Battery recycling method and battery recycling processing system

Abstract

A battery recycling method and a battery recycling processing system. The battery recycling method comprises: crushing a battery, and carrying out heating volatilization treatment on the crushed battery to obtain a solid mixed material; separating the solid mixed material, and removing heavy objects, separators, and black mass from the solid mixed material to obtain a preliminary treated material; grinding copper-aluminum current collectors in the preliminary treated material and shaping the copper-aluminum current collectors into particles to obtain an intermediate treated material; and sorting copper particles and aluminum particles in the intermediate treated material. By means of the battery recycling method and the battery recycling processing system, the technical problem of a poor copper-aluminum sorting effect during battery recycling and processing can be solved.

Description

Battery recycling methods and battery recycling systems

[0001] This application claims priority to the patent application filed on April 24, 2024, with China National Intellectual Property Administration, application number 202410500558.X, entitled "Battery Recycling Method and Battery Recycling Processing System". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of battery recycling technology, and more specifically, to a battery recycling method and a battery recycling system. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, in existing technologies for recycling retired batteries, color sorting is typically used to separate and recycle the copper-aluminum mixture obtained during the recycling process.

[0004] However, in practical applications, this method suffers from insufficient color difference between copper and aluminum in the recycled copper-aluminum mixture. Without additional wet processing to enhance this color difference, it becomes impossible to separate copper and aluminum into higher purity products. Furthermore, such procedures are overly cumbersome and have low recycling efficiency. Therefore, the existing color sorting method for separating copper and aluminum yields poor results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a battery recycling method and a battery recycling system to solve the technical problem of poor copper-aluminum separation in the battery recycling process of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery recycling method is provided, comprising:

[0007] The battery is crushed, and the crushed battery is heated and volatilized to obtain a solid mixture.

[0008] The solid mixture is separated to remove heavy objects, membranes, and black powder to obtain pre-treated material.

[0009] The copper and aluminum current collectors in the preliminary processed material are ground and shaped into granules to obtain intermediate processed material; the copper and aluminum particles in the intermediate processed material are then sorted.

[0010] Furthermore, the copper and aluminum particles in the intermediate processing material are classified, including: separating the copper and aluminum particles in the intermediate processing material by gravity separation; and / or,

[0011] The copper-aluminum current collector in the pre-processed material is ground and shaped into granules, including grinding the copper-aluminum current collector into copper particles with a particle size of d1 and aluminum particles with a particle size of d2; wherein, 0.1mm≤d1≤1mm; 0.1mm≤d2≤1mm.

[0012] Furthermore, after removing heavy objects, separators, and black powder from the solid mixture, the battery recycling method further includes: collecting the heavy objects and separators; after collecting the heavy objects and separators, the battery recycling method further includes:

[0013] The diaphragm is sieved to remove black powder from it; and / or,

[0014] The heavy object is subjected to magnetic separation to obtain the steel shell inside.

[0015] Further, removing heavy objects, diaphragms, and black powder from the solid mixture includes:

[0016] The solid mixture is screened, and the screen aperture used for the screening process is d3;

[0017] Among them, 0μm<d3≤180μm is used to remove black powder.

[0018] Further, removing heavy objects, diaphragms, and black powder from the solid mixture includes:

[0019] The solid mixture is screened using a first screening device to remove at least a portion of the black powder from the solid mixture and obtain a first intermediate material;

[0020] The first intermediate material is broken up and then screened by a second screening device to remove at least part of the black powder in the first intermediate material and obtain the second intermediate material.

[0021] The second intermediate material is subjected to air separation to obtain diaphragm, heavy object and pre-treated material respectively;

[0022] Among them, one of the first screening device and the second screening device is a linear screen, and the other of the first screening device and the second screening device is a circular vibrating screen.

[0023] Furthermore, after obtaining the separator, weights, and pre-processed materials, the battery recycling method further includes: sieving the separator using a third screening device to remove at least a portion of the black powder on the separator; and / or,

[0024] After grinding and shaping the copper-aluminum current collectors in the pre-processed materials into granules, the battery recycling method also includes:

[0025] The pre-treated material is screened using a fourth screening device to remove black powder and obtain a mixture of copper and aluminum particles.

[0026] Among them, one of the second screening device and the third screening device is a linear screen, and the other of the second screening device and the third screening device is a circular vibrating screen; one of the third screening device and the fourth screening device is a linear screen, and the other of the third screening device and the fourth screening device is a circular vibrating screen.

[0027] Furthermore, the broken batteries undergo a heating and volatilization process, including:

[0028] The broken battery is heated to cause the electrolyte in the broken battery to evaporate and form a gaseous mixture.

[0029] The heating temperature for heating the broken battery is T, where 80℃≤T≤100℃.

[0030] Furthermore, a gaseous mixture can be obtained during the heating and volatilization process of the broken batteries; after obtaining the gaseous mixture, the battery recycling method also includes:

[0031] The gaseous mixture undergoes a first-stage condensation treatment, followed by a second-stage condensation treatment, and then a third-stage condensation treatment.

[0032] Wherein, the condensation temperature of the first-stage condensation treatment is t1, 40℃≤t1≤50℃; and / or,

[0033] The condensation temperature for the second-stage condensation process is t2, where 0℃≤t2≤5℃; and / or,

[0034] The condensation temperature of the third-stage condensation treatment is t3, -40℃≤t3≤-30℃.

[0035] Furthermore, the battery recycling method further includes:

[0036] In the process of separating solid mixtures, the solid mixtures and / or the intermediate mixtures obtained after the separation of solid mixtures are broken up.

[0037] Further, the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation of the solid mixture are subjected to a dispersing operation, including:

[0038] Vibration and / or impact agitation are used to break up solid mixtures and / or intermediate mixtures obtained after separation of solid mixtures.

[0039] Further, the intermediate mixture includes a first intermediate mixture; separation of the solid mixture includes:

[0040] The solid mixture is sieved to obtain a first black powder and a first intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the first intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the first black powder.

[0041] The first intermediate mixture is broken down to obtain a second intermediate mixture and a third intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the third intermediate mixture are larger than those of the second intermediate mixture.

[0042] Furthermore, after breaking up the first intermediate mixture, the battery recycling method also includes:

[0043] The second intermediate mixture is sieved to obtain a second black powder and a fourth intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the fourth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second black powder.

[0044] The fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture are mixed and then separated, and the mixture is broken up by hammer crushing during the separation process.

[0045] Furthermore, during the separation process after mixing the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture, hammer crushing and dispersing are performed, including:

[0046] The fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture are mixed and then separated to obtain the first intermediate electrode material;

[0047] The material of the first intermediate electrode is crushed and separated by hammering.

[0048] Further, the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture are mixed and then separated to obtain the first intermediate electrode material, comprising:

[0049] The fourth and third intermediate mixtures were subjected to primary air classification to obtain the diaphragm mixture and the fifth intermediate mixture, respectively.

[0050] The membrane mixture is sieved to obtain the second intermediate electrode material and the membrane, and the membrane is collected.

[0051] The second intermediate electrode material and the fifth intermediate mixture are subjected to secondary air classification to obtain the sixth intermediate mixture and the seventh intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the seventh intermediate mixture are larger than those of the sixth intermediate mixture.

[0052] The sixth intermediate mixture is screened to obtain the first intermediate electrode material.

[0053] Further, the sixth intermediate mixture is screened to obtain the first intermediate electrode material, comprising:

[0054] The sixth intermediate mixture is subjected to electrostatic separation or eddy current separation to obtain the third intermediate electrode material and the diaphragm, and the diaphragm is collected.

[0055] The material of the third intermediate electrode is subjected to magnetic separation to remove magnetic materials and obtain the material of the first intermediate electrode.

[0056] Furthermore, battery recycling methods also include:

[0057] The seventh intermediate mixture was subjected to magnetic separation to remove magnetic materials and obtain a copper-aluminum mixture;

[0058] The copper-aluminum mixture is sorted to obtain copper particles and aluminum particles separately.

[0059] Further, the material of the first intermediate electrode is crushed and separated by hammer crushing, including:

[0060] The first intermediate electrode material is crushed and dispersed by hammer crushing, and the crushed first intermediate electrode material is separated in the first stage to obtain the eighth intermediate mixture and dust. The particles of the eighth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the dust.

[0061] The eighth intermediate mixture is subjected to a second-stage separation to obtain the third black powder and the ninth intermediate mixture, respectively, wherein the particles of the ninth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the third black powder.

[0062] The ninth intermediate mixture is ground and granulated, and the ground and granulated ninth intermediate mixture is subjected to a third-stage separation to obtain a tenth intermediate mixture and a second dust, respectively. The particles of the tenth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second dust.

[0063] The tenth intermediate mixture was subjected to a fourth-stage separation to obtain the fourth black powder, diaphragm, copper particles and aluminum particles, respectively.

[0064] Furthermore, the tenth intermediate mixture undergoes four-stage separation, including:

[0065] The tenth intermediate mixture was sieved to obtain the eleventh intermediate mixture, the twelfth intermediate mixture and a portion of the fourth black powder, respectively. The particles of the eleventh intermediate mixture were larger than those of the twelfth intermediate mixture.

[0066] The eleventh intermediate mixture is ground and granulated, and the ground and granulated eleventh intermediate mixture is then subjected to a fourth-stage separation.

[0067] The twelfth intermediate mixture was subjected to a fifth stage of separation to obtain a portion of the fourth black powder and the thirteenth intermediate mixture, respectively. The particles of the thirteenth intermediate mixture were larger than those of the fourth black powder.

[0068] The thirteenth intermediate mixture was subjected to gravity separation to obtain diaphragm, copper particles and aluminum particles respectively.

[0069] Furthermore, battery recycling methods also include:

[0070] The gaseous mixture is subjected to high-temperature combustion to obtain the combustion gas, which is then cooled and alkaline washed; or...

[0071] The gaseous mixture is subjected to at least two stages of condensation separation, and the tail gas after condensation separation is cooled and alkali washed.

[0072] Furthermore, battery recycling methods also include:

[0073] The heating temperature for the heat treatment of broken batteries to volatilize is T, where T≤200℃; and / or,

[0074] The black powder is collected by negative pressure suction and then separated to obtain a first separation product and a second separation product. The particles of the first separation product are larger than those of the second separation product. The first separation product is collected and the second separation product is sprayed and discharged.

[0075] According to another aspect of the present invention, a battery recycling system is provided, applicable to the battery recycling method provided above, the battery recycling system comprising:

[0076] Crushing equipment, used for crushing batteries;

[0077] The heating and volatilization equipment has its inlet connected to the outlet of the crushing equipment. The heating and volatilization equipment is used to heat and volatilize the crushed batteries to obtain a solid mixture.

[0078] The screening equipment is connected to the material outlet of the heating and volatilization equipment. The screening equipment is used to remove heavy objects, diaphragms and black powder from the solid mixture to obtain pre-treated material.

[0079] The grinding equipment is connected to the outlet of the screening equipment. The grinding equipment is used to grind and shape the copper and aluminum current collectors in the preliminary processed material into granules to obtain the intermediate processed material.

[0080] The gravity sorting device has its inlet connected to the outlet of the grinding equipment. It is used to classify copper and aluminum particles in intermediate processing materials.

[0081] Further, the screening equipment includes a first screening device, a de-powdering device, and an air classifier. The inlet of the first screening device is connected to the material outlet of the heating and volatilization device. The first screening device has screening holes for screening the solid mixture. The first screening device is used to screen the solid mixture. The inlet of the de-powdering device is connected to the outlet of the first screening device. The de-powdering device is used to disperse the screened solid mixture and remove black powder from it. The inlet of the air classifier is connected to the outlet of the de-powdering device. The air classifier is used to classify the solid mixture processed by the de-powdering device to obtain diaphragms, heavy objects, and pre-treated materials; and / or,

[0082] There are at least two heating and volatilization devices, and at least one of the two heating and volatilization devices is in operation.

[0083] Furthermore, the battery recycling system also includes a dispersing device for dispersing solid mixtures and / or intermediate mixtures obtained after separation of solid mixtures.

[0084] Furthermore, the dispersing equipment includes:

[0085] Vibratory breakers are used to break up solid mixtures and / or intermediate mixtures obtained after separation of solid mixtures; and / or...

[0086] Hammer crusher is used to break up solid mixtures and / or intermediate mixtures obtained after separation of solid mixtures by impact.

[0087] Furthermore, the battery recycling system also includes:

[0088] The first screening device screens the solid mixture to obtain a first black powder and a first intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the first intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the first black powder.

[0089] A vibratory mixer is used to break up a first intermediate mixture to obtain a second intermediate mixture and a third intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the third intermediate mixture are larger than those of the second intermediate mixture.

[0090] Furthermore, the battery recycling system also includes:

[0091] The second screening device screens the second intermediate mixture to obtain the second black powder and the fourth intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the fourth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second black powder.

[0092] The first separation component separates the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture after mixing them.

[0093] The hammer crusher is used to break up the mixture during the separation process of the fourth and third intermediate mixtures after mixing.

[0094] Furthermore, the first separation component includes:

[0095] A primary air separation device is used to perform primary air separation on the fourth and third intermediate mixtures to obtain the diaphragm mixture and the fifth intermediate mixture, respectively.

[0096] The third screening device screens the diaphragm mixture to obtain the second intermediate electrode material and the diaphragm, and collects the diaphragm.

[0097] The secondary air separation equipment performs secondary air separation on the second intermediate electrode material and the fifth intermediate mixture to obtain the sixth intermediate mixture and the seventh intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the seventh intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the sixth intermediate mixture.

[0098] The second separation component screens the sixth intermediate mixture to obtain the first intermediate electrode material. The discharge port of the second separation component is connected to the feed port of the hammer crusher so that the hammer crusher can crush and disperse the first intermediate electrode material.

[0099] Furthermore, the second separation component includes:

[0100] A first sorting device and a first magnetic separator, wherein the first sorting device performs electrostatic or eddy current separation on the sixth intermediate mixture to obtain the third intermediate electrode material and the diaphragm, and collects the diaphragm; the first magnetic separator performs magnetic separation on the third intermediate electrode material to remove magnetic substances and obtain the first intermediate electrode material; and / or,

[0101] The second magnetic separator and the second sorting device, the second magnetic separator performs magnetic separation on the seventh intermediate mixture to remove magnetic materials and obtain a copper-aluminum mixture;

[0102] The second sorting equipment separates the copper-aluminum mixture to obtain copper particles and aluminum particles respectively.

[0103] Furthermore, the battery recycling system also includes:

[0104] The primary separation equipment performs primary separation on the first intermediate electrode material broken up by the hammer crusher to obtain an eighth intermediate mixture and dust. The particles of the eighth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the dust.

[0105] The secondary separation equipment performs a second-stage separation on the eighth intermediate mixture to obtain the third black powder and the ninth intermediate mixture, respectively. The particles of the ninth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the third black powder.

[0106] The grinding and granulating machine is used to grind and granulate the ninth intermediate mixture;

[0107] The three-stage separation equipment performs a third-stage separation on the ninth intermediate mixture after grinding and granulation to obtain a tenth intermediate mixture and a second dust, respectively. The particles of the tenth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second dust.

[0108] The four-stage separation equipment performs a fourth-stage separation on the tenth intermediate mixture to obtain the fourth black powder, diaphragm, copper particles and aluminum particles respectively.

[0109] Furthermore, the primary separation equipment is a cyclone separator; and / or,

[0110] The secondary separation equipment is the first screening machine; and / or,

[0111] The tertiary separation equipment is a cyclone separator; and / or...

[0112] The fourth-stage separation equipment is the second screening machine.

[0113] Furthermore, the four-stage separation equipment has a first separation port, a second separation port, and a third separation port arranged at intervals, so as to obtain an eleventh intermediate mixture, a twelfth intermediate mixture, and a portion of the fourth black powder through the first separation port, the second separation port, and the third separation port, respectively, wherein the particles of the eleventh intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the twelfth intermediate mixture; the battery recycling system also includes:

[0114] The mill grinds and granulates the eleventh intermediate mixture. The mill's outlet is connected to the inlet of the fourth-stage separation equipment to perform a fourth-stage separation on the eleventh intermediate mixture after grinding and granulation.

[0115] The five-stage separation equipment has its feed inlet connected to the second separation port to perform the fifth-stage separation on the twelfth intermediate mixture to obtain a portion of the fourth black powder and the thirteenth intermediate mixture, respectively. The particles of the thirteenth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the fourth black powder.

[0116] A gravity separation device, which is at least partially connected to a five-stage separation device, is used to perform gravity separation on a thirteenth intermediate mixture to obtain diaphragm, copper particles and aluminum particles respectively.

[0117] Furthermore, the battery recycling system also includes:

[0118] The system includes a combustion furnace and an alkaline washing unit. The inlet of the combustion furnace is connected to the gas outlet of the heating and volatilization equipment to introduce a gaseous mixture. The combustion furnace performs high-temperature combustion on the gaseous mixture to obtain the combusted gas. The alkaline washing unit then cools and washes the combusted gas with alkaline solutions. Alternatively...

[0119] The equipment includes a condensation device and an alkaline washing device. The inlet of the condensation device is connected to the gas outlet of the heating and volatilization device to introduce the gaseous mixture. The condensation device condenses and separates the gaseous mixture. The inlet of the alkaline washing device is connected to the tail gas outlet of the condensation device to perform alkaline washing on the tail gas after condensation and separation.

[0120] Furthermore, the battery recycling system also includes:

[0121] The dust removal equipment has black powder discharge ports of the first screening equipment, the second screening equipment, the secondary separation equipment, the fourth separation equipment, and the fifth separation equipment, all of which are connected to the inlet of the dust removal equipment. The dust removal equipment has a first outlet for discharging the first separated product and a second outlet for discharging the second separated product. The particles of the first separated product are larger than the particles of the second separated product.

[0122] The silo's inlet is connected to the first outlet;

[0123] The spraying equipment has its inlet connected to the second outlet and is used to spray the second separated product.

[0124] By applying the technical solution of this invention, solids in the battery can be separated through crushing and heating to volatilize the solids. Heavy objects, separators, and black powder are further removed from the solids, resulting in a copper-aluminum current collector composed only of copper and aluminum. This current collector is then polished, forming dispersed copper and aluminum particles and polishing their surfaces. This reduces the likelihood of impurities from the production environment adhering to the particles and improves their surface color. This facilitates the separation of high-purity copper and aluminum in subsequent sorting processes, improving the copper-aluminum separation efficiency. Furthermore, by dispersing the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation during the solid mixture separation process, the materials are fully dispersed and dispersed, reducing material entanglement and facilitating thorough separation after dispersion, thus improving the separation effect. Therefore, the battery recycling method provided in this embodiment solves the technical problem of poor copper-aluminum separation in existing battery recycling processes. Attached Figure Description

[0125] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0126] Figure 1 illustrates a battery recycling process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0127] Figure 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a battery recycling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0128] Figure 3 shows an overall structural diagram of a battery recycling system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0129] Figure 4 shows an overall structural diagram of a battery recycling system using two heating and evaporation devices according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0130] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery recycling system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0131] The above-mentioned figures include the following reference numerals: 10, hopper; 102, crushing equipment; 104, heating and volatilization equipment; 40, first screening device; 50, powder removal equipment; 60, second screening device; 70, air classifier; 71, first air classifier; 72, second air classifier; 80, third screening device; 90, magnetic separator; 100, grinding equipment; 1110, fourth screening device; 1120, gravity separation device; 1130, dust removal device; 1141, first condenser; 1142, second condenser; 1143, third condenser; 1150, storage tank; 1160, alkaline washing spray tower; 1170, carbon adsorption equipment; 1180, exhaust tower; 1190, storage silo; 1191, heat dissipation equipment; 1192, first refrigeration unit; 1193, second refrigeration unit; 1194, induced draft fan; 101. First conveying equipment; 103. Second conveying equipment; 105. First screening equipment; 106. Third conveying equipment; 107. Vibrating mixer; 108. Second screening equipment; 109. Fourth conveying equipment; 110. Dispersing equipment; 111. Cyclone dust collector; 112. Secondary cyclone separator; 113. Secondary air classifier; 114. Primary air classifier; 115. Secondary magnetic separator; 116. Third screening equipment; 117. First sorting equipment; 118. Hammer crusher; 119. Primary separation equipment; 120. Baghouse dust collector; 121. Secondary separation equipment; 122. Mill; 124. Tertiary separation equipment; 126. Specific gravity. Sorting equipment; 127. Gravity separator; 128. Quaternary separation equipment; 129. Pentium separation equipment; 130. Silo; 131. Dust removal equipment; 132. Spraying equipment; 133. First chimney; 134. First filter; 136. Quenching equipment; 137. Water washing tower; 138. Secondary alkaline washing equipment; 139. Tertiary alkaline washing equipment; 140. Flue gas mixer; 141. Electric heater; 142. SCR reactor; 143. Second chimney; 144. First dust collector; 146. Second sorting equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0132] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0133] As shown in Figure 1, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a battery recycling method, which includes: crushing the battery and heating the crushed battery to volatilize it to obtain a solid mixture; removing heavy objects, separators and black powder from the solid mixture to obtain a pre-processed material; grinding and shaping the copper and aluminum current collectors in the pre-processed material into granules to obtain an intermediate-processed material; and sorting the copper and aluminum particles in the intermediate-processed material.

[0134] The battery recycling method provided in Embodiment 1 of this invention can separate the solids in the battery through crushing and heating to volatilize them, and further remove heavy objects, separators, and black powder from the solids to obtain a copper-aluminum current collector composed only of copper and aluminum. The current collector is then polished, which forms dispersed copper and aluminum particles and polishes their surfaces, reducing the possibility of impurities from the production environment adhering during processing and improving the surface color of the particles. This facilitates the separation of high-purity copper and aluminum in subsequent sorting processes, improving the copper-aluminum separation efficiency. Therefore, the battery recycling method provided in this embodiment can solve the technical problem of poor copper-aluminum separation efficiency in the battery recycling process of existing technologies.

[0135] Specifically, the heavy components in the solid mixture include the steel shell and the pole.

[0136] Specifically, the method for classifying copper and aluminum particles in intermediate processing materials includes: using gravity separation to separate copper and aluminum particles in the intermediate processing materials. This method can effectively distinguish between copper and aluminum particles that have already been shaped into granules, separating them based on the difference in their relative densities, thus effectively improving separation efficiency.

[0137] Specifically, the method for grinding and shaping the copper-aluminum current collector in the preliminary processed material into granules includes: grinding the copper-aluminum current collector into copper particles with a particle size of d1 and aluminum particles with a particle size of d2, where 0.1mm≤d1≤1mm; 0.1mm≤d2≤1mm. This facilitates subsequent separation of copper and aluminum by gravity separation.

[0138] In this embodiment, after removing the heavy objects, separator, and black powder from the solid mixture, the battery recycling method further includes collecting the heavy objects and separator. After collecting the heavy objects and separator, the battery recycling method further includes sieving the separator to remove the black powder from it. This separates the separator and the black powder adhering to it, facilitating classified recycling and effectively improving the battery's recycling rate.

[0139] Specifically, after collecting the heavy objects and separator, the battery recycling method also includes: magnetically separating the heavy objects to obtain the steel casing. This separates the terminals and steel casing from the heavy objects, facilitating their classification and recycling, and effectively improving the battery's recycling rate.

[0140] Specifically, the method for removing heavy objects, diaphragms, and black powder from a solid mixture includes: sieving the solid mixture using a sieve aperture of d3, where 0 μm < d3 ≤ 180 μm, to remove black powder. This sieving process removes black powder from the solid mixture, thereby improving the purity of the product in subsequent recycling processes.

[0141] In this embodiment, the method for removing heavy objects, diaphragms, and black powder from a solid mixture further includes: screening the solid mixture using a first screening device 40 to remove at least a portion of the black powder and obtain a first intermediate material; breaking up the first intermediate material and screening it using a second screening device 60 to remove at least a portion of the black powder and obtain a second intermediate material; and air-classifying the second intermediate material to obtain diaphragms, heavy objects, and pre-treated material, respectively. One of the first screening device 40 and the second screening device 60 is a linear vibrating screen, and the other is a circular vibrating screen. This method allows for the application of different types of screening devices to further improve screening accuracy and ensure product purity.

[0142] Specifically, after obtaining the separator, weights, and pre-processed materials, the battery recycling method further includes: using a third screening device 80 to screen the separator to remove at least a portion of the black powder on the separator. This separates the separator and the black powder adhering to it, facilitating classified recycling and effectively improving the battery's recycling rate.

[0143] Specifically, after grinding and shaping the copper-aluminum current collector in the pre-processed material into granules, the battery recycling method further includes: using a fourth screening device 1110 to screen the pre-processed material to remove black powder and obtain a mixture of copper and aluminum particles. One of the second screening device 60 and the third screening device 80 is a linear screen, and the other is a circular vibrating screen; one of the third screening device 80 and the fourth screening device 1110 is a linear screen, and the other is a circular vibrating screen. This method allows for further improvement in screening accuracy and ensures product purity by applying different types of screening devices to process the material.

[0144] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first screening device 40 is a straight vibrating screen, the second screening device 60 is a circular vibrating screen, the third screening device 80 is a straight vibrating screen, and the fourth screening device 1110 is a circular vibrating screen.

[0145] In this embodiment, the method for heating and volatilizing broken batteries includes heating the broken batteries to volatilize the electrolyte in the broken batteries, forming a gaseous mixture. The heating temperature for heating the broken batteries is T, where 80℃≤T≤100℃. This prevents the electrolyte from decomposing during the heating and volatilization process, thus avoiding the formation of fluorides, reducing fluorides generated by high-temperature cracking, and also reducing energy consumption. Specifically, the gaseous mixture in this embodiment can be organic waste gas.

[0146] Specifically, a gaseous mixture can be obtained during the heating and volatilization process of the broken batteries. After obtaining the gaseous mixture, the battery recycling method further includes: performing multi-stage condensation treatment on the gaseous mixture; performing alkaline spray treatment on the condensed gaseous mixture to remove fluorides from the condensed gaseous mixture to obtain a residual gaseous mixture; performing carbon adsorption treatment on the residual gaseous mixture; and discharging the carbon adsorption-treated residual gaseous mixture.

[0147] Specifically, a gaseous mixture can be obtained during the heating and volatilization process of the broken batteries. After obtaining the gaseous mixture, the battery recycling method further includes: performing a first-stage condensation treatment on the gaseous mixture, performing a second-stage condensation treatment on the gaseous mixture after the first-stage condensation treatment, and performing a third-stage condensation treatment on the gaseous mixture after the second-stage condensation treatment.

[0148] Specifically, the condensation temperature of the first-stage condensation process is t1, where 40℃≤t1≤50℃. This allows for the condensation of the gaseous mixture through the first-stage condensation process, facilitating the recovery of the electrolyte.

[0149] Specifically, the condensation temperature of the second-stage condensation process is t2, where 0℃≤t2≤5℃. This allows for further condensation of the gaseous mixture through the second-stage condensation process, facilitating the recovery of the electrolyte.

[0150] Specifically, the condensation temperature of the third-stage condensation process is t3, where -40℃≤t3≤-30℃. This allows for further condensation of the gaseous mixture through the third-stage condensation process, facilitating the recovery of the electrolyte.

[0151] Furthermore, by setting the temperature ranges of the first-stage condensation treatment, the second-stage condensation treatment, and the third-stage condensation treatment in sequence, it is possible to achieve a better condensation effect, thereby facilitating better recovery of the electrolyte.

[0152] Specifically, after classifying the copper and aluminum particles in the intermediate processing materials, the battery recycling method further includes: conveying the black powder to the storage chamber 1190 by negative pressure suction.

[0153] As shown in Figure 2, Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a battery recycling method, which includes: crushing the battery and heating the crushed battery to volatilize it to obtain a gaseous mixture and a solid mixture; separating the solid mixture to obtain a separator, an electrode, black powder, copper particles and aluminum particles respectively; and dispersing the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after the solid mixture is separated during the separation process.

[0154] The battery recycling method provided in this embodiment disperses and breaks up the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation during the separation process. This ensures that the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation can be fully dispersed and broken up, reducing the situation where material clumps are difficult to separate during the separation process. It facilitates the full separation of materials after dispersion and breaking up, ensuring the effective implementation of the separation process and improving the separation effect.

[0155] Specifically, the process of dispersing the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation of the solid mixture includes: vibrating and / or impacting the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation of the solid mixture. This method facilitates thorough dispersing of the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation of the solid mixture, thereby ensuring effective separation.

[0156] Specifically, the intermediate mixture includes a first intermediate mixture; the separation of the solid mixture includes: sieving the solid mixture to obtain a first black powder and a first intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the first intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the first black powder; and dispersing the first intermediate mixture to obtain a second intermediate mixture and a third intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the third intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second intermediate mixture. This facilitates the dispersal of the first intermediate mixture, avoids material entanglement and adhesion within the first intermediate mixture, and effectively improves the separation efficiency.

[0157] Specifically, after dispersing the first intermediate mixture, the battery recycling method further includes: screening the second intermediate mixture to obtain a second black powder and a fourth intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the fourth intermediate mixture are larger than those of the second black powder; mixing the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture and then separating them, and using a hammer crusher to disperse the mixture during the separation process. This facilitates the effective and thorough dispersal and separation of the materials obtained after mixing and separating the fourth and third intermediate mixtures, better preventing material entanglement during the separation process.

[0158] In this embodiment, the process of separating the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture after mixing includes: separating the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture to obtain the first intermediate electrode material; and then crushing and separating the first intermediate electrode material. This facilitates better crushing and dispersing of the first intermediate electrode material, avoids the electrode containing material, and improves the coating of the electrode with materials such as black powder and separator.

[0159] Specifically, the fourth and third intermediate mixtures are mixed and then separated to obtain the first intermediate electrode material, including: primary air classification of the fourth and third intermediate mixtures to obtain a diaphragm mixture and a fifth intermediate mixture, respectively; sieving the diaphragm mixture to obtain the second intermediate electrode material and a diaphragm, and collecting the diaphragm; secondary air classification of the second intermediate electrode material and the fifth intermediate mixture to obtain a sixth and a seventh intermediate mixture, wherein the particles in the seventh intermediate mixture are larger than those in the sixth intermediate mixture; and sieving the sixth intermediate mixture to obtain the first intermediate electrode material. This facilitates better separation, allowing for the gradual separation of different particles and types of materials, thus improving the overall separation efficiency.

[0160] In this embodiment, the sixth intermediate mixture is screened to obtain the first intermediate electrode material, including: electrostatic separation or eddy current separation of the sixth intermediate mixture to obtain the third intermediate electrode material and the diaphragm, and collecting the diaphragm; and magnetic separation of the third intermediate electrode material to remove magnetic substances and obtain the first intermediate electrode material. This facilitates the gradual and multiple separation of the electrode, diaphragm, and black powder, thereby improving the separation effect. Furthermore, magnetic separation prevents magnetic substances from entering the subsequent hammer crusher 118, which would affect the service life of the hammer crusher 118.

[0161] Specifically, the battery recycling method further includes: magnetically separating the seventh intermediate mixture to remove magnetic materials and obtain a copper-aluminum mixture; and sorting the copper-aluminum mixture to obtain copper particles and aluminum particles separately. This facilitates the separate recycling of copper and aluminum particles, making recycling easier.

[0162] In this embodiment, the first intermediate electrode material is crushed and separated by hammer crushing, including: crushing the first intermediate electrode material by hammer crushing, and performing a first-stage separation on the crushed first intermediate electrode material to obtain an eighth intermediate mixture and dust, wherein the particles of the eighth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the dust; performing a second-stage separation on the eighth intermediate mixture to obtain a third black powder and a ninth intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the ninth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the third black powder; grinding and granulating the ninth intermediate mixture, and performing a third-stage separation on the ground and granulated ninth intermediate mixture to obtain a tenth intermediate mixture and a second dust, wherein the particles of the tenth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second dust; and performing a fourth-stage separation on the tenth intermediate mixture to obtain a fourth black powder, a separator, copper particles, and aluminum particles. This multi-stage separation facilitates the gradual separation of the fourth black powder, separator, copper particles, and aluminum particles, ensuring effective separation.

[0163] Specifically, the tenth intermediate mixture undergoes four-stage separation, including: sieving the tenth intermediate mixture to obtain an eleventh intermediate mixture, a twelfth intermediate mixture, and a portion of the fourth black powder, with the particles of the eleventh intermediate mixture being larger than those of the twelfth intermediate mixture; grinding and granulating the eleventh intermediate mixture, followed by a fourth-stage separation; performing a fifth-stage separation on the twelfth intermediate mixture to obtain a portion of the fourth black powder and a thirteenth intermediate mixture, with the particles of the thirteenth intermediate mixture being larger than those of the fourth black powder; and gravity separation of the thirteenth intermediate mixture to obtain a diaphragm, copper particles, and aluminum particles. This method effectively achieves separation and allows for the re-acquisition of a portion of the diaphragm, copper particles, and aluminum particles.

[0164] Specifically, battery recycling methods also include processing gaseous mixtures.

[0165] Specifically, the gaseous mixture can be treated by high-temperature combustion to obtain combustion gases, followed by cooling and alkaline scrubbing to ensure thorough treatment and that the exhaust gases meet emission standards before being emitted. Alternatively, the gaseous mixture can be treated by at least two stages of condensation separation, followed by cooling and alkaline scrubbing of the condensed exhaust gases to ensure thorough treatment and that the exhaust gases meet emission standards before being emitted.

[0166] In this embodiment, the battery recycling method further includes heating the broken battery at a temperature of T, where T ≤ 200°C, to allow the electrolyte in the broken battery to evaporate and form organic waste gas. By ensuring T ≤ 200°C, the electrolyte does not decompose during the heating and evaporation process, thus preventing the formation of fluorides, reducing fluorides generated by high-temperature cracking, and lowering energy consumption. Preferably, 80°C ≤ T ≤ 100°C.

[0167] Specifically, the battery recycling method also includes collecting black powder through negative pressure suction, separating the collected black powder to obtain a first separation product and a second separation product. The particles of the first separation product are larger than those of the second separation product. The first separation product is collected, and the second separation product is sprayed and discharged. This facilitates centralized treatment of the black powder, ensuring that the black powder is decontaminated, and that the qualified exhaust gas is emitted.

[0168] Specifically, the intermediate mixture in this embodiment includes the first intermediate mixture to the thirteenth intermediate mixture. The black powder includes the first black powder to the fourth black powder.

[0169] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a battery recycling system applicable to the battery recycling method described above. The battery recycling system includes: a crushing device 102, a heating and volatilization device 104, a screening device, a grinding device 100, and a gravity separation device 1120. The crushing device 102 is used to crush the batteries. The inlet of the heating and volatilization device 104 is connected to the outlet of the crushing device 102, and the heating and volatilization device 104 is used to heat and volatilize the crushed batteries to obtain a solid mixture. The inlet of the screening device is connected to the material outlet of the heating and volatilization device 104, and the screening device is used to remove heavy objects, separators, and black powder from the solid mixture to obtain pre-processed material. The inlet of the grinding device 100 is connected to the outlet of the screening device, and the grinding device 100 is used to grind and shape the copper and aluminum current collectors in the pre-processed material into granules to obtain intermediate-processed material. The inlet of the gravity separation device 1120 is connected to the outlet of the grinding device 100, and the gravity separation device 1120 is used to separate copper particles and aluminum particles in the intermediate-processed material.

[0170] The battery recycling system provided in Embodiment 3 can crush batteries using crushing equipment 102, then heat-evaporate the crushed batteries using heating and volatilization equipment 104 to volatilize the electrolyte. The solid material then enters a screening device to remove heavy objects, separators, and black powder, yielding a copper-aluminum current collector. Finally, the copper-aluminum current collector is ground and shaped into granules using grinding equipment 100, facilitating subsequent classification of copper and aluminum by a gravity separator 1120. This avoids impurities and black powder contamination in the recovered copper and aluminum, further improving the copper-aluminum separation efficiency. Therefore, the battery recycling system provided in this embodiment can solve the technical problem of poor copper-aluminum separation efficiency in the battery recycling process of the prior art.

[0171] Specifically, when heating the broken battery, the vacuum degree inside the heating and evaporation device 104 is p, -100kPa≤p≤-90kPa. In this way, when the heating and evaporation device 104 is heated, the electrolyte can be evaporated into gas without decomposing fluorides.

[0172] Preferably, p = -95 kPa.

[0173] Specifically, the screening equipment includes a first screening device 40, a de-powdering device 50, and an air classifier 70. The inlet of the first screening device 40 is connected to the material outlet of the heating and volatilization device 104. The first screening device 40 has screening holes for screening the solid mixture and is used to screen the solid mixture. The inlet of the de-powdering device 50 is connected to the outlet of the first screening device 40. The de-powdering device 50 is used to break up the screened solid mixture and remove black powder from it. The inlet of the air classifier 70 is connected to the outlet of the de-powdering device 50. The air classifier 70 is used to air classify the solid mixture processed by the de-powdering device 50 to obtain diaphragms, heavy objects, and pre-treated materials. With this structural setup, the black powder in the solid mixture can be initially removed by the first screening device 40. Then, the powder removal device 50 separates the various materials in the solid mixture by dispersing them, avoiding adhesion between materials which would be detrimental to subsequent separation. Next, the air classifier 70 separates the separator, heavy objects and other materials in the solid mixture, facilitating the subsequent processing of copper and aluminum and effectively improving the recycling rate of battery products.

[0174] Specifically, the air separation device 70 includes a first air separator 71 and a second air separator 72. The inlet of the first air separator 71 is connected to the outlet of the de-powdering equipment 50. The first air separator 71 is used to perform a first air separation on the solid mixture processed by the de-powdering equipment 50 to obtain the diaphragm. The inlet of the second air separator 72 is connected to the outlet of the first air separator 71. The second air separator 72 is used to perform a second air separation on the solid mixture processed by the de-powdering equipment 50 to obtain the heavy matter. In this way, the diaphragm and heavy matter in the solid mixture can be separated through two air separation processes, which facilitates the improvement of the purity of the subsequent recovered material.

[0175] Specifically, the diaphragm outlet of the first air separator 71 is also connected to the inlet of the third screening device 80 to separate the diaphragm and black powder on the diaphragm. The battery recycling system also includes a magnetic separator 90, the inlet of which is connected to the heavy-duty outlet of the second air separator 72 to separate the steel casing and other components in the heavy-duty material.

[0176] Specifically, there are at least two heating and volatilization devices 104, and at least one of the two devices 104 is in operation. This allows for the alternating and continuous operation of the heating and volatilization devices 104. When one device is unable to perform heating, the crushed battery material can be fed into another operational device 104, which helps reduce waiting time and increase the speed of separation and recovery. At the same time, this also ensures that the recovery operation can be maintained simultaneously during equipment maintenance.

[0177] Specifically, there are two heating and evaporation devices 104. The broken batteries enter one of the heating and evaporation devices 104 to remove the electrolyte. When one of the heating and evaporation devices 104 is operating, the broken batteries are added to the other heating and evaporation device 104. When the other heating and evaporation device 104 is operating, the broken batteries are added to one of the heating and evaporation devices 104. The heating and evaporation devices 104 operate in sequence.

[0178] Preferably, the heating and volatilization device 104 uses electromagnetic heating, which can achieve rapid heating.

[0179] Specifically, the heating and volatilization device 104 is equipped with rake teeth inside the stirring shaft to evenly turn and throw the material, so that the material is heated evenly.

[0180] Specifically, the battery recycling system also includes a first condenser 1141, a second condenser 1142, and a third condenser 1143 connected in sequence. The heat exchange inlet of the first condenser 1141 is connected to the gas outlet of the heating and volatilization device 104. The first condenser 1141, the second condenser 1142, and the third condenser 1143 are each connected to a storage tank 1150. The battery recycling system also includes an alkaline scrubbing tower 1160. The inlet of the alkaline scrubbing tower 1160 is connected to the heat exchange outlet of the third condenser 1143. The alkaline scrubbing tower 1160 is used to perform alkaline scrubbing treatment on the condensed gaseous mixture. The battery recycling system also includes a carbon adsorption device 1170 for carbon adsorption treatment of the gaseous mixture after alkaline spraying. The carbon adsorption device 1170 has a first inlet and a second inlet. The first inlet is connected to the outlet of the alkaline scrubbing tower 1160, and the second inlet is used to introduce a heat exchange medium. When one of the first and second inlets is open, the other is closed. Thus, when carbon adsorption treatment of the gaseous mixture is required by the carbon adsorption device 1170, the first inlet is opened while the second inlet is closed, allowing the gaseous mixture in the alkaline scrubbing tower 1160 to enter the carbon adsorption device 1170 for carbon adsorption. When desorption treatment is required by the carbon adsorption device 1170, the second inlet is opened while the first inlet is closed, preventing the gaseous mixture in the alkaline scrubbing tower 1160 from entering the carbon adsorption device 1170. Instead, the heat exchange medium can enter the carbon adsorption device 1170 through the second inlet for heating and desorption treatment.

[0181] Specifically, the outlet of the carbon adsorption device 1170 is connected to the exhaust tower 1180 so that the gaseous mixture treated by carbon adsorption is discharged through the exhaust tower 1180.

[0182] Specifically, the gas outlet of the heating and volatilization device 104 is used to discharge the gaseous mixture formed by the volatilization of the electrolyte; the material outlet of the heating and volatilization device 104 is used to discharge the solid mixture.

[0183] Specifically, the heat exchange medium used for heat exchange can be steam or high-temperature inert gas.

[0184] Specifically, there are two carbon adsorption devices. The two carbon adsorption devices are connected to the alkaline washing spray tower and the two carbon adsorption devices are connected to the exhaust tower 1180, so that the gaseous mixture treated by carbon adsorption is discharged through the exhaust tower 1180.

[0185] Specifically, the battery recycling method protected by this invention includes:

[0186] S1: Waste battery cells discharged to below 2V are fed into crushing equipment 102 via hopper 10 for crushing. The crushing process is carried out under nitrogen protection. Crushing equipment 102 is preferably a four-shaft crusher with a crushing particle size of about 15-30mm.

[0187] S2: The crushed material enters the heating and volatilization equipment 104 and is heated to 80 to 150°C to remove the electrolyte from the crushed battery material. The heating source is preferably electric heating.

[0188] S3: The gaseous mixture generated by heating and volatilization undergoes a three-stage condensation, alkaline spraying, and activated carbon fiber adsorption process after passing through a dust removal device 1130. The condensed organic solution is then stored and discharged. The first condenser 1141 is a tube-fin heat exchanger with a condensation temperature of 40-50℃. The second condenser 1142 is a tube-fin heat exchanger with a condensation temperature of 0-5℃. The third condenser 1143 is a tube-fin heat exchanger with a condensation temperature below -30℃. The gaseous mixture that condenses into a liquid enters a solvent tank (equivalent to storage tank 1150) for storage. The gaseous mixture that is not condensed into a liquid enters an alkaline scrubbing tower 1160 to remove fluorides. The alkaline scrubbing tower 1160 uses two layers of spray and three layers of packing. After removing the fluorides, the remaining gaseous mixture enters a carbon adsorption device 1170 for further treatment before being discharged in compliance with standards. The carbon adsorption equipment 1170 adopts a one-adsorption-one-desorption design with automatic switching, realizing the reuse of carbon fibers. Desorption can be carried out by steam or high-temperature nitrogen.

[0189] S4: The material after removing the electrolyte undergoes preliminary screening via a vibrating screen (equivalent to the first screening device 40). The vibrating screen is a two-layer linear screen, with the upper screen mesh having a size of 1-5mm and the lower screen mesh having a size of 80-120 mesh. The material oversized from the first and second layers enters the primary de-powdering device (equivalent to de-powdering equipment 50), and the material undersized from the second layer is black powder.

[0190] S5: The material is de-powdered in the primary de-powdering equipment, and the black powder adhering to the collector is removed by the dispersing machine of the de-powdering equipment 50.

[0191] S6: The mixture from the first-stage de-dust process is subjected to two-stage air separation to remove heavy objects (steel shells, electrode columns, etc.) and diaphragms from the electrode sheets. The removed diaphragms are then sieved to remove the black powder they carry, while the heavy objects are separated by magnetic separation to remove the steel shells.

[0192] S7: The electrode sheet after removing the heavy objects and diaphragm enters the secondary de-powdering process. Under the action of the mill (equivalent to the grinding equipment 100), the black powder on the electrode sheet is completely removed, and the copper-aluminum current collector is shaped into copper-aluminum particles of 0.1-1mm. The particles are then separated in the gravity separation device 1120.

[0193] S8: The black powder from each equipment outlet is transported to the black powder storage silo (equivalent to storage silo 1190) by negative pressure suction for storage and centralized collection.

[0194] Specifically, the battery recycling system in this embodiment further includes a heat dissipation device 1191, a first refrigerator 1192, a second refrigerator 1193, and an exhaust fan 1194. Specifically, the heat dissipation device 1191 is connected to the first condenser 1141 to provide a low-temperature cooling medium for the first condenser 1141; the first refrigerator 1192 is connected to the second condenser 1142 to provide a low-temperature cooling medium for the second condenser 1142; and the second refrigerator 1193 is connected to the third condenser 1143 to provide a low-temperature cooling medium for the third condenser 1143. The exhaust fan 1194 is located after the grinding equipment 100 to draw air towards the exhaust tower 1180.

[0195] As shown in Figure 5, Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a battery recycling system, which includes a crushing device 102, a heating and volatilization device 104, a separation device, and a dispersing device for crushing batteries. The inlet of the heating and volatilization device 104 is connected to the outlet of the crushing device 102, and the heating and volatilization device 104 is used to heat and volatilize the crushed batteries to obtain a gaseous mixture and a solid mixture. The inlet of the separation device is connected to the outlet of the heating and volatilization device 104, and the separation device is used to separate the solid mixture. The dispersing device is used to disperse the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation.

[0196] The battery recycling system provided in this embodiment uses a separation device to disperse the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after the solid mixture is separated. This allows the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after the solid mixture is separated to be fully dispersed and dispersed, reducing the situation where the material is difficult to separate during the separation process. It facilitates the full separation of the material after dispersion and dispersal, ensuring the effective implementation of the separation process and improving the separation effect of the material.

[0197] In this embodiment, the dispersing equipment includes a vibratory mixer 107 and / or a hammer crusher 118. The vibratory mixer 107 is used to vibrate and disperse the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation of the solid mixture, so as to fully disperse the materials to be separated and facilitate subsequent separation. The hammer crusher 118 is used to impact and disperse the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation of the solid mixture, so as to fully disperse the materials to be separated and facilitate subsequent separation.

[0198] Specifically, the separation equipment includes a first screening device 105 and a vibrating mixer 107. The first screening device 105 screens the solid mixture to obtain a first black powder and a first intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the first intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the first black powder. The vibrating mixer 107 disperses the first intermediate mixture to obtain a second intermediate mixture and a third intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the third intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second intermediate mixture. This facilitates the dispersion of the first intermediate mixture, avoids material entanglement and adhesion within the first intermediate mixture, and effectively improves the separation effect.

[0199] In this embodiment, the separation equipment further includes: a second screening device 108 and a first separation component. The second screening device 108 screens the second intermediate mixture to obtain a second black powder and a fourth intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the fourth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second black powder. The first separation component mixes the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture and then separates them. The battery recycling system also includes a hammer crusher 118, which crushes and disperses the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture during the separation process. This facilitates the effective and thorough dispersion and separation of the materials obtained after mixing and separating the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture, and better avoids the formation of entanglement of materials during the separation process.

[0200] Specifically, the first separation component includes: a primary air classifier 114, a third screening device 116, a secondary air classifier 113, and a second separation component. The primary air classifier 114 performs primary air classification on the fourth and third intermediate mixtures to obtain a diaphragm mixture and a fifth intermediate mixture, respectively. The third screening device 116 screens the diaphragm mixture to obtain second intermediate electrode material and diaphragms, and collects the diaphragms. The secondary air classifier 113 performs secondary air classification on the second intermediate electrode material and the fifth intermediate mixture to obtain a sixth and a seventh intermediate mixture, wherein the particles in the seventh intermediate mixture are larger than those in the sixth intermediate mixture. The second separation component screens the sixth intermediate mixture to obtain first intermediate electrode material. The discharge port of the second separation component is connected to the feed port of a hammer crusher 118 so that the hammer crusher 118 can crush and disperse the first intermediate electrode material. This facilitates better separation, allowing for the gradual separation of materials of different particle sizes and types, thus improving the overall separation efficiency.

[0201] Specifically, the inlet of the third screening device 116 is connected to the outlet of the primary air classifier 114, which discharges the diaphragm mixture. The inlet of the secondary air classifier 113 is connected to the outlet of the second intermediate electrode material of the third screening device 116 and the outlet of the fifth intermediate mixture of the primary air classifier 114. The inlet of the second separation component is connected to the outlet of the secondary air classifier 113, which discharges the sixth intermediate mixture.

[0202] In this embodiment, the second separation component includes a first sorting device 117 and a first magnetic separator. The first sorting device 117 performs electrostatic or eddy current separation on the sixth intermediate mixture to obtain the third intermediate electrode material and the diaphragm, and collects the diaphragm. The first magnetic separator performs magnetic separation on the third intermediate electrode material to remove magnetic substances and obtain the first intermediate electrode material. This facilitates the gradual and multiple separation of the electrode, diaphragm, and black powder to improve the separation effect. In addition, magnetic separation also prevents magnetic substances from entering the subsequent hammer crusher 118 and affecting the service life of the hammer crusher 118.

[0203] The second separation component includes a second magnetic separator 115 and a second sorting device 146. The second magnetic separator 115 performs magnetic separation on the seventh intermediate mixture to remove magnetic materials and obtain a copper-aluminum mixture. The second sorting device 146 sorts the copper-aluminum mixture to obtain copper particles and aluminum particles separately. This facilitates the separate recovery of copper and aluminum particles, making recycling easier.

[0204] In this embodiment, the separation equipment further includes: a primary separation device 119, a secondary separation device 121, a grinding and granulating machine, a tertiary separation device 124, and a quaternary separation device 128. The primary separation device 119 performs a first-stage separation on the first intermediate electrode material broken up by the hammer crusher to obtain an eighth intermediate mixture and dust, wherein the particles of the eighth intermediate mixture are larger than the dust particles. The secondary separation device 121 performs a second-stage separation on the eighth intermediate mixture to obtain a third black powder and a ninth intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the ninth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the third black powder. The grinding and granulating machine grinds and granulates the ninth intermediate mixture. The tertiary separation device 124 performs a third-stage separation on the ground and granulated ninth intermediate mixture to obtain a tenth intermediate mixture and a second dust, wherein the particles of the tenth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second dust. The quaternary separation device 128 performs a fourth-stage separation on the tenth intermediate mixture to obtain a fourth black powder, a diaphragm, copper particles, and aluminum particles. This structural design facilitates the separation of materials through multi-stage separation equipment, improving the separation effect and enabling the complete separation of the fourth black powder, diaphragm, copper particles, and aluminum particles.

[0205] Specifically, the primary separation device 119 is a cyclone separator; and / or, the secondary separation device 121 is a first screening machine; and / or, the tertiary separation device 124 is a cyclone separator; and / or, the quaternary separation device 128 is a second screening machine. This ensures that the separation effect is fully guaranteed.

[0206] In this embodiment, the four-stage separation device 128 has a first separation port, a second separation port, and a third separation port spaced apart, to obtain an eleventh intermediate mixture, a twelfth intermediate mixture, and a portion of the fourth black powder through the first, second, and third separation ports, respectively. The particles of the eleventh intermediate mixture are larger than those of the twelfth intermediate mixture. The battery recycling system also includes a mill 122 for grinding and granulating the eleventh intermediate mixture. The discharge port of the mill 122 is connected to the inlet of the four-stage separation device 128 to perform a fourth-stage separation on the ground and granulated eleventh intermediate mixture. The separation equipment also includes a five-stage separation device 129 and a gravity separator 126. The inlet of the five-stage separation device 129 is connected to the second separation port to perform a fifth-stage separation on the twelfth intermediate mixture to obtain a portion of the fourth black powder and a thirteenth intermediate mixture, respectively. The particles of the thirteenth intermediate mixture are larger than those of the fourth black powder. The gravity separation device 126 is at least partially connected to the five-stage separation device 129 to perform gravity separation on the thirteenth intermediate mixture to obtain diaphragm, copper particles, and aluminum particles respectively. This structural arrangement facilitates efficient separation and allows for the re-acquisition of a portion of the diaphragm, copper particles, and aluminum particles.

[0207] Specifically, the battery recycling system also includes a combustion furnace and an alkaline washing device. The inlet of the combustion furnace is connected to the gas outlet of the heating and volatilization device 104 to introduce a gaseous mixture. The combustion furnace performs high-temperature combustion on the gaseous mixture to obtain the combustion gas. The alkaline washing device cools and washes the combustion gas. This structural arrangement facilitates the thorough treatment of the gaseous mixture, ensuring that the exhaust gas meets emission standards before being discharged. Specifically, the combustion furnace can be a TO furnace.

[0208] Alternatively, the battery recycling system may also include a condensation unit and an alkaline washing unit. The inlet of the condensation unit is connected to the gas outlet of the heating and volatilization unit 104 to introduce the gaseous mixture. The condensation unit condenses and separates the gaseous mixture. The inlet of the alkaline washing unit is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the condensation unit to perform alkaline washing on the exhaust gas after condensation and separation. This structural arrangement facilitates the thorough treatment of the gaseous mixture, ensuring that the exhaust gas meets emission standards before being discharged. Specifically, the condensation unit can be a multi-stage system to facilitate thorough condensation and separation at each stage.

[0209] In this embodiment, the battery recycling system further includes a dust removal device 131, a hopper 130, and a spraying device 132. The black powder outlets of the first screening device 105, the second screening device 108, the secondary separation device 121, the fourth separation device 128, and the fifth separation device 129 are all connected to the inlet of the dust removal device 131. The dust removal device 131 has a first outlet for discharging the first separated product and a second outlet for discharging the second separated product, wherein the particles of the first separated product are larger than the particles of the second separated product. The inlet of the hopper 130 is connected to the first outlet, and the inlet of the spraying device 132 is connected to the second outlet. The spraying device 132 is used to spray the second separated product. This structure facilitates the thorough collection and treatment of black powder, ensuring that the exhaust gas meets environmental protection requirements.

[0210] Specifically, the specific process flow corresponding to the above embodiments is as follows:

[0211] The material (battery) to be processed is fed into the crushing equipment 102 through the first conveying device 101 for crushing. The crushed material is then fed into the heating and volatilization equipment 104 through the second conveying device 103. Specifically, the heating and volatilization equipment 104 is a low-temperature volatilization equipment with a maximum heating temperature of ≤200℃. After passing through the heating and volatilization equipment 104, the material is divided into two parts: one part is gaseous waste gas, and the other part is solid material.

[0212] The exhaust gas treatment method is as follows: the gaseous waste gas evaporates from the low-temperature volatilization equipment, then passes through the first filter 134 to remove dust, and enters the combustion furnace for combustion. The temperature of the combustion furnace is ≤1100℃. The combustion furnace can be a TO furnace. After combustion, the gas is cooled to 200℃ by the quenching equipment 136, then passes through the first dust collector 144 and then through the water washing tower 137 to absorb the fluorides in the waste gas. Then it passes through the secondary alkaline washing equipment 138 to further absorb the fluorides. Finally, it passes through the tertiary alkaline washing equipment 139 to absorb the fluorides. Then it passes through the flue gas mixer 140 to mix, and then through the electric heater 141 to heat the gas and increase the gas temperature. Then it passes through the SCR reactor 142 (also known as the selective catalytic reduction reactor) to remove nitrogen oxides. Finally, the exhaust gas meets the standards and is discharged through the second chimney 143.

[0213] The solid material is screened by the first screening device 105, which discharges the small black particles (first black powder). The other large particles (first intermediate mixture) are fed into the dispersing device (vibrating disperser 107) via the third conveying device 106 to further disperse the material and resolve the issue of partially coated material. After dispersing, some of the small particles (second intermediate mixture) are screened by the second screening device 108, which further separates the small black particles (second black powder) from the medium-sized electrode material (fourth intermediate mixture). The medium-sized particles are combined with the large electrode material (third intermediate mixture) dispersed by the dispersing device and fed into the fourth conveying device 109, then into the dispersion device 110, and then into the primary air classifier 114 to separate the lighter diaphragms (diaphragm mixture). The diaphragms are then fed into the third screening device 116 via the cyclone dust collector 111 to separate the diaphragms from the small electrode particles. The material (second intermediate electrode material) is separated and collected by the diaphragm. The heavier material (fifth intermediate mixture) after passing through the primary air classifier 114 enters the secondary air classifier 113 for further air classification. The lighter electrode material (second intermediate electrode material), copper foil, and aluminum foil (part of the fifth intermediate mixture and the sixth intermediate mixture) fall into the first sorting device 117 (which corresponds to electrostatic separation or eddy current equipment) after passing through the secondary cyclone separator 112 to further separate the doped diaphragm. The remaining electrode material (third intermediate electrode material) enters the next stage equipment. The heavier material (seventh intermediate mixture) after passing through the secondary air classifier 113 falls into the second magnetic separator 115 to separate the magnetic and non-magnetic materials. Then, the non-magnetic materials pass through the second sorting device 146 (which can be an AI separator) to separate the copper and aluminum blocks (copper-aluminum mixture) that are mixed in, further separating the large copper and aluminum, and improving the economic efficiency of recycling.The electrode sheets (third intermediate electrode material) separated from the electrostatic separation or eddy current separation in the first sorting device 117 are further demagnetized by the first magnetic separation device, which effectively protects the service life of the hammer crusher 118. Additionally, the hammer crusher 118 further breaks up the material coating on the electrode sheets (first intermediate electrode material), improving the recovery rate. Through negative pressure suction, the material after hammer crushing is passed through the primary separation device 119 (cyclone separation), while the heavier material (eighth intermediate mixture) falls into the secondary separation device 121 (which can...). The process begins with a screening machine. Small black particles (third black powder) enter the receiving system, while larger particles (ninth intermediate mixture) enter the mill 122. Light dust (first dust) from the cyclone separator is filtered by a bag filter 120. The black material then enters the receiving system. After passing through the mill 122, the larger particles (ninth intermediate material) are granulated. These materials are then drawn into the tertiary separation unit 124 (cyclone separator) under negative pressure. The heavier material (tenth intermediate mixture) exits from the tertiary separation unit. The material discharged from the cyclone discharge port of 124 is light black dust (secondary dust). After passing through the upper discharge port of the cyclone in the three-stage separation device 124 and being filtered by the bag filter 120, the black material enters the material collection system. The heavier material (tenth intermediate mixture) exiting the cyclone from the three-stage separation device 124 enters the four-stage separation device 128 (screening device). The four-stage separation device 128 has three outlets: the first separation port, the second separation port, and the third separation port. The largest particles (eleventh intermediate mixture) exit from the upper screening port (first separation port). The material is returned to mill 122 for re-feeding. Medium-sized particles (the twelfth intermediate mixture) enter the five-stage separation equipment 129 (screening equipment). The smallest particles (part of the fourth black powder) enter the black powder collection system. The material screened in the five-stage separation equipment 129 is screened again. The largest particles are screened through the gravity separator 126 to remove the small diaphragms. Medium-sized particles enter the gravity separator 127 to separate copper and aluminum. The smallest particles (part of the fourth black powder) enter the material collection system. Through the material collection system, the smallest black substances from the first screening device 105, the second screening device 108, the bag filter dust collector 131, the secondary separation device 121, the quaternary separation device 128, and the quinary separation device 129 in the entire production line are drawn into the dust collector 131 by negative pressure suction. Then (the first separation product) falls into the silo 130, and the smaller dust particles (the second separation product) pass through the spray device 132 and are finally discharged in compliance with regulations through the first chimney 133.

[0214] It should be noted that the conveying equipment in this application can be selected from various methods such as belt conveyors, scrapers, bucket elevators, and screw conveyors. The screening equipment can be a variety of screening structures such as a gyratory screen, a linear screen, and a circular vibrating screen.

[0215] Embodiment 5 of the present invention provides a battery recycling system. The difference between the recycling device in this embodiment and the battery recycling system in Embodiment 4 is that the recycling device in this embodiment does not have a primary separation device 119 and a bag filter 120. The hammer crusher 118 of the recycling device in this embodiment is directly connected to the secondary separation device 121. In this way, the separation effect of the material can be effectively guaranteed.

[0216] Embodiment 6 of the present invention provides a battery recycling system. The difference between the recycling device in this embodiment and the battery recycling system in Embodiment 4 is the location of the first sorting device 117. In this embodiment, the first sorting device 117 is located between the hammer crusher 118 and the secondary separation device 121. This also effectively ensures the separation effect of the materials.

[0217] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: effectively reducing the generation of fluorides during battery recycling and avoiding the problem of substandard exhaust emissions; effectively reducing equipment energy consumption; and effectively realizing the recycling and utilization of electrolyte in batteries. By adding hammer crushing and dispersing during the powdering process, the occurrence of material coating can be effectively solved; by adding electrostatic separation or gravity separation after air classification, difficult-to-remove separators can be removed, making subsequent processes smoother. By using TO furnace combustion, followed by rapid cooling, bag filter dust collection, primary water washing, secondary and tertiary alkaline washing for fluoride removal, and then nitrogen oxide removal through a denitrification device, the final emission meets the standards.

[0218] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0219] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0220] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0221] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0222] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0223] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery recycling method, characterized in that, include: The battery is crushed, and the crushed battery is heated and volatilized to obtain a solid mixture. The solid mixture is separated to remove heavy objects, membranes, and black powder from the solid mixture to obtain pre-treated material; The copper and aluminum current collectors in the preliminary processed material are ground and shaped into granules to obtain intermediate processed material; the copper and aluminum particles in the intermediate processed material are then sorted.

2. The battery recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The classification of copper and aluminum particles in the intermediate processing material includes: separating the copper and aluminum particles in the intermediate processing material using gravity separation; and / or, The step of grinding and shaping the copper-aluminum current collector in the pre-treated material into granules includes: grinding the copper-aluminum current collector into copper particles with a particle size of d1 and aluminum particles with a particle size of d2; wherein, 0.1mm ≤ d1 ≤ 1mm; 0.1mm ≤ d2 ≤ 1mm; and / or, The removal of heavy objects, diaphragms, and black powder from the solid mixture includes: The solid mixture is sieved to remove the black powder.

3. The battery recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After removing the heavy objects, separator, and black powder from the solid mixture, the battery recycling method further includes: collecting the heavy objects and the separator; after collecting the heavy objects and the separator, the battery recycling method further includes: The diaphragm is sieved to remove black powder from it; and / or, The weight is subjected to magnetic separation to obtain the steel shell inside the weight.

4. The battery recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The removal of heavy objects, diaphragms, and black powder from the solid mixture includes: The solid mixture is screened using a first screening device to remove at least a portion of the black powder from the solid mixture and obtain a first intermediate material; The first intermediate material is broken up, and the broken up first intermediate material is screened using a second screening device to remove at least part of the black powder in the first intermediate material and obtain the second intermediate material. The second intermediate material is subjected to air separation to obtain the diaphragm, the heavy object, and the pre-treated material, respectively. Among them, one of the first screening device and the second screening device is a linear screen, and the other of the first screening device and the second screening device is a circular vibrating screen.

5. The battery recycling method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After obtaining the separator, the weight, and the pre-processed material, the battery recycling method further includes: using a third screening device to screen the separator to remove at least a portion of the black powder on the separator; After grinding and shaping the copper-aluminum current collector in the pre-processed material into granules, the battery recycling method further includes: using a fourth screening device to screen the pre-processed material to remove black powder from the pre-processed material and obtain a mixture of copper particles and aluminum particles. Among them, one of the second screening device and the third screening device is a linear screen, and the other of the second screening device and the third screening device is a circular vibrating screen; one of the third screening device and the fourth screening device is a linear screen, and the other of the third screening device and the fourth screening device is a circular vibrating screen.

6. The battery recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of heating and volatilizing the broken battery also yields a gaseous mixture; after obtaining the gaseous mixture, the battery recycling method further includes: The gaseous mixture is subjected to a first-stage condensation treatment, the gaseous mixture after the first-stage condensation treatment is subjected to a second-stage condensation treatment, and the gaseous mixture after the second-stage condensation treatment is subjected to a third-stage condensation treatment. Wherein, the condensation temperature of the first-stage condensation treatment is t1, 40℃≤t1≤50℃; and / or, The condensation temperature of the second-stage condensation treatment is t2, where 0℃≤t2≤5℃; and / or, The condensation temperature of the third-stage condensation process is t3, where -40℃≤t3≤-30℃.

7. The battery recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery recycling method further includes: During the separation of the solid mixture, the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after the solid mixture is separated are broken up. The dispersing operation includes vibration dispersing and / or impact dispersing.

8. The battery recycling method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intermediate mixture includes a first intermediate mixture; the separation of the solid mixture includes: The solid mixture is sieved to obtain a first black powder and a first intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the first intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the first black powder. The first intermediate mixture is broken up to obtain a second intermediate mixture and a third intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the third intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second intermediate mixture. The second intermediate mixture is sieved to obtain a second black powder and a fourth intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the fourth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second black powder. The fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture are mixed and then separated, and the mixture is broken up by hammering during the separation process.

9. The battery recycling method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of hammer crushing and breaking down the mixture during the separation process after mixing the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture includes: The fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture are mixed and then separated to obtain the first intermediate electrode material; The first intermediate electrode material is crushed and separated by hammering.

10. The battery recycling method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of mixing and separating the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture to obtain the first intermediate electrode material includes: The fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture are subjected to primary air classification to obtain a diaphragm mixture and a fifth intermediate mixture, respectively. The membrane mixture is sieved to obtain a second intermediate electrode material and a membrane, and the membrane is collected. The second intermediate electrode material and the fifth intermediate mixture are subjected to secondary air classification to obtain a sixth intermediate mixture and a seventh intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the seventh intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the sixth intermediate mixture. The sixth intermediate mixture is screened to obtain the first intermediate electrode material.

11. The battery recycling method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The step of screening the sixth intermediate mixture to obtain the first intermediate electrode material includes: performing electrostatic separation or eddy current separation on the sixth intermediate mixture to obtain the third intermediate electrode material and the separator, collecting the separator; performing magnetic separation on the third intermediate electrode material to remove magnetic materials and obtain the first intermediate electrode material; and / or, The battery recycling method further includes: performing magnetic separation on the seventh intermediate mixture to remove magnetic materials and obtain a copper-aluminum mixture; and sorting the copper-aluminum mixture to obtain copper particles and aluminum particles respectively.

12. The battery recycling method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of crushing and separating the first intermediate electrode material by hammering includes: The first intermediate electrode material is crushed and dispersed by hammer crushing, and the crushed and dispersed first intermediate electrode material is separated in the first stage to obtain an eighth intermediate mixture and dust. The particles of the eighth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the dust. The eighth intermediate mixture is subjected to a second-stage separation to obtain a third black powder and a ninth intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the ninth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the third black powder. The ninth intermediate mixture is ground and granulated, and the ground and granulated ninth intermediate mixture is subjected to a third-stage separation to obtain a tenth intermediate mixture and a second dust, wherein the particles of the tenth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second dust. The tenth intermediate mixture is subjected to a fourth-stage separation to obtain the fourth black powder, diaphragm, copper particles and aluminum particles, respectively.

13. The battery recycling method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The four-stage separation of the tenth intermediate mixture includes: The tenth intermediate mixture is sieved to obtain an eleventh intermediate mixture, a twelfth intermediate mixture, and a portion of the fourth black powder, wherein the particles of the eleventh intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the twelfth intermediate mixture. The eleventh intermediate mixture is milled and granulated, and the milled and granulated eleventh intermediate mixture is subjected to the fourth-stage separation again; The twelfth intermediate mixture is subjected to a fifth-stage separation to obtain portions of the fourth black powder and the thirteenth intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the thirteenth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the fourth black powder. The thirteenth intermediate mixture was subjected to gravity separation to obtain diaphragm, copper particles and aluminum particles respectively.

14. The battery recycling method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that, During the heating and volatilization process of the broken battery, a gaseous mixture can also be obtained; after obtaining the gaseous mixture, the battery recycling method further includes: The gaseous mixture is subjected to high-temperature combustion to obtain combustion gas, which is then cooled and alkaline washed; or, The gaseous mixture is subjected to at least two stages of condensation separation, and the exhaust gas after condensation separation is cooled and washed with alkali.

15. The battery recycling method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The heating and volatilization treatment of the broken battery includes: heating the broken battery to volatilize the electrolyte in the broken battery to form a gaseous mixture; wherein the heating temperature for heating the broken battery is T, 80℃≤T≤100℃; and / or, The black powder is collected by negative pressure suction, and the collected black powder is separated to obtain a first separation product and a second separation product. The particles of the first separation product are larger than the particles of the second separation product. The first separation product is collected, and the second separation product is sprayed and discharged.

16. A battery recycling system, characterized in that, The battery recycling method applicable to any one of claims 1 to 15, the battery recycling system comprising: Crushing equipment (102) is used for crushing batteries; A heating and volatilization device (104) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the crushing device (102). The heating and volatilization device (104) is used to heat and volatilize the crushed battery to obtain a solid mixture. A screening device, the inlet of which is connected to the material outlet of the heating and volatilization device (104), is used to remove heavy objects, diaphragms and black powder from the solid mixture to obtain pre-treated material; A grinding device (100) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the screening device. The grinding device (100) is used to grind and shape the copper-aluminum current collector in the pre-processed material into granules to obtain intermediate-processed material. A gravity sorting device (1120) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the grinding equipment (100). The gravity sorting device (1120) is used to classify copper particles and aluminum particles in the intermediate processing material.

17. The battery recycling system according to claim 16, characterized in that, The screening equipment includes a first screening device (40), a de-powdering device (50), and an air classifier (70). The inlet of the first screening device (40) is connected to the material outlet of the heating and volatilization device (104). The first screening device (40) has screening holes for screening the solid mixture. The first screening device (40) is used to screen the solid mixture. The inlet of the de-powdering device (50) is connected to the outlet of the first screening device (40). The de-powdering device (50) is used to disperse the solid mixture after screening and remove black powder from the solid mixture after screening. The inlet of the air classifier (70) is connected to the outlet of the de-powdering device (50). The air classifier (70) is used to air classify the solid mixture after de-powdering device (50) to obtain the diaphragm, the heavy object, and the pre-treated material; and / or, The heating and volatilization equipment (104) consists of at least two units, and at least one of the at least two heating and volatilization equipment (104) is in operation.

18. The battery recycling system according to claim 16, characterized in that, The battery recycling system also includes: A dispersing device, which is used to disperse the solid mixture and / or the intermediate mixture obtained after separation of the solid mixture.

19. The battery recycling system according to claim 18, characterized in that, The screening equipment includes: a first screening device for screening the solid mixture to obtain a first black powder and a first intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the first intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the first black powder; The dispersing equipment includes a vibratory dispersing machine, which disperses the first intermediate mixture to obtain a second intermediate mixture and a third intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the third intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second intermediate mixture.

20. The battery recycling system according to claim 19, characterized in that, The screening device also includes: The second screening device screens the second intermediate mixture to obtain a second black powder and a fourth intermediate mixture, wherein the particles of the fourth intermediate mixture are larger than the particles of the second black powder. The first separation component mixes the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture and then separates them; The battery recycling system also includes a hammer crusher, which crushes and breaks down the mixture during the separation process of the fourth intermediate mixture and the third intermediate mixture.

21. The battery recycling system according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that, The battery recycling system also includes: A combustion furnace and an alkaline washing device are provided, wherein the inlet of the combustion furnace is connected to the gas outlet of the heating and volatilization device to introduce a gaseous mixture; the combustion furnace performs high-temperature combustion on the gaseous mixture to obtain combustion gas; and the alkaline washing device cools and alkaline washes the combustion gas; or... The equipment includes a condensation device and an alkaline washing device. The inlet of the condensation device is connected to the gas outlet of the heating and volatilization device to allow the gaseous mixture to be introduced. The condensation device performs condensation and separation on the gaseous mixture. The inlet of the alkaline washing device is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the condensation device to perform alkaline washing on the exhaust gas after condensation and separation by the condensation device.

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