Morphing shield for stacking apparatus

Abstract

A morphing shield for a stacking apparatus, disclosed in the present specification, comprises: a gas injection unit capable of injecting shield gas toward a stacking area to which a stacking material is supplied; and a control unit for controlling an operation of the gas injection unit. A plurality of gas injection units are provided. The control unit individually controls operations of the plurality of gas injection units such that a first shielding area surrounding at least a portion of the stacking area is formed. The shape of the first shielding area is changed according to the shape of any one stacking target selected from among the shape of the stacking area, the stacked shape of the stacking material, the shape of a stacking object to be stacked, and a combination thereof. The technology disclosed in the present specification can change, according to the shape of the stacking object, the shape of the first shielding area surrounding at least a portion of the stacking area through individual control of the operations of the plurality of gas injection units capable of injecting shield gas. The technology disclosed in the present specification can prevent oxidation of the stacking material, due to oxygen inflow, during stacking of the stacking material in the stacking area.

Description

Morphing shield for stacking devices

[0001] The technology disclosed herein generally relates to a morphing shield for a laminating device, and more particularly to a morphing shield for a laminating device utilized to laminate three-dimensional structures using melting energy (e.g., laser).

[0002] 3D printers are being used in a variety of fields, from everyday life to industry. In particular, metal 3D printing technology has recently been widely utilized for layering metal materials.

[0003] The most commonly used metal 3D printing technologies are Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) and Directed Energy Deposition (DED). PBF technologies include Selective Laser Melting (SLM), Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), and Electron Beam Melting (EBM). These methods melt metal powder with a high-power energy source such as a laser and then layer it on top of the powder. DED technologies include Directed Energy Deposition (DED), Laser Metal Deposition (LMD), and Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM). These methods melt metal powder or wire with a high-power energy source such as a laser and then layer it on top of the powder.

[0004] While the DED method has drawbacks such as lower precision and resolution compared to PBF, it offers advantages such as faster deposition rates and lower initial costs. These advantages make it widely used for the production of large parts or structures, as well as for large-scale component repair.

[0005] Metal 3D printing technology is widely used because it can produce 3D structures of various shapes, but there is a problem that oxidation of metal materials due to oxygen entering from outside during the metal material layering process deteriorates the properties of the 3D structure being produced.

[0006] A prior art related to a technology for preventing oxidation of metal materials due to oxygen flowing in from the outside includes Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2024-0067393, “High-manganese steel powder for 3D printing and 3D printing method using laser direct deposition for repairing wear-resistant ferrous parts using the same.” The prior art discloses a technology for injecting a shielding gas (e.g., Ar gas) in the direction of the molten metal to prevent oxidation of the molten metal due to laser melting during the laser direct deposition process. However, the prior art only discloses a technology for simply injecting the shielding gas in the direction of the molten metal to prevent oxidation of the molten metal. The prior art has a problem in that the molten metal may be exposed to oxygen and oxidized due to changes in the flow of the shielding gas, such as eddies, caused by collisions between the shielding gas and the laminated object when the shielding gas is injected without considering the shape of the laminated object, etc.

[0007] The technology disclosed in this specification is derived to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, and provides a technology for a morphing shield for a lamination device that can prevent oxidation of a lamination material due to the inflow of oxygen during the process of laminating a lamination material in a lamination area by individually controlling the operation of a plurality of gas injection units so that the shape of a first shielding area surrounding at least a portion of a lamination area changes according to the shape of a lamination target.

[0008] In one embodiment, a technology relating to a morphing shield for a laminating device is disclosed. The morphing shield for the laminating device includes a gas injection unit capable of injecting a shield gas in the direction of a laminating area where a laminating material is supplied, and a control unit provided to control the operation of the gas injection unit. The gas injection units are provided in plurality. The control unit individually controls the operation of the plurality of gas injection units to form a first shielding area that surrounds at least a portion of the laminating area. The shape of the first shielding area is morphed according to a laminating target shape selected from a shape of the laminating area, a shape in which the laminating material is laminated, a shape of a laminating target that is a target of lamination, and a combination thereof.

[0009] The morphing shield for the above-described stacking device may further include an additional gas injection unit that is controlled by the control unit and injects additional shield gas in the direction of the stacking area to form a second shielding area that surrounds at least a portion of the first shielding area.

[0010] The control unit can control the flow shape of the shield gas that the plurality of gas injection units respectively inject in the direction of the layering area based on the layering target shape. The shape of the first shielding area can be changed through the control of the flow shape of the shield gas by the control unit.

[0011] The morphing shield for the above-described laminating device may further include a shape determination unit that determines the shape of the laminating target. The control unit may individually control the operations of the plurality of gas injection units based on the shape of the laminating target determined by the shape determination unit to change the flow shape of the shield gas each of the plurality of gas injection units injects in the direction of the laminating region. The control unit may divide the plurality of gas injection units into intersecting gas injection units and non-intersecting gas injection units based on the shape of the laminating target determined by the shape determination unit. The control unit may stop the operation of the intersecting gas injection units or control the flow rate or flow velocity of the shield gas injected by the intersecting gas injection units to have a different value from the flow rate or flow velocity of the shield gas injected by the non-intersecting gas injection units. The control unit may distinguish the intersecting gas injection units and the non-intersecting gas injection units based on whether the direction of the shield gas injected by each of the plurality of gas injection units intersects the shape on which the laminating material is laminated or the shape of the laminating target.

[0012] The above gas injection unit may include a gas injection angle control unit. The control unit may individually control the operation of the gas injection angle control unit of each of the plurality of gas injection units to control the injection direction of the shield gas injected toward the stacking region.

[0013] The morphing shield for the stacking device may further include at least one gas detection unit that detects a concentration of a gas of interest in the first shielding region. The control unit may individually control the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units so that the concentration of the gas of interest in the first shielding region satisfies a reference gas concentration. The morphing shield for the stacking device may further include an air intake unit that sucks in air in the first shielding region. The gas detection unit may detect the concentration of the gas of interest in the first shielding region through the air in the first shielding region sucked in through the air intake unit.

[0014] The morphing shield for the above-mentioned lamination device may further include a reaction gas injection unit that provides a reaction gas to the lamination material melted by the melting energy provided in the direction of the lamination region. The operation of the reaction gas injection unit may be controlled by the control unit. The lamination material may react with the reaction gas to change its physical properties.

[0015] The morphing shield for the above-mentioned stacking device may further include a flame providing unit that provides a flame in the stacking area or around the stacking area. The control unit may control the operation of the flame providing unit.

[0016] In another embodiment, a technology relating to a morphing shield for a lamination device is disclosed. The morphing shield for the lamination device includes a gas injection unit capable of injecting a shield gas in the direction of a lamination area where a lamination material is supplied, and a control unit provided to control the operation of the gas injection unit. The gas injection units are provided in plurality. The control unit individually controls the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units to form a first shielding area that surrounds at least a portion of the lamination area. The shape of the first shielding area is morphed according to a lamination target shape selected from a shape of the lamination area, a shape in which the lamination material is laminated, a shape of a lamination target that is a lamination target, and a combination thereof.

[0017] The morphing shield for the above-mentioned laminating device may further include an energy supply unit for supplying melting energy to the laminating material supplied to the laminating region, a shape determination unit for determining the shape of the laminating target, and a body unit having a shield gas outlet of each of the plurality of gas injection units and an outlet of the melting energy of the energy supply unit provided on one surface thereof. The control unit may individually control the operations of the plurality of gas injection units based on the shape of the laminating target determined by the shape determination unit to change the flow shape of the shield gas. The one surface of the body unit may face the laminating region. The shield gas outlets of each of the plurality of gas injection units may be provided to be spaced apart from each other along an imaginary closed line. The outlet of the melting energy may be provided within the imaginary closed line. The control unit may divide the plurality of gas injection units into intersecting gas injection units and non-intersecting gas injection units based on the shape of the laminating target determined by the shape determination unit. The control unit may stop the operation of the cross gas injection unit, or control the flow rate or flow velocity of the shield gas injected by the cross gas injection unit to have a different value from the flow rate or flow velocity of the shield gas injected by the non-cross gas injection unit. The control unit may distinguish the cross gas injection unit from the non-cross gas injection unit based on whether the shield gas outlet of each of the plurality of gas injection units faces the shape on which the laminated material is laminated or the shape of the laminated object.

[0018] The morphing shield for the above-described stacking device may further include an additional gas injection unit that is controlled by the control unit and injects additional shield gas in the direction of the stacking area to form a second shielding area that surrounds at least a portion of the first shielding area. The shield gas outlet of the additional gas injection unit may be provided on the one surface of the body portion in a ring shape that surrounds the shield gas outlet of each of the plurality of gas injection units.

[0019] The morphing shield for the above-mentioned stacking device may further include at least one gas detection unit for detecting a concentration of a gas of interest in the first shielding region and an air intake unit for sucking air in the first shielding region. The control unit may individually control the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units so that the concentration of the gas of interest in the first shielding region satisfies a reference gas concentration. An air intake port of the air intake unit may be provided on the one surface of the body portion. The gas detection unit may detect the concentration of the gas of interest in the first shielding region through the air in the first shielding region sucked in through the air intake unit.

[0020] The morphing shield for the above-mentioned layering device may further include a reaction gas injection unit that provides a reaction gas to the layering material melted by the melting energy. The operation of the reaction gas injection unit may be controlled by the control unit. The reaction gas injection port of the reaction gas injection unit may be provided on the one surface of the body. The layering material may react with the reaction gas to change its physical properties.

[0021] The morphing shield for the above-described stacking device may further include a stage and a path determination unit. The stacking region may be provided on the stage. The body may be provided to be able to move relative to the stage. The path determination unit may determine the path of the relative movement between the stage and the energy supply unit. The control unit may individually control the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units based on the stacking target shape determined by the shape determination unit and the path of the relative movement, thereby changing the flow shape of the shield gas.

[0022] The technology disclosed in this specification can change the shape of a first shielding region surrounding at least a portion of a lamination region according to a lamination target shape by individually controlling the operation of a plurality of gas injection units capable of injecting a shield gas. Through this, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide an effect of preventing oxidation of the lamination material due to the inflow of oxygen during the process of laminating the lamination material in the lamination region. The lamination target shape may be any one selected from the shape of the lamination region, the shape in which the lamination material is laminated, the shape of a lamination target that is a lamination target, and a combination thereof.

[0023] Additionally, the technology disclosed herein can form a second shielding region surrounding at least a portion of the first shielding region through an additional gas injection unit capable of injecting additional shielding gas. Through this, the technology disclosed herein can provide the effect of more effectively preventing oxidation of the laminated material due to oxygen inflow during the process of laminating the laminated material in the lamination region.

[0024] In addition, the technology disclosed in this specification can individually control the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units through a control unit based on information of the shape of the stacking target detected by a shape determination unit (e.g., CAM data, CAM slice data, image sensor, etc.) that determines the shape of the stacking target. By individually controlling the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units through the control unit, it is possible to reduce or prevent a change in the flow of the shield gas (e.g., eddy current) that occurs when the shield gas collides with the stacked layer material, the stacking target, etc. Through this, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide an effect of maintaining the properties, quality, etc. of a three-dimensional structure manufactured through stacking at a constant level by effectively reducing the amount of oxygen flowing into the stacking area.

[0025] In addition, the technology disclosed in this specification can individually control the operation of the gas injection angle control unit of each of the plurality of gas injection units through the control unit. By individually controlling the operation of the gas injection angle control unit of each of the plurality of gas injection units through the control unit, the injection direction, injection distance, etc. of the shield gas can be flexibly changed in response to changes in the shape of the stacking target. Through this, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide the effect of effectively reducing the amount of oxygen flowing into the stacking area.

[0026] In addition, the technology disclosed in this specification can detect the concentration of a gas of interest in the first shielding region through at least one gas detection unit. By individually controlling the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units through the control unit so that the concentration of the gas of interest in the first shielding region satisfies a reference gas concentration, oxidation of the layered material during the layering process can be prevented. Through this, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide the effect of maintaining the physical properties, quality, etc. of a three-dimensional structure manufactured through layering at a constant level.

[0027] In addition, the technology disclosed in this specification can inject a reaction gas (e.g., oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, etc.) into the layered material melted by the melting energy through the reaction gas injection unit. The technology disclosed in this specification can provide an effect of changing the physical properties of the layered material by allowing the layered material to react with the reaction gas by controlling the operation of the reaction gas injection unit through the control unit.

[0028] In addition, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide a flame to a laminated area or the surroundings of the laminated area through a flame providing unit. By controlling the operation of the flame providing unit through the control unit, the laminated area can be preheated or postheated, or the oxygen concentration around the laminated area can be reduced through an oxidation reaction between the flame and oxygen around the laminated area. Through this, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide the effect of maintaining the physical properties, quality, etc. of a three-dimensional structure manufactured through lamination at a constant level.

[0029] The plurality of gas injection units, additional gas injection units, gas injection angle control units, shape detection units, gas detection units, reaction gas injection units, and flame providing units disclosed in this specification that provide the above-described effects may operate independently or may operate in conjunction with each other.

[0030] The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects described above, and should be understood to include all effects that can be inferred from the detailed description of the present invention or the composition of the invention described in the claims.

[0031] The foregoing provides only a simplified, selective overview of the subject matter described in greater detail below. This disclosure is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, nor is it intended to define key or essential features of the claims.

[0032] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a morphing shield for a stacking device disclosed in the present specification according to one embodiment.

[0033] Figure 2 is a drawing corresponding to an enlarged view of the portion indicated by a dotted line in (a) of Figure 1. Figure 2 is a drawing for explaining, as an example, a first shielding area and a second shielding area formed through a plurality of gas injection units and an additional gas injection unit disclosed in the present specification.

[0034] FIG. 3 is a drawing showing, as an example, the first shielding area that surrounds at least a portion of the laminated area during the process of laminating the laminated material in the laminated area.

[0035] Figure 4 is a drawing showing the appearance of shield gas injected in the direction of the layered region by a plurality of the above gas injection units.

[0036] Figure 5 is a drawing for explaining, as an example, how the operation of each of a plurality of gas injection units is controlled by the control unit according to the shape of the stacking target.

[0037] Figure 6 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a gas injection angle control unit provided in a gas injection unit as an example.

[0038] Figure 7 is a drawing for explaining an example of a gas detection unit and its operation.

[0039] FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are drawings for explaining another example of the gas detection unit and its operation as an example.

[0040] Figure 10 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a reaction gas injection unit as an example.

[0041] Figure 11 is a drawing for explaining the operation of the flame providing unit as an example.

[0042] Figure 12 is a drawing showing modified examples in which the shape of the morphing shield for the stacking device, the shape of the gas injection part, etc. have been changed.

[0043] Hereinafter, embodiments disclosed in the present specification will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Unless otherwise specified herein, similar reference numerals in the drawings represent similar components. The exemplary embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not intended to be limiting, and other embodiments may be utilized and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the technology disclosed herein. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the components of the present disclosure, i.e., the components generally described herein and illustrated in the drawings, can be arranged, configured, combined, and designed in various different configurations, all of which are expressly contemplated and form a part of the present disclosure. In the drawings, the width, length, thickness, or shape of the components may be exaggerated to clearly represent various layers (or films), regions, and shapes.

[0044] When one component is referred to as being "provided" to another component, this may include cases where the one component is provided directly to the other component, as well as cases where additional components are interposed between them.

[0045] When one component is referred to as being "provided" to another component, this may include cases where the one component is provided directly to the other component, as well as cases where additional components are interposed between them.

[0046] The description of the disclosed technology is merely an example for structural and functional explanation. Therefore, the scope of the disclosed technology should not be construed as limited by the embodiments described herein. In other words, since the embodiments are capable of various modifications and may take various forms, the scope of the disclosed technology should be understood to include equivalents that can realize the technical concepts.

[0047] Singular expressions should be understood to include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and terms such as “comprises” or “has” should be understood to specify the presence of a feature, number, step, operation, component, part or combination thereof, but not to exclude in advance the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the disclosed technology pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted to be consistent with their meaning within the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning unless explicitly defined herein.

[0049] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a morphing shield (100) for a laminating device disclosed in the present specification according to one embodiment. FIG. 1 (a) is a drawing showing a case where a laminating material (b) is supplied through a body portion (10). FIG. 1 (b) is a drawing showing a case where a laminating material (b) is supplied from a side of the body portion (10).

[0050] FIG. 2 is a drawing corresponding to an enlarged view of a portion indicated by a dotted line in (a) of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a drawing for explaining, as an example, a first shielding region (c) and a second shielding region (d) formed through a plurality of gas injection units (110) and an additional gas injection unit (120) disclosed in the present specification. FIG. 2 (a) is a drawing showing a state in which melting energy (e) is provided to a lamination material (b) supplied to a lamination region (a) to laminate the lamination material (b) on a lamination target (g). FIG. 2 (b) is a drawing showing a state in which melting energy (e) is provided to a lamination material (b) supplied to a lamination region (a) to laminate the lamination material (b) on a lamination target (g) in a state in which a first shielding region (c) surrounding at least a portion of the lamination region (a) is formed. FIG. 2 (c) is a drawing showing a state in which a second shielding region (d) is formed that surrounds at least a portion of the first shielding region (c) illustrated in FIG. 2 (b) and a layering material (b) is laminated on a layering target (g) by providing melting energy (e) to the layering material (b) supplied to the layering region (a). FIG. 2 (c) illustrates an example in which a second shielding region (d) that surrounds the first shielding region (c) is formed by injecting additional shielding gas through an additional gas injection unit (120) of a ring type.

[0051] FIG. 3 is a drawing showing, as an example, a first shielding region (c) that surrounds at least a portion of a laminated region (a) during the process of laminating a laminated material (b) onto a laminated region (a).

[0052] Figure 4 is a drawing showing the appearance of shield gas injected in the direction of the stacking area (a) by multiple gas injection units (110).

[0053] Fig. 5 is a drawing for explaining, as an example, how the operation of each of a plurality of gas injection parts (110) is controlled by the control part according to the shape of the laminated target. Fig. 5 is a drawing expressing a plurality of gas injection parts (110) on a plane. The shape of the laminated target may be any one selected from the shape of the laminated area (a), the shape of the laminated material (b), the shape of the laminated target object (g) that is the object of lamination, and a combination thereof.

[0054] Fig. 6 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a gas injection angle adjustment unit (112) provided in a gas injection unit (110) as an example. The gas injection angle adjustment unit (112) may be provided in each of a plurality of gas injection units (110). Fig. 6 is a drawing showing a cross-section of a gas injection unit (110) drawn based on the AA' direction of Fig. 5 (a).

[0055] Figure 7 is a drawing for explaining an example of a gas detection unit (130) and its operation as an example.

[0056] FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are drawings for explaining another example of a gas detection unit (130') and its operation as an example.

[0057] Figure 10 is a drawing for explaining the operation of the reaction gas injection unit (140) as an example.

[0058] Figure 11 is a drawing for explaining the operation of the flame supply unit (150) as an example.

[0059] Figure 12 is a drawing showing modified examples in which the shape of the morphing shield (100) for the stacking device, the shape of the gas injection unit (110), etc. have been changed.

[0060] The following describes a morphing shield (100) for a stacking device disclosed in this specification with reference to the drawings.

[0061] Referring to the drawings, the morphing shield (100) for the stacking device includes a gas injection unit (110) and a control unit (not shown). In some other embodiments, the morphing shield (100) for the stacking device may optionally further include an additional gas injection unit (120), a shape determination unit (not shown), a gas detection unit (130, 130'), a reaction gas injection unit (140), a flame provision unit (150), an energy supply unit (not shown), a body unit (10), a stage (20), and a path determination unit (not shown).

[0062] The body portion (10) refers to the body portion of the morphing shield (100) for the stacking device disclosed in this specification. Although a cone-shaped body portion (10) is shown as an example in the drawing, there is no limitation on the shape of the body portion (10) as long as it can perform the function disclosed in this specification. A metal material may be used as the body portion (10), but there is no limitation on the material as long as it can perform the function disclosed in this specification.

[0063] The gas injection unit (110) can inject shield gas in the direction of the lamination area (a) where the lamination material (b) is supplied. The gas injection unit (110) is provided in multiple units. In the drawing, a wire-type lamination material is shown as an example as the lamination material (b). The above example is an example for understanding, and as long as the technology disclosed in the present specification can be applied, there is no limitation on the type, shape, etc. of the lamination material (b), such as a powder type. The lamination material (b) may be a metal material, but as long as the technology disclosed in the present specification can be applied, there is no limitation on the material of the lamination material (b). The lamination area (a) means the area where the lamination material (b) is laminated, and may mean a part where the lamination material (b) is laminated, such as a part (f) where the lamination material (b) is laminated, or a lamination target (g). An inert gas such as argon gas (Ar) may be used as the shield gas, but is not limited thereto. For convenience of explanation, the following description will utilize a wire-type metal material as the laminated material (b). It should be clearly stated that this description is not intended to limit the scope of the technology disclosed in this specification.

[0064] The gas injection unit (110) may include, for example, a shield gas supply cylinder (not shown) containing the shield gas, a solenoid valve (not shown) connected to the shield gas supply cylinder, and a shield gas delivery pipe (not shown) connected to the solenoid valve. One side of the solenoid valve may be connected to the shield gas supply cylinder, and the other side of the solenoid valve may be connected to one side of the shield gas delivery pipe. The shield gas supply cylinder, the solenoid valve, etc. may be controlled for operation by a control unit (not shown) described below. The shield gas provided by the shield gas supply cylinder may be provided in the direction of the stacking area (a) through the other side of the shield gas delivery pipe by adjusting the flow rate, flow velocity, etc. according to the control of the solenoid valve by the control unit. Examples of the gas injection unit (110) are shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 12. Referring to (a) and (b) of FIG. 12, a gas injection unit (110) may be provided with a shield gas outlet for each of a plurality of gas injection units (110) on one surface of the body portion (10) facing the stacking area (a). The shield gas outlet may be connected to the other end of the shield gas transfer pipe (10a) through a shield gas movement channel (not shown) provided in the body portion (10). The one end of the shield gas transfer pipe (10a) may be connected to the shield gas supply cylinder through the solenoid valve. The shield gas injected through the shield gas outlet may be individually controlled through the control of the control unit. The drawing illustrates, as an example, a case where the shield gas is injected in the direction of the stacking area (a) through the shield gas outlet provided on the one surface of the body portion (10). Alternatively, the shield gas may be directly injected toward the stacking region (a) through the other end of the shield gas transfer pipe (10a). In this case, the other end of the shield gas transfer pipe (10a) may serve as the shield gas outlet.The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the structure, shape, etc. of the gas injection unit (110) as long as it can perform the function disclosed in this specification. Meanwhile, although eight gas injection units (110) are shown as an example in the drawing as gas injection units (110), there is no limitation on the number of gas injection units (110) as long as it can perform the function disclosed in this specification. For the convenience of the following description, the case in which the shield gas is injected in the direction of the stacking region (a) through the shield gas outlet of each of the plurality of gas injection units (100) provided on the one surface of the body portion (10) will be mainly described. It is to be clearly stated that this description is not intended to limit the scope of the technology disclosed in this specification.

[0065] Meanwhile, the gas injection unit (110) may include a gas injection angle control unit (112). The control unit can individually control the operation of each of the gas injection angle control units (112) of the plurality of gas injection units (110) to control the injection direction of the shield gas injected toward the stacking area (a). More specifically, the gas injection angle control unit (112) can change the direction of the shield gas injected toward the stacking area (a) through the shield gas outlet of the gas injection unit (110) by controlling the operation thereof by the control unit. The gas injection angle control units (112) can be individually controlled by the control unit in response to the stacking target shape to adjust the injection angle of the shield gas injected by each of the plurality of gas injection units (110). Through this, the shape of the first shielding area (c) surrounding at least a portion of the stacking area (a) can be changed (morphed) in response to the stacking target shape. The first shielding region (c) can serve as a barrier that blocks the inflow of ambient air into the lamination region (a). The technology disclosed in this specification can provide the effect of allowing the output obtained through lamination to stably maintain the properties desired by the user by effectively isolating the lamination region (a) from the ambient air containing reactive gases such as oxygen through the gas injection angle control unit (112).

[0066] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a gas injection angle adjustment unit (112) including an inclined portion that is axially coupled to the inner surface of a gas injection unit (110) and is rotatable around an axis. FIG. 6 (a) illustrates an example of the gas injection angle adjustment unit (112) before it starts operating. FIG. 6 (b) illustrates an example of the inclined portion rotating around the axis to change the direction of gas flow. The inclined portion may include a plate, flip, or the like that is axially coupled to the inner surface of the gas injection unit (110) and is rotatable around the axis. The above examples are examples for understanding, and there are no limitations on the structure, shape, etc. of the gas injection angle adjustment unit (122) as long as it can perform the functions disclosed in the present specification. As shown as an example in the drawing, the gas injection angle adjustment unit (112) is provided inside the gas injection unit (110) according to the direction of movement of the shield gas, and can change the direction of movement, movement path, etc. of the shield gas.

[0067] The above control unit is provided to control the operation of the gas injection unit (110). The control unit individually controls the operation of a plurality of gas injection units (110) to form a first shielding area (b) that surrounds at least a portion of the lamination area (a). The shape of the first shielding area (b) is morphed according to a lamination target shape selected from the shape of the lamination area (a), the shape of the lamination material (b) laminated, the shape of the lamination target (g) that is the object of lamination, and a combination thereof. The control unit may be configured as a computer having, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) (not shown), a RAM (Random Access Memory) (not shown), a memory device (not shown), an I / O port (not shown), etc. The above examples are examples for understanding, and there is no limitation on the type of the control unit as long as it can perform the functions disclosed in the present specification.

[0068] The above control unit can control the flow shape of the shield gas that is sprayed by the plurality of gas injection units (110) in the direction of the stacking area (a) based on the stacking target shape. The shape of the first shielding area (c) can be changed through the control of the flow shape of the shield gas by the control unit.

[0069] An additional gas injection unit (120) is controlled by the control unit and can form a second shielding area (d) that surrounds at least a portion of the first shielding area (c) by injecting an additional shielding gas in the direction of the stacking area (a). As the additional shielding gas, an inert gas such as argon gas (Ar) can be used as an example, but is not limited thereto.

[0070] The additional gas injection unit (120) may include, for example, an additional shield gas supply cylinder (not shown) containing the additional shield gas, an additional solenoid valve (not shown) connected to the additional shield gas supply cylinder, and an additional shield gas delivery pipe (not shown) connected to the additional solenoid valve. One side of the additional solenoid valve may be connected to the additional shield gas supply cylinder, and the other side of the additional solenoid valve may be connected to one side of the additional shield gas delivery pipe. The operation of the additional shield gas supply cylinder, the additional solenoid valve, etc. may be controlled by the control unit. The additional shield gas provided by the additional shield gas supply cylinder may be provided toward the stacking area (a) through the other side of the additional shield gas delivery pipe according to the control of the additional solenoid valve by the control unit. Examples of the additional gas injection unit (120) are shown in FIGS. 2, 7, and 12 (c) and (d). Referring to (c) and (d) of FIGS. 2, 7, and 12, an additional gas injection unit (120) may be provided with additional shield gas outlets of additional gas injection units (120) on one surface of the body portion (10) facing the stacking area (a). The additional shield gas outlet may be connected to the additional shield gas transfer pipe through an additional shield gas movement channel (not shown) provided in the body portion (10). The additional shield gas transfer pipe may be connected to the additional shield gas supply cylinder through the additional solenoid valve. The additional shield gas injected through the additional shield gas outlet may be controlled through the control of the control unit. In the drawings, an example is shown in which the additional shield gas is injected in the direction of the stacking area (a) through the additional shield gas outlet in a ring shape provided on the one surface of the body portion (10).Unlike what is shown in the drawing, the second shielding region (d) may be provided in a shape that surrounds a part of the first shielding region (c). Meanwhile, the additional shielding gas may be directly injected toward the lamination region (a) through the additional shielding gas transfer pipe. The above example is for understanding, and there is no limitation on the structure, shape, etc. of the additional gas injection unit (120) as long as it can perform the function disclosed in the present specification. The technology disclosed in the present specification can provide an effect of more effectively preventing oxidation of the lamination material (b) due to the inflow of oxygen during the process of laminating the lamination material (b) on the lamination region (a) by forming the second shielding region (d) that surrounds at least a part of the first shielding region (c) through the additional gas injection unit (120).

[0071] Meanwhile, a plurality of additional gas injection units (120) may be provided. The shape of the second shielding area (d) formed by the plurality of additional gas injection units (120) may be changed by controlling the flow shape of the additional shielding gas by the control unit. It will be apparent that a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily infer the process and method for changing the shape of the second shielding area (d) formed by the plurality of additional gas injection units (120) by the control unit from the process and method for changing the shape of the first shielding area (d) formed by the plurality of additional gas injection units (110) by the control unit. Therefore, a detailed description of the process and method for changing the shape of the second shielding area (d) formed by the plurality of additional gas injection units (120) by the control unit will be omitted for convenience of explanation.

[0072] A shape determination unit (not shown) can determine the shape of the stacking target. The control unit can individually control the operations of the plurality of gas injection units (110) based on the shape of the stacking target determined by the shape determination unit to change the flow shape of the shield gas that the plurality of gas injection units (110) respectively inject in the direction of the stacking area (a). The shape determination unit may be a storage device (not shown) that stores CAM data, CAM slice data, etc., which are shape information of the output to be stacked, an image sensor (not shown) that captures an image of the stacked output, etc. The shape determination unit can determine the shape of the stacking target through the shape information of the output to be obtained by stacking stored in the storage device, the image of the stacked output captured by the image sensor (not shown), etc. The above examples are examples for understanding, and there is no limitation on the type, method, structure, etc. of the shape determination unit as long as it can perform the functions disclosed in the present specification.

[0073] To explain the operation of the above shape determination unit in more detail, the shape determination unit can determine the shape of the lamination target at the time of lamination by comparing the lamination progress process and the shape information of the output. Alternatively, the shape determination unit can determine the shape of the lamination target by photographing and analyzing the shape of the lamination target through the image sensor. Of course, the shape determination unit can also determine the shape of the lamination target by considering both the shape information of the output and the image information acquired through the image sensor.

[0074] For example, the control unit can divide the plurality of gas injection units (110) into crossed gas injection units (110a) and non-crossed gas injection units (110b) based on the shape of the stacking target determined by the shape determination unit. The control unit can stop the operation of the crossed gas injection unit (110a) or control the flow rate or flow velocity of the shield gas injected by the crossed gas injection unit (110a) to have a different value from the flow rate or flow velocity of the shield gas injected by the non-crossed gas injection unit (110b). The control unit can divide the crossed gas injection units (110a) and the non-crossed gas injection units (110b) based on whether the direction of the shield gas injected by each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) intersects the shape (f) on which the stacking material (b) is stacked or the shape of the stacking target (g). Alternatively, as illustrated as an example in the drawing, the control unit may distinguish between the crossed gas injection units (110a) and the non-crossed gas injection units (110b) based on whether the shield gas outlet of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) faces the shape (f) on which the laminated material (b) is laminated or the shape of the laminated object (g). For the convenience of the following description, the case where the control unit distinguishes between the crossed gas injection units (110a) and the non-crossed gas injection units (110b) based on whether the shield gas outlet of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) faces the shape (f) on which the laminated material (b) is laminated or the shape of the laminated object (g) will be mainly described. It should be clearly stated that this description is not intended to limit the scope of the technology disclosed in this specification.

[0075] The gas detection unit (130, 130') can detect the concentration of a gas of interest in the first shielding area (c). The gas of interest refers to a gas that affects the properties of the output in the process of obtaining the output by laminating the lamination material (b) on the lamination area (a). The gas of interest may be, for example, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, etc. The above example is for understanding, and all gases that can affect the properties of the output in the process of obtaining the output by laminating the lamination material (b) on the lamination area (a) correspond to the gas of interest. For the convenience of the following description, oxygen will be mainly described as the gas of interest. In addition, for the convenience of the following description, the oxygen detection unit (130, 130') will be mainly described as the gas detection unit (130, 130'). It is to be clearly stated that this description is not intended to limit the scope of the rights disclosed in this specification. Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, a method for detecting the concentration of the gas of interest, for example, the oxygen concentration, in the first shielding area (c) through the gas detection unit (130, 130') disclosed in the present specification will be described as an example.

[0076] For example, referring to FIG. 7, FIG. 7 illustrates, as an example, a gas detection unit (130) provided on one surface of the body portion (10) facing the lamination area (a). FIG. 7 (a) illustrates, as an example, a state in which the oxygen concentration of the first shielding area (c) is detected through the gas detection unit (130) before the melting energy (e) is provided to the lamination material (b) supplied to the lamination area (a). The melting energy (e) may be provided, for example, through the melting energy outlet (e-1) provided on the one surface of the body portion (10). Alternatively, unlike what is illustrated in the drawing, the melting energy (e) may be provided through at least one of the shield gas outlets of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110). In this case, the melting energy outlet (e-1) may be omitted. For convenience of explanation, the following description will focus on the case where melting energy (e) is provided through the melting energy outlet (e-1). It should be clearly stated that this description is not intended to limit the scope of the technology disclosed in this specification.

[0077] The above control unit can individually control the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) so that the oxygen concentration of the first shielding area (c) satisfies the reference gas concentration. FIG. 7 (b) illustrates, as an example, a lamination process in which melting energy (e) is provided to the lamination material (b) supplied to the lamination area (a) when the oxygen concentration of the first shielding area (c) detected by the gas detection unit (130) satisfies the reference gas concentration. The reference gas concentration may mean an oxygen concentration at which the properties of the output, which is the result obtained by laminating the lamination material (b) in the lamination area (a), satisfy an allowable error range. The reference gas concentration may be determined by the type of the lamination material (b), the properties required for the output, etc. A typical device capable of detecting oxygen may be utilized as the gas detection unit (130). For example, a zirconia sensor that utilizes a difference in oxygen partial pressure may be used as the gas detection unit (130), but is not limited thereto. In Fig. 7, two gas detection units (130) provided on the above-mentioned one surface of the body portion (10) are shown as an example, but there is no limitation on the number of gas detection units (130) as long as they can perform the functions disclosed in the present specification. Meanwhile, when the gas of interest is chlorine rather than oxygen, the reference gas concentration may mean a chlorine concentration at which the physical properties of the output obtained by laminating the lamination material (b) on the lamination area (a) satisfy the allowable error range. The reference gas concentration may be determined through the type of the lamination material (b), the physical properties required for the output, etc. In this way, the reference gas concentration may mean a gas concentration at which the physical properties of the output obtained by laminating the lamination material (b) on the lamination area (a) satisfy the allowable error range. The reference gas concentration may be determined through the type of the lamination material (b), the physical properties required for the output, etc. As the gas detection unit (130), a conventional device capable of detecting the gas of interest can be utilized depending on the type of gas of interest to be detected.

[0078] As another example, referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, FIG. 8 illustrates an example in which an air intake port (132) is provided on one surface of a body portion (10) facing a lamination area (a) to suck in air from a first shielding area (c), and a gas detection unit (130') detects the oxygen concentration of the first shielding area (c) through the air intake port (132a) provided thereon, and the air intake port (132) is provided in the body portion (10) to connect the air intake port (132a) and the air intake port (132). FIG. 9 illustrates an example in which a lamination material supply port (30a) provided on one surface of the body portion (10) is used in parallel with an air intake port (132a) so that a lamination material (b) supplied by a lamination material supply unit (30) is provided to the lamination area (a). In addition, FIG. 9 illustrates an example in which a gas detection unit (130') detects the oxygen concentration of the first shielding area (c) through the air intake unit (132) through the laminated material supply port (30a). A laminated material movement passage connecting the laminated material supply port (30a) and the laminated material supply unit (30) may be provided in the body unit (10). A typical device capable of intake air may be utilized as the air intake unit (132). For example, a vacuum pump or the like may be used as the air intake unit (132), but is not limited thereto.

[0079] As illustrated in the drawing as an example, the air intake unit (132) can be connected to the first shielding area (c) through the air intake port (132a) provided on the above-mentioned surface of the body unit (10). When the laminated material supply port (30a) is used in parallel with the air intake port (132a), the air intake unit (132) can also be connected to the first shielding area (c) through the laminated material supply port (30a). Meanwhile, unlike illustrated in the drawing, the air intake unit (132) can be provided on the side of the morphing shield (100) for the laminated device to be spaced apart from the morphing shield (100) for the laminated device. In this case, the air intake unit (132) can also be connected to the first shielding area (c) through an air intake pipe (not illustrated) which is connected to the air intake unit (132) on one side and located inside the first shielding area (c) on the other side. The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the connection structure, connection method, etc. of the air intake unit (132) and the first shielding area (c) as long as the function disclosed in the present specification can be performed. The gas detection unit (130') is connected to the air intake unit (132) and can detect the oxygen concentration of the air of the first shielding area (c) that the air intake unit (132) inhales. A typical device capable of detecting oxygen can be utilized as the gas detection unit (130'). As the gas detection unit (130), a zirconia sensor that utilizes a difference in oxygen partial pressure can be used, for example, but is not limited thereto.

[0080] The operations of the air intake unit (132) and the gas detection unit (130') will be described in more detail as follows. The air intake unit (132) can generate a negative pressure that is lower than the pressure of the first shielding area (a). By the negative pressure, the air inside the first shielding area (a), that is, the air of the stacking area (a), can be provided to the gas detection unit (130') through the air intake unit (132). The gas detection unit (130') can detect the oxygen concentration of the air of the stacking area (a) provided through the air intake unit (132). When the oxygen concentration of the stacking area (a) detected by the gas detection unit (130') does not satisfy the reference gas concentration, the control unit can individually control the operation of the flame providing unit (150) described below or the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) so that the oxygen concentration of the stacking area (a) satisfies the reference gas concentration. The control of the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) by the above control unit may include not only the control of the flow rate, flow speed, type, etc. of the shield gas injected by each of the plurality of gas injection units (110), but also the gas injection angle control unit (112) of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110). Through this, the technology disclosed in the present specification can provide the effect of preventing oxidation of the layering material (b) during the layering process, thereby maintaining the properties, quality, etc. of the three-dimensional structure manufactured through layering, i.e., the output, at a constant level. Meanwhile, when the gas of interest is chlorine rather than oxygen, the reference gas concentration may mean a chlorine concentration at which the properties of the output, which is the result obtained by layering the layering material (b) in the layering area (a), satisfy the allowable error range. The reference gas concentration may be determined through the type of the layering material (b), the properties required for the output, etc. In this way, the above-mentioned reference gas concentration may mean the concentration of the gas of interest at which the properties of the output obtained by laminating the laminating material (b) on the laminating area (a) satisfy the allowed error range.The above reference gas concentration can be determined through the type of the layered material (b), the properties required for the output, etc. As the gas detection unit (130), a conventional device capable of detecting the gas of interest can be utilized depending on the type of the gas of interest to be detected.

[0081] The reaction gas injection unit (140) can provide reaction gas to the molten layer material (b) by the melting energy provided in the direction of the layering region (a). The operation of the reaction gas injection unit (140) can be controlled by the control unit. The layer material (b) can change its physical properties by reacting with the reaction gas. Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 10, a process in which the physical properties of the layer material (b) or the output obtained through the layering of the molten layer material (b) change by the reaction gas provided by the reaction gas injection unit (140) disclosed in the present specification will be described.

[0082] In Fig. 10 (a), at least a portion of the laminated area (a) is surrounded by the first shielding area (c), as an example. In Fig. 10 (b), in a situation where at least a portion of the laminated area (a) is surrounded by the first shielding area (c), the reaction gas is provided to the molten laminated material (b) through the reaction gas inlet (140a) provided on the surface of the body part (10) facing the laminated area (a), as an example. As illustrated in Fig. 10 (b), a reaction gas injection area (140b) can be formed within the first shielding area (a) by the reaction gas injected by the reaction gas injection part (140). Various types of gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine can be utilized alone or in combination as the reaction gas. In the process of forming an output through lamination, an oxide, compound, etc. can be formed on the surface of the output through a chemical reaction between the reaction gas and the molten lamination material (b), or a metal reinforcing mechanism such as a solid solution can be generated. Through this, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide a lamination environment that can implement changes in the physical properties of the output, changes in the surface characteristics, etc. Hereinafter, the operation of the reaction gas injection unit (140) will be specifically described using metal as an example of the lamination material (b). The following description is intended to help understanding the technology disclosed in this specification, and it will be understood that materials other than metal can be used as the lamination material (b). It is also made clear that this description is not intended to limit the scope of the rights of the technology disclosed in this specification.

[0083] To explain more specifically, in the process of forming an output by utilizing a specific metal as a layering material (b), it is necessary to utilize the diffusion of various elements that react with the specific metal in order to secure the mechanical properties of the output. Let's take the case of utilizing a Ti series metal as the layering material (b) as an example. Through the layering process, a melting zone of the Ti series metal melted by melting energy can be formed in a layering area (a) provided on the surface of the portion (f) where the Ti series metal is layered, the surface of the layering target (g) which is the object of layering, etc. In this case, the properties of the output can be controlled by injecting the reaction gas into the melting zone of the Ti series metal. For example, nitrogen (N2) or a mixed gas of argon (Ar) and nitrogen (N2) as the reaction gas can be injected into the melting zone of the Ti series metal to generate a nitride such as TiN and a Ti-N solid solution, and layer them in the layering area (a). This can act as a surface hardening mechanism or surface strengthening mechanism of the metal material. As another example, by changing the layered material (b) to an Fe-based metal and injecting a mixed gas of carbon dioxide (CO2) and argon (Ar) as the reaction gas to form a carburizing atmosphere, a carbon solid solution can be formed. This can also act as a surface hardening mechanism or surface strengthening mechanism of the metal material. The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the type of the reaction gas as long as it can perform the function disclosed in the present specification. The technology disclosed in the present specification presents a technology capable of providing the reaction gas to the melting zone of the layered material (b) in a situation where at least a part of the layered area (a) is surrounded by a first shielding area (c). The first shielding area (c) can act as a barrier that blocks the layered area (a) from the surrounding air.The technology disclosed in this specification can provide a user with an environment in which the reaction gas having a preset level of concentration, flow rate, flow rate, etc. can be stably supplied to the stacking area (a) through a reaction gas injection area (140b) formed inside the first shielding area (a) while minimizing the influence of the surrounding air.

[0084] As illustrated in the drawing as an example, the reaction gas injection unit (140) can be connected to the first shielding area (c) through the reaction gas injection port (140a) provided on the above-mentioned surface of the body part (10). Meanwhile, unlike what is illustrated in the drawing, the reaction gas injection unit (140) can be provided on the side of the morphing shield (100) for the stacking device and spaced apart from the morphing shield (100) for the stacking device. In this case, one end of the reaction gas injection unit (140) can be connected to the reaction gas injection unit (140), and the other end can be connected to the first shielding area (c) through a reaction gas injection pipe (not illustrated) located inside the first shielding area (c). The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the connection structure, connection method, etc. of the reaction gas injection unit (140) and the first shielding area (c) as long as the function disclosed in the present specification can be performed. A conventional device capable of supplying gas can be used as the reaction gas injection unit (140).

[0085] The reaction gas injection unit (140) may include, for example, a reaction gas supply cylinder (not shown) containing the reaction gas, a reaction gas solenoid valve (not shown) connected to the reaction gas supply cylinder, and a reaction gas transfer pipe connected to the reaction gas solenoid valve. One side of the reaction gas solenoid valve may be connected to the reaction gas supply cylinder, and the other side of the reaction gas solenoid valve may be connected to one side of the reaction gas transfer pipe. The operation of the reaction gas supply cylinder, the reaction gas solenoid valve, etc. may be controlled by the control unit. The reaction gas provided by the reaction gas supply cylinder may be provided toward the stacking region (a) through the other side of the reaction gas transfer pipe according to the control of the reaction gas solenoid valve by the control unit.

[0086] An example of a reaction gas injection unit (140) is shown in Fig. 10. Referring to Fig. 10, the reaction gas injection unit (140) will be described as an example. A reaction gas injection port (140a) may be provided on one surface of the body portion (10) facing the stacking region (a). The reaction gas injection port (140a) may be connected to the reaction gas transfer pipe through a reaction gas movement channel provided in the body portion (10). The reaction gas transfer pipe may be connected to the reaction gas supply cylinder through the reaction gas solenoid valve. The reaction gas provided toward the stacking region (a) through the reaction gas injection port (140a) may be controlled by the control unit. The drawing illustrates an example in which the reaction gas is provided toward the stacking region (a) through the reaction gas injection port (140a) provided on one surface of the body portion (10). Alternatively, the reaction gas may be directly supplied toward the stacking region (a) through the reaction gas transfer pipe. The above example is for illustrative purposes only and there are no limitations on the structure, shape, etc. of the reaction gas injection unit (140) as long as it can perform the functions disclosed in this specification.

[0087] The flame providing unit (150) can provide a flame to the laminated area (a) or the surrounding area of ​​the laminated area (a). The control unit can control the operation of the flame providing unit (150). The operation of the flame providing unit (150) disclosed in this specification will be described below with reference to FIG. 11.

[0088] In (a) of Fig. 11, a flame providing unit (150) provides a flame to the laminated area (a) or the surroundings of the laminated area (a) through a flame exhaust port (150a) provided on the one surface of the body portion (10). A flame movement passage connecting the flame exhaust port (150a) and the flame providing unit (150) may be provided in the body portion (10). One side of the flame movement passage may be connected to the flame exhaust port (150a), and the other side of the flame movement passage may be connected to a flame injection unit (not shown) of the flame providing unit (150). In (b) of Fig. 11, after the flame is provided to the laminated area (a) or the surroundings of the laminated area (a), a laminated material (b) is laminated on the laminated area (a) at least partially surrounded by the first shielding area (c). The laminated area (a) or the surrounding area of ​​the laminated area (a) can be preheated or postheated through the flame providing unit (150). In addition, the oxygen concentration in the laminated area (a) or the surrounding area of ​​the laminated area (a) can be reduced through the oxidation reaction through the flame providing unit (150). The technology disclosed in this specification can preheat or postheat the laminated area (a) or the portion (f) where the laminated material (b) is laminated through the flame providing unit (150) so that the physical properties of the deposition layer deposited in the laminated area (a), that is, the portion (f) where the laminated material (b) is laminated, satisfy the desired physical properties. In addition, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide the effect of further reducing the oxygen around the laminated area (a) or the portion (f) where the laminated material (b) is laminated through the oxidation reaction through the flame providing unit (150), so that the physical properties of the deposition layer deposited in the laminated area (a) become closer to the desired physical properties. A conventional device capable of providing a flame, such as a flamethrower, may be utilized as the flame providing unit (150). For example, a flame using methanol (CH3OH) may be used as the flame providing unit (150), but is not limited thereto. Methanol (CH3OH) reacts with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) have the characteristic of hardly reacting with other substances in a general environment. When the flame using methanol (CH3OH) is used as the flame providing unit (150), it can provide the effect of reducing oxygen around the laminated area (a) or the part (f) where the laminated material (b) is laminated without affecting the laminated material (b).

[0089] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of providing a flame to the stacking area (a) or the periphery of the stacking area (a) through a single flame outlet (150a) provided on the above-described surface of the body portion (10). Unlike what is shown in the drawing, the flame providing unit (150) may be provided on the side of the morphing shield (100) for the stacking device and spaced apart from the morphing shield (100) for the stacking device. In this case, the flame may be directly provided to the stacking area (a) or the periphery of the stacking area (a) from the flame injection unit of the flame providing unit (150). The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the position, number, shape, etc. of the flame providing unit (150) as long as it can perform the function disclosed in the present specification.

[0090] An energy supply unit (not shown) can supply melting energy to the laminated material (b) supplied to the laminated area (a). The energy supply unit may be, for example, a laser, but is not limited thereto as long as it can supply the melting energy to the laminated material (b). The operation of the energy supply unit can be controlled by the control unit.

[0091] As described above, the laminated area (a) means an area where the laminated material (b) is laminated, and may mean a part where the laminated material (b) is laminated, a part (f) where the laminated material (b) is laminated, a part where the laminated material (b) is melted by the melting energy provided by the energy supply unit and then solidified and laminated, etc.

[0092] The drawing illustrates an example in which the melting energy is supplied to the laminated material (b) through a melting energy outlet (e-1) provided on the surface of the body part (10) facing the laminated area (a). In this case, the energy supply unit is arranged on the body part (10) and can supply the melting energy to the laminated material (b) through the melting energy outlet (e-1). At this time, in order to effectively block the inflow of surrounding air into the laminated area (a) and stably provide the melting energy to the laminated material (b) supplied to the laminated area (a), the shield gas outlets of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) may be provided to be spaced apart from each other along an imaginary closed line. The melting energy outlet (e-1) may be provided within the imaginary closed line. In the drawing, the imaginary closed line is illustrated as a circle, but is not limited thereto. As another example, the energy supply unit may supply the melting energy to the laminated material (b) through an energy supply channel (not shown) provided inside the body unit (10). In this case, one side of the energy supply channel may be connected to a melting energy outlet (e-1), and the other side of the energy supply channel may be connected to an output terminal of the energy supply unit. In addition, the drawing illustrates two melting energies, which are respectively applied to the laminated material (b) through two melting energy outlets (e-1), as the melting energy. Meanwhile, unlike what is shown in the drawing, the energy supply unit may be provided on the side of the morphing shield (100) for the laminated device, spaced apart from the morphing shield (100) for the laminated device. In this case, the melting energy may be supplied directly from the energy supply unit to the laminated material (b). The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the method of supplying the melting energy to the laminated material (b) capable of performing the function disclosed in this specification, the number of energy supply units, the location of the energy supply units, etc.

[0093] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, a description will be given of a process of forming a first shielding area (c) that surrounds at least a portion of a stacking area (a) through individual control of the operations of a plurality of gas injection units (110) by the control unit, and a process of morphing the shape of the first shielding area (c) by the control unit according to the shape of the stacking target. In addition, for convenience of explanation, the description will focus on a case where the gas injection unit (110), additional gas injection unit (120), gas detection unit (130, 130'), reaction gas injection unit (140), and flame providing unit (150) described above operate in conjunction with the body unit (10). It should be clearly stated that this description is not intended to limit the scope of the technology disclosed in this specification.

[0094] As illustrated as an example in Fig. 7, on the one surface of the body portion (10) facing the stacking area (a), the shield gas discharge port, the melting energy discharge port (e-1) of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110), the additional shield gas discharge port of the additional gas injection unit (120), the air intake port (132a), the reaction gas injection port (140a), and the flame discharge port (150a) may be provided.

[0095] The morphing shield (100) for a stacking device disclosed in this specification can form a first shielding area (c) that surrounds at least a portion of the stacking area (a) by injecting a shield gas in the direction of the stacking area (a) through a plurality of gas injection units (110) controlled by the control unit. The control unit can control any one selected from the type, flow rate, direction, and combination thereof of the shield gas provided by each of the plurality of gas injection units (110). Through this, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide an effect of providing a shield corresponding to the stacking target shape or morphed into a shape desired by a user, that is, a gas barrier that can be changed into a desired shape.

[0096] For example, the first shielding region (c) may be formed to surround the stacking region (a) with the shielding gas. As another example, the first shielding region (c) may be formed to provide a gas barrier at a predetermined distance from the stacking region (a). As yet another example, the first shielding region (c) may be formed to surround the stacking region (a) with the shielding gas while simultaneously providing the gas barrier at a predetermined distance from the stacking region (a). Through this, the technology disclosed in the present specification can remove oxygen from the stacking region (a) and block ambient air from flowing into the stacking region (a).

[0097] Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a drawing showing a shield gas injected toward a stacking area (a) by a plurality of gas injection units (110). In FIG. 4 (a), the flow of the shield gas injected toward the stacking area (a) in a situation where the operation of the plurality of gas injection units (110) is controlled in a unified manner by the control unit is expressed as an example. In FIG. 4 (b), the flow of the shield gas injected toward the stacking area (a) in a situation where the operation of the plurality of gas injection units (110) is individually controlled by the control unit is expressed as an example. In FIG. 4 (b), shield gas having different flow rates, flow rates, etc. is expressed as an example by individually controlling each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) through the control unit. As illustrated in Fig. 4, in order to effectively block the inflow of surrounding air into the laminated area (a) depending on the shape of the structure where the laminated area (a) is located, it is necessary to individually control the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) that provide shield gas in the direction of the laminated area (a).

[0098] As illustrated in (a) of Fig. 5 as an example, let us assume that the shield gas outlets of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) are spaced apart from each other to form a single ring type. Hereinafter, the technology disclosed in the present specification will be described using the plurality of gas injection units (110) illustrated in (a) of Fig. 5 and Fig. 4.

[0099] As illustrated in FIG. 4 as an example, the laminated area (a) may be located on the upper portion of the obliquely inclined laminated object (g). Alternatively, the laminated area (a) may be located on the upper portion (f) where the laminated material (b) is laminated through the lamination process. The portion (f) where the laminated material (b) is laminated may have an obliquely inclined shape. For the convenience of the following description, the case where the laminated area (a) is located on the upper portion of the obliquely inclined laminated object (g) will be mainly described.

[0100] As illustrated in (a) of Fig. 4 as an example, when the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) is controlled in a unified manner by the control unit, the shield gas of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) injected into the lamination area (a) has the same flow rate, flow velocity, etc. In this case, the shield gas may not properly isolate the lamination area (a) from the ambient air containing a reactive gas such as oxygen due to the inclination angle, shape, etc. of the lamination target (g). Due to this, in the process of laminating the lamination material (b) in the lamination area (a), the lamination material (b) may react with the reactive gas such as oxygen contained in the ambient air, thereby changing its physical properties.

[0101] As illustrated as an example in (b) of FIG. 4, the technology disclosed in this specification can form a first shielding area (c) that surrounds at least a portion of a lamination area (a) by providing a flow of shield gas that is morphed according to the inclination angle, shape, etc. of the lamination object (g) by individually controlling the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) based on the shape of the lamination target through the control unit. Through this, the lamination area (a) can be effectively isolated from the surrounding air containing a reactive gas such as oxygen, thereby providing an effect of stably maintaining the properties desired by the user for the output obtained through lamination.

[0102] Referring to FIG. 5, the individual operation control of the plurality of gas injection units (110) of the control unit for effectively isolating the lamination area (a) from the surrounding air during the lamination process will be described.

[0103] FIG. 5 (a) is a drawing showing, as an example, eight gas injection parts (110) spaced apart from each other and forming a ring shape as a plurality of gas injection parts (110). The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the number, shape, etc. of the plurality of gas injection parts (110) as long as the function disclosed in the present specification can be performed. FIG. 5 (b) is a drawing showing a state in which the plurality of gas injection parts (110) are all controlled to operate by the control unit. For example, the control unit can cause the plurality of gas injection parts (110) to operate so that the pressure of the first shielding area (c) has a positive pressure higher than the pressure of the surrounding air so that the first shielding area (c) can serve as a blocking film that blocks the inflow of surrounding air into the stacking area (a). The operation of each of the plurality of gas injection parts (110) can be individually controlled by the control unit. The flow rate, flow velocity, direction, etc. of the shield gas provided by each of the plurality of gas injection units (110b) in operation under the control of the above control unit may be the same or different from each other in the direction of the stacking area (a). FIG. 5 (c) to (f) are drawings showing a case where the plurality of gas injection units (110) are divided into intersecting gas injection units (110a) and non-intersecting gas injection units (110b) based on whether the direction of the shield gas outlet of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) intersects with the portion (f) where the stacking material (b) is stacked, the stacking target (g), etc. As another example, unlike the example illustrated in the drawing, the plurality of gas injection parts (110) may be divided into intersecting gas injection parts (110a) and non-intersecting gas injection parts (110b) based on whether the direction in which the shield gas injected by each of the plurality of gas injection parts (110) intersects with the portion (f) where the laminated material (b) is laminated, the laminated object (g), etc.The above control unit may control the cross gas injection unit (110a) not to operate, or may control the flow rate or flow velocity of the shield gas provided by the cross gas injection unit (110a) to have a different value from the flow rate or flow velocity of the shield gas provided by the non-cross gas injection unit (110b). FIG. 5 (c) and FIG. 5 (d) are drawings showing that, when the portion (f) on which the layered material (b) is laminated, the layered object (g), etc. are in a straight shape, the operation of the cross gas injection unit (110a) facing the portion (f) on which the layered material (b) is laminated, the layered object (g), etc. in a straight shape is controlled differently from the operation of the non-cross gas injection unit (110b) by the control unit. FIG. 5 (e) and FIG. 5 (f) are drawings showing that, when the portion (f) on which the laminated material (b) is laminated, the laminated object (g), etc. are curved, the operation of the cross gas injection unit (110a) facing the portion (f) on which the laminated material (b) is laminated, the laminated object (g), etc. is controlled differently from the operation of the non-cross gas injection unit (110b) by the control unit. The control unit individually controls the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) in consideration of the shape of the laminated object, thereby reducing or preventing a change in the flow of the shield gas (e.g., a vortex) caused by a collision between the shield gas and the portion (f) on which the laminated material (b) is laminated, the laminated object (g), etc. In particular, the control unit may control the cross-gas injection unit (110a) to not operate, or may control the flow rate, flow rate, etc. of the shield gas provided by the cross-gas injection unit (110a) to have different values ​​from the flow rate, flow rate, etc. of the shield gas provided by the non-cross-gas injection unit (110b). To explain more specifically by way of example, the control unit may uniformly control the operation of the cross-gas injection unit (110a) and uniformly control the operation of the non-cross-gas injection unit (110b).At this time, the control unit can stop the operation of the cross gas injection unit (110a), or control the flow rate, flow velocity, etc. of the shield gas provided by the cross gas injection unit (110a) to have different values ​​from the flow rate, flow velocity, etc. of the shield gas provided by the non-cross gas injection unit (110b). The control unit can reduce or prevent the flow change (e.g., vortex) of the shield gas caused by the collision between the shield gas and the portion (f) where the layering material (b) is layered, the layering target (g), etc. by controlling the operation of the cross gas injection unit (110a) and the non-cross gas injection unit (110b) in a unified manner in consideration of the shape of the layering target. In addition, the unified control of each of the cross gas injection unit (110a) and the non-cross gas injection unit (110b) by the control unit can provide the effect of improving the process speed compared to individually controlling the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110).

[0104] Through differential control of the cross-injection part (110a) and the non-cross-injection part (110b) by the above control unit, the flow change (e.g., vortex) of the shield gas that occurs due to collision between the shield gas and the laminated material (b) and the laminated part (f), the laminated object (g), etc. can be more effectively reduced or prevented.

[0105] For example, the control unit can selectively control each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) so that the pressure of the first shielding area (c) has a positive pressure higher than the pressure of the surrounding air. The first shielding area (c) can be formed by the shield gas injected by each of the plurality of gas injection units (110). In this case, the differential control of the cross gas injection unit (110a) and the non-cross gas injection unit (110b) by the control unit can allow the air inside the first shielding area (c) to escape to the outside through an area having a relatively low pressure among the first shielding areas (c). The area having a relatively low pressure among the first shielding areas (c) can correspond to an area where the cross gas injection unit (110a) injects the shield gas. Through this, the technology disclosed in this specification can reduce or prevent the flow change (e.g., vortex) of the shield gas that is caused by the collision between the shield gas injected by each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) and the laminated portion (f) of the laminated material (b), the laminated object (g), etc., and can also provide an effect of effectively blocking the inflow of surrounding air into the laminated area (a). Through this, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide an effect of maintaining the properties, quality, etc. of a three-dimensional structure manufactured through lamination at a constant level by effectively reducing the amount of oxygen inflow into the laminated area (a).

[0106] Meanwhile, the morphing shield (100) for a stacking device disclosed in the present specification may further include a stage (20) and a path determination unit. The stacking area (a) may be provided on the stage (20). The body part (10) may be provided to enable relative movement with respect to the stage (20). The path determination unit may determine the path of the relative movement between the stage (20) and the body part (10). The control unit may individually control the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) based on the stacking target shape determined by the shape determination unit and the path of the relative movement determined by the path determination unit, thereby changing the flow shape of the shield gas.

[0107] To be more specific, in the case of continuous lamination, the lamination area (a) moves. The movement of the lamination area (a) for continuous lamination can be performed through the movement of the stage (20) or the body part (10) by a driving unit (not shown) such as a motor. In the case where the relative movement between the stage (20) and the body part (10) occurs, it is necessary to consider the path of the relative movement between the stage (20) and the body part (10) in the process of forming the first shielding area (c) by individually controlling the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) through the control unit. The technology disclosed in the present specification determines the path of the relative movement between the stage (20) and the body part (10) through the path determination unit, and the control unit can individually control the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units (110) in consideration of the path. Through this, the technology disclosed in this specification can provide an effect of effectively preventing the inflow of external air into the lamination area (a) during the process of laminating the lamination material (b) in the lamination area (a) even if relative movement occurs between the stage (20) and the body part (10).

[0108] The above path determination unit can determine the path of the relative movement between the stage (20) and the body (10) through position sensors (e.g., gyro sensors, etc.) installed on the stage (20) and the body (10), respectively. The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the determination method, type of device, etc. of the path determination unit as long as it can perform the functions disclosed in this specification.

[0109] Meanwhile, FIG. 12 illustrates a modified example in which the shape of the morphing shield (100) for a stacking device, the shape of the gas injection unit (110), etc. are changed. FIG. 12 (a) and FIG. 12 (c) are three-dimensional views. FIG. 12 (b) and (d) illustrate one side of the body part (10) of FIG. 12 (a) and one side of the body part (10) of FIG. 12 (c), respectively, as examples. FIG. 12 (a) illustrates an example of a morphing shield (100) for a stacking device including eight shield gas discharge ports of gas injection units (110), a stacking material supply port (30a), a flame discharge port (150a), four gas detection units (130), and a melting energy discharge port (e-1). The drawing illustrates, as an example, circular shield gas outlets spaced apart from each other along a circle, which is an example of an imaginary closed line, as the shield gas outlets of the eight gas injection units (110). The above example is for understanding, and there is no limitation on the shape of the shield gas outlet as long as it can perform the function disclosed in the present specification. In addition, the drawing illustrates, as an example, a case where a melting energy outlet (e-1) provided in a ring shape on one surface of the body portion (10) to provide melting energy (e) provided by an energy supply unit (not shown) to the stacking area (a) is provided inside the imaginary closed line. The above example is for understanding, and there is no limitation on the position, shape, etc. of the melting energy outlet (e-1) as long as it can perform the function disclosed in the present specification.

[0110] FIG. 12(d) illustrates another example of a morphing shield (100) for a lamination device, which includes shield gas outlets of six gas injection units (110), shield gas outlets of an additional gas injection unit (120), a lamination material supply port (30a), an air intake port (132a), and a melting energy outlet (e-1). In the drawing, as the shield gas outlets of the six gas injection units (110), semicircular shield gas outlets provided spaced apart from each other along a circle, which is an example of an imaginary closed line, on the one surface of the body unit (10) are illustrated as an example. The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the position, shape, etc. of the shield gas outlets of the gas injection units (110) as long as they can perform the functions disclosed in the present specification. In addition, the drawing illustrates, as an example, a shield gas outlet provided in a ring shape on the surface of the body portion (10) as the shield gas outlet of the additional gas injection unit (120). The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the position, shape, etc. of the shield gas outlet of the additional gas injection unit (120) as long as the function disclosed in the present specification can be performed. In addition, the drawing illustrates, as an example, a case where a pair of melting energy outlets (e-1) provided in a semicircular shape facing each other on the surface of the body portion (10) to provide melting energy (e) provided by an energy supply unit (not shown) to the stacking area (a) are provided inside the virtual closed line. The above example is an example for understanding, and there is no limitation on the position, shape, etc. of the melting energy outlet (e-1) as long as the function disclosed in the present specification can be performed.

[0111] Recently, metal 3D printing technology has been widely utilized for producing 3D structures of various shapes. In particular, Direct Engraving (DED) technology, with its advantages such as rapid deposition speed and low initial cost, is widely used for the production of large parts or structures, as well as for repairing large components. However, during the deposition process using metal 3D printing technologies such as DED, oxidation of the metal material due to external oxygen can deteriorate the properties of the resulting 3D structure.

[0112] The morphing shield (100) for a laminating device disclosed in this specification can be applied as an integral or detachable unit to a laser-based DED (Direct Energy Deposition) AM (Additive Manufacturing) process device for optimal oxidation control. The morphing shield (100) for a laminating device disclosed in this specification can adjust the flow, direction, etc. of the shield gas in response to various shapes and contours of the AM layer through individual control of a plurality of gas injection units (100). Through this, an inert gas such as argon gas (Ar) can be comprehensively and uniformly distributed throughout the molten pool of the laminating material (b).

[0113] The morphing shield (100) for a laminating device disclosed in this specification can individually control the operation of a plurality of gas injection parts (100) in response to various shapes and contours of AM layers. Through this, the morphing shield (100) for a laminating device disclosed in this specification can maintain a consistent environment that can control the inflow of surrounding air (e.g., oxygen) into the laminating area (a) during the laminating process, thereby providing the effect of improving the quality of the final output, such as the mechanical properties and surface finish, and maintaining the consistency of quality.

[0114] From the above, it will be understood that various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described for illustrative purposes, and that various modifications are possible without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the various embodiments disclosed are not intended to limit the scope and spirit of the present disclosure, and the true scope and spirit will be set forth in the claims that follow.

Claims

1. A gas injection unit capable of injecting shield gas in the direction of the lamination area where the lamination material is supplied; and It includes a control unit provided to control the operation of the above gas injection unit, The above gas injection unit is provided in multiple units, The above control unit individually controls the operation of a plurality of the above gas injection units to form a first shielding area that surrounds at least a portion of the above laminated area. A morphing shield for a lamination device in which the shape of the first shielding area changes (morphs) according to a shape of a lamination target selected from the shape of the lamination area, the shape of the lamination material laminated, the shape of a lamination target that is a lamination target, and a combination thereof.

2. In paragraph 1, A morphing shield for a stacking device further comprising an additional gas injection unit controlled by the control unit and injecting additional shield gas in the direction of the stacking area to form a second shielding area surrounding at least a portion of the first shielding area.

3. In paragraph 1, The above control unit controls the flow shape of the shield gas that is injected by the plurality of gas injection units in the direction of the stacking area based on the stacking target shape. A morphing shield for a stacking device in which the shape of the first shielding area is changed through control of the flow shape of the shield gas by the control unit.

4. In paragraph 1, It further includes a shape judgment unit that judges the shape of the above-mentioned layered object, A morphing shield for a stacking device, wherein the control unit individually controls the operations of a plurality of gas injection units based on the shape of the stacking target determined by the shape determination unit, thereby changing the flow shape of the shield gas each of the plurality of gas injection units injects in the direction of the stacking area.

5. In paragraph 4, The above control unit divides the plurality of gas injection units into crossed gas injection units and non-crossed gas injection units based on the stacking target shape determined by the shape determination unit, The control unit stops the operation of the cross-gas injection unit, or controls the flow rate or velocity of the shield gas injected by the cross-gas injection unit to have a different value from the flow rate or velocity of the shield gas injected by the non-cross-gas injection unit. A morphing shield for a stacking device, wherein the control unit distinguishes between the crossed gas-injection unit and the non-crossed gas-injection unit based on whether the direction of the shield gas injected by each of the plurality of gas-injection units intersects the shape of the stacked material or the shape of the stacking target.

6. In paragraph 1, The above gas injection unit includes a gas injection angle adjustment unit, A morphing shield for a stacking device in which the control unit individually controls the operation of the gas injection angle control unit of each of the plurality of gas injection units to control the injection direction of the shield gas injected in the direction of the stacking area.

7. In paragraph 1, It further comprises at least one gas detection unit for detecting the concentration of gas of interest in the first shielding area, A morphing shield for a stacking device in which the control unit individually controls the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units so that the concentration of the gas of interest in the first shielding area satisfies the reference gas concentration.

8. In paragraph 7, It further includes an air intake section that intakes air from the first shielding area, A morphing shield for a layering device in which the above gas detection unit detects the concentration of the gas of interest in the first shielding area through the air in the first shielding area sucked in through the air intake unit.

9. In paragraph 1, It further includes a reaction gas injection unit that provides a reaction gas to the layered material melted by the melting energy provided in the direction of the layered region, The operation of the above reaction gas injection unit is controlled by the above control unit, The above-mentioned layered material is a morphing shield for a layering device whose properties change by reacting with the above-mentioned reaction gas.

10. In paragraph 1, It further includes a flame providing unit that provides a flame in the above laminated area or around the above laminated area, The above control unit is a morphing shield for a stacking device that controls the operation of the flame providing unit.

11. In paragraph 1, An energy supply unit that supplies melting energy to the laminated material supplied to the laminated area; A shape judgment unit for judging the shape of the above-mentioned layered object; and It further includes a body part in which a shield gas discharge port of each of the plurality of above-mentioned gas injection parts and an discharge port of the above-mentioned melting energy of the above-mentioned energy supply part are provided on one surface, The control unit individually controls the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units based on the stacking target shape determined by the shape determination unit to change the flow shape of the shield gas. The above-mentioned one side of the above-mentioned body portion faces the above-mentioned laminated area, The shield gas discharge ports of each of the plurality of above-mentioned gas injection units are arranged to be spaced apart from each other along an imaginary closed line, The above-mentioned outlet of the above-mentioned melting energy is provided inside the virtual above-mentioned closed line, The above control unit divides the plurality of gas injection units into crossed gas injection units and non-crossed gas injection units based on the stacking target shape determined by the shape determination unit, The control unit stops the operation of the cross-gas injection unit, or controls the flow rate or velocity of the shield gas injected by the cross-gas injection unit to have a different value from the flow rate or velocity of the shield gas injected by the non-cross-gas injection unit. A morphing shield for a stacking device, wherein the control unit distinguishes between the crossed gas-injection unit and the non-crossed gas-injection unit based on whether the shield gas discharge port of each of the plurality of gas-injection units faces the shape on which the stacking material is stacked or the shape of the stacking target.

12. In paragraph 11, Further comprising an additional gas injection unit controlled by the control unit and injecting additional shield gas in the direction of the stacking area to form a second shielding area surrounding at least a portion of the first shielding area, A morphing shield for a stacking device, wherein the shield gas discharge port of the additional gas injection unit is provided on one surface of the body unit in a ring shape surrounding the shield gas discharge port of each of the plurality of gas injection units.

13. In paragraph 11, At least one gas detection unit for detecting a gas concentration of interest in the first shielding area; and It further includes an air intake section that intakes air from the first shielding area, The above control unit individually controls the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units so that the concentration of the gas of interest in the first shielding area satisfies the reference gas concentration. The air intake port of the above air intake part is provided on the above surface of the above body part, A morphing shield for a layering device in which the above gas detection unit detects the concentration of the gas of interest in the first shielding area through the air in the first shielding area sucked in through the air intake unit.

14. In paragraph 11, It further includes a reaction gas injection unit that provides a reaction gas to the layered material melted by the above melting energy, The operation of the above reaction gas injection unit is controlled by the above control unit, The reaction gas injection port of the above reaction gas injection unit is provided on the above surface of the above body part, The above-mentioned layered material is a morphing shield for a layering device whose properties change by reacting with the above-mentioned reaction gas.

15. In paragraph 11, Stage: and Including a path judgment unit, The above-mentioned layered area is provided on the stage, The above body part is provided to be able to move relative to the above stage, The above path determination unit determines the path of the relative movement between the stage and the body, A morphing shield for a stacking device, wherein the control unit individually controls the operation of each of the plurality of gas injection units based on the stacking target shape determined by the shape determination unit and the path of the relative movement to change the flow shape of the shield gas.

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