Transmission-type spectrum analysis device

Abstract

The present invention provides a transmission-type spectrum analysis device, comprising a spectrum analysis module and a coupling module. The coupling module allows for direct transmission of a high-power or ultra-high-power radio frequency signal and couples a small part of the radio frequency signal to the spectrum analysis module. The spectrum analysis module performs amplification and a frequency division sampling operation on the small part of the radio frequency signal, and then inputs same into a signal sampling and analysis unit. The signal sampling and analysis unit converts an analog signal into frequency domain information, and realizes spectrum analysis of some frequency bands of the high-power radio frequency signal by correcting the coupling degree. By repeating the frequency division sampling operation, spectrum information of the remaining different frequency bands in the high-power radio frequency signal can be continuously obtained, so as to realize a complete test of spectral characteristics of the high-power radio frequency signal. In addition, the transmission-type spectrum analysis device further integratedly comprises a display part, a power supply part and a communication part. The device has a simple structure, a small size, and a high level of integration, and is suitable for external field testing.

Description

A pass-through spectrum analysis device Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of radio spectrum signal management technology, and specifically relates to a through-type spectrum analysis device. Background Technology

[0002] A spectrum analyzer is an instrument used to study the spectral characteristics of high-frequency electrical signals. It is used to measure signal parameters such as signal distortion, modulation, spectral purity, frequency stability, and intermodulation distortion. It is a versatile general-purpose electronic measuring instrument.

[0003] Currently, most spectrum analyzers on the market are absorption-type single-port devices. The energy of the input signal under test is ultimately absorbed by the spectrum analyzer, and the maximum allowable input power is generally only 1W. Some high-power spectrum analyzers, because they integrate attenuators, can analyze even larger high-power signals, but their weight and size also increase significantly. The higher the power, the larger the weight and size, sometimes reaching 100kg, making them very inconvenient to carry. With the development of radio frequency and microwave technology, the radio frequency energy (power) used in communications, radar, and semiconductor processing is increasing, typically reaching kilowatt levels. To conveniently and quickly measure the spectral characteristics of high-power radio frequency signals, especially in outdoor environments such as field communication base stations, a compact and portable instrument for directly measuring the spectral characteristics of high-power radio frequency signals is essential.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a through-type spectrum analysis device that can directly measure high-power radio frequency signals or microwave signals and analyze their spectral characteristics.

[0006] This invention provides a through-type spectrum analysis device, comprising: a spectrum analysis module and a coupling module;

[0007] The spectrum analysis module includes: a first signal processing unit, a switching wave selection unit, and a signal sampling and analysis unit;

[0008] The coupling module couples out a portion of the radio frequency signal within the analysis frequency band to the first signal processing unit. After processing the radio frequency signal, the first signal processing unit inputs the radio frequency signal to the switching selection unit.

[0009] After the switching and selection unit divides the radio frequency signal into different frequency bands, it switches the frequency division signals of different frequency bands to the signal sampling and analysis unit, which performs spectrum analysis on the frequency division signals.

[0010] Furthermore, the coupling unit includes a coupling cavity;

[0011] The coupling cavity is used to guide the radio frequency signal within the analysis frequency band through, and to couple out a portion of the radio frequency signal within the analysis frequency band.

[0012] Furthermore, the first signal processing unit includes a low-noise amplifier;

[0013] The low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the radio frequency signal and input the radio frequency signal to the switching selection unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the signal sampling and analysis unit includes a filter bank and a switching switch; the filter bank is used to divide the radio frequency signal into multiple frequency bands; the switching switch is used to control the filter bank to output frequency-divided signals of different frequency bands.

[0015] Furthermore, the spectrum analysis module also includes a frequency conversion unit, which is used to perform frequency conversion processing on the frequency-divided signal.

[0016] Furthermore, the frequency conversion unit includes: a mixer and a local oscillator signal source;

[0017] The local oscillator signal source is used to provide the local oscillator signal;

[0018] The mixer is used to mix the local oscillator signal with the frequency division signal and down-convert the frequency division signal into an intermediate frequency signal.

[0019] Furthermore, the spectrum analysis module also includes a second signal processing unit, which is used to amplify and filter the intermediate frequency signal.

[0020] Furthermore, the second signal processing unit includes: an intermediate frequency amplifier and an intermediate frequency filter;

[0021] The intermediate frequency amplifier is used to amplify the intermediate frequency signal;

[0022] The intermediate frequency filter is used to filter out noise in the intermediate frequency signal.

[0023] Furthermore, the signal sampling and analysis unit includes an ADC acquisition unit; the ADC acquisition unit is used to convert the intermediate frequency signal into a digital signal.

[0024] Furthermore, the signal sampling and analysis unit also includes an FPGA data processing unit;

[0025] The FPGA data processing unit is used to control the switching selection unit to output frequency division signals of different frequency bands to the frequency conversion unit, and to control the frequency conversion unit to perform frequency conversion processing on the frequency division signals.

[0026] The FPGA data processing unit is also used to convert the digital signal output by the ADC acquisition unit into frequency domain information.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0028] The through-type spectrum analysis device provided by this invention includes a spectrum analysis module and a coupling module. The coupling module can directly pass a high-power radio frequency (RF) signal and couple a small portion of the RF signal to the spectrum analysis module. The spectrum analysis module amplifies and performs frequency division sampling on this small portion of the RF signal before inputting it to a signal sampling and analysis unit. The signal sampling and analysis unit converts the analog signal into frequency domain information, enabling analysis of a portion of the high-power RF signal's frequency bands. Repeated frequency division sampling operations can continuously acquire information from other different frequency bands within the high-power RF signal, achieving complete testing of the high-power RF signal, including its spectral characteristics and power information. The aforementioned through-type spectrum analysis device has a simple structure and is suitable for field testing. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of each module in a through-type spectrum analyzer in one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 shows a spectrum measured and displayed by a through-type spectrum analyzer when a high-power signal passes through in one embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 shows the signal spectrum displayed on the spectrum analyzer after a high-power signal passes through an attenuator and a spectrum analyzer in sequence in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described with reference to schematic diagrams, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the invention described herein while still achieving its advantageous effects. Therefore, the following description should be understood as being of general knowledge to those skilled in the art and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0033] The invention is described more specifically by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used for the purpose of conveniently and clearly illustrating the embodiments of the invention.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1. This embodiment provides a through-type spectrum analysis device, including a spectrum analysis module 1 and a coupling module 2.

[0035] The coupling module 2 is used to couple a small portion of the high-power radio frequency signal to the spectrum analysis module 1, and the spectrum analysis module 1 is used to perform signal processing and signal analysis on the coupled radio frequency signal.

[0036] Specifically, the spectrum analysis module 1 includes: a first signal processing unit, a switching selection unit, and a signal sampling analysis unit; the coupling module 2 couples out a portion of the radio frequency signal within the analysis frequency band to the signal amplification unit; the first signal processing unit processes the radio frequency signal and then inputs the radio frequency signal to the switching selection unit; the switching selection unit divides the radio frequency signal into different frequency bands and switches the frequency division signals of different frequency bands to the signal sampling analysis unit; the signal sampling analysis unit performs spectrum analysis on the frequency division signals.

[0037] The coupling module 2 in the aforementioned through-type spectrum analysis device can directly transmit high-power radio frequency signals, such as 10 kW or 30 kW signals, and couple a small portion of them to the spectrum analysis module 1. The spectrum analysis module 1 amplifies, divides, and samples this small portion of the radio frequency signal before inputting it to the signal sampling and analysis unit to convert it into frequency domain information. This through-type spectrum analysis device can measure the signal characteristics of high-power radio frequency signals exceeding 1 watt in segments, and its simple structure makes it suitable for field testing.

[0038] In one specific embodiment, the spectrum analysis module 1 and the coupling module 2 are integrated into one unit to form a miniaturized spectrum analysis device, which is easy to carry off-site.

[0039] In another specific embodiment, the spectrum analysis module 1 can measure high-power radio frequency signals exceeding 1 kilowatt, as well as low-power and micro-power radio frequency signals, such as radio frequency signals ranging from -40dBm to +10dBm.

[0040] In another specific embodiment, the spectrum analysis module 1 can measure, but is not limited to, signal frequency, signal amplitude, signal power, signal distortion, modulation, spectral purity, and frequency stability.

[0041] In another specific embodiment, the coupling unit includes a coupling cavity with a special electromagnetic field distribution inside, which can smoothly guide the radio frequency signal within the analysis frequency band and couple out a portion of the radio frequency signal within the analysis frequency band. The coupling method is not specifically limited here; for example, a specific port or antenna can be set at the edge of the coupling cavity to extract this weak radio frequency signal.

[0042] In another specific embodiment, the first signal processing unit includes a low-noise amplifier; the low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the small radio frequency signal extracted by the coupling cavity and input the radio frequency signal to the switching selection unit.

[0043] In another specific embodiment, the signal sampling and analysis unit includes a filter bank and a switching switch; the filter bank is used to divide the radio frequency signal into multiple frequency bands; the switching switch is used to control the filter bank to output frequency-divided signals for different frequency bands. The number and type of filters are not specifically limited here; for example, the filter bank may include N bandpass filters, N low-pass filters, and / or N high-pass filters. The number and type of switches are also not specifically limited here; for example, N analog switches, N digital switches, and / or N radio frequency switches may be used.

[0044] In a specific example, when performing spectrum analysis on an RF signal with a frequency range of 4kHz to 40GHz, N bandpass filters with different center frequencies can be set within the filter bank to divide the entire frequency band to be analyzed into N frequency bands. For example: Band 1: 4kHz-2MHz; Band 2: 2MHz-10MHz; Band N: 30GHz-40GHz, with each bandpass filter covering one frequency band. N switching switches are controlled by N control signals, each corresponding to a filter, used to control the opening and closing of that filter. Assuming that the signal in Band 2 (2MHz-10MHz) needs to be analyzed, the control signal controls any switching switch to open the third filter and close the other filters, inputting the divided signal to the frequency conversion unit.

[0045] Furthermore, the through-type spectrum analysis device provided in this embodiment also includes a frequency conversion unit, which is used to perform frequency conversion processing on the frequency-divided signal. The purpose of frequency conversion is to convert the high-frequency radio frequency signal into an intermediate frequency signal suitable for the sampling rate of the sampling analysis unit, so as to achieve effective analysis of the radio frequency signal.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, the frequency conversion unit includes a mixer and a local oscillator signal source. The local oscillator signal source provides a stable local oscillator signal, such as a high-frequency sine wave signal. The mixer mixes the local oscillator signal with the frequency-divided signal, thereby down-converting the frequency-divided signal to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal. During the mixing process, the local oscillator signal and the radio frequency (RF) signal are multiplied by phase to generate a composite signal with two frequencies: one frequency is the sum of the local oscillator signal and the RF signal frequencies, and the other is their difference. Through selective filtering in the mixer circuit, the desired difference frequency signal can be extracted to achieve frequency conversion.

[0047] Furthermore, the through-type spectrum analysis device provided in this embodiment also includes a second signal processing unit, which is used to amplify and filter the intermediate frequency signal. The purpose of signal amplification and filtering is to remove noise or other signal interference that may be contained in the intermediate frequency signal, improve the stability of the intermediate frequency signal, and provide a higher quality input signal for subsequent digital signal processing.

[0048] In one specific embodiment, the second signal processing unit includes an intermediate frequency amplifier and an intermediate frequency filter; the intermediate frequency amplifier is used to amplify the intermediate frequency signal; the intermediate frequency filter is used to filter out noise in the intermediate frequency signal and suppress out-of-band noise and interference.

[0049] Preferably, the second processing unit may further include an automatic gain control circuit, an intermediate frequency attenuator, an RF suppression filter, and a phase equalizer; the automatic gain control circuit is used to ensure that the amplified intermediate frequency signal is within a suitable amplitude range to avoid signal distortion; the intermediate frequency attenuator is used to automatically adjust the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal to adapt to different signal input amplitude ranges; the RF suppression filter is used to suppress RF leakage that may be generated by the intermediate frequency amplifier to avoid interference with the RF circuit; the phase equalizer is used to correct the phase distortion of the intermediate frequency signal and improve the linearity of the frequency response. The above design can improve the stability of the second processing unit, making it better adaptable to the amplitude and frequency characteristics of different signals, and providing a high-quality signal source for subsequent signal processing.

[0050] In another specific embodiment, the signal sampling and analysis unit includes an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) acquisition unit; the ADC acquisition unit converts the intermediate frequency signal into a digital signal and, by correcting the coupling degree, realizes spectrum analysis of a portion of the frequency band of the high-power radio frequency signal.

[0051] In another specific embodiment, the signal sampling and analysis unit further includes an FPGA data processing unit (Field-Programmable Gate Array). The FPGA data processing unit can control the switching selection unit to sequentially switch and select different frequency bands within the frequency band from the start to the end of the band, and output the allocation signal of any frequency band to the frequency conversion unit. The FPGA data processing unit can also control the frequency conversion unit to perform frequency conversion processing on the frequency-divided signal. After the frequency-divided signal is sequentially input to the second signal processing unit and the ADC sampling unit, the FPGA data processing unit collects the discrete digital signal provided by the ADC sampling unit, and converts the digital signal into a series of frequency domain information composed of sine or cosine functions through the Fourier transform algorithm, thereby realizing the spectrum analysis of the frequency-divided signal.

[0052] Using the specific structures of the spectrum analysis module 1 and coupling module 2 provided in the above embodiments, the specific workflow of the through-type spectrum analysis device is as follows:

[0053] A high-power signal is input to coupling module 2, which couples out a portion of the radio frequency (RF) signal. The coupled RF signal is amplified by a first signal processing unit to obtain sufficient power. The first signal processing unit inputs the RF signal to a switching selection unit. The FPGA data processing unit controls the switching selection unit to sequentially switch and select different frequency bands within the RF signal's frequency band from the start to the end of the band, and outputs a frequency division signal of any band to a frequency conversion unit. The frequency conversion unit down-converts the frequency division signal to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal for ADC sampling. The IF signal is input to a second signal processing unit, which amplifies and filters the IF signal before inputting it to an ADC acquisition unit. The ADC acquisition unit converts the analog signal to a digital signal and inputs the digital signal to the FPGA data processing unit. The FPGA data processing unit converts the digital signal to frequency domain information to obtain the spectral information of a portion of the frequency band in the entire signal band. The process involves the FPGA controlling the switching and selection unit to select different frequency bands in sequence, the frequency conversion unit down-converting the frequency, the second signal processing unit processing the signal, the ADC sampling, and finally the FPGA processing and displaying the spectrum. This process is repeated until the entire frequency band is covered, thus realizing the analysis of the entire frequency band signal.

[0054] It is understood that the specific units set in the spectrum analysis module 1 provided in this embodiment can be selected according to the actual situation, including but not limited to the specific embodiments described above.

[0055] Preferably, the through-type spectrum analysis device further integrates an electronic touch screen. The FPGA data processing unit can control the electronic touch screen to display the spectrum information.

[0056] Preferably, the through-type spectrum analyzer also integrates a power supply interface and a remote communication interface. The power supply interface is used to supply power to the through-type spectrum analyzer, and the remote communication interface is used to realize remote control and data transmission of the device.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 2, which shows the spectrum diagram measured and displayed by the through-type spectrum analyzer in this embodiment when a high-power signal passes through. Please refer to Figure 3, which shows the signal spectrum diagram displayed on the spectrum analyzer after the RF signal output terminal of the through-type spectrum analyzer is connected to an attenuator and a spectrum analyzer in sequence when the same RF signal is connected in this embodiment. It can be seen that the signal power value and spectrum diagram displayed in the through-type high-power spectrum analyzer are almost the same as the signal power value and spectrum diagram displayed on the spectrum analyzer, which confirms that the through-type spectrum analyzer provided in this embodiment can directly analyze high-power signals.

[0058] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A through-type spectrum analysis device, characterized in that, include: Spectrum analysis module and coupling module; The spectrum analysis module includes: a first signal processing unit, a switching wave selection unit, and a signal sampling and analysis unit; The coupling module couples out a portion of the radio frequency signal within the analysis frequency band to the first signal processing unit. After the first signal processing unit processes the radio frequency signal, it inputs the radio frequency signal to the switching selection unit. After the switching and selection unit divides the radio frequency signal into different frequency bands, it switches the frequency division signals of different frequency bands to the signal sampling and analysis unit, which then analyzes the frequency division signals.

2. The through-type spectrum analysis device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling unit includes a coupling cavity; The coupling cavity is used to guide the radio frequency signal within the analysis frequency band through, and to couple out a portion of the radio frequency signal within the analysis frequency band.

3. The through-type spectrum analysis device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first signal processing unit includes a low-noise amplifier; The low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the radio frequency signal and input the radio frequency signal to the switching selection unit.

4. The through-type spectrum analysis device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal sampling and analysis unit includes a filter bank and a switching switch; The filter bank is used to divide the radio frequency signal into multiple frequency bands; The switching switch is used to control the output of different frequency bands of the filter bank.

5. The through-type spectrum analysis device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spectrum analysis module also includes a frequency conversion unit, which is used to perform frequency conversion processing on the frequency-divided signal.

6. The through-type spectrum analysis device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The frequency conversion unit includes: a mixer and a local oscillator signal source; The local oscillator signal source is used to provide the local oscillator signal; The mixer is used to mix the local oscillator signal with the frequency division signal and down-convert the frequency division signal into an intermediate frequency signal.

7. The through-type spectrum analysis device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The spectrum analysis module further includes a second signal processing unit, which is used to amplify and filter the intermediate frequency signal.

8. The through-type spectrum analysis device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The second signal processing unit includes: an intermediate frequency amplifier and an intermediate frequency filter; The intermediate frequency amplifier is used to amplify the intermediate frequency signal; The intermediate frequency filter is used to filter out noise in the intermediate frequency signal.

9. The through-type spectrum analysis device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The signal sampling and analysis unit includes an ADC acquisition unit; The ADC acquisition unit is used to convert the intermediate frequency signal into a digital signal.

10. The through-type spectrum analysis device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The signal sampling and analysis unit also includes an FPGA data processing unit; The FPGA data processing unit is used to control the switching selection unit to output frequency division signals of different frequency bands to the frequency conversion unit, and to control the frequency conversion unit to perform frequency conversion processing on the frequency division signals. The FPGA data processing unit is also used to convert the digital signal output by the ADC acquisition unit into frequency domain information.

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