Voltage conversion circuit and method for driving voltage conversion circuit

Abstract

The present application provides a voltage conversion circuit and a method for driving the voltage conversion circuit. The voltage conversion circuit comprises a body part and a driving part. The driving part comprises a fourth driving unit. The fourth driving unit comprises a fourth driver, a fourth driving capacitor unit, and a fourth driving switch unit. A second power supply end of the fourth driver is connected to a second end of a fourth switch unit; and an output end of the fourth driver is connected to a control end of the fourth switch unit. The fourth driving capacitor unit is connected between two power supply ends of the fourth driver. A first end of the fourth driving switch unit is connected to a first end of the fourth driving capacitor unit; and a second end of the fourth driving switch unit is connected to a first end of a second capacitor unit, so that the fourth driving switch unit can be charged by the second capacitor unit. Due to the driving of a fourth switch unit, the capacitance introduced into a circuit body part and not the input voltage is used to charge a corresponding drive capacitor, thereby reducing the voltage difference loss of a switch of a driving part.

Description

Methods for voltage conversion circuits and driving voltage conversion circuits

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410527799.3, filed on April 25, 2024, entitled "Voltage Conversion Circuit and Method for Driving Voltage Conversion Circuit", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of circuits, and more specifically, to a voltage conversion circuit and a method for driving the voltage conversion circuit. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of consumer electronics products such as mobile phones, tablets, and laptops, people's requirements for wired / wireless charging power of electronic products have gradually increased. The charging power has ranged from 5W, 20W, 40W to even more than 100W. Fast charging usually includes a constant current (CC) charging stage, in which a larger current is used to charge the battery of the electronic device.

[0004] To accommodate larger currents, a voltage conversion circuit with a 4:1 voltage conversion ratio, as shown in Figure 1, can be used. However, in the voltage conversion circuit shown in Figure 1, the driving of some switches requires the input voltage to be supplied through the driving transistor, resulting in voltage drop losses on the driving transistor and thus a large driving loss for the entire circuit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a voltage conversion circuit and a method for driving the voltage conversion circuit, which can reduce driving losses.

[0006] In a first aspect, a voltage conversion circuit is provided, comprising: a first switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to an input terminal; a first capacitor unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the first switching unit; a second switching unit, a second terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the first capacitor unit; a third switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the first capacitor unit, and the second terminal of which is connected to a ground terminal; a fourth switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the first switching unit; a fifth switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a first terminal of the second switching unit, and the second terminal of which is connected to an output terminal; a sixth switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the fifth switching unit; a seventh switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the sixth switching unit, and the second terminal of which is connected to a ground terminal; a second capacitor unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a first terminal of the fifth switching unit, and the second terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the sixth switching unit; and an eighth switching unit, wherein... The first end of the eighth switching unit is connected to the second end of the fourth switching unit, and the second end of the eighth switching unit is connected to the output terminal; the ninth switching unit has its first end connected to the second end of the eighth switching unit; the third capacitor unit has its first end connected to the second end of the fourth switching unit, and the second end of the third capacitor unit is connected to the second end of the ninth switching unit; the tenth switching unit has its first end connected to the second end of the ninth switching unit, and the second end of the tenth switching unit is connected to the ground terminal; the fourth driving unit includes a fourth driver, a fourth driving capacitor unit, and a fourth driving switching unit; the second power supply terminal of the fourth driver is connected to the second end of the fourth switching unit, and the output terminal of the fourth driver is connected to the control terminal of the fourth switching unit; the first end of the fourth driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the fourth driver, and the second end of the fourth driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the fourth driver; the first end of the fourth driving switching unit is connected to the first end of the fourth driving capacitor unit, and the second end of the fourth driving switching unit is connected to the first end of the second capacitor unit.

[0007] In this embodiment, the fourth driving capacitor unit can supply power to the fourth driver. When the fourth driving switch unit is turned on, the fourth driving capacitor unit can be charged through the second capacitor unit. Thus, the charging of the fourth driving capacitor unit introduces the voltage at the first terminal of the second capacitor unit instead of the input voltage, reducing the voltage difference loss across the fourth driving switch unit.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the voltage conversion circuit includes a first driving unit, the first driving unit including a first driver, a first driving capacitor unit, and a first driving switch unit; the second power supply terminal of the first driver is connected to the second terminal of the first switch unit, and the output terminal of the first driver is connected to the control terminal of the first switch unit; the first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the first driver, and the second terminal of the first driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the first driver; the first terminal of the first driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit, and the second terminal of the first driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit.

[0009] In this embodiment, the first driving capacitor unit can supply power to the first driver, and when the first driving switch unit is turned on, the fourth driving capacitor unit can charge the first driving capacitor unit. Compared to introducing an input voltage for charging, this reduces the driving losses of the switching transistor (first driving switch unit) involved in driving the first switch unit.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the voltage conversion circuit includes a second driving unit, the second driving unit including a second driver, a second driving capacitor unit, and a second driving switch unit; the second power supply terminal of the second driver is connected to the second terminal of the second switch unit, and the output terminal of the second driver is connected to the control terminal of the second switch unit; the first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the second driver, and the second terminal of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the second driver; the first terminal of the second driving switch unit is connected to a first voltage source, and the second terminal of the second driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit.

[0011] In this embodiment, the second driving capacitor unit can supply power to the second driver. When the second driving switch unit is turned on, the first voltage source can charge the second driving capacitor unit. The first voltage source is lower than the input voltage, thereby reducing the voltage drop loss caused by introducing the input voltage for charging.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the voltage conversion circuit includes an eighth driving unit, which includes an eighth driver, a third driving capacitor unit, and a fifth driving switch unit; the second power supply terminal of the eighth driver is connected to the second terminal of the eighth switch unit, and the output terminal of the eighth driver is connected to the control terminal of the eighth switch unit; the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the eighth driver, and the second terminal of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the eighth driver; the first terminal of the fifth driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor unit, and the second terminal of the fifth driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit.

[0013] In this embodiment, the third driving capacitor unit can supply power to the eighth driver. When the fifth driving switch unit is turned on, the third capacitor unit can charge the third driving capacitor unit, and the voltage difference loss of the fifth driving switch unit is small.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the voltage conversion circuit includes a fifth driving unit, the fifth driving unit includes a fifth driver; the first power supply terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit, the second power supply terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the second terminal of the fifth switching unit, and the output terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the control terminal of the fifth switching unit.

[0015] The power supply for the fifth driver can still be provided by the third driver capacitor unit.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the fifth driving unit further includes a third driving switch unit, wherein a first end of the third driving switch unit is connected to a first end of the second capacitor unit, and a second end of the third driving switch unit is connected to a first end of the third driving capacitor unit.

[0017] When the third drive switch unit is turned on, the third drive capacitor unit can be charged by the second capacitor unit. The voltage drop loss on the third drive switch unit is relatively small.

[0018] Adding M3 increases the charging path of the third drive capacitor unit that powers the two drivers, thus improving the driving effect.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, any one of the first driving switch unit, the second driving switch unit, the third driving switch unit, the fourth driving switch unit, and the fifth driving switch unit is a diode or a transistor.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the voltage conversion circuit includes a first driving unit, a second driving unit, a fifth driving unit, a fourth driving unit, an eighth driving unit, and a third driving switch unit. When the voltage conversion circuit is working, it operates in a periodic series of time periods, each time period including a first time period and a second time period. During the first time period, the third driving switch unit and the fourth driving switch unit are turned on, while the first driving switch unit, the second driving switch unit, and the fifth driving switch unit are turned off. During the second time period, the first driving switch unit, the second driving switch unit, and the fifth driving switch unit are turned on, while the third driving switch unit and the fourth driving switch unit are turned off.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit is the same as the voltage between the two power supply terminals of the first driver, the second driver, the fourth driver, the fifth driver, and the eighth driver during operation.

[0022] When the voltage at both power supply terminals is the same as the voltage at the output terminal when the driver is working, and the on-state voltage drop when the drive switching unit is turned on is not considered (approximately 0.3V for transistors and approximately 0.3 to 0.7V for diodes), then there is no voltage drop loss in the drive switching unit.

[0023] Secondly, a voltage conversion circuit is provided, comprising: a first switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to an input terminal; a first capacitor unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the first switching unit; a second switching unit, a second terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the first capacitor unit; a third switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the first capacitor unit and a second terminal of which is connected to a ground terminal; a fourth switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the first switching unit; a fifth switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a first terminal of the second switching unit and a second terminal of which is connected to an output terminal; a sixth switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the fifth switching unit; a seventh switching unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the sixth switching unit and a second terminal of which is connected to a ground terminal; a second capacitor unit, a first terminal of which is connected to a first terminal of the fifth switching unit and a second terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the sixth switching unit; and an eighth switching unit. The system comprises: an eighth switching unit, wherein the first end of the eighth switching unit is connected to the second end of the fourth switching unit, and the second end of the eighth switching unit is connected to the output terminal; a ninth switching unit, wherein the first end of the ninth switching unit is connected to the second end of the eighth switching unit; a third capacitor unit, wherein the first end of the third capacitor unit is connected to the second end of the fourth switching unit, and the second end of the third capacitor unit is connected to the second end of the ninth switching unit; a tenth switching unit, wherein the first end of the tenth switching unit is connected to the second end of the ninth switching unit, and the second end of the tenth switching unit is connected to the ground terminal; a second driving unit, comprising a second driver, a second driving capacitor unit, and a second driving switching unit; the second power supply terminal of the second driver is connected to the second end of the second switching unit, and the output terminal of the second driver is connected to the control terminal of the second switching unit; the first end of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the second driver, and the second end of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the second driver; the first end of the second driving switching unit is connected to the first voltage source, and the second end of the second driving switching unit is connected to the first end of the second driving capacitor unit.

[0024] Thirdly, a method for driving a voltage conversion circuit is provided, the voltage conversion circuit comprising: a first switching unit, a first terminal of the first switching unit being connected to an input terminal; a first capacitor unit, a first terminal of the first capacitor unit being connected to a second terminal of the first switching unit; a second switching unit, a second terminal of the second switching unit being connected to a second terminal of the first capacitor unit; a third switching unit, a first terminal of the third switching unit being connected to a second terminal of the first capacitor unit, and a second terminal of the third switching unit being connected to a ground terminal; a fourth switching unit, a first terminal of the fourth switching unit being connected to a second terminal of the first switching unit; and a fifth switching unit, a first terminal of the fifth switching unit being connected to a ground terminal. First terminal, the second terminal of the fifth switching unit is connected to the output terminal; sixth switching unit, the first terminal of the sixth switching unit is connected to the second terminal of the fifth switching unit; seventh switching unit, the first terminal of the seventh switching unit is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switching unit, and the second terminal of the seventh switching unit is connected to the ground terminal; second capacitor unit, the first terminal of the second capacitor unit is connected to the first terminal of the fifth switching unit, and the second terminal of the second capacitor unit is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switching unit; eighth switching unit, the first terminal of the eighth switching unit is connected to the second terminal of the fourth switching unit, and the second terminal of the eighth switching unit is connected to the output terminal; ninth switching unit, the first terminal of the ninth switching unit... The fourth capacitor unit has its first end connected to the second end of the eighth switch unit, and its second end is connected to the second end of the ninth switch unit; the tenth switch unit has its first end connected to the second end of the ninth switch unit, and its second end is connected to the ground terminal; the fourth drive unit includes a fourth driver, a fourth drive capacitor unit, and a fourth drive switch unit; the second power supply terminal of the fourth driver is connected to the second end of the fourth switch unit, and the output terminal of the fourth driver is connected to the control terminal of the fourth switch unit; the first end of the fourth drive capacitor unit is connected to the ground terminal; the fourth drive capacitor unit has its first end connected to the ground terminal; the fourth drive ... The fourth driver has a first power supply terminal, and the second terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the fourth driver; the first terminal of the fourth driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit, and the second terminal of the fourth driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor unit; when the voltage conversion circuit is working, the voltage conversion circuit operates in a periodic multiple time periods, each time period including a first time period and a second time period in sequence; during the first time period, the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor unit through the fourth driving switch unit; during the second time period, the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit is disconnected from the first terminal of the second capacitor unit;The method includes: during a first time period, inputting a cutoff control signal to the input terminal of the fourth driver, and outputting a signal from the output terminal of the fourth driver according to the cutoff control signal to cause the fourth switching unit to be cut off during the first time period; during a second time period, inputting a conduction control signal to the input terminal of the fourth driver, and outputting a signal from the output terminal of the fourth driver according to the conduction control signal to cause the fourth switching unit to be conducted during the second time period.

[0025] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the voltage conversion circuit includes a first driving unit, which includes a first driver, a first driving capacitor unit, and a first driving switch unit; the second power supply terminal of the first driver is connected to the second terminal of the first switch unit, and the output terminal of the first driver is connected to the control terminal of the first switch unit; the first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the first driver, and the second terminal of the first driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the first driver; the first terminal of the first driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit, and the second terminal of the first driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit; during the first time period, the The first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit is disconnected from the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit; during the second time period, the first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit is connected to the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit through the first driving switch unit; the method further includes: during the first time period, inputting a conduction control signal to the input terminal of the first driver, and outputting a signal from the output terminal of the first driver according to the conduction control signal to make the first switch unit conduct during the first time period; during the second time period, inputting a cutoff control signal to the input terminal of the first driver, and outputting a signal from the output terminal of the first driver according to the cutoff control signal to make the first switch unit cut off during the second time period.

[0026] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the voltage conversion circuit includes a second driving unit, which includes a second driver, a second driving capacitor unit, and a second driving switch unit; the second power supply terminal of the second driver is connected to the second terminal of the second switch unit, and the output terminal of the second driver is connected to the control terminal of the second switch unit; the first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the second driver, and the second terminal of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the second driver; the first terminal of the second driving switch unit is connected to a first voltage source, and the second terminal of the second driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit; during the first time period, the first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit is disconnected from the first voltage source; during the second time period, the first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the first voltage source through the second driving switch unit; the method further includes: during the first time period, inputting a turn-on control signal to the input terminal of the second driver, and the output terminal of the second driver outputting a signal from the output terminal of the second driver according to the turn-on control signal to turn on the second switch unit during the first time period; during the second time period, inputting a cut-off control signal to the input terminal of the second driver, and the output terminal of the second driver outputting a signal from the output terminal of the second driver according to the cut-off control signal to turn off the second switch unit during the second time period.

[0027] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the voltage conversion circuit includes an eighth driving unit, which includes an eighth driver, a third driving capacitor unit, and a fifth driving switch unit; the second power supply terminal of the eighth driver is connected to the second terminal of the eighth switch unit, and the output terminal of the eighth driver is connected to the control terminal of the eighth switch unit; the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the eighth driver, and the second terminal of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the eighth driver; the first terminal of the fifth driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor unit, and the second terminal of the fifth driving switch unit is connected to the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit; during the first time period, the The first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit is disconnected from the first terminal of the third capacitor unit; during the second time period, the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor unit through the fifth driving switch unit; the method further includes: during the first time period, inputting a conduction control signal to the input terminal of the eighth driver, and outputting a signal from the output terminal of the eighth driver according to the conduction control signal to make the eighth switch unit conduct during the first time period; during the second time period, inputting a cutoff control signal to the input terminal of the eighth driver, and outputting a signal from the output terminal of the eighth driver according to the cutoff control signal to make the eighth switch unit cut off during the second time period.

[0028] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the voltage conversion circuit includes a fifth driving unit, which includes a fifth driver; the first power supply terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit, the second power supply terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the second terminal of the fifth switching unit, and the output terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the control terminal of the fifth switching unit; during the first time period, a cutoff control signal is input to the input terminal of the fifth driver, and the output terminal of the fifth driver outputs a signal according to the cutoff control signal to cause the fifth switching unit to be cut off during the first time period; during the second time period, a conduction control signal is input to the input terminal of the fifth driver, and the output terminal of the fifth driver outputs a signal according to the conduction control signal to cause the fifth switching unit to be conducted during the second time period.

[0029] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the fifth driving unit further includes a third driving switch unit, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the second capacitor unit, and the second end of which is connected to the first end of the third driving capacitor unit; during the first time period, the first end of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the first end of the second capacitor unit through the third driving switch unit; during the second time period, the first end of the third driving capacitor unit is disconnected from the first end of the second capacitor unit.

[0030] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, any one of the first driving switch unit, the second driving switch unit, the third driving switch unit, the fourth driving switch unit, and the fifth driving switch unit is a diode or a transistor.

[0031] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit is the same as the voltage between the two power supply terminals of the first driver, the second driver, the fourth driver, the fifth driver, and the eighth driver during operation.

[0032] Fourthly, a charging circuit is provided, including the voltage conversion circuit as described in the first aspect or any implementation thereof, or the second aspect.

[0033] Fifthly, an electronic device is provided, including a voltage conversion circuit as described in the first aspect or any implementation thereof, or a charging circuit as described in the second aspect, or a charging circuit as described in the third aspect.

[0034] In a sixth aspect, a charging device is provided, comprising a voltage conversion circuit as described in the first aspect or any implementation thereof, or a charging circuit as described in the second aspect, or a charging circuit as described in the third aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage conversion circuit.

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first time segment of the main body of the voltage conversion circuit provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the second time segment of the main body of the voltage conversion circuit provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the voltage conversion circuit provided in the embodiment of this application during the first time period.

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the voltage conversion circuit provided in the embodiment of this application in the second time period.

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the voltage conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, embodiments, claims, and drawings of this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order. Words such as "connected," "linked," etc., are used to express the interconnection or interaction between different components and may include being connected, directly connected, or indirectly connected through other components. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as including a series of steps or units. A method, system, product, or device is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0044] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0045] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 4:1 voltage conversion circuit. The circuit includes a main body and a driving section. The main body includes transistors Q1 to Q10 and capacitors C1 to C3. Figure 1 schematically shows the driving section that drives transistors Q1, Q2, and Q4. The driving section includes transistors M1 to M3 and capacitor Cbt1.

[0046] The voltage conversion circuit operates in multiple periodic time periods, each consisting of a first time period and a second time period. During the first time period, transistors Q1, Q2, Q6, Q8, and Q10 are turned on, while transistors Q3, Q4, Q5, Q7, and Q9 are turned off. During the second time period, transistors Q3, Q4, Q5, Q7, and Q9 are turned on, while transistors Q1, Q2, Q6, Q8, and Q10 are turned off. The input voltage V... in and output voltage V out Satisfying relation: V in =4V out The voltage across capacitor C1 is 2V. out The voltage across capacitors C2 and C3 is V. out .

[0047] With V in For example, if the voltage is 20V, then the voltages across capacitors C1, C2, and C3 are 10V, 5V, and 5V, respectively.

[0048] As shown in the figure, M1 is the switch on the power supply path of the driver D2 of transistor Q2, M2 is the switch on the power supply path of the driver D4 of transistor Q4, and M3 is the switch on the power supply path of the driver D1 of transistor Q1. The operating voltage of the drivers for transistors Q1, Q2, and Q4 can all be 5V.

[0049] During the first time period, transistors Q1, Q2, Q6, Q8, and Q10 are turned on. Switch M1 is turned on, thus supplying power to V. in Power is supplied to the driver D2 of transistor Q2, enabling the driver D2 to turn on transistor Q2. The voltage at the second power supply terminal D of driver D2 is 10V, and the voltage drop across driver D2 is 5V. Therefore, the voltage at the first power supply terminal C is 15V, and the power supply voltage is 20V. Thus, there is a 5V voltage drop loss across switch M1.

[0050] During the second time period, transistors Q3, Q4, Q5, Q7, and Q9 are turned on.

[0051] When switch M3 is turned on, it supplies power to the driving capacitor Cbt1 of the driver D1 of transistor Q1. This ensures that when M3 is turned off during the first period, the driving capacitor Cbt1 can supply power to the driver D1 to drive transistor Q1 to turn on. The voltage at point B, the second power supply terminal of the driver D1 that drives transistor Q1, is 10V. The voltage drop across driver D1 is 5V, so the voltage at point A, the first power supply terminal of driver D1, is 15V. There is a 5V voltage drop loss across switch M3.

[0052] When switch M2 is turned on, it supplies power to driver D4 of transistor Q4, enabling driver D4 to drive Q4 to conduct. The voltage at the second power supply terminal of driver D4 is 10V, and the voltage at the first power supply terminal of driver D4 is 15V, resulting in a 5V voltage drop loss across switch M2.

[0053] As a result, the driving loss of the entire voltage conversion circuit is relatively large, and the circuit efficiency is relatively low.

[0054] This application provides a schematic structural diagram of a voltage conversion circuit, which can reduce the driving loss of the voltage conversion circuit.

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, the voltage conversion circuit includes a main body and a driving part.

[0056] The main body includes a first switch unit Q1, a second switch unit Q2, a third switch unit Q3, a fourth switch unit Q4, a fifth switch unit Q5, a sixth switch unit Q6, a seventh switch unit Q7, an eighth switch unit Q8, a ninth switch unit Q9, a tenth switch unit Q10, a first capacitor unit C1, a second capacitor unit C2, and a third capacitor unit C3.

[0057] The first terminal of the first switching unit Q1 is connected to the input terminal and can receive the input voltage V. in The first terminal of the first capacitor unit C1 is connected to the second terminal of the first switch unit Q1; the second terminal of the second switch unit Q2 is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor unit C1; the first terminal of the third switch unit Q3 is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor unit C1, and the second terminal of the third switch unit Q3 is connected to the ground terminal GND; the first terminal of the fourth switch unit Q4 is connected to the second terminal of the first switch unit Q1; the first terminal of the fifth switch unit Q5 is connected to the first terminal of the second switch unit Q2, and the second terminal of the fifth switch unit Q5 is connected to the output terminal for outputting voltage V. outThe first terminal of the sixth switch unit Q6 is connected to the second terminal of the fifth switch unit Q5; the first terminal of the seventh switch unit Q7 is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switch unit Q6, and the second terminal of the seventh switch unit Q7 is connected to the ground terminal GND; the first terminal of the second capacitor unit C2 is connected to the first terminal of the fifth switch unit Q5, and the second terminal of the second capacitor unit C2 is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switch unit Q6; the first terminal of the eighth switch unit Q8 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth switch unit Q4, and the second terminal of the eighth switch unit Q8 is connected to the output terminal; the first terminal of the ninth switch unit Q9 is connected to the second terminal of the eighth switch unit Q8; the first terminal of the third capacitor unit C3 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth switch unit Q4, and the second terminal of the third capacitor unit C3 is connected to the second terminal of the ninth switch unit Q9; the first terminal of the tenth switch unit Q10 is connected to the second terminal of the ninth switch unit Q9, and the second terminal of the tenth switch unit Q10 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0058] In the embodiments of this application, the switching unit can be a transistor, such as a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), gallium nitride (GaN) transistor, silicon carbide (SiC) transistor, insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), bipolar junction transistor (BJT), etc. The switching unit can also be a relay. It should be understood that the specific implementation of the switching unit described above is merely illustrative; any implementation that can controllably achieve the switching function is acceptable. Taking a scenario where all switching units are MOSFETs as an example, each switching unit can be an independent transistor to achieve the switching function. The transistor can be an N-channel transistor or a P-channel transistor. Of course, each switching unit can also include multiple transistors connected in series or parallel. When multiple transistors in the control switching unit are turned on, the switching unit is turned on; when multiple transistors in the control switching unit are turned off, the switching unit is turned off.

[0059] The voltage conversion circuit shown in Figure 2 can operate in multiple periodic time periods, each of which can include a first time period and a second time period. In the first time period, the first switch unit Q1, the second switch unit Q2, the sixth switch unit Q6, the eighth switch unit Q8, and the tenth switch unit Q10 are turned on, while the third switch unit Q3, the fourth switch unit Q4, the fifth switch unit Q5, the seventh switch unit Q7, and the ninth switch unit Q9 are turned off. In the second time period, the first switch unit Q1, the second switch unit Q2, the sixth switch unit Q6, the eighth switch unit Q8, and the tenth switch unit Q10 are turned off, while the third switch unit Q3, the fourth switch unit Q4, the fifth switch unit Q5, the seventh switch unit Q7, and the ninth switch unit Q9 are turned on. Each switch unit can be turned on by inputting an on level to its control terminal, and turned off by inputting an off level to its control terminal.

[0060] Taking a MOSFET transistor as an example where each switching unit includes a source, drain, and gate, each switching unit may include a source, a drain, and a gate. In the embodiments of this application, the first terminal of the switching unit may be the source of the transistor, and the second terminal of the switching unit may be the drain of the transistor; or, the first terminal of the switching unit may be the drain of the transistor, and the second terminal of the switching unit may be the source of the transistor. The control terminal of the switching unit may be the gate of the switching unit. When the switching unit is an N-channel transistor, the on-level of the switching unit is high, and the off-level of the switching unit is low. When the switching unit is a P-channel transistor, the on-level of the switching unit is low, and the off-level of the switching unit is high.

[0061] When the switching unit is a BJT, the first terminal can be the emitter and the second terminal can be the collector; or the first terminal can be the collector and the second terminal can be the emitter. The control terminal can be the base.

[0062] Taking an example where each switching unit is an N-channel transistor, in the first time period, a high-level input can be applied to the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the sixth switching unit Q6, the eighth switching unit Q8, and the tenth switching unit Q10 to turn these transistors on, and a low-level input can be applied to the third switching unit Q3, the fourth switching unit Q4, the fifth switching unit Q5, the seventh switching unit Q7, and the ninth switching unit Q9 to turn these transistors off. In the second time period, a low-level input can be applied to the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, the sixth switching unit Q6, the eighth switching unit Q8, and the tenth switching unit Q10 to turn these transistors off, and a high-level input can be applied to the third switching unit Q3, the fourth switching unit Q4, the fifth switching unit Q5, the seventh switching unit Q7, and the ninth switching unit Q9 to turn these transistors on. Thus, as the first and second time periods alternate, the entire voltage conversion circuit achieves the voltage conversion function.

[0063] In this embodiment, each capacitor unit can be a single capacitor or multiple capacitors connected in series or parallel. The specific structure and type of the capacitor are not limited. For example, it can be a ceramic capacitor, a paper capacitor, an electrolytic capacitor, a mica capacitor, etc., as long as it can perform the function of a capacitor.

[0064] Figures 3 and 4 show schematic diagrams of the operating states of each switching unit in the first and second time periods, respectively, with switching units in the off state during the corresponding time period indicated in gray. The voltage conversion principle of the voltage conversion circuit provided in this application embodiment will be described below using Figures 3 and 4 as examples.

[0065] As shown in Figure 3, in the first time period, the input voltage V in The voltage V across the first capacitor unit C1 C1 The voltage V across the second capacitor unit C2 C2 The voltage V across the third capacitor unit C3 C3 and output voltage V out Satisfying formulas (1) and (2): V in =V C1 +V C2 +V out (1) V C3 =V out (2)

[0066] As shown in Figure 4, during the second time period, the voltage across the second capacitor unit C2 and the output voltage V... out Satisfying formula (3): V C2 =V out (3)

[0067] According to KVL, the voltage V across the first capacitor unit C1 is... C1 The voltage V across the second capacitor unit C2 C2 The voltage V across the third capacitor unit C3 C3 Satisfying formula (4): V C1 =V C2 +V C3 (4)

[0068] Because the voltage V across the first capacitor unit C1 C1 The voltage V across the second capacitor unit C2 C2 The voltage V across the third capacitor unit C3 C3 Since mutation is not allowed, substituting formulas (2)-(4) into formula (1) yields formula (5): V in =4V out (5)

[0069] Based on the law of power conservation, the input current I can be obtained. in and output current I out Satisfying formula (6): I in =I out / 4(6)

[0070] It can be seen that the voltage conversion circuit provided in this application embodiment can convert the input voltage with a voltage conversion ratio of 4:1, that is, convert the current with a current conversion ratio of 1:4.

[0071] It should be noted that during the actual operation of the circuit, the voltage or current corresponding to each device or node can change dynamically. The voltage and current mentioned in this application can refer to the average voltage and average current.

[0072] Furthermore, the voltage conversion circuit in this embodiment can interchange its input and output terminals, thus providing a voltage conversion ratio of 1:4 and a current conversion ratio of 4:1. For example, when the voltage conversion circuit is applied in an electronic device, it can convert an external high voltage to a low voltage to charge the electronic device's battery. Conversely, when used in reverse, it can convert the voltage of the electronic device's battery to charge an external device. This application only describes the specific solution of the embodiment using the achievement of a 4:1 voltage conversion ratio as an example.

[0073] As shown in Figure 2, the driving section may include a portion that drives each switching unit. The driving section includes at least one of a first driving unit that drives the first switching unit Q1, a second driving unit that drives the second switching unit Q2, and a fourth driving unit that drives the fourth switching unit Q4 (Figure 2 schematically shows the portion of the driving section that drives the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2, and the fourth switching unit Q4). The first driving unit includes: a first driver D1, a first driving capacitor unit Cb1, and a first driving switch unit M1; the second driving unit includes: a second driver D2, a second driving capacitor unit Cb2, and a second driving switch unit M2; the fourth driving unit includes: a fourth driver D4, a fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4, and a fourth driving switch unit M4.

[0074] The second power supply terminal of the fourth driver D4 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth switching unit Q4, and the output terminal of the fourth driver D4 is connected to the control terminal of the fourth switching unit Q4. The first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 is connected to the first power supply terminal of the fourth driver D4, and the second terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 is connected to the second power supply terminal of the fourth driver D4. The first terminal of the fourth driving switching unit M4 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4, and the second terminal of the fourth driving switching unit M4 is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor unit C2. The fourth driver D4 also includes an input terminal, and the fourth driver D4 can output a corresponding signal from the output terminal to control the conduction or cutoff state of the fourth switching unit Q4 according to the input signal from the input terminal.

[0075] The second power supply terminal of the first driver D1 is connected to the second terminal of the first switching unit Q1, and the output terminal of the first driver D1 is connected to the control terminal of the first switching unit Q1. The first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit Cb1 is connected to the first power supply terminal of the first driver D1, and the second terminal of the first driving capacitor unit Cb1 is connected to the second power supply terminal of the first driver D1. The first terminal of the first driving switching unit M1 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4, and the second terminal of the first driving switching unit M1 is connected to the first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit Cb1. The first driver D1 also includes an input terminal, and the first driver D1 can output a corresponding signal from the output terminal to control the conduction or cutoff state of the first switching unit Q1 according to the input signal of the input terminal.

[0076] The second power supply terminal of the second driver D2 is connected to the second terminal of the second switching unit Q2, and the output terminal of the second driver D2 is connected to the control terminal of the second switching unit Q2. The first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit Cb2 is connected to the first power supply terminal of the second driver D2, and the second terminal of the second driving capacitor unit Cb2 is connected to the second power supply terminal of the second driver D2. The first terminal of the second driving switching unit M2 is connected to the first voltage source VDD, and the second terminal of the second driving switching unit M2 is connected to the first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit Cb2. The second driver D2 also includes an input terminal, and the second driver D2 can output a corresponding signal from the output terminal to control the conduction or cutoff state of the second switching unit Q2 according to the input signal of the input terminal.

[0077] The driving section may also include at least one of an eighth driving unit that drives the eighth switching unit Q8 and a fifth driving unit that drives the fifth switching unit Q5.

[0078] The eighth driving unit may include an eighth driver D8, a third driving capacitor unit Cb3, and a fifth driving switch unit M5. The second power supply terminal of the eighth driver D8 is connected to the second terminal of the eighth switch unit Q8, and the output terminal of the eighth driver D8 is connected to the control terminal of the eighth switch unit Q8. The first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 is connected to the first power supply terminal of the eighth driver D8, and the second terminal of the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 is connected to the second power supply terminal of the eighth driver D8. The first terminal of the fifth driving switch unit M5 is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor unit C3, and the second terminal of the fifth driving switch unit M5 is connected to the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit Cb3. The eighth driver D8 also includes an input terminal, and the eighth driver D8 can output a corresponding signal from the output terminal to control the conduction or cutoff state of the eighth switch unit Q8 according to the input signal from the input terminal.

[0079] The fifth drive unit includes a fifth driver D5; the first power supply terminal of the fifth driver D5 is connected to the first terminal of the third drive capacitor unit Cb3, the second power supply terminal of the fifth driver D5 is connected to the second terminal of the fifth switch unit Q5, and the output terminal of the fifth driver D5 is connected to the control terminal of the fifth switch unit Q5.

[0080] In Figure 2, the fifth switching unit Q5 is also powered by the third driving capacitor unit Cb3. In some embodiments, the fifth switching unit Q5 can be powered by a separate driving capacitor unit and switching unit. The connection between the capacitor unit and the switching unit can be similar to that between the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 and the fifth driving switching unit M5. The fifth driver D5 also includes an input terminal. The fifth driver D5 can output a corresponding signal from the output terminal to control the conduction or cutoff state of the fifth switching unit Q5 according to the input signal at the input terminal.

[0081] In addition, in some embodiments, the fifth driving unit may also include a third driving switch unit M3, the first end of the third driving switch unit M3 being connected to the first end of the second capacitor unit C2, and the second end of the third driving switch unit M3 being connected to the first end of the third driving capacitor unit Cb3.

[0082] The driving section may further include at least one of a sixth driving unit that drives the sixth switching unit Q6 and a ninth driving unit that drives the ninth switching unit Q9.

[0083] The sixth driving unit includes a sixth driver D6. The first power supply terminal of the sixth driver D6 is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor unit C2. The second power supply terminal of the sixth driver D6 is connected to the second terminal of the sixth switching unit Q6 and the second terminal of the second capacitor unit C2. The output terminal of the sixth driver D6 is connected to the control terminal of the sixth switching unit Q6. The sixth driver D6 also includes an input terminal, and can output a corresponding signal from the output terminal to control the on or off state of the sixth switching unit Q6 based on the input signal from the input terminal.

[0084] The ninth drive unit includes a ninth driver. The first power supply terminal of the ninth driver D9 is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor unit C3. The second power supply terminal of the ninth driver D9 is connected to the second terminal of the ninth switch unit Q9 and the second terminal of the third capacitor unit C3. The output terminal of the ninth driver D9 is connected to the control terminal of the ninth switch unit Q9. The ninth driver D9 also includes an input terminal, and the ninth driver D9 can output a corresponding signal from the output terminal to control the conduction or cutoff state of the ninth switch unit Q9 according to the input signal from the input terminal.

[0085] Figure 2 also shows the third drive unit that drives the third switch unit Q3, the seventh drive unit that drives the seventh switch unit Q7, and the tenth drive unit that drives the tenth switch unit Q10.

[0086] The third drive unit includes a third driver D3. The first power supply terminal of the third driver D3 is connected to the first voltage source VDD. The second power supply terminal of the third driver D3 is connected to the second terminal of the third switching unit Q3 and the ground terminal. The output terminal of the third driver D3 is connected to the control terminal of the third switching unit Q3. The third driver D3 also includes an input terminal. The third driver D3 can output a corresponding signal from the output terminal to control the conduction or cutoff state of the third switching unit Q3 according to the input signal from the input terminal.

[0087] The seventh drive unit includes a seventh driver D7. The first power supply terminal of the seventh driver D7 is connected to the first voltage source VDD. The second power supply terminal of the seventh driver D7 is connected to the second terminal of the seventh switching unit Q7 and the ground terminal. The output terminal of the seventh driver D7 is connected to the control terminal of the seventh switching unit Q7. The seventh driver D7 also includes an input terminal, and can output a corresponding signal from the output terminal to control the on or off state of the seventh switching unit Q7 according to the input signal from the input terminal.

[0088] The tenth drive unit includes a tenth driver D10. The first power supply terminal of the tenth driver D10 is connected to the first voltage source VDD. The second power supply terminal of the tenth driver D10 is connected to the second terminal of the tenth switching unit Q10 and the ground terminal. The output terminal of the tenth driver D10 is connected to the control terminal of the tenth switching unit Q10. The tenth driver D10 also includes an input terminal, and can output a corresponding signal from the output terminal according to the input signal to control the on or off state of the tenth switching unit Q10.

[0089] Each driving switch unit can be a transistor, relay, or diode. Each driving switch unit can be an independent device or a unit formed by multiple devices connected in series or in parallel.

[0090] Each driving capacitor unit can be an independent capacitor, or it can be a unit formed by multiple capacitors connected in series or in parallel.

[0091] The driver may include four ports, two of which are power supply ports (first power supply terminal and second power supply terminal), which are connected to high-level nodes and low-level nodes respectively, so that the appropriate operating voltage can be provided to the driver through the voltage between the two power supply ports. The input terminal can be connected to a control signal. The driver can process the control signal, including amplification, and then output it from the output port to the control terminal of the switching unit. As the high and low levels of the control signal change continuously, the high and low levels of the output to the output port also change continuously, thereby controlling the corresponding switching unit to be turned on or off.

[0092] During the first time period, the third drive switch unit M3 and the fourth drive switch unit M4 are turned on, while the first drive switch unit M1, the second drive switch unit M2, and the fifth drive switch unit M5 are turned off; during the second time period, the third drive switch unit M3 and the fourth drive switch unit M4 are turned off, while the first drive switch unit M1, the second drive switch unit M2, and the fifth drive switch unit M5 are turned on.

[0093] In one embodiment of this application, the voltage between the two power supply ports of each driver can be the same as the output voltage when each driver is operating. Thus, the first drive switch unit M1, the second drive switch unit M2, the third drive switch unit M3, the fourth drive switch unit M4, and the fifth drive switch unit of the drive section can be transistors or diodes.

[0094] In another embodiment, the voltage between the two power supply ports when each driver is working may also be different from the output voltage. The first drive switch unit M1, the second drive switch unit M2, the third drive switch unit M3, the fourth drive switch unit M4 and the fifth drive switch unit of the drive section can be transistors.

[0095] Figures 5 and 6 show schematic diagrams of the states of each switching unit and driving switching unit of the voltage conversion circuit provided in the embodiments of this application during the first and second time periods, respectively. The driving principle of the voltage conversion circuit provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below using Figures 5 and 6, taking the example that the voltage between the two power supply ports is the same as the output voltage and is 5V when each driver is working.

[0096] As shown in Figure 5, during the first time period, the fourth switch unit Q4 is off, and the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 is charging. Specifically, the voltage at point D, the first terminal of the third capacitor unit C3, is 5V. Due to the bootstrap effect of the capacitor, the voltage at point E, the first terminal of the second capacitor unit C2, abruptly increases to 10V. The fourth driving switch unit M4 is then turned on, and the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 is charged through point E. This causes the voltage at point C, the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4, to rise until the voltage across Cb4 reaches 5V, and the voltage at point C is 10V. Since the voltages at points C and E are the same, there is no voltage difference across the fourth driving switch unit M4, and therefore no voltage difference loss occurs during the driving process of the fourth switch unit Q4. Consequently, during the second time period, when the fourth driving switch unit M4 is off, the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 can supply power to the fourth driver D4 to drive the fourth switch unit Q4 to turn on during the second time period.

[0097] In the first time period, the fifth switch unit Q5 is off, and the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 is charging. Specifically, the voltage at point E, the first terminal of the second capacitor unit C2, is 10V, the third driving switch unit M3 is on, and the voltage at point G, the second terminal of the third driving capacitor unit Cb3, is the output voltage of 5V. The second capacitor unit C2 charges the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 through point E, so that the voltage across the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 reaches the operating voltage of 5V, and the voltage at point F rises to 10V. Thus, the voltage across the third driving switch unit M3 is 10V, and there is no voltage difference across the third driving switch unit M3. In the second time period, the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 can supply power to the fifth driver D5, driving the fifth switch unit Q5 to be on, so there is no voltage difference loss during the driving process of the fifth switch unit Q5.

[0098] Referring to Figure 6, during the second time period, the eighth switch unit Q8 is off, and the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 is charging. Specifically, the fifth driving switch unit M5 is on, the voltage at point D of the first segment of the third capacitor unit is 10V, and the voltage at the second terminal of the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 is 5V. The third capacitor unit C3 charges the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 through the fifth driving switch unit until the voltage at the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit Cb3 is 10V. At this time, the voltages at both ends of the fifth driving switch unit are 10V, so there is no voltage difference loss in the driving of the eighth switch unit Q8.

[0099] It can be seen that the fifth switch unit Q5 and the eighth switch unit Q8 are driven by the same capacitor Cb3. When the fifth switch unit Q5 is off, the third driving capacitor Cb3 is charged through the second capacitor C2 and can supply power to the eighth driver D8, thereby turning on the eighth switch unit Q8. When the fifth switch unit Q5 is on, the third driving capacitor Cb3 is charged through the third capacitor C3 and can supply power to the fifth switch unit, thereby turning on the fifth switch unit.

[0100] It should be understood that the aforementioned third drive switch unit M3 may also be absent, in which case the third drive capacitor unit Cb3 will not be charged during the first time period.

[0101] During the second time period, the first switching unit Q1 is turned off, and the first driving capacitor unit Cb1 is charged. Specifically, the voltage at point B, the second terminal of the first driving capacitor unit Cb1, is 10V, and the first driving switching unit M1 is turned on. Since the voltage of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 cannot change abruptly, the voltage at point D changes abruptly from 5V to 10V during the second time period, resulting in abruptly changing the voltage at point C to 15V. Point C charges the first driving capacitor unit Cb1, and the first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit Cb1 becomes 15V. Since the voltage at both ends of the first driving switching unit M1 is 15V, there is no driving loss in the driving of the first switching unit Q1.

[0102] During the second time period, the second switch unit Q2 is turned off, and the second driving capacitor unit Cb2 is charged. Specifically, the voltage at the second terminal of the second driving capacitor unit Cb2 is 0V, the second driving switch unit M2 is turned on, the voltage source VDD charges the second driving capacitor unit Cb2, the voltage at the first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit M2 becomes 5V, and the voltage at both ends of the second driving switch unit M2 is 5V, meaning that there is no loss in the driving of the second switch unit Q2.

[0103] For driving the ninth switch unit Q9, since the first and second power supply terminals of the ninth driver D9 are respectively connected to the first and second terminals of the third capacitor unit C3, the voltage across the two power supply terminals of the ninth driver D9 is always 5V, which is the voltage across the third capacitor unit C3. Thus, the ninth driver D9 can always be in normal working condition. By controlling the input signal at the input terminal of the ninth driver D9, the ninth switch unit Q9 can be turned off in the first time period and turned on in the second time period.

[0104] Similarly, the driving of the sixth switch unit Q6 is similar to that of the ninth switch unit Q9. The voltage across the sixth driver D6 is 5V, which is the voltage across the second capacitor unit C2. By adjusting the input signal at the input terminal of the sixth driver D6, the sixth switch unit Q6 can be controlled to be turned on in the first time period and turned off in the second time period.

[0105] For the driving of the third switch unit Q3, the seventh switch unit Q7 and the tenth switch unit Q10, since the second power supply terminal of the corresponding driver is grounded, by connecting the first power supply terminal to VDD (5V constant voltage source), the voltage of the two power supply terminals of the corresponding driver is always its normal operating voltage, thereby controlling the corresponding switch unit to be in the on or off state.

[0106] In addition, since the constant voltage source VDD used by the second switching unit Q2, the third switching unit Q3, the seventh switching unit Q7 and the tenth switching unit Q10 is the same as the output voltage, the entire voltage conversion circuit does not need to introduce external voltage for driving, thus eliminating the need to add additional components, making the structure of the entire voltage conversion circuit simpler and easier to integrate into a smaller space.

[0107] The voltage drop across the switching units described above does not consider the voltage drop across the switching transistors during conduction. For transistors, the conduction voltage drop is typically 0.2–0.3V. Taking the driving of the fourth switching unit Q4 as an example, if the capacitance of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 is small, the voltage across Cb4 may drop to a lower value after Q4 is turned on in the second time period. After M4 is turned on in the first time period, charging Cb4 at point E can raise the voltage at point C of Cb4 to a value lower than the voltage at point E by one transistor voltage drop. For example, the voltage at point C might reach 9.7V instead of 10V. Within a range slightly below 5V, the difference between 4.7V and 5V is small and will not affect the normal operation of the driver or the subsequent conduction of the transistor.

[0108] It should be understood that when the first drive switch unit M1 to the fifth drive switch unit M5 are transistors, the corresponding drive switch units can be controlled to be in the on or off state at the corresponding time by additional control signals. When the first driving switch unit M1 to the fifth driving switch unit M5 are diodes, taking the driving of the fourth switch unit Q4 in Figure 5 as an example, in the first stage, the voltage at point E of the second terminal of the fourth driving switch unit M4 is 10V. If the capacitance of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 is small, the voltage at both ends may drop to a lower value after Q4 is turned on in the second period, so that the voltage at both ends of the fourth driving switch unit M4 (that is, the voltage difference between point E and point C) exceeds the conduction threshold voltage of the diode, thus the fourth switch unit M4 is turned on, and the capacitor at point E is charged until the voltage at point C rises to the value of the difference between point E and the diode conduction voltage drop, for example, rising to 9.3V (assuming the diode conduction voltage drop is 0.7V). At this time, the voltage at both ends of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 is about 4.3V. Since this value is not much different from the typical operating voltage of 5V of the driver, it does not affect the power supply of the fourth driver D4 to the fourth switch unit Q4 in the second period. Of course, if the capacitance of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 is large, the voltage across it may not drop to a low value after Q4 is turned on in the second time period. In this case, the voltage difference between point E and point C may not be sufficient to turn on the fourth driving switch unit M4 in the first time period. However, after the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 has supplied power to the fourth switch unit Q4 through multiple second time periods, the voltage difference across it may drop to a low value, causing the fourth driving switch unit M4 to turn on, thus allowing point E to charge the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4.

[0109] Figure 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the voltage conversion circuit provided in the embodiment of this application when the first driving switch unit M1 to the fifth switch unit M5 are diodes.

[0110] As shown in Figure 7, the first end of the first driving switch unit M1 (connected to one end of the fourth driving capacitor unit) is the anode of the first driving switch unit M1, and the second end of the first driving switch unit M1 (connected to one end of the first driving capacitor unit Cb1) is the cathode of the first driving switch unit M1. The first end of the second driving switch unit M2 (connected to one end of the voltage source VDD) is the anode of the second driving switch unit M2, and the second end of the second driving switch unit M2 (connected to one end of the second driving capacitor unit Cb2) is the cathode of the second driving switch unit M2. The first end of the third driving switch unit M3 (connected to one end of the second capacitor unit C2) is the anode of the third driving switch unit M3, and the second end of the third driving switch unit M3 (connected to one end of the third driving capacitor unit Cb3) is the cathode of the third driving switch unit M3. The second end of the fourth driving switch unit M4 (connected to one end of the second capacitor unit C2) is the anode of the fourth driving switch unit M4, and the first end of the fourth driving switch unit M4 (connected to one end of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4) is the cathode of the fourth driving switch unit M4. The first end of the fifth drive switch unit M5 (connected to one end of the third capacitor unit C3) is the anode of the fifth drive switch unit M5, and the second end of the fifth drive switch unit M5 (connected to one end of the third drive capacitor unit Cb3) is the cathode of the fifth drive switch unit M5.

[0111] It should also be understood that Figures 5 and 6 use the example of a driver operating voltage and output voltage of 5V to illustrate the driving process of each switching unit. When the driver operating voltage and output voltage are other values, the voltage at each point in the circuit can change accordingly. However, when the driver operating voltage and output voltage are equal, there is still no voltage difference loss between the two ends of the first driving switching unit M1 to the fifth driving switching unit M5.

[0112] Furthermore, assuming the voltage difference V between the two power supply terminals is inconsistent when the driver's operating voltage and output voltage are not the same, the voltage difference V between the two power supply terminals is assumed to be the same when the driver is operating normally. D Less than the output voltage V of the voltage conversion circuit out Taking the driving of the fourth switch unit Q4 in Figure 5 as an example, the voltage at the first terminal of the second capacitor unit C2 is 2V at point E. out The voltage at the second terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit Cb4 is V during the first time period. out By controlling the conduction level of the fourth drive switch unit M4, the voltage at the first terminal of the fourth drive capacitor unit Cb4 can be charged to V by the second capacitor unit C2. out +V D The voltage at point E, the first terminal of the second capacitor unit C2, is 2V. out Then the voltage difference across the fourth drive switch unit M4 is V. out -V DIf we follow the scheme in Figure 1 and introduce an input voltage V... in =4V out To power the driver, the voltage at the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 is 2V during the second period. out Then the voltage at the first power supply terminal of the fourth driver D4 is 2V. out +V D The voltage applied across the switching transistor M2 is V. in -(2V out +V D ) = 2V out -V D The voltage difference V is greater than that of the fourth drive switch unit M4 in this embodiment. out -V D Similar effects occur with other switching units when the driver's operating voltage and output voltage are inconsistent; details will not be elaborated further. The technical solution of this application embodiment can reduce the driving loss of the voltage conversion circuit.

[0113] This application also provides a charging circuit, including any of the voltage conversion circuits described above.

[0114] This application also provides an electronic device, including any of the voltage conversion circuits or charging circuits described above.

[0115] Electronic devices can be terminal devices such as mobile phones, computers, tablets, laptops, in-vehicle computers, smartwatches, or smart bracelets.

[0116] This application also provides a charging device, including any of the voltage conversion circuits or charging circuits described above.

[0117] The charging device can be a charger, such as a wired charger or a wireless charger.

[0118] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A voltage conversion circuit, characterized in that, include: A first switching unit, wherein the first end of the first switching unit is connected to the input end; A first capacitor unit, wherein a first end of the first capacitor unit is connected to a second end of the first switch unit; The second switching unit has its second end connected to the second end of the first capacitor unit; The third switching unit has a first end connected to the second end of the first capacitor unit, and the second end of the third switching unit is connected to the ground terminal. The fourth switching unit, wherein the first end of the fourth switching unit is connected to the second end of the first switching unit; The fifth switching unit has its first end connected to the first end of the second switching unit and its second end connected to the output terminal. The sixth switching unit, wherein the first end of the sixth switching unit is connected to the second end of the fifth switching unit; The seventh switch unit has its first end connected to the second end of the sixth switch unit, and its second end connected to the ground terminal. The second capacitor unit has its first end connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit and its second end connected to the second end of the sixth switch unit. The eighth switch unit has its first end connected to the second end of the fourth switch unit, and its second end connected to the output terminal. A ninth switch unit, wherein the first end of the ninth switch unit is connected to the second end of the eighth switch unit; The third capacitor unit, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the fourth switch unit, and the second end of which is connected to the second end of the ninth switch unit; The tenth switch unit has its first end connected to the second end of the ninth switch unit, and its second end connected to the ground terminal. The fourth driving unit includes a fourth driver, a fourth driving capacitor unit, and a fourth driving switch unit. The second power supply terminal of the fourth driver is connected to the second terminal of the fourth switching unit, and the output terminal of the fourth driver is connected to the control terminal of the fourth switching unit. The first end of the fourth driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the fourth driver, and the second end of the fourth driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the fourth driver. The first end of the fourth driving switch unit is connected to the first end of the fourth driving capacitor unit, and the second end of the fourth driving switch unit is connected to the first end of the second capacitor unit.

2. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes a first driving unit, which includes a first driver, a first driving capacitor unit, and a first driving switch unit. The second power supply terminal of the first driver is connected to the second terminal of the first switching unit, and the output terminal of the first driver is connected to the control terminal of the first switching unit. The first end of the first driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the first driver, and the second end of the first driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the first driver. The first end of the first drive switch unit is connected to the first end of the fourth drive capacitor unit, and the second end of the first drive switch unit is connected to the first end of the first drive capacitor unit.

3. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes a second driving unit, which includes a second driver, a second driving capacitor unit, and a second driving switch unit. The second power supply terminal of the second driver is connected to the second terminal of the second switching unit, and the output terminal of the second driver is connected to the control terminal of the second switching unit. The first end of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the second driver, and the second end of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the second driver. The first end of the second drive switch unit is connected to the first voltage source, and the second end of the second drive switch unit is connected to the first end of the second drive capacitor unit.

4. The voltage conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes an eighth driving unit, which includes an eighth driver, a third driving capacitor unit, and a fifth driving switch unit. The second power supply terminal of the eighth driver is connected to the second terminal of the eighth switching unit, and the output terminal of the eighth driver is connected to the control terminal of the eighth switching unit. The first end of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the eighth driver, and the second end of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the eighth driver. The first end of the fifth driving switch unit is connected to the first end of the third capacitor unit, and the second end of the fifth driving switch unit is connected to the first end of the third driving capacitor unit.

5. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes a fifth driving unit, and the fifth driving unit includes a fifth driver. The first power supply terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit, the second power supply terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the second terminal of the fifth switching unit, and the output terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the control terminal of the fifth switching unit.

6. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fifth driving unit further includes a third driving switch unit, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the second capacitor unit, and the second end of which is connected to the first end of the third driving capacitor unit.

7. The voltage conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Any one of the first driving switch unit, the second driving switch unit, the third driving switch unit, the fourth driving switch unit, and the fifth driving switch unit is a diode or a transistor.

8. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes a first driving unit, a second driving unit, a fifth driving unit, a fourth driving unit, an eighth driving unit, and a third driving switch unit. When the voltage conversion circuit is working, it operates in multiple periodic time periods, each of which includes a first time period and a second time period in sequence. During the first time period, the third drive switch unit and the fourth drive switch unit are turned on, while the first drive switch unit, the second drive switch unit and the fifth drive switch unit are turned off. During the second time period, the first drive switch unit, the second drive switch unit, and the fifth drive switch unit are turned on, while the third drive switch unit and the fourth drive switch unit are turned off.

9. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit is the same as the voltage between the two power supply terminals of the first driver, the second driver, the fourth driver, the fifth driver, and the eighth driver when they are in operation.

10. A voltage conversion circuit, characterized in that, include: A first switching unit, wherein the first end of the first switching unit is connected to the input end; A first capacitor unit, wherein a first end of the first capacitor unit is connected to a second end of the first switch unit; The second switching unit has its second end connected to the second end of the first capacitor unit; The third switching unit has a first end connected to the second end of the first capacitor unit, and the second end of the third switching unit is connected to the ground terminal. The fourth switching unit, wherein the first end of the fourth switching unit is connected to the second end of the first switching unit; The fifth switching unit has its first end connected to the first end of the second switching unit and its second end connected to the output terminal. The sixth switching unit, wherein the first end of the sixth switching unit is connected to the second end of the fifth switching unit; The seventh switch unit has its first end connected to the second end of the sixth switch unit, and its second end connected to the ground terminal. The second capacitor unit has its first end connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit and its second end connected to the second end of the sixth switch unit. The eighth switch unit has its first end connected to the second end of the fourth switch unit, and its second end connected to the output terminal. A ninth switch unit, wherein the first end of the ninth switch unit is connected to the second end of the eighth switch unit; The third capacitor unit, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the fourth switch unit, and the second end of which is connected to the second end of the ninth switch unit; The tenth switch unit has its first end connected to the second end of the ninth switch unit, and its second end connected to the ground terminal. The second driving unit includes a second driver, a second driving capacitor unit, and a second driving switch unit. The second power supply terminal of the second driver is connected to the second terminal of the second switching unit, and the output terminal of the second driver is connected to the control terminal of the second switching unit. The first end of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the second driver, and the second end of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the second driver. The first end of the second drive switch unit is connected to the first voltage source, and the second end of the second drive switch unit is connected to the first end of the second drive capacitor unit.

11. A method for driving a voltage conversion circuit, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes: A first switching unit, wherein the first end of the first switching unit is connected to the input end; A first capacitor unit, wherein a first end of the first capacitor unit is connected to a second end of the first switch unit; The second switching unit has its second end connected to the second end of the first capacitor unit; The third switching unit has a first end connected to the second end of the first capacitor unit, and the second end of the third switching unit is connected to the ground terminal. The fourth switching unit, wherein the first end of the fourth switching unit is connected to the second end of the first switching unit; The fifth switching unit has its first end connected to the first end of the second switching unit and its second end connected to the output terminal. The sixth switching unit, wherein the first end of the sixth switching unit is connected to the second end of the fifth switching unit; The seventh switch unit has its first end connected to the second end of the sixth switch unit, and its second end connected to the ground terminal. The second capacitor unit has its first end connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit and its second end connected to the second end of the sixth switch unit. The eighth switch unit has its first end connected to the second end of the fourth switch unit, and its second end connected to the output terminal. A ninth switch unit, wherein the first end of the ninth switch unit is connected to the second end of the eighth switch unit; The third capacitor unit, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the fourth switch unit, and the second end of which is connected to the second end of the ninth switch unit; The tenth switch unit has its first end connected to the second end of the ninth switch unit, and its second end connected to the ground terminal. The fourth driving unit includes a fourth driver, a fourth driving capacitor unit, and a fourth driving switch unit; The second power supply terminal of the fourth driver is connected to the second terminal of the fourth switching unit, and the output terminal of the fourth driver is connected to the control terminal of the fourth switching unit. The first end of the fourth driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the fourth driver, and the second end of the fourth driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the fourth driver. The first end of the fourth driving switch unit is connected to the first end of the fourth driving capacitor unit, and the second end of the fourth driving switch unit is connected to the first end of the second capacitor unit. When the voltage conversion circuit is working, the voltage conversion circuit operates in a periodic multiple time periods, each of the time periods including a first time period and a second time period in sequence; During the first time period, the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor unit through the fourth driving switch unit; during the second time period, the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit is disconnected from the first terminal of the second capacitor unit. The method includes: During the first time period, a cutoff control signal is input to the input terminal of the fourth driver, and the output terminal of the fourth driver outputs a signal according to the cutoff control signal to make the fourth switching unit cut off during the first time period; During the second time period, a conduction control signal is input to the input terminal of the fourth driver, and the output terminal of the fourth driver outputs a signal according to the conduction control signal, so that the fourth switching unit is turned on during the second time period.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes a first driving unit, which includes a first driver, a first driving capacitor unit, and a first driving switch unit. The second power supply terminal of the first driver is connected to the second terminal of the first switching unit, and the output terminal of the first driver is connected to the control terminal of the first switching unit. The first end of the first driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the first driver, and the second end of the first driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the first driver. The first end of the first drive switch unit is connected to the first end of the fourth drive capacitor unit, and the second end of the first drive switch unit is connected to the first end of the first drive capacitor unit. During the first time period, the first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit is disconnected from the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit; during the second time period, the first terminal of the first driving capacitor unit is connected to the first terminal of the fourth driving capacitor unit through the first driving switch unit. The method further includes: During the first time period, a conduction control signal is input to the input terminal of the first driver, and the output terminal of the first driver outputs a signal according to the conduction control signal to make the first switching unit conduct during the first time period. During the second time period, a cutoff control signal is input to the input terminal of the first driver, and the output terminal of the first driver outputs a signal according to the cutoff control signal, causing the first switching unit to be cut off during the second time period.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes a second driving unit, which includes a second driver, a second driving capacitor unit, and a second driving switch unit. The second power supply terminal of the second driver is connected to the second terminal of the second switching unit, and the output terminal of the second driver is connected to the control terminal of the second switching unit. The first end of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the second driver, and the second end of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the second driver. The first end of the second driving switch unit is connected to the first voltage source, and the second end of the second driving switch unit is connected to the first end of the second driving capacitor unit; During the first time period, the first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit is disconnected from the first voltage source; During the second time period, the first terminal of the second driving capacitor unit is connected to the first voltage source through the second driving switch unit; The method further includes: During the first time period, a conduction control signal is input to the input terminal of the second driver, and the output terminal of the second driver outputs a signal according to the conduction control signal to make the second switching unit conduct during the first time period; During the second time period, a cutoff control signal is input to the input terminal of the second driver, and the output terminal of the second driver outputs a signal according to the cutoff control signal, causing the second switching unit to be cut off during the second time period.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes an eighth driving unit, which includes an eighth driver, a third driving capacitor unit, and a fifth driving switch unit. The second power supply terminal of the eighth driver is connected to the second terminal of the eighth switching unit, and the output terminal of the eighth driver is connected to the control terminal of the eighth switching unit. The first end of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the first power supply terminal of the eighth driver, and the second end of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the eighth driver. The first end of the fifth driving switch unit is connected to the first end of the third capacitor unit, and the second end of the fifth driving switch unit is connected to the first end of the third driving capacitor unit. During the first time period, the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit is disconnected from the first terminal of the third capacitor unit; during the second time period, the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor unit through the fifth driving switch unit. The method further includes: During the first time period, a conduction control signal is input to the input terminal of the eighth driver, and the output terminal of the eighth driver outputs a signal according to the conduction control signal to make the eighth switching unit conduct during the first time period; During the second time period, a cutoff control signal is input to the input terminal of the eighth driver, and the output terminal of the eighth driver outputs a signal according to the cutoff control signal, causing the eighth switching unit to be cut off during the second time period.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes a fifth driving unit, and the fifth driving unit includes a fifth driver. The first power supply terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit, the second power supply terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the second terminal of the fifth switching unit, and the output terminal of the fifth driver is connected to the control terminal of the fifth switching unit. During the first time period, a cutoff control signal is input to the input terminal of the fifth driver, and the output terminal of the fifth driver outputs a signal according to the cutoff control signal to make the fifth switching unit cut off during the first time period; During the second time period, a conduction control signal is input to the input terminal of the fifth driver, and the output terminal of the fifth driver outputs a signal according to the conduction control signal, so that the fifth switching unit is turned on during the second time period.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The fifth driving unit further includes a third driving switch unit, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the second capacitor unit, and the second end of which is connected to the first end of the third driving capacitor unit. During the first time period, the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor unit through the third driving switch unit; during the second time period, the first terminal of the third driving capacitor unit is disconnected from the first terminal of the second capacitor unit.

17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that, Any one of the first driving switch unit, the second driving switch unit, the third driving switch unit, the fourth driving switch unit, and the fifth driving switch unit is a diode or a transistor.

18. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit is the same as the voltage between the two power supply terminals of the first driver, the second driver, the fourth driver, the fifth driver, and the eighth driver when they are in operation.

19. A charging circuit, characterized in that, Includes a voltage conversion circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 and 10.

20. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes a switching circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 and 10 or a charging circuit as described in claim 19.

21. A charging device, characterized in that, It includes a voltage conversion circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 and 10 or a charging circuit as described in claim 19.

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