Detergent formulations

Abstract

This invention relates to a detergent formulation comprising one or more adsorbents, wherein at least one adsorbent is capable of: (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, it also relates to uses of the detergent formulation for removing toxic chemicals and methods of washing.

Description

[0001] DETERGENT FORMULATIONS

[0002] Field of the Invention

[0003] This invention relates to a detergent formulation comprising one or more adsorbents, wherein the adsorbent is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid. In particular, the invention relates to detergent formulations comprising a zeolite adsorbent, an activated carbon adsorbent or a zeolite adsorbent and an activated carbon adsorbent.

[0004] Background of the Invention

[0005] The addition of detergent formulations to water in laundry, dishwashing, and cleaning applications is commonplace in domestic, commercial, and industrial settings. The reason for this is simple, it is because detergent formulations improve cleaning efficiency (compared to water alone) and typically remove the need for harsh chemical cleaning methods whilst remaining environmentally friendly.

[0006] It is well known in the art that the active ingredients contained within detergent formulations are responsible for improving cleaning efficiency. Typically, a detergent formulation may contain one or more (or all) of a surfactant, builder, enzyme, bleaching agent, chelating agent or solvent (Mussmann, US2018 / 0127687). The functions of these components and their ability to improve cleaning efficiency are generally well understood, and numerous detergent compositions containing these components may be found upon the shelves of supermarkets globally. In addition, the use of adsorbents within detergents is known. However, adsorbents within detergent formulations are typically used for the trapping and neutralisation of odour (Johnson, US6440415).

[0007] Often, detergent formulations are designed to remove so-called natural stains and soils, for example those that are protein-, starch-, lipid-, and cellulose-based. These stains / soils originate from the natural environment and from the foodstuffs consumed by humans. Detergent formulations are typically employed to remove said stains / soils from clothing in laundry applications, and from other substrates, for example dishware, glassware, cookware, cutlery and worktops (specifically the surfaces thereof) which come into contact with foodstuffs and / or other material found within the natural environment in dishwashing and cleaning applications.

[0008] However, in addition to natural and foodstuff stains / soils, clothing (or indeed any other substrate) may be stained / soiled by synthetic materials, in particular synthetic chemicals. For example, even though manufacturers and regulatory agencies control and monitor the use of chemicals in textile production, textile production requires the use of a wide range and large quantity of synthetic chemicals, and so there remains a genuine risk that trace amounts of synthetic chemicals find their way into marketed products. Compared to natural stains, synthetic chemical stains / soils or contaminants are more problematic, because they are more likely to be toxic to humans, even in trace amounts.

[0009] Likewise, in addition to clothing, substrates such as dishware, glassware, cookware, cutlery and worktops may also become stained by, come into contact with, or be adhered to by synthetic materials. Such chemicals may be present in trace amounts within foodstuff or may be present in residual trace amounts as a result of the manufacturing process used to prepare the substrate.

[0010] Although the development and commercial application of detergent formulations to clean natural stains / soils from clothing is well-established, there are limited reports of detergent formulations to remove (and so clean) toxic chemicals from clothing and other substrates (Akkara, US5169554).

[0011] Thus, there is a general need to provide detergent formulations that are capable of removing chemical stains / soils from substrates such as clothing, dishware, glassware, cookware and cutlery, in particular stains / soils caused by toxic chemicals.

[0012] Summary of the Invention

[0013] Overview

[0014] The present disclosure relates in general to a detergent formulation comprising one or more adsorbents, wherein at least one adsorbent is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0015] The present disclosure also relates in general to a detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0016] For example, the zeolite contained within the detergent formulation is capable of removing a toxic chemical from a substrate which comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay during washing of the substrate; and / or is capable of removing a toxic chemical from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate which comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay in the liquid. Equally, the zeolite contained within the detergent formulation is capable of removing a toxic chemical from a substrate which comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts; and / or is capable of removing a toxic chemical from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate which comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts in the liquid.

[0017] The detergent formulation can remove toxic chemicals present on a substrate which comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay during washing of the substrate, for example during one or more wash cycles. The detergent formulation can also remove toxic chemicals present on a substrate which comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts, for example during one or more wash cycles.

[0018] Examples of dishware include plates, bowls, dishes, saucers; examples of glassware include glass containers, cups, mugs and glasses; examples of flatware include cutlery, such as forks, knives and spoons; examples of cookware include pots, pans, frying pans, baking trays and other containers suitable for use within an oven or microwave; examples of trays include food trays, such as trays used to carry plates in cafeterias and restaurants; examples of cutting boards include any such board used in the preparation of food; examples of kitchen utensils include tongs, ladles, slices and spatulas; examples of food containers include any such container used in food preparation or storage, such as a plastic, ceramic or steel container; examples of kitchen equipment parts include removal parts of kitchen equipment, such as removal parts of blending equipment, pasta machines or ice cream makers.

[0019] The wash cycles may be facilitated manually by hand (i.e. by handwashing clothing or by scrubbing a surface) or the wash cycle may be facilitated by a washing machine or by a dishwasher. That is, the detergent formulation may be added to a substrate or surface of a substrate prior to the initiation of hand scrubbing, or to a washing machine or dishwasher prior to initiation of a wash cycle.

[0020] The toxic chemicals are principally removed by the action of the adsorbent or zeolite within the detergent formulation. That is, the adsorbent or zeolite is capable of adsorbing toxic chemicals and therefore removing them from the substrates being washed or cleaned. Zeolite-containing detergent formulations

[0021] In a first aspect, the invention provides a detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0022] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0023] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liguid during washing of a substrate in the liguid.

[0024] In one embodiment, the zeolite is capable of removing toxic chemicals from the washing liguid during washing of a substrate in the liguid, wherein the toxic chemicals have leached from the substrate or have leached from a component of the washing vessel into the washing liguid during washing of the substrate or wherein the toxic chemicals are present in the washing liguid prior to the addition of the substrate to the liguid.

[0025] Typically, unless otherwise stated, the washing liguid referred to in the present disclosure comprises water.

[0026] For the avoidance of any doubt, the zeolite is capable of adsorbing toxic chemicals onto its external or internal surfaces by capturing the toxic chemical from the surface of the substrate or by capturing toxic chemicals from the washing liguid. The toxic chemicals present in the washing liguid may have leached from the substrate into the liguid during washing. Alternatively, the toxic chemicals may have leached from a component of the washing vessel (e.g. from a plastic component forming part of the washing vessel) or from a plastic container containing the detergent formulation added to the washing vessel. In addition, the toxic chemicals may be present in the washing liguid prior to the addition of the substrate (or indeed any other plastic container containing the detergent formulation) to the washing vessel. That is, the toxic chemicals may be present, albeit in trace amounts, within the water that is the washing liguid i.e., within the tap water that is supplied directly from a pipe and / or tap into the washing vessel.

[0027] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, seguester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0028] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0029] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liguid during washing of a substrate in the liguid.

[0030] The zeolite may be any zeolite capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing and / or from a washing-liguid during washing of a substrate in the liguid. In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0031] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0032] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. In one embodiment, the toxic chemicals comprise one or more of: bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol E (BPE), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol AF (BPAF), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAs) such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), organophosphates, organophosphonates, tributyl phosphate, disperse dyes, anthraquinone or azo dyes, toluene, hexavalent chromium, dimethyl fumarate, phthalates, heavy metals, lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, thallium, arsenic, cobalt, triclosan and antimony.

[0033] In one embodiment, the zeolite comprises at least 20 or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation; or the zeolite comprises an amount of 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0034] In some embodiments, the toxic chemical is bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA. In certain embodiments, the toxic chemical is bisphenol A.

[0035] In one embodiment, the toxic chemical comprises one or more of: bisphenol-A (BPA), triclosan (TCA), chloroxylenol (PCMX), carbamazepine (CBZ), sulfamethoxazole, diclofenac, cefepime, iomeprol, metazachlor, and acesulfame.

[0036] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0037] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0038] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0039] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0040] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0041] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0042] The zeolite may be a natural zeolite or a synthetic zeolite, or a combination thereof.

[0043] In certain embodiments, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3< 60:1 < 65:1 , < 70:1 , < 75:1 , < 80:1 , < 85:1 , < 90:1 , < 95:1 , < 100:1 , < 125:1 , < 150:1 , < 175:1 or < 200:1.

[0044] In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; 65:1 to 95:1 ; 70:1 to 90:1 ; 75:1 to 85:1 ; or 77.5 to 82.5. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 70: 1 to 90: 1 ; 72: 1 to 88: 1 ; 74: 1 to 86: 1 ; 76: 1 to 84: 1 ; or 78: 1 to 82: 1 .

[0045] In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 70:1 to 90:1. In a certain embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 75: 1 to 85: 1 .

[0046] In a further embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 60:1 to 200:1 ; 70:1 to 175:1 ; 75:1 to 150:1 ; 75:1 to 125:1 ; or 75:1 to 100:1.

[0047] In certain embodiments, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3< 150:1 , < 175:1 or < 200:1.

[0048] In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 150:1 to 250:1 ; 175:1 to 225:1 ; or 180:1 to 220:1. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 160:1 to 200:1 ; 170:1 to 190:1 ; or 175:1 to 185:1.

[0049] In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 170:1 to 190:1. In a certain embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 175:1 to 185:1.

[0050] In certain embodiments, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3< 200:1 , < 400:1 , < 600:1 , < 800:1 ; 1000:1 ; or 1250:1.

[0051] In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; 800:1 to 1200:1 ; 850:1 to 1150:1 ; 900:1 to 1100:1 or 925:1 to 1075:1.

[0052] In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of Si02:AI203of from 900:1 to 1100:1 or 925:1 to 1075:1. In a certain embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 925:1 to 1075:1

[0053] In one embodiment, the zeolite comprises at least one pore having a size of < 0.5 nm, < 0.6 nm, < 0.7 nm, < 0.8 nm, < 0.9 nm or < 1 nm. In certain embodiments, the zeolite comprises at least one pore having a size of from 0.4 nm to 1 nm; 0.5 to 0.9 nm; 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; or 0.65 nm to 0.75 nm. In a further embodiment, the zeolite comprises at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm or 0.65 nm to 0.75 nm. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a surface area of from 200 to 950 m2 / g, 300 to 900 m2 / g, 350 to 850 m2 / g or 400 to 800 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a surface area of from 500 to 950 m2 / g, 550 to 900 m2 / g, 600 to 850 m2 / g or 650 to 800 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a surface area of from 600 to 950 m2 / g, 625 to 925 m2 / g, 650 to 900 m2 / g or 675 to 875 m2 / g.

[0054] The surface areas reported herein are BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface areas, the measurement of which the skilled person is familiar.

[0055] In a further embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g. In a certain embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0056] In a further embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 200:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 200:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 200:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 650 to 750 m2 / g.

[0057] In a further embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 150:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 150:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 150:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 650 to 750 m2 / g.

[0058] In a further embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 150:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 750 to 850 m2 / g.

[0059] In a further embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 650 to 750 m2 / g.

[0060] In a further embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 650 to 750 m2 / g.

[0061] In a further embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 650 to 750 m2 / g.

[0062] In a certain embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. For example, the zeolite comprises at least 20 or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation; or the zeolite comprises an amount of 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0063] In a certain embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 150:1 to 250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. For example, the zeolite comprises at least 20 or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation; or the zeolite comprises an amount of 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0064] In a certain embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. For example, the zeolite comprises at least 20 or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation; or the zeolite comprises an amount of 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0065] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount effective to remove toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or remove toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0066] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 15 to 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 20 to 85 weight percent, 25 to 80 weight percent, 30 to 75 weight percent or 35 to 65 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0067] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0068] In a further embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises 15 to 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 20 to 85 weight percent, 25 to 80 weight percent, 30 to 75 weight percent or 35 to 65 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0069] In a further embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises a zeolite in an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. In a certain embodiment, the zeolite comprises 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0070] In a further embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises 15 to 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 20 to 85 weight percent, 25 to 80 weight percent, 30 to 75 weight percent or 35 to 65 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0071] In a further embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises a zeolite in an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. In a certain embodiment, the zeolite comprises 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0072] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 15 to 25 weight percent of the detergent formulation. In a further embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 , 150:1 to 250:1 or 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises 15 to 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 20 to 85 weight percent, 25 to 80 weight percent, 30 to 75 weight percent or 35 to 65 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 15 to 25 weight percent of the detergent formulation.

[0073] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 15 to 25 weight percent of the detergent formulation. In a further embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 , 150:1 to 250:1 or 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises a zeolite in an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. In a certain embodiment, the zeolite comprises 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0074] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 30 to 84 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 40 to 80 weight percent, 50 to 80 weight percent, 50 to 70 weight percent or 60 to 70 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. In a further embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises of 30 to 84 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 40 to 80 weight percent, 50 to 80 weight percent, 50 to 70 weight percent or 60 to 70 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. In a further embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; wherein the zeolite comprises of 30 to 84 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 40 to 80 weight percent, 50 to 80 weight percent, 50 to 70 weight percent or 60 to 70 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. In all embodiments mentioned herein, the zeolite is typically added to the detergent formulation in powder form. The particle size of the zeolite typically ranges of from 1 pm to 10 pm.

[0075] In all embodiments mentioned herein, the zeolite is typically added to the detergent formulation in an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation; or the zeolite is typically added such that the zeolite comprises at least 20 weight percent or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0076] In one embodiment, the zeolite is CBV-901 (available from Ecovyst Catalyst Technologies, LLC, Valley Forge, PA, USA). CBV-901 has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of about 80:1 and a surface area of 700 m2 / g (BET). In one embodiment, the zeolite is CP-7105 (available from Zeolyst International, Conshohocken, PA, USA). In one embodiment, the zeolite is USZ-1 (available from Zeolyst International, Conshohocken, PA, USA).

[0077] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite which is CBV-901 , or a zeolite having properties similar to CBV-901 , for example, a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0078] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite which is CP-7105, or a zeolite having properties similar to CP-7105, for example, a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0079] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite which is USZ-1 , or a zeolite having properties similar to USZ-1 , for example, a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g. In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises CBV-901 and CP-7105.

[0080] In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises CBV-901 and USZ-1 .

[0081] In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises CP-7105 and USZ-1.

[0082] In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises CBV-901 , CP-7105 and USZ-1.

[0083] In a further embodiment, the zeolite is a H-SDUSY type zeolite. H-SDUSY zeolites are known in the art. They typically refer to protonated, dealuminated ultrastable Y-type zeolites. SDUSY denotes “Silica-Dealuminated Ultrastable” and H denotes that the zeolite is in a protonated form (i.e., it has acidic protons, typically on the framework oxygen sites).

[0084] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a H-SDUSY zeolite, or a zeolite having properties of a H-SDUSY zeolite, .for example, a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0085] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0086] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0087] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0088] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0089] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0090] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0091] In one embodiment, the zeolite is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate, wherein the amount of toxic chemicals upon the substrate is reduced by between 5% and 95%, 10% and 85%, 15% and 75%, 20% and 65%, 25% and 55% or 30% and 45% of the original prewash amount present upon the substrate, following the washing of the substrate with the detergent formulation in a washing liquid. In certain embodiments, the zeolite is capable of removing toxic chemicals and thereby reducing the amount of toxic chemicals by between 5% and 65% of the original prewash amount.

[0092] In one embodiment, the zeolite is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the amount of toxic chemicals within the washing liquid is reduced by between 5% and 95%, 10% and 85%, 15% and 75%, 20% and 65%, 25% and 55% or 30% and 45% during the washing of the substrate with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid.

[0093] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0094] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0095] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0096] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0097] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0098] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0099] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0100] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and wherein the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0101] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0102] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0103] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and wherein the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0104] In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises one or more of a zeolite comprising: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g, in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0105] In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises one or more of a zeolite comprising: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g, in an amount of 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. In one embodiment, the detergent formulations described hereinabove do not comprise an enzyme.

[0106] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may comprise a pH regulator. Typically, pH regulators may be included in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of from 1 to 10 to water during washing. In some embodiments, the pH regulator may be included in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of from 2 to 9, or of from 3 to 8, or of from 3 to 6 to water during washing.

[0107] In any of the aforementioned embodiments, the zeolite may be selected from: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0108] Without wishing to be bound by theory, the exclusion of one or more additional detergent ingredients, for example one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances from the detergent formulation, may enhance the zeolite’s ability to remove the toxic chemicals from the substrate or wash during washing. For example, the exclusion of an optical brightener or fragrance may increase the amount of toxic chemicals adsorbed by the zeolite from the substrate or a washing liquid during washing, compared to a detergent formulation that contains an optical brightener or fragrance.

[0109] The detergent formulations described herein may be formulated as a solid (in particulate, powder, granular or tablet form), a liquid or spray (homogeneous solutions or suspensions), a paste or a gel. The substrates suitable for washing include laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay during washing of the substrate, for example during one or more wash cycles. The detergent formulation can also remove toxic chemicals present on a substrate which comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts, for example during one or more wash cycles.

[0110] In one embodiment, the substrate may be a floor covering, optionally a floor covering textile for example a carpet. In some embodiments, the substrate may be a flooring (e.g. carpet) underlay. Some carpet underlays comprise toxic chemicals such as styrene butadienes, which in some embodiments can be removed using a detergent formulation according to the invention.

[0111] In one embodiment, the substrate comprises cotton, wool, synthetic material, polyester, polypropylene, or a combination thereof.

[0112] In one embodiment, the substrate is fibrous, woven or spun.

[0113] In one embodiment, the substrate comprises: ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts.

[0114] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0115] Typically, the washing liquid comprises water. For example, the washing liquid may comprise laundry water or dishwashing water. In some embodiments the washing liquid may comprise “wash supernatant", or "water in the wash". In some embodiments, the washing liquid may comprise laundry and laundry water, for example the typical contents of a washing machine during a wash cycle. In some embodiments, the washing liquid may comprise dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts and dishwashing water, for example the typical contents of a dishwasher during a wash cycle. The detergent formulation, specifically the zeolite therein, typically removes any toxic chemicals by adsorbing them from the washing liquid during the washing of the substrate e.g., laundry or dishware. Therefore, in some embodiments, the detergent formulation can remove toxic chemicals from the substrate and remove toxic chemicals from the water used to wash the substrate. Consequently, the toxic chemicals are therefore not simply transferred into the washing liquid (e.g. laundry or dishwashing water) but removed therefrom by the zeolite during the washing process. A second aspect of the invention provides the use of any one of the detergent formulations described herein for:

[0116] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0117] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0118] In one embodiment, the invention provides the use of any one of the detergent formulations as described herein for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate in a washing machine or dishwasher. In one embodiment, the washing machine is a commercial or domestic appliance. In one embodiment, the dishwasher is a commercial or domestic appliance.

[0119] In one embodiment, the invention provides the use of any one of the detergent formulations described herein for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate by washing of the substrate by manual washing, for example by hand washing clothing or by washing a surface with the detergent and an appropriate tool, such as a scourer or scrubber.

[0120] A third aspect of the invention provides the use of any one of the detergent formulations described herein for:

[0121] (i) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;

[0122] (ii) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;

[0123] (iii) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0124] (iv) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts; or

[0125] (v) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during washing, wherein the surface is not skin.

[0126] A fourth aspect of the invention provides the use of a zeolite for:

[0127] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0128] In one embodiment, the zeolite comprises any of the zeolites described herein.

[0129] In one embodiment, the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0130] A fifth aspect of the invention provides the use of a zeolite for:

[0131] (i) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;

[0132] (ii) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;

[0133] (iii) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0134] (iv) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0135] (v) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during washing, wherein the surface is not skin. In one embodiment, the zeolite comprises any of the zeolites described herein.

[0136] In one embodiment, the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0137] A sixth aspect of the invention provides a method for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing, wherein the substrate is washed with any one of the detergent formulations described herein, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0138] A seventh aspect of the invention provides a method for removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during the washing of a substrate in the washing liquid, wherein the substrate is washed with any one of the detergent formulations described herein, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0139] An eighth aspect of the invention provides a method for removing toxic chemicals from a surface during washing of the surface, wherein the surface is washed with any one of the detergent formulations described herein, wherein the surface is not skin and optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0140] In one embodiment according to the sixth or seventh aspect, the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard, paper or combinations thereof; and / or the substrate comprises dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, a food tray, a cutting board, a kitchen utensil, a food container, or kitchen equipment parts.

[0141] In one embodiment according to the sixth aspect, the method comprises the steps of contacting the substrate with the detergent formulation during washing, and optionally rinsing the substrate. The washing step typically involves contacting the substrate with the detergent formulation and water, before rinsing the substrate. In one embodiment according to the seventh aspect, the method comprises the steps of:

[0142] (i) contacting the detergent formulation, the washing liquid and the substrate;

[0143] (ii) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid;

[0144] (iii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0145] (iv) optionally rinsing the substrate.

[0146] In one embodiment according to the sixth or seventh aspect, the temperature during washing is from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

[0147] In one embodiment according to the sixth or seventh aspect, wherein the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles or clothing, optionally wherein the washing is performed in a commercial or domestic washing machine at a temperature of from 20°C to 60°C, 25°C to 50°C or 30°C to 40°C.

[0148] In one embodiment according to the sixth or seventh aspect, wherein the substrate comprises dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, a food tray, a cutting board, a kitchen utensil, a food container, or kitchen equipment parts and wherein the washing is performed in a commercial or domestic dishwasher at a temperature of from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

[0149] In a further embodiment according to the sixth or seventh aspect, the amount of zeolite included within the detergent formulation that is added to the substrate / washing liquid during the washing step is typically at least 0.1 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 2 g, 4 g, 5 g or greater than 5 g per wash, for example 5 g, 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 30 g, 40 g, or 50 g. In certain embodiments, the amount is greater than 5 g per wash. In certain embodiments, for wash volumes of from 10 litres and 100 litres, the amount of zeolite included within the detergent formulation that is added to the wash is of from 5 g to 50 g. In a further embodiment applicable to all aspects and embodiments disclosed herein, for a wash volume of between 45 and 55 litres, the amount of zeolite included within the detergent formulation that is added to the wash is 5 g, 10 g or 20 g.

[0150] In a ninth aspect, the invention provides a detergent formulation comprising:

[0151] (i) an adsorbent comprising a zeolite; and

[0152] (ii) one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and optionally an enzyme, wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, optionally wherein the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0153] Adsorbent-containing detergent formulations

[0154] In a further aspect, the invention provides a detergent formulation comprising one or more adsorbents, wherein at least one adsorbent is capable of:

[0155] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0156] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0157] In one embodiment, the at least one adsorbent is capable of removing toxic chemicals from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the toxic chemicals have leached from the substrate or have leached from a component of the washing vessel into the washing liquid during washing of the substrate or wherein the toxic chemicals are present in the washing liquid prior to the addition of the substrate to the liquid.

[0158] Typically, unless otherwise stated, the washing liquid comprises water.

[0159] For the avoidance of any doubt, the one or more adsorbents are capable of adsorbing toxic chemicals onto their external or internal surfaces by capturing the toxic chemical from the surface of the substrate or by capturing toxic chemicals from the washing liquid. The toxic chemicals present in the washing liquid may have leached from the substrate into the liquid during washing. Alternatively, the toxic chemicals may have leached from a component of the washing vessel (e.g. from a plastic component forming part of the washing vessel) or from a plastic container containing the detergent formulation added to the washing vessel. In addition, the toxic chemicals may be present in the washing liquid prior to the addition of the substrate (or indeed any other plastic container containing the detergent formulation) to the washing vessel. That is, the toxic chemicals may be present, albeit in trace amounts, within the water that is the washing liquid i.e., within the tap water that is supplied directly from a pipe and / or tap into the washing vessel.

[0160] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and one or more adsorbents, wherein at least one adsorbent is capable of:

[0161] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0162] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0163] The one or more adsorbents may be any adsorbent capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing and / or from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0164] In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises one or more adsorbents, wherein at least one adsorbent is capable of:

[0165] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0166] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the adsorbent comprises at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. In one embodiment, the toxic chemicals comprise one or more of: bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol E (BPE), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol AF (BPAF), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAs) such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), organophosphates, organophosphonates, tributyl phosphate, disperse dyes, anthraquinone or azo dyes, toluene, hexavalent chromium, dimethyl fumarate, phthalates, heavy metals, lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, thallium, arsenic, cobalt, triclosan and antimony. In some embodiments, the toxic chemical is bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA. In certain embodiments, the toxic chemical is bisphenol A.

[0167] In one embodiment, the toxic chemical comprises one or more of: bisphenol-A (BPA), triclosan (TCA), chloroxylenol (PCMX), carbamazepine (CBZ), sulfamethoxazole, diclofenac, cefepime, iomeprol, metazachlor, and acesulfame.

[0168] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more adsorbents, wherein at least one adsorbent is capable of:

[0169] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0170] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0171] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and one or more adsorbents, wherein at least one adsorbent is capable of:

[0172] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0173] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0174] The one or more adsorbents may be a natural adsorbent or a synthetic adsorbent, or a combination thereof.

[0175] In one embodiment the one or more adsorbents comprise activated carbon.

[0176] In some embodiments the adsorbent comprises one or more of coconut shell activated carbon, impregnated coconut shell activated carbon.

[0177] In certain embodiments, the one or more adsorbents comprise activated carbon, such as coconut shell activated carbon or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon.

[0178] In one embodiment the one or more adsorbents comprise activated carbon having a surface area of from 950 to 2000 m2 / g.

[0179] In one embodiment the activated carbon has a surface area of from 1000 to 1500 m2 / g.

[0180] In one embodiment the activated carbon has a surface area of from 1100 to 1400 m2 / g.

[0181] In one embodiment the activated carbon has a surface area of about 1200 m2 / g. In one embodiment the activated carbon has a surface area of from 1000 to 2500 m2 / g.

[0182] In one embodiment the activated carbon has a surface area of from 1100 to 2400 m2 / g.

[0183] In one embodiment the activated carbon has a surface area of from 1200 to 2200 m2 / g.

[0184] In one embodiment the activated carbon has a surface area of from 1300 to 2100 m2 / g.

[0185] In one embodiment the activated carbon has a surface area of from 1400 to 2000 m2 / g.

[0186] In one embodiment the activated carbon has a surface area of from 1500 to 1900 m2 / g.

[0187] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon in an amount effective to remove toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or remove toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0188] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon in an amount of 15 to 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 20 to 85 weight percent, 25 to 80 weight percent, 30 to 75 weight percent or 35 to 65 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0189] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon in an amount of 30 to 84 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 40 to 80 weight percent, 50 to 80 weight percent, 50 to 70 weight percent or 60 to 70 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0190] In one embodiment, the activated carbon comprises at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0191] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0192] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0193] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0194] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0195] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0196] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0197] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0198] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the activated carbon comprises at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0199] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0200] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0201] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the activated carbon comprises at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0202] In one embodiment, the one or more adsorbents is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate, wherein the amount of toxic chemicals upon the substrate is reduced by between 5% and 95%, 10% and 85%, 15% and 75%, 20% and 65%, 25% and 55% or 30% and 45% of the original prewash amount present upon the substrate, following the washing of the substrate with the detergent formulation in a washing liquid. In certain embodiments, the one or more adsorbents is capable of removing toxic chemicals and thereby reducing the amount of toxic chemicals by between 5% and 65% of the original prewash amount.

[0203] In one embodiment, the one or more adsorbents is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the amount of toxic chemicals within the washing liquid is reduced by between 5% and 95%, 10% and 85%, 15% and 75%, 20% and 65%, 25% and 55% or 30% and 45% during the washing of the substrate with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid. In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0204] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0205] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the activated carbon comprises coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon, optionally wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon has a surface area of from 1000 to 2500 m2 / g or 1000 to 1500 m2 / g.

[0206] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0207] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0208] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the activated carbon comprises coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon, optionally wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon has a surface area of from 1000 to 2500 m2 / g or 1000 to 1500 m2 / g.

[0209] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0210] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0211] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the activated carbon comprises at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and wherein the activated carbon comprises coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon, optionally wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon has a surface area of from 1000 to 2500 m2 / g or 1000 to 1500 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0212] (i) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0213] (ii) removing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the activated carbon comprises at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and wherein the activated carbon is coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon, optionally wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon has a surface area of from 1000 to 2500 m2 / g or 1000 to 1500 m2 / g.

[0214] In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing, wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon is present in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0215] In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon for removing BPA from a substrate during washing, wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon is present in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0216] In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon for removing BPA from a substrate during washing, wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon is present in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation and has a surface area of from 1000 to 1500 m2 / g.

[0217] In one embodiment, the detergent formulations described hereinabove do not comprise an enzyme.

[0218] The detergent formulation may also contain any ingredients known and commonplace in such formulations. Such ingredients include builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, bleach activators, pH regulators, water-miscible organic solvents, enzymes, sequester agents, electrolytes, and further auxiliaries, such as optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators as well as dyes and fragrances.

[0219] The detergent formulations described herein may be formulated as a solid (in particulate, powder, granular or tablet form), a liquid or spray (homogeneous solutions or suspensions), a paste or a gel.

[0220] The substrates suitable for washing include laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay during washing of the substrate, for example during one or more wash cycles. The detergent formulation can also remove toxic chemicals present on a substrate which comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts, for example during one or more wash cycles.

[0221] In one embodiment, the substrate may be a floor covering, optionally a floor covering textile for example a carpet. In some embodiments, the substrate may be a flooring (e.g. carpet) underlay. Some carpet underlays comprise toxic chemicals such as styrene butadienes, which in some embodiments can be removed using a detergent formulation according to the invention.

[0222] In one embodiment, the substrate comprises cotton, wool, synthetic material, polyester, polypropylene, or a combination thereof.

[0223] In one embodiment, the substrate is fibrous, woven or spun.

[0224] In one embodiment, the substrate comprises: ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts.

[0225] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises least one adsorbent, wherein the adsorbent is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0226] Typically, the washing liquid comprises water. For example, the washing liquid may comprise laundry water or dishwashing water. In some embodiments the washing liquid may comprise “wash supernatant", or "water in the wash". In some embodiments, the washing liquid may comprise laundry and laundry water, for example the typical contents of a washing machine during a wash cycle. In some embodiments, the washing liquid may comprise dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts and dishwashing water, for example the typical contents of a dishwasher during a wash cycle. The detergent formulation, specifically the at least one adsorbent therein, typically removes any toxic chemicals by adsorbing them from the washing liquid during the washing of the substrate e.g., laundry or dishware. Therefore, in some embodiments, the detergent formulation can remove toxic chemicals from the substrate and remove toxic chemicals from the water used to wash the substrate. Consequently, the toxic chemicals are therefore not simply transferred into the washing liquid (e.g. laundry or dishwashing water) but removed therefrom by the adsorbent during the washing process.

[0227] A further aspect of the invention provides the use of any one of the adsorbent-containing detergent formulations as described herein for:

[0228] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0229] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0230] In one embodiment, the invention provides the use of any one of the adsorbent-containing detergent formulations as described herein for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate in a washing machine or dishwasher. In one embodiment, the washing machine is a commercial or domestic appliance. In one embodiment, the dishwasher is a commercial or domestic appliance.

[0231] In one embodiment, the invention provides the use of any one of the adsorbent-containing detergent formulations as described herein for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate by washing of the substrate by manual washing, for example by hand washing clothing or by washing a surface with the detergent and an appropriate tool, such as a scourer or scrubber.

[0232] A further aspect of the invention provides the use of any one of the adsorbent-containing detergent formulations as described herein for:

[0233] (i) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;

[0234] (ii) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;

[0235] (iii) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0236] (iv) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts; or

[0237] (v) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during washing, wherein the surface is not skin.

[0238] A further aspect of the invention provides the use of activated carbon for:

[0239] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0240] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0241] In one embodiment, the activated carbon comprises coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon, optionally wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon has a surface area of from 1000 to 2500 m2 / g or 1000 to 1500 m2 / g.

[0242] A further aspect of the invention provides the use of activated carbon for:

[0243] (i) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;

[0244] (ii) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;

[0245] (iii) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0246] (iv) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0247] (v) removing toxic chemicals, optionally BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during washing, wherein the surface is not skin.

[0248] In one embodiment, the activated carbon comprises coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon, optionally wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon has a surface area of from 1000 to 2500 m2 / g or 1000 to 1500 m2 / g. A further aspect of the invention provides a method for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing, wherein the substrate is washed with any one of the adsorbentcontaining detergent formulations described herein, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0249] A further aspect of the invention provides a method for removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during the washing of a substrate in the washing liquid, wherein the substrate is washed with any one of the adsorbent-containing detergent formulations described herein, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0250] A further aspect of the invention provides a method for removing toxic chemicals from a surface during washing of the surface, wherein the surface is washed with any one of the adsorbentcontaining detergent formulations described herein, wherein the surface is not skin and optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0251] In one embodiment according to the further method aspects, the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard, paper or combinations thereof; and / or the substrate comprises dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, a food tray, a cutting board, a kitchen utensil, a food container, or kitchen equipment parts.

[0252] In one embodiment according to the further method aspects, the method comprises the steps of contacting the substrate with the detergent formulation during washing, and optionally rinsing the substrate. The washing step typically involves contacting the substrate with the adsorbent-containing detergent formulation and water, before rinsing the substrate.

[0253] In one embodiment according to the further method aspects, the method comprises the steps of:

[0254] (i) contacting the detergent formulation, the washing liquid and the substrate;

[0255] (ii) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid;

[0256] (iii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0257] (iv) optionally rinsing the substrate.

[0258] In one embodiment according to the further method aspects, the temperature during washing is from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

[0259] In one embodiment according to the further method aspects, wherein the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles or clothing, optionally wherein the washing is performed in a commercial or domestic washing machine at a temperature of from 20°C to 60°C, 25°C to 50°C or 30°C to 40°C. In one embodiment, wherein the substrate comprises dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, a food tray, a cutting board, a kitchen utensil, a food container, or kitchen equipment parts and wherein the washing is performed in a commercial or domestic dishwasher at a temperature of from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

[0260] In a further aspect, the invention provides a detergent formulation comprising:

[0261] (i) an adsorbent; and

[0262] (ii) one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and optionally an enzyme wherein the adsorbent comprises at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0263] In a further aspect, the invention provides a detergent formulation comprising:

[0264] (i) an adsorbent comprising activated carbon and / or a zeolite; and

[0265] (ii) one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and optionally an enzyme, wherein the activated carbon and / or a zeolite comprise at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0266] Brief description of the Drawings

[0267] Figure 1 provides an overview of the washing test protocol described in Example 2.

[0268] Figure 2 shows the removal of BPAfrom a wash solution by CBV-901 at various concentrations Figure 3 shows the removal of BPA from a wash solution by a detergent containing CBV-901 at various concentrations

[0269] Figure 4 shows the removal of BPA from a wash solution by activated carbon and laccase in the presence and absence of a detergent

[0270] Figure 5 shows the removal of BPA from a wash solution spiked with 100 ng / mL BPA by activated carbon and laccase in the presence and absence of a detergent

[0271] Figure 6 shows the removal of BPA from a wash solution spiked with 3600 ng / mL BPA by activated carbon and laccase in the presence and absence of a detergent Detailed Description of the Invention

[0272] Detergent formulations are designed to remove so-called natural stains and soils, for example those that are protein-, starch-, lipid-, and cellulose-based. These stains / soils originate from the natural environment and the foodstuffs consumed by humans. Detergent formulations are typically employed to remove said stains / soils from clothing in laundry applications, and from other substrates, for example dishware, glassware, cookware, cutlery and worktops (specifically the surfaces thereof) which come into contact with foodstuffs and / or other material found within the natural environment in dishwashing and cleaning applications.

[0273] However, in addition to natural and foodstuff stains / soils, clothing (or indeed any other substrate) may be stained / soiled by synthetic materials, in particular synthetic chemicals. For example, even though manufacturers and regulatory agencies control and monitor the use of chemicals in textile production, textile production requires the use of a wide range and large quantity of synthetic chemicals, and so there remains a genuine risk that trace amounts of synthetic chemicals find their way into marketed products. Compared to natural stains, synthetic chemical stains / soils or contaminants are more problematic, because they are more likely to be toxic to humans, even in trace amounts.

[0274] It appears that the general development of detergent formulations in the art has overlooked the importance (and necessity) of removing toxic chemical stains / soils from substrates, and so the present invention provides a detergent formulation to meet this need.

[0275] The invention is based on the development of detergent formulations that are capable of removing toxic chemicals from substrates during washing of the substrate and removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid. In particular, the invention is based on detergent formulations comprising one or more adsorbents, for example a zeolite, wherein principally it is the adsorbent, for example zeolite(s) that are capable of removing toxic chemicals from substrates during washing of the substrate, and removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0276] Accordingly, one advantage of the invention, is that the one or more adsorbents (e.g., zeolite) contained with the detergent formulations are capable of adsorbing toxic chemicals, for example bisphenol A, in the presence of other detergent components. That is, the activity and ability of zeolites to adsorb toxic chemicals has been found to not be diminished to the extent that the toxic chemicals cannot be adsorbed. The consequence of this finding is that the inventors have developed detergent formulations with dual functionality; that is, improved in comparison to known formulations. Said dual functionality namely provides the ability to remove natural (or traditional) stains and soils, for example those that are protein-, starch-, lipid-, and cellulose-based whilst concomitantly being able to remove toxic chemical stains / soils. The detergent formulations can also remove any toxic chemicals that may be present, albeit in trace amounts, within the water that is the washing liquid (i.e., within the tap water that is supplied directly from a pipe and / or tap into the washing vessel).

[0277] As such, the detergent formulations of the present invention provide enhanced cleaning effects in comparison to known formulations and moreover provide peace of mind for consumers that their clothing, dishware and work surfaces for example, do not contain (and are not accumulating) toxic chemicals. This is a particularly important advantage associated with the invention because exposure to trace amounts of toxic chemicals over an extended period is known to increase the risk of negative health effects and outcomes for humans. Thus, by substituting existing detergent formulations with the present formulation, consumers can reduce this risk by removing toxic chemicals from their clothing and the environment in which they live.

[0278] Detergent formulations

[0279] The term detergent formulation is to be given its usual meaning in the art, that is, a cleaning agent capable of removing stains, soils and any unwanted substances such as toxic chemicals from a substrate.

[0280] The term removing is to be understood as “reducing the amount of’. In the context of the detergent formulation, it therefore includes partial and complete removal of a toxic chemical.

[0281] Moreover, in the context of the present invention, the zeolites operate to “remove” toxic chemicals from substrates, washing liquids / solution, surfaces by adsorbing toxic chemicals from said substrates, washing liquids / solution, surfaces.

[0282] In addition to the one or more adsorbents (e.g., zeolite), the detergent formulation of the invention may also contain any ingredients known and commonplace in such formulations, including builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, pH regulators, water-miscible organic solvents, enzymes, sequester agents, electrolytes, disintegrants, process aids, water softeners, and further auxiliaries, such as optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam inhibitor as well as dyes and fragrances.

[0283] For the avoidance of any doubt, in one embodiment the detergent formulation is not a facewash, toothpaste, face mask, mouthwash, shaving gel, soap, deodorant, cleansing wipe or exfoliant cleanser.

[0284] The skilled person is aware of how to prepare a detergent formulation, as discussed further herein. Builders

[0285] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a water-soluble and / or waterinsoluble, organic and / or inorganic builder. Suitable water-soluble organic builder substances include polycarboxylic acids, in particular citric acid and saccharic acids, monomeric and polymeric amino polycarboxylic acids, in particular glycine diacetic acid, methylglycine diacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, iminodisuccinates such as ethylene diamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid and hydroxyimino disuccinates, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid as well as polyaspartic acid, polyphosphonic acids, in particular aminotris(methylene phosphonic acid), ethylene diamine tetrakis(methylene phosphonic acid), lysine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) and 1- hydroxyethane-1 ,1-diphosphonic acid, polymeric hydroxy compounds such as dextrin as well as polymeric (poly)carboxylic acids, polycarboxylates accessible in particular by oxidation of polysaccharides, polymeric acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, maleic acids and mixed polymer of same, which may also contain small proportions of polymerisable substances without carboxylic acid functionality polymerised therein. Suitable water-soluble inorganic builder materials include polyphosphates, for example sodium triphosphate. Suitable water-insoluble builder materials include aluminosilicates. Further suitable builders will be apparent to the skilled person.

[0286] In one embodiment, the builder is selected from one or more components like sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate and sodium hydroxide. In a certain embodiment, the builder is sodium carbonate.

[0287] Surfactants

[0288] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a surfactant or several surfactants, for example an anionic, non-ionic, cationic, zwitterionic and / or amphoteric surfactant. Suitable non-ionic surfactants may be alkyl glycosides and ethoxylation and / or propoxylation products of alkyl glycosides or linear or branched alcohols. Suitable anionic surfactants may be soaps and those which contain sulfate or sulfonate groups, including soaps in the form of salts thereof, for example sodium, potassium or ammonium salts, as well as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or tri-ethanol amine. Surfactants are typically contained in detergent formulations in an amount of from 1% to 50% by weight of the formulation, or from 5% to 30% by weight of the formulation. Further suitable surfactants will be apparent to the skilled person. In one embodiment, the surfactant is selected from one of lauryl glucoside and myristyl glucoside.

[0289] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may not contain a surfactant. In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may not contain an anionic or non-ionic surfactant. In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a natural surfactant.

[0290] Bulking agents

[0291] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a bulking agent. Bulking agents may also be referred to as flow aids in the art. Bulking agents are principally used to increase the volume (or bulk) of detergent formulations. That is, they make the detergent formulation (or product) appear larger or more substantial without increasing the concentration of active ingredients, which helps improve measuring and handling of the formulation, and enhances free-flowing properties, particularly for powered detergent. Any suitable bulking agent may be incorporated into the detergent formulation. However, the most suitable bulking agents are sodium sulfate.

[0292] Bleaching agents

[0293] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a bleaching agent. Suitable bleaching agents include chlorine, alkaline hypochlorite, dichloroisocyanuric acid and salts thereof. Organic peracids or peracid salts of organic acids, such as phthalimido-percaproic acid, perbenzoic acid, monoperoxyphthalic acid and diperdodecanoic acid and the salts thereof are also suitable. Hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide emitting inorganic salts such as perborate, percarbonate and / or persilicate are also suitable. Where solid peroxygen compounds are intended to be used, these can be used in the form of powders or granulates which can also be encapsulated in any known manner. If the detergent formulation contains peroxygen compounds, they may be present in an amount of from 1% to 20% by weight of the formulation.

[0294] Disintegrant

[0295] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may include a disintegrant to ensure that the tablet dissolves smoothly without clumping. Suitable disintegrants include citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, succinic anhydride, hydrated silica, microcrystalline cellulose, starches such as: natural, modified or pre-gelatinised starch and sodium starch gluconate; starch derivatives such as cellulose and derivatives thereof; gums: agar gum, guar gum, locust bean gum, karaya gum, pectin gum, tragacanth gum; algenic acid and its salts including sodium alginate; silicone dioxide; soy polysaccharides; polyvinylpyrrolidone; crospovidone; clays; acetate trihydrate; burkeite; monohydrated carbonate formula Na2CO3.H2O; hydrated STPP with a phase I content of at least about 40%; carboxymethylcellulose (CMC); CMC-based polymers; sodium acetate; aluminium oxide; and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the disintegrant comprises citric acid, hydrated silica and / or microcrystalline cellulose. pH regulators

[0296] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a pH regulator. Typically, pH regulators may be included in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of from 1 to 10 to water during washing. The pH regulator may include a system-compatible and environmentally-compatible acid. In one embodiment, the acid includes organic acids such as citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid and / or adipic acid, but also mineral acids, in particular sulfuric acid, or bases, in particular ammonium or alkali hydroxides. Such pH regulators may be contained in the formulations described herein in an amount of 20% by weight of the formulation, or from 1% to 18% by weight of the formulation.

[0297] Process aids

[0298] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a process aid. Suitable process aids include sorbitan caprylate and sodium zinc polyitaconate.

[0299] Water softeners

[0300] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a water softener. Suitable water softeners include sodium salts, for example, sodium citrate or zeolites.

[0301] Optical brighteners

[0302] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain an optical brightener. Suitable optical brighteners include derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acids or alkali metal salts thereof. For example, salts of 4,4'-bis(2-anilino-4-morpholino-1 ,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino)stilbene- 2,2'-disulfonic acid or analogues thereof, wherein the morpholino group may be substituted for a diethanol amino group, a methylamino group, an anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group. In one embodiment, optical brighteners may include substituted diphenyl styryls, for example the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis(2-sulfostyryl)-diphenyl, 4,4'-Bis(4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl)- diphenyl, or 4-(4-chlorostyryl)-4'-(2-sulfostyryl)-diphenyl. In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may not contain an optical brightener. Graying inhibitors

[0303] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a graying inhibitor. Graying inhibitors work to suspend the stain / soil released from the substrate in the washing solution. In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a graying inhibitor such as a water- soluble colloid, for example an organically-derived water-soluble colloid such as starches, celluloses, gelatins, salts of ethercarboxylic acids or ethersulfonic acids of the starches or of the cellulose or salts of acid sulfuric acid esters of the cellulose or of the starch. In one embodiment, polyamides containing water-soluble acid groups may be used. In certain embodiments, cellulose ethers are used, such as carboxymethyl cellulose (Na salt), methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose and mixed ethers such as methylhydroxyethyl cellulose, methylhydroxypropyl cellulose, methylcarboxymethyl cellulose and the mixtures thereof. Such graying inhibitors may be contained in the formulations described herein in an amount of from 0.1% to 5% by weight of the formulation.

[0304] Foam inhibitors

[0305] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may contain a foam inhibitor. Suitable foam inhibitors include soaps of natural or synthetic origin which have a high proportion of Ci8-C24fatty acids. Suitable non-surfactant foam inhibitors are for example organopolysiloxanes and the mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanised silicic acid and paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline wax and mixtures thereof with silanised silicic acid or bis fatty acid alkylene diamides. Also, mixtures of different foam inhibitors are used with advantages, for example those made from silicones, paraffins or waxes. Preferably, the foam inhibitors, in particular silicone and / or paraffin-containing foam inhibitors, are bonded to a granular carrier substance which is soluble in water or dispersible. In one embodiment, the detergent formulation may include paraffins and bistearylethylene diamide foam inhibitors.

[0306] Adsorbents

[0307] General

[0308] The term adsorbent is to be given its usual meaning in the art (i.e., a solid substance which can bind (adsorb) atoms, ions, or molecules to its surface from a liquid or a gas).

[0309] The term adsorbate is given its usual meaning in the art (i.e., the substance which binds to the adsorbent).

[0310] The invention principally relates to detergent formulations which contain a zeolite. Within the formulation, the zeolite functions as an adsorbent. The nature of the bonding of adsorbate to the adsorbent depends on the nature of the species involved. They can either bind by: physisorption, weak van der Waals forces between the adsorbent and adsorbate; chemisorption, which forms a new chemical bond at the surface; or electrostatic interactions between the adsorbent and the adsorbate. Depending on the surface of the adsorbent, an adsorbent will bind an adsorbate by one or more of these methods with high affinity.

[0311] An adsorbent may be naturally occurring or of synthetic origin.

[0312] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more adsorbents which are of synthetic origin. Typically, the detergent formulation comprises one or more adsorbents that are of natural origin.

[0313] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises more than one adsorbent that are a mixture of natural and synthetic origin.

[0314] In one embodiment, the one or more adsorbents comprises any absorbent capable of binding and removing a toxic chemical from a substrate during washing.

[0315] In one embodiment, the one or more adsorbents is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate without bleaching that substrate.

[0316] In some embodiments, the one or more adsorbents are selected from the group comprising activated carbon, bentonite, polymeric adsorbents, silica gel, iron oxide, iron hydroxide or mixtures thereof.

[0317] In one embodiment, the one or more adsorbents comprises activated carbon.

[0318] In one embodiment, the one or more absorbents comprises a zeolite.

[0319] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite of synthetic origin. Typically, the detergent formulation comprises one or more zeolites which are of natural or synthetic origin.

[0320] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises more than one zeolite, typically a mixture of natural zeolites and zeolites of synthetic origin.

[0321] In one embodiment, the zeolite is capable of binding and removing a toxic chemical from a substrate during washing.

[0322] In one embodiment, the zeolite is capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate without bleaching that substrate.

[0323] Zeolites

[0324] Zeolites have the general formula (MAIO2)(SiO2)x(H2O)ywhere M+is usually H+and Na+. They are a group of naturally occurring or synthetic hydrated aluminosilicate minerals with a highly ordered porous structure. They are characterized by their crystalline framework of silicon, aluminum, and oxygen atoms arranged in regular, repeating patterns. Zeolites have a three-dimensional network of channels and cages within their structure, which gives them unique adsorbent properties.

[0325] The adsorbent properties of zeolites result from their porous structure (i.e., large surface area) and the presence of charged sites within the channels and cages (Wang and Peng, Chemical Engineering Journal, 156, 2021 , 11-24). These properties make zeolites effective for adsorbing and exchanging molecules, ions, and gases.

[0326] As noted, zeolites can either be of natural or synthetic origin. Natural zeolites are hydrothermal and usually of volcanic origin, whereas synthetic zeolites can be made using any known method in the art, such as hydrothermal synthesis, molten salt method, fusion method, alkali activation, microwave-assisted synthesis or synthesis by dialysis.

[0327] In principle, any zeolite capable of adsorbing toxic chemicals is suitable for inclusion within the detergent formulations of the present invention.

[0328] Typically, the zeolites for inclusion within the detergent formulations of the present invention have been discussed in connection with the aspects of the invention.

[0329] However, a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g, are particularly suitable for all of the detergent formulations and washing applications described herein.

[0330] A further particularly suitable zeolite for use in connection with all aspects of the present invention is CBV-901. A further particularly suitable zeolite for use in connection with all aspects of the present invention is CP-7105. A further particularly suitable zeolite for use in connection with all aspects of the present invention is USZ-1.

[0331] Activated carbon

[0332] Activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a highly porous source of carbon which acts as an absorbent.

[0333] Activated carbon may be included in the detergent formulations in any suitable solid form, such as a powder, a granulated material, a fibrous material or a cloth.

[0334] The adsorbent property of activated carbon results from its large surface area, high degree of surface reactivity, and favorable pore size that make the internal surface area accessible to gases and liquids (Bansal et al., Activated CARBON, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, pp 1-26 (1988)).

[0335] Activated carbon is available from multiple commercial suppliers. However, the preparation of activated carbon, which generally involves two steps, is also well known. The first step is carbonization of the carbonaceous raw material at temperatures below 800°C in the absence of oxygen, and the second step is activation of the carbonised product. (Bansal et al., Activated CARBON, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, pp 1-26 (1988) and US5614459). Activated carbon can be made from any suitable carbonaceous raw material such as, bituminous coals, bones, coconut shells, peach, apricot and olive pits, apricot shells, petrol residues, wood and waste biomass from agriculture, asphalt, metal carbides, soot, incineration products, synthetic polymers or waste from the paper industry. The carbonised product can be activated by any suitable activation process known in the art, for example gas activation or chemical activation. Methods of activating the carbonised product are well known in the art (example. g., those explained in US5614459).

[0336] The pore size of activated carbon can vary based on the preparation method. The activated carbon can predominantly comprise micropores (diameter of less than 2 nm), the activated carbon can predominantly comprise mesopores (diameter of from 2 nm to 50 nm), or the activated carbon can predominantly comprise macropores (diameter of more than 50 nm).

[0337] In one embodiment the average pore size of the activated carbon is less than 2 nm.

[0338] In one embodiment the average pore size of the activated carbon is between 2 nm and 50 nm.

[0339] In one embodiment the average pore size of the activated carbon is greater than 50 nm.

[0340] In one embodiment the density of the activated carbon is between 1.8 and 2.2 g / cm3. In a certain embodiment, the density of the activated carbon is between 1.91 and 2.04 g / cm3.

[0341] In certain embodiments, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon, such as coconut shell activated carbon or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon. These varieties of activated carbon typically have a surface area of from 950 to 2000 m2 / g or of from 1000 to 2500 m2 / g. Furthermore, these varieties of activated carbon typically comprise at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the detergent formulation.

[0342] Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is thought that the inclusion of activated carbon in an amount of at least 20 weight percent of the detergent formulation, may assist in removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0343] In one embodiment the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon from 30 to 90 weight percent of adsorbent in the composition, for example 40 to 80 weight percent, 50 to 80 weight percent, 60 to 70 weight percent or 50 to 70 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, optionally wherein the activated carbon is one or more of coconut shell activated carbon or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon.

[0344] Physical form of the detergent formulation

[0345] The detergent formulation of the invention may be a solid (in particulate, granular or tablet form), a liquid or spray (homogeneous solutions or suspensions) or gel. Suitable methods to prepare solid, liquid and gel detergent formulations will be apparent to the skilled person.

[0346] For example, solid detergent formulations may be prepared in any known manner, for example, by simple mixing of the components described herein. If for example, spray-drying or granulation processes are used, enzymes and any other thermally sensitive ingredients may be added after the spray drying step. For example, to prepare a detergent formulation in tablet form, which are monophase or multiphase, monochromatic or polychromatic and may include one or more layers, typically all components or the one or more layers are mixed together in a mixer and the mixture compressed by employing conventional tablet presses, for example eccentric presses or rotary presses. In multilayer tablets, at least one layer may be pre- compressed. In this way, break-proof tablets which are sufficiently quickly soluble under application conditions are then obtained. Tablets may be of any shape, for example round, oval or square, wherein also intermediate forms are also possible.

[0347] In some embodiments of the present invention, the detergent formulation is a tablet having a weight from 2 to 200 g, for example, 5 to 100 g, 5 to 20 g, or 5 to 10 g.

[0348] Liquid, spray and gel detergent formulations may also be prepared in any known manner and are generally produced by simple mixing of the ingredients into water / conventional solventcontaining solutions, in an appropriate mixing device. In addition to water, the conventional solvents may include an organic solvent which can be used in the detergents, typically alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and tert-butanol, diols with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, as well as the mixtures thereof and the ethers which can be derived from the named classes of compounds. The solvents may be included in an amount of 30% by weight of the total detergent formulation, or from about 6% to 20%.

[0349] Solid and / or liquid detergents as described herein may also be packed in portion bags (preferably self-dissolving, for example polyvinylalcohol), portion pouches, in particular also in multi-chamber pouches.

[0350] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0351] (i) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0352] (ii) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the detergent formulation is formulated as a solid (in particulate, granular or tablet form) or a liquid (homogeneous solutions / suspensions), for example as a spray optionally wherein the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0353] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0354] (i) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0355] (ii) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the detergent formulation is formulated as a solid (in particulate, granular or tablet form) or a liquid (homogeneous solutions / suspensions), for example as a spray optionally wherein the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0356] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0357] (i) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0358] (ii) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation and wherein the detergent formulation is formulated as a solid (in particulate, granular or tablet form) or a liquid (homogeneous solutions / suspensions), for example as a spray optionally wherein the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0359] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0360] (i) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or (ii) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation and wherein the detergent formulation is formulated as a solid (in particulate, granular or tablet form) or a liquid (homogeneous solutions / suspensions), for example as a spray optionally wherein the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g. In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0361] (i) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0362] (ii) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the detergent formulation is formulated as a solid (in particulate, granular or tablet form) or a liquid (homogeneous solutions / suspensions), for example as a spray.

[0363] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes, and / or fragrances, and activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0364] (i) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0365] (ii) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the detergent formulation is formulated as a solid (in particulate, granular or tablet form) or a liquid (homogeneous solutions / suspensions), for example, as a spray.

[0366] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of:

[0367] (i) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0368] (ii) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the activated carbon comprises at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation and wherein the detergent formulation is formulated as a solid (in particulate, granular or tablet form) or a liquid (homogeneous solutions / suspensions), for example as a spray.

[0369] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes, and / or fragrances, and activated carbon, wherein the activated carbon is capable of: (i) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0370] (ii) removing a toxic chemical, optionally bisphenol A, bisphenol S and / or a PFA from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the activated carbon comprises at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation and wherein the detergent formulation is formulated as a solid (in particulate, granular or tablet form) or a liquid (homogeneous solutions / suspensions), for example as a spray.

[0371] Zeolite containing detergent formulations

[0372] The detergent formulations of the present invention comprise one or more zeolites.

[0373] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and a pH regulator in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the water during washing. In certain embodiments, the zeolite is present in an amount from 60 to 70 weight percent of the detergent formulation.

[0374] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation; for example, 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0375] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of at least 20 or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation; or the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0376] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0377] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and a pH regulator in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the water during washing. In certain embodiments the zeolite is present in an amount of from 60 to 70 weight percent of the detergent formulation.

[0378] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and a pH regulator in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the water during washing and one or more of builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, additional enzymes, sequester agents, electrolytes, and further auxiliaries, such as optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators as well as dyes and fragrances. In certain embodiments, the zeolite is present in an amount from 60 to 70 weight percent of the detergent formulation.

[0379] Activated carbon containing detergent formulations

[0380] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon in an amount of at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and a pH regulator in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the water during washing.

[0381] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and a pH regulator in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the water during washing. In certain embodiments, the activated carbon is present in an amount from 60 to 70 weight percent of the detergent formulation.

[0382] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon and a zeolite in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and a pH regulator in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the water during washing.

[0383] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises one or more of coconut shell activated carbon and impregnated coconut shell activated carbon in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and a pH regulator in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the water during washing. In certain embodiments the activated carbon is present in an amount from 60 to 70 weight percent of the detergent formulation.

[0384] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, and a pH regulator in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the water during washing and one or more of builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, additional enzymes, sequester agents, electrolytes, and further auxiliaries, such as optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators as well as dyes and fragrances. In certain embodiments the activated carbon is present in an amount from 60 to 70 weight percent of the detergent formulation.

[0385] Uses of the invention

[0386] As discussed, the invention is based on the development of detergent formulations that are capable of removing toxic chemicals from substrates during washing of the substrate and removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid. In particular, the invention is based on detergent formulations comprising one or more adsorbents, for example a zeolite, wherein principally it is the adsorbent(s) (e.g., zeolite(s) that are capable of removing toxic chemicals from substrates during washing of the substrate and removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid).

[0387] Accordingly, the invention provides the use of any one of the detergent formulations as described herein for: i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs. In one embodiment, the invention provides the use of any one of the detergent formulations as described herein for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate in a washing machine or dishwasher. The washing machine or dishwasher may be a commercial or domestic appliance.

[0388] In one embodiment, the invention provides the use of any one of the detergent formulations as described herein for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate by washing of the substrate by manual washing; for example, by hand washing clothing or by washing a surface with the detergent and an appropriate tool, such as a scrubber or scourer.

[0389] Accordingly, the invention also provides the use of any one of the detergent formulations as described herein for:

[0390] (i) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;

[0391] (ii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;

[0392] (iii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0393] (iv) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts; or

[0394] (v) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during washing, wherein the surface is not skin.

[0395] In one embodiment, the invention provides the use of any one of the detergent formulations as described herein for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate in a washing machine or dishwasher. In one embodiment, the washing machine is a commercial or domestic appliance. In one embodiment, the dishwasher is a commercial or domestic appliance.

[0396] In one embodiment, the invention provides the use of any one of the detergent formulations as described herein for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate by washing of the substrate by manual washing, for example by hand washing clothing or by washing a surface with the detergent and an appropriate tool, such as a scrubber or scourer. In addition, the present invention is also based on the finding that adsorbents, such as activated carbon and / or a zeolite are capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate when the adsorbents are combined with substrates during washing of the substrates, for example washing in water.

[0397] Furthermore, the present invention is also based on the finding that zeolites are capable of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate when the zeolites are combined with substrates during washing of the substrates, for example washing in water.

[0398] Accordingly, the invention provides the use of a zeolite for:

[0399] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0400] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0401] In one embodiment, the zeolite comprises any of the zeolites described herein.

[0402] In one embodiment, the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0403] Accordingly, the invention provides the use of activated carbon for:

[0404] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0405] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0406] In one embodiment, the activated carbon comprises coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon, optionally wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon has a surface area of from 1000 to 2500 m2 / g or 1000 to 1500 m2 / g.

[0407] Accordingly, the invention also provides the use of activated carbon and / or a zeolite for:

[0408] (i) removing BPA or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;

[0409] (ii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;

[0410] (iii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0411] (iv) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0412] (v) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during washing, wherein the surface is not skin.

[0413] In one embodiment, the activated carbon comprises coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon, optionally wherein the coconut shell activated carbon and / or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon has a surface area of from 1000 to 2500 m2 / g or 1000 to 1500 m2 / g.

[0414] In one embodiment, the zeolite comprises any of the zeolites described herein.

[0415] In one embodiment, the zeolite comprises: a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0416] According to all the use embodiments, the amount of zeolite included within the detergent formulation that is added to the substrate / washing liquid during the washing step is typically at least 0.1 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 2 g, 4 g, 5 g or greater than 5 g per wash, for example 5 g, 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 30 g, 40 g, or 50 g. In certain embodiments, the amount is greater than 5 g per wash. In certain embodiments, forwash volumes of from 10 litres and 100 litres, the amount of zeolite included within the detergent formulation that is added to the wash is of from 5 g to 50 g. In a further embodiment applicable to all aspects and embodiments disclosed herein, for a wash volume of between 45 and 55 litres, the amount of zeolite included within the detergent formulation that is added to the wash is 5 g, 10 g or 20 g.

[0417] The skilled person will be aware of the difference between commercial and domestic dishwashing appliances. Commercial dishwashers are typically much larger than domestic appliances and are used in a variety of settings where large quantities of dishes and utensils need to be cleaned efficiently. For example, commercial dishwashers may be used in hospitals, healthcare facilities, restaurants, cafes, schools, universities and hotels. In contrast, domestic appliances are used in residential settings.

[0418] Methods of the invention

[0419] The invention also provides a method for removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing, wherein the substrate is washed with any one of the detergent formulations described herein.

[0420] The method comprises the steps of contacting the substrate with the detergent formulation during washing and optionally rinsing the substrate. For example, the washing step involves contacting the substrate with the detergent formulation and water, before rinsing the substrate. Thus, the method is a simple washing method to the extent that the detergent formulation is added to or mixed with the substrate, optionally in a washing liquid (e.g., water), and the substrate is washed by detergent formulation alone or by the detergent formulation and the washing liquid.

[0421] In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:

[0422] (i) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in a washing liquid;

[0423] (ii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0424] (iii) optionally rinsing the substrate.

[0425] In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:

[0426] (i) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in a washing liquid;

[0427] (ii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0428] (iii) optionally rinsing the substrate, wherein the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon or a zeolite in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, wherein a pH regulator is present within the formulation in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the washing liquid during washing and wherein the washing step is performed at a temperature of from 25°C to 50°C, for a time of 15 minutes to two hours, in a wash volume of between 10 and 55L.

[0429] In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:

[0430] (i) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in a washing liquid;

[0431] (ii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0432] (iii) optionally rinsing the substrate, wherein the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon or a zeolite in an amount of at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, wherein a pH regulator is present within the formulation in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the washing liquid during washing and wherein the washing step is performed at a temperature of from 25°C to 50°C, for a time of 15 minutes to two hours, in a wash volume of between 10 and 55L.

[0433] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of at least 20 or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation; or the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0434] The invention also provides a method for removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during the washing of a substrate in the washing liquid, wherein the substrate is washed with any one of the detergent formulations described herein.

[0435] The method comprises the steps of:

[0436] (i) contacting the detergent formulation, the washing liquid and the substrate;

[0437] (ii) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid;

[0438] (iii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0439] (iv) optionally rinsing the substrate.

[0440] This method is also a simple method to the extent that the detergent formulation, the washing liquid and the substrate are mixed and the substrate is washed with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid. In performing this washing step, any toxic chemical stain / soil present on the substrate may be directly removed by the action of the adsorbent (e.g., zeolite) within the detergent upon the stain / soil. Alternatively, or indeed concomitantly, any toxic chemical stain / soil may be removed from the substrate during the washing process by the washing liquid. In effect, the toxic chemicals leach from the substrate into the washing liquid during the washing step. However, any leached chemicals are adsorbed from the washing liquid by the adsorbent (e.g., zeolite present in the detergent formulation).

[0441] Thus, in step (iii) of the process, wherein the substrate is separated from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation, the toxic chemicals will have been removed from the substrate, either directly or indirectly in the washing liquid. The optional performance of step (iv) may aid the removal of residual formulation from the washed substrate.

[0442] In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:

[0443] (i) contacting the detergent formulation, the washing liquid and the substrate;

[0444] (ii) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid;

[0445] (iii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0446] (iv) optionally rinsing the substrate, wherein the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon or a zeolite in an amount of 40 to 80 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, wherein a pH regulator is present within the formulation in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the washing liquid during washing and wherein the washing step is performed at a temperature of from 25°C to 50°C, for a time of 15 minutes to two hours, in a wash volume of between 10 and 55L.

[0447] In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:

[0448] (i) contacting the detergent formulation, the washing liquid and the substrate;

[0449] (ii) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid;

[0450] (iii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0451] (iv) optionally rinsing the substrate, wherein the detergent formulation comprises activated carbon or a zeolite in an amount of at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, wherein a pH regulator is present within the formulation in an amount such that the formulation imparts a pH of 3 to 8 to the washing liquid during washing and wherein the washing step is performed at a temperature of from 25°C to 50°C, for a time of 15 minutes to two hours, in a wash volume of between 10 and 55L.

[0452] In one embodiment, the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of at least 20 or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation; or the detergent formulation comprises a zeolite in an amount of 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0453] In particular, the methods are suitable for removing toxic chemicals which comprise one or more of: bisphenol A (BPA), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAs), organophosphates, organophosphonates, tributyl phosphate, disperse dyes, anthraquinone or azo dyes, toluene, hexavalent chromium, dimethyl fumarate, phthalates, heavy metals, lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, thallium, arsenic, cobalt, triclosan and antimony. In certain embodiments, the methods are suitable for removing BPA or PFAs.

[0454] The washing step typically involves contacting the substrate with the detergent formulation and water, separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation and rinsing the substrate upon completion of the wash. The washing step may be performed in any suitable vessel or directly upon any suitable surface.

[0455] In one embodiment the washing step is performed in a domestic or commercial washing or dishwashing machine appliance.

[0456] In one embodiment, the method may be performed in a domestic or commercial washing machine appliance. The skilled person will be aware of such appliances. In one embodiment, the temperature during the washing step is from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

[0457] In one embodiment, the washing step is performed at a temperature of from 25°C to 60°C.

[0458] In one embodiment, the washing step is performed at a temperature of from 25°C to 50°C.

[0459] In one embodiment, the washing step is performed at a temperature of from 25°C to 40°C.

[0460] In one embodiment, the washing step is performed at a temperature of from 25°C to 35°C.

[0461] In one embodiment, the washing step is performed at a temperature of from 28°C to 32°C.

[0462] In one embodiment, the washing step is performed at a temperature of from 29°C to 31 °C.

[0463] The temperature of the washing step is the temperature of the water in which the substrate and detergent formulation are contacted.

[0464] In one embodiment the time of the wash cycle is from 15 minutes to 4 hours, 15 minutes to 2 hours, 30 minutes to 2 hours or 30 minutes to 1 hour.

[0465] In one embodiment the wash volume is from 10L to 55L for example from 10L to 20 L, 12L to 15L, 45L to 55 L or 48L to 52L. In one embodiment the washing step is performed with a volume of 10L to 55L.

[0466] In some embodiments, the washing step is performed at a pH of between 1 and 10, for example, between 3 and 8 or between 4 and 6.

[0467] The substrate washed according to the methods may be any substrate described herein. Furthermore, the general description and information provided in connection with the performance of the method embodiments essentially apply equally to the use embodiments.

[0468] According to all the method embodiments, the amount of zeolite included within the detergent formulation that is added to the substrate / washing liquid during the washing step is typically at least 0.1 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 2 g, 4 g, 5 g or greater than 5 g per wash, for example 5 g, 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 30 g, 40 g, or 50 g. In certain embodiments, the amount is greater than 5 g per wash. In certain embodiments, forwash volumes of from 10 litres and 100 litres, the amount of zeolite included within the detergent formulation that is added to the wash is from 5 g to 50 g. In a further embodiment applicable to all aspects and embodiments disclosed herein, for a wash volume of between 45 and 55 litres, the amount of zeolite included within the detergent formulation that is added to the wash is 5 g, 10 g or 20 g.

[0469] Further embodiments of the invention include:

[0470] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0471] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0472] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 50 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0473] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0474] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0475] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises at least 20 weight percent or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0476] A powdered detergent formulation comprising one or more builders, bulking agents, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0477] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0478] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 50 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0479] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, one or more builders, bulking agent surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of: (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0480] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises at least 20 weight percent or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0481] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, a builder, a bulking agent, a surfactant, an optical brightener and a pH regulator, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0482] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0483] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 50 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0484] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, a builder, a bulking agent, a surfactant, an optical brightener and a pH regulator, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0485] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0486] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises at least 20 weight percent or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation and the bulking agent comprises at least 30 weight percent or at least 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0487] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, a builder, a bulking agent, a surfactant, an optical brightener and a pH regulator, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0488] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0489] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises an amount of 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation and the bulking agent comprises 40 to 50 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0490] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite comprises CBV- 901 and wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0491] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 50 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0492] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite comprises CBV- 901 and wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0493] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0494] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises at least 20 weight percent or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0495] A powdered detergent formulation comprising one or more builders, bulking agents, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and a zeolite, wherein the zeolite comprises CBV-901 and wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0496] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0497] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 50 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0498] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, one or more builders, bulking agent surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances, and a zeolite, wherein the zeolite comprises CBV-901 and wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0499] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0500] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises at least 20 weight percent or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation. A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite comprises CBV- 901 and a builder, a bulking agent, a surfactant, an optical brightener and a pH regulator, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0501] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0502] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises an amount of 20 to 60 weight percent of the total detergent formulation, for example 25 to 55 weight percent or 30 to 50 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0503] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite comprises CBV- 901 and a builder, a bulking agent, a surfactant, an optical brightener and a pH regulator, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0504] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0505] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein, the zeolite comprises at least 20 weight percent or at least 30 weight percent of the total detergent formulation and the bulking agent comprises at least 30 weight percent or at least 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0506] A powdered detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite comprises CBV- 901 and a builder, a bulking agent, a surfactant, an optical brightener and a pH regulator, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0507] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0508] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises an amount of 30 to 40 weight percent of the total detergent formulation and the bulking agent comprises 40 to 50 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0509] Still further embodiments of the invention include:

[0510] 1 . A detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:

[0511] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0512] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the zeolite comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0513] 2. The detergent formulation of embodiment 1 , wherein the zeolite is capable of removing toxic chemicals from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the toxic chemicals have leached from the substrate or have leached from a component of the washing vessel into the washing liquid during washing of the substrate or wherein the toxic chemicals are present in the washing liquid prior to the addition of the substrate to the liquid.

[0514] 3. The detergent formulation according to embodiment 1 or 2, further comprising one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, bulking agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water- miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances. 4. The detergent formulation according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the detergent formulation does not include one or more optical brighteners or fragrances.

[0515] 5. The detergent formulation according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the detergent formulation does not include one or more of caustic soda, linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid, linear alkyl sulphates or enzymes.

[0516] 6. The detergent formulation according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the detergent formulation does not include one or more protease, sodium sulfate, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl starch, TAED (tetraacetylethylenediamine), sodium carbonate, citric acid, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium carbonate peroxide, sodium citrate, hydrated silica I sodium silicate, anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant.

[0517] 7. The detergent formulation according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the detergent formulation further comprises a natural surfactant, for example a saponin, lecithin, soap, fatty acids, chitosan, alkyl polyglycoside, mucilage, gum or cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0518] 8. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0519] 9. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the toxic chemicals comprise one or more of: bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (PBS), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAs), organophosphates, organophosphonates, tributyl phosphate, disperse dyes, anthraquinone or azo dyes, toluene, hexavalent chromium, dimethyl fumarate, phthalates, heavy metals, lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, thallium, arsenic, cobalt, triclosan and antimony.

[0520] 10. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; 65:1 to 95:1 ; 70:1 to 90:1 ; 75:1 to 85:1 or 77.5:1 to 82.5:1.

[0521] 11. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the zeolite comprises at least one pore having a size of 0.65 nm to 0.75 nm. 12. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 7, wherein the zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0522] 13. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the zeolite is capable of (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0523] 14. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein the zeolite is capable of removing a toxic chemical from a substrate which comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay; and / or wherein the at least one zeolite is capable of removing a toxic chemical from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate which comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay in the liquid.

[0524] 15. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the zeolite is capable of removing a toxic chemical from a substrate which comprises: ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts; and / or wherein the at least one zeolite is capable of removing a toxic chemical from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate which comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts in the liquid.

[0525] 16. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 11 , wherein the substrate comprises cotton, wool, synthetic material, polyester, polypropylene, or a combination thereof.

[0526] 17. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 12, wherein the substrate is fibrous, woven or spun.

[0527] 18. Use of the detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 13 for:

[0528] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0529] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid; optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0530] 19. Use of the detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 14 for: (i) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;

[0531] (ii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;

[0532] (iii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0533] (iv) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts; or

[0534] (v) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during washing, wherein the surface is not skin.

[0535] 20. Use of a zeolite for:

[0536] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0537] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid; optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs, wherein the zeolite comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0538] 21. Use of a zeolite for:

[0539] (i) removing BPA or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;

[0540] (ii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;

[0541] (iii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0542] (iv) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0543] (v) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during cleaning, wherein the surface is not skin wherein the zeolite comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 170:1 to 190:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 750:1 to 1250:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 500 to 800 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 525 to 700 m2 / g; or a zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 900:1 to 1100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 650 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 60:1 to 100:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 750 m2 / g; or a H-SDUSY zeolite having a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

[0544] 22. A method of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing, wherein the substrate is washed with the detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 13, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0545] 23. A method of removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during the washing of a substrate in the washing liquid, wherein the substrate is washed with the detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 13, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0546] 24. A method of removing toxic chemicals from a surface during washing of the surface, wherein the surface is washed with the detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 13, wherein the surface is not skin and optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0547] 25. The method of embodiments 18 or 19, wherein the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard, paper or combinations thereof; and / or the substrate comprises dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, a food tray, a cutting board, a kitchen utensil, a food container, or kitchen equipment parts. 26. The method according to any one of embodiments 18, 19 or 21 , comprising the step of contacting the substrate with the detergent formulation during washing, and optionally rinsing the substrate.

[0548] 27. The method according to embodiment 18, comprising the steps of:

[0549] (i) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in a washing liquid;

[0550] (ii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0551] (iii) optionally rinsing the substrate.

[0552] 28. The method according to embodiment 19, comprising the steps of:

[0553] (i) contacting the detergent formulation, the washing liquid and the substrate;

[0554] (ii) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid;

[0555] (iii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0556] (iv) optionally rinsing the substrate.

[0557] 29. The method according to any one of embodiments 18, 19 or 21 to 24, wherein the temperature during washing is from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

[0558] 30. The method according to any one of embodiments 18, 19 or 21 to 24 wherein the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles or clothing, optionally wherein the washing is performed in a commercial or domestic washing machine at a temperature of from 20°C to 60°C, 25°C to 50°C or 30°C to 40°C.

[0559] 31. The method according to any one of embodiments 18, 19 or 21 to 26 wherein the substrate comprises dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, a food tray, a cutting board, a kitchen utensil, a food container, or kitchen equipment parts and wherein the washing is performed in a commercial or domestic dishwasher at a temperature of from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

[0560] Yet further embodiments of the invention include: . A detergent formulation comprising one or more adsorbents, wherein at least one adsorbent is capable of:

[0561] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0562] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid. 2. The detergent formulation of embodiment 1 , wherein the at least one adsorbent is capable of removing toxic chemicals from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the toxic chemicals have leached from the substrate or have leached from a component of the washing vessel into the washing liquid during washing of the substrate or wherein the toxic chemicals are present in the washing liquid prior to the addition of the substrate to the liquid.

[0563] 3. The detergent formulation according to embodiment 1 or 2, further comprising one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances.

[0564] 4. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the adsorbent comprises at least 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

[0565] 5. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the toxic chemicals comprise one or more of: bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (PBS), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAs), organophosphates, organophosphonates, tributyl phosphate, disperse dyes, anthraquinone or azo dyes, toluene, hexavalent chromium, dimethyl fumarate, phthalates, heavy metals, lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, thallium, arsenic, cobalt, triclosan and antimony.

[0566] 6. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the adsorbent comprises activated carbon and / or a zeolite.

[0567] 7. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the adsorbent comprises coconut shell activated carbon or impregnated coconut shell activated carbon.

[0568] 8. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 7, wherein the adsorbent is activated carbon and / or a zeolite, and wherein the activated carbon and / or zeolite is capable of (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

[0569] 9. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the detergent formulation does not comprise an enzyme. 10. The detergent formulation according to any preceding embodiment, wherein the at least one adsorbent is capable of removing a toxic chemical from a substrate which comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay; and / or wherein the at least one adsorbent is capable of removing a toxic chemical from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate which comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay in the liquid.

[0570] 11. The detergent formulation according to any preceding embodiment, wherein the at least one adsorbent is capable of removing a toxic chemical from a substrate which comprises: ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts; and / or wherein the at least one adsorbent is capable of removing a toxic chemical from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate which comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts in the liquid.

[0571] 12. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the substrate comprises cotton, wool, synthetic material, polyester, polypropylene, or a combination thereof.

[0572] 13. The detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 10 or 12, wherein the substrate is fibrous, woven or spun.

[0573] 14. Use of the detergent formulation according to any preceding embodiment for:

[0574] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0575] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid; optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0576] 15. Use of the detergent formulation according to any embodiment claim for:

[0577] (i) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;

[0578] (ii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;

[0579] (iii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0580] (iv) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts; or

[0581] (v) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during washing, wherein the surface is not skin.

[0582] 16. Use of activated carbon and / or a zeolite for:

[0583] (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or

[0584] (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid; optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0585] 17. Use of activated carbon and / or a zeolite for:

[0586] (i) removing BPA or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;

[0587] (ii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;

[0588] (iii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0589] (iv) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;

[0590] (v) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during cleaning, wherein the surface is not skin.

[0591] 18. A method of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing, wherein the substrate is washed with the detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 13, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs. 19. A method of removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during the washing of a substrate in the washing liquid, wherein the substrate is washed with the detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 13, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0592] 20. A method of removing toxic chemicals from a surface during washing of the surface, wherein the surface is washed with the detergent formulation according to any of embodiments 1 to 13, wherein the surface is not skin and optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

[0593] 21. The method of embodiment 18 or 19, wherein the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard, paper or combinations thereof; and / or the substrate comprises dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, a food tray, a cutting board, a kitchen utensil, a food container, or kitchen equipment parts.

[0594] 22. The method according to any one of embodiments 18, 19 or 21 , comprising the step of contacting the substrate with the detergent formulation during washing, and optionally rinsing the substrate.

[0595] 23. The method according to embodiment 18, comprising the steps of:

[0596] (i) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in a washing liquid;

[0597] (ii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0598] (iii) optionally rinsing the substrate.

[0599] 24. The method according to embodiment 19, comprising the steps of:

[0600] (i) contacting the detergent formulation, the washing liquid and the substrate;

[0601] (ii) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid;

[0602] (iii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and

[0603] (iv) optionally rinsing the substrate.

[0604] 25. The method according to any one of embodiments 18, 19 or 21 to 24, wherein the temperature during washing is from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

[0605] 26. The method according to any one of embodiments 18, 19 or 21 to 25 wherein the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles or clothing, optionally wherein the washing is performed in a commercial or domestic washing machine at a temperature of from 20°C to 60°C, 25°C to 50°C or 30°C to 40°C.

[0606] 27. The method according to any one of embodiments 18, 19 or 20 to 26 wherein the substrate comprises dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, a food tray, a cutting board, a kitchen utensil, a food container, or kitchen equipment parts and wherein the washing is performed in a commercial or domestic dishwasher at a temperature of from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

[0607] The invention is now described further with reference to the following illustrative examples.

[0608] EXAMPLES Example 1 - Exemplary formulations

[0609] An example of a detergent formulation according to the invention is as follows (Formulation 1):

[0610] An example of a further formulation to the invention is as follows (Formulation 2):

[0611] An example of a further formulation according to the invention is as follows (Formulation 3):

[0612] An example of a further formulation according to the invention is as follows (Formulation 4):

[0613] An example of a further formulation according to the invention is as follows (Formulation 5):

[0614] An example of a further formulation according to the invention is as follows (Formulation 6):

[0615] It will be appreciated that the above compositions are examples, and that the invention is not limited to only such compositions.

[0616] Example 2 - Evaluation of detergent efficiency - zeolites

[0617] Composition and preparation of detergent formulations

[0618] An evaluation of the efficiency of detergent formulations to remove toxic chemicals from a substrate / washing liquid during a wash was performed. In particular, the assay was designed to assess the efficiency of detergent formulations to remove bisphenol A (BPA) during a wash, and in particular the ability of zeolites to remove BPA during a wash in the presence of other detergent components. To perform the study, a base detergent composition was prepared by adding commercially available Blueland® detergent tablets (available from https: / / www.blueland.com / products / laundry-starter-set on 27 November 2024) to purified water. The tablets contain the following ingredients.

[0619] Wash study

[0620] This study was performed to assess the efficiency of various zeolite / detergent mixes to remove bisphenol A (BPA) from the wash solution during a wash. The zeolites were present in the wash solution at concentrations of between 0.4 mg / mL and 0.04 mg / mL.

[0621] The following test washes were prepared:

[0622] (i) detergent + 0.4 mg / mL ZeoY + BPA;

[0623] (ii) detergent + 0.4 mg / mL CBV-901 + BPA;

[0624] (iii) detergent + 0.2 mg / mL CBV-901 +BPA;

[0625] (iv) detergent + 0.1 mg / mL CBV-901 + BPA

[0626] (v) detergent + 0.05 mg / mL CBV-901 + BPA Alongside these test washes, control washes were prepared:

[0627] (i) detergent + ZeoY (no BPA); and

[0628] (ii) detergent + CBV-901 (no BPA)

[0629] ZeoY is shorthand for “Zeolite Y”, a zeolite with the CAS number 1318-02-1 that is available from Sigma Aldrich and Zeolyst International.

[0630] To perform the study, 1 ng / mL of BPA was added to each of the test washes. The test and control washes were incubated for one hour at a temperature of 30°C whilst spinning at 200 rpm. After which a 50 mL sample from each of the washes was aliquoted and centrifuged for 30 minutes (4325 rpm). A 40 mL sample from each of the samples was then aliquoted from the centrifuged samples (without disturbing the pellet). The samples were then spiked with a du-BPA (deuterated BPA) standard and submitted for BPA content analysis. A detailed overview of the protocol is set out in Figure 1.

[0631] The results are set out in Figure 2. They demonstrate that CBV-901 is particularly effective at removing BPA from a wash solution. The data also show that CBV-901 is surprisingly effective at removing BPA from a wash solution in the presence of detergent components. In particular, Figure 2 demonstrates that CBV-901 removes over 75% of BPA from a wash solution in the presence of detergent. Figure 2 also shows that whilst CBV-901 can remove BPA from a wash solution, zeolite Y is not capable of removing BPA from a wash solution.

[0632] Notably, in the test wash solution including (detergent + 0.4 mg / mL ZeoY + BPA) 158 ng / mL BPA was retained in the wash, whereas in the test wash including (detergent + 0.4 mg / mL CBV-901 + BPA) only 5 ng / mL of BPA was retained in the test wash.

[0633] Based on these results, it is expected that zeolites with similar properties to CBV-901 are also suitable for removing BPA from washing liquids / solutions both in the presence and absence of other detergent components.

[0634] Example 3 - Evaluation of detergent efficiency - zeolites

[0635] Composition and preparation of detergent formulations

[0636] The study was performed as described in Example 2.

[0637] An evaluation of the efficiency of detergent formulations to remove toxic chemicals from a substrate / washing liquid during a wash was performed. In particular, the assay was designed to assess the efficiency of detergent formulations to remove bisphenol A (BPA) during a wash, and in particular the ability of zeolites to remove BPA during a wash in the presence of other detergent components. To perform the study, a base detergent composition was prepared by adding commercially available STPP group detergent base powder (available from https: / / stppgroup.com / products / detergent-powder / detergent-base-powder / on 19 May 2025) to purified water. The base powder contains the following ingredients.

[0638] Wash study

[0639] The study was performed as described in Example 2.

[0640] This study was performed to assess the efficiency of various zeolite / detergent mixes to remove bisphenol A (BPA) from the wash solution during a wash. The detergent base powder was present in the wash solution at a concentration of between 0.5 mg / mL.

[0641] The following test washes were prepared:

[0642] (ii) detergent + 0.3 mg / mL ZeoY + BPA;

[0643] (iii) detergent + 0.6 mg / mL ZeoY +BPA;

[0644] (iv) detergent + 1 .2 mg / mL ZeoY + BPA

[0645] (ii) detergent + 0.3 mg / mL NaCI + BPA;

[0646] (iii) detergent + 0.6 mg / mL NaCI +BPA;

[0647] (iv) detergent + 1 .2 mg / mL NaCI + BPA

[0648] (ii) detergent + 0.3 mg / mL CBV-901 + BPA;

[0649] (iii) detergent + 0.6 mg / mL CBV-901 +BPA;

[0650] (iv) detergent + 1.2 mg / mL CBV-901 + BPA

[0651] The results are set out in Figure 3. The detergent formulation containing CBV901 is capable of removing ~50% of the BPA in solution, whereas identical control solutions of ZeoY and NaCI are capable of less than ~10% removal.

[0652] Figure 3 also illustrates that irrespective of concentration of zeolite tested (between 0.3 and 1.2 mg / mL) there is no significant change in the amount of BPA removed from the wash solutions. Example 4 - Evaluation of detergent efficiency - activated carbon

[0653] Composition and preparation of detergent formulations

[0654] An evaluation of the efficiency of detergent formulations to remove toxic chemicals from a substrate / washing liquid during a wash was performed. In particular, the assay was designed to assess the efficiency of detergent formulations to remove bisphenol A (BPA) during a wash, and in particular the ability of adsorbents to remove BPA during a wash in the presence of other detergent components. To perform the study, a base detergent composition was prepared by adding commercially available Blueland® detergent tablets (available from https: / / www.blueland.com / products / laundry-starter-set on 17 May 2024) to purified water, specifically a 6.25 g detergent tablet was added to 13 L of water to provide a base detergent solution with a concentration of 0.48 g / L with respect to the detergent composition as a whole. The tablets contain the following ingredients.

[0655] Alongside the base detergent composition, a control composition of purified water only was prepared.

[0656] Low BPA concentration study

[0657] This study was performed to assess the efficiency of detergent formulations to remove bisphenol A (BPA) during a wash, wherein the BPA was present in the wash at a concentration of 100 ng / mL.

[0658] The following test washes were prepared:

[0659] (i) detergent (0.48 g / L), activated carbon (4 mg / mL); (ii) detergent (0.48 g / L), laccase (0 pg / mL);

[0660] (iii) detergent (0.48 g / L), laccase (10 pg / mL); and

[0661] (iv) detergent (0.48 g / L), laccase (100 pg / mL)

[0662] Alongside these test washes, control washes were prepared:

[0663] (i) purified water, activated carbon (4 mg / mL);

[0664] (ii) purified water, laccase (0 pg / mL);

[0665] (iii) purified water, laccase (10 pg / mL); and

[0666] (iv) purified water, laccase (100 pg / mL)

[0667] To perform the study, 100 ng / mL of BPA was added to each of the test and control washes. The total volume of each of the washes was 250 mL, with 225 mL corresponding to the base detergent composition or purified water, and the remainder corresponding to the activated carbon or laccase and BPA.

[0668] The test and control washes were incubated for an hour at a temperature of 30°C, spinning at 200 rpm. A sample from the washes was aliquoted and quenched using a 200 mM sodium azide solution at 0 hours and at 1 hour, and the amount of BPA was measured using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS).

[0669] The results are set out in Figures 4 and 5, which demonstrate that activated carbon is much more effective at removing BPA from a washing liquid than laccase. The data also show that the activated carbon is surprisingly effective at removing BPA from a washing liquid in the presence of detergent components. In particular, Figures 4 and 5 demonstrate that activated carbon removes 60% of BPA from the washing liquid in the absence of detergent, and 40% of BPA from the washing liquid in the presence of detergent.

[0670] High BPA concentration study

[0671] The above study was repeated using 3600 ng / mL of BPA. The results are set out in Figure 6, and mirror the results of the low BPA concentration study, namely that activated carbon removes 60% of BPA from the washing liquid in the absence of detergent, and 40% of BPA from the washing liquid in the presence of detergent.

Claims

Claims1. A detergent formulation comprising one or more adsorbents, wherein at least one adsorbent is capable of:(i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or(ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

2. A detergent formulation comprising a zeolite, wherein the zeolite is capable of:(i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or(ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

3. The detergent formulation of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the at least one adsorbent or zeolite is capable of removing toxic chemicals from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the toxic chemicals have leached from the substrate or have leached from a component of the washing vessel into the washing liquid during washing of the substrate or wherein the toxic chemicals are present in the washing liquid prior to the addition of the substrate to the liquid.

4. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising one or more builders, surfactants, bleaching agents, disintegrants, bleach activators, water-miscible organic solvents, sequester agents, pH regulators, water softeners, electrolytes, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, foam regulators, dyes and / or fragrances.

5. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least one adsorbent or zeolite comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

6. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the toxic chemicals comprise one or more of: bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (PBS), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAs), organophosphates, organophosphonates, tributyl phosphate, disperse dyes, anthraquinone or azo dyes, toluene, hexavalent chromium, dimethyl fumarate, phthalates, heavy metals, lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, thallium, arsenic, cobalt, triclosan and antimony.

7. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 6, wherein the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3< 60:1 < 65:1 , < 70:1 , < 75:1 , < 80:1 , < 85:1 , < 90:1 , < 95:1 , < 100:1 ,< 125:1 , < 150:1 , < 175:1 or < 200:1.

8. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 7, wherein the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O3of from 60: 1 to 100: 1 ; 65: 1 to 95: 1 ; 70: 1 to 90: 1 ; 75: 1 to 85: 1 or 77.5: 1 to 82.5:1.

9. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 8, wherein the zeolite comprises at least one pore having a size < 0.5 nm, < 0.6 nm, < 0.7 nm, < 0.8 nm, < 0.9 nm or< 1 nm.

10. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 9, wherein the zeolite comprises at least one pore having a size of from 0.4 nm to 1 nm; 0.5 to 0.9 nm; 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; or 0.65 nm to 0.75 nm.

11. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 10, wherein the zeolite has a surface area of from 200 to 950 m2 / g, 300 to 900 m2 / g, 350 to 850 m2 / g or 400 to 800 m2 / g.

12. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 11 , wherein the zeolite has a surface area of from 500 to 950 m2 / g, 550 to 900 m2 / g, 600 to 850 m2 / g or 650 to 800 m2 / g.

13. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 12, wherein the zeolite has a surface area of from 600 to 950 m2 / g, 625 to 925 m2 / g, 650 to 900 m2 / g or 675 to 875 m2 / g.

14. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 13, wherein the one or more zeolites has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 70:1 to 90:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 550 to 850 m2 / g.

15. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 14, wherein the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; and a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g.

16. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 15, wherein the zeolite has a mole ratio of SiO2:AI2O of from 75:1 to 85:1 ; at least one pore having a size of from 0.6 nm to 0.8 nm; a surface area of from 600 to 800 m2 / g and comprises at least 1 , 5, 10, 15, 20, 25,30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 weight percent of the total detergent formulation.

17. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 16, wherein the zeolite is capable of (i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or (ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid.

18. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 17, wherein the detergent formulation does not comprise an enzyme.

19. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 18, wherein the zeolite is capable of removing a toxic chemical from a substrate which comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay; and / or wherein the at least one zeolite is capable of removing a toxic chemical from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate which comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet or carpet underlay in the liquid.

20. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 2 to 19, wherein the zeolite is capable of removing a toxic chemical from a substrate which comprises: ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts; and / or wherein the at least one zeolite is capable of removing a toxic chemical from the washing liquid during washing of a substrate which comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts in the liquid.

21. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 1 to 19, wherein the substrate comprises cotton, wool, synthetic material, polyester, polypropylene, or a combination thereof.

22. The detergent formulation according to any of claims 1 to 19 or 21 , wherein the substrate is fibrous, woven or spun.

23. Use of the detergent formulation according to any preceding claim for:(i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or(ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid; optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

24. Use of the detergent formulation according to any preceding claim for:(i) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;(ii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;(iii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;(iv) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts; or(v) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during washing, wherein the surface is not skin.

25. Use of activated carbon and / or a zeolite for:(i) removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing of the substrate; and / or(ii) removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid; optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

26. Use of activated carbon and / or a zeolite for:(i) removing BPA or PFAs from a substrate during laundry, wherein the substrate comprises fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet; or carpet underlay;(ii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during washing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, carpet, or carpet underlay;(iii) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a substrate during dishwashing, wherein the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;(iv) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a washing liquid during dishwashing of a substrate in the liquid, wherein the washing liquid comprises water and the substrate comprises ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard or paper; and / or dishware, glassware,flatware, cutlery, cookware, food trays, cutting boards, kitchen utensils, food containers or kitchen equipment parts;(v) removing BPA and / or PFAs from a surface during cleaning, wherein the surface is not skin.

27. A method of removing toxic chemicals from a substrate during washing, wherein the substrate is washed with the detergent formulation according to any of claims 1 to 22, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

28. A method of removing toxic chemicals from a washing liquid during the washing of a substrate in the washing liquid, wherein the substrate is washed with the detergent formulation according to any of claims 1 to 22, optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

29. A method of removing toxic chemicals from a surface during washing of the surface, wherein the surface is washed with the detergent formulation according to any of claims 1 to 22, wherein the surface is not skin and optionally wherein the toxic chemicals comprise BPA or PFAs.

30. The method of claim 27 or 28, wherein the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles, clothing, ceramic, plastic, metal, wood, cardboard, paper or combinations thereof; and / or the substrate comprises dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, a food tray, a cutting board, a kitchen utensil, a food container, or kitchen equipment parts.

31. The method according to any one of claims 27, 28 or 30, comprising the step of contacting the substrate with the detergent formulation during washing, and optionally rinsing the substrate.

32. The method according to claim 27, comprising the steps of:(i) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in a washing liquid;(ii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and(iii) optionally rinsing the substrate.

33. The method according to claim 28, comprising the steps of:(i) contacting the detergent formulation, the washing liquid and the substrate;(ii) washing the substrate with the detergent formulation in the washing liquid;(iii) separating the substrate from the washing liquid and the detergent formulation; and(iv) optionally rinsing the substrate.

34. The method according to any one of claims 27, 28 or 30 to 33, wherein the temperature during washing is from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

35. The method according to any one of claims 27, 28 or 30 to 33 wherein the substrate comprises laundry, fabrics, textiles or clothing, optionally wherein the washing is performed in a commercial or domestic washing machine at a temperature of from 20°C to 60°C, 25°C to 50°C or 30°C to 40°C.

36. The method according to any one of claims 27, 28 or 30 to 35 wherein the substrate comprises dishware, glassware, flatware, cutlery, cookware, a food tray, a cutting board, a kitchen utensil, a food container, or kitchen equipment parts and wherein the washing is performed in a commercial or domestic dishwasher at a temperature of from 20°C to 100°C, for example 30°C to 90°C, 40°C to 80°C, 45°C to 75°C, 50°C to 60°C or 25°C to 60°C.

Images