Combination treatments
The sequential administration of siRNA and antisense oligonucleotides provides a novel and effective treatment for HBV infection, overcoming resistance issues in existing therapies by significantly reducing HBV markers, despite initial pharmacokinetic expectations of reduced combined exposure.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/096518
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-05-22
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-27
AI Technical Summary
Current therapies for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, such as nucleoside and nucleotide treatments, face limitations in efficacy due to resistance emergence and low rates of HBeAg seroconversion and HBsAg loss, necessitating the development of new treatments to reduce viral load and transmission risk.
A combination treatment approach involving sequential administration of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and antisense oligonucleotides specific for HBV targets, with siRNA administered before the antisense oligonucleotide, to effectively reduce HBV infection markers.
The sequential administration of siRNA followed by antisense oligonucleotide significantly reduces HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA levels in HBV-infected subjects, demonstrating surprising effectiveness compared to concurrent or alternative delivery methods.
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Figure PCTCN2025096518-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
COMBINATION TREATMENTSRELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the priority and benefit of International Application No. PCT / CN2024 / 094755, filed on May 22, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein in their entirety. REFERENCE TO AN ELECTRONIC SEQUENCE LISTING
[0002] The contents of the electronic sequence listing (AUSB_008_01WO_SeqList_ST26. xml; Size: 6,717,107 bytes; and Date of Creation: May 20, 2025) are herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.BACKGROUND
[0003] Hepatitis B is a viral disease transmitted parenterally by contaminated material such as blood and blood products, contaminated needles, sexually and vertically from infected or carrier mothers to their offspring. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 254 million people were living with chronic hepatitis B infection in 2022, with 1.2 million new infections each year. In 2022, hepatitis B resulted in an estimated 1.1 million deaths, mostly from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (primary liver cancer) (world wide web: who. int / news-room / fact-sheets / detail / hepatitis-b) . Thus new anti-HBV therapies, including therapies capable of treating chronic HBV, are needed to reduce the risk of HBV-related conditions including liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) , as well as to reduce the risk of vertical and horizontal transmission, improve quality of life, and reduce healthcare costs.
[0004] Currently the recommended therapies for chronic HBV infection by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) include interferon alpha (INFa) , pegylated interferon alpha-2a (Peg-IFN2a) , entecavir, and tenofovir (Terrault, Norah A. et al. Clinical Liver Disease 12 (1) : p 33-34, July 2018) The nucleoside and nucleotide therapies, entecavir and tenofovir, are successful at reducing viral load, but the rates of HBeAg seroconversion and HBsAg loss are even lower than those obtained using IFNa therapy. Other similar therapies, including lamivudine (3TC) , telbivudine (LdT) , and adefovir are also used, but for nucleoside / nucleotide therapies in general, the emergence of resistance limits therapeutic efficacy. Thus, there is a need in the art to discover and develop new treatments for HBV infection. Provided herein are compositions, methods and kits that address this need.SUMMARY
[0005] In one aspect, provided herein is a method of treating a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for an HBV target, and an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target. In some embodiments, a first dose of the siRNA is administered before a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0006] In another aspect, provided herein is a method of treating a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for an HBV target, and a nucleic acid polymer.
[0007] In some embodiments, the siRNA is selected from the group consisting of JNJ-3989 (ARO-HBV, Daplusiran, Tomligisiran) , Vir-2218 (BRII-835, Elebsiran) , AB-729 (Imdusiran) , Xalnesiran (RG6346, DCR HBVS, RO7445482) , RBD1016 (SR016) , ALG-125755, HT-101, TQA3038, HRS-5635, BB-103, OLX703A, STP155G, KW-040, ALG-072571, STSG-0002, and BW-20507.
[0008] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is a modified antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is selected from the group consisting ofAHB-137, GSK3228836, GSK3389404, ALG-020572, ALG-020576, ALG-021682, ALG-021639, and ALG-021618, or an antisense oligonucleotide comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.
[0009] In another aspect, also provided herein is a kit comprising an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target.
[0010] In another aspect, also provided herein is a kit comprising a nucleic acid polymer and an siRNA specific for an HBV target.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] FIG. 1 shows a graph depicting the effect of the antisense oligonucleotide AUS 1493 and / or the siRNA-R2 on hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in adeno-associated virus-hepatitis B virus (AAV-HBV) transfected mice. As described in Example 1, 40 mg / kg AUS 1493 (referred to as “A1” in the figures) and / or 3 mg / kg siRNA-R2 were administered to mice according to the dosing schedule shown below the graph. Saline was administered as a control. The x-axis shows days following the beginning of treatment, and arrows along the x-axis show the days that AUS 1493 and / or siRNA were administered to the mice. The y-axis shows mean Log10-transformed HBsAg reduction relative to the saline-treated control, ± standard deviation.
[0012] FIG. 2 shows a graph depicting the effect of AUS1493 and / or the siRNA-R1 on HBsAg levels in AAV-HBV transfected mice. As described in Example 1, 40 mg / kg AUS1493 and / or 3 mg / kg siRNA-R1 were administered to mice according to the dosing schedule shown below the graph. Saline was administered as a control. The x-axis shows days following the beginning of treatment, and arrows along the x-axis show the days that AUS1493 and / or siRNA were administered to the mice. The y-axis shows mean Log10-transformed HBsAg reduction relative to the saline-treated control, ± standard deviation.
[0013] FIG. 3 shows a graph depicting the effect of AUS 1493 and / or siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 on HBsAg levels in AAV-HBV transfected mice. As described in Example 2, 40 mg / kg AUS1493 and / or 3 mg / kg siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 were administered to mice according to the dosing schedule shown below the graph. Saline was administered as a control. The x-axis shows days following the beginning of treatment, and arrows along the x-axis show the days that AUS1493 and / or siRNA were administered to the mice. The y-axis shows mean Log10-transformed HBsAg reduction relative to the saline-treated control, ± standard deviation.
[0014] FIG. 4 shows a graph depicting the effect of AUS 1493 and / or siRNA-R2 administration on HBsAg levels in AAV-HBV transfected mice. As described in Example 3, 40 mg / kg AUS1493 and / or 3 mg / kg siRNA-R2 were administered to mice according to the dosing schedule shown below the graph. Saline was administered as a control. The x-axis shows days following the beginning of treatment, and arrows along the x-axis show the days that AUS1493 and / or siRNA were administered to the mice. The y-axis shows mean Log10-transformed HBsAg reduction relative to the saline-treated control, ± standard deviation.
[0015] FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 provide exemplary antisense oligonucleotide sequences for use in the methods of the disclosure. FIG. 5 provides a legend for the nucleoside modifications at each position of the antisense oligonucleotide sequences shown in FIG. 6. The column “Examples” describes each type of nucleoside modification.
[0016] FIG. 6 shows a table of exemplary antisense oligonucleotides of the disclosure. The modifications at each position of the antisense oligonucleotide sequences are read using the legend in FIG. 5. AUS1233 to AUS1714 (SEQ ID NOS: 10-666) represent the antisense oligonucleotide sequences.
[0017] FIG. 7 shows a graph depicting the effect of the antisense oligonucleotide AUS1233 (referred to as “A2” in the figures) and siRNA-R1 administration on HBsAg levels in AAV-HBV transfected mice. As described in Example 4, 40 mg / kg AUS1233 and / or 3 mg / kg siRNA-R1 were administered to mice according to the dosing schedule shown below the graph. Saline was administered as a control. The x-axis shows days following the beginning of treatment, and arrows along the x-axis show the days that AUS 1233 and / or siRNA were administered to the mice. The y-axis shows HBsAg levels (IU / mL) .
[0018] FIG. 8 shows a graph depicting the effect of AUS1233 and siRNA-R2 administration on HBsAg levels in AAV-HBV mice. As described in Example 4, 40 mg / kg AUS1233 and / or 3 mg / kg siRNA-R2 were administered to mice according to the dosing schedule shown below the graph. Saline was administered as a control. The x-axis shows days following the beginning of treatment, and arrows along the x-axis show the days that AUS1233 and / or siRNA were administered to the mice. The y-axis shows HBsAg levels (IU / mL) .
[0019] FIG. 9 shows a graph showing the effect of AUS1493 and siRNA-R1 administration on HBsAg levels in AAV-HBV mice. As described in Example 5, 40 mg / kg AUS1493 and / or 3 mg / kg siRNA-R1 were administered to mice according to the dosing schedule shown below the graph. Saline was administered as a control. The x-axis shows days following the beginning of treatment, and arrows along the x-axis show the days that AUS 1493 and / or siRNA were administered to the mice. The y-axis shows HBsAg levels (IU / mL) .DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] Provided herein are methods of treating an HBV infection. The method involves administering to a subject an siRNA specific for an HBV target and an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target. In some embodiments, the methods described herein are capable of reducing HBV DNA, HBV mRNA, and HBV protein levels in the subject.
[0021] The present disclosure describes treatments for HBV infections that combine antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and siRNAs. The inventors of present disclosure demonstrate that sequentially administering siRNA and antisense oligonucleotides is very effective at reducing HBV infection. Such effects with sequential administration were surprising. Without being bound to theory or mechanism, on the basis ofpharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, one would have expected that it would be more effective to administer an siRNA and antisense oligonucleotide concurrently or during overlapping periods of time to maximize the periods of time when the exposure of both drugs is high, and thereby enhance the overall pharmacological effects. It would have been expected that administering an siRNA and antisense oligonucleotide sequentially would have been less effective because there would have been less opportunity for a high level of combined exposure. Unexpectedly, as described in the present application, antisense oligonucleotides administered sequentially with siRNAs were surprisingly effective at reducing HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels in an HBV mouse model, e.g., as exemplified in Examples 1, 3, 4, and 5. Further, as described in Example 1, when exemplary siRNAs were administered to the mice first, followed by administration of an exemplary antisense oligonucleotide of the disclosure, the siRNA-first delivery sequence was more effective than the opposite delivery sequence in which antisense oligonucleotide was administered before siRNA. As described in Example 4, for the combination of siRNA-R1 and AUS1233 too it was more effective to administer the siRNA to the mouse before the antisense oligonucleotide, rather than in the opposite delivery sequence. For the combination of the siRNA-R2 and AUS1233, both sequences of administration were similarly effective. In the experiments described in Example 5, the siRNA-first delivery sequence was more effective than either the opposite delivery sequence in which antisense oligonucleotide was administered to the mouse before siRNA or when siRNA and antisense oligonucleotide were administered together. Accordingly, the present application demonstrates that, contrary to expectations, sequential delivery of antisense oligonucleotide and siRNA can be surprisingly effective for treating an HBV infection. In some embodiments, methods in which a first dose of siRNA is delivered before a first dose of antisense oligonucleotide are particularly effective.
[0022] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed. Herein, the use of the singular includes the plural unless specifically stated otherwise. As used herein, the use of “or” means “and / or” unless stated otherwise. Furthermore, the use of the term “including” as well as other forms, such as “includes” and “included” , is not limiting. Also, terms such as “element” or “component” encompass both elements and components comprising one unit and elements and components that comprise more than one subunit, unless specifically stated otherwise.
[0023] The section headings used herein are for organizational purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the subject matter described. All documents, or portions of documents, cited in this application, including, but not limited to, patents, patent applications, articles, books, and treatises, are hereby expressly incorporated by reference for the portions of the document discussed herein, as well as in their entirety.Definitions
[0024] Unless specific definitions are provided, the nomenclature utilized in connection with, and the procedures and techniques of, analytical chemistry, synthetic organic chemistry, and medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry described herein are those well-known and commonly used in the art. Standard techniques may be used for chemical synthesis, and chemical analysis. Where permitted, all patents, applications, published applications and other publications, GENBANK Accession Numbers and associated sequence information obtainable through databases such as National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and other data referred to throughout in the disclosure herein are incorporated by reference for the portions of the document discussed herein, as well as in their entirety.
[0025] Unless otherwise indicated, the following terms have the following meanings:
[0026] “2’-O-methoxyethyl” (also 2’-MOE and 2’-O (CH2) 2-OCH3) refers to an O-methoxy-ethyl modification at the 2’ position of a furanose ring. A 2’-O-methoxyethyl modified sugar is a modified sugar.
[0027] “2’-MOE nucleoside” (also 2’-O-methoxyethyl nucleoside) means a nucleoside comprising a 2’-MOE modified sugar moiety.
[0028] “2’-substituted nucleoside” means a nucleoside comprising a substituent at the 2’-position of the furanosyl ring other than H or OH. In some embodiments, 2’ substituted nucleosides include nucleosides with bicyclic sugar modifications.
[0029] “5-methylcytosine” means a cytosine modified with a methyl group attached to the 5 position. A 5-methylcytosine is a modified nucleobase.
[0030] “About” means within ±10%of a value. For example, if it is stated, “the oligonucleotides affected at least about 70%inhibition of target” , it is implied that the target levels are inhibited within a range of 63%and 77%.
[0031] “Acceptable safety profile” means a pattern of side effects that is within clinically acceptable limits.
[0032] “Active pharmaceutical agent” means the substance or substances in a pharmaceutical composition that provide a therapeutic benefit when administered to an individual.
[0033] “Active target region” means a target region to which one or more active antisense oligonucleotides is targeted. “Active antisense oligonucleotides” means antisense oligonucleotides that affect target nucleic acid levels or protein levels.
[0034] “Administered concomitantly” refers to the co-administration of two agents in any manner in which the two agents are administered to the patient at approximately the same time, e.g., within the same hour. Concomitant administration does not require that both agents be administered in a single pharmaceutical composition, in the same dosage form, or by the same route of administration.
[0035] “Animal” refers to a human or non-human animal, including, but not limited to, mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, cats, pigs, primates, and non-human primates, including, but not limited to, monkeys and chimpanzees.
[0036] “Antibody” refers to a molecule characterized by reacting specifically with an antigen in some way, where the antibody and the antigen are each defined in terms of the other. Antibody may refer to a complete antibody molecule or any fragment or region thereof, such as the heavy chain, the light chain, Fab region, and Fc region.
[0037] “Antisense activity” means any detectable or measurable activity attributable to the hybridization of an antisense oligonucleotide to its target nucleic acid. In some embodiments, antisense activity is a decrease in the amount or expression of a target nucleic acid or protein encoded by such target nucleic acid.
[0038] “Antisense oligonucleotide” or “ASO” means an oligonucleotide that is capable of undergoing hybridization to a target nucleic acid through hydrogen bonding. Examples of antisense oligonucleotides include single-stranded oligonucleotides having a nucleobase sequence that permits hybridization to a corresponding region or segment of a target nucleic acid.
[0039] “Antisense inhibition” means reduction of target nucleic acid levels in the presence of an antisense oligonucleotide complementary to a target nucleic acid compared to target nucleic acid levels in the absence of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0040] “Antisense mechanisms” are all those mechanisms involving hybridization of a oligonucleotide with target nucleic acid, wherein the outcome or effect of the hybridization is either target degradation or target occupancy with concomitant stalling of the cellular machinery involving, for example, transcription or splicing.
[0041] The “area under the curve” or “AUC” is the integral of the concentration of a drug in blood plasma as a function of time. The AUC can be determined for the totality of time for which data is available, for example until the drug is no longer detectable (AUC0-t) , the area under the curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUC0-inf) , or for a particular truncated window of time, for example 24 hours after administration (AUC0-24) .
[0042] “Base complementarity” refers to the capacity for the precise base pairing of nucleobases of an antisense oligonucleotide with corresponding nucleobases in a target nucleic acid (i.e., hybridization) , and is mediated by Watson-Crick, Hoogsteen or reversed Hoogsteen hydrogen binding between corresponding nucleobases.
[0043] “Bicyclic sugar” means a furanose ring modified by the bridging of two non-geminal carbon atoms. A bicyclic sugar is a modified sugar.
[0044] “Body weight” refers to an animal’s whole body weight, inclusive of all tissues including adipose tissue.
[0045] “cEt” or “constrained ethyl” means a bicyclic sugar moiety comprising a bridge connecting the 4’-carbon and the 2’-carbon, wherein the bridge has the formula: 4’-CH (CH3) -O-2’.
[0046] “Constrained ethyl nucleoside” (also cEt nucleoside) means a nucleoside comprising a bicyclic sugar moiety comprising a 4’-CH (CH3) -O-2’ bridge.
[0047] “Co-administration” means administration of two or more pharmaceutical agents to an individual. The two or more pharmaceutical agents may be in a single pharmaceutical composition, or may be in separate pharmaceutical compositions. Each of the two or more pharmaceutical agents may be administered through the same or different routes of administration. Co-administration encompasses administration in parallel or sequentially.
[0048] “Complementarity” means the capacity for pairing between nucleobases of a first nucleic acid and a second nucleic acid.
[0049] “Diluent” means an ingredient in a composition that lacks pharmacological activity, but is pharmaceutically necessary or desirable. For example, in drugs that are injected, the diluent may be a liquid, e.g. saline solution.
[0050] “Dosage unit” means a form in which a pharmaceutical agent is provided, e.g. pill, tablet, or other dosage unit known in the art.
[0051] “Dose” means a specified quantity of a pharmaceutical agent provided in a single administration, or in a specified time period. In some embodiments, a dose may be administered in two or more boluses, tablets, or injections. For example, In some embodiments, where subcutaneous administration is desired, the desired dose requires a volume not easily accommodated by a single injection. In such embodiments, two or more injections may be used to achieve the desired dose. In some embodiments, a dose may be administered in two or more injections to minimize injection site reaction in an individual. In other embodiments, the pharmaceutical agent is administered by infusion over an extended period of time or continuously. Doses may be stated as the amount of pharmaceutical agent per hour, day, week or month.
[0052] “Dosing regimen” is a combination of doses designed to achieve one or more desired effects.
[0053] “Duration” means the period of time during which an activity or event continues. In some embodiments, the duration of treatment is the period of time during which doses of a pharmaceutical agent are administered.
[0054] “Effective amount” in the context of modulating an activity or of treating a condition means the administration of that amount of active ingredient to a subject in need of such modulation, treatment or prophylaxis, either in a single dose or as part of a series, that is effective for modulation of that effect, or for treatment or prophylaxis or improvement of that condition. The effective amount will vary depending upon the health and physical condition of the subject to be treated, the taxonomic group of subjects to be treated, the formulation of the composition, the assessment of the medical situation, and other relevant factors.
[0055] “Efficacy” means the ability to produce a desired effect.
[0056] “Expression” includes all the functions by which a gene’s coded information is converted into structures present and operating in a cell. Such structures include, but are not limited to the products of transcription and translation.
[0057] The term “fragment, ” as applied to a polynucleotide, will be understood to mean a nucleotide sequence of reduced length relative to a reference nucleic acid or nucleotide sequence and comprising, consisting essentially of, and / or consisting of a nucleotide sequence of contiguous nucleotides identical or almost identical (e.g., 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 92%, 95%, 98%or 99%identical) to the reference nucleic acid or nucleotide sequence. Such a nucleic acid fragment according to the invention may be, where appropriate, included in a larger polynucleotide of which it is a constituent. In some embodiments, such fragments can comprise, consist essentially of, and / or consist of oligonucleotides having a length of at least about 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, or more consecutive nucleotides of a nucleic acid or nucleotide sequence according to the invention.
[0058] “Fully complementary” or “100%complementary” means each nucleobase of a first nucleic acid has a complementary nucleobase in a second nucleic acid. In some embodiments, a first nucleic acid is an antisense oligonucleotide and a target nucleic acid is a second nucleic acid.
[0059] “Hybridization” means the annealing of complementary nucleic acid molecules. In some embodiments, complementary nucleic acid molecules include, but are not limited to, an antisense oligonucleotide and a nucleic acid target. In some embodiments, complementary nucleic acid molecules include, but are not limited to, an antisense oligonucleotide and a nucleic acid target.
[0060] “Immediately adjacent” means there are no intervening elements between the immediately adjacent elements.
[0061] “Individual” means a human or non-human animal selected for treatment or therapy.
[0062] “Individual compliance” means adherence to a recommended or prescribed therapy by an individual.
[0063] “Induce” , “inhibit” , “potentiate” , “elevate” , “increase” , “decrease” or the like, generally denote quantitative differences between two states. Such terms may refer to a statistically significant difference between the two states. Such terms are applied to, for example, levels of expression, and levels of activity. The term “inhibit” or “reduce” or grammatical variations thereof, as used herein, refer to a decrease or diminishment in the specified level or activity of at least about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 25%, about 35%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 75%, about 80%, about 90%, about 95%, about 97%, about 99%, about 99.7%, about 99.9%, about 99.99%or more. In some embodiments, the inhibition or reduction results in little or essentially no detectible activity (at most, an insignificant amount, e.g., less than about 10%or even 5%) .
[0064] “Inhibiting the expression or activity” refers to a reduction, blockade of the expression or activity and does not necessarily indicate a total elimination of expression or activity.
[0065] “Injection site reaction” means inflammation or abnormal redness of skin at a site of injection in an individual.
[0066] “Intraperitoneal administration” means administration through infusion or injection into the peritoneum.
[0067] “Intravenous administration” means administration into a vein.
[0068] “Lengthened” antisense oligonucleotides are those that have one or more additional nucleosides relative to an antisense oligonucleotide disclosed herein.
[0069] “Locked nucleic acid” or “LNA” or “LNA nucleosides” means nucleic acid monomers having a bridge connecting two carbon atoms between the 4’ and 2’ position of the nucleoside sugar unit, thereby forming a bicyclic sugar. Examples of such bicyclic sugar include, but are not limited to A) α-L-Methyleneoxy (4’-CH2-O-2’) LNA; (B) β-D-Methyleneoxy (4’-CH2-O-2’) -LNA; (C) Ethyleneoxy (4’- (CH2) 2-O-2’) LNA; (D) Aminooxy (4’-CH2-O-NI-2’) LNA; and (E) Oxyamino (4’-CH2-NI-O-2’) LNA; as depicted below.
[0070] As used herein, LNA oligonucleotides include, but are not limited to, oligonucleotides having at least one bridge between the 4’ and the 2’ position of the sugar wherein each of the bridges independently comprises 1 or from 2 to 4 linked groups independently selected from- [C (R1) (R2) ] n-, -C (R1) =C (R2) -, -C (R1) =N-, -C (=NR1) -, -C (=O) -, -C (=S) -, -O-, -Si (R1) 2-, -S (=O) x-and -N (R1) -; wherein: x is 0, 1, or 2; n is 1, 2, 3, or 4; each R1 and R2 is, independently, H, a protecting group, hydroxyl, C1-C12 alkyl, substituted C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl, substituted C2-C12 alkenyl, C2-C12 alkynyl, substituted C2-C12 alkynyl, C5-C20 aryl, substituted C5-C20 aryl, a heterocycle radical, a substituted heterocycle radical, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C5-C7 alicyclic radical, substituted C5-C7 alicyclic radical, halogen, OJ1, NJIJ2, SJ1, N3, COOJ1, acyl (C (=O) -H) , substituted acyl, CN, sulfonyl (S (=O) 2-J1) , or sulfoxyl (S (=O) -J1) ; and each J1 and J2 is, independently, H, C1-C12 alkyl, substituted C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl, substituted C2-C12 alkenyl, C2-C12 alkynyl, substituted C2-C12 alkynyl, C5-C20 aryl, substituted C5-C20 aryl, acyl (C (=O) -H) , substituted acyl, a heterocycle radical, a substituted heterocycle radical, C1-C12 aminoalkyl, substituted C1-C12 aminoalkyl or a protecting group.
[0071] Examples of 4’-2’ bridging groups encompassed within the definition of LNA include, but are not limited to one of formulae: -- [C (R1) (R2) ] n-, - [C (R1) (R2) ] n-O-, -C (R1) (R2) -N (R1) -O-or -C (R1) (R2) -O-N (R1) -. Furthermore, other bridging groups encompassed with the definition of LNA are 4’-CH2-2’, 4’- (CH2) 2-2’, 4’- (CH2) 3-2’, 4’-CH2-O-2’, 4’- (CH2) 2-O-2’, 4’-CH2-O-N (R1) -2’ and 4’-CH2-N (R1) -O-2’-bridges, wherein each R1 and R2 is, independently, H, a protecting group or C1-C12 alkyl.
[0072] Also included within the definition of LNA according to the invention are LNAs in which the 2’-hydroxyl group of the ribosyl sugar ring is connected to the 4’ carbon atom of the sugar ring, thereby forming a methyleneoxy (4’-CH2-O-2’) bridge to form the bicyclic sugar moiety. The bridge can also be a methylene (-CH2-) group connecting the 2’ oxygen atom and the 4’ carbon atom, for which the term methyleneoxy (4’-CH2-O-2’) LNA is used. Furthermore, in the case of the bicyclic sugar moiety having an ethylene bridging group in this position, the term ethyleneoxy (4’-CH2CH2-O-2’) LNA is used. A-L-methyleneoxy (4’-CH2-O-2’) , an isomer of methyleneoxy (4’-CH2-O-2’) LNA is also encompassed within the definition of LNA, as used herein.
[0073] “Mismatch” or “non-complementary nucleobase” refers to the case when a nucleobase of a first nucleic acid is not capable of pairing with the corresponding nucleobase of a second or target nucleic acid.
[0074] “Modified internucleoside linkage” refers to a substitution or any change from a naturally occurring internucleoside bond (i.e. a phosphodiester internucleoside bond) .
[0075] “Modified nucleobase” means any nucleobase other than adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymidine, or uracil. An “unmodified nucleobase” means the purine bases adenine (A) and guanine (G) , and the pyrimidine bases thymine (T) , cytosine (C) and uracil (U) .
[0076] “Modified nucleoside” means a nucleoside having, independently, a modified sugar moiety and / or modified nucleobase.
[0077] “Modified nucleotide” means a nucleotide having, independently, a modified sugar moiety, modified internucleoside linkage, or modified nucleobase.
[0078] “Modified antisense oligonucleotide” means an oligonucleotide comprising at least one modified internucleoside linkage, a modified sugar, and / or a modified nucleobase.
[0079] “Modified sugar” means substitution and / or any change from a natural sugar moiety.
[0080] “Monomer” refers to a single unit of an oligomer. Monomers include, but are not limited to, nucleosides and nucleotides, whether naturally occurring or modified.
[0081] “Natural sugar moiety” means a sugar moiety found in DNA (2’-H) or RNA (2’-OH) . “Naturally occurring internucleoside linkage” means a 3’ to 5’ phosphodiester linkage.
[0082] “Non-complementary nucleobase” refers to a pair of nucleobases that do not form hydrogen bonds with one another or otherwise support hybridization.
[0083] “Nucleic acid” refers to molecules composed of monomeric nucleotides. A nucleic acid includes, but is not limited to, ribonucleic acids (RNA) , deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) , single-stranded nucleic acids, double-stranded nucleic acids, small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNA) , and microRNAs (miRNA) .
[0084] “Nucleobase” means a nitrogenous heterocyclic base moiety capable of pairing with a base of another nucleic acid.
[0085] “Nucleobase complementarity” refers to a nucleobase that is capable of base pairing with another nucleobase. For example, in DNA, adenine (A) is complementary to thymine (T) . For example, in RNA, adenine (A) is complementary to uracil (U) . In some embodiments, complementary nucleobase refers to a nucleobase of an antisense oligonucleotide that is capable of base pairing with a nucleobase of its target nucleic acid. For example, ifa nucleobase at a certain position of an antisense oligonucleotide is capable of hydrogen bonding with a nucleobase at a certain position of a target nucleic acid, then the position of hydrogen bonding between the oligonucleotide and the target nucleic acid is considered to be complementary at that nucleobase pair.
[0086] “Nucleobase sequence” means the order of contiguous nucleobases independent of any sugar, linkage, and / or nucleobase modification.
[0087] “Nucleoside mimetic” includes those structures used to replace the sugar or the sugar and the base and not necessarily the linkage at one or more positions of an oligomeric compound such as for example nucleoside mimetics having morpholino, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexyl, tetrahydropyranyl, bicyclo or tricyclo sugar mimetics, e.g., non furanose sugar units. Nucleotide mimetic includes those structures used to replace the nucleoside and the linkage at one or more positions of an oligomeric compound such as for example peptide nucleic acids or morpholinos (morpholinos linked by -N (H) -C (=O) -O-or other non-phosphodiester linkage) . Sugar surrogate overlaps with the slightly broader term nucleoside mimetic but is intended to indicate replacement of the sugar unit (furanose ring) only. The tetrahydropyranyl rings provided herein are illustrative of an example of a sugar surrogate wherein the furanose sugar group has been replaced with a tetrahydropyranyl ring system. “Mimetic” refers to groups that are substituted for a sugar, a nucleobase, and / or internucleoside linkage. Generally, a mimetic is used in place of the sugar or sugar-internucleoside linkage combination, and the nucleobase is maintained for hybridization to a selected target.
[0088] “Off-target effect” refers to an unwanted or deleterious biological effect associated with modulation of RNA or protein expression of a gene other than the intended target nucleic acid.
[0089] “Oligomeric compound” means a polymer of linked monomeric subunits which is capable of hybridizing to at least a region of a nucleic acid molecule.
[0090] “Oligonucleotide” means a polymer of linked nucleosides, through internucleoside linkages, each of the linked nucleosides can be modified or unmodified, independent one from another.
[0091] “Parenteral administration” means administration through injection (e.g., bolus injection) or infusion. Parenteral administration includes subcutaneous administration (SC) , intravenous administration, intramuscular administration, intraarterial administration, intraperitoneal administration, or intracranial administration, e.g., intrathecal or intracerebroventricular administration.
[0092] “Peptide” means a molecule formed by linking at least two amino acids by amide bonds. Without limitation, as used herein, “peptide” refers to polypeptides and proteins.
[0093] “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” means a medium or diluent that does not interfere with the structure of the oligonucleotide. Certain such carriers enable pharmaceutical compositions to be formulated as, for example, tablets, pills, dragees, capsules, liquids, gels, syrups, slurries, suspension and lozenges for the oral ingestion by a subject.
[0094] “Pharmaceutically acceptable derivative” encompasses pharmaceutically acceptable salts, conjugates, prodrugs or isomers of the oligonucleotides described herein.
[0095] “Pharmaceutically acceptable salts” means physiologically and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of antisense oligonucleotides, i.e., salts that retain the desired biological activity of the parent oligonucleotide and do not impart undesired toxicological effects thereto.
[0096] “Pharmaceutical agent” means a substance that provides a therapeutic benefit when administered to an individual.
[0097] “Pharmaceutical composition” means a mixture of substances suitable for administering to a subject. For example, a pharmaceutical composition may comprise an antisense oligonucleotide and a sterile aqueous solution. In some embodiments, a pharmaceutical composition shows activity in free uptake assay in certain cell lines.
[0098] “Phosphorothioate linkage” means a linkage between nucleosides where the phosphodiester bond is modified by replacing one of the non-bridging oxygen atoms with a sulfur atom. A phosphorothioate linkage is a modified internucleoside linkage.
[0099] “Ribonucleotide” means a nucleotide having a hydroxy group at the 2’ position of the sugar portion of the nucleotide. Ribonucleotides may be modified with any of a variety of substituents.
[0100] “Salts” mean a physiologically and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of antisense oligonucleotides, i.e., salts that retain the desired biological activity of the parent oligonucleotide and do not impart undesired toxicological effects thereto.
[0101] “Segments” may be interchangeably referred to as “regions” or “portions” .
[0102] “Shortened” or “truncated” versions of antisense oligonucleotides taught herein have one, two or more nucleosides deleted.
[0103] “Side effects” means physiological responses attributable to a treatment other than desired effects. In some embodiments, side effects include, without limitation, injection site reactions, liver function test abnormalities, renal function abnormalities, liver toxicity, renal toxicity, central nervous system abnormalities, and myopathies. For example, increased aminotransferase levels in serum may indicate liver toxicity or liver function abnormality. For example, increased bilirubin may indicate liver toxicity or liver function abnormality.
[0104] “Significant, ” as used herein means measurable or observable, e.g, a significant result, such as, a significant improvement or significant reduction generally refers to a measurable or observable result, such as a measurable or observable improvement or reduction.
[0105] “Sites, ” as used herein, are defined as unique nucleobase positions within a target nucleic acid.
[0106] “Small-interfering RNA” or “siRNA” as used herein refers to double stranded RNA (i.e., duplex RNA) that is capable of reducing or inhibiting the expression of a target gene or sequence (e.g., by mediating the degradation or inhibiting the translation of mRNAs which are complementary to the siRNA sequence) when the siRNA is in the same cell as the target gene or sequence. The siRNA may have substantial or complete identity to the HBV target, or may comprise a region of mismatch (i.e., a mismatch motif) . In some embodiments, the siRNAs may be about 19-25 (duplex) nucleotides in length. siRNA duplexes may comprise 3′ overhangs of about 1 to about 4 nucleotides or about 2 to about 3 nucleotides and 5′ phosphate termini. Examples of siRNA include, without limitation, a double-stranded polynucleotide molecule assembled from two separate stranded molecules, wherein one strand is the sense strand and the other is the complementary antisense strand.
[0107] “Specifically hybridizable” refers to an antisense oligonucleotide having a sufficient degree of complementarity between an antisense oligonucleotide and a target nucleic acid to induce a desired effect, while exhibiting minimal or no effects on non-target nucleic acids under conditions in which specific binding is desired, i.e., under physiological conditions in the case of in vivo assays and therapeutic treatments. “Stringent hybridization conditions” or “stringent conditions” refer to conditions under which an oligomeric oligonucleotide will hybridize to its target sequence, but to a minimal number of other sequences.
[0108] “Target nucleic acid, ” “target RNA, ” “target RNA transcript” and “nucleic acid target” all mean a nucleic acid capable of being targeted by antisense oligonucleotides.
[0109] “Target region” means a portion of a target nucleic acid to which one or more antisense oligonucleotides is targeted.
[0110] “Target segment” means the sequence of nucleotides of a target nucleic acid to which an antisense oligonucleotide is targeted.
[0111] “Therapeutically effective amount” means an amount of a pharmaceutical agent that provides a therapeutic benefit to an individual.
[0112] “Treatment” refers to administering a composition to effect an alteration or improvement of the disease or condition, e.g. reducing HBV infection.
[0113] “Unmodified” nucleobases mean the purine bases adenine (A) and guanine (G) , and the pyrimidine bases thymine (T) , cytosine (C) and uracil (U) .
[0114] “Unmodified nucleotide” means a nucleotide composed of naturally occurring nucleobases, sugar moieties, and internucleoside linkages.In some embodiments, an unmodified nucleotide is an RNA nucleotide (i.e. (3-D-ribonucleosides) or a DNA nucleotide (i.e. (3-D-deoxyribonucleoside) .
[0115] “Validated target segment” is defined as at least an 8-nucleobase portion (i.e. 8 consecutive nucleobases) of a target region to which an active oligomeric oligonucleotide is targeted.Methods of Treating HBV Infection
[0116] The disclosure provides methods of treating an HBV infection in a subject in need thereof comprising administering an siRNA specific for an HBV target and an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target. In some embodiments, the order of administration is specified, wherein a first dose of the siRNA is administered before a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a first dose of the siRNA is administered after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the siRNA and the antisense oligonucleotide are administered concurrently.
[0117] In some embodiments, a nucleic acid polymer is used instead of the antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target.
[0118] In some embodiments, administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA reduces HBV DNA levels in the subject. In some embodiments, HBV DNA is reduced to below an acceptable threshold in the subject following administration with the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.
[0119] In some embodiments, administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA reduces HBV mRNA levels in the subject. In some embodiments, HBV mRNA is reduced to below an acceptable threshold in the subject following administration with the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA
[0120] In some embodiments, administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA reduces HBV protein levels (e.g., HBsAg, HBeAg, and / or HBcAg levels) levels in the subject. In some embodiments HBV protein levels (e.g., HBsAg, HBeAg, and / or HBcAg levels) is reduced to below an acceptable threshold in the subject following administration with the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.HBV Nucleic Acid Sequences
[0121] The methods of the disclosure comprise administering an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target. In general, an HBV nucleic acid sequence comprises one or more HBV targets, so that an “HBV target” comprises a portion of an HBV nucleic acid sequence; the antisense oligonucleotides and siRNAs described herein are complementary to HBV targets, and thus are capable of binding to an HBV target within an HBV nucleic acid sequence through Watson-Crick base pairing.
[0122] In some embodiments, the HBV nucleic acid sequence comprises a GT-A, GT-B, GT-C, GT-D, GT-E, GT-F, GT-G, GT-H, GT-I, or GT-J genotype.
[0123] Exemplary HBV nucleic acid sequences include but are not limited to those shown in Table 1. In some embodiments, the HBV nucleic acid sequence comprises the nucleic acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 3 and 667-674, or a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto, or a fragment thereof. Table 1. Exemplary HBV Nucleic Acid Sequences HBV Target Sequences
[0124] In some embodiments, the HBV target comprises a portion of an HBV nucleic acid sequence that is 11-50 nucleobases in length. In some embodiments, the HBV target comprises a portion of an HBV nucleic acid sequence that is 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 nucleobases in length. In some embodiments, the HBV target comprises a portion of an HBV nucleic acid sequence that is 20 nucleobases in length.
[0125] In some embodiments, the HBV target comprises a portion of the HBV nucleic acid sequence (i.e. the HBV target is within the sequence) of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 3 and 667-674, or a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the portion of the of the nucleic acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 3 and 667-674, or a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto, is 11-50 nucleobases in length. In some embodiments, the portion of the of the HBV nucleic acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 3 and 667-674, or a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto, is 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 nucleobases in length. In some embodiments, the HBV target comprises a nucleic acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1, 4, and 675-838, or a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the HBV target comprises a nucleic acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1, 4, and 675-838, or a nucleic acid sequence comprising at least 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches thereto.
[0126] Exemplary HBV target sequences include but are not limited to those shown in Table 2. Table 2. Exemplary HBV Target Sequences Exemplary Antisense Oligonucleotides Specific for an HBV Target
[0127] In some embodiments, the methods of the disclosure comprise administering an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target. In some embodiments, provided herein are methods comprising administering a composition comprising any one of the antisense oligonucleotides described herein.
[0128] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 or 50 linked nucleosides that bind to an HBV target sequence. In some exemplary embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises 20 linked nucleosides that bind to an HBV target sequence. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence that is complementary to an HBV target (e.g., any one of the HBV targets described herein) . In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence that is complementary to any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, 4, 675-838, or a nucleobase sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence that is complementary to any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, 4, 675-838, or a nucleobase sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches thereto.
[0129] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleobase sequence of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches thereto.
[0130] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleobase sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, or a nucleobase sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleobase sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, or a nucleobase sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises 20 linked nucleosides, and comprises the nucleobase sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. A chart showing the positions of the nucleobases in SEQ ID NO: 2 (from 5' to 3') is shown below:
[0131] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleobase sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, or a nucleobase sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleobase sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, or a nucleobase sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises 20 linked nucleosides, and comprises the nucleobase sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5. A chart showing the positions of the nucleobases in SEQ ID NO: 5 (from 5' to 3') is shown below:
[0132] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is a modified antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the modified antisense oligonucleotide comprises a modified sugar (e.g., any one of the modified sugars described herein) . In some embodiments, the modified antisense oligonucleotide comprises a modified nucleobase (e.g., any one of the modified nucleobases described herein) .
[0133] In some embodiments, the modified antisense oligonucleotide comprises a modified internucleoside linkage (other than a phosphodiester linkage) . In some embodiments, each internucleoside linkage in the antisense oligonucleotide is a modified internucleoside linkage. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises one or more phosphorothioate linkages. In some embodiments, each internucleoside linkage in the antisense oligonucleotide is a phosphorothioate linkage.
[0134] Exemplary modified antisense oligonucleotides include, but are not limited to, those shown in FIGS. 5-6. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of any one of AUS1233 to AUS1714 as provided in FIG. 6.
[0135] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666 (inclusive of the nucleic acid modifications included in the sequence listing and depicted in FIG. 6) , or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666 (inclusive of the nucleic acid modifications included in the sequence listing and depicted in FIG. 6) , or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.
[0136] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10, or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.
[0137] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 330, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 330, or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.
[0138] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 331, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 331, or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.
[0139] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 385, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 385, or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.
[0140] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 456, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 456, or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.
[0141] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 457, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 457, or a sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.
[0142] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 458, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 458, or a sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.
[0143] Exemplary antisense oligonucleotides specific for HBV targets are also described in International Publication Nos. WO2023131926A2, WO2023131098A2, and WO2024149282A1, hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[0144] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is selected from any one of the antisense oligonucleotides specific to an HBV target described in the art, including but not limited to: AHB-137, GSK3228836, GSK3389404; ALG-020572, ALG-020576, ALG-021682, ALG-021639, and ALG-021618; or an antisense oligonucleotide comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.
[0145] In some embodiments the antisense oligonucleotide is linked to a conjugate group. In some embodiments, the conjugate group is N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) .
[0146] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative.Exemplary Nucleic Acid Polymers
[0147] In some embodiments, the methods of the disclosure comprise administering a nucleic acid polymer ( “NAP” ) . In some embodiments, a NAP is administered instead of the antisense oligonucleotide in any one of the methods described herein. In some embodiments, provided herein are methods comprising administering a composition comprising any one of the NAPs described herein.
[0148] Nucleic acid polymers are broad-spectrum antiviral compounds active against diverse enveloped viruses and other infectious agents. Without wishing to be bound by theory or mechanism, nucleic acid polymer activity is target sequence independent, and is believed to be driven by a length-dependent interaction with exposed hydrophobic surfaces of amphipathic alpha helices found in HBV and other viruses.
[0149] Exemplary nucleic acid polymers suitable for treating an HBV infection are described in Vaillant, Andrew. Viruses vol. 14, 9 2052.16 Sep. 2022, doi: 10.3390 / v14092052. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid polymer is REP 2139. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid polymer is REP 2165.Exemplary siRNAs Specific for HBV Targets
[0150] The methods of the disclosure comprise administering an siRNA specific for an HBV target. Any siRNA specific for an HBV target known in the art may be used in the methods described herein. In some embodiments, provided herein are methods comprising administering a composition comprising any one of the siRNAs described herein.
[0151] In some embodiments, the siRNA is selected from the group consisting of JNJ-3989 (ARO-HBV, Daplusiran, Tomligisiran) , Vir-2218 (BRII-835, Elebsiran) , AB-729 (Imdusiran) , Xalnesiran (RG6346, DCR HBVS, RO7445482) , RBD1016 (SR016) , ALG-125755, HT-101, TQA3038, HRS-5635, BB-103, OLX703A, STP155G, KW-040, ALG-072571, STSG-0002, and BW-20507.
[0152] In some embodiments, the siRNA is conjugated to a conjugation moiety. In some embodiments, the conjugation moiety is N-Acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) .
[0153] In some embodiments, the siRNA comprises a 5'-stablized cap.Dosing
[0154] The disclosure provides dosing regimens for treating an HBV infection. As described in the Examples, several dosing regimens were tested for administering an siRNA specific for an HBV target and an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target in vivo.
[0155] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered to a subject in a dose ranging from about 1 mg to about 1000 mg, about 1 mg to about 500 mg, about 1 mg to about 300 mg, about 1 mg to about 200 mg, about 1 mg to about 100 mg, about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 1000 mg, about 10 mg to about 500 mg, about 10 mg to about 250 mg, about 10 mg to about 150 mg, about 10 mg to about 100 mg, about 10 mg to about 50 mg, about 10 mg to about 50 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 50 mg to about 1000 mg, about 50 mg to about 500 mg, about 50 mg to about 250 mg, about 50 mg to about 150 mg, about 50 mg to about 100 mg, about 50 mg to about 75 mg, about 60 mg to about 1000 mg, about 60 mg to about 500 mg, about 60 mg to about 250 mg, about 60 mg to about 150 mg, about 60 mg to about 100 mg, about 60 mg to about 75 mg, about 100 mg to about 1000 mg, about 100 mg to about 500 mg, about 100 mg to about 400 mg, about 100 mg to about 300 mg, about 100 mg to about 250 mg, about 100 mg to about 200 mg, about 100 mg to about 150 mg, about 200 mg to about 500 mg, about 200 mg to about 250 mg, about 300 mg to about 1000 mg, or about 300 mg to 500 mg.
[0156] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 10 mg to about 500 mg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 5 mg to about 500 mg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 10 mg to about 550 mg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 20 mg to about 500 mg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 50 mg to about 500 mg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 60 mg to about 500 mg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 60 mg to 200 mg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 50 mg to 200 mg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 60 mg to 210 mg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 60 mg to 220 mg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 50 mg to 220 mg.
[0157] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 1 mg, about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 70 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 125 mg, about 150 mg, about 175 mg, about 200 mg, about 250 mg, about 300 mg, about 350 mg, about 400 mg, about 450 mg, about 500 mg, or about 600 mg.
[0158] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of greater than about 1 mg, about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 70 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 110 mg, about 120 mg, about 130 mg, about 140 mg, about 150 mg, about 160 mg, about 170 mg, about 180 mg, about 190 mg, about 200 mg, about 210 mg, about 220 mg, about 230 mg, about 240 mg, about 250 mg, about 260 mg, about 270 mg, about 280 mg, about 290 mg, about 300 mg, about 350 mg, about 400 mg, about 450 mg, about 500 mg, or about 600 mg.
[0159] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of less than about 1 mg, about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 70 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 110 mg, about 120 mg, about 130 mg, about 140 mg, about 150 mg, about 160 mg, about 170 mg, about 180 mg, about 190 mg, about 200 mg, about 210 mg, about 220 mg, about 230 mg, about 240 mg, about 250 mg, about 260 mg, about 270 mg, about 280 mg, about 290 mg, about 300 mg, about 350 mg, about 400 mg, about 450 mg, about 500 mg, or about 600 mg.
[0160] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 0.5 mg / kg, about 0.83 mg / kg, about 1.67 mg / kg, about 2.5 mg / kg, about 3.33 mg / kg, about 5 mg / kg, about 7.5 mg / kg, or about 10 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 0.25 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 0.1 mg / kg to about 0.5 mg / kg, about 0.4 mg / kg to about 1 mg / kg, about 0.8 mg / kg to about 2 mg / kg, about 1.5 mg / kg to about 3 mg / kg, about 2.5 mg / kg to about 5 mg / kg, or about 4 mg / kg to about 12 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered subcutaneously. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered intramuscularly.
[0161] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered to a subject in a dose ranging from about 1 mg to about 1000 mg, about 1 mg to about 500 mg, about 1 mg to about 250 mg, about 1 mg to about 150 mg, about 1 mg to about 100 mg, about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 1000 mg, about 10 mg to about 500 mg, about 10 mg to about 250 mg, about 10 mg to about 150 mg, about 10 mg to about 100 mg, about 10 mg to about 50 mg, about 10 mg to about 50 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 50 mg to about 1000 mg, about 50 mg to about 500 mg, about 50 mg to about 250 mg, about 50 mg to about 150 mg, about 50 mg to about 100 mg, about 50 mg to about 75 mg, about 100 mg to about 1000 mg, about 100 mg to about 500 mg, about 100 mg to about 400 mg, about 100 mg to about 300 mg, about 100 mg to about 250 mg, about 100 mg to about 200 mg, about 100 mg to about 150 mg, about 200 mg to about 500 mg, about 200 mg to about 250 mg, about 300 mg to about 1000 mg, or about 300 mg to 500 mg.
[0162] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 30 mg to 500 mg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 100 mg to 300 mg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 100 mg to 350 mg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 90 mg to 300 mg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 30 mg to 510 mg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 25 mg to 500 mg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 100 mg to 500 mg.In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 30 mg to 300 mg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 20 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 70 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 110 mg, about 120 mg, about 130 mg, about 140 mg, about 150 mg, about 160 mg, about 170 mg, about 180 mg, about 190 mg, about 200 mg, about 210 mg, about 220 mg, about 230 mg, about 240 mg, about 250 mg, about 260 mg, about 270 mg, about 280 mg, about 290 mg, about 300 mg, about 350 mg, about 400 mg, about 450 mg, or about 500 mg.
[0163] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose greater than about 20 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 70 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 110 mg, about 120 mg, about 130 mg, about 140 mg, about 150 mg, about 160 mg, about 170 mg, about 180 mg, about 190 mg, about 200 mg, about 210 mg, about 225 mg, about 240 mg, about 250 mg, about 260 mg, about 270 mg, about 280 mg, about 290 mg, about 300 mg, about 350 mg, about 400 mg, about 450 mg, about 500 mg, or about 600 mg.
[0164] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose greater than about 20 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 70 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 110 mg, about 120 mg, about 130 mg, about 140 mg, about 150 mg, about 160 mg, about 170 mg, about 180 mg, about 190 mg, about 200 mg, about 210 mg, about 220 mg, about 230 mg, about 240 mg, about 250 mg, about 260 mg, about 270 mg, about 280 mg, about 290 mg, about 300 mg, about 350 mg, about 400 mg, about 450 mg, about 500 mg, or about 550 mg.
[0165] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose less than about 20 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 70 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 110 mg, about 120 mg, about 130 mg, about 140 mg, about 150 mg, about 160 mg, about 170 mg, about 180 mg, about 190 mg, about 200 mg, about 210 mg, about 220 mg, about 230 mg, about 240 mg, about 250 mg, about 260 mg, about 270 mg, about 280 mg, about 290 mg, about 300 mg, about 350 mg, about 400 mg, about 450 mg, about 500 mg, or about 550 mg.
[0166] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 0.5 mg / kg, about 1 mg / kg, about 2 mg / kg, about 2.5 mg / kg, about 3 mg / kg, about 3.5 mg / kg, about 4 mg / kg, about 4.5 mg / kg, about 5 mg / kg, about 5.5 mg / kg, about 6 mg / kg, about 7 mg / kg, about 8 mg / kg, about 9 mg / kg, or about 10 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 2.5 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 3.3 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 5 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 6.7 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 7.5 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 10 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 1 mg / kg to about 3 mg / kg, about 2 mg / kg to about 4 mg / kg, about 3 mg / kg to about 4 mg / kg, about 3 mg / kg to about 5 mg / kg, about 3.75 mg / kg to about 6 mg / kg, about 5.5 mg / kg to about 7.5 mg / kg, about 6.5 mg / kg to about 8.5 mg / kg, or about 8 mg / kg to about 10 mg / kg, where kg is the body weight of the subject in kg. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered subcutaneously. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered intramuscularly.
[0167] In some embodiments, the siRNA and the antisense oligonucleotide are administered concurrently. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA are administered as separate compositions, and are administered simultaneously, e.g. at two adjacent sites of administration. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA are administered on the same day at least about 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, or 120 minutes apart, or a range defined by any two of these values.
[0168] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA are administered as separate compositions, and are administered sequentially. The Examples of the present application demonstrate that sequentially administering antisense oligonucleotides and siRNA can be surprisingly effective for reducing HBV infection. As noted above, typically, in the field of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, one would have expected that it would be most effective to administer antisense oligonucleotide and siRNA concurrently or for overlapping periods of time to maximize the periods of time when the exposure of both drugs is high, and thereby enhance the overall pharmacological effects. A reasonable expectation would have been that administering antisense oligonucleotide and siRNA sequentially could lower the opportunity for a high level of combined exposure, and therefore less efficacy would be expected. Unexpectedly, as described in the present application, antisense oligonucleotides administered sequentially with siRNAs were surprisingly and highly effective at reducing HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, as exemplified in Examples 1, 3 and 4. Exemplary dosing schedules are described in the Examples in Tables 1B, Table 2A, Table 3A, Table 4A, and Table 5A.
[0169] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered before the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 separate days. In some embodiments, the last dose of the siRNA is administered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30 days before the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the last dose of the siRNA is administered about 1 week before the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the last dose of the siRNA is administered about 1-8 days before the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the last dose of the siRNA is administered about 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 weeks before the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered before the antisense oligonucleotide, and the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, or 38 doses on separate days. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered before the antisense oligonucleotide, and the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 1-3 doses, e.g., as 1-3 doses on separate days. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered before the antisense oligonucleotide, and the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 4-6 doses, e.g., as 4-6 doses on separate days. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered before the antisense oligonucleotide, and the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 7-12 doses, e.g., as 7-12 doses on separate days. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered before the antisense oligonucleotide, and the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 12-16 doses, e.g., as 12-16 doses on separate days. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered before the antisense oligonucleotide, and the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 17-20 doses, e.g., as 17-20 doses on separate days. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered before the antisense oligonucleotide, and the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 21-26 doses, e.g., as 21-26 doses on separate days.
[0170] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered as a single dose and, subsequently, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 doses. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered as a single dose and, subsequently, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 3 doses, e.g., as 3 doses on 3 separate days.
[0171] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered after the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered about 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks after the last dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 days after the last dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered 1-7 or 1-8 days after the last dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0172] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered as multiple doses. In some embodiments, a dose of the siRNA is administered every 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 15 days, 16, days, 17 days, 18 days, 19 days, 20 days, 21 days, 22 days, 23 days, 24 days, 25 days, 26 days, 27 days, 28 days, 29 days, 30 days, 31 days, or 32 days. In some embodiments, a dose of the siRNA is administered every 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, 24 weeks, or 25 weeks. In some embodiments, a dose of the siRNA is administered about every 14 days. In some embodiments, a dose of the siRNA is administered about every 2 weeks. In some embodiments, a dose of the siRNA is administered about every 4 weeks. In some embodiments, a dose of the siRNA is administered about every 6 weeks. In some embodiments, a dose of the siRNA is administered about every 8 weeks. It is noted that the intervals between doses may not be equal, and that the disclosure contemplates varying intervals between dosing.
[0173] In some embodiments, a subsequent dose of the siRNA is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 15 days, 16, days, 17 days, 18 days, 19 days, 20 days, 21 days, 22 days, 23 days, 24 days, 25 days, 26 days, 27 days, 28 days, 29 days, 30 days, 31 days, or 32 days after a previous dose of the siRNA. In some embodiments, a subsequent dose of the siRNA is administered at least 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, 24 weeks, or 25 weeks after a previous dose of the siRNA. In some embodiments, a subsequent dose of the siRNA is administered at least 14 days after a previous dose of the siRNA. In some embodiments, a dose of the siRNA is administered about 4 weeks after a previous dose of the siRNA. In some embodiments, a dose of the siRNA is administered about 6 weeks after a previous dose of the siRNA. In some embodiments, a dose of the siRNA is administered about 8 weeks after a previous dose of the siRNA. In some embodiments, a subsequent dose of the siRNA is administered at least 1, 3, or 3 weeks after a previous dose of the siRNA. In some embodiments, a subsequent dose of the siRNA is administered at least 2 weeks after a previous dose of the siRNA.
[0174] In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered every week for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or25 weeks. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered every two weeks for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or25 weeks. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered every three weeks for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25 weeks. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered every four weeks for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25 weeks.
[0175] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 1 dose.
[0176] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as multiple doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1 0, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, or 38 doses on separate days. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 2 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 3 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 4 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 2-3 or 3-4 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 4-6 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 6-8 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 8-10 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 10-12 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 12-16 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 17-20 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 21-26 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 27-30 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 31-34 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 35-38 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 39-42 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 43-45 doses. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as 46-50 doses.
[0177] In some embodiments, a dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered every 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 15 days, 16, days, 17 days, 18 days, 19 days, 20 days, 21 days, 22 days, 23 days, 24 days, 25 days, 26 days, 27 days, 28 days, 29 days, 30 days, 31 days, or 32 days or some combination thereof. In some embodiments, a dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered about every 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, or 13 weeks. In some embodiments, a dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 times during about 1 month. It is noted that the intervals between doses may not be equal, and that the disclosure contemplates varying intervals between dosing.
[0178] In some embodiments, a subsequent dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered. In some embodiments, a subsequent dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 15 days, 16, days, 17 days, 18 days, 19 days, 20 days, 21 days, 22 days, 23 days, 24 days, 25 days, 26 days, 27 days, 28 days, 29 days, 30 days, 31 days, or 32 days after a previous dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a subsequent dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, or 13 weeks after a previous dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0179] In some embodiments, a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered. In some embodiments, a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 1-4 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 2 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 4 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 5 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 6 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 8 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0180] In some embodiments, a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered. In some embodiments, a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 5-8 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 5 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 6 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0181] In some embodiments, a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered. In some embodiments, a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7-12 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 8 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 9 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 10 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 11 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0182] In some embodiments, a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered. In some embodiments, a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 12-16 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 12 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 13 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 15 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 16 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0183] In some embodiments, a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered. In some embodiments, a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 19-23 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 19 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 20 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 21 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 22 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 23 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0184] In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered every week for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or25 weeks. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered every two weeks for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or25 weeks. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered every three weeks for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or25 weeks. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered every four weeks for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or25 weeks.
[0185] In some embodiments, a first dose of the siRNA is administered on the same day as a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the first dose of the siRNA is administered and the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide are administered at two adjacent sites of administration. The sequential administration may be at least about 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, or even 120 minutes apart, or a range defined by any two of these values.
[0186] In some embodiments, a first dose of the siRNA is administered before a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 15 days, 16, days, 17 days, 18 days, 19 days, 20 days, 21 days, 22 days, 23 days, 24 days, 25 days, 26 days, 27 days, 28 days, 29 days, 30 days, or 31 days before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, 24 weeks, or 25 weeks before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0187] In some embodiments, the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 3 days before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 7 days before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 2 weeks before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 4 weeks before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0188] In some embodiments, i) a first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 7 days before a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; ii) a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; and iii) a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0189] In some embodiments, i) a first dose of the siRNA is administered on the same day as a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide, ii) a second dose of the siRNA is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the siRNA, iii) a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; iv) a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; v) a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 10 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; vi) a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; and vii) a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 21 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0190] In some embodiments, i) a first dose of the siRNA is administered on the same day as a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide, and ii) a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0191] Changes to the dosing scheduled described herein are also contemplated. In some embodiments, the dose amount or frequency of the siRNA or the antisense oligonucleotide is reduced following an indication that administration of the siRNA or the antisense oligonucleotide is not tolerated. In some embodiments, the dose amount or frequency of the siRNA or the antisense oligonucleotide is maintained or reduced following an indication that administration of the siRNA or the antisense oligonucleotide is effective. In some embodiments, the dose of the siRNA or the antisense oligonucleotide is increased following an indication that administration of the siRNA or the antisense oligonucleotide is not effective. In some embodiments, frequency of administration of the siRNA or the antisense oligonucleotide is reduced following an indication that administration of the siRNA or the antisense oligonucleotide is effective. In some embodiments, frequency of administration of the siRNA or the antisense oligonucleotide is increased following an indication that administration of the siRNA or the antisense oligonucleotide is not effective.
[0192] In some embodiments, administration of the antisense oligonucleotide and siRNA of the disclosure comprises a dosing holiday. Dosing holidays of certain duration and frequency are contemplated as within the scope of the disclosure. For example, the antisense oligonucleotide and siRNA of the disclosure, or pharmaceutical composition comprising the same may be administered to the subject until levels of HBsAg fall below a certain threshold, or no HBV infection is detected in the subject, followed by a dosing holiday, and resumption of dosing if HBsAg in the serum of the subject is again detected.Reducing HBV Infection and Treating HBV-related Conditions
[0193] The disclosure provides methods for reducing HBV infection, the methods comprising administering an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target as described above to a subject in need thereof, so as to reduce the HBV infection. In some embodiments, the methods described herein are used to treat HBV-related conditions in a subject. In some embodiments, a nucleic acid polymer is used in place of the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0194] Examples of HBV-related conditions include, but are not limited to, chronic HBV infection, jaundice, liver cancer, liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, liver failure, diffuse hepatocellular inflammatory disease, hemophagocytic syndrome, serum hepatitis, and HBV viremia. HBV-related conditions can have symptoms which may include any or all of the following: flu-like illness, weakness, aches, headache, fever, loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, pain over the liver area of the body, clay-or grey-colored stool, itching all over, and dark-colored urine, which when coupled with a positive test for presence of a hepatitis B virus, a hepatitis B viral antigen, or a positive test for the presence of an antibody specific for a hepatitis B viral antigen indicate an HBV-related condition. In some embodiments, the HBV-related condition is a liver condition. In some embodiments, the HBV-related condition is jaundice, liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, inflammation, liver cirrhosis, liver failure, diffuse hepatocellular inflammatory disease, hemophagocytic syndrome, serum hepatitis, HBV infection, HBV viremia, liver cancer or liver disease-related transplantation.
[0195] In some embodiments, the subject is an animal. In some embodiments, the subject is a mammal. In some embodiments, the subject is a monkey, for example a cynomolgus monkey. In some embodiments, the subject is a rodent, such as a mouse or rat. In some embodiments, the subject is a bat. In some embodiments, the subject is an equid (e.g., a donkey, a horse, or a zebra) .
[0196] In some embodiments, the subject is a primate. In some embodiments, the subject is a chimpanzee. In some embodiments, the subject is a gorilla. In some embodiments, the subject is an orangutan. In some embodiments, the subject is a gibbon. In some embodiments, the subject is a human.
[0197] In some embodiments, the hepatitis B virus is a human hepatitis B virus. More particularly, the human hepatitis B virus may be any of the human geographical genotypes: A (Northwest Europe, North America, Central America) ; B (Indonesia, China, Vietnam) ; C (East Asia, Korea, China, Japan, Polynesia, Vietnam) ; D (Mediterranean area, Middle East, India) ; E (Africa) ; F (Native Americans, Polynesia) ; G (United States, France) ; or H (Central America) .
[0198] Certain embodiments provide a method for treating a subject with an HBV infection comprising: a) identifying said subject with the HBV infection, and b) administering to said subject an siRNA specific for an HBV target and an antisense oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, administering the siRNA specific for an HBV target and the antisense oligonucleotide to the subject treats or reduces the HBV infection, or a symptom thereof, in the subject.
[0199] In some embodiments, the method comprises a step of assessing HBV infection levels in a subject. In some embodiments, a biological sample is taken from the subject. In some embodiments, the biological sample is a blood sample. In some embodiments, the biological sample is a serum sample. In some embodiments, the level of HBV DNA, HBV mRNA, and / or HBV protein (e.g., HBsAg, HBeAg, and / or HBcAg) in the biological sample is determined. In some embodiments, this step is performed before administering an antisense oligonucleotide and / or an siRNA as described herein. In some embodiments, this step is performed before treatment by a method described herein commences. In some embodiments, this step is performed during treatment by a method described herein (e.g., before, after, during, or between one of the methods described herein) .
[0200] In some embodiments, a serum sample is collected from the subject and the level of HBsAg in the serum sample is determined. In some embodiments, the subject has a baseline level of HBsAg equal to or less than about 3000 IU / mL before treatment. In some embodiments, the subject has a baseline level of HBsAg greater than about 3000 IU / mL before treatment.
[0201] Certain embodiments provide a method of reducing HBV infection in a subject comprising administering to the subject an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV infection in the subject ameliorates or treats an HBV-related condition. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV infection in the subject ameliorates or treats HBV infection. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV infection in the subject ameliorates or treats liver disease. In some embodiments, the HBV infection is reduced by at least 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99%, 99.7%, 99.9%, 99.97%, 99.99%, or 100%.
[0202] In some embodiments, reducing an HBV infection is demonstrated by a reduction in HBV DNA, HBV mRNA, and / or HBV protein levels in the subject.
[0203] Certain embodiments provide a method of reducing HBV DNA levels in a subject comprising administering to the subject an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV DNA levels in the subject ameliorates or treats an HBV-related condition. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV DNA levels in a subject ameliorates or treats HBV infection. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV DNA levels in a subject ameliorates or treats liver disease. In some embodiments, the HBV DNA level is reduced by at least 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99%, 99.7%, 99.9%, 99.97%, 99.99%, or 100%relative to the level of HBV DNA before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and siRNA. In some embodiments, the HBV DNA level is reduced by at least 3 fold, 4 fold, 5 fold, 6 fold, 7 fold, 8 fold, 9 fold, 10 fold, 100 fold, 1,000 fold, or 10,000 fold relative to the HBV DNA level in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.
[0204] Certain embodiments provide a method of reducing HBV mRNA expression in a subject comprising administering to the subject an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV mRNA expression in the subject ameliorates or treats an HBV-related condition. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV mRNA expression in the subject ameliorates or treats HBV infection. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV mRNA expression in the subject ameliorates or treats liver disease. In some embodiments, the HBV mRNA level is reduced by at least 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99%, 99.7%, 99.9%, 99.97%, 99.99%, or 100%relative to the level of HBV mRNA in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA. In some embodiments, the HBV mRNA level is reduced by at least 3 fold, 4 fold, 5 fold, 6 fold, 7 fold, 8 fold, 9 fold, 10 fold, 100 fold, 1,000 fold, or 10,000 fold relative to the HBV mRNA level in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.
[0205] In some embodiments, the amount of HBV protein may be sufficiently reduced to result in seroconversion, defined as serum HBeAg absence plus serum HBeAb presence if monitoring HBeAg as the determinant for seroconversion, or defined as serum HBsAg absence if monitoring HBsAg as the determinant for seroconversion, as determined by currently available detection limits of commercial ELISA systems.
[0206] Certain embodiments provide a method of reducing HBV protein levels (e.g., HBsAg, HBeAg, and / or HBcAg levels) in a subject comprising administering to the subject an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV protein levels (e.g., HBsAg, HBeAg, and / or HBcAg levels) in the subject ameliorates or treats an HBV-related condition. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV protein levels in a subject ameliorates or treats HBV infection. In some embodiments, reduction of HBV protein levels (e.g., HBsAg, HBeAg, and / or HBcAg levels) in the subject ameliorates or treats liver disease. In some embodiments, the HBV protein levels (e.g., HBsAg, HBeAg, and / or HBcAg levels) are reduced by at least 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99%, 99.7%, 99.9%, 99.97%, 99.99%, or 100%relative to HBV protein levels in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA. In some embodiments, the HBV protein level (e.g., HBsAg, HBeAg, and / or HBcAg level) is reduced by at least 3 fold, 4 fold, 5 fold, 6 fold, 7 fold, 8 fold, 9 fold, 10 fold, 100 fold, 1,000 fold, or 10,000 fold relative to the HBV protein level (e.g., HBsAg, HBeAg, and / or HBcAg level) in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.
[0207] In some embodiments, the method further comprises administering one or more additional HBV treatment agents. Additional HBV treatment agents may be administered during or before or after any stage described herein. In some embodiments, the additional HBV treatment agent is a nucleoside or nucleotide analog. In some embodiments, the additional HBV treatment agent is a capsid assembly inhibitor. Examples of one or more additional HBV treatment agents include, but are not limited to, an anti-inflammatory agent, chemotherapeutic agent or anti-infection agent. In specific embodiments, the subject suffers from liver cancer, and the one or more additional agents comprises a chemotherapeutic agent, such as Gemcitabine (Gemzar) , Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) , Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, 5-Fluorouracil, Capecitabine (Xeloda) , or Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) . In specific embodiments, the subject suffers from liver disease, and the one or more additional agents comprise corticosteroids, diuretics, beta-blockers, or a combination thereof.
[0208] In some embodiments, the additional HBV treatment agent is selected from the group consisting of ALG-010133, HBV CAM ALG-000184, recombinant interferon alpha 2b, IFN-a, PEG-IFN-a-2a, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, tenofovir alafenamide, tenofovir amibufenamide, pradefovir mesylate, entecavir, lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, telbivudine, clevudine, NVR3-778, BAY41-4109, JNJ-632, ALG-001075, GS-SBA-1, AB-836, ABI-H0731, Linvencorvir, JNJ-0440, RG6004, GSK3228836, REP-2139, REP-2165, JNJ-6379, GLS4, ABI-HO731, JNJ-440, NZ-4, RG7907, EDP-514, AB-423, AB-506, ABI-H03733 and ABI-H2158, p eroxisome proliferator-activator receptor (PPAR) agonist, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist, lipid-altering agent, and amibufenamide.
[0209] Antisense oligonucleotides (or nucleic acid polymers) , siRNAs, and additional HBV treatments can be administered to the subject by any suitable route of administration. Examples of routes of administration include oral, pulmonary, rectal, parenteral, transdermal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intraarterial, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, inhalational, buccal, sublingual, intrapleural, and intranasal administration. In some embodiments, administration comprises parenteral administration. In some embodiments, administration comprises subcutaneous administration. In some embodiments, administration comprises intravenous injection or infusion. In some embodiments, administration comprises intradermal administration. In some embodiments, administration comprises intramuscular administration. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide is administered subcutaneously. In some embodiments, the siRNA is administered subcutaneously.
[0210] Certain embodiments provide the use of an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target, or a pharmaceutical composition as described herein for treating an HBV infection in a subject. In some embodiments, a nucleic acid polymer is used instead of an antisense oligonucleotide.
[0211] Certain embodiments provide the use of an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target, or a pharmaceutical composition as described herein for ameliorating or treating liver disease, or symptom thereof, in a subject. In some embodiments, a nucleic acid polymer is used instead of an antisense oligonucleotide.
[0212] Certain embodiments provide the use of an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target, or a pharmaceutical composition as described herein for the manufacture of a medicament for treating an HBV infection in a subject. In some embodiments, a nucleic acid polymer is used instead of an antisense oligonucleotide.
[0213] Certain embodiments provide the use of an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target, or a pharmaceutical composition as described herein for the manufacture of a medicament for treating or ameliorating an HBV-related condition in an animal. In some embodiments, a nucleic acid polymer is used instead of an antisense oligonucleotide.
[0214] Certain embodiments provide the use of an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target, or a pharmaceutical composition as described herein for the manufacture of a medicament for treating or ameliorating liver disease in an animal. In some embodiments, a nucleic acid polymer is used instead of an antisense oligonucleotide.
[0215] In some embodiments, any one of the antisense oligonucleotides specific for an HBV target or siRNAs specific for an HBV target as described herein are administered as pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient. In some embodiments, a nucleic acid polymer is used instead of an antisense oligonucleotide.Pharmaceutical Compositions
[0216] In some embodiments, the disclosure provides methods of reducing HBV infection in a subject in need thereof, the methods comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an siRNA specific for an HBV target and a pharmaceutical composition an antisense oligonucleotide. Any one of the antisense oligonucleotides and siRNAs described herein can be provided as a pharmaceutical composition and administered to a subject in need thereof.
[0217] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions comprising the siRNA specific for an HBV target and the pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antisense oligonucleotide comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.
[0218] A variety of routes are contemplated for administration, as noted here, including oral, pulmonary, rectal, parenteral, transdermal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, inhalational, buccal, sublingual, intrapleural, intrathecal, intranasal, via the CSF, and the like. A pharmaceutical composition of the disclosure is formulated to be compatible with its intended route of administration.
[0219] Dosage forms for the topical or transdermal administration of this invention include powders, sprays, ointments, pastes, creams, lotions, gels, solutions, patches and inhalants. In some embodiments, the antisense oligonucleotide or siRNA is mixed under sterile conditions with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier / diluent / excipient, and with any preservatives, buffers, or propellants that are required.
[0220] Solutions or suspensions used for parenteral, intradermal, intraperitoneal or subcutaneous application can include the following components: a sterile diluent such as water for injection, saline solution, fixed oils, polyethylene glycols, glycerin, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents; antibacterial agents such as benzyl alcohol or methyl parabens; antioxidants such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite; chelating agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; buffers such as acetates, citrates or phosphates, and agents for the adjustment oftonicity such as sodium chloride or dextrose. The pH can be adjusted with acids or bases, such as hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide. The parenteral or subcutaneous preparation can be enclosed in ampoules, disposable syringes or multiple dose vials made of glass or plastic. These preparations can contain anti-oxidants, buffers, bacteriostats and solutes which render the formulation isotonic with the blood of the intended recipient. Aqueous and non-aqueous sterile suspensions can include suspending agents and thickening agents. The formulations can be presented in unit / dose or multi-dose containers, for example sealed ampoules, syringes and vials, and can be stored in a freeze-dried (lyophilized) condition requiring only the addition of the sterile liquid carrier, for example, saline or water-for-injection immediately prior to use.
[0221] The pharmaceutical composition described herein may be manufactured in a manner that is generally known, e.g., by means of conventional mixing, dissolving, granulating, dragee-making, levigating, emulsifying, encapsulating, entrapping, or lyophilizing processes. Pharmaceutical compositions may be formulated in a conventional manner using one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers comprising excipients and / or auxiliaries that facilitate processing of the active agents into preparations that can be used pharmaceutically. The appropriate formulation is dependent upon the route of administration chosen.
[0222] Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions (where water soluble) or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersion. For intravenous administration, suitable carriers include physiological saline, bacteriostatic water, Cremophor ELTM (BASF, Parsippany, N.J. ) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) . In all cases, the composition must be sterile and should be fluid to the extent that easy syringeability exists. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycol, and the like) , and suitable mixtures thereof. The proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersion, and by the use of surfactants. Prevention of the action of microorganisms can be achieved by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, ascorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like. In many cases, it will be preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars, polyalcohols such as mannitol and sorbitol, and sodium chloride in the composition. Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by including in the composition an agent which delays absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
[0223] Oral compositions generally include an inert diluent or an edible pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. They can be enclosed in gelatin capsules or compressed into tablets. For the purpose of oral therapeutic administration, the active age can be incorporated with excipients and used in the form of tablets, troches, or capsules. Oral compositions can also be prepared using a fluid carrier for use as a mouthwash, wherein the agents in the fluid carrier is applied orally and swished and expectorated or swallowed. Pharmaceutically compatible binding agents, and / or adjuvant materials can be included as part of the composition. The tablets, pills, capsules, troches and the like can contain any of the following ingredients, or agents of a similar nature: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, a disintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate or Sterotes; a glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide; a sweetening agent such as sucrose or saccharin; or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, methyl salicylate, or orange flavoring.
[0224] For administration by inhalation, the agents are delivered in the form of an aerosol spray from pressured container or dispenser, which contains a suitable propellant, e.g., a gas such as carbon dioxide, or a nebulizer.
[0225] Pharmaceutical compositions can be prepared with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers that protect the antisense oligonucleotides or siRNAs against rapid elimination from the body, such as a controlled release formulation, including implants and microencapsulated delivery systems. Biodegradable, biocompatible polymers can be used, such as ethylene vinyl acetate, polyanhydrides, polyglycolic acid, collagen, polyorthoesters, and polylactic acid. Methods for preparation of such formulations will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the materials can be obtained commercially. Liposomal suspensions (including liposomes targeted to infected cells with monoclonal antibodies to viral antigens) can also be used as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. These can be prepared according to methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,522,811.
[0226] It may be desirable to formulate oral or parenteral compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form as used herein refers to physically discrete units suited as unitary dosages for the subject to be treated; each unit containing a predetermined quantity of the antisense oligonucleotide or siRNA calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. The specification for the dosage unit forms of the disclosure are dictated by and directly dependent on the unique characteristics of the active agent and the particular therapeutic effect to be achieved.
[0227] The pharmaceutical compositions can be included in a container, pack, or dispenser together with instructions for administration.
[0228] Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, mineral or organic acid salts of basic residues such as amines, alkali or organic salts of acidic residues, and the like. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the conventional sodium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, or other non-toxic salts or the quaternary ammonium salts of the parent compound formed, for example, from non-toxic inorganic or organic acids.
[0229] In some embodiments, pharmaceutical compositions comprising an antisense oligonucleotide and pharmaceutical compositions comprising a siRNA specific to an HBV target are used for the preparation of a medicament for treating a patient suffering or susceptible to an HBV infection and / or an HBV-related condition.Kits and Articles of Manufacture
[0230] The disclosure provides kits and articles of manufacture for use with the methods described herein.In some embodiments, provided herein is a kit or an article of manufacture comprising an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target, as described herein, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same. In some embodiments, the kit or article of manufacture comprises an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target and an siRNA specific for an HBV target, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same.
[0231] In some embodiments, provided herein is a kit or an article of manufacture comprising a nucleic acid polymer and an siRNA specific for an HBV target, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same. In some embodiments, the kit or article of manufacture comprises a nucleic acid polymer and an siRNA specific for an HBV target, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same.
[0232] In some embodiments, the kit or article of manufacture further comprises a container, a pack, or a dispenser. In some embodiments, the kit or article of manufacture comprises multiple vials, each comprising a dose of antisense oligonucleotide (or nucleic acid polymer) and / or siRNA.
[0233] In some embodiments, the kit or article of manufacture comprises a dosage unit form of an antisense oligonucleotide (or nucleic acid polymer) and / or siRNA as described herein. Dosage unit form as used herein refers to physically discrete units suited as unitary dosages for the subject to be treated; each unit containing a predetermined quantity of the antisense oligonucleotide (or nucleic acid polymer) or siRNA calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. In some embodiments, the dosage unit form is a solution, pill, tablet, powder, spray, ointment, paste, cream, lotion, gel, patch, or inhalant.
[0234] The kit or article of manufacture can further include instructions or a label for using the kit to treat an HBV infection. In some embodiments, the instructions or label includes instructions for a dosing regimen as described herein. In some embodiments, the instructions or label includes a description of a method in which a first dose of the siRNA is administered before a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide, as described herein.
[0235] Any one of the antisense oligonucleotides (or nucleic acid polymers) and siRNAs described herein may be used in the kits and articles of manufacture described herein. In some embodiments, the kit or article of manufacture comprises an antisense oligonucleotide comprising a nucleobase sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the kit or article of manufacture comprises an antisense oligonucleotide comprising the nucleobase sequence of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto. In some embodiments, the kit or article of manufacture comprises an antisense oligonucleotide comprising the nucleotide sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or an antisense oligonucleotide comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto. In some embodiments, the kit or article of manufacture comprises an antisense oligonucleotide comprising the nucleotide sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%sequence identity thereto.
[0236] In some embodiments, the kit or article of manufacture further comprises at least one additional HBV treatment agent for the treatment of an HBV infection.
[0237] Although the disclosed teachings have been described with reference to various applications, methods, kits, articles of manufacture, and compositions, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the teachings herein and the scope of the following patent applications. ENUMERATED EMBODIMENTS
[0238] The following enumerated embodiments are provided as exemplary.
[0239] Embodiment 1. A method of treating an HBV infection, or HBV-related disease, disorder, or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof: a. a composition comprising at least one siRNA specific for an HBV target; and b. a composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target, wherein a first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered before a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0240] Embodiment 2. The method of embodiment 1, wherein the method reduces HBV antigen levels in the subject.
[0241] Embodiment 3. The method of embodiment 2, wherein the HBV antigen is HBsAg.
[0242] Embodiment 4. The method of embodiment 3, wherein the HBsAg levels are reduced by at least 3 fold relative to a subject who has not been administered with the composition comprising at least one siRNA and the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide.
[0243] Embodiment 5. The method of embodiment 2, wherein the HBV antigen is HBeAg.
[0244] Embodiment 6. The method of embodiment 1, wherein the HBeAg levels are reduced by at least 3 fold relative to a subject who has not been administered with the composition comprising at least one siRNA and the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide.
[0245] Embodiment 7. The method of embodiment 1, wherein the method reduces HBV DNA levels in the subject.
[0246] Embodiment 8. The method of embodiment 7, wherein the HBV DNA levels are reduced by at least 3 fold relative to a subject who has not been administered with the composition comprising at least one siRNA and the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide.
[0247] Embodiment 9. The method of any one of embodiments 1-8, wherein the at least one siRNA is selected from the group consisting of JNJ-3989 (ARO-HBV) , Vir-2218 (BRII-835) , AB-729, Xalnesiran (RG6346, DCR HBVS) , RBD1016, ALG-125755, HT-101, TQA3038, HRS-5635, BB-103, OLX703A, STP155G, KW-040, ALG-072571, STSG-0002, and RO7445482 (RG6346) .
[0248] Embodiment 10. The method of any one of embodiments 1-9, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is selected from the group consisting of GSK3389404, ALG-020572, ALG-020576, ALG-021682, ALG-021639, ALG-021618, REP 2139 and REP 2165, or an antisense oligonucleotide comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 modifications thereto.
[0249] Embodiment 11. The method of any one of embodiments 1-9, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is a modified antisense oligonucleotide.
[0250] Embodiment 12. The method of any one of embodiments 1-9, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or an antisense oligonucleotide comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 modifications thereto.
[0251] Embodiment 13. The method of any one of embodiments 1-12, wherein the at least one siRNA is administered at a dose of about 10 mg to 500 mg of the siRNA.
[0252] Embodiment 14. The method of embodiment 13, wherein the at least one siRNA is administered at a dose of about 60 mg to 200 mg.
[0253] Embodiment 15. The method of any one of embodiments 1-14, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 30 mg to 500 mg.
[0254] Embodiment 16. The method of embodiment 15, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 100 mg to 300 mg.
[0255] Embodiment 17. The method of any one of embodiments 1-16, wherein the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered as one dose or as multiple doses.
[0256] Embodiment 18. The method of embodiment 17, wherein a dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered every 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks.
[0257] Embodiment 19. The method of embodiment 18, wherein a subsequent dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks after a previous dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA.
[0258] Embodiment 20. The method of embodiment 17, wherein a second dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the siRNA.
[0259] Embodiment 21. The method of any one of embodiments 1-20, wherein the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered as multiple doses.
[0260] Embodiment 22. The method of embodiment 21, wherein a dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered every 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, or 12 weeks.
[0261] Embodiment 23. The method of embodiment 22, wherein a subsequent dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, or 12 weeks after a previous dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide.
[0262] Embodiment 24. The method of embodiment 21, wherein: a. a second dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 2 to 4 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; b. a third dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 6 to 8 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; c. a fourth dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 8 to 12 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; d. a fifth dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 12 to 16 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; and / or e. a sixth dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 21 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0263] Embodiment 25. The method of any one of embodiments 1-24, wherein the first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 15 days, 16, days, 17 days, 18 days, 19 days, 20 days, 21 days, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks before the first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0264] Embodiment 26. The method of embodiment 25, wherein the first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 2 weeks before the first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0265] Embodiment 27. The method of embodiment 26, wherein the first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 4 weeks before the first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0266] Embodiment 28. The method of any one of embodiments 1-27, wherein: a. a first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 7 days before a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; b. a second dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; and c. a third dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0267] Embodiment 29. A method of treating an HBV infection, or HBV-related disease, disorder, or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof: a. a composition comprising at least one siRNA specific for an HBV target; and b. a composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, GSK3389404, ALG-020572, ALG-020576, ALG-021682, ALG-021639, ALG-021618, REP 2139 and REP 2165, or an antisense oligonucleotide comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 modifications thereto.
[0268] Embodiment 30. The method of embodiment 29, wherein the method reduces HBV antigen levels in the subject.
[0269] Embodiment 31. The method of embodiment 30, wherein the HBV antigen is HBsAg.
[0270] Embodiment 32. The method of embodiment 31, wherein the HBsAg levels are reduced by at least 3 fold relative to a subject who has not been administered with the composition comprising at least one siRNA and the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide.
[0271] Embodiment 33. The method of embodiment 30, wherein the HBV antigen is HBeAg.
[0272] Embodiment 34. The method of embodiment 33, wherein the HBeAg levels are reduced by at least 3 fold relative to a subject who has not been administered with the composition comprising at least one siRNA and the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide.
[0273] Embodiment 35. The method of embodiment 29, wherein the method reduces HBV DNA levels in the subject.
[0274] Embodiment 36. The method of embodiment 35, wherein the HBV DNA levels are reduced by at least 3 fold relative to a subject who has not been administered with the composition comprising at least one siRNA and the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide.
[0275] Embodiment 37. The method of any one of embodiments 29-36, wherein the at least one siRNA is selected from the group consisting of JNJ-3989 (ARO-HBV) , Vir-2218 (BRII-835) , AB-729, Xalnesiran (RG6346, DCR HBVS) , RBD1016, ALG-125755, HT-101, TQA3038, HRS-5635, BB-103, OLX703A, STP155G, KW-040, ALG-072571, STSG-0002, and RO7445482 (RG6346) .
[0276] Embodiment 38. The method of any one of embodiments 29-37, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 456 or SEQ ID NO: 10, or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 modifications thereto.
[0277] Embodiment 39. The method of any one of embodiments 29-38 wherein the at least one siRNA is administered at a dose of about 10 mg to 500 mg of the siRNA.
[0278] Embodiment 40. The method of embodiment 39, wherein the at least one siRNA is administered at a dose of about 60 mg to 200 mg.
[0279] Embodiment 41. The method of any one of embodiments 29-40, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 30 mg to 500 mg.
[0280] Embodiment 42. The method of embodiment 41, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 100 mg to 300 mg.
[0281] Embodiment 43. The method of any one of embodiments 29-42, wherein the composition comprising at least one siRNA and the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide are administered concurrently.
[0282] Embodiment 44. The method of any one of embodiments 29-42, wherein the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered before the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide.
[0283] Embodiment 45. The method of any one of embodiments 29-42, wherein the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered after the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide.
[0284] Embodiment 46. The method of any one of embodiments 29-45, wherein the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered as one dose or as multiple doses.
[0285] Embodiment 47. The method of embodiment 46, wherein a dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered every 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks.
[0286] Embodiment 48. The method of embodiment 47, wherein a subsequent dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks after a previous dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA.
[0287] Embodiment 49. The method of embodiment 46, wherein a second dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the siRNA.
[0288] Embodiment 50. The method of any one of embodiments 29-49, wherein the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered as multiple doses.
[0289] Embodiment 51. The method of embodiment 50, wherein a dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered every 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, or 12 weeks.
[0290] Embodiment 52. The method of embodiment 51, wherein a subsequent dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, or 12 weeks after a previous dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide.
[0291] Embodiment 53. The method of embodiment 50, wherein a. a second dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 2 to 4 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; b. a third dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 6 to 8 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; c. a fourth dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 8 to 12 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; d. a fifth dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 12 to 16 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; and / or e. a sixth dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 21 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0292] Embodiment 54. The method of any one of embodiments 29-45, wherein a first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered on the same day as a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0293] Embodiment 55. The method of any one of embodiments 29-45, wherein a first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered before a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0294] Embodiment 56. The method of embodiment 55, wherein the first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 15 days, 16, days, 17 days, 18 days, 19 days, 20 days, 21 days, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks before the first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0295] Embodiment 57. The method of embodiment 56, wherein the first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 2 weeks before the first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0296] Embodiment 58. The method of embodiment 57, wherein the first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 4 weeks before the first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0297] Embodiment 59. The method of any one of embodiments 29-45, wherein: a. a first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 7 days before a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; b. a second dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; and c. a third dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0298] Embodiment 60. The method of any one of embodiments 29-45, wherein: a. a first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered on the same day as a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide, b. a second dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the siRNA, c. a second dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; d. a third dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; e. a fourth dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 10 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; f. a fifth dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; and g. a sixth dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 21 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0299] Embodiment 61. The method of any one of embodiments 29-45, wherein: a. a first dose of the composition comprising at least one siRNA is administered on the same day as a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide; and b. a second dose of the composition comprising at least one antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide.
[0300] Embodiment 62. The method of any of embodiments 1-61, wherein the dose, amount, and / or frequency of the composition comprising the siRNA and / or the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide is reduced following an indication that administration of the composition is not tolerated.
[0301] Embodiment 63. The method of any of embodiments 1-61, wherein the dose, amount, and / or frequency of the composition comprising the siRNA and / or the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide is maintained or reduced following an indication that administration of the composition is effective.
[0302] Embodiment 64. The method of any of embodiments 1-61, wherein the dose, amount, and / or frequency of the composition comprising the siRNA and / or the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide is increased following an indication that administration of the composition is not effective.
[0303] Embodiment 65. The method of any of embodiments 1-61, wherein the frequency of administration of composition comprising the siRNA and / or the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide is reduced following an indication that administration of the composition is effective.
[0304] Embodiment 66. The method of any of embodiments 1-61, wherein the frequency of administration of the composition comprising the siRNA and / or the composition comprising the antisense oligonucleotide is increased following an indication that administration of the composition is not effective.
[0305] Embodiment 67. The method of any of embodiments 1-66, wherein administering to the subject a composition comprising an additional HBV treatment agent.
[0306] Embodiment 68. The method of embodiment 67, wherein the additional HBV treatment agent is selected from the group consisting of ALG-010133, HBV CAM ALG-000184, recombinant interferon alpha 2b, IFN-a, PEG-IFN-a-2a, lamivudine, telbivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, clevudine, entecavir, tenofovir, tenofovir alafenamide, tenofovir disoproxil, NVR3-778, BAY41-4109, JNJ-632, RG6004, GSK3228836, REP-2139, REP-2165, JNJ-6379, GLS4, ABI-HO731, JNJ-440, NZ-4, RG7907, EDP-514, AB-423, AB-506, ABI-H03733 and ABI-H2158, peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor (PPAR) agonist, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist, lipid-altering agent, and amibufenamide.
[0307] Embodiment 69. The method of any one of embodiments 1-68, wherein the route of administration of any one of the siRNA, antisense oligonucleotide, and the additional HBV treatment agent to the subject is parenteral, subcutaneous, transdermal, intramuscular or intravenous.
[0308] Embodiment 70. The method of any of embodiments 1-69, wherein the HBV-related disease is a liver disease, liver disorder, or liver condition.
[0309] Embodiment 71. The method of embodiment 70, wherein the HBV-related disease is jaundice, liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, inflammation, liver cirrhosis, liver failure, diffuse hepatocellular inflammatory disease, hemophagocytic syndrome, serum hepatitis, HBV infection, HBV viremia, liver cancer or liver disease-related transplantation.
[0310] Although the disclosed teachings have been described with reference to various applications, methods, kits, and compositions, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the teachings herein and the scope of the following patent applications. The following examples are provided to better illustrate the disclosed teachings and are not intended to limit the scope of the teachings presented herein. Although the teaching has been explained by the implementation of these examples, those who are familiar with this technique can easily understand that there can be changes and modifications to the implementation of these examples without excessive and undue experimentation. These changes and modifications are within the scope of this teaching. EXAMPLES Example 1: Efficacy of antisense oligonucleotide administered alone or before or after siRNA in AAV-HBV mice
[0311] A study was performed to investigate the antiviral effects of the antisense oligonucleotide AUS1493 alone or in combination with an siRNA compound on serum HBV viral markers levels in AAV-HBV mice. In the mice administered both AUS1493 and an siRNA, the siRNA was administered either before or after AUS1493 to test the effect of the order of the doses on efficacy. Materials and Methods:
[0312] Antisense oligonucleotide: The antisense oligonucleotide AUS 1493 was synthesized as described in International Publication No. WO2023131098A2. Briefly, solid-phase synthesis is used to produce antisense oligonucleotides. Oligonucleotides are tethered to a solid surface when they are being made. In other words, within the solid-phase synthesis, an oligonucleotide being assembled is covalently bound, via its 3′-terminal hydroxyl group, to solid support material and remains attached to it over the entire course of the chain assembly. This synthesis process begins with the 3'-most nucleotide and proceeds through a series of cycles composed of four steps that are repeated until the 5'-most nucleotide is attached. These four steps are deprotection (A) , condensation (B) , capping (C) , and oxidation (D) , as stated below:
[0313] Step 1: Remove the DMTr attached to the 5'-OH group of the first base on the CPG monomer, and prepare to attach the next new base;
[0314] Step 2: Activate the new base monomer and prepare to react with the first base;
[0315] Step 3: The second base has a coupling reaction with the first base;
[0316] Step 4: Cap the 5'-OH of the first base that has not reacted so that it will no longer participate in the reaction;
[0317] Step 5: Oxidation ofnucleoside phosphites to more stable nucleoside phosphates;
[0318] Step 6: Repeat the cycle of Step 1~Step5 until the required oligonucleotide DNA sequence is synthesized.
[0319] Aminolysis: The synthesized antisense oligonucleotide is chemically cleaved from the solid carrier (CPG) , and the protective group is removed by aminolysis.
[0320] Purification: The modified primer purification method is as follows:
[0321] (1) PAGE purification: use denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to separate the primer DNA then the target DNA is recovered from the gel. The purity of the purified DNA is greater than 90%.
[0322] (2) HPLC purification: use the principle of high-performance liquid chromatography to purify the primer DNA to a purity greater than 90%.
[0323] Table 1A provides the nucleotide sequence of AUS 1493. In the sequence shown in Table 1A, lowercase font represents a 2'-deoxynucleoside, uppercase font represents a 2'-O-methoxyethyl nucleoside, and uppercase font preceded by a “+” sign represents a locked nucleic acid (LNA) . “A” represents an adenine base, “C” represents a 5-methylcytidine base, “G” represents a guanine base, and “T represents a thymine base. Table 1A. Sequence of antisense oligonucleotide AUS1493
[0324] siRNAs: Two commercially-available siRNAs for treating HBV infection were tested alone or in combination with AUS 1493. The first, referred to herein as “siRNA-R1” is also referred to as Vir-2218 in the art (Gupta, S.V., et al. (2021) Clinical and Preclinical Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of VIR-2218, an RNAi Therapeutic Targeting HBV Infection. Drugs in R&D, 21 (4) , 455-465) . The second, referred to herein as “siRNA-R2” is also referred to as JNJ-73763989, JNJ-3989, and ARO-HBV in the art (Sandra, L., et al. (2022) Plasma and Liver Pharmacokinetics of the N-Acetylgalactosamine Short Interfering RNA JNJ-73763989 in Recombinant Adeno-Associated-Hepatitis B Virus-Infected Mice. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 383 (1) , 70-79) .
[0325] HBV mouse model: Recombinant adeno-associated virus encoding 1.3 copies of the hepatitis B virus genome (rAAV-HBV1.3-mer WT replicon) were used and stored at -70℃before use. Male C57BL / 6 mice were aged 4-5 weeks. The AAV-HBV mouse model was constructed by hydrodynamic-inj ection a recombinant adeno-associated virus. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) -positive mice were used 60 days after the injection. The mice were maintained under specific pathogen-free conditions.
[0326] Serum HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) levels were detected using chemiluminescence immunoassays. Serum hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV DNA) levels were analyzed by a Fluorescent probe-PCR System with detection kits (GenScript) . Blood was centrifuged with a Thermo Fisher ScientificTM (USA) preparative ultracentrifuge.
[0327] The AUS1493 dosing solution was prepared by dissolving each compound in saline to make a stock solution at 10 mg / ml, which was diluted with saline again at a target concentration of 4.0 mg / ml. The siRNA-R2 and siRNA-R1 dosing solutions were prepared by dissolving each compound in saline to make a stock solution at 1.0 mg / ml, which was diluted with saline again at a target concentration of 0.3 mg / ml.
[0328] Based on animal body weight and serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels on 60 days after AAV-HBV injection, 26 male rAAV-1.3HBV-GTD carrier mice were randomly divided into eight group of 3 to 4 mice. As shown in Table 1B, mice were administered saline in Group 1, AUS1493 alone in Group 2, AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R1 in Group 3 and Group 4, siRNA-R1 alone in Group 5, AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R2 in Group 6 and Group 7, or siRNA-R2 alone in Group 8. Table 1B. Dosing schedule for AUS1493 and / or siRNA administration to mice
[0329] AUS1493 was dosed three-times at 40 mg / kg by subcutaneous injection to the mice, siRNA-R2 and siRNA-R1 was dosed once at 3 mg / kg by subcutaneous injection to the mice. Normal saline was administered as a negative control.
[0330] Specifically, as shown in Table 1B, in the mono-drug therapeutic groups, AUS1493 was dosed at 40 mg / kg on days 1, 4 and 8, and either siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 were dosed on day 1 at 3 mg / kg. In Groups 4 and 7, AUS1493 was dosed on days 1, 4 and 8 at 40 mg / kg, and then siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 was dosed on day 15 at 3mg / kg. In Groups 3 and 6, siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 was dosed first on day 1 at 3mg / kg, and then AUS1493 was dosed at 40mg / kg on days 8, 11 and 15. Each group was dosed with a dose volume of 10 ml / kg of body weight or an equal volume of normal saline as control.
[0331] Approximately 180 μl of blood sample was taken from a thigh vein on day 1 before dosing, and 4, 8, 11, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43 and 50 days after dosing. Blood samples were placed in an incubator at 37℃ for approximately 30 minutes, and then centrifuged in a precooled (0-4℃) centrifuge to obtain the serum samples. The obtained serum samples were stored in a -20℃ refrigerator for further analysis. Results:
[0332] Table 1C shows the average maximum reduction in HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels in the sera of mice treated with AUS1493 and / or siRNAs compared to the saline control. The average relative maximum reduction values were Log10 transformed, so that each unit decrease represents a 10-fold decrease relative to the saline control (e.g., 0 represents no change relative to the saline control, -1 represents a level 10-fold lower than the saline control, -2 represents a value 100-fold lower than the saline control, -3 represents a value 1000-fold lower than the saline control, etc. ) . In Table 1C, the results shown are the Log10-transformed mean ± standard deviation. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis was used for multiple comparisons, compared with saline control group; in Table 1C, *indicates P < 0.05, and **indicates P < 0.01. A t-test analysis was used for comparisons between two group, for example Group 3 and Group 4, or between Group 6 and Group 7; in Table 1C, #indicates P < 0.05, and ##indicates P < 0.01. Table 1C. Average relative maximum reductions (Log10) of serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels
[0333] As shown in Table 1C and FIGS. 1-2, compared with saline control, the AUS1493 alone group showed significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with the average maximum reductions of 2.92 Log10, 2.36 Log10 and 3.36 Log10. The siRNA-R1 alone group showed significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with the average maximum reductions of 1.50 Log10, 0.56 Log10 and 1.16 Log10. The siRNA-R2 alone showed group significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with average maximum reductions of 1.53 Log10, 0.56 Log10 and 1.33 Log10.
[0334] Among the different combination treatment groups, the combination of dosing siRNA (siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2) first, followed by AUS1493 was more effective in decreasing serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels than the groups in which AUS1493 was administered before the siRNA. The HBsAg reduction of Group 3 was 1.51-fold better than that of G4, the HBsAg reduction of Group 6 was 2.34-fold better than that of Group 7. AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R1 (Group 3) significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with the average maximum reductions of 3.36 Log10, 2.35 Log10 and 3.66 Log10. AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R2 (Group 6) significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with the average maximum reductions of 3.53 Log10, 2.63 Log10 and 3.69 Log10. Therefore, for both siRNAs tested, in the tested mouse model it was more effective to administer the siRNA first, followed by the antisense oligonucleotide, rather than the antisense oligonucleotide followed by the siRNA.
[0335] Body weight changes were comparable with the saline group for all treatment groups.
[0336] In summary, during days 1-50, compared with the saline control, the AUS1493 alone group significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, reached the maximum effect during days 8-22, and did not rebound to the baseline (day 0 levels) by day 50. Antiviral efficacy of AUS1493 was significantly better than siRNA-R1 and siRNA-R2 (two-way ANOVA analysis) . AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 had a better inhibitory effect on HBsAg levels than that of AUS1493 alone group, while had a similar inhibitory effect on serum HBeAg and HBV DNA levels as the AUS1493 alone group. Example 2: Efficacy of antisense oligonucleotide administered alone or combined with siRNA in AAV-HBV mice
[0337] Experiments were performed to investigate the antiviral effects on serum HBV viral markers levels of the antisense oligonucleotide AUS1493 alone or in combination with an siRNA compound in AAV-HBV transfected mice. Materials and Methods:
[0338] The antisense oligonucleotide AUS1493 and the siRNAs siRNA-R2 and siRNA-R1 were used, as described in Example 1.
[0339] The AAV-HBV mouse model was constructed as described in Example 1.
[0340] Serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels were measured as described in Example 1.
[0341] As described in detail below, AUS1493 was dosed six-times at 40 mg / kg by subcutaneous injection to the mice on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 15 and 22. siRNA-R2 or siRNA-R1 were dosed twice at 3 mg / kg by subcutaneous injection to the mice on days 1 and 15. Normal saline was administered as negative control. The AUS1493 dosing solution was prepared by dissolving each compound in saline to make a stock solution at 10 mg / ml, which was diluted with saline again at a target concentration of 4.0 mg / ml. The siRNA-R2 and siRNA-R1 dosing solutions were prepared by dissolving each compound in saline to make a stock solution at 1.0 mg / ml, which was diluted with saline again at a target concentration of 0.3 mg / ml.
[0342] Based on animal body weight and serum HBsAg, HbeAg and HBV DNA levels on 36 days after AAV-HBV injection, 29 male rAAV-1.3HBV-GTD carrier mice were randomly divided into eight group of 4 to 5 mice. As shown in Table 2A, mice were administered with saline in Group 1, siRNA-R2 alone in Group 2, AUS1493 alone in Group 3, AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R2 in Group 4, siRNA-R1 alone in Group 5, or AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R1 in Group 6. Table 2A. Dosing schedule for AUS1493 and / or siRNA administration to mice
[0343] In the mono-drug treatment group, AUS1493 at 40 mg / kg was dosed on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 15 and 22, siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 at 3 mg / kg were dosed on day 1 and 15, respectively. In the combination-drug treatment groups, AUS1493 at 40 mg / kg was dosed on day 1, 4, 8, 11, 15 and 22, and, at the same time, siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 at 3mg / kg was dosed on day 15. Each group was dosed with a dose volume of 10 ml / kg of body weight or an equal volume of normal saline as control. Serum samples were collected as described in Example 1. Results:
[0344] Table 2B shows the average maximum reduction in HbsAg, HbeAg and HBV DNA levels in the sera of mice treated with AUS1493 and / or siRNAs compared to the saline control. The average relative maximum reduction values were Log10 transformed, so that each unit decrease represents a 10-fold decrease relative to the saline control (e.g., 0 represents no change relative to the saline control, -1 represents a level 10-fold lower than the saline control, -2 represents a value 100-fold lower than the saline control, -3 represents a value 1000-fold lower than the saline control, etc. ) . In Table 2B, the results shown are the Log10-transformed mean ± standard deviation. A two-way ANOVA analysis was used for multiple comparisons, compared with saline control group; in Table 2B, *indicates P < 0.05, and **indicates P < 0.01. A t-test analysis was used for comparisons between two group; in Table 2B, #indicates P < 0.05, and ##indicates P < 0.01. Table 2B. The average relative maximum reductions (Log10) of serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels
[0345] As shown in Table 2B and FIG. 3, compared with saline control, the AUS1493 alone group (Group 3) significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with the average maximum reductions of 2.86 Log10, 3.12 Log10 and 3.13 Log 10. The siRNA-R2 alone group (Group 2) significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with the average maximum reductions of 1.73 Log10, 1.41 Log10 and 0.72 Log10. The siRNA-R1 alone group (Group 5) showed significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with the average maximum reductions of 1.66 Log10, 1.28 Log10 and 1.17 Log10.
[0346] Among the combination treatment groups, the AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R2 group (Group 4) significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with average maximum reductions of 3.52 Log10, 3.74 Log10 and 3.26 Log10. Finally, the AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R1 group (Group 6) significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with average maximum reductions of 2.92 Log10, 3.31 Log10 and 3.13 Log10. Body weight changes were comparable with the saline group for all treatment groups.
[0347] In summary, during days 1-71, compared with saline control, the AUS1493 alone group significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, and reached the maximum effect during days 8-29. Antiviral efficacy of AUS1493 alone (Group 3) was significantly better than siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 alone (Groups 5 and 2, respectively) . AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R2 (Group 4) had a better inhibitory effect on HBsAg levels than that of AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R1 (Group 6) . For all samples on day 71, serum HBsAg, HBeAg, HBV DNA levels did not rebound to the day 1 baseline. Example 3: Efficacy of dosing schedule for antisense oligonucleotide administered alone or combined with siRNA-R2 in AAV-HBV mice
[0348] The purpose of this study was to investigate the antiviral effects on serum HBV viral markers levels of AUS1493 alone and in combination with the GalNAc-siRNA siRNA-R2, in adeno-associated virus-hepatitis B virus (AAV-HBV) transfected mice. Materials and Methods:
[0349] The antisense oligonucleotide AUS1493 and the siRNA siRNA-R2 were used, as described in Example 1.
[0350] The AAV-HBV mouse model was constructed as described in Example 1, with the exception that here HBsAg-positive mice were used 61 days after injection with recombinant adeno-associated virus.
[0351] Serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels were measured as described in Example 1.
[0352] As described in detail below, AUS1493 was dosed twice at 40 mg / kg by subcutaneous injection to the mice on days 1 and 4. siRNA-R2 was dosed once at 3 mg / kg by subcutaneous injection to the mice on day 1. Normal saline was administered as negative control. The AUS1493 dosing solution was prepared by dissolving each compound in saline to make a stock solution at 10 mg / ml, which was diluted with saline again at a target concentration of 4.0 mg / ml. The siRNA-R2 dosing solutions were prepared by dissolving each compound in saline to make a stock solution at 1.0 mg / ml, which was diluted with saline again at a target concentration of 0.3 mg / ml.
[0353] Based on animal body weight and serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels on 61 days after AAV-HBV injection, 20 male rAAV-1.3HBV-GTD carrier mice were randomly divided into eight group of 5 mice. As shown in Table 3A, mice were administered with saline in Group 1, siRNA-R2 alone in Group 2, AUS1493 alone in Group 3, or AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R2 in Group 4. In Group 3, AUS1493 alone was dosed at 40 mg / kg on day 1 and day 4. In Group 2, siRNA-R2 alone was dosed at 3 mg / kg on day 1. In the combination-drug treatment Group 4, AUS1493 was dosed at 40 mg / kg on day 1 and day 4; on day 1, siRNA-R2 was dosed at 3mg / kg at the same time as the AUS1493 dose, but not at the same injection site. Each group was dosed with a dose volume of 10 ml / kg of body weight or an equal volume of normal saline as control. HBsAg-positive mice were dosed 61 days after rAAV-1.3HBV-GTD via subcutaneous injection. Table 3A. Dosing schedule for AUS1493 and / or siRNA administration to mice
[0354] Serum samples were collected as described in Example 1. Results:
[0355] Table 3B shows the average maximum reduction in HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels in the sera of mice treated with AUS1493 and / or siRNAs compared to the saline control. The average relative maximum reduction values were Log10 transformed, so that each unit decrease represents a 10-fold decrease relative to the saline control (e.g., 0 represents no change relative to the saline control, -1 represents a level 10-fold lower than the saline control, -2 represents a value 100-fold lower than the saline control, -3 represents a value 1000-fold lower than the saline control, etc. ) . In Table 3B, the results shown are the Log10-transformed mean ± standard deviation. A two-way ANOVA analysis was used for multiple comparisons, compared with saline control group; in Table 3B, *indicates P < 0.05 and **indicates P < 0.01. A t-test analysis was used to compare between two group; compared with siRNA-R2, #indicates P < 0.05, ## indicates P < 0.01; compared with AUS1493, $ indicates P < 0.05, and $$ indicates P < 0.01. Table 3B. Average relative maximum reductions (Log10) of serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels
[0356] As shown in Table 3B and FIG. 4, compared with saline control, the AUS1493 alone group (Group 3) showed significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with the average maximum reductions of 1.80 Log10, 2.02 Log10 and 2.48 Log10. The siRNA-R2 alone group (Group 2) significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with the average maximum reductions of 1.30 Log10, 0.71 Log10 and 0.58 Log10. In Group 4, AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R2 group significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, with the average maximum reductions of 2.47 Log10, 2.53 Log10 and 3.17 Log10. Body weight changes were comparable with the saline group for all treatment groups.
[0357] In summary, during days 1-43, compared with a saline control, the AUS1493 alone group exhibited significantly decreased serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, reached the maximum effect during days 8-15. Further, antiviral efficacy of AUS1493 was significantly better than siRNA-R2. AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R2 (Group 4) had a better inhibitory effect on HBsAg levels than that of AUS1493 alone (Group 3) or siRNA-R2 alone (Group 2) on serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels. Example 4: Efficacy of antisense oligonucleotide AUS1233 administered alone or before or after siRNA in AAV-HBV mice
[0358] Experiments were performed to investigate the antiviral effects of the antisense oligonucleotide AUS1233 (which has the same chemical structure as GSK-836, also referred to as bepirovirsen or GSK3228836, and previously known as ISIS505358 or IONIS-HBVRX) alone or in combination with an siRNA compound on serum markers of HBV viral levels in adeno-associated virus-hepatitis B virus (AAV-HBV) transfected mice. In the mice administered both AUS1233 and an siRNA, the siRNA was administered either before or after AUS1233 to test the effect of the order of the doses on efficacy. Materials and Methods:
[0359] The antisense oligonucleotide AUS1233 (SEQ ID NO: 10) was tested alone or in combination with an siRNA.
[0360] The siRNAs siRNA-R2 or siRNA-R1 were used, as described in Example 1.
[0361] The AAV-HBV mouse model was constructed as described in Example 1. HBsAg-positive mice were used 32 days after injection with recombinant adeno-associated virus.
[0362] Serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels were measured as described in Example 1.
[0363] As described in detail below, AUS1233 was dosed twice at 40 mg / kg by subcutaneous injection to the mice, siRNA-R2 and siRNA-R1 was dosed once at 3 mg / kg by subcutaneous injection to the mice. Normal saline was administered as negative control.
[0364] The AUS1233 dosing solution was prepared by dissolving each compound in saline to make a stock solution at 10 mg / ml, which was diluted with saline again at a target concentration of 4.0 mg / ml. The siRNA-R2 and siRNA-R1 dosing solutions were prepared by dissolving each compound in saline to make a stock solution at 1.0 mg / ml, which was diluted with saline again at a target concentration of 0.3 mg / ml.
[0365] Based on animal body weight and serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels on 32 days after AAV-HBV injection, 27 male rAAV-1.3HBV-GTD carrier mice were randomly divided into eight group of 3 mice, as shown in Table 4A. Mice were administered saline in Group 1, AUS1233 alone in Group 2, siRNA-R1 alone in Group 3, AUS1233 in combination with siRNA-R1 in Group 4 and Group 5, siRNA-R2 alone in Group 6, AUS1233 in combination with siRNA-R2 in Group 7, Group 8, and Group 9. Table 4A. Dosing schedule for AUS1233 and / or siRNA administration to mice
[0366] In mono-drug therapeutic groups, AUS1233 was dosed at 40 mg / kg on day 1 and 4 (Group 2) , and siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 were dosed at 3 mg / kg on day 1 (Groups 3 and 6, respectively) . In the combination therapy groups in which AUS1233 was administered first, AUS1233 was dosed at 40 mg / kg on day 1 and 4, and siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 were dosed at 3 mg / kg on day 11 (Groups 5 and 8, respectively) . In the combination therapy groups in which an siRNA was administered first, siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 was dosed at 3 mg / kg on day 1, and AUS1233 was dosed 40 mg / kg on days 8 and 11 (Groups 4 and 7, respectively) . Finally, in one combination therapy group, AUS1233 and siRNA-R2 were co-administered on day 1, with 40 mg / kg of AUS1233 and 3 mg / kg of siRNA-R2 administered at different injection sites on day 1, and then the same dose of AUS1233 on was administered again on day 4 (Group 9) . Each group was dosed with a dose volume of 10 ml / kg of body weight or an equal volume of normal saline as control. HBsAg-positive mice were dosed 32 days after rAAV-1.3HBV modeling via subcutaneous injection.
[0367] Approximately 80 μl of blood sample was taken from a thigh vein on day 1 (before dosing) , 4, 8, 11, 15, 22, 29 and 36 days after dosing. Blood samples were placed in an incubator at 37℃ for approximately 30 minutes, and then centrifuged in a precooled (0-4℃) centrifuge to obtain the serum samples. The obtained serum samples were stored in a -20℃ refrigerator for further analysis. Results:
[0368] Table 4B shows the average maximum reduction in HBsAg and HBeAg levels in the sera of mice treated with AUS1233 and / or siRNAs compared to the saline control. The average relative maximum reduction values were Log10 transformed, so that each unit decrease represents a 10-fold decrease relative to the saline control (e.g., 0 represents no change relative to the saline control, -1 represents a level 10-fold lower than the saline control, -2 represents a value 100-fold lower than the saline control, -3 represents a value 1000-fold lower than the saline control, etc. ) . In Table 4B, the results shown are the Log10-transformed mean ± standard deviation. For HBsAg and HBeAg average maximum reduction, a two-way ANOVA analysis was used for multiple comparisons, compared with saline control group; *indicates P < 0.05 and **indicates P < 0.01. A t-test analysis was used to compare between two group, compared with AUS1233; #indicates P < 0.05 and ##indicates P < 0.01. Table 4B. Average maximum reductions (Log10) of serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels
[0369] As shown in Table 4B and FIGS. 7-8, compared with the saline control (Group 1) , the AUS1233 alone group (Group 2) significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, with the average maximum reductions of 2.38 Log10, and 2.08 Log10. The siRNA-R1 alone group (Group 3) significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg, with the average maximum reductions of 1.94 Log10 and 1.07 Log10. The siRNA-R2 alone group (Group 6) significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg, with the average maximum reductions of 1.47 Log10, and 0.90 Log10.
[0370] The combination of dosing siRNA-R1 first and then AUS1233 (Group 4) was more effective in decreasing serum HbsAg and HbeAg levels than administering AUS1233 followed by siRNA-R1 (Group 5) (FIG. 7) . Specifically, in Group 4 there were significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, with the average maximum reductions of 3.18 Log10 and 2.58 Log10. In Group 5, there were significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, with the average maximum reductions of 2.97 Log10 and 2.45 Log10. The body weight change was comparable with the saline group for all treatment groups. Thus, the results for the AUS1233 and siRNA-R1 combination were consistent with the results described in Example 1, in which administering either siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 first, followed by AUS1493 was more effective in decreasing serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels than the groups in which AUS1493 was administered before the siRNA.
[0371] In contrast, the combination of dosing siRNA-R2 first and then AUS1233 (Group 7) was not more effective than administering AUS1233 followed by siRNA-R2 (Group 8) (FIG. 8) . In Group 7, there were significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, with the average maximum reductions of 3.14 Log10 and 2.46 Log10. In Group 8, there were also significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, with the average maximum reductions of 3.25 Log10 and 2.37 Log10. In the group in which AUS1233 was co-administered with siRNA-R2 on day 1 (Group 9) there were also significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, with the average maximum reductions of 3.11 Log10 and 2.64 Log10. Therefore, among the AUS1233 and siRNA-R2 co-therapy groups, Group 8 produced the lowest HBsAg levels, and Group 9 produced the lowest HBeAg levels. The body weight change was comparable with the saline group for all treatment groups.
[0372] In summary, during days 1-36, compared with saline control, the AUS1233 alone group significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, reached the maximum effect during days 8-15, and did not rebound to the baseline on day 36. Antiviral efficacy of AUS1233 was significantly better than siRNA-R1 and siRNA-R2. AUS1233 in combination with siRNA-R1 or siRNA-R2 had a better inhibitory effect on HBsAg levels than that of AUS1233 alone, and a similar inhibitory effect on serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels as AUS1233 alone. Example 5: Efficacy of AUS1493 alone or combined with siRNA administration in AAV-HBV mice
[0373] Experiments were performed to investigate the antiviral effects of the antisense oligonucleotide AUS1493 alone or in combination with an siRNA compound in adeno-associated virus-hepatitis B virus (AAV-HBV) transfected mice. The siRNA was administered before, after, or at the same time as AUS1493 to test the effect of the order of the doses on efficacy. Materials and Methods:
[0374] The antisense oligonucleotide AUS1493 and the siRNA siRNA-R1 were used, as described in Example 1.
[0375] The AAV-HBV mouse model was constructed as described in Example 1. HBsAg-positive mice were used 32 days after injection with recombinant adeno-associated virus.
[0376] Serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels were measured as described in Example 1.
[0377] The AUS1493 dosing solution was prepared by dissolving each compound in saline to make a stock solution at 10 mg / ml, which was diluted with saline again at a target concentration of 4.0 mg / ml. The siRNA-R1 dosing solutions were prepared by dissolving in saline to make a stock solution at 1.0 mg / ml, which was diluted with saline again at a target concentration of 0.3 mg / ml.
[0378] Based on animal body weight and serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels on 32 days after AAV-HBV injection, 18 male rAAV-1.3HBV-GTD carrier mice were randomly divided into eight group of 3 mice. As shown in Table 5A, mice were administered saline in Group 1, AUS1493 alone in Group 2, AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R1 in Group 3, Group 4 and Group 5, or siRNA-R1 alone in Group 6. Table 5A. Group design for compound treatment
[0379] As shown in Table 5A, in the mono-drug therapeutic group, AUS1493 at 40 mg / kg was dosed on Day 1 and 4, and siRNA-R1 at 3 mg / kg was dosed on Day 1. In combination-drug therapeutic group, one of the combination methods was that the AUS1493 at 40 mg / kg was dosed on Day 1 and 4, then, siRNA-R1 at 3 mg / kg was dosed on Day 11. Another combination method was that the siRNA-R1 at 3 mg / kg was dosed firstly on Day 1, then AUS1493 at 40 mg / kg was dosed on Day 8 and 11. The third combination method is to co administer 40 mg / kg of AUS1493 with 3 mg / kg of siRNA-R1 at different injection sites on Day 1, and then administer the same dose of AUS1493 on Day 4. Each group was dosed with a dose volume of 10 ml / kg of body weight or an equal volume of normal saline as control.
[0380] Approximately 80 μl of blood sample was taken from a thigh vein on 1 (before dosing) , 4, 8, 11, 15, 22, 29 and 36 days after dosing. Blood samples were placed in an incubator at 37℃ for approximately 30 minutes, and then centrifuged in a precooled (0-4℃) centrifuge to obtain the serum samples. The obtained serum samples were stored in a -20℃ refrigerator for further analysis. Results:
[0381] Table 5B shows the average maximum reduction in HBsAg and HBeAg levels in the sera of mice treated with AUS1493 and / or siRNA compared to the saline control. The average relative maximum reduction values were Log10 transformed, so that each unit decrease represents a 10-fold decrease relative to the saline control (e.g., 0 represents no change relative to the saline control, -1 represents a level 10-fold lower than the saline control, -2 represents a value 100-fold lower than the saline control, -3 represents a value 1000-fold lower than the saline control, etc. ) . In Table 5B, the results shown are the Log10-transformed mean ± standard deviation. A two-way ANOVA analysis was used for multiple comparisons, compared with saline control group; *indicates P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. A t-test analysis was used to compare between two group; compared with AUS1493, $ indicates P < 0.05, and $$ indicates P < 0.01. Table 5B. The average maximum reductions (Log10) of serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels
[0382] As shown in Table 5B and FIG. 9, compared with saline control, the AUS1493 alone group (Group 2) significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, with the average maximum reductions of 2.59 Log10, and 2.11 Log10. The siRNA-R1 alone group (Group 6) significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg, with the average maximum reductions of 1.94 Log10 and 1.07 Log10.
[0383] Among the combination treatment groups, the combination of dosing siRNA-R1 first and then AUS1493 (Group 3) was the most effective in decreasing serum HBsAg levels, with an average maximum reduction of 3.50 Log10. The group administered AUS1493 followed by siRNA-R1 (Group 4) showed significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, with average maximum reductions of 3.00 Log10 and 2.92 Log10. Thus, Group 4 produced the greatest reduction in HBeAg levels. The group administered AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R1 (Group 5) showed significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, with the average maximum reductions of 3.22 Log10 and 2.89 Log10. The body weight change was comparable with the saline group for all treatment groups.
[0384] In summary, during days 1-36, compared with saline control, the AUS1493 alone group significantly decreased serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, reached the maximum effect during days 8-15, and did not rebound to the baseline on Day 36. Antiviral efficacy of AUS1493 was significantly better than siRNA-R1. AUS1493 in combination with siRNA-R1 had better inhibitory effect on HBsAg levels than that of AUS1493 alone group, while had a similar inhibitory effect on serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels as the AUS1493 alone group.
Claims
A method of treating a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject:a. a small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for an HBV target; andb. an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target,wherein a first dose of the siRNA is administered before a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of claim 1, wherein the method reduces the level of HBV DNA in the subject.The method of claim 2, wherein the level of HBV DNA is reduced by at least 3 fold relative to the level of HBV DNA in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.The method of claim 1, wherein the method reduces the level of HBV mRNA in the subject.The method of claim 4, wherein the level of HBV mRNA is reduced by at least 3 fold relative to the level of HBV mRNA in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.The method of claim 1, wherein the method reduces the level of a HBV protein in the subject.The method of claim 6, wherein the HBV protein is HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) .The method of claim 7, wherein the level of HBsAg is reduced by at least 3 fold relative to the level of HBsAg in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.The method of claim 6, wherein the HBV protein is HBV e antigen (HBeAg) .The method of claim 9, wherein the level of HBeAg is reduced by at least 3 fold relative to the level of HBeAg in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.The method of any one of claims 1-10, wherein the siRNA is selected from the group consisting of JNJ-3989 (ARO-HBV, Daplusiran, Tomligisiran) , Vir-2218 (BRII-835, Elebsiran) , AB-729 (Imdusiran) , Xalnesiran (RG6346, DCR HBVS, RO7445482) , RBD1016 (SR016) , ALG-125755, HT-101, TQA3038, HRS-5635, BB-103, OLX703A, STP155G, KW-040, ALG-072571, STSG-0002, and BW-20507.The method of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.The method of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising at least 70%sequence identity thereto.The method of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is a modified antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any one of claims 1-14, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.The method of any one of claims 1-14, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 70%sequence identity thereto.The method of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is selected from the group consisting of AHB-137, GSK3228836, GSK3389404, ALG-020572, ALG-020576, ALG-021682, ALG-021639, and ALG-021618, or an antisense oligonucleotide comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.The method of any one of claims 1-17, wherein the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 10 mg to 500 mg.The method of claim 18, wherein the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 60 mg to 200 mg.The method of any one of claims 1-19, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 30 mg to 500 mg.The method of claim 20, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 100 mg to 300 mg.The method of any one of claims 1-21, wherein the siRNA is administered as one dose or as multiple doses.The method of claim 22, wherein a dose of the siRNA is administered every 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks.The method of claim 23, wherein a subsequent dose of the siRNA is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks after a previous dose of the siRNA.The method of claim 22, wherein a second dose of the siRNA is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the siRNA.The method of any one of claims 1-25, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as multiple doses.The method of claim 26, wherein a dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered every 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, or 12 weeks.The method of claim 27, wherein a subsequent dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, or 12 weeks after a previous dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of claim 26, wherein:a. a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 2 to 4 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;b. a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 6 to 8 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;c. a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 8 to 12 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;d. a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 12 to 16 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; and / ore. a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 21 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any one of claims 1-29, wherein the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 15 days, 16, days, 17 days, 18 days, 19 days, 20 days, 21 days, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of claim 30, wherein the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 2 weeks before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of claim 31, wherein the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 4 weeks before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any one of claims 1-32, wherein:a. a first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 7 days before a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;b. a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; andc. a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.A method of treating an HBV infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof:a. an siRNA specific for an HBV target; andb. an antisense oligonucleotide, wherein:i. the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto;ii. the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising at least 70%sequence identity thereto;iii. the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto;iv. the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 70%sequence identity thereto;v. the antisense oligonucleotide is selected from the group consisting of AHB-137, GSK3228836, GSK3389404, ALG-020572, ALG-020576, ALG-021682, ALG-021639, ALG-021618, or an antisense oligonucleotide comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.The method of claim 34, wherein the method reduces the level of HBV DNA in the subject.The method of claim 35, wherein the level of HBV DNA is reduced by at least 3 fold relative to the level of HBV DNA in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.The method of claim 34, wherein the method reduces the level of HBV mRNA in the subject.The method of claim 37, wherein the level of HBV mRNA is reduced by at least 3 fold relative to the level of HBV mRNA in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.The method of claim 34, wherein the method reduces the level of an HBV protein in the subject.The method of claim 39, wherein the HBV protein is HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) .The method of claim 40, wherein the level of HBsAg is reduced by at least 3 fold relative to the level of HBsAg in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.The method of claim 39, wherein the HBV protein is HBV e antigen (HBeAg) .The method of claim 42, wherein the level of HBeAg is reduced by at least 3 fold relative to the level of HBeAg in the subject before administering the antisense oligonucleotide and the siRNA.The method of any one of claims 34-43 wherein the siRNA is selected from the group consisting of JNJ-3989 (ARO-HBV, Daplusiran, Tomligisiran) , Vir-2218 (BRII-835, Elebsiran) , AB-729 (Imdusiran) , Xalnesiran (RG6346, DCR HBVS, RO7445482) , RBD1016 (SR016) , ALG-125755, HT-101, TQA3038, HRS-5635, BB-103, OLX703A, STP155G, KW-040, ALG-072571, STSG-0002, and BW-20507.The method of any one of claims 34-44 wherein the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 10 mg to 500 mg of the siRNA.The method of claim 45, wherein the siRNA is administered at a dose of about 60 mg to 200 mg.The method of any one of claims 34-46, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 30 mg to 500 mg.The method of claim 47, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at a dose of about 100 mg to 300 mg.The method of any one of claims 34-48, wherein the siRNA and the antisense oligonucleotide are administered concurrently.The method of any one of claims 34-48, wherein the siRNA is administered before the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any one of claims 34-48, wherein the siRNA is administered after the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any one of claims 34-51, wherein the siRNA is administered as one dose or as multiple doses.The method of claim 52, wherein a dose of the siRNA is administered every 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks.The method of claim 53, wherein a subsequent dose of the siRNA is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks after a previous dose of the siRNA.The method of claim 52, wherein a second dose of the siRNA is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the siRNA.The method of any one of claims 34-55, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide is administered as multiple doses.The method of claim 56, wherein a dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered every 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, or 12 weeks.The method of claim 57, wherein a subsequent dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, or 12 weeks after a previous dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of claim 56, whereina. a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 2 to 4 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;b. a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 6 to 8 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;c. a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 8 to 12 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;d. a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at about 12 to 16 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; and / ore. a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 21 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any one of claims 34-51, wherein a first dose of the siRNA is administered on the same day as a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any one of claims 34-51, wherein a first dose of the siRNA is administered before a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of claim 61, wherein the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13 days, 14 days, 15 days, 16, days, 17 days, 18 days, 19 days, 20 days, 21 days, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, 15 weeks, 16 weeks, 17 weeks, 18 weeks, 19 weeks, 20 weeks, 21 weeks, 22 weeks, 23 weeks, or 24 weeks before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of claim 62, wherein the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 2 weeks before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of claim 63, wherein the first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 4 weeks before the first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any one of claims 34-51, wherein:a. a first dose of the siRNA is administered at least 7 days before a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;b. a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; andc. a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any one of claims 34-51, wherein:a. a first dose of the siRNA is administered on the same day as a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide,b. a second dose of the siRNA is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the siRNA,c. a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;d. a third dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 7 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;e. a fourth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 10 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide;f. a fifth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 14 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; andg. a sixth dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 21 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any one of claims 34-51, wherein:a. a first dose of the siRNA is administered on the same day as a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide; andb. a second dose of the antisense oligonucleotide is administered at least 3 days after a first dose of the antisense oligonucleotide.The method of any of claims 1-67, wherein the dose, amount, and / or frequency of the siRNA and / or the antisense oligonucleotide is reduced following an indication that administration of the composition is not tolerated.The method of any of claims 1-67, wherein the dose, amount, and / or frequency of the siRNA and / or the antisense oligonucleotide is maintained or reduced following an indication that administration of the composition is effective.The method of any of claims 1-67, wherein the dose, amount, and / or frequency of the siRNA and / or the antisense oligonucleotide is increased following an indication that administration of the composition is not effective.The method of any of claims 1-67, wherein the frequency of administration of the siRNA and / or the antisense oligonucleotide is reduced following an indication that administration of the composition is effective.The method of any of claims 1-67, wherein the frequency of administration of the siRNA and / or the antisense oligonucleotide is increased following an indication that administration of the composition is not effective.The method of any of claims 1-72, wherein the method further comprises administering to the subject an additional HBV treatment agent.The method of claim 73, wherein the additional HBV treatment agent is selected from the group consisting of ALG-010133, HBV CAM ALG-000184, recombinant interferon alpha 2b, IFN-a, PEG-IFN-a-2a, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, tenofovir alafenamide, tenofovir amibufenamide, pradefovir mesylate, entecavir, lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, telbivudine, clevudine, NVR3-778, BAY41-4109, JNJ-632, ALG-001075, GS-SBA-1, AB-836, ABI-H0731, Linvencorvir, JNJ-0440, RG6004, GSK3228836, REP-2139, REP-2165, JNJ-6379, GLS4, ABI-HO731, JNJ-440, NZ-4, RG7907, EDP-514, AB-423, AB-506, ABI-H03733 and ABI-H2158, peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor (PPAR) agonist, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist, lipid-altering agent, and amibufenamide.The method of any one of claims 1-74, wherein the route of administration of any one of the siRNA, antisense oligonucleotide, or the additional HBV treatment agent to the subject is parenteral, subcutaneous, transdermal, intramuscular or intravenous.The method of any one of claims 1-75, wherein the subject is a human.The method of any one of claims 1-76, wherein the subject suffers from an HBV-related condition.The method of claim 77, wherein the HBV-related condition is a liver condition.The method of claim 78, wherein the HBV-related condition is jaundice, liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, inflammation, liver cirrhosis, liver failure, diffuse hepatocellular inflammatory disease, hemophagocytic syndrome, serum hepatitis, HBV infection, HBV viremia, liver cancer or liver disease-related transplantation.The method of any one of claims 1-79, wherein the HBV infection is a chronic HBV infection.A kit comprising:a. a small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for an HBV target; andb. an antisense oligonucleotide specific for an HBV target.The kit of claim 81, wherein:a. the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto;b. the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 5, and 840-1036, or a nucleobase sequence comprising at least 70%sequence identity thereto;c. the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or a nucleotide sequence comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto;d. the antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 10-666, or a nucleotide sequence comprising at least 70%sequence identity thereto; ore. the antisense oligonucleotide is selected from the group consisting of AHB-137, GSK3228836, GSK3389404, ALG-020572, ALG-020576, ALG-021682, ALG-021639, ALG-021618, or an antisense oligonucleotide comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 mismatches or modifications thereto.A method of treating an HBV infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject:a. a small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for an HBV target; andb. a nucleic acid polymer.A kit comprising:a. a small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for an HBV target; andb. a nucleic acid polymer.
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