Method for producing a lifting hanger or push-skid conveyor, and lifting hanger or push-skid conveyor

Abstract

The invention relates to a production method, in particular for producing the support structure (2) of a lifting hanger or a push-skid conveyor (1) from individual components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c), wherein, in each case, two of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) are connected to one another at least in some regions. According to the invention, at least two of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) have mutually corresponding positioning contours, and one of said two components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) can be aligned on the other component or on another component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c), in particular directly or while incorporating at least one other component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c), by bringing the positioning contours thereof closer to one another and at least partially or completely into engagement with one another. Alternatively or in addition thereto, at least of one of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) is lasered from a semi-finished product, in particular sheet metal, before being connected to at least one other component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) and is subsequently or previously shaped at least in some regions.

Description

[0001] METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A LIFTING HANGING OR SHOWING SKID AS WELL AS LIFTING HANGING OR SHOWING SKID

[0002] TECHNICAL AREA

[0003] The invention relates to a method for manufacturing, in particular the supporting structure, a lifting suspension or a push skid from individual components according to the preamble of claim 1, as well as a lifting suspension or push skid, in particular comprising a supporting structure from individual interconnected components according to the preamble of claim 13.

[0004] STATE OF THE ART

[0005] Lifting slings and push skids are used in the automation of manufacturing processes, where heavy objects are typically moved between individual workstations. Common applications include the automotive industry, where they are used, for example, to transport car bodies, engines, and chassis modules. As height-adjustable load-handling devices, lifting slings serve for the suspended transport of objects, while push skids, as industrial conveyors, enable the essentially horizontal transport of objects on the floor. Lifting slings are usually arranged under a guide rail and can travel along it. The height of their support structure, designed to hold an object, is determined by the winding and unwinding of traction elements that suspend the support structure from a trolley that moves along the guide rail.Alternative designs forgo these traction devices, for example, in favor of lifting scissor mechanisms. In contrast, push skids are components of a skid system, within which they can be moved, for example, on a roller conveyor, as carriers for the object to be transported. Besides the actual object, push skids also offer space for at least one person, who can then carry out any necessary work on the object, particularly during and / or between its transport.

[0006] Lifting slings and / or push skids themselves, or at least their respective supporting structures, are usually manufactured from components cut to length by sawing. These are generally beams and / or hollow sections made of steel, such as round and / or square tubes, which are connected to each other either directly or via angles and / or flat bars. The actual connection is usually achieved by welding them together.

[0007] Due to the manufacturing process, sawn components typically exhibit tolerances. Because of this, and due to the required dimensional accuracy, the components of lifting slings and / or push skids must first be positioned relative to each other using a complex jig before they can be joined. This process involves inserting and aligning the components, fixing them to each other with small spot welds or tack welds, followed by an initial inspection measurement before the components can be welded together. Tolerances are compensated for by shimming, for example with shims, grinding, and / or by using welds that span gaps and are therefore thicker. Subsequently, the welded assembly requires further measurement, at the end of which it usually needs to be adjusted to achieve the required dimensional accuracy.Finally, the stresses introduced into the structure by welding must be at least reduced through heat treatment. This manufacturing method requires a lot of time and material, resulting in a correspondingly high cost and weight.

[0008] From EP 3 725 653 Bl, a shear skid composed of several components is known, which has structural profiles. As an alternative to the otherwise common welding, the components are screwed together via their structural profiles.

[0009] By eliminating the need to weld individual components, the stresses caused by heat input within the finished structure can be largely avoided. Furthermore, the bolted connections offer a potential material mix for the individual components, thus reducing the overall weight of the structure. The need for additional structural profiles necessitates additional material and manufacturing time, which in turn increases both weight and costs. While the proposed profiles made of extruded aluminum or composite materials can reduce the overall weight of the structure, they are comparatively expensive.Furthermore, the components to be joined and cut to length are still subject to manufacturing tolerances, meaning their relative positioning must also be adjusted using a gauge and / or precise intermediate measurements to achieve the required dimensional accuracy of the finished construction. While CNC-controlled cutting can contribute to higher dimensional accuracy, it requires additional manufacturing steps, which can result in more time and higher costs.

[0010] THE INVENTION

[0011] Against this background, the present invention is based on the objective of further developing a method for manufacturing, in particular the supporting structure of a lifting sling or push skid, as well as the lifting sling or push skid manufactured in this way, in such a way that these can be manufactured more cost-effectively overall.

[0012] This problem is solved by a method with the features of claim 1 and a lifting suspension or push skid with the features of claim 13. Advantageous further developments are the subject of the respective dependent claims 2 to 12 and 14 and 15.

[0013] Within the scope of the invention, a lifting suspension or a sliding skid is understood to mean its respective supporting structure, in particular its load-bearing structure. This refers at least to its frame, which is composed of several components and is particularly relevant from a static point of view. The frame can, for example, have at least one longitudinal beam, one crossbeam, and / or one diagonal. Furthermore, the frame can have additional components which, for example, serve to maintain the required dimensions and / or to form contact surfaces in order to, for example, mount and / or fix an engine or a vehicle body on it.The individually possible additional equipment with electronic or electrical components as well as contacts, covers, linings, traction elements, drives, chassis or lifting tables – to name only an exemplary, non-exhaustive list – can of course be part of the lifting suspension or push skid according to the invention without thereby departing from the scope of the invention. At least some of this possible additional equipment of the lifting suspension or push skid can be connected to the supporting structure, in particular the supporting structure, at least partially in a conventional manner and / or based on the method according to the invention.

[0014] According to a first embodiment of the invention, it proposes that at least two of the components to be connected, at least partially, have corresponding positioning contours. This allows one of these components to be aligned with the other component by first bringing their positioning contours close to each other and then at least partially or completely engaging with each other. The relative alignment of both components with each other can be achieved directly or by incorporating at least one further component.

[0015] The resulting advantage lies primarily in the precisely defined position of the component areas to be joined, which is determined solely by their positioning contours. Deviations that could compromise the dimensional accuracy of the overall construction are therefore no longer possible. Simultaneously, the components are correctly aligned relative to each other via their positioning contours, which are at least partially or fully engaged, thus eliminating the need for a complex jig to align them. In other words, the positioning contours of the components form an internal jig for the entire construction, and any deviations in the alignment and position of the individual components relative to each other remain within the permissible range.

[0016] According to a second embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that at least one of the components is laser-cut from a semi-finished product before being joined with at least one other component and is subsequently or previously at least partially reshaped.

[0017] The resulting advantage lies primarily in the high manufacturing precision of the individual components. Laser cutting is possible for both flat semi-finished products, such as sheet metal, and hollow profiles, such as tubes, for example, in the form of round and / or square tubes. Components laser-cut and formed from flat semi-finished products, in particular, exhibit not only high dimensional accuracy but also a comparatively low weight. Compared to semi-finished products requiring machining, significantly less material, time, and energy are needed to achieve the desired shape and size of the respective component. This allows for particularly high accuracy in the repeated production of individual components, especially in series production.

[0018] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the second measure according to the invention, at least two of the components to be connected, at least partially, can have corresponding positioning contours. This allows one of these components to be aligned with the other component by first bringing their positioning contours close to each other and then engaging them, at least partially or completely. The relative alignment of both components can be achieved directly or by incorporating at least one further component.

[0019] The resulting advantage lies primarily in the precisely defined position of the component areas to be joined, which is determined solely by their positioning contours. In particular, the positioning contour of a component, also laser-cut from the semi-finished product, ensures a precise design. Deviations from the position of the component areas to be joined, as defined by the positioning contour, which would compromise the dimensional accuracy of the overall construction, are therefore no longer possible. Simultaneously, the components are aligned with exceptional accuracy via their positioning contours, which engage at least partially or completely, thus eliminating the need for a complex jig for alignment.In other words, the fiber-reinforced positioning contours of the components form an internal gauge for the overall construction, the possible deviations of which in the alignment and position of their individual components relative to each other lie within the permissible range.

[0020] According to a particularly preferred further development of the first design of measures according to the invention, at least one of the components can be fiberized and subsequently or at least partially reshaped before being joined with at least one other component made from a semi-finished product.

[0021] The resulting advantage lies primarily in the high manufacturing accuracy of individual components. Laser cutting is possible for both flat semi-finished products, such as sheets, and hollow profiles, such as tubes, for example, in the form of round and / or square tubes. Components formed from a single sheet of fibers, in particular, exhibit not only high dimensional accuracy but also a comparatively low weight. Compared to semi-finished products requiring machining, significantly less material, time, and energy are needed to achieve the desired shape and size of each component. This allows for particularly high accuracy in the repeated production of individual components, especially in series production.

[0022] Overall, by combining components laser-cut from a semi-finished product and subsequently or previously at least partially reshaped, and by forming positioning contours on these components also by laser cutting, a low weight for the overall construction can be achieved, which requires little material and enables rapid manufacturing and assembly of its components with high dimensional accuracy, resulting in correspondingly low costs and a careful use of resources.

[0023] The invention basically provides that at least two of the components can be connected to each other, at least partially, in at least one of the following ways or by a combination of at least two of these ways:

[0024] - material bond, in particular by gluing and / or welding and / or soldering; force bond, in particular by screwing and / or riveting and / or clamping and / or clamping; form bond, in particular by interlocking. Especially in the case of a material bond between two components by welding, the arrangement of positioning contours offers the advantage that the weld seams can be correspondingly small due to the high dimensional accuracy of the at least partially interlocking positioning contours and the resulting precise alignment of the components relative to each other. Any purely gap-bridging, in particular multi-layered weld seam thicknesses are not necessary in this case. In this way, the heat input from welding, which leads to stresses in the overall structure, is reduced to a minimum, resulting in significantly less distortion of the individual components.Ideally, this eliminates the need for time-consuming straightening and / or stress-free heating of the entire structure.

[0025] According to a generally preferred embodiment of the invention, at least two of the components can be connected to each other only for the purpose of fixing their position relative to one another. This means that their connection is only formed to the extent that the position of the components relative to each other is secured, while the forces occurring during operation are transmitted exclusively or at least to a partial, preferably predominant, extent by the, in particular force-fit, interlocking of the positioning contours arranged on the connected components between them.In this way, for example, the connection created by gluing and / or welding and / or soldering and / or screwing and / or riveting and / or clamping and / or tensioning has only or predominantly a position-securing effect, while the force transmission is carried out entirely or at least predominantly by the positioning contours of the components, which interlock in particular in a form-fitting manner.

[0026] If the components to be joined each have a positioning contour, it is considered advantageous that the corresponding positioning contours of two components can engage with each other by being inserted or / and pushed into one another, in particular at least partially or completely. This allows the components to be easily brought close together for subsequent joining. Depending on the arrangement and design of the positioning contours on the components, the direction of insertion or / and pushing into one another can be longitudinal, in particular along the positioning contours, or perpendicular to them.

[0027] If the components to be joined are each laser-cut from a semi-finished product, it is considered advantageous if at least one of the components can be formed by folding and / or bending. These types of forming are simple and can be carried out in a very short time. The forming can be done, for example, freehand or by embossing or folding. Of course, a more complex three-dimensional forming of the respective semi-finished product is also conceivable, which requires a correspondingly prefabricated die, in particular with a die, into which the semi-finished product is pressed, at least partially, with a punch.

[0028] If the components to be joined are each laser-cut from a semi-finished product, the invention provides that the semi-finished product of at least one of the components can be laser-cut and / or formed based on a prior FEM calculation. Preferably, the FEM calculation can be performed taking into account the expected loads on the component. In this way, optimization can be achieved, particularly with regard to the dimensioning and / or increasing the section modulus of the component through its cross-sectional shape in relation to the load acting on the component in service, in order to manufacture it with preferably the least possible amount of material.

[0029] If the components to be joined are each laser-cut from a semi-finished product, the invention provides that the material thickness of the semi-finished product of at least one of the components can be selected based on a prior FEM calculation. Preferably, the FEM calculation can be performed taking into account the expected loads on the component. In this way, optimization of the component's material thickness can be achieved in relation to the load acting on the component during use, in order to manufacture it with preferably the least possible amount of material. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is generally provided that at least one of the components can have at least one opening, in particular a through-hole with an internal thread, wherein the internal thread is formed directly into the component's material, in particular without machining.Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the internal thread can be formed in a previously arranged passage in the opening, particularly without the use of chips.

[0030] Of course, the internal thread can also be cut into the opening, particularly by machining. Preferably, the internal thread can be formed without machining within the same device in which the semi-finished product is formed. It is conceivable that the semi-finished product is not laser-cut, but rather cut and formed in a punching machine. The internal thread can then be formed within the punching machine.

[0031] Provided that the components to be joined each have a positioning contour, it is considered advantageous that the components, which are at least partially engaged via their positioning contours and are otherwise freely arranged, can be joined together, particularly without the need for jigs. The arrangement of the components to be joined can preferably take place, for example, on an assembly or welding table. In any case, the invention does not require a complex device—which is sometimes necessary—with which the individual components must be aligned relative to one another. Rather, the interlocking positioning contours of the components to be joined are sufficient to align them relative to one another and as a whole.

[0032] The inventive method now presented enables the overall extremely cost-effective production of a lifting suspension or push skid, in particular its supporting structure. By arranging positioning contours on the components to be joined, precise alignment can be achieved within a very short time and with minimal effort, without requiring an additional device in the form of a complex jig and / or extensive measurements. Laser cutting and forming a component from a semi-finished product enables high dimensional accuracy with minimal material usage and correspondingly low weight.By combining laser-cut and formed components from a semi-finished product with positioning contours arranged or formed on these components, a lifting suspension or shear skid, in particular its supporting structure, can be manufactured within a very short time with minimal effort, resulting in a product that is lightweight and cost-effective overall.

[0033] Furthermore, the invention relates to a lifting suspension or push skid made of individual interconnected components, in particular comprising a support structure which was manufactured using the inventive method described in more detail above. The advantages resulting therefrom have already been explained in more detail in connection with the inventive method, so that, to avoid repetition, reference is made here to the corresponding explanations.

[0034] The invention provides that the positioning contour of a first component can have at least one recess and a part of the positioning contour of a second component corresponding to this recess can have at least one section or projection, in particular shaped to fit this recess, which is then arranged at least partially within the recess of the positioning contour of the first component.

[0035] The resulting advantage lies in the fact that the projection of the positioning contour of the second component, which is at least partially located within the recess of the positioning contour of the first component, ensures an exact alignment of the second component with the first component, resulting in high dimensional accuracy, particularly of the supporting structure of the lifting suspension or shear skid.

[0036] In principle, the positioning contours of at least two interconnected components can be designed such that their positioning contours, which are at least partially in engagement with each other, exhibit, in particular, at least partially, backlash-free contact with one another. This creates a force-transmitting connection between two components solely through the interlocking of their positioning contours, which, alone or together with a connection that essentially only secures the position – established, for example, by welding, gluing, screwing, clamping, and / or tensioning – provides sufficient strength, especially for the supporting structure of the lifting suspension or push skid.

[0037] The invention provides that at least two of the components are made of, or can be made of, different materials. A combination of different types of steel and / or aluminum and / or magnesium and / or plastic and / or glass fiber composite and / or natural material is conceivable, to name only a non-exhaustive list of possible materials. In particular, by arranging or forming positioning contours on the individual components, it is possible to align them with one another via these contours, with the actual connection being formed, for example, by bonding and / or screwing.

[0038] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING ILLUSTRATION

[0039] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawings. Figure 1 shows a section of a push skid, produced in particular according to the inventive method, in a perspective view.

[0040] Fig. 2 shows a section of the push skid from Fig. 1 as an exploded view in the same manner and

[0041] Fig. 3 shows a detail section from the area of ​​the push skid shown as an exploded view in Fig. 3.

[0042] 2 in the same way.

[0043] BEST WAY TO IMPLEMENT THE INVENTION

[0044] Fig. 1 shows a section, in particular of the support structure 2, of a push skid 1 according to the invention in a perspective view. The following descriptions apply analogously to a lifting suspension according to the invention (not shown), in particular its support structure, so that the term push skid 1 can be replaced by lifting suspension.

[0045] The shear skid 1 comprises a supporting structure 2 made up of individual interconnected components 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c (see also Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). The parallel components 3a, 3b serve as longitudinal beams, which are connected to each other via the crossbeams 4a-4c, also spaced parallel to each other. For a more detailed description, please refer to Fig. 2.

[0046] Fig. 2 shows a slightly larger section of the push skid 1 from Fig. 1 as an exploded view in the otherwise identical perspective view. The composition of the supporting structure 2 is clearer due to the separation of components 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c. All components 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c are, in this case purely as examples, elements laser-cut from a flat semi-finished product, in particular sheet metal, and subsequently or at least partially formed. The semi-finished product of the components 3a, 3b, which function as longitudinal beams, was reshaped into a C- or U-shaped cross-section and has various openings 10, which were introduced into it by means of lasers before or after reshaping. Specifically, the C- or U-shaped cross-section of the two components 3a, 3b has two parallel legs 3.1a, 3.2a; 3.1b, 3.2b and a web 3.3a, 3.3b connecting the legs 3.1a, 3.2a; 3.1b, 3.2b, the individual openings 10 being arranged here purely as examples within the web. The semi-finished product of the components 4a-4c, which function as crossbeams, was also each formed into a C- or U-shaped cross-section with two legs 4.1a, 4.2a; 4.1b, 4.2b; 4.1c, 4.2c running parallel to each other and spaced apart, and a web 4.3a-4.3c connecting the legs 4.1a, 4.2a; 4.1b, 4.2b; 4.1c, 4.2c, as well as a web 4.3a-4.3c connecting the legs 4.1a, 4.2a; 4.1b, 4.2b; 4.1c, 4.2c, also connecting the head plate 4.4a-4.4c, the shape of the respective semi-finished product was cut by laser so that the end sections of the legs 4.1a, 4.2a; 4.1b, 4.2b; 4.1c, 4.2c project beyond the connecting web 4.3a-4.3c in the longitudinal direction of the respective component 4a-4c. For a more detailed description, see Fig.3 referred.

[0047] Fig. 3 shows a detail section of the section of the supporting structure 2 of the shear skid 1 shown in Fig. 2. In this illustration, two of the components 8a and 9a, located between the components 3a and 3b, which function as longitudinal beams, and the components 4a-4c, which function as transverse beams, are particularly visible. Component 8a, located on the left with reference to the illustration in Fig. 3, is based on a semi-finished product that is essentially laser-cut in a simple H-shape, while component 9a, located on the right, is based on a semi-finished product that is essentially laser-cut in a double H-shape. Due to their C- or U-shaped cross-section, the component 8a on the right has two parallel and spaced-apart legs 8.1a, 8.2a, while the component 9a on the left has one continuous leg 9.1a and two parallel and spaced-apart legs 9.2a, 9.3a. The component 8a on the left comprises one of its two legs 8.1a, 8.2a connecting web 8.3a, while the component 9a on the right has a total of two webs 9.4a, 9.5a spaced parallel to each other, of which one web 9.4a connects the leg 9.2a with the continuous leg 9.1a, while the other web 9.5a connects the leg 9.3a with the continuous leg 9.1a.

[0048] In the end sections of the two legs 4.1a, 4.2a; 4.1b, 4.2b; 4.1c, 4.2c of the components 4a-4c, which function as crossbeams, a positioning contour 11 with a slot-shaped recess 12 is clearly visible, specifically laser-cut. Looking at component 3a, which also functions as a longitudinal beam and is also visible in the detailed view, it becomes clear that it also has positioning contours 11, each of which includes an essentially triangular recess 12 formed in the two legs 3.1a, 3.2a. In contrast, components 8a, 9a each also have at least one positioning contour 11, each of which has a projection 13. The respective recess 12 and the corresponding projection 13 are clearly fitted together. This also applies to the features on the legs 4.1a, 4.2a; 4.1b, 4.2b; 4.1c, 4.2c the recesses 12 located in the structural components 4a-4c, which function as crossbeams, are shaped to fit the thickness of a section 14 of the structural components 8a, 8b; 9a-9d.

[0049] To connect, for example, component 4b, which functions as a crossbeam, with component 9a, their positioning contours 11 are brought close together until they engage with each other. Specifically, the section 14 of component 9a is inserted or plugged into the two slot-shaped recesses 12 of the positioning contour 11 formed on component 4b, which functions as a crossbeam, until it makes contact with the respective end of the two recesses 12. In this case, and purely by way of example, component 9a is thus aligned exactly at a right angle to the longitudinal direction of component 4b, which functions as a crossbeam.Subsequently, the two components 4b, 9a, together with the positioning contour 11 arranged on component 9a, are brought close to the corresponding recess 12 of the positioning contour 11 formed on component 3a, which functions as a longitudinal beam, until the projection 13 of the positioning contour 11 of component 9a engages, in particular completely, in the recess 12 of the positioning contour 11 of component 3a, which is arranged on the upper leg 3.1a with reference to the illustration in Fig. 3. Simultaneously, a projection 13 of the positioning contour 11 formed at the end of the web 4.3b of component 4b, which functions as a crossbeam, engages in the recess 12 of the positioning contour 11 of component 3a, which is arranged on the lower leg 3 with reference to the illustration in Fig. 3. 2a of the component 3a acting as a longitudinal beam, the positioning contour 11 is arranged as can be clearly seen in Fig. 1.In this way, the position of component 4b, which functions as a crossbeam, along component 3a, which functions as a longitudinal beam, is precisely defined. Component 4b, which functions as a crossbeam, is shown and, purely by way of example, is also aligned exactly at a right angle to the longitudinal direction of component 3a, which functions as a longitudinal beam, via the continuous leg 9.1a of component 9a.

[0050] Upon closer inspection, further positioning contours 11 are found on the individual components 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c, by means of which two of the components 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c can be positioned and aligned with each other in the same or a similar manner. By way of example, the projections 13 of the positioning contours 11 arranged on component 6b are noted, which, in the intended position of this component 6b within the supporting structure 2, engage in the recesses 12 of the legs 3. 1a, 3 . 2a of the component 3a functioning as a longitudinal beam, and into the recesses 12 of the positioning contours 11 formed on the legs 8 . 1a, 8 . 2a ; 9 . 1a, 9 . 2a of the components 8a , 9a, engage as shown in Fig. 1 .

[0051] After aligning the individual components 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c, preferably on an assembly or welding table not shown in detail here, they are joined together by at least partial interlocking of their respective positioning contours 11, whereby the connection can be materially interlocking and / or force-fit and / or form-fit. In particular, components made of or having different materials can be joined together by means of a connection established, for example, by gluing and / or screwing and / or riveting and / or clamping and / or interlocking.Depending on the design of the positioning contours 11, the connection of individual components 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c can only serve to fix their position relative to each other, while the actual force transmission between these components 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c is effected by the positioning contours 11 themselves. For this purpose, the positioning contours 11 of the components 3a, 3b; 4a-4c thus connected can...

[0052] 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c shall be designed in such a way that there is a backlash-free contact between these components 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c.

[0053] In principle, the respective component can be determined based on, in particular, the expected loads on the component.

[0054] 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c taking into account FEM calculations, which form the basis for the fiberized shape and forming of the underlying semi-finished product, preferably also for the selection of its material thickness.

[0055] Reference symbol:

[0056] 1 - Push skid

[0057] 2 - Supporting structure of 1

[0058] 3a - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0059] 3.1a - Leg of 3a

[0060] 3.2a - Leg of 3a

[0061] 3.3a ​​- Bridge from 3a

[0062] 3b - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0063] 3.1b - Leg of 3b

[0064] 3.2b - Leg of 3b

[0065] 3.3b - Bridge from 3b

[0066] 4a - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0067] 4.1a - Leg of 4a

[0068] 4.2a - Leg of 4a

[0069] 4.3a - Bridge from 4a

[0070] 4.4a - Head plate of 4a

[0071] 4b - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0072] 4.1b - Leg of 4b

[0073] 4.2b - Leg of 4b

[0074] 4.3b - Bridge from 4b

[0075] 4.4b - Head plate of 4a

[0076] 4c - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0077] 4.1c - Leg of 4c

[0078] 4.2c - Leg of 4c

[0079] 4.3c - Bridge from 4c

[0080] 4.4c - Head plate of 4a

[0081] 5a - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0082] 5b - Component of 2 and / or 1 5c - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0083] 6a - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0084] 6b - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0085] 7a - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0086] 7b - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0087] 8a - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0088] 8.1a - Leg of 8a

[0089] 8.2a - Leg of 8a

[0090] 8.3a - Bridge from 8a

[0091] 8b - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0092] 8.1b - Leg of 8b

[0093] 8.2b - Leg of 8b

[0094] 8.3b - Bridge from 8b

[0095] 9a - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0096] 9.1a - Leg of 9a

[0097] 9.2a - Leg of 9a

[0098] 9.3a - Leg of 9a

[0099] 9.4a - Bridge from 9a

[0100] 9.5a - Bridge from 9a

[0101] 9b - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0102] 9.1b - Leg of 9b

[0103] 9.2b - Leg of 9b

[0104] 9.3b - Leg of 9b

[0105] 9.4b - Bridge from 9b

[0106] 9.5b - Bridge from 9b

[0107] 9c - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0108] 9.1c - Leg of 9c

[0109] 9.2c - Leg of 9c

[0110] 9.3c - Leg of 9c

[0111] 9.4c - Bridge from 9c 9.5c - Bridge from 9c

[0112] 9d - Component of 2 and / or 1

[0113] 9.1d - Leg of 9d

[0114] 9.2d - Leg of 9d 9.3d - Leg of 9d

[0115] 9.4d - Bridge from 9d

[0116] 9.5d - Bridge from 9d

[0117] 10 - opening in 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c 11 positioning contour at 3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b;

[0118] 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a- 9c

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS:

1. Method for manufacturing, in particular, the supporting structure (2), a lifting suspension or a shear skid (1) from individual components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c), wherein two of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) are at least partially connected to one another, characterized in that at least two of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) have mutually corresponding positioning contours (11), wherein one of these components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) in particular directly or by incorporating at least one further component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) , on which or on another component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) can be aligned by bringing their positioning contours (11) closer together and engaging at least partially or completely with each other.

2. Method for manufacturing, in particular, the supporting structure (2), a lifting suspension or a shear skid (1) from individual components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c), wherein two of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) are at least partially connected to each other, characterized in that at least one of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) is laser-cut from a semi-finished product, in particular sheet metal, before being joined with at least one other component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) and is subsequently or previously at least partially formed.

3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that at least two of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) have mutually corresponding positioning contours (11), wherein one of these components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) is attached, in particular directly or by incorporating at least one further component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c), to which or to another component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) can be aligned by bringing their positioning contours (11) closer together and engaging at least partially or completely with each other.

4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) is made from a material before being connected to at least one other component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c). Semi-finished products, especially sheet metal, are laser-cut and subsequently or at least partially reshaped beforehand.

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) are connected to each other at least partially in at least one of the following ways or by a combination of at least two of these ways: by material connection, in particular by gluing and / or welding and / or soldering; by friction connection, in particular by screwing and / or riveting and / or clamping and / or clamping; by form connection, in particular by inserting into one another.

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) are connected to each other only for the purpose of fixing their position relative to each other.

7. Method according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 6, characterized in that the corresponding positioning contours (11) of two components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) engage with each other by These, in particular, are at least partially or completely inserted into one another or / and pushed into one another.

8. Method according to one of claims 2 and 3 as well as 5 to 7, characterized in that at least one of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) is formed by folding and / or bending, 9. Method according to one of claims 2 and 3 as well as 5 to 8, characterized in that the semi-finished product of at least one of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) is laser-cut and / or formed on the basis of a prior FEM calculation which takes into account, in particular, the expected loads of the component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c).

10. Method according to one of claims 2 and 3 as well as 5 to 9, characterized in that the material thickness of the semi-finished product of at least one of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) is selected on the basis of a prior FEM calculation which takes into account, in particular, the expected loads of the component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c).

11. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) has at least one opening (10) with an internal thread, wherein the internal thread is formed either directly into the material of the component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) or into a previously arranged passage in the opening, in particular without machining.

12. Method according to one of claims 1 or 3 to 11, characterized in that the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) which are at least partially engaged via their position contours (11) and are otherwise freely arranged, preferably on an assembly or welding table, are connected to each other, in particular without a jig.

13. Lifting suspension or push skid (1), in particular comprising a support structure, made of individual interconnected components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c), manufactured by a method according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 12, characterized in that the positioning contour (11) of a first component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) has at least one recess (12) and a part of the positioning contour (11) of a second component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) has at least one section (14) or projection (13) that is shaped to fit this recess (12) and is arranged at least partially within the recess (12) of the position contour (11) of the first component (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c).

14. Lifting suspension or sliding skid (1), in particular comprising a support structure (2), made of individual interconnected components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c), manufactured by a method according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 12 or lifting suspension or sliding skid (1) according to claim 13, characterized by a design of the positioning contours (11) of at least two interconnected components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) such that their positioning contours (11), which are at least partially in engagement with each other, in particular have a backlash-free contact with each other at least in certain areas.

15. Lifting sling or push skid (1), in particular comprising a support structure (2), made of individual interconnected components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c), manufactured by a method according to one of claims 1 to 12 or lifting sling or push skid (1) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that that at least two of the components (3a, 3b; 4a-4c; 5a-5c; 6a, 6b; 7a, 7b; 8a, 8b; 9a-9c) consist of or exhibit a different material.

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