

3. The composite winding primer (A) according to claim 1 , characterized by comprising an electrical panel (5) to provide power for the operation of said thermoelectric cooler units (3).

4. The composite winding primer (A) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said metal rod (1 ) is in circular or cylindrical form with a complex geometry cross-section.

5. The composite winding primer (A) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by comprising 16 pieces of 12v 6.4a thermoelectric cooler units (3).

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