Antenna system, base station, and terminal

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses an antenna system, a base station, and a terminal. The antenna system comprises a first feed piece, a feed structure, and a metasurface radiator; the first feed piece is used for exciting the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves of a first frequency band; the feed structure is used for exciting the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves of a second frequency band, and the second frequency band is different from the first frequency band; the orthographic projection area of the first feed piece on a first plane is a first projection area, and the first plane is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first feed piece; the orthographic projection area of the feed structure on the first plane is a second projection area, and the second projection area is located in an area defined by the first projection area. In this way, it can be ensured that the signals of the first frequency band and the signals of the second frequency band do not interfere with each other, and are normally received and transmitted, thereby effectively improving the working performance of the antenna system in a multi-frequency state.

Description

Antenna system, base station and terminal

[0001] This application claims priority from the Chinese patent application No. 202410656213.3 filed on May 24, 2024, and entitled "Antenna system, base station and terminal", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to an antenna system, a base station and a terminal. BACKGROUND

[0003] The base station antenna is the basis of current mobile communication and plays an important role in mobile communication. In order to meet the working requirements in different application scenarios, the base station antenna is developing towards multi-frequency. However, the signals of multiple frequency bands of the base station antenna are prone to mutual interference, resulting in that the base station antenna cannot work normally. Therefore, how to reduce the interference of signals of different frequency bands has become a problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0004] Some embodiments of the present application provide an antenna system, a base station and a terminal, which can reduce the interference of signals.

[0005] The present application is introduced from multiple aspects below, and the embodiments and advantages of the multiple aspects below can be mutually referred.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna system, which comprises a first feeding sheet, a feeding structure and a metasurface radiator. The first feeding sheet is configured to excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves of a first frequency band. The feeding structure is configured to excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves of a second frequency band, and the second frequency band is different from the first frequency band. The first feeding sheet has a first projection area on a first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first feeding sheet. The feeding structure has a second projection area on the first plane, and the second projection area is located within the area surrounded by the first projection area.

[0007] According to the embodiments of the present application, since the second projection area is located within the area surrounded by the first projection area, the current generated in the process of the first feeding sheet radiating electromagnetic waves can be prevented from interfering with the current generated in the process of the feeding structure radiating electromagnetic waves, so as to ensure that the first feeding sheet can normally radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator, and the feeding structure can normally radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator. In addition, the first feeding sheet will not hinder the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feeding structure, and vice versa, the feeding structure will not hinder the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first feeding sheet. Therefore, the working performance of the antenna system under the multi-frequency state can be effectively improved.

[0008] In some embodiments, the distance between the geometric center of the feeding structure and the geometric center of the first feeding patch is less than λ / 5, for example, λ / 6, λ / 7, λ / 8, etc., where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the second frequency band. In this way, the interference between the first feeding patch and the second feeding patch can be further reduced, and the working performance of the first feeding patch and the second feeding patch can be improved.

[0009] In some of the embodiments, the distance between the geometric center of the feeding structure and the geometric center of the first feeding patch can be less than λ / 10, for example, λ / 11, λ / 12, λ / 13, etc. In this way, the interference between the first feeding patch and the second feeding patch can be further reduced, and the working performance of the first feeding patch and the second feeding patch can be improved.

[0010] In some embodiments, the feeding structure is a feeding slot, and the feeding slot is formed on the first feeding patch.

[0011] In some embodiments, the feeding slot has a ±45° polarization direction, and includes a first slot and a second slot which are not connected to each other. The extension direction of one of the first slot and the second slot is parallel to the +45° polarization direction, and the extension direction of the other slot is parallel to the -45° polarization direction.

[0012] In this way, the feeding slot can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves with ±45° polarization, so that the antenna system has ±45° dual polarization, and the application range of the antenna system is expanded.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first slot and the second slot are arranged in a cross manner, and the second slot is divided into a first sub-slot and a second sub-slot by the first slot.

[0014] According to the embodiments of the present application, the first slot is a continuous and uninterrupted slot, and the second slot is composed of two discontinuous slots. In this way, the interference between the second slot and the first slot can be avoided. Meanwhile, the structure of the feeding line corresponding to the first slot can be simpler, so that the layout of the wire is effectively simplified, and the overall structure of the antenna system is more concise.

[0015] In some embodiments, the feeding structure is a second feeding patch, and the first feeding patch is arranged around the second feeding patch and is spaced apart from the second feeding patch.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first feeding patch and the second feeding patch are coplanar. In this way, the interference between the first feeding patch and the second feeding patch can be further reduced, and the working performance of the first feeding patch and the second feeding patch can be improved.

[0017] Exemplarily, the coplanar in the present application is not an absolute coplanar, and the approximate coplanar caused by processing errors and assembly errors is also within the range of the coplanar in the present application. For example, the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet can be approximately parallel and substantially in the same plane. That is, the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet can have a certain range of included angle. Alternatively, the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet can have a certain spacing.

[0018] In some embodiments, the capacitance between the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet is less than 1 pF, for example, 0.9 pF, 0.8 pF, 0.7 pF, 0.6 pF, 0.5 pF, 0.4 pF, etc. In this way, the interference between the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet can be further reduced, and the working performance of the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet can be improved.

[0019] In some embodiments, the gap between the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet along the first plane is greater than λ / 10, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the second frequency band. For example, the distance between the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet can be λ / 9, λ / 8, λ / 7, λ / 6, λ / 5, λ / 4, etc. In this way, the interference between the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet can be further reduced, and the working performance of the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet can be improved.

[0020] In some embodiments, the antenna system further comprises a feeding line corresponding to the feeding structure, and the feeding line is arranged on the side of the first feeding sheet away from the metasurface radiator. The feeding line is used to excite the feeding structure to radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator.

[0021] In some embodiments, the feeding line has a third projection area in the orthographic projection area of the first plane, and the third projection area is located within the area enclosed by the outer contour line of the first projection area. In this way, while ensuring that the feeding line normally excites the feeding structure to radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator, interference of the feeding line to the first feeding sheet can be avoided.

[0022] In some embodiments, the feeding structure is a feeding slot, and the feeding slot is arranged on the first feeding sheet. At this time, the third projection area partially overlaps the first projection area. In this way, while ensuring that the feeding line normally excites the feeding slot to radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator, interference of the feeding line to the first feeding sheet can be avoided.

[0023] In some embodiments, the feeding structure is the second feeding sheet, and the first feeding sheet is arranged around the second feeding sheet and spaced apart from the second feeding sheet. At this time, the third projection area is located within the area enclosed by the first projection area. In this way, while ensuring that the feeding line normally excites the second feeding sheet to radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator, interference of the feeding line to the first feeding sheet can be avoided.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first feeding patch has a polarization direction of ±45°. Specifically, the first feeding patch is provided with a first feeding arm and a second feeding arm, the first feeding arm has an extending direction parallel to the +45° polarization direction, and the second feeding arm has an extending direction parallel to the -45° polarization direction.

[0025] In this way, the first feeding patch can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves with a polarization of ±45°, so as to realize dual-polarization radiation of the antenna system with a polarization of ±45°, and expand the application range of the antenna system.

[0026] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a base station, which comprises the antenna system provided in any of the embodiments of the first aspect of the present application.

[0027] In some embodiments, the base station further comprises a baseband processing unit and a radio frequency processing unit, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the antenna system through the radio frequency processing unit.

[0028] In some embodiments, the base station further comprises a baseband processing unit, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the antenna system.

[0029] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a terminal, which comprises the antenna system provided in any of the embodiments of the first aspect of the present application.

[0030] In some embodiments, the terminal further comprises a housing, and the antenna system is arranged on the housing.

[0031] It should be understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect and the third aspect described above can refer to the description of the first aspect described above, and will not be described here. The technical effects brought by any one of the embodiments of the second aspect and the third aspect can refer to the technical effects brought by different embodiments of the first aspect described above, and will not be described here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] FIG. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a base station in the embodiments of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of a terminal in the embodiments of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 3A shows a top view of the antenna system in some technical solutions;

[0035] FIG. 3B shows a sectional view of the antenna system along the section A-A in FIG. 3A in some technical solutions;

[0036] FIG. 4A shows a top view of the antenna system in the embodiments of the present application;

[0037] FIG. 4B shows a sectional view of the antenna system along the section B-B in FIG. 4A in the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] FIG. 4C shows an exemplary structure of the first feeding sheet and the feeding structure in the antenna system in the embodiments of the present application;

[0039] FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first feeding sheet and the feeding slot when in operation in the embodiments of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary structure of the feeding slot in the embodiments of the present application;

[0041] FIG. 7A shows a top view of the feeding structure in the embodiments of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 7B shows a sectional view of the feeding structure along the section plane C-C in FIG. 7A in the embodiments of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 8 shows an exemplary structure of the metasurface radiator in the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, some concepts or terms involved in the present application are first explained.

[0045] Metasurface (MTS) material: Metasurface material refers to an artificial layered material with a thickness less than the working wavelength, which is composed of sub-wavelength microstructure units (or "artificial atoms") with specific electromagnetic responses. By reasonably designing the geometric structure, material, and other parameters of the microstructure units, the metasurface can have arbitrary electromagnetic parameters, such as permittivity, permeability, etc., so as to flexibly control the phase, polarization mode, amplitude, and other characteristics of electromagnetic waves.

[0046] The metasurface material can be used to make the radiators (or "antenna units", "antenna elements", "elements", "radiation units", etc.) of the antenna, so as to form an antenna with different working performances, such as a multi-polarized antenna, etc. For ease of description, the radiator made of metasurface material will be referred to as metasurface radiator hereinafter. The metasurface radiator can be excited by the feeding structure (for example, the first feeding sheet 10, the feeding structure 20, etc. described below), so as to radiate electromagnetic waves outward; or the metasurface radiator can also receive electromagnetic waves from the outside, so as to radiate electromagnetic waves outward.

[0047] Floor: The floor can also be referred to as a reflecting plate, a bottom plate, an antenna panel, or a reflecting surface, etc. When the radiator receives the antenna signal, the floor can reflect and concentrate the antenna signal on the receiving point, so as to realize directional reception; when the radiator transmits the antenna signal, the floor can realize directional transmission of the antenna signal. The floor can enhance the receiving or transmitting capability of the antenna signal of the radiator, and can also block and shield other signals from the back of the floor (the back refers to the side of the floor facing away from the radiator) to interfere with the antenna signal, so as to improve the gain of the antenna.

[0048] In some embodiments of the application, the floor can be made of a conductive material. In some implementations, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver plated copper, silver plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin plated copper, graphite powder impregnated cloth, graphite coated substrate, copper plated substrate, brass plated substrate, and aluminum plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the floor can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0049] Embodiments of the application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0050] The application provides an antenna system, a base station and a terminal. The antenna system can include, but is not limited to, any one or more of the following: a passive antenna, a multiple-input multiple-out-put (MIMO) antenna system, a massive MIMO antenna system.

[0051] It can be understood that the base station can be referred to as an access network device or an access node, which can be located in a base station subsystem (base station subsystem, BBS), a universal terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (evolved universal terrestrial radio access network, E-UTRAN), and is used for cell coverage of wireless signals to realize communication between terminal devices and wireless networks. Specifically, the base station can be a base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (global system for mobile communication, GSM) or code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA) system, a node B (node B, NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) system, an evolved node B (evolutional node B, eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, a transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), a next generation base station (next generation node B, gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, a next generation base station in a 6th generation (6th generation, 6G) mobile communication system, an access network device or a module of an access network device in an open access network (open RAN, ORAN) system, a base station in a future mobile communication system or an access node in a wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wi-Fi) system, etc. The base station can also be a centralized unit (central unit, CU), a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU), a CU-control plane (control plane, CP), a CU-user plane (user plane, UP), or a radio unit (radio unit, RU), etc. described below. Among them, in the ORAN system, the CU can also be referred to as an O-CU, the DU can also be referred to as an open (open, O)-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU.The base station of the present application can be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, a relay node or a donor node, or can also be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Or the base station can also be a server, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a gNodeB (gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, an access network device in a future evolved network, etc., for example, the base station in a vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU), and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations. In addition, it can be understood that the terminal provided by the present application can be a customer premises equipment (CPE). The CPE can be, for example, a network device that converts mobile cellular signals, such as signals in an LTE, wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA) or global system for mobile communication (GSM) system, into wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) signals or wireless local area networks (WLAN) signals. In some embodiments, the CPE can be a fixed wireless access (FAW) device, where FAW is a technology that combines fixed network communication and wireless communication to provide broadband access services for users. Alternatively, the terminal can also be a lampsite, which can be used to introduce base station signals indoors to solve the problem of indoor blind area coverage.

[0052] The exemplary structure of the base station and the terminal will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0053] FIG. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a base station 1 in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 1, the base station 1 includes an antenna system 01, an antenna adjustment support 02, a mounting rack 03, a cable 04, a radio frequency processing unit 05, a baseband processing unit 06, a grounding device 07 and a joint sealing member 08.

[0054] Specifically, the antenna system 01 can be installed on the mounting rack 03 through the antenna adjustment support 02, so as to facilitate the reception or transmission of signals of the antenna system 01. Exemplarily, the mounting rack 03 can be a pole or a tower, etc. In other embodiments, the antenna system 01 can also be directly installed on the mounting rack 03.

[0055] The antenna system 01 can include a radome 13. The radome 13 is internally provided with various devices such as radiators, a floor (not shown), and the like. The radome 13 has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the influence of external harsh environments in terms of mechanical performance, thereby protecting the devices inside the radome 13 from the external environment.

[0056] The devices inside the radome 13 in the antenna system 01 can be connected to the radio frequency processing unit 05 through the cable 04, and the baseband processing unit 06 can be connected to the devices inside the radome 13 in the antenna system 01 through the radio frequency processing unit 05. In this way, the radio frequency processing unit 05 can perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signals received by the antenna system 01, and convert the signals into intermediate frequency signals or baseband signals and send them to the baseband processing unit 06; or the radio frequency processing unit 05 converts the baseband processing unit 06 or the intermediate frequency signals through up-conversion and amplification processing and converts them into electromagnetic waves through the antenna system 01 and sends them out.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the radio frequency processing unit 05 can also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 06 can also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1, the radio frequency processing unit 05 can be integrally arranged with the antenna system 01, and the baseband processing unit 06 is located at the far end of the antenna system 01. At this time, the radio frequency processing unit 05 and the antenna system 01 can be collectively referred to as an active antenna unit (AAU). It should be noted that FIG. 1 is only an example of the positional relationship between the radio frequency processing unit 05 and the antenna system 01. In some other embodiments of the present application, the radio frequency processing unit 05 and the baseband processing unit 06 can also be located at the far end of the antenna system 01 at the same time. At this time, the antenna system 01 can be referred to as a passive antenna unit (PAU).

[0059] The grounding device 07 is arranged on the cable 04. The grounding device 07 can play the roles of electrical grounding, lightning protection, over-voltage protection, and maintenance of equipment performance, and helps to ensure the stability and safety of the operation of the base station 1.

[0060] The joint sealant 08 is arranged at the connection between the radome 13 of the antenna system 01 and the cable 04 and the connection between the grounding device 07 and the cable 04 to play an insulation sealing role. The joint sealant 08 can be at least one of an insulation sealing tape or a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulation glue. Of course, the joint sealant 08 can also have other structures and is not limited to the form of a tape.

[0061] FIG. 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of a terminal 2 in an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 2 is described by taking the terminal 2 as an example of a client terminal device. Referring to FIG. 2, the terminal 2 includes an antenna system 01, a communication module 09, and a housing 091. The antenna system 01 and the communication module 09 can be arranged on the housing 091, for example, in the interior of the housing 091. The antenna system 01 can be connected to the communication module 09. In this way, the communication module 09 can send a signal to the antenna system 01 to make the antenna system 01 radiate electromagnetic waves, or the communication module 09 can receive a signal from the antenna system 01 and process the signal to convert the signal into a signal suitable for a conventional 2G, 3G, LTE network system, or a new radio (NR) network system (also referred to as a 5G system), or a future other network system, for example, a Wi-Fi signal, a WLAN signal, and the like.

[0062] It should be noted that the structures of the base station 1 in the example shown in FIG. 1 and the terminal 2 in the example shown in FIG. 2 are only illustrative. The actual shape, actual size, actual position, and actual structure of each component in the base station 1 and the terminal 2 in the embodiments of the present application are not limited by FIGS. 1 and 2. In addition, the base station 1 and the terminal 2 can include more or fewer components to achieve other functions. For example, the base station 1 can further include more antennas to be able to transmit and receive more signals. For another example, the terminal 2 can further include a circuit board, a heat sink, and the like, which are not limited by the present application.

[0063] As described above, the antenna systems in the base station and the terminal need to support more and more frequency bands. Therefore, the current antenna system is usually a multi-frequency antenna system. An exemplary structure of a multi-frequency antenna system is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0064] FIGS. 3A and 3B show an exemplary structure of an antenna system 01a in some technical solutions. FIG. 3A is a top view of the antenna system 01a, and FIG. 3B shows a sectional view of the antenna system 01a along section A-A in FIG. 3A. In FIG. 3A, the floor 12 is not shown for ease of observation, and in FIG. 3B, the floor 12 is shown.

[0065] Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the antenna system 01a includes a first feeding patch 10a, a second feeding patch 20a, a metasurface radiator 11, and a ground plate 12. The first feeding patch 10a and the second feeding patch 20a are configured to radiate electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands. The ground plate 12, the first feeding patch 10a, the second feeding patch 20a, and the metasurface radiator 11 can be arranged in sequence along a Z direction. The Z direction can be, for example, a thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11 (also referred to as a direction perpendicular to a surface of the metasurface radiator 11 facing the ground plate 12).

[0066] Specifically, the first feeding patch 10a is arranged close to a middle portion of the metasurface radiator 11. The first feeding patch 10a can be connected to a first feeding port P1a by a connecting pin 101a. The connecting pin 101a can pass through the ground plate 12, so that at least a portion of the first feeding port P1a can be located on a side of the ground plate 12 facing away from the metasurface radiator 11. In this way, the first feeding port P1a can be connected to an external connector (for example, an SMA (sub miniature version A) connector) to electrically connect the first feeding patch 10a to a corresponding feeding line. The first feeding patch 10a can receive a feeding signal transmitted by the corresponding feeding line, so as to excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves of the f1 frequency band.

[0067] The second feeding patch 20a is arranged in a 3x3 rectangular array. It can be understood that the specific structure and connection relationship of the second feeding patch 20a are substantially the same as those of the first feeding patch 10a, and specific details can be referred to the above description of the first feeding patch 10a, which will not be repeated here. The second feeding patch 20a can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves of the f2 frequency band.

[0068] In this way, the antenna system 01a can work in the f1 frequency band and the f2 frequency band, thereby realizing a multi-frequency function.

[0069] It is worth noting that one of the second feeding patches 20a is also arranged close to the middle portion of the metasurface radiator 11. Therefore, the first feeding patch 10a and the second feeding patch 20a overlap in the Z direction, and the first feeding patch 10a blocks the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second feeding patch 20a, thereby causing the antenna system 01a to work abnormally.

[0070] To solve the above problem, the present application provides an antenna system. By redesigning the feeding structure corresponding to the f1 frequency band and the feeding structure corresponding to the f2 frequency band, the antenna system can ensure that the signals of the f1 frequency band and the signals of the f2 frequency band do not interfere with each other and are normally transmitted and received, thereby effectively improving the working performance of the antenna system in a multi-frequency state. Details are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] FIGS. 4A and 4B show an exemplary structure of the antenna system 01 in the embodiments of the present application, where FIG. 4A is a top view of the antenna system 01, and FIG. 4B shows a cross-sectional view of the antenna system 01 along the section line B-B in FIG. 4A, where the floor 12 is not shown in FIG. 4A for the convenience of observation, and the floor 12 is shown in FIG. 4B. FIG. 4C shows an exemplary structure of the first feeding patch 10 and the feeding structure 20 in the antenna system 01 in the embodiments of the present application. Referring to FIGS. 4A to 4C, the antenna system 01 includes the first feeding patch 10, the feeding structure 20, and the metasurface radiator 11.

[0072] wherein the first feeding patch 10 and the feeding structure 20 can be oppositely arranged along the Z direction with the metasurface radiator 11. It should be noted that the A and B oppositely arranged along a certain direction in the embodiments of the present application can mean that the A and B are face to face arranged. For example, when the first feeding patch 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 are oppositely arranged along the Z direction, the first feeding patch 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 oppositely arranged have at least a partially overlapped region along the Z direction. In some embodiments, the first feeding patch 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 are adjacently arranged without other devices arranged therebetween, and in other embodiments, other devices can also be arranged between the first feeding patch 10 and the metasurface radiator 11, which is not limited in the present application.

[0073] The first feeding patch 10 is used to excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves of the f1 frequency band (as an example of the first frequency band). For example, when a voltage signal is applied to the first feeding patch 10, a strong electric field and a magnetic field will be formed at the edge of the first feeding patch 10, and these changing electric field and magnetic field interact with each other, so that the first feeding patch 10 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, and then excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves of the f1 frequency band. Wherein the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first feeding patch 10 can be electromagnetic waves of the f1 frequency band, or electromagnetic waves of other frequency bands different from the f1 frequency band. Exemplarily, the f1 frequency band can be 690MHz-960MHz, for example.

[0074] The feeding structure 20 is configured to excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f2 frequency band (as an example of the second frequency band). In some embodiments, the feeding structure 20 can be a feeding slot 21 formed on the first feeding patch 10. When a voltage signal is applied to the edges of the feeding slot 21, current will flow around the edges of the feeding slot 21 and cannot directly flow through the feeding slot 21, thereby forming strong electric and magnetic fields. The changing electric and magnetic fields interact with each other at the feeding slot 21, enabling the feeding slot 21 to radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, thereby exciting the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f2 frequency band. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the feeding slot 21 can be electromagnetic waves in the f2 frequency band or electromagnetic waves in other frequency bands different from the f2 frequency band. In other embodiments, the feeding structure 20 can be a feeding patch (e.g., the second feeding patch 22 described below), which operates in substantially the same manner as the first feeding patch 10 described above. For details, please refer to the description of the first feeding patch 10 above.

[0075] The f2 frequency band is different from the f1 frequency band. For example, the f2 frequency band can be 1700-2700 MHz. Based on this, the antenna system 01 can operate in the f1 frequency band and the f2 frequency band, thereby realizing a multi-frequency function.

[0076] The first feeding patch 10 has a first projection area S1 in the first plane F1. For example, the first projection area S1 can be the area filled with grid lines in FIG. 4C. The first plane F1 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first feeding patch 10, for example, the Z direction.

[0077] The feeding structure 20 has a second projection area S2 in the first plane F1. In some embodiments, the feeding structure 20 can be a feeding slot 21 formed on the first feeding patch 10. Accordingly, the second projection area S2 can be the area filled with dots in FIG. 4C. The second projection area S2 is located within the area enclosed by the first projection area S1. It should be noted that when the feeding structure 20 is the feeding slot 21, the second projection area S2 is the projection area of the space enclosed by the feeding slot 21 in the first plane F1.

[0078] The area enclosed by the first projection area S1 can refer to the area enclosed by the inner contour line L1 of the first projection area S1 (and not overlapping). The first projection area S1 does not overlap with the area enclosed by the first projection area S1. In this way, when the second projection area S2 is located within the area enclosed by the first projection area S1, the first feeding patch 10 does not hinder the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feeding slot 21, and vice versa, the feeding slot 21 does not hinder the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first feeding patch 10.

[0079] Exemplarily, the inner contour line L1 of the first projection region S1 can be a boundary line inside the first projection region S1, which generally represents a hole or other features inside the region. Correspondingly, the outer contour line L2 of the first projection region S1 can be a boundary line outside the first projection region S1. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 4C, the area surrounded by the inner contour line L1 of the first projection region S1 is similar to a cross shape, that is, the area surrounded by the first projection region S1 is similar to a cross shape. The area surrounded by the outer contour line L2 of the first projection region S1 is similar to a mouth shape. The second projection region S2 has the same shape as the cross-shaped region surrounded by the first projection region S1 and is located in the cross-shaped region. It can also be understood that there is a hollow region in the center of the first projection region S1, and the second projection region S2 is embedded in the hollow region, thereby forming two complementary patterns with the first projection region S1.

[0080] In this way, the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first feeding sheet 10 to the feeding structure 20 can be effectively avoided, thereby effectively improving the working performance of the antenna system 01 in the multi-frequency state. In order to facilitate understanding of the effect of the technical scheme of the present application, the following will be described in combination with specific structures.

[0081] Continuing to refer to FIGS. 4A to 4C, the feeding slot 21 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, thereby exciting the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f2 frequency band. The current distribution of the first feeding sheet 10 and the feeding slot 21 in the example shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C will be exemplarily described below in combination with a specific embodiment, that is, FIG. 5.

[0082] FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first feeding sheet 10 and the feeding slot 21 in the working process according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 5, the current corresponding to the first feeding sheet 10 in the process of radiating electromagnetic waves is I1. The intensity of the current I1 gradually weakens from the four peripheral edge portions S01 of the first feeding sheet 10 to the middle portion of the first feeding sheet 10. The four peripheral edge portions S01 of the first feeding sheet 10 may, for example, be the area filled with diagonal lines “ / ” in FIG. 5, and the middle portion of the first feeding sheet 10 is the portion of the first feeding sheet 10 other than the four peripheral edge portions S01, for example, the area S02 filled with diagonal lines “\” in FIG. 5. That is, the current I1 is mainly distributed in the four peripheral edge portions S01 of the first feeding sheet 10. The current corresponding to the feeding slot 21 in the process of radiating electromagnetic waves is I2. The current I2 is concentratedly distributed near the feeding slot 21, for example, in the area S02.

[0083] Since the main distribution positions of the current I1 and the current I2 are staggered, the current I1 and the current I2 do not generate large interference. Thus, the first feeding sheet 10 can normally radiate electromagnetic waves, and the feeding slot 21 can normally radiate electromagnetic waves. Moreover, the first feeding sheet 10 does not hinder the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feeding slot 21, and vice versa, the feeding slot 21 does not hinder the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first feeding sheet 10. Thus, the working performance of the antenna system 01 in the multi-frequency state can be effectively improved.

[0084] Next, the exemplary structure and feeding principle of the first feeding sheet 10 and the feeding slot 21 in the examples shown in FIGS. 4A and 4C will be introduced in sequence with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0085] Referring to FIGS. 4A to 4C, in some embodiments of the present application, the first feeding sheet 10 can be a ±45° dual-polarized feeding sheet, which has a ±45° polarization direction. That is, the first feeding sheet 10 can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves with a ±45° polarization, thereby realizing ±45° dual-polarized radiation of the antenna system 01.

[0086] Specifically, the edge of the first feeding sheet 10 can be provided with a first feeding arm 101-1 and a second feeding arm 101-2. The extension direction of the first feeding arm 101-1 can be parallel to the +45° polarization direction, for example, as shown by the N1 direction in FIG. 4C, and the N1 direction can be parallel to the first plane F1. The first feeding arm 101-1 is connected with a +45° polarization port P1-1 to realize +45° polarization excitation. The extension direction of the second feeding arm 101-2 can be parallel to the -45° polarization direction, for example, as shown by the N2 direction in FIG. 4C, and the N2 direction can be parallel to the first plane F1. The second feeding arm 101-2 is connected with a -45° polarization port P1-2 to realize -45° polarization excitation.

[0087] When the +45° polarization port P1-1 and the -45° polarization port P1-2 are both excited, the first feeding arm 101-1 and the second feeding arm 101-2 can each excite one polarization, thereby enabling the antenna system 01 to realize ±45° dual-polarized radiation. When one of the +45° polarization port P1-1 and the -45° polarization port P1-2 is excited, one of the first feeding arm 101-1 and the second feeding arm 101-2 can excite one polarization, thereby enabling the antenna system 01 to realize single-polarized radiation (for example, +45° polarization or -45° polarization).

[0088] It can be understood that the structure of the +45° polarization port P1-1 and the -45° polarization port P1-2 is not specifically limited in the present application. For example, the +45° polarization port P1-1 and / or the -45° polarization port P1-2 can be a coaxial line feeding port.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present application, the first feeding arm 101-1 in the above-mentioned embodiments can be connected with the +45° polarization port P1-1 through the connection pin 102. Wherein, the first feeding arm 101-1 extends along the first plane F1, and the connection pin 102 extends along the Z direction. That is, the first feeding arm 101-1 and the connection pin 102 together constitute a structure similar to an inverted L shape. The connection pin 102 is connected between the first feeding arm 101-1 and the +45° polarization port P1-1.

[0090] Similarly, the second feeding arm 101-2 in the above-mentioned embodiments can also be connected with the -45° polarization port P1-2 through the connection pin 102. That is, a ±45° dual-polarized first feeding patch 10 can correspond to two connection pins 102, one of which is used to connect the first feeding arm 101-1 and the +45° polarization port P1-1, and the other of which is used to connect the second feeding arm 101-2 and the -45° polarization port P1-2.

[0091] Based on the antenna system 01 shown in the above-mentioned examples of FIGS. 4A-4C, in some embodiments of the present application, the antenna system 01 further comprises a floor 12. The floor 12 is arranged on the side of the first feeding patch 10 away from the metasurface radiator 11. The connection pin 102 can pass through the floor 12, so that at least part of the +45° polarization port P1-1 and / or the -45° polarization port P1-2 can be located on the side of the floor 12 away from the metasurface radiator 11. In this way, the +45° polarization port P1-1 and / or the -45° polarization port P1-2 can be connected to an external connector (for example, an SMA connector) through a transition structure, so that the first feeding patch 10 can be electrically connected to a corresponding feeding circuit (not shown). The first feeding patch 10 can receive the feeding signal transmitted by the corresponding feeding circuit, thereby radiating electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11.

[0092] It can be understood that in the above-mentioned embodiments, only the first feeding patch 10 being a ±45° dual-polarized feeding patch is taken as an exemplary illustration, and does not constitute a limitation on the present application. In some other embodiments of the present application, the first feeding patch 10 can also be a feeding patch of other polarizations, for example, 0° and 90° dual-polarized, single-polarized, etc., which are not specifically limited in the present application.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present application, the feeding slot 21 can be a ±45° dual-polarized feeding slot, having a ±45° polarization direction. That is, the feeding slot 21 can radiate or receive ±45° polarized electromagnetic waves, thereby realizing the ±45° dual-polarization of the antenna system 01.

[0094] Specifically, FIG. 6 shows an exemplary structure of the feed slot 21 in the embodiments of the present application. Referring to FIG. 6, the feed slot 21 can include a first slot 211 and a second slot 212.

[0095] The extension direction of the first slot 211 can be parallel to the -45° polarization direction, for example, as shown by the N2 direction in FIG. 6. The extension direction of the second slot 212 can be parallel to the +45° polarization direction, for example, as shown by the N1 direction in FIG. 6. The first slot 211 and the second slot 212 are arranged in a cross shape as a whole. Moreover, the first slot 211 divides the second slot 212 into a first sub-slot 212-1 and a second sub-slot 212-2, and the first sub-slot 212-1 and the second sub-slot 212-2 are both not in communication with the first slot 211. That is, the first slot 211 is a continuous slot, and the second slot 212 is composed of two discontinuous slots.

[0096] In the embodiments, the first slot 211 is used to excite +45° polarized radiation, and the second slot 212 is used to excite -45° polarized radiation. The second slot 212 includes two disconnected sub-slots, for example, the first sub-slot 212-1 and the second sub-slot 212-2, which can avoid mutual interference between the second slot 212 and the first slot 211.

[0097] Continuing to refer to FIG. 6 and in combination with FIGS. 4A-4B, in some embodiments of the present application, the antenna system 01 can further include a feed line 30. The feed line 30 can be arranged on the side of the first feed patch 10 facing away from the metasurface radiator 11. The feed line 30 corresponds to the feed slot 21 and is used to excite the feed slot 21 to radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11.

[0098] Specifically, based on the ±45° dual-polarized feed slot 21 in the above embodiments, the feed line 30 can include a first feed line 311 and a second feed line 312. The first feed line 311 is used to excite the first slot 211 to radiate +45° polarized electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11. In some implementations, the first feed line 311 can be a 50-ohm strip line and has a shape similar to a straight line as a whole. The end of the first feed line 311 can be connected to the +45° polarized port P2-1 through a connecting pin 301. The connecting pin 301 penetrates the floor 12, so that at least part of the +45° polarized port P2-1 can be located on the side of the floor 12 facing away from the metasurface radiator 11. In this way, the +45° polarized port P2-1 can be connected to an external connector (for example, an SMA connector) through a transition structure, so that the first feed line 311 is electrically connected to a corresponding feed network (not shown).

[0099] The second feed line 312 is used to excite the second slit 212 to radiate -45° polarized electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11. In some implementations, the second feed line 312 includes a 50-ohm strip line 3121, a quarter impedance transformer 3122, and a bent strip line 3123, which can be connected in sequence. The second feed line 312 can be a symmetrical structure. The opposite sides of the 50-ohm strip line 3121 can each have a quarter impedance transformer 3122, and the opposite sides of the 50-ohm strip line 3121 can each have a bent strip line 3123, which is similar to a Y-shaped structure as a whole, thereby exciting the first sub-slit 212-1 and the second sub-slit 212-2 of the second slit 212, respectively. The end of the 50-ohm strip line 3121 can be connected to the -45° polarized port P2-2 through a connecting pin 301. The connecting pin 301 penetrates the floor 12, so that at least part of the -45° polarized port P2-2 can be located on the side of the floor 12 facing away from the metasurface radiator 11. In this way, the -45° polarized port P2-2 can be connected to an external connector (for example, an SMA connector) through an adapter transition structure, so that the second feed line 312 is electrically connected to a corresponding feed network (not shown).

[0100] In the above-described antenna system 01, since the first slit 211 is a continuous and uninterrupted slit, the structure of the first feed line 311 corresponding to the first slit 211 can be simpler, thereby effectively simplifying the layout of the feed line 30 and making the overall structure more concise.

[0101] It can be understood that the structures of the feed slit 21 and the feed line 30 described above are only examples, and other suitable structures can also be used according to product needs, which are not limited in the present application. For example, in some other embodiments, the first slit 211 and the second slit 212 can also be arranged in a V-shaped structure, and the feed line 30 corresponding to the first slit 211 and the second slit 212 can also be adjusted adaptively, for example, two 50-ohm strip lines are used to excite the first slit 211 and the second slit 212, respectively, to realize ±45° dual polarization. For another example, in some other embodiments, the feed slit 21 can also be a feed slit of other polarizations, such as 0° and 90° dual polarization, single polarization, etc., and the structure of the feed line 30 corresponding to the feed slit 21 can also be adjusted adaptively.

[0102] In some other implementable schemes, the feed structure 20 can also be a feed patch.

[0103] Figures 7A and 7B show an exemplary structure of the feeding structure 20 in the embodiments of the present application, where Figure 7A is a top view of the feeding structure 20, and Figure 7B is a sectional view of the feeding structure 20 along the section line C-C in Figure 7A. Referring to Figure 7A, the feeding structure 20 is the second feeding patch 22. The first feeding patch 10 is in a ring-like structure as a whole, and surrounds the periphery of the second feeding patch 22. Moreover, the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 are spaced apart from each other. For example, the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be separated by an air layer.

[0104] Since the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 are two independent feeding patches, the current distributed on the first feeding patch 10 and the current distributed on the second feeding patch 22 do not interfere with each other, and the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can both normally radiate electromagnetic waves. Moreover, since the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 do not overlap in the Z direction, the first feeding patch 10 does not hinder the propagation path of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second feeding patch 22, and vice versa, so that the working performance of the antenna system 01 in the multi-frequency state can be effectively improved.

[0105] The combination and arrangement of the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 in the above embodiments will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0106] Continuing to refer to Figures 7A and 7B, in some embodiments of the present application, the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 are coplanar, so that the interference between the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be further reduced, and the working performance of the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be improved. It can be understood that the coplanar in the present application is not an absolute coplanar, and the approximate coplanar caused by processing errors and assembly errors is also within the range of the coplanar in the present application. For example, the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be approximately parallel and substantially in the same plane. That is, the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can have a certain range of included angle therebetween. Alternatively, the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can have a certain spacing therebetween.

[0107] In some embodiments of the present application, the gap G1 between the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 along the first plane F1 is greater than λ / 10, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the f2 frequency band. For example, the distance between the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be λ / 9, λ / 8, λ / 7, λ / 6, λ / 5, λ / 4, etc. In this way, the interference between the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be further reduced, and the working performance of the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be improved.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present application, the capacitance between the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 is less than 1 pF, for example, 0.9 pF, 0.8 pF, 0.7 pF, 0.6 pF, 0.5 pF, 0.4 pF, etc. In this way, the interference between the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be further reduced, and the working performance of the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be improved.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present application, the second feeding patch 22 can be a ±45° dual-polarized feeding patch, having a ±45° polarization direction. That is, the second feeding patch 22 can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves with a ±45° polarization, thereby realizing ±45° dual-polarized radiation of the antenna system 01.

[0110] In some implementations, the edge of the second feeding patch 22 can be provided with a first feeding arm 201-1 and a second feeding arm 201-2. One of the first feeding arm 201-1 and the second feeding arm 201-2 can extend in a direction parallel to the +45° polarization direction, for example, the N1 direction shown in FIG. 7A, for realizing +45° polarization excitation, and the other can extend in a direction parallel to the -45° polarization direction, for example, the N2 direction shown in FIG. 7A, for realizing -45° polarization excitation.

[0111] It can be understood that the first feeding arm 201-1 and the second feeding arm 201-2 of the second feeding patch 22 are substantially the same in structure and working principle as the first feeding arm 101-1 and the second feeding arm 101-2 of the first feeding patch 10 described above, and specific reference can be made to the related description of the first feeding arm 101-1 and the second feeding arm 101-2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0112] In some other implementations, the second feeding patch 22 can also have other structural forms to realize ±45° dual-polarization, for example, the second feeding patch 22 can also be a feeding patch with a cross-shaped slot, which is not limited in the present application.

[0113] In some other embodiments of the present application, the second feeding patch 22 can also be a feeding patch of other polarizations, for example, 0° and 90° dual-polarization, single-polarization, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0114] In some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the geometric center of the feeding structure 20 and the geometric center of the first feeding patch 10 can be less than λ / 5, for example, λ / 6, λ / 7, λ / 8, etc., λ being the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the f2 frequency band. In this way, the interference between the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be reduced, and the working performance of the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 can be improved.

[0115] It can be understood that the position of the corresponding geometric center is different according to the shape of the first feeding patch 10. For example, when the first feeding patch 10 is a rectangular feeding patch in the example shown in FIG. 4C, the corresponding geometric center of the first feeding patch 10 can be the intersection point O1 of the diagonal lines of the rectangular first feeding patch 10. For another example, when the first feeding patch 10 is a regular polygon feeding patch (for example, a square, a regular pentagon, a regular hexagon, etc.), the corresponding geometric center of the first feeding patch 10 is a point in the regular polygon first feeding patch 10 that is equidistant from each side. For another example, when the first feeding patch 10 is a circular feeding patch, the geometric center of the first feeding patch 10 can be the center of the circular first feeding patch 10.

[0116] Similarly, the position of the corresponding geometric center is different according to the shape of the feeding structure 20. For example, when the feeding structure 20 is the cross-shaped feeding slot 21 in the example shown in FIG. 4C, the corresponding geometric center of the feeding structure 20 can be the intersection point O2 between the extension line of the first slot 211 and the extension line of the second slot 212. For another example, when the feeding structure 20 is the rectangular second feeding patch 22 in the example shown in FIG. 7A, the corresponding geometric center of the feeding structure 20 can be the intersection point O3 of the diagonal lines of the rectangular second feeding patch 22. For another example, when the feeding structure 20 is a regular polygon second feeding patch 22 (for example, a square, a regular pentagon, a regular hexagon, etc.), the corresponding geometric center of the feeding structure 20 is a point in the regular polygon second feeding patch 22 that is equidistant from each side. For another example, when the feeding structure 20 is a circular second feeding patch 22, the corresponding geometric center of the feeding structure 20 can be the center of the circular second feeding patch 22.

[0117] In some implementations, the distance between the geometric center of the feeding structure 20 and the geometric center of the first feeding patch 10 can be less than λ / 10, for example, λ / 11, λ / 12, λ / 13, etc. Thus, the interference between the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 is further reduced, and the working performance of the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 is improved.

[0118] In some implementations, when the distance between the geometric center of the feeding structure 20 and the geometric center of the first feeding patch 10 is 0, it can be referred to as coaxial between the feeding structure 20 and the first feeding patch 10.

[0119] In some embodiments of the present application, the orthographic projection area of the feeding line 30 on the first plane F1 (i.e., the third projection area) is located in the area enclosed by the outer contour line L2 of the first projection area S1. For example, in the examples shown in FIG. 4C and FIG. 7A, the area enclosed by the outer contour line L2 of the first projection area S1 is similar to a mouth-shaped area. At this time, the orthographic projection area of the feeding line 30 on the first plane F1 can be located in the mouth-shaped area.

[0120] In some implementations, when the feeding structure 20 is the feeding slot 21 opened on the first feeding patch 10, the orthographic projection area of the feeding line 30 corresponding to the feeding slot 21 on the first plane F1 can partially overlap with the first projection area S1. For example, the orthographic projection area of the feeding line 30 on the first plane F1 can partially be located outside the cross-shaped area enclosed by the inner contour line L1 of the first projection area S1 in the example shown in FIG. 4C, and partially be located inside the cross-shaped area enclosed by the inner contour line L1 of the first projection area S1.

[0121] In some implementations, when the feeding structure 20 is the second feeding patch 22, the orthographic projection area of the feeding line 30 corresponding to the second feeding patch 22 on the first plane F1 can be located inside the area enclosed by the first projection area S1. For example, the orthographic projection area of the feeding line 30 on the first plane F1 can be completely located inside the square-shaped area enclosed by the inner contour line L1 of the first projection area S1 in the example shown in FIG. 7A.

[0122] Continuing to refer to FIG. 4A, in some embodiments of the present application, the antenna system 01 can further include a plurality of third feeding patches 23. Each third feeding patch 23 can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f2 frequency band. The plurality of third feeding patches 23 and the feeding structure 20 can form a feeding array, for example, a 3x3 rectangular feeding array in the example shown in FIG. 4A. The feeding array can excite the entire metasurface radiator 11, so as to fully utilize the metasurface radiator 11 for radiation.

[0123] It can be understood that the specific structure of the third feeding patch 23 is substantially the same as that of the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22, and specific reference can be made to the related description of the first feeding patch 10 and the second feeding patch 22 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0124] In some implementations, in the feeding array formed by the plurality of third feeding patches 23 and the feeding structure 20, the horizontal beam width corresponding to each column can be 100°, and the vertical beam width can be 50°.

[0125] In some implementations, for the feeding array in the f2 frequency band, the dimension along the M1 direction can be 3λ, and the dimension along the M2 direction can be 1.2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the f2 frequency band.

[0126] In some implementations, the feeding array formed by the plurality of third feeding patches 23 and the feeding structure 20 can be a rectangular array or a circular array, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

[0127] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of the first feeding patches 10 can also be multiple, for example, two, three, four, etc., thereby forming a feeding array which can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f1 frequency band.

[0128] In some implementations, for the feeding array in the f1 frequency band, the size along the M1 direction can be 0.7l, and the size along the M2 direction can be l, where l is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the f1 frequency band.

[0129] FIG. 8 shows an exemplary structure of the metasurface radiator 11 in embodiments of the present application. Referring to FIG. 8, the metasurface radiator 11 can include a dielectric layer 111, and conductive units M (or patches) formed on the dielectric layer 111.

[0130] The number of the conductive units M can be multiple. Each two adjacent conductive units M can have a gap G2 which can separate the conductive units M, and all the gaps G2 can be interconnected.

[0131] In some embodiments of the present application, the extension direction of the gap G2 can be flexibly designed according to actual needs. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 8, the gap G2 can extend along the +45° polarization direction (for example, shown by the N1 direction in FIG. 8) and the -45° polarization direction (for example, shown by the N2 direction in FIG. 8). Among them, the gaps G2 extending along the same direction can be collinear and connected in a row, thereby forming multiple parallel rows. Rows with different extension directions can be vertically and horizontally crossed, thereby forming a grid structure. In other implementations, the gap G2 can also extend along the 0°, 90° polarization direction, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

[0132] In some embodiments of the present application, the shape of the gap G2 can be flexibly designed according to actual needs. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 8, all the gaps G2 are straight. In other implementations, the gap G2 can also be in other shapes such as curved or broken line, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

[0133] In some embodiments of the present application, the size of the gap G2 can be flexibly designed according to actual needs. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 8, the size of all the gaps G2 is consistent. The size can include at least one of a shape size and a position size, wherein the shape size can include at least one of a width, a length, a depth, etc., and the position size can include at least one of an included angle of adjacent intersecting gaps, a spacing between parallel gaps, etc.

[0134] In some embodiments of the present application, the conductive units M arranged near the edge of the dielectric layer 111 can be triangular structures, and the conductive units M arranged near the middle part of the dielectric layer 111 can be rhombic structures, in adaptation to the structure and distribution of the gaps G2. The triangular conductive units M are arranged around the rhombic conductive units M.

[0135] The gaps G2 and the conductive units M in the example shown in FIG. 8 have a uniform and regular design. In other embodiments, the gaps G2 can be non-uniform and irregular. In this non-uniform and irregular design, the shapes and / or sizes of all the gaps G2 are not completely consistent. Correspondingly, the conductive units M divided by the non-uniform and irregular gaps G2 can also have corresponding shapes and sizes.

[0136] In the above-described metasurface radiator 11, the structure of the conductive units M and the gaps G2 between the conductive units M both affect the propagation characteristics of the metasurface radiator 11. The working frequency and bandwidth of the antenna system 01 can be adjusted by designing the structure of the conductive units M and the gaps G2 between the conductive units M, so that the antenna system 01 can work in multiple modes or dual modes, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the antenna system 01. In addition, the metasurface radiator 11 itself can be made thinner, facilitating the realization of a low-profile antenna. In summary, the antenna system 01 provided by the present application can have low-profile broadband characteristics, thereby further expanding the application range.

[0137] It should be noted that the above embodiment is an exemplary description of the technical solutions of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make other modifications. For example, in the above embodiment, the first feeding patch 10 and the feeding structure 20 are arranged to ensure the normal propagation of electromagnetic waves in the f1 frequency band and the f2 frequency band, so as to realize the dual-frequency function of the antenna system 01. In other embodiments, more feeding structures can be arranged to ensure the normal propagation of electromagnetic waves in more frequency bands, so that the antenna system 01 can support more frequency bands.

[0138] For example, in addition to the feeding slot 21, another feeding slot can be formed on the first feeding patch 10, which can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f3 frequency band. In this way, the antenna system 01 can work in the f1 frequency band, the f2 frequency band and the f3 frequency band.

[0139] For another example, in addition to being arranged around the second feeding patch 22, the first feeding patch 10 can also be arranged around a fourth feeding patch and spaced apart from the fourth feeding patch. That is, the first feeding patch 10 can be arranged around both the second feeding patch 22 and the fourth feeding patch. The fourth feeding patch can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f3 frequency band. In this way, the antenna system 01 can work in the f1 frequency band, the f2 frequency band and the f3 frequency band.

[0140] For another example, two first feeding pieces 10 can be included in the antenna system 01. One of the first feeding pieces 10 is provided with the feeding slot 21, and the other first feeding piece 10 can be arranged around the fourth feeding piece, and the fourth feeding piece can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the F3 frequency band. In this way, the antenna system 01 can also work in the f1 frequency band, the f2 frequency band and the f3 frequency band. Alternatively, one of the first feeding pieces 10 is arranged around the second feeding piece 22, and the other first feeding piece 10 is provided with the feeding slot, which can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f3 frequency band. In this way, the antenna system 01 can also work in the f1 frequency band, the f2 frequency band and the f3 frequency band.

[0141] The application also provides an antenna system, which includes a first feeding piece and a feeding slot. The feeding slot is provided on the first feeding piece. The first feeding piece is used to excite a metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f1 frequency band, and the first feeding piece can be any one of the first feeding pieces 10 in the above embodiments, and the specific structure and function thereof can be referred to the related description of the first feeding piece 10 above, which will not be repeated here. The feeding slot is used to excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f1 frequency band, and the feeding slot can be any one of the feeding slots 21 in the above embodiments, and the specific structure and function thereof can be referred to the related description of the feeding slot 21 above, which will not be repeated here. The metasurface radiator can be any one of the metasurface radiators 11 in the above embodiments, and the specific structure and function thereof can be referred to the related description of the metasurface radiator 11 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0142] The above describes the embodiments of the application by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the application from the content disclosed in the specification. Although the description of the application is introduced in combination with some embodiments, it does not mean that the features of the application are limited to the embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the application in combination with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that can be extended based on the claims of the application. The application can also not use these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or obscure the focus of the application, some specific details are omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0143] In the description of the application, it needs to be explained that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "outer", "inner", "circumferential", "radial", "axial" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.

[0144] In the description of the application, it needs to be explained that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "mount", "connect", "fit" should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0145] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna system, characterized by The antenna system comprises a first feeding sheet, a feeding structure and a metasurface radiator, wherein: the first feeding sheet is used to stimulate the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves of a first frequency band, and the feeding structure is used to stimulate the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves of a second frequency band, the second frequency band being different from the first frequency band; a region of a normal projection of the first feeding sheet on a first plane is a first projection region, and the first plane is perpendicular to a thickness direction of the first feeding sheet; a region of a normal projection of the feeding structure on the first plane is a second projection region, and the second projection region is located in a region surrounded by the first projection region.

2. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, A distance between a geometric center of the feeding structure and a geometric center of the first feeding sheet is less than λ / 5, and λ is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the second frequency band.

3. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The feeding structure is a feeding slot, and the feeding slot is formed on the first feeding sheet.

4. The antenna system of claim 3, wherein, The feeding slot has a ±45° polarization direction, and the feeding slot comprises a first slot and a second slot which are not connected to each other, an extension direction of one of the first slot and the second slot is parallel to a +45° polarization direction, and an extension direction of the other one of the first slot and the second slot is parallel to a -45° polarization direction.

5. The antenna system of claim 4, wherein, The first slot and the second slot are arranged in a cross manner, and the second slot is divided into a first sub-slot and a second sub-slot by the first slot.

6. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The feeding structure is a second feeding sheet, and the first feeding sheet is arranged around the second feeding sheet and is spaced apart from the second feeding sheet.

7. The antenna system of claim 6, wherein, The first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet are coplanar.

8. The antenna system of claim 6, wherein, A capacitance between the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet is less than 1 pF.

9. The antenna system of claim 6, wherein, A gap between the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet along the first plane is greater than λ / 10, and λ is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the second frequency band.

10. The antenna system of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The antenna system further comprises a feeding line corresponding to the feeding structure, and the feeding line is arranged on a side of the first feeding sheet away from the metasurface radiator.

11. The antenna system of claim 10, wherein, A region of a normal projection of the feeding line on the first plane is a third projection region, and the third projection region is located in a region surrounded by an outer contour line of the first projection region.

12. The antenna system of claim 11, wherein, The feeding structure is a feeding slot, and the feeding slot is formed on the first feeding sheet. The third projection region partially overlaps the first projection region.

13. The antenna system of claim 11, wherein, The feeding structure is a second feeding sheet, and the first feeding sheet is arranged around the second feeding sheet and is spaced apart from the second feeding sheet. The third projection region is located in the region surrounded by the first projection region.

14. The antenna system of any one of claims 1-9, 11-13, wherein, The first feeding sheet has a ±45° polarization direction, and edges of the first feeding sheet are provided with a first feeding arm and a second feeding arm, an extension direction of the first feeding arm is parallel to a +45° polarization direction, and an extension direction of the second feeding arm is parallel to a -45° polarization direction.

15. A base station, characterized by The antenna system comprises any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. A terminal, characterized by The antenna system comprises any one of claims 1 to 14.

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