Laminate and power supply structure

Abstract

The present invention expands the maximum frequency of radio waves that can be transmitted or received. A laminate (101) comprises a first dielectric sheet, a planar antenna (20) that is provided to the first dielectric sheet, and a substrate (40) for supplying power for the antenna (20). The antenna (20) has a flat first conductor (25) in which a first slot (30) is formed. The first conductor (25) includes a first conductor pattern (21) and a second conductor pattern (22) that sandwich the first slot (30) in plan view. The substrate (40) has a flat second conductor (45) in which a second slot (48) is formed. The second conductor (45) includes a first conductor pad (41) and a second conductor pad (42) that sandwich the second slot (48) in plan view. The first conductor pad (41) overlaps a first region (23), which is a section of the first conductor pattern (21), in plan view in a manner allowing electromagnetic field coupling, and the second conductor pad (42) overlaps a second region (24), which is a section of the second conductor pattern (22), in plan view in a manner allowing electromagnetic field coupling.

Description

Laminate and power supply structure

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a laminate and a power supply structure.

[0002] A glass antenna is known in which an antenna conductor and a feeding electrode connected to the antenna conductor are provided between two glass sheets of laminated glass, and a counter electrode is provided on the interior surface of the laminated glass at a location facing the feeding electrode. This glass antenna receives radio waves with frequencies between 450 and 806 MHz, and the feeding electrode and the counter electrode are electromagnetically or capacitively coupled, so that a received signal excited in the antenna conductor is transmitted in this order to the feeding electrode and then the counter electrode.

[0003] Patent No. 4760161

[0004] However, in contactless power feeding using electromagnetic coupling or capacitive coupling, the upper limit frequency of radio waves that can be transmitted or received may be limited to a low value by the inductance component of the contactless power feeding section.

[0005] An object of the present disclosure is to expand the upper limit frequency of radio waves that can be transmitted or received.

[0006] A first aspect is a laminate comprising: a first dielectric plate; a planar antenna provided on the first dielectric plate; and a substrate for feeding power to the antenna, wherein the antenna has a flat first conductor having a first slot formed therein, the first conductor including a first conductor pattern and a second conductor pattern that sandwich the first slot in a planar view; the substrate has a flat second conductor having a second slot formed therein, the second conductor including a first conductor pad and a second conductor pad that sandwich the second slot in a planar view; the first conductor pad overlaps in the planar view with a first region that is a part of the first conductor pattern so as to be electromagnetically coupled; and the second conductor pad overlaps in the planar view with a second region that is a part of the second conductor pattern so as to be electromagnetically coupled.

[0007] A second aspect is the laminate of the first aspect, wherein the second slot may be aligned with the first slot in the plan view.

[0008] A third aspect is the stack of the first or second aspect, wherein the second slot may overlap the first slot in the plan view.

[0009] A fourth aspect is a laminate of any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the first slot may be present between a first edge of the first conductor pattern and a second edge of the second conductor pattern, the second slot may be present between a third edge of the first conductor pad and a fourth edge of the second conductor pad, the third edge may be along the first edge, and the fourth edge may be along the second edge.

[0010] A fifth aspect is a laminate of any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the first slot may include a first partial slot extending in a first direction from a first end to a second end between the first region and the second region, a second partial slot extending from the first end in a second direction different from the first direction, and a third partial slot extending from the second end in a third direction different from the first direction and the second direction, and the second slot may be aligned with the first partial slot in the planar view.

[0011] A sixth aspect is a laminate of any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the first conductor pad may have an outer portion that follows the edge of the first conductor pattern at a location different from the first slot, or the second conductor pad may have an outer portion that follows the edge of the second conductor pattern at a location different from the first slot.

[0012] A seventh aspect is a laminate of any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the first dielectric plate may have a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the antenna may be arranged on the first surface side of the first dielectric plate, and the substrate may be arranged on the second surface side of the first dielectric plate.

[0013] An eighth aspect is a laminate of any one of the first to sixth aspects, which may further include a second dielectric plate arranged on the first surface side of the first dielectric plate, and an intermediate film arranged between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, and the antenna may be arranged between the first surface and the intermediate film.

[0014] A ninth aspect is a laminate of any one of the first to sixth aspects, which may further include a second dielectric plate arranged on the first surface side of the first dielectric plate, and an intermediate film arranged between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, and the antenna may be arranged between the intermediate film and the second dielectric plate.

[0015] A tenth aspect is a laminate of any one of the first to sixth aspects, which may further include a second dielectric plate arranged on the first surface side of the first dielectric plate, and a first intermediate film and a second intermediate film arranged between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, and the antenna may be arranged between the first intermediate film and the second intermediate film.

[0016] An eleventh aspect is a laminate of any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the first dielectric plate may have a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the antenna may be arranged on the second surface side of the first dielectric plate, and the substrate may be arranged on the opposite side of the antenna from the first dielectric plate.

[0017] A twelfth aspect is the laminate of the eleventh aspect, which may further include a second dielectric plate arranged on the first surface side of the first dielectric plate, and an intermediate film arranged between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate.

[0018] A thirteenth aspect is the laminate of the eleventh or twelfth aspect, further comprising a resist disposed between the first conductor and the substrate.

[0019] A fourteenth aspect is the laminate of any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, wherein the first dielectric plate may be a dielectric plate for a window.

[0020] In the fifteenth aspect, the antenna may be capable of transmitting or receiving radio waves in one or more frequency bands included in the frequency range of 600 MHz or more and 6 GHz or less.

[0021] A sixteenth aspect is a power supply structure including a substrate for feeding a planar antenna, wherein the antenna has a flat first conductor having a first slot formed therein, the first conductor including a first conductor pattern and a second conductor pattern that sandwich the first slot in a planar view, the substrate has a flat second conductor having a second slot formed therein, the second conductor including a first conductor pad and a second conductor pad that sandwich the second slot in a planar view, the first conductor pad overlapping a first region that is part of the first conductor pattern in the planar view to be electromagnetically coupled, and the second conductor pad overlapping a second region that is part of the second conductor pattern in the planar view to be electromagnetically coupled.

[0022] According to the present disclosure, the upper limit frequency of radio waves that can be transmitted or received can be expanded.

[0023] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a planar antenna in a planar view; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a power feeding substrate in a planar view; FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a power feeding structure including a power feeding substrate for a planar antenna in a planar view; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to a first embodiment; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to a second embodiment; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to a third embodiment; FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to a fourth embodiment; FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to a fifth embodiment; FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to a sixth embodiment; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a first modified example of a power feeding substrate; FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a second modified example of a power feeding substrate; FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a third modified example of a power feeding substrate; and FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a fourth modified example of a power feeding substrate.

[0024] Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that for ease of understanding, the scale of each part in the drawings may differ from the actual scale. Directions such as parallel, right angle, orthogonal, horizontal, vertical, up, down, left, and right, and terms such as identical and equal, are allowed to be deviated to the extent that they do not impair the functions and effects of the embodiment. The shape of the corners is not limited to right angles and may be rounded in an arched shape. "Opposite" is not limited to a form in which everything is opposed, but may include a form in which only part of the parts are opposed. "Overlapping" is not limited to a form in which everything is overlapped, but may include a form in which only part of the parts are overlapped.

[0025] The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions represent directions parallel to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively. The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions are perpendicular to one another. The XY plane, YZ plane, and ZX plane represent imaginary planes parallel to the X-axis and Y-axis directions, imaginary planes parallel to the Y-axis and Z-axis directions, and imaginary planes parallel to the Z-axis and X-axis directions, respectively.

[0026] Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a planar antenna in a planar view. A first direction D1, a second direction D2, a third direction D3, and a fourth direction D4 indicate directions in a planar view of the antenna 20 shown in Fig. 1. The fourth direction D4 indicates a direction opposite to the first direction D1. The third direction D3 indicates a direction opposite to the second direction D2. In this embodiment, in the first direction D1, the second direction D2, the third direction D3, and the fourth direction D4, two adjacent directions intersect at a right angle (which may include an approximately right angle), but the angle does not have to be a right angle.

[0027] The antenna 20 is a planar antenna having a flat first conductor 25 with a first slot 30 formed therein. The first slot 30 is a long, narrow cutout formed in the first conductor 25.

[0028] The first conductor 25 is an example of a film-like or plate-like flat conductor, and in this example, is a conductive film (a film having electrical conductivity) formed into a substantially rectangular outer shape. The first conductor 25 has outer edges 25 a, 25 b, 25 c, and 25 d.

[0029] The first conductor 25 includes a flat first conductor pattern 21 extending on one side of the first slot 30 and a flat second conductor pattern 22 extending on the other side of the first slot 30. The first conductor pattern 21 and the second conductor pattern 22 are separated by the first slot 30. The first conductor pattern 21 and the second conductor pattern 22 are antenna patterns that sandwich the first slot 30 in a plan view of the antenna 20. The area of ​​the first conductor pattern 21 is larger than the area of ​​the second conductor pattern 22.

[0030] The first conductor 25 is not limited to the shape shown in Fig. 1 as long as it is formed to be able to transmit or receive radio waves in a frequency band required for the antenna 20. The first conductor 25 shown in Fig. 1 is formed so that the antenna 20 can transmit or receive radio waves in one or more frequency bands included in the frequency range of 600 MHz or more and 6 GHz or less.

[0031] The first conductor 25 may be attached directly to an insulating mounting surface, or may be attached indirectly to the mounting surface via a dielectric layer 28. The dielectric layer 28 is an example of a film-like or plate-like flat dielectric material containing a dielectric as its main component.

[0032] By providing the first conductor 25 on the surface of the dielectric layer 28, even if the first conductor 25 is divided into the first conductor pattern 21 and the second conductor pattern 22, deviations in the dimensions of the first slot 30 and the like are suppressed, stabilizing the antenna characteristics of the antenna 20. In addition, this also makes it easier to attach the antenna 20 to an attachment surface.

[0033] The dielectric layer 28 is a layer containing a dielectric as a main component. The dielectric layer 28 may be a glass epoxy substrate such as FR4 or CEM3, or may be formed of a resin such as polyimide. The dielectric layer 28 may be formed of a fluororesin such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), or may be formed of a resin such as LCP (liquid crystal polymer) or PPO (polyphenylene oxide).

[0034] The first conductors 25 may be formed by firing a paste containing a conductive metal (for example, a silver paste, etc.), or may be formed of copper, etc.

[0035] The first conductor pattern 21 has a first region 23 to which a signal line (not shown) is electrically connected. The first region 23 is a power supply region including a first power supply point of the antenna 20. The second conductor pattern 22 has a second region 24 to which a ground line (not shown) is electrically connected. The second region 24 is a ground region including a second power supply point of the antenna 20. For example, an inner conductor (signal line) at one end of a coaxial cable is electrically connected to the first region 23, and an outer conductor (ground line) at one end of the coaxial cable is electrically connected to the second region 24. For example, a device having a transmitting function and / or a receiving function is connected to the other end of the coaxial cable.

[0036] The first slot 30 includes a slot 31, a slot 32, a slot 33, and a J-shaped slot 34. The slot 32, the slot 31, the slot 33, and the J-shaped slot 34 are connected in this order.

[0037] The slot 31 is an example of a first partial slot. The slot 31 extends in the first direction D1 between the first region 23 and the second region 24 from a first end 31 a to a second end 31 b. The slot 31 is a long, narrow cutout formed in the first conductor 25. The slot 31 exists between the first region 23 and the second region 24.

[0038] The slot 32 is an example of a second partial slot. The slot 32 extends from the first end 31 a to an open end 32 a in a second direction D2 different from the first direction D1. The slot 32 is a long, narrow cutout formed in the first conductor 25. The open end 32 a opens in the second direction D2 at the outer edge 25 b of the first conductor 25.

[0039] The slot 33 is an example of a third partial slot. The slot 33 extends from the second end 31 b to the third end 33 a in a third direction D3 different from the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. The slot 33 is an elongated cutout formed in the first conductor 25.

[0040] The J-slot 34 is an example of a J-slot. The J-slot 34 extends in a J-shape from the third end 33a to the open end 34a. The J-slot 34 is a long, narrow cutout formed in the first conductor 25. The open end 34a opens in the first direction D1 at the outer edge 25a of the first conductor 25.

[0041] The slot width at the open end 34a of the J-shaped slot 34 is wider than the slot width at the third end 33a.

[0042] Because the antenna 20 is a slot antenna, the electric field generated by the current flowing through the first conductor 25 is formed confined within the first conductor 25 and is therefore less susceptible to interference from metal or resin. Therefore, the antenna 20 has stable antenna characteristics even if metal or resin is in close proximity to the periphery of the antenna 20. For example, when the antenna 20 is mounted on a vehicle window glass, the antenna characteristics are stable even if the antenna 20 is in close proximity to a defogger capable of heating the window glass, a vehicle flange to which the window glass is attached, a metal film provided on the window glass, or the like.

[0043] The frequencies used for communication waves vary from country to country, and even within a single country, the frequency bands used by different carriers vary. Therefore, a wideband antenna is desirable so that it can transmit and receive multiple communication waves.

[0044] The antenna 20 has a plurality of slots, such as slot 31, slot 32, slot 33, and J-shaped slot 34. The antenna 20 having such a plurality of slots is impedance-matched so as to be suitable for transmitting and receiving radio waves in the relatively high frequency band of the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) band and the 600 MHz to 6 GHz frequency band (sub6) used in the fifth-generation communication (5G) standard.

[0045] The antenna 20 may be impedance-matched to efficiently transmit and receive radio waves of Wi-Fi, a wireless local area network (LAN). The antenna 20 may be impedance-matched to transmit and receive radio waves in frequency bands defined by the IEEE 802.11a, b, g, n, ac, ah, and ax communication standards (863 MHz to 868 MHz (Europe), 902 MHz to 928 MHz (US), 2400 MHz to 2497 MHz (global), 5150 MHz to 5350 MHz (global), 5470 MHz to 5850 MHz (global), etc.).

[0046] Antenna 20 may be impedance-matched to transmit and receive radio waves in the frequency range of 2400 MHz to 2483.5 MHz used by Bluetooth (registered trademark). Antenna 20 may also be impedance-matched to transmit and receive radio waves in the frequency band (755.5 MHz to 764.5 MHz (Japan) specified by ARIB STD-T109, 5850 MHz to 5925 MHz specified by IEEE 802.11p, etc.) used in vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) or vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications of intelligent transport systems (ITS). Antenna 20 may be impedance matched to transmit and receive radio waves in the frequency bands (2300 MHz to 2400 MHz, 2496 MHz to 2690 MHz, 3400 MHz to 3600 MHz, etc.) used by WiMAX (registered trademark), another wireless communication technology. Antenna 20 may also be impedance matched to transmit and receive radio waves in the low band (3245 MHz to 4742 MHz) of a UWB (ultra-wideband) wireless communication system.

[0047] In this way, the antenna 20 may be a wideband planar antenna capable of transmitting or receiving radio waves in one or more frequency bands within the frequency range of 600 MHz or more and 6 GHz or less.

[0048] The J-shaped slot 34 has a curved contour. The curved contour of the J-shaped slot 34 allows the antenna 20 to transmit and receive signals over a wide frequency band.

[0049] The J-shaped slot 34 may have a portion where the slot width gradually increases, thereby broadening the frequency band that the antenna 20 can transmit and receive. As shown in Figure 1, the J-shaped slot 34 may have a portion where the slot width gradually increases from the third end 33a and then extends in the first direction D1 while maintaining approximately the same slot width.

[0050] The J-shaped slot 34 may have a contour that is half an ellipse having a major axis that is substantially parallel to the second direction D2. This allows the contour of the J-shaped slot 34 to have a smooth curve, thereby widening the frequency band that the antenna 20 can transmit and receive. In the antenna 20 illustrated in Fig. 1, the slot width gradually increases until the extension direction of the J-shaped slot 34 faces the first direction D1, and the slot width remains substantially constant in the portion that extends parallel to the first direction D1.

[0051] The outer edge 25d includes a curved portion 25da. By including the curved portion 25da, the outer edge 25d can easily perform impedance matching in the frequency band of 750 MHz to 1 GHz. In this embodiment, the curved portion 25da, which is the end of the outer edge 25d, has a contour that is 1 / 4 of an ellipse having a major axis that is approximately parallel to the second direction D2. However, the curved portion 25da may have another curved contour, such as a contour that is 1 / 4 or less of a circle or an ellipse.

[0052] The first conductor pattern 21 or the second conductor pattern 22 may include a grid-like pattern having a perforated portion (hole portion) (not shown) formed by hollowing out a part of the first conductor 25. The first conductor pattern 21 or the second conductor pattern 22 may include a mesh-like pattern that transmits light.

[0053] The first region 23 or the second region 24 has a solid pattern that is difficult for light to transmit through. In the example of Fig. 1, the first region 23 and the second region 24 of the first conductor 25 have a solid pattern, and the region other than the first region 23 and the second region 24 has a grid-like or mesh-like pattern.

[0054] Fig. 2 is a plan view showing an example of a power feed substrate. The substrate 40 shown in Fig. 2 is used to feed the antenna 20 (Fig. 1). The substrate 40 is a plate-shaped dielectric having a first substrate surface facing the positive Z-axis direction and a second substrate surface facing the negative Z-axis direction. The substrate 40 has a flat second conductor 45 in which a second slot 48 is formed. The second slot 48 is a long, narrow cutout formed in the second conductor 45.

[0055] The second conductor 45 includes a flat first conductor pad 41 extending on one side of the second slot 48 and a flat second conductor pad 42 extending on the other side of the second slot 48. The first conductor pad 41 and the second conductor pad 42 are separated by the second slot 48. The first conductor pad 41 and the second conductor pad 42 are electrode patterns that sandwich the second slot 48 in a plan view of the substrate 40. The area of ​​the first conductor pad 41 is larger than the area of ​​the second conductor pad 42.

[0056] The substrate 40 is a plate whose main component is a dielectric. The substrate 40 may be a glass epoxy substrate such as FR4 or CEM3, or may be made of a resin such as polyimide. The substrate 40 may be made of a fluororesin such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), or may be made of a resin such as LCP (liquid crystal polymer) or PPO (polyphenylene oxide).

[0057] The second conductors 45 may be formed by firing a paste containing a conductive metal (for example, a silver paste, etc.) The second conductors 45 may be formed of copper, etc.

[0058] The first conductor pad 41 is an electrode to which a signal line (not shown) is electrically connected. The second conductor pad 42 is an electrode to which a ground line (not shown) is electrically connected. For example, an inner conductor (signal line) at one end of a coaxial cable is electrically connected to the first conductor pad 41, and an outer conductor (ground line) at one end of the coaxial cable is electrically connected to the second conductor pad 42. For example, a device having a transmitting function, a receiving function, or both is connected to the other end of the coaxial cable.

[0059] Fig. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a power supply structure including a substrate for feeding power to a planar antenna. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing a power supply structure 201 in which an antenna 20 and a substrate 40 are stacked, with the antenna 20 or the substrate 40 being viewed from above. The power supply structure 201 includes the substrate 40 that supplies power to the antenna 20 in a non-contact manner by electromagnetic field coupling. The substrate 40 overlaps the antenna 20 in plan view.

[0060] 3 , the first conductor pattern 21 includes a first region 23 that overlaps in a planar view with the first conductor pad 41 so as to be electromagnetically coupled. The first conductor pad 41 overlaps in a planar view with the first region 23 that is a part of the first conductor pattern 21 so as to be electromagnetically coupled. The second conductor pattern 22 includes a second region 24 that overlaps in a planar view with the second conductor pad 42 so as to be electromagnetically coupled. The second conductor pad 42 overlaps in a planar view with the second region 24 that is a part of the second conductor pattern 22 so as to be electromagnetically coupled.

[0061] Because the coupling between the first conductor pad 41 and the first region 23 is electromagnetic field coupling, the strength of the electromagnetic field coupling is hardly affected by the parasitic inductance component between the first conductor pad 41 and the first region 23. Similarly, because the coupling between the second conductor pad 42 and the second region 24 is electromagnetic field coupling, the strength of the electromagnetic field coupling is hardly affected by the parasitic inductance component between the second conductor pad 42 and the second region 24. Therefore, the upper limit frequency of radio waves that can be transmitted or received by the antenna 20 is not limited lower by these inductance components, and therefore expands upward.

[0062] Electromagnetic coupling refers to non-contact coupling using electromagnetic waves, and is a coupling that utilizes the resonance phenomenon of the electromagnetic field. Electromagnetic coupling, also known as electromagnetic resonance coupling or electromagnetic resonance coupling, is a technology in which resonators that resonate at the same frequency are placed close to each other, and when one resonator is resonated, energy is transmitted to the other resonator via coupling in the near field (non-radiative field region) created between the resonators. The capacitive coupling disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a method of "coupling using an electric field" generated between two parallel plates (capacitors). Capacitive coupling can be used at low frequencies (e.g., frequencies lower than digital television broadcasting (470-704 MHz) and UHF television broadcasting (450-750 MHz)) because it theoretically couples, but is difficult to use at wide bands and high frequencies (e.g., 600 MHz or higher and 6 GHz or lower) because it does not theoretically couple due to the influence of parasitic inductance. Electromagnetic coupling is a method of "coupling using a magnetic field" generated when two coils are placed close to each other. In the case of electromagnetic coupling, like capacitive coupling, coupling occurs as per theory at low frequencies (for example, frequencies lower than digital television broadcasting (470 to 704 MHz) and UHF television broadcasting (450 to 750 MHz)), so electromagnetic coupling can be used; however, in broadband and high frequencies (for example, 600 MHz or higher and 6 GHz or lower), coupling does not occur as per theory due to the influence of parasitic capacitance, making it difficult to use. Thus, in the case of capacitive coupling or electromagnetic coupling, coupling that enables the transmission or reception of radio waves in one or more frequency bands within the frequency range of 600 MHz or higher and 6 GHz or lower is not possible, but electromagnetic field coupling as disclosed herein enables coupling that enables the transmission or reception of radio waves in one or more frequency bands within the frequency range of 600 MHz or higher and 6 GHz or lower.

[0063] The first conductor pad 41 and the first conductor pattern 21 function as resonators that electromagnetically couple with each other. The second conductor pad 42 and the second conductor pattern 22 function as resonators that electromagnetically couple with each other. The first conductor pad 41 and the first region 23 are arranged spaced apart in the Z-axis direction by a distance that allows for electromagnetic field coupling. The second conductor pad 42 and the second region 24 are arranged spaced apart in the Z-axis direction by a distance that allows for electromagnetic field coupling with each other.

[0064] The first conductor pad 41 may be capacitively coupled to the first region 23 of the first conductor pattern 21 in a first frequency band, and may be electromagnetically coupled to the first region 23 of the first conductor pattern 21 in a second frequency band higher than the first frequency band. Similarly, the second conductor pad 42 may be capacitively coupled to the second region 24 of the second conductor pattern 22 in the first frequency band, and may be electromagnetically coupled to the second region 24 of the second conductor pattern 22 in the second frequency band higher than the first frequency band. For example, the first frequency band is equal to or higher than 600 MHz and lower than 1 GHz, and the second frequency band is equal to or higher than 1 GHz and lower than 6 GHz.

[0065] The second slot 48 is aligned with the first slot 30 in a plan view. This configuration increases the current flowing through the portion of the second conductor 45 that is aligned with the second slot 48, and also increases the current flowing through the portion of the first conductor 25 that is aligned with the slot 31 of the first slot 30. This strengthens the electromagnetic field coupling between the first conductor pad 41 and the first region 23, and between the second conductor pad 42 and the second region 24. This further increases the upper frequency limit of radio waves that the antenna 20 can transmit or receive. In order to increase the upper frequency limit, it is preferable that the second slot 48 be aligned with the slot 31 in a plan view.

[0066] The second slot 48 overlaps the first slot 30 in a planar view. This configuration further increases the current flowing through the portion of the second conductor 45 that is aligned with the second slot 48, and further increases the current flowing through the portion of the first conductor 25 that is aligned with the slot 31 of the first slot 30. This further strengthens the electromagnetic field coupling between the first conductor pad 41 and the first region 23, and between the second conductor pad 42 and the second region 24. Therefore, the upper limit frequency of radio waves that can be transmitted or received by the antenna 20 is further increased. In order to increase the upper limit frequency, it is preferable that the second slot 48 overlaps with the slot 31 in a planar view. Note that the overlap of the second slot 48 with the first slot 30 in a planar view does not necessarily mean a complete overlap. In a planar view, the second slot 48 and the first slot 30 may be misaligned by ±2.0 mm or less, but preferably by ±1.0 mm or less. Similarly, in plan view, the second slot 48 and the slot 31 may be misaligned within ±2.0 mm, but preferably within ±1.0 mm.

[0067] The first slot 30 exists between the first edge of the first conductor pattern 21 and the second edge of the second conductor pattern 22. The second slot 48 exists between the third edge of the first conductor pad 41 and the fourth edge of the second conductor pad 42. The third edge is along the first edge, and the fourth edge is along the second edge. This configuration further increases the current flowing along the first edge, second edge, third edge, and fourth edge. This further strengthens the electromagnetic field coupling between the first conductor pad 41 and the first region 23, and between the second conductor pad 42 and the second region 24. This further increases the upper frequency limit of radio waves that can be transmitted or received by the antenna 20.

[0068] The first slot 30 includes a slot 31 located between the first edge 21a of the first region 23 of the first conductor pattern 21 and the second edge 22a of the second region 24 of the second conductor pattern 22. The second slot 48 is located between the third edge 41d of the first conductor pad 41 and the fourth edge 42d of the second conductor pad 42. The third edge 41d is along the first edge 21a, and the fourth edge 42d is along the second edge 22a. This configuration further increases the current flowing along the first edge 21a, the second edge 22a, the third edge 41d, and the fourth edge 42d. This further strengthens the electromagnetic field coupling between the first conductor pad 41 and the first region 23, and between the second conductor pad 42 and the second region 24. This further increases the upper frequency limit of radio waves that can be transmitted or received by the antenna 20.

[0069] The first edge 21a and the second edge 22a are sides that contact the first slot 30 and face each other. The third edge 41d and the fourth edge 42d are sides that contact the second slot 48 and face each other.

[0070] The first conductor pad 41 has an outer portion that follows the edge of the first conductor pattern 21 at a location different from the first slot 30. This configuration increases the current flowing through the edge and the outer portion. This further strengthens the electromagnetic field coupling between the first conductor pad 41 and the first region 23. Therefore, the upper frequency limit of radio waves that the antenna 20 can transmit or receive is further increased. To increase the upper frequency limit, the first conductor pad 41 preferably has an outer portion 46 that follows the edge 26 of the first conductor pattern 21 at a location different from the first slot 30. The edge 26 is the portion that contacts the slot 32. The outer portion 46 is parallel to the edge 26 in a plan view. The outer portion 46 may have a shape that is approximately aligned with the edge 26 of the first conductor pattern 21. However, the outer portion 46 may be offset from the edge 26 of the first conductor pattern 21 as long as the current flowing through the edge 26 and the outer portion 46 increases. The deviation between the outer portion 46 and the edge 26 of the first conductor pattern 21 may be within ±2.0 mm, but it is preferable that the deviation is within ±1.0 mm.

[0071] The second conductor pad 42 has an outer portion that follows the edge of the second conductor pattern 22 at a location different from the first slot 30. This configuration increases the current flowing through the edge and the outer portion. This further strengthens the electromagnetic field coupling between the second conductor pad 42 and the second region 24. Consequently, the upper frequency limit of radio waves that the antenna 20 can transmit or receive is further increased. To increase the upper frequency limit, the second conductor pad 42 preferably has an outer portion 47 that follows the edge 27 of the second conductor pattern 22 at a location different from the first slot 30. The edge 27 is a portion that contacts the slot 32 and faces the edge 26. The outer portion 47 is parallel to the edge 27 in a plan view and faces the outer portion 46. The outer portion along the edge of the second conductor pattern 22 may have a shape that substantially follows the edge of the second conductor pattern 22, and as long as an increase in current flows through the edge of the second conductor pad 42 and the outer portion along the edge of the second conductor pattern 22, the outer portion along the edge of the second conductor pattern 22 may be deviated from the edge of the second conductor pattern 22. The outer portion along the edge of the second conductor pattern 22 and the edge of the second conductor pad 42 may be deviated by ±2.0 mm or less, but preferably by ±1.0 mm or less.

[0072] The slot width of the slot 31 in the X-axis direction is defined as W1, and the slot width of the second slot 48 in the X-axis direction is defined as W2. When W1 is within the range of 0.6×W2 or more and 1.4×W2 or less, the current flowing along the slot 31 and the second slot 48 is increased compared to when W1 is outside this range. This further strengthens the electromagnetic field coupling between the first conductor pad 41 and the first region 23, and between the second conductor pad 42 and the second region 24. Therefore, the upper limit frequency of radio waves that the antenna 20 can transmit or receive is further increased. Note that W1 is preferably 0.6×W2 or more and 1.4×W2 or less, and more preferably 0.8×W2 or more and 1.2×W2 or less.

[0073] Assume that the area of ​​the first conductor pad 41 is A1 and the area of ​​the second conductor pad 42 is A2. When A1 is within the range of 2×A2 or more and 4×A2 or less, the current flowing along the slot 31 and the second slot 48 increases compared to when A1 is outside this range. Therefore, the electromagnetic field coupling between the first conductor pad 41 and the first region 23 and the electromagnetic field coupling between the second conductor pad 42 and the second region 24 become stronger. Therefore, the upper limit frequency of radio waves that the antenna 20 can transmit or receive increases. Note that A1 is preferably 2×A2 or more and 4×A2 or less, and more preferably 2×A2 or more and 3×A2 or less. A1 may be narrower than 2×A2 or wider than 3×A2. A1 and A2 may be the same.

[0074] Next, several examples of stacks including the power supply structure 201 illustrated in FIG. 3 will be described.

[0075] Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to the first embodiment. The laminate 101 shown in Fig. 4 includes the power feeding structure 201 shown in Fig. 3. In Fig. 4, the laminate 101 includes a dielectric plate 10 which is an example of a first dielectric plate, a planar antenna 20 provided on the dielectric plate 10, and a substrate 40 for feeding the antenna 20. The antenna 20 transmits or receives radio waves A.

[0076] The dielectric plate 10 is, for example, a dielectric plate for a window, but may be used for purposes other than windows.

[0077] The dielectric plate 10 is, for example, a window glass for a vehicle. Examples of the window glass for a vehicle include a roof glass attached to the ceiling of the vehicle, a windshield attached to the front of the vehicle, a rear glass attached to the rear of the vehicle, and a side glass attached to the side of the vehicle. The window glass for a vehicle is not limited to these, and may be, for example, a window glass in which the roof glass is integrated with one or both of the windshield and the rear glass.

[0078] The dielectric plate 10 may be a plate other than a glass plate (for example, a resin plate).

[0079] The dielectric plate 10 is a plate-shaped dielectric having a main surface 11 facing in the positive Z-axis direction and a main surface 12 facing in the opposite direction (negative Z-axis direction) to the main surface 11. While the main surfaces 11 and 12 are illustrated parallel to the XY plane, the main surfaces 11 and 12 may be curved relative to the XY plane. When the main surfaces 11 and 12 are curved relative to the XY plane, i.e., when the dielectric plate 10 has a curved shape, the dielectric plate 10 may have a single curved shape curved in only one of the left-right or up-down directions, or a compound curved shape curved in both the left-right and up-down directions. When the dielectric plate 10 has a curved shape, the radius of curvature may be 2000 to 11000 mm. When the dielectric plate 10 is a glass plate, gravity forming, press forming, roller forming, or the like is used to bend the dielectric plate 10. The main surface 11 is an example of the first surface of a first dielectric plate. The main surface 12 is an example of a second surface opposite to the first surface.

[0080] When the dielectric plate 10 is a window glass for a vehicle, for example, the main surface 11 is the surface of the window glass facing the outside of the vehicle, and the main surface 12 is the surface of the window glass facing the inside of the vehicle.

[0081] The dielectric plate 10 is, for example, a single-pane window glass, which is a window glass made up of only one glass plate.

[0082] The thickness of the glass plate (dielectric plate 10 in the example of FIG. 4 ) in the single plate in the Z-axis direction is not particularly limited, but can generally be selected appropriately in the range of 0.5 mm to 10 mm. The thickness of the dielectric plate 10 is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 0.7 mm or more, even more preferably 1.1 mm or more, and particularly preferably 1.6 mm or more. To prevent the mass from becoming too large, the thickness of the dielectric plate 10 is preferably 7 mm or less, more preferably 5 mm or less, and even more preferably 4 mm or less.

[0083] When the dielectric plate 10 is a laminated glass as described below, the thickness of the dielectric plate 10 in the Z-axis direction is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from the range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm. The thickness of the dielectric plate 10 is preferably 0.3 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, even more preferably 0.7 mm or more, particularly preferably 1.1 mm or more, and most preferably 1.6 mm or more. To prevent the mass of the laminated glass from becoming too large, the thickness of the dielectric plate 10 is preferably 3.0 mm or less, more preferably 2.6 mm or less, and even more preferably 2.1 mm or less. The thicknesses of the multiple glass plates constituting the dielectric plate 10 may be the same or different.

[0084] The antenna 20 is provided on the main surface 11 of the dielectric plate 10. The antenna 20 may be provided directly on the main surface 11 so as to be in contact with the main surface 11, or may be provided indirectly on the main surface 11 so as to have a predetermined intermediary member interposed between the antenna 20 and the main surface 11. Fig. 4 illustrates an adhesive layer 53 as an example of the intermediary member. The antenna 20 is fixed to the main surface 11 by the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 53.

[0085] The antenna 20 includes a dielectric layer 28, a first conductor 25, and a resist 29 in a layered configuration. The dielectric layer 28 is adhered to the main surface 11 with an adhesive layer 53, thereby fixing the antenna 20 to the dielectric plate 10. The first conductor 25 is formed on the dielectric layer 28. The first conductor 25 has a first conductor pattern 21 and a second conductor pattern 22 so as to form a first slot 30. The resist 29 is a protective film that covers the first conductor 25. Note that the positions of the dielectric layer 28 and the first conductor 25 in the Z-axis direction may be interchanged (this also applies to each embodiment described below).

[0086] The substrate 40 is a substrate for feeding power to the antenna 20 arranged on the main surface 11 side of the dielectric plate 10. The substrate 40 is arranged on the main surface 12 side of the dielectric plate 10. The substrate 40 is fixed to the main surface 12 by the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 54.

[0087] The first conductor pads 41 are provided on both sides of the substrate 40. The first conductor pads 41 have an electrode 41a provided on the first substrate surface 40a of the substrate 40 and an electrode 41b provided on the second substrate surface 40b of the substrate 40. The electrodes 41a and 41b are electrically connected to each other by a plurality of through holes 41c ( FIG. 2 ) formed in the substrate 40.

[0088] The second conductor pads 42 are provided on both sides of the substrate 40. The second conductor pads 42 have an electrode 42a provided on the first substrate surface 40a of the substrate 40 and an electrode 42b provided on the second substrate surface 40b of the substrate 40. The electrodes 42a and 42b are electrically connected to each other by a plurality of through holes 42c (FIG. 2) formed in the substrate 40.

[0089] The coaxial cable 60 electrically connects a communication device (not shown) to the first conductor pad 41 and the second conductor pad 42. One end of the coaxial cable 60 is electrically connected to the first conductor pad 41 and the second conductor pad 42 by a connector (not shown). The connector (not shown) is electrically connected to the electrode 41 a of the first conductor pad 41 and the electrode 42 a of the second conductor pad 42 by an adhesive member such as solder. The coaxial cable 60 has a signal line 61 electrically connected to the electrode 41 a of the first conductor pad 41 and a ground line 62 electrically connected to the electrode 42 a of the second conductor pad 42.

[0090] The electrode 41b of the first conductor pad 41 is connected to the first region 23 of the first conductor pattern 21 by electromagnetic field coupling. The electrode 42b of the second conductor pad 42 is connected to the second region 24 of the second conductor pattern 22 of the antenna 20 by electromagnetic field coupling. As a result, the substrate 40 supplies power to the antenna 20 contactlessly by electromagnetic field coupling. Contactless power supply through electromagnetic field coupling increases the upper limit frequency of radio waves A that the antenna 20 can transmit or receive. Because the second slot 48 overlaps with the first slot 30 in a plan view, the upper limit frequency of radio waves A is increased, and the antenna 20 has a wider bandwidth.

[0091] The first conductor pad 41 and the second conductor pad 42 may be provided on only one surface of the substrate 40. For example, as shown in Fig. 10, when the first conductor pad 41 and the second conductor pad 42 are both provided on only the first substrate surface 40a of the substrate 40, the signal line 61 of the coaxial cable 60 and the first conductor pad 41 may be electrically connected by direct connection, or may be electrically connected via a connector or the like. The ground line 62 of the coaxial cable 60 and the second conductor pad 42 may be electrically connected by direct connection, or may be electrically connected via a connector or the like.

[0092] One of the first conductor pad 41 and the second conductor pad 42 may be provided on the first substrate surface 40a of the substrate 40, and the other may be provided on the second substrate surface 40b of the substrate 40. For example, Fig. 11 illustrates a case where the first conductor pad 41 is provided on the first substrate surface 40a, and the second conductor pad 42 is provided on the second substrate surface 40b. Fig. 12 illustrates a case where the second conductor pad 42 is provided on the first substrate surface 40a, and the first conductor pad 41 is provided on the second substrate surface 40b. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 13, both the first conductor pad 41 and the second conductor pad 42 may be provided only on the second substrate surface 40b.

[0093] 12 or 13 , when the first conductor pads 41 are provided on the second substrate surface 40b, a first conductive pattern 41e is formed on the first substrate surface 40a. The first conductor pads 41 and the first conductive pattern 41e are electrically connected to each other by a plurality of through holes 41c ( FIG. 2 ) formed in the substrate 40. The first conductive pattern 41e is electrically connected to the signal line 61 of the coaxial cable 60. The first conductive pattern 41e may have the same shape as or a different shape from the first conductor pad 41 in a planar view. The first conductive pattern 41e does not overlap the first slot 30 and the second slot 48 in a planar view.

[0094] 11 or 13 , when the second conductor pads 42 are provided on the second substrate surface 40b, a second conductive pattern 42e is formed on the first substrate surface 40a. The second conductor pads 42 and the second conductive pattern 42e are electrically connected to each other by a plurality of through holes 42c ( FIG. 2 ) formed in the substrate 40. The second conductive pattern 42e is electrically connected to the ground line 62 of the coaxial cable 60. The second conductive pattern 42e may have the same shape as or a different shape from the second conductor pads 42 in a plan view. The second conductive pattern 42e does not overlap with the first slot 30 and the second slot 48 in a plan view.

[0095] The configurations illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 13 may be applied to each of the embodiments described below.

[0096] The substrate 40 may have a plurality of holes. For example, when constructing a power feed structure 201 in which the antenna 20 and the substrate 40 are stacked as shown in FIG. 3 , the antenna 20 may be provided with a plurality of marks formed at positions corresponding in plan view to the plurality of holes formed in the substrate 40. When the antenna 20 has a plurality of marks formed at positions corresponding in plan view to the plurality of holes formed in the substrate 40, these marks can be used as markers for positioning when attaching the substrate 40 to the dielectric plate 10. When constructing the power feed structure 201 in which the antenna 20 and the substrate 40 are stacked, positioning is performed while viewing the plurality of holes formed in the substrate 40 and the plurality of marks formed at corresponding positions on the antenna 20. This reduces misalignment between the first slot 30 of the antenna 20 and the second slot 48 of the substrate 40, making it easier to align or overlap the second slot 48 with the first slot 30 in plan view.

[0097] For example, when a plurality of positioning holes 49a, 49b (FIGS. 2 and 3) are formed in the substrate 40, a plurality of marks 20a, 20b (FIG. 1) are provided on the antenna 20 at locations corresponding to the plurality of holes 49a, 49b in a plan view. The positioning marks 20a, 20b are, for example, holes that penetrate the antenna 20. The marks 20a, 20b are not limited to holes, and may be planar marks (for example, codes, symbols, designs, etc.) attached to the antenna 20.

[0098] 2 and 3, the plurality of holes 49a, 49b formed in the substrate 40 are provided in two locations near the first conductor pad 41, but this is not limited to these locations. The number of holes formed in the substrate 40 is not limited to two and may be three or more. The positions and number of marks provided on the antenna 20 correspond to the positions and number of the plurality of holes formed in the substrate 40.

[0099] Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to the second embodiment. The laminate 102 shown in Fig. 5 includes the power supply structure 201 shown in Fig. 3. In the second embodiment, the same configurations, functions, and effects as those of the above-described embodiments will not be described again by citing the above descriptions. The laminate 102 includes a pair of dielectric plates 10, 70 and an intermediate film 50.

[0100] The pair of dielectric plates 10, 70 are plate-like members whose main component is a dielectric. One or both of the pair of dielectric plates 10, 70 may be glass plates. For example, when the dielectric plate 10 is a glass plate, the dielectric plate 70 may be a dielectric plate other than the glass plate, and when the dielectric plate 70 is a glass plate, the dielectric plate 10 may be a dielectric plate other than the glass plate. When both of the pair of dielectric plates 10, 70 are glass plates, the structure is also called laminated glass. Furthermore, when both of the pair of dielectric plates 10, 70 are glass plates, they may be glass plates of the same composition or glass plates of different compositions.

[0101] If the dielectric plate 10 is an example of a first dielectric plate, the dielectric plate 70 is an example of a second dielectric plate facing the first dielectric plate. The dielectric plate 70 is arranged on the main surface 11 side of the dielectric plate 10. As an example, if the pair of dielectric plates 10, 70 are laminated glass attached to a vehicle, the dielectric plate 70 is an exterior glass arranged on the exterior side of the vehicle, and the dielectric plate 10 is an interior glass arranged on the interior side of the vehicle.

[0102] The intermediate film 50 is a transparent or semi-transparent dielectric material disposed between the dielectric plate 10 and the dielectric plate 70. The dielectric plate 10 and the dielectric plate 70 are joined by the intermediate film 50. Examples of the intermediate film 50 include thermoplastic polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and cycloolefin polymer (COP). The relative dielectric constant of the intermediate film 50 is preferably 2.4 or more and 3.5 or less.

[0103] The antenna 20 is disposed between the main surface 11 of the dielectric plate 10 and the intermediate film 50. The antenna 20 is fixed to the main surface 11 of the dielectric plate 10 in a state where it is sandwiched between the dielectric plate 10 and the intermediate film 50.

[0104] Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to the third embodiment. The laminate 103 shown in Fig. 6 includes the power supply structure 201 shown in Fig. 3. In the third embodiment, the same configurations, functions, and effects as those of the above embodiments will not be described further by citing the above descriptions. The laminate 103 includes a pair of dielectric plates 10, 70 and an intermediate film 50.

[0105] The antenna 20 is disposed between the inner surface of the dielectric plate 70 and the intermediate film 50. The antenna 20 is fixed to the inner surface of the dielectric plate 70 while being sandwiched between the dielectric plate 70 and the intermediate film 50.

[0106] Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to a fourth embodiment. The laminate 104 shown in Fig. 7 includes the power supply structure 201 shown in Fig. 3. In the fourth embodiment, the description of the same configuration, action, and effect as those of the above-described embodiments will be omitted by citing the above description. The laminate 104 includes a first intermediate film 51 and a second intermediate film 52.

[0107] The above description of the intermediate film 50 is used to describe the first intermediate film 51 and the second intermediate film 52. The first intermediate film 51 and the second intermediate film 52 are disposed between the dielectric plate 10 and the dielectric plate 70. The antenna 20 is disposed between the first intermediate film 51 and the second intermediate film 52.

[0108] Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to a fifth embodiment. The laminate 105 shown in Fig. 8 includes the power supply structure 201 exemplified in Fig. 3. In the fifth embodiment, the description of the same configuration, action, and effect as those of the above-mentioned embodiments will be omitted by citing the above description.

[0109] The antenna 20 is provided on the main surface 12 of the dielectric plate 10. The antenna 20 may be provided directly on the main surface 12 so as to be in contact with the main surface 12, or may be provided indirectly on the main surface 12 so as to have a predetermined intermediary member interposed between the antenna 20 and the main surface 12. Fig. 8 illustrates an adhesive layer 53 as an example of the intermediary member. The antenna 20 is fixed to the main surface 12 by the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 53.

[0110] The antenna 20 includes a dielectric layer 28, a first conductor 25, and a resist 29 in layers. The dielectric layer 28 is adhered to the main surface 12 by an adhesive layer 53, and thus the antenna 20 is fixed to the dielectric plate 10.

[0111] The substrate 40 is a substrate for feeding power to the antenna 20 arranged on the main surface 12 side of the dielectric plate 10. The substrate 40 is arranged on the main surface 12 side of the dielectric plate 10 (the side of the antenna 20 opposite the dielectric plate 10). The substrate 40 is fixed to the resist 29 of the antenna 20 by the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 54. The resist 29 is arranged between the first conductor 25 and the substrate 40.

[0112] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to the sixth embodiment. The laminate 106 shown in Fig. 9 includes the power supply structure 201 shown in Fig. 3. In the sixth embodiment, the description of the configuration, operation, and effects similar to those of the above-described embodiments will be omitted by incorporating the above description. The laminate 106 differs from the laminate 105 in that it further includes a dielectric plate 70 and an intermediate film 50.

[0113] Although the embodiments have been described above, they are presented as examples and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various combinations, omissions, substitutions, modifications, etc. can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, and are also included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents as set forth in the claims.

[0114] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2024-071106, filed April 25, 2024, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.

[0115] 10 Dielectric plate 11, 12 Main surface 20 Antenna 20a, 20b Mark 21 First conductor pattern 21a First edge 22 Second conductor pattern 22a Second edge 23 First region 24 Second region 25 First conductor 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d Outer edge 26, 27 Edge 28 Dielectric layer 29 Resist 30 First slot 31, 32, 33 Slot 31a First end 31b Second end 33a Third end 32a, 34a Open end 34 J-shaped slot 40 Substrate 40a First substrate surface 40b Second substrate surface 41 First conductor pad 41a, 41b, 42a, 42b Electrode 41c, 42c Through hole 41d Third edge 41e First conductive pattern 42 Second conductor pad 42d Fourth edge 42e Second conductive pattern 45 Second conductor 46, 47 Outer portion 48 Second slot 49a, 49b Hole 50, 51, 52 Intermediate film 53, 54 Adhesive layer 60 Coaxial cable 61 Signal line 62 Ground line 70 Dielectric plate 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106 Laminate 201 Power supply structure

Claims

1. A laminate comprising: a first dielectric plate; a planar antenna provided on the first dielectric plate; and a substrate for feeding power to the antenna, wherein the antenna has a flat first conductor having a first slot formed therein, the first conductor including a first conductor pattern and a second conductor pattern that sandwich the first slot in a planar view; the substrate has a flat second conductor having a second slot formed therein, the second conductor including a first conductor pad and a second conductor pad that sandwich the second slot in a planar view; the first conductor pad overlaps in the planar view with a first region that is a part of the first conductor pattern so as to be electromagnetically coupled; and the second conductor pad overlaps in the planar view with a second region that is a part of the second conductor pattern so as to be electromagnetically coupled.

2. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the second slot is aligned with the first slot in the plan view.

3. The laminate according to claim 2, wherein the second slot overlaps with the first slot in the plan view.

4. A laminate as described in claim 3, wherein the first slot is present between a first edge of the first conductor pattern and a second edge of the second conductor pattern, the second slot is present between a third edge of the first conductor pad and a fourth edge of the second conductor pad, the third edge is along the first edge, and the fourth edge is along the second edge.

5. A laminate as described in claim 1, wherein the first slot includes a first partial slot extending in a first direction from a first end to a second end between the first region and the second region, a second partial slot extending from the first end in a second direction different from the first direction, and a third partial slot extending from the second end in a third direction different from the first direction and the second direction, and the second slot is aligned with the first partial slot in the planar view.

6. A laminate according to claim 1, wherein the first conductor pad has an outer portion that follows the edge of the first conductor pattern at a location different from the first slot, or the second conductor pad has an outer portion that follows the edge of the second conductor pattern at a location different from the first slot.

7. A laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first dielectric plate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the antenna is disposed on the first surface side of the first dielectric plate, and the substrate is disposed on the second surface side of the first dielectric plate.

8. The laminate according to claim 7, further comprising: a second dielectric plate arranged on the first surface side of the first dielectric plate; and an intermediate film arranged between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, wherein the antenna is arranged between the first surface and the intermediate film.

9. The laminate according to claim 7, further comprising: a second dielectric plate arranged on the first surface side of the first dielectric plate; and an intermediate film arranged between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, wherein the antenna is arranged between the intermediate film and the second dielectric plate.

10. The laminate described in claim 7, further comprising: a second dielectric plate arranged on the first surface side of the first dielectric plate; and a first intermediate film and a second intermediate film arranged between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, wherein the antenna is arranged between the first intermediate film and the second intermediate film.

11. A laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first dielectric plate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the antenna is disposed on the second surface side of the first dielectric plate, and the substrate is disposed on the side of the antenna opposite to the first dielectric plate.

12. The laminate according to claim 11, further comprising: a second dielectric plate disposed on the first surface side of the first dielectric plate; and an intermediate film disposed between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate.

13. The stack of claim 11, further comprising a resist disposed between said first conductor and said substrate.

14. A laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first dielectric plate is a dielectric plate for a window.

15. A laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the antenna is capable of transmitting or receiving radio waves in one or more frequency bands within the frequency range of 600 MHz or more and 6 GHz or less.

16. A power supply structure comprising a substrate for feeding a planar antenna, wherein the antenna has a flat first conductor having a first slot formed therein, the first conductor including a first conductor pattern and a second conductor pattern sandwiching the first slot in a planar view, the substrate has a flat second conductor having a second slot formed therein, the second conductor including a first conductor pad and a second conductor pad sandwiching the second slot in a planar view, the first conductor pad overlapping a first region that is a part of the first conductor pattern in the planar view so as to be electromagnetically coupled, and the second conductor pad overlapping a second region that is a part of the second conductor pattern in the planar view so as to be electromagnetically coupled.

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