Comprehensive effectiveness assessment method and apparatus for synergistic emission reduction of atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide

Abstract

A comprehensive effectiveness assessment method and apparatus for synergistic emission reduction of atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide. The method comprises: on the basis of an inventory of atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide, acquiring the emission reduction of atmospheric pollutants and the emission reduction of carbon dioxide; on the basis of the emission reductions, calculating benefit indicators and cost indicators for both the emission reduction of atmospheric pollutants and the emission reduction of carbon dioxide; on the basis of the benefit indicators and the cost indicators, calculating a comprehensive benefit index and a synergy index for the emission reduction of atmospheric pollutants and the emission reduction of carbon dioxide; and, on the basis of the comprehensive benefit index and the synergy index, constructing a comprehensive effectiveness assessment indicator system for synergistic emission reduction of atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide. By calculating the comprehensive benefit index and the synergy index, the present application constructs an indicator system from three aspects of emission, environmental quality and system benefit, thereby achieving direct, comprehensive and systematical quantification for comprehensive effectiveness of synergistic emission reduction.

Description

Evaluation Method and Device for the Comprehensive Effectiveness of Coordinated Emission Reduction of Air Pollutants and Carbon Dioxide Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of atmospheric environmental science, and in particular to a method and apparatus for evaluating the comprehensive effectiveness of synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide. Background Technology

[0002] In past emission reduction assessments, relatively mature evaluation methods for the effectiveness of air pollutant or carbon dioxide emission reduction have been developed. In recent years, evaluation methods for the carbon emission reduction benefits incidental to air pollution control or the air quality improvement benefits incidental to greenhouse gas emission reduction have also been gradually applied. However, existing methods generally treat the effectiveness of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon emission reduction separately, failing to directly quantify the comprehensive synergistic effect of air pollutant and carbon emission reduction efforts on the socio-economic and environmental systems. Furthermore, the evaluation standards of existing methods have different emphases on emissions, air quality, and health benefits, and the inconsistent and incomparable emission reduction effects of policy measures make it difficult to directly refer to and apply existing results. The differentiated performance of different regions and measures in terms of pollution reduction and carbon reduction also hinders the selection of measures and policy optimization. In summary, existing evaluation methods for the effectiveness of air pollutant and carbon emission reduction are insufficient to meet the current evaluation needs for "synergistic effects" in terms of both mechanisms and results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, the first objective of this application is to propose a comprehensive evaluation method for the synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide. By calculating the comprehensive benefit index and the synergy index, an indicator system is constructed from three aspects: emissions, environmental quality, and system benefits, so as to achieve a direct, comprehensive, and systematic quantification of the comprehensive effect of synergistic emission reduction.

[0005] The second objective of this application is to propose a device for evaluating the comprehensive effectiveness of synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide.

[0006] The third objective of this application is to propose an electronic device.

[0007] The fourth objective of this application is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0008] The fifth objective of this application is to provide a computer program product.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application proposes a method for evaluating the comprehensive effectiveness of synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide, the method comprising:

[0010] Based on the air pollutant and carbon dioxide inventories, the emission reductions for air pollutants and carbon dioxide were obtained respectively.

[0011] Based on the reduction of air pollutants and the reduction of carbon dioxide, calculate the benefit indicators and cost indicators of the reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide, respectively.

[0012] Based on the benefit and cost indicators of the reduction of air pollutants and the reduction of carbon dioxide, the comprehensive benefit index and synergy index of the reduction of air pollutants and the reduction of carbon dioxide are calculated. The comprehensive benefit index includes the emission reduction per unit cost, the environmental quality improvement benefit per unit cost, and the comprehensive system benefit per unit cost. The synergy index includes the synergy of environmental quality improvement and the synergy of system benefits.

[0013] Based on the comprehensive benefit index and synergy index of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction, a comprehensive effectiveness evaluation index system for the synergistic reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide is constructed. The comprehensive effectiveness evaluation index system includes at least one emission reduction effectiveness index.

[0014] In some embodiments, obtaining the emission reductions of air pollutants and carbon dioxide based on air pollutant and carbon dioxide inventories, respectively, includes:

[0015] Based on the air pollutant and carbon dioxide inventories, the changes in air pollutant emissions and carbon dioxide emissions caused by the emission reduction efforts of the evaluated entities are obtained. The changes in air pollutant emissions are taken as the air pollutant emission reductions, and the changes in carbon dioxide emissions are taken as the carbon dioxide emission reductions. The expression is: ΔE p =E t0,p -E t,p

[0016] Where, ΔE p This represents the emission reduction of species p in a specific region and time period caused by the emission reduction efforts of the evaluated object. Species p is carbon dioxide or a certain type of air pollutant. E t0,p E represents the emissions of species p at a reference time t0 in a specific region. t,p This indicates that only the emissions of species p in a specific region at time t are considered after the emission reduction work of the evaluated object has been carried out.

[0017] In some embodiments, the benefit indicators of the reduction of air pollutants include the concentration of air quality improvement corresponding to the amount of air pollutant reduction and the health benefits of avoiding premature death in the population;

[0018] The benefit indicators of carbon dioxide emission reduction include the socio-economic benefits corresponding to the amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction.

[0019] The cost indicators for reducing air pollutant emissions and carbon dioxide emissions are the changes in production, living, and consumption costs caused by carrying out air pollutant and carbon dioxide emission reduction work.

[0020] In some embodiments, the air quality improvement concentration corresponding to the reduction in atmospheric pollutants is calculated using the following formula: ΔC q =C t0,q -C t,q

[0021] Where, ΔC q C represents the amount of improvement in the concentration of pollutant q in ambient air caused by the emission reduction efforts of the evaluated entity within a specific area and time period. t0,q C represents the concentration of pollutant q at a reference time t0 in a specific region. t,q This indicates the concentration of pollutant q at time t in a specific region after only considering the emission reduction work carried out by the evaluated object;

[0022] The health benefits of avoiding premature death corresponding to the reduction in the aforementioned air pollutants are calculated using the following formula: AB = ΔP air ×VSL ΔP air =P t0,air -P t,air

[0023] Where AB represents the health benefits attributable to the reduction of air pollutants, ΔP air VSL represents the number of premature deaths avoided due to reductions in air pollutant emissions, and P represents the life value. t0,air P represents the number of premature deaths caused by the concentration of ambient air pollutants at a reference time t0 in a specific area. t,air This indicates that the number of premature deaths is only considered based on the concentration of ambient air pollutants in a specific area at time t after the emission reduction work of the evaluated object has been carried out;

[0024] The cost of reducing air pollutant emissions and carbon dioxide emissions is calculated using the following formula: cost = fee t -fee t0

[0025] Where cost represents the cost indicator for emission reduction, and fee t Fee represents the cost of production and daily life in a specific region at time t after the emission reduction work of the evaluated entity has been carried out. t0 This represents the cost of ensuring production and daily life in a specific region at a reference time t0.

[0026] The socio-economic benefits corresponding to the aforementioned carbon dioxide emission reductions are calculated using the following formula: CB = ΔE co2 ×SCC

[0027] Where CB represents the socio-economic benefits of carbon dioxide emission reduction attribution, SCC represents the carbon social cost, and ΔE co2 This indicates the amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction.

[0028] In some embodiments, the comprehensive benefit index BI of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction is calculated using the following formula: AB j =ΔP air,j ×VSL CB j =ΔE co2,j ×SCC

[0029] Where j represents the j-th evaluation object, BI E BI represents the unit cost emission reduction evaluation value, ΔE represents the emission reduction of air pollutants or carbon dioxide compared to the baseline time, and BI represents the emission reduction of air pollutants or carbon dioxide compared to the baseline time. C ΔC represents the environmental quality improvement benefit per unit cost. air This indicates the improvement in the concentration of ambient air pollutants compared to the baseline time. I This represents the overall benefit evaluation value of the system per unit cost.

[0030] In some embodiments, the synergy index SI of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction is calculated using the following formula:

[0031] Among them, SI C,j SI represents the synergy evaluation value for improving environmental quality, specifically the degree of synergy between the emission reduction efforts of evaluation object j and other evaluation objects in simultaneously improving both atmospheric pollutant concentrations and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. n indicates the standardization process, J represents the number of all evaluation objects, and SI represents the degree of synergy between the emission reduction efforts of evaluation object j and other evaluation objects. I,j This represents the synergy evaluation value of system benefits, that is, the degree of synergy between the emission reduction work of evaluation object j and other evaluation objects in achieving air pollutant emission reduction benefits and carbon dioxide emission reduction benefits.

[0032] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application provides a device for evaluating the comprehensive effectiveness of synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide, comprising:

[0033] The emission reduction acquisition module is used to acquire emission reductions of air pollutants and carbon dioxide based on the air pollutant and carbon dioxide inventories, respectively.

[0034] The benefit and cost indicator calculation module is used to calculate the benefit and cost indicators of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction based on the air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction, respectively.

[0035] The comprehensive benefit index and synergy index calculation module is used to calculate the comprehensive benefit index and synergy index of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction based on the benefit indicators and cost indicators of the air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction. The comprehensive benefit index includes emission reduction per unit cost, environmental quality improvement benefit per unit cost, and comprehensive system benefit per unit cost. The synergy index includes environmental quality improvement synergy and system benefit synergy.

[0036] The evaluation index system construction module is used to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for the coordinated reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide based on the comprehensive benefit index and synergy index of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction. The comprehensive evaluation index system includes at least one emission reduction effectiveness index.

[0037] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0038] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0039] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0040] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0041] To achieve the above objectives, a fifth aspect of this application provides a computer program product including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0042] This application quantifies and comprehensively evaluates the effectiveness of air pollutant and carbon dioxide emission reduction efforts from two aspects: the degree of efficiency enhancement and the degree of synergy, by calculating a comprehensive benefit index and a synergy index. Simultaneously, the established indicator system includes selectable evaluation indices designed from three dimensions: emissions, air quality, and the comprehensive benefits of the socio-economic-environmental system. This allows for a simultaneous understanding of the progress in synergistic efficiency enhancement of pollution and carbon reduction from various perspectives, including performance evaluation, program planning, and public concerns. By helping to comprehensively, systematically, and accurately understand the progress of synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide, this application can provide insights for the formulation and optimization of future emission reduction policies.

[0043] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0045] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating an evaluation method for the comprehensive effectiveness of synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide, according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the comprehensive evaluation index system for the coordinated emission reduction of different measures in the Yangtze River Delta region in 2025, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an evaluation device for the comprehensive effectiveness of synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 4 is a block diagram of an electronic device. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, the various "indicators," "indices," and "changes" in parameters such as emissions / concentrations / number of people described in this application all represent the impact of the emission reduction efforts of the assessed entity in a specific region and time period. The term "emission reduction efforts of the assessed entity" can be determined based on actual assessment needs, such as the implementation of an emission reduction measure, an emission reduction policy, or the emission reduction efforts carried out by an administrative unit (such as a province, city, or district / county). The term "specific region" can be determined based on actual assessment needs, such as nationwide, key regions, provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), prefecture-level cities, or districts / counties. The term "specific time period" can be determined based on actual assessment needs, such as year, quarter, month, or day. The term "baseline time" refers to a reference time before the assessed entity began its emission reduction efforts. A baseline time can be selected corresponding to the time scale of the "specific time period." For example, if the specific time period is several years, then a year before the assessed entity began its emission reduction efforts can be selected as the baseline time.

[0051] The following describes an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, which is a method for evaluating the comprehensive effectiveness of synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide.

[0052] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for evaluating the comprehensive effectiveness of synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 101: Based on the air pollutant and carbon dioxide inventories, obtain the emission reduction amounts for air pollutants and carbon dioxide, respectively.

[0054] The air pollutant inventory must include at least one type of air pollutant, for example, air pollutants such as SO2 and NO. x One PM 2.5 One PM 10 VOCs s One or more of NH3, or others not mentioned in this application.

[0055] For emission reductions, it is necessary to obtain the corresponding reductions in air pollutants and carbon dioxide emissions for the emission reduction work of the evaluated object. In one embodiment of this application, the changes in air pollutants and carbon dioxide emissions caused by the implementation of an emission reduction measure are obtained. The change in air pollutants is taken as the air pollutant emission reduction, and the change in carbon dioxide emissions is taken as the carbon dioxide emission reduction. The calculation formula is: ΔE p =E t0,p -E t,p

[0056] Where, ΔE p This represents the emission reduction of species p in a specific region and time period caused by the emission reduction efforts of the evaluated object. Species p is carbon dioxide or a certain type of air pollutant. E t0,p E represents the emissions of species p at a reference time t0 in a specific region. t,p This indicates that only the emissions of species p in a specific region at time t are considered after the emission reduction work of the evaluated object has been carried out.

[0057] It should be noted that changes in emissions of air pollutants or carbon dioxide are not necessarily negative, meaning that not all contributions to either are emission reductions.

[0058] Step 102: Based on the reduction of air pollutant emissions and the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, calculate the benefit indicators and cost indicators of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction, respectively.

[0059] Among them, the benefit indicators of air pollutant emission reduction include the concentration of air quality improvement and the health benefits of avoiding premature death in the population corresponding to the amount of air pollutant emission reduction; the benefit indicators of carbon dioxide emission reduction include the socio-economic benefits corresponding to the amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction; and the cost indicators of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction are the changes in production, living and consumption costs caused by carrying out air pollutant and carbon dioxide emission reduction work.

[0060] As one possible approach, the air quality improvement concentration corresponding to the reduction in atmospheric pollutant emissions can be calculated using the following formula: ΔC q =C t0,q -C t,q

[0061] Where, ΔC q C represents the amount of improvement in the concentration of pollutant q in ambient air caused by the emission reduction efforts of the evaluated entity within a specific area and time period. t0,q C represents the concentration of pollutant q at a reference time t0 in a specific region. t,q This indicates the concentration of pollutant q at time t in a specific region after only considering the emission reduction work carried out by the evaluated object.

[0062] It should be noted that the concentration for air quality improvement should consider at least one ambient air pollutant, such as PM2.5. 2.5 And O3. The form of pollutant concentration can be selected according to the specific time period, for example, for annual, quarterly, monthly or specific time period assessment needs, PM 2.5 The concentration form can be selected as annual average concentration, quarterly average concentration, monthly average concentration, daily average concentration or 1-hour average concentration; the O3 concentration form can be selected as the 90th percentile of the daily maximum 8-hour average, the daily maximum 8-hour average in the warm season or the 1-hour average.

[0063] In one embodiment of this application, when evaluating the air quality improvement benefits of a measure implemented over many years, PM2.5... 2.5 The annual average concentration decrease was selected, and the decrease of O3 was selected as the 90th percentile of the daily maximum 8-hour average.

[0064] As one possible approach, the health benefits of avoiding premature death corresponding to the reduction in air pollutant emissions can be calculated using the following formula: AB = ΔP air ×VSL ΔP air =P t0,air -P t,air

[0065] Where AB represents the health benefits attributable to the reduction of air pollutants, ΔP airThis indicates the number of premature deaths avoided due to air pollutant emission reductions; VSL represents the vital value, which is related to economic level; P... t0,air P represents the number of premature deaths caused by the concentration of ambient air pollutants at a reference time t0 in a specific area. t,air This indicates that the number of premature deaths is only considered based on the concentration of atmospheric pollutants in a specific area at time t after the emission reduction work of the evaluated object has been carried out.

[0066] In one embodiment of this application, PM is selected. 2.5 The health benefits of avoiding premature death due to the decrease in concentration are calculated, but are not limited to this. In some other embodiments of this application, the health effects of other ambient atmospheric pollutants, such as O3 and NOx, can be selected.

[0067] In one embodiment of this application, VSL is set at 710 (350-1060) million yuan per person, based on the economic level of China in 2019.

[0068] As one possible approach, the cost of reducing air pollutant emissions and carbon dioxide emissions can be calculated using the following formula: cost = fee t -fee t0

[0069] Where cost represents the cost indicator for emission reduction, and fee t Fee represents the cost of production and daily life in a specific region at time t after the emission reduction work of the evaluated entity has been carried out. t0 This represents the cost of ensuring production and daily life in a specific region at a reference time t0.

[0070] In this application, the cost-bearing entity may include enterprises, the public, and the government. Cost types may include one-time purchase costs of equipment or materials, daily operating costs of equipment or daily living costs for residents, and government subsidies.

[0071] In one embodiment of this application, the emission reduction cost of the steel industry carrying out ultra-low emission retrofit is calculated. The baseline time is selected when the industry has not implemented the retrofit. Then, fee... t0 A value of 0 indicates that no ultra-low-temperature equipment is operating; fee t The cost at time t after installing ultra-low emission end-of-line equipment includes the one-time purchase cost of the end-of-line equipment and the material and electrical energy consumption costs to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

[0072] As one possible approach, the socio-economic benefits corresponding to carbon dioxide emission reductions can be calculated using the following formula: CB = ΔE co2 ×SCC

[0073] Where CB represents the socio-economic benefits of carbon dioxide emission reduction attribution, SCC represents the carbon social cost, and ΔE co2 This indicates the amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction.

[0074] In one embodiment of this application, under the economic level of China in 2020, SCC is taken as 1295 (308-2891) yuan / ton CO2.

[0075] Step 103: Based on the benefit and cost indicators of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction, calculate the comprehensive benefit index and synergy index of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction.

[0076] The comprehensive benefit index includes emission reduction per unit cost, environmental quality improvement per unit cost, and comprehensive system benefit per unit cost. The synergy index includes synergy in environmental quality improvement and synergy in system benefits.

[0077] As one possible approach, the comprehensive benefit index BI for air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction is calculated using the following formula: AB j =ΔP air,j ×VSL CB j =ΔE co2,j ×SCC

[0078] Where j represents the j-th evaluation object, BI E BI represents the unit cost emission reduction evaluation value, ΔE represents the emission reduction of air pollutants or carbon dioxide compared to the baseline time, and BI represents the emission reduction of air pollutants or carbon dioxide compared to the baseline time. C ΔC represents the environmental quality improvement benefit per unit cost. air This indicates the improvement in the concentration of ambient air pollutants compared to the baseline time. I This represents the overall benefit evaluation value of the system per unit cost.

[0079] It should be noted that a positive BI value indicates that the emission reduction efforts have yielded positive benefits, while a negative BI value indicates that the emission reduction efforts have had a negative impact.

[0080] As one possible approach, the synergy index SI between air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction is calculated using the following formula:

[0081] Among them, SI C,jThis represents the synergy evaluation value for improving environmental quality, specifically the degree of synergy between the emission reduction efforts of evaluation object j and other evaluation objects in simultaneously improving both atmospheric pollutant concentrations and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. 'n' represents the standardization process, for example, the change in atmospheric pollutant concentration caused by the standardized j-th evaluation object, nΔC. air,j The actual change in environmental pollutant concentration ΔC caused by the evaluated object. air,j SI is the ratio between the maximum improvement concentration among all J evaluation subjects and the maximum improvement concentration. I,j This represents the synergy evaluation value of system benefits, that is, the degree of synergy between the emission reduction work of evaluation object j and other evaluation objects in achieving air pollutant emission reduction benefits and carbon dioxide emission reduction benefits.

[0082] It should be noted that when SI is positive, it means that the emission reduction work has produced both air pollutant emission reduction benefits and carbon dioxide emission reduction benefits, and the larger the SI is, the higher the synergy. When SI is 0, it means that the emission reduction work has only produced emission reduction benefits in one aspect (air pollutant emission reduction benefits or carbon dioxide emission reduction benefits). When SI is negative, it means that the emission reduction work has had a negative impact in at least one aspect (air pollutant emission reduction or carbon dioxide emission reduction), resulting in an increase in emissions instead of a reduction.

[0083] Step 104: Based on the comprehensive benefit index and synergy index of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction, construct a comprehensive effectiveness evaluation index system for the synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide. The comprehensive effectiveness evaluation index system includes at least one emission reduction effectiveness index.

[0084] It is understandable that, based on the various indices calculated in the above steps, a comprehensive evaluation index system for the synergistic reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide emissions has been constructed, which is used to evaluate the progress of synergistic emission reduction efforts in social, economic, and environmental aspects.

[0085] It should also be noted that different entities focus on different aspects of the progress of coordinated emission reduction efforts. For example, administrative regions with clear emission reduction targets focus on the emission reduction achievements of their subordinate administrative units, while those with clear concentration improvement targets focus on the reduction achievements of their subordinate administrative units in terms of environmental pollutant concentration. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the various indicators and indices in steps 102-104 according to actual evaluation needs to form the required evaluation indicator system.

[0086] In one specific embodiment of this application, the comprehensive effectiveness of different measures in the 2025 coordinated emission reduction plans for air pollutants and CO2 in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui (three provinces and one municipality) in the Yangtze River Delta region is evaluated in terms of air quality improvement and carbon emission reduction. This aims to screen out economically effective coordinated emission reduction measures to increase pollution reduction and carbon reduction benefits. Based on the regional evaluation requirements in this embodiment, the process for constructing an evaluation index system is as follows:

[0087] Step 201: Based on the coordinated emission reduction plan for the Yangtze River Delta region in 2025, generate a list of emission reduction measures. Based on the localized air pollutant and carbon dioxide emission inventories of the three provinces and one municipality, select 2019 as the base year, and estimate the impact of different measures in different regions on SO2 and NO2 emissions in 2025 relative to 2019. x PM 2.5 VOCs s The reduction in emissions of NH3 and CO2.

[0088] Step 202: Using tools such as emission-concentration response models, consider the simultaneous presence of PM2.5 in the Yangtze River Delta region. 2.5 Regarding O3 pollution, simulations were conducted to calculate the PM2.5 emissions from different regions and under different measures for reducing air pollutants. 2.5 The study collected data on the annual average concentration and the 90th percentile of the daily maximum 8-hour average concentration of O3, along with local equipment and material costs and related parameters, to estimate the annual average emission reduction cost for different regions and measures implemented in 2025.

[0089] Step 203: Based on the above indicators, considering the synergistic effect of environmental quality improvement that the evaluator focuses on, calculate the comprehensive benefit index and synergy index of different measures in different regions.

[0090] Specifically, the evaluation index system mainly considers and calculates the following five indicators for different regions and different measures, including CO2 emission reduction per unit cost, PM2.5 emission reduction per unit cost, etc. 2.5 Concentration decrease, unit cost O3 concentration decrease, CO2 emission reduction and PM 2.5 Improve synergy, CO2 emission reduction and O3 improvement synergy.

[0091] Step 204: Based on the above indices, construct an evaluation index system for measures in different regions, and propose optimal implementation suggestions for different regions based on the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction measures in different regions.

[0092] As shown in Figure 2, for Shanghai, energy conservation and emission reduction in the steel industry have higher unit cost synergistic pollution reduction and carbon reduction benefits; attention should be paid to the negative O3 effects brought about by measures such as power plant energy conservation and transportation structure adjustment, and it is recommended to consider the combined implementation of other non-synergistic O3 improvement measures, such as VOCs-related emission reduction measures.

[0093] For Jiangsu Province, energy conservation and emission reduction in power plants and the steel industry, as well as the adjustment of the transportation structure, have high unit cost synergistic benefits in pollution and carbon reduction and a high degree of synergy; energy conservation and emission reduction in the cement industry have good synergistic benefits in reducing O3 concentration and CO2 emissions.

[0094] For Zhejiang Province, energy conservation and emission reduction in power plants and the steel industry have higher unit cost synergistic benefits in pollution and carbon reduction; energy conservation and emission reduction in transportation structure adjustment and the cement industry have better synergistic benefits in reducing O3 concentration and CO2 emissions; the promotion of new energy power generation has a high degree of synergy, and it is advisable to appropriately increase the implementation of these measures.

[0095] For Anhui Province, energy conservation and emission reduction in power plants and the steel industry have higher unit cost synergistic benefits in pollution and carbon reduction; energy conservation and emission reduction in the cement industry have better synergistic benefits in reducing O3 concentration and CO2 emissions; and the optimization of transportation structure and the promotion of new energy vehicles have a high degree of synergy, so it is advisable to increase the implementation of these measures.

[0096] It is understood that, through the above description of the implementation methods, those skilled in the art with relevant evaluation needs can clearly understand the data collection and processing work required for each implementation step. Since the specific data collection processes all use relatively conventional methods or can be obtained from various sources, such as emission inventory establishment, emission reduction and cost estimation, environmental concentration model simulation, and premature death estimation attribution to air pollution, these are not the areas of progress or novelty in this application, and therefore are not described in detail here.

[0097] To achieve the above embodiments, as shown in FIG3, an embodiment of this application also proposes a comprehensive evaluation device 10 for the synergistic emission reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide, comprising:

[0098] The emission reduction acquisition module 100 is used to acquire emission reductions of air pollutants and carbon dioxide based on the air pollutant and carbon dioxide inventories, respectively.

[0099] The benefit and cost indicator calculation module 200 is used to calculate the benefit and cost indicators of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction based on the amount of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction, respectively.

[0100] The comprehensive benefit index and synergy index calculation module 300 is used to calculate the comprehensive benefit index and synergy index of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction based on the benefit indicators and cost indicators of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction. The comprehensive benefit index includes emission reduction per unit cost, environmental quality improvement benefit per unit cost, and comprehensive system benefit per unit cost. The synergy index includes environmental quality improvement synergy and system benefit synergy.

[0101] The evaluation index system construction module 400 is used to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for the coordinated reduction of air pollutants and carbon dioxide based on the comprehensive benefit index and synergy index of air pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction. The comprehensive evaluation index system includes at least one emission reduction effectiveness index.

[0102] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0103] Figure 4 illustrates a schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 700 that can be used to implement embodiments of this application. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the application described and / or claimed herein.

[0104] As shown in Figure 4, device 700 includes a computing unit 701, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a computer program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 702 or a computer program loaded into random access memory (RAM) 703 from storage unit 708. RAM 703 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of device 700. The computing unit 701, ROM 702, and RAM 703 are interconnected via bus 704. Input / output (I / O) interface 705 is also connected to bus 704.

[0105] Multiple components in device 700 are connected to I / O interface 705, including: input unit 706, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 707, such as various types of monitors, speakers, etc.; storage unit 708, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 709, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 709 allows device 700 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0106] The computing unit 701 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 701 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 701 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the voice command response method. For example, in some embodiments, the voice command response method may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 708. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on device 700 via ROM 702 and / or communication unit 709. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 703 and executed by the computing unit 701, one or more steps of the voice command response method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 701 may be configured to perform the voice command response method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0107] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0108] The program code used to implement the methods of this application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0109] In the context of this application, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. Machine-readable media can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0110] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0111] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or middleware components (e.g., application servers), or frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), the Internet, and blockchain networks.

[0112] Computer systems can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally geographically separated and typically interact via communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. A server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, a hosting product within the cloud computing service ecosystem, addressing the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS (Virtual Private Server, or simply "VPS") services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability. Servers can also be servers for distributed systems or servers incorporating blockchain technology.

[0113] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0114] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for comprehensive performance evaluation of atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide co-reduction, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: Based on the atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide inventory, the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction amount and the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount are obtained respectively; Based on the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction amount and the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount, the benefit index and the cost index of the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction and the carbon dioxide emission reduction are calculated respectively; Based on the benefit index and the cost index of the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction and the carbon dioxide emission reduction, the comprehensive benefit index and the synergy index of the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction and the carbon dioxide emission reduction are calculated, the comprehensive benefit index comprises the unit cost emission reduction amount, the unit cost environmental quality improvement benefit and the unit cost system comprehensive benefit, and the synergy index comprises the environmental quality improvement synergy and the system benefit synergy; Based on the comprehensive benefit index and the synergy index of the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction and the carbon dioxide emission reduction, a comprehensive performance evaluation index system of the atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide collaborative emission reduction is constructed, and the comprehensive performance evaluation index system comprises at least one emission reduction performance index.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: Based on the atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide inventory, the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction amount and the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount are obtained respectively; ΔE p = E t0,p - E t,p wherein ΔE p represents the amount of emission reduction of species p due to the emission reduction work of the evaluation object in a certain period in a certain region, species p being carbon dioxide or a certain type of atmospheric pollutant, E t0,p represents the amount of emission of species p at the reference time t0 in a certain region, E t,p represents the amount of emission of species p at the time t in a certain region only considering the emission reduction work of the evaluation object.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The atmospheric pollutants emission reduction amount and the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount are obtained respectively based on the atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide inventory, and the expression is as follows: The benefit index of the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction comprises the air quality improvement concentration corresponding to the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction amount and the health benefit of avoiding early death of the crowd; The benefit index of the carbon dioxide emission reduction comprises the social and economic benefit corresponding to the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount; 4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The air quality improvement concentration corresponding to the atmospheric pollutant emission reduction amount is calculated by the following formula, expressed as: ΔC q = C t0,q -C t,q wherein ΔC q represents the amount of improvement in the concentration of the pollutant q in the ambient air due to the emission reduction work of the evaluation object in the specific region during the specific period, C t0,q represents the concentration of the pollutant q at the reference time t0 in the specific region, C t,q represents the concentration of the pollutant q at the time t in the specific region, taking into account only the emission reduction work of the evaluation object after the emission reduction work The cost index of the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction and the carbon dioxide emission reduction is the production and life consumption cost change amount caused by the atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide emission reduction work. AB = ΔP air x VSL ΔP air = P t0,air - P t,air wherein, AB represents the health benefits of atmospheric pollutant emission reduction attribution, ΔP air represents the number of early deaths avoided by atmospheric pollutant emission reduction, VSL represents the value of a statistical life, P t0,air represents the number of early deaths caused by the concentration of environmental atmospheric pollutants in a specific region at a reference time t0, P t,air represents the number of early deaths caused by the concentration of environmental atmospheric pollutants in a specific region at a reference time t0, P The health benefit of avoiding early death of the crowd corresponding to the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction amount is calculated by the following formula, and the expression is as follows: cost = fee t - fee t0 wherein cost represents a cost index of emission reduction, fee t represents a cost of production and life at a specific region at time t after the evaluation object's emission reduction work is ensured to be carried out, fee t0 represents a cost of ensuring production and life at a specific region at reference time t0. The cost index of the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction and the carbon dioxide emission reduction is calculated by the following formula, and the expression is as follows: CB = ΔE co2 x SCC where CB represents the social economic benefits attributed to carbon dioxide emission reduction, SCC represents the social cost of carbon, and DE represents the amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction. co2 where CB represents the social economic benefits attributed to carbon dioxide emission reduction, SCC represents the social cost of carbon, and DE represents the amount of carbon dioxide emission reduction.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The comprehensive benefit index BI of atmospheric pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction is calculated by the following formula, expressed as: AB j = ΔP air,j × VSL CB j = ΔE co2,j × SCC wherein j represents the jth evaluation object, BI E represents the unit cost emission reduction value, ΔE represents the emission reduction amount of atmospheric pollutants or carbon dioxide compared to the reference time, BI C represents the unit cost environmental quality improvement benefit value, ΔC air represents the concentration improvement amount of environmental atmospheric pollutants compared to the reference time, BI I represents the unit cost system comprehensive benefit value.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The synergy index SI of atmospheric pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction is calculated by the following formula, and the expression is: SI C,j SI represents the evaluation value of the coordination degree of environmental quality improvement, that is, the coordination degree of the performance of the emission reduction work of the evaluation object j in improving the concentration of atmospheric pollutants and reducing carbon dioxide emission in the two aspects relative to other evaluation objects, n represents the standardization processing, and J represents the number of all evaluation objects. I,j SI represents the evaluation value of the coordination degree of system benefit, that is, the coordination degree of the performance of the emission reduction work of the evaluation object j in obtaining the benefits of atmospheric pollutant emission reduction and carbon dioxide emission reduction relative to other evaluation objects.

7. An atmospheric pollutant and carbon dioxide co-emission reduction comprehensive effect evaluation device, wherein, The social and economic benefit corresponding to the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount is calculated by the following formula, and the expression is as follows: The method comprises the following steps: An emission reduction amount obtaining module is configured to obtain the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction amount and the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount based on the atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide inventory respectively; A benefit index and cost index calculating module is configured to calculate the benefit index and the cost index of the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction and the carbon dioxide emission reduction based on the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction amount and the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount respectively; A comprehensive benefit index and synergy index calculating module is configured to calculate the comprehensive benefit index and the synergy index of the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction and the carbon dioxide emission reduction based on the benefit index and the cost index of the atmospheric pollutants emission reduction and the carbon dioxide emission reduction, the comprehensive benefit index comprises the unit cost emission reduction amount, the unit cost environmental quality improvement benefit and the unit cost system comprehensive benefit, and the synergy index comprises the environmental quality improvement synergy and the system benefit synergy; The evaluation index system construction module is configured to construct a comprehensive effectiveness evaluation index system for the coordinated reduction of atmospheric pollutants and carbon dioxide based on a comprehensive benefit index and a synergy index of atmospheric pollutant reduction and carbon dioxide reduction, and the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation index system comprises at least one reduction effectiveness index.

8. An electronic device, comprising: Comprise: a processor, and a memory connected to the processor in communication; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method of any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer readable storage medium, wherein, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, wherein, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-6.

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