Apapratus for blasting bulk material parts, and system comprising such an apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to a blasting apparatus for blasting bulk material parts by means of a particulate material, the blasting apparatus comprising: a housing (6) having at least one closure element (10, 11); a drum holder (5) which is arranged in the housing (6), can be pivoted about a pivot axis (A5) from a vertical position into an inclined position, and has a plurality of openings (16) for the passage of the particulate material; an interchangeable drum (3) for bulk material parts, which interchangeable drum can be inserted into the drum holder (5), coupling means (12) being provided for drivingly coupling the drum to the holder; a drive unit (13) for rotationally driving the holder; a blasting unit (7) for blasting the bulk material parts by means of the particulate material (21), wherein the passage area of the holes (15) of the interchangeable drum (3) is smaller than the passage area of the openings (16) of the drum holder (5). The invention also relates to a system (48) comprising such a device (2).

Description

[0001] Device for blasting pourable bulk parts and system with such a device

[0002] Description

[0003] The invention relates to a device for blasting pourable mass parts using a particle-shaped material, in particular for cleaning pourable mass parts, and to a system with such a device.

[0004] A blasting machine and a method for blasting with such a machine are known from generic German patent DE 34 27 375 A1. A pivotable disc is mounted in the door of a blasting machine about a horizontal pivot axis. A bicorn-shaped cleaning drum mounted on the disc rotates in its working position about an axis directed obliquely upwards. When the disc rotates 180 degrees, the axis points obliquely downwards, so that the cleaning drum is in a tilted position.

[0005] From CH 543 348 A, a four-station drum blasting system with a coupling feeder is known, which has a tilting device with a flow hopper. The flow hopper is equipped with coupling devices to be coupled to blasting drums on the side of the blasting machine and to transport containers on the side of the conveying device. The tilting device tips the workpieces through the hopper into the drum and places the blasting drum into a waiting drive head. In the stations, the drive heads with the blasting drums are rotated about their own axes by motors.

[0006] A deburring device with a cryogenic chamber is known from US Patent 6,059,640 A. A removable parts basket is rotatably mounted on bearing supports, particularly those made of PTFE, within the chamber. The basket has an externally perforated shell, an open and a closed end, and is positioned at an angle to the horizontal within the housing. A centrifugal wheel directs abrasive media, such as plastic pellets, onto the objects tumbling within the parts basket.

[0007] From DE10 2004 031 388 A1 a drum deburring system with a rotating drum and a centrifugal wheel is known.

[0008] From DE 200 05 082 U1 a device for irradiating workpieces with an abrasive medium is known.

[0009] From DE 199 31 663 C1, a method for treating small parts with a liquid treatment medium in a treatment machine is known. The treatment machine comprises a sealable container in which a drum for receiving the parts is arranged, which is rotatably driven and adjustable between a vertical axial position and an inclined axial position.

[0010] Another machine for cleaning pourable bulk parts in a liquid bath is known from DE 101 16 153 C1. The machine comprises a container with a lid flap, a drum holder arranged in the container for receiving liquid, and a liquid-permeable washing drum that can be inserted into the drum holder for receiving the bulk parts. The drum holder can be driven to rotate about the drum axis and can be pivoted about a horizontal pivot axis from a first position with a vertical drum axis to a second position with an inclined drum axis.

[0011] Such machines are used for washing, degreasing, tumbling, and other similar treatment steps for small industrial parts in liquid baths. The items referred to as small industrial parts are bulk goods that are contained in a washing or treatment drum, inserted into the machine, and lifted out again after cleaning or treatment. Several machines can form a treatment line for successive treatment steps on the small industrial parts. DE 10 2009 009 782 A1 discloses a device for the abrasive treatment of individual items and / or bulk goods, comprising a housing and a receiving device. The receiving device is pivotable about an axis and mounted for translational movement to insert the parts into and remove them from the housing.

[0012] DE 10 2015 118 240 A1 discloses a blasting system for blasting workpieces using a particulate blasting medium. The system is equipped with a blasting chamber, a workpiece conveyor, and a blasting turbine arranged above the workpiece conveyor.

[0013] The present invention is based on the objective of proposing a device for treating bulk bulk materials that is variably applicable and enables efficient treatment, in particular cleaning.

[0014] A blasting device for blasting pourable bulk parts using a particulate material is proposed as a solution, comprising: a housing with an opening and at least one closing element for closing the opening, wherein a blasting chamber is formed in the housing when closed; a drum holder arranged in the housing, which is pivotably mounted about a pivot axis from a vertical position to an inclined position and has a plurality of openings for the passage of the particulate material; an interchangeable drum for receiving bulk parts, wherein the interchangeable drum can be inserted into the drum holder when the closing element is open, wherein coupling means are provided for actuating the interchangeable drum to the drum holder, wherein the interchangeable drum has a drum wall with a plurality of holes, wherein an inner contour of the drum wall is designed such thatthat a circulation of the bulk materials is supported; a drive unit to rotate the drum holder with the interchangeable drum inserted therein about a rotary axis; and a blast unit for irradiating the bulk materials contained in the interchangeable drum with a particulate material, wherein the particulate material can flow out through the holes of the interchangeable drum and the openings of the drum holder during operation, the passage area of ​​the holes of the interchangeable drum being smaller than the passage area of ​​the openings of the drum holder. One advantage is that efficient surface treatment of bulk materials is enabled due to the particle irradiation. Because the interchangeable drum can be inserted into the drum holder for irradiating the bulk materials and removed again after irradiation,The device can be easily integrated into a treatment system with multiple treatment stations, making it versatile in its use. Insertion and removal are simple and can be performed from above, i.e., vertically above the blasting unit, with the drum holder in a vertical position and the locking element open. When inserted, the drum is coupled to the drum holder in the direction of rotation, allowing the drum to rotate along with the holder. After blasting, the drum holder is pivoted back into the vertical position, and the drum can be lifted out of the holder with the blasting element open. The drum can then be moved from one treatment station to the next without having to remove the bulk parts it contains. This contributes to the efficient treatment of bulk parts in a multi-station system.

[0015] Such systems with multiple treatment stations can be used, for example, for coating or painting bulk parts such as screws, nuts, stamped parts, or other small metal parts. Before painting or coating, the parts must be cleaned, which can be done using the device according to the invention. After cleaning, the drum can be immersed in a bath containing a liquid coating or painting agent. The drum, with the parts inside, can then be spun outside the coating agent to remove excess coating agent from the parts.

[0016] The blasting system irradiates the bulk material with a particulate material. The selection of blasting particles can be made taking into account the bulk material and the desired surface finish. Any solid material can be used as blasting particles, such as sand, metallic materials, or the like. The particle sizes and blasting parameters of the blasting unit can also be selected according to the bulk material and the desired result. The interchangeable drum is preferably made of a wear-resistant material with a hardness of at least 180 HBW, particularly at least 360 HBW, although higher hardness values ​​of more than 460 HBW are also possible. The hardness value can, for example, be up to 540 HBW. The tensile strength Rm of the material used for the interchangeable drum is preferably at least 1250 MPa, although higher strengths of at least 1400 MPa or at least 1500 MPa are also possible.Manganese-based steels, such as X120Mn12, offer particularly good wear resistance. However, any other wear-resistant steel materials can also be used, such as Hardox 400, 500, Creusabro 4800, 8000, Durostat 400, 500, to name just a few.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the interchangeable drum, or at least the sections affected by blasting, can have a wall thickness of more than 3 mm and / or less than 10 mm, for example between 4 mm and 6 mm. This also contributes to good strength and stability.

[0018] The interchangeable drum can be rotationally symmetrical about the drum axis, in particular circular or cylindrical. The drum can comprise several sections, which can first be manufactured separately and then joined together, for example by welding. In particular, the drum can have a bottom section, an adjoining wall section, and an opening section. The wall section can be cylindrical, in particular circular-cylindrical, although other basic shapes such as a polygon are also conceivable. The opening section is preferably designed to taper towards the opening, in particular as a conical section. At the upper end, the interchangeable drum preferably has a ring or flange section with which it can be gripped, lifted, and transported by a lifting or transport device. At the lower end or at the bottom, the drum can have a lower ring or flange section.Flange section for handling and as a stand element.

[0019] The drum wall of the interchangeable drum, particularly the wall and / or bottom sections, has numerous holes. These holes, also known as perforations, allow the particulate material to flow out of the drum by gravity during the blasting process. The holes in the interchangeable drum can also serve other functions in other processing stations. For example, during coating, coating fluid can enter the drum through the holes to coat the bulk material inside. Alternatively or additionally, excess fluid can be centrifuged out of the drum through the holes after coating.

[0020] The number, shape, and size of the openings are selected to be well-suited to the mass of parts being processed. The individual holes are preferably made as large as possible to ensure good flow, but as small as necessary to prevent the mass from tilting or becoming stuck in the holes. For example, the holes can have a cross-sectional area of ​​more than 0.25 mm² each. 2 have. Alternatively or additionally, the holes can have a passage area of ​​less than 4 cm each. 2 Depending on the size and shape of the bulk material particles, the holes can be round, oval, polygonal, crescent-shaped, slotted, wavy, and / or mesh-shaped. For particularly good flow characteristics of the particle-like jet material, the total perforation area of ​​the interchangeable drum is smaller than the total perforation area of ​​the openings in the drum holder.

[0021] The drum wall section can have an inner diameter of more than 800 mm and / or less than 1000 mm. The diameter of the drum opening can be smaller than the inner diameter of the wall section, for example, between 600 mm and 800 mm. The drum can have a volume of less than 360 liters and / or more than 180 liters. For particle irradiation, for example, the drum can be filled with less than 150 liters.

[0022] The drum has one or more circulation elements distributed around its circumference on its inner surface. As the drum rotates, these circulation elements act as baffles for the bulk material inside, causing the passing particles to be redistributed. Therefore, these circulation elements can also be referred to as deflection or baffle elements. The rotational movement causes the bulk material to be circulated as it passes the baffles, so that gradually all surface areas of the particles are exposed to the particulate material. The baffles can be designed as radially inward-projecting sections of the drum wall, for example, as paddle, spiral, or beam elements, which can be arranged parallel or helically to the drum axis. In one possible design, the baffles can also reinforce the drum.For example, several obstacle elements in the form of beams can be provided, extending longitudinally between the upper cone section and a lower drum section and connected to it.

[0023] In one embodiment, the housing comprises a stationary or rigid housing part and a housing part that is movable or pivotable relative to it. The pivotable housing part can include a support section for the drum mount. The support section, together with the drum mount, can be pivoted relative to the rigid housing part from a vertical position by more than 0° to an inclined position of up to 66° by means of a pivoting device. Preferably, the pivot angle is variably adjustable to any intermediate value between the vertical initial position and the maximum inclined position. In addition to serving as a support for the drum, the pivotable housing part can simultaneously form a closing element. The closing element can, in particular, be designed in the form of a flap.Along its opening, the pivoting housing part can have a flange section which, in the closed state, can be brought into sealing contact with a counter surface of the stationary housing part.

[0024] Furthermore, a rotary drive is provided to rotate the drum around its axis during particle irradiation. The rotary drive and, if necessary, the transmission can be designed so that the drum can rotate at a speed n of, for example, 1 to 50 rpm. The drive speed n can be further specified as being adjustable in steps or continuously.

[0025] The drum receptacle can be basket-shaped and comprise at least two axially spaced ring elements and several longitudinal elements distributed around the circumference, which are firmly connected to the ring elements, for example by welding. The ring elements are preferably arranged radially outside, surrounding the longitudinal elements. At least three, and in particular six, longitudinal elements can be provided, preferably arranged regularly around the circumference. The longitudinal elements, or at least a subset thereof, can project axially beyond the uppermost ring element, thus facilitating the insertion of the drum.

[0026] At least one of the drum mount and / or interchangeable drum components may be provided with an insertion geometry to center the interchangeable drum relative to the drum mount during insertion. For example, the longitudinal elements may have an insertion chamfer at their free ends that tapers axially towards the mounting base, along which the drum slides and is thus securely inserted and centered in the drum mount.

[0027] The interchangeable drum and the drum holder are dimensioned such that, when installed, a radial clearance exists between the drum holder and the interchangeable drum. This radial clearance, measured in diameter, can be, for example, more than 1 mm and / or less than 5 mm. The height of the drum holder is preferably at least 0.75 times the height of the interchangeable drum. This ensures secure retention even during rotation.

[0028] In the inserted state, the interchangeable drum is connected to the drum mount via coupling elements in the direction of rotation, preferably automatically. For this purpose, the drum mount can have one or more first coupling elements that interact with one or more second coupling elements of the interchangeable drum. The coupling elements are designed such that a rotational movement of the drum mount is transmitted to the interchangeable drum, and both rotate together around the drum axis. For example, the coupling elements can be designed in the form of one or more circumferentially distributed drivers that, when the drum mount rotates, transmit a force to corresponding drivers on the drum and drive it in rotation.The problem is further solved by a system for treating bulk bulk parts, comprising: a device for irradiating bulk bulk parts, designed according to one or more of the embodiments mentioned above; at least two treatment stations from the group consisting of a loading station, de-oiling station, washing station, degreasing station, rinsing station, painting station, surface coating station, drying station and emptying station; and a transport device with a transport frame spanning several of the treatment stations and comprising a gripping device for reversibly gripping and releasing an exchange drum, a lifting device for raising and lowering an exchange drum, and a movable transport carriage for transporting the drum from one treatment station to the next treatment station.

[0029] The aforementioned system offers the same advantages as described above in connection with the device. The blasting device can be easily integrated into a treatment system with multiple treatment stations. The blasting device forms one of several treatment units through which the drum containing the bulk parts passes. The device and the system it is equipped with contribute to the efficient treatment of bulk parts.

[0030] For example, an existing process with several sequential washing and drying stations for bulk materials can be supplemented by a surface treatment process using a blasting device, particularly a centrifugal wheel blasting device. With the interchangeable drum, bulk materials from several successive processes can be processed in series using a transportable container. The bulk materials can be loaded into the interchangeable drum using a feeding device, such as a lifting and tipping unit, and then undergo the washing, drying, and blasting processes sequentially without transferring the materials. Additionally, the transport system can move up to two drums simultaneously. Blasting can be carried out, in particular, using centrifugal wheel blasting.

[0031] Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and described below. Figure 1A shows a device according to the invention for blasting pourable bulk materials with a particle-shaped material in an open perspective view;

[0032] Figure 1B shows the device according to Figure 1A, partially cut away;

[0033] Figure 2A shows the device according to Figure 1A in the closed state in a perspective view;

[0034] Figure 2B shows the device according to Figure 2A, partially cut away;

[0035] Figure 2C shows the device according to Figure 2A, partially cut away, in a further perspective view;

[0036] Figure 3A shows the interchangeable drum of the device from Figure 1A as a detail in a perspective view;

[0037] Figure 3B shows the interchangeable drum from Figure 3A, in top view;

[0038] Figure 3C shows the interchangeable drum according to section line 3C-3C from Figure 3B;

[0039] Figure 4A shows the drum holder of the device from Figure 1A as a detail in a perspective view;

[0040] Figure 4B shows the drum mount from Figure 4A, in top view;

[0041] Figure 4C shows the drum mount according to section line 4C-4C from Figure 4B; and

[0042] Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a system according to the invention for treating pourable mass parts with a device according to the invention from Figure 1A.

[0043] Figures 1A to 4C, which are described together below, show a device according to the invention for blasting pourable bulk parts using a particulate material. The device 2 comprises an exchangeable drum 3 for receiving pourable bulk parts 4, a drum holder 5 into which the exchangeable drum 3 can be inserted, a housing 6 in which the drum holder 5 is pivotably arranged, and a blasting device 7 for blasting the bulk parts in the drum with particles. The blasting device 7 can, for example, be designed as a centrifugal wheel device. The bulk parts 4 to be treated with the system can, for example, be screws, stamped parts, or other bulk material. The bulk parts to be treated are filled into the exchangeable drum 3, which is then inserted into the drum holder 5 and pivoted together with it into the treatment position.In a swiveled state, the mass parts are irradiated with particle-shaped material by means of the blast device 7.

[0044] The housing 6 forms an internal blast chamber 8 in which the exchangeable drum 3 or the bulk parts it contains are blasted. For inserting and removing the exchangeable drum 3, the housing 6 has an opening 9, which can be closed by means of one or more closing elements 10, 11. When inserted, the exchangeable drum 3 is coupled to the drum holder 5 via detachable coupling elements 12 to transmit a rotary movement of the drum holder 5 to the exchangeable drum 3. A controllable drive unit 13, which is connected to the drum holder 5, is provided to generate the rotary movement. In its lower region, the housing 6 can have one or more downwardly tapered wall sections, so that blast particles can flow downwards effectively or collect centrally and be removed from the chamber via a tubular element 41, for example, by suction.

[0045] The interchangeable drum 3 has a drum wall 14 perforated with a plurality of holes 15 through which the blasting media and, if applicable, other treatment media in subsequent treatment steps can flow. The number, size, and / or shape of the perforations are selected such that the bulk parts to be treated are reliably held inside the basket. The inner contour of the drum wall 14 is designed to facilitate the rotation of the bulk parts. For this purpose, the inner contour can be non-circular in cross-section, so that the bulk parts are redistributed when the drum is rotated. The drum holder 5 also includes a plurality of openings 16 for the passage of the particulate material.The particles blasted onto the bulk material can thus flow through the holes 15 of the interchangeable drum 3 and the openings 16 of the drum holder 5 into a deeper area of ​​the blast chamber 8 and from there be fed into further circulation. It is designed so that the total passage area of ​​the holes 15 of the interchangeable drum 3 is smaller than the total passage area of ​​the openings 16 of the drum holder 5.

[0046] Further preferred technical details of the device 2 according to the invention are discussed below.

[0047] In the present embodiment, the housing 6 comprises a stationary or immobile housing part 17 and a housing part 18 that is movable or pivotable relative to the stationary housing part 18. The pivotable housing part 18 is shaped like a paddle and includes several wall sections, in particular two side wall sections 19, 20 and two end wall sections 22, 23. The drum holder 5 is attached to one of the end wall sections in such a way that it is movable together with the pivotable housing part 18. This section can therefore also be referred to as the support section. The pivotable housing part 18, together with the drum holder, can be pivoted relative to the stationary housing part 17 from a vertical position P1 by more than 0° to an inclined position P2 of up to 66° by means of a pivoting device 24. Preferably, the pivot angle α is variably adjustable to any intermediate value between the vertical initial position and the maximum inclined position.The pivoting housing part 18, in addition to serving as a support for the interchangeable drum 3, also forms a closing element. In the closed position, the pivoting housing part 18, together with the static housing part 17, encloses the blast chamber. Along its opening, the pivoting housing part 18 has a flange section 25 which, in the closed position, comes into sealing contact with a counter surface 26 of the static housing part 18.

[0048] Figures 1A and 1B show the interchangeable drum 3 in its installed position in the drum holder 5 with the locking elements 10, 11 and flaps, respectively, open. The drive unit 27 for the swiveling device 24 is located outside the housing 6 and the blast chamber, so that it is not affected by the blasting material. The drum holder 5, together with the interchangeable drum 3, is in the first position P1, in which the drum axis A3 is perpendicular or vertical. In this vertical position of the drum holder 5, the drum can be inserted or removed, for example, by means of a lifting device.

[0049] Figures 2A and 2B show the device 2 in the closed position. The pivoting housing part 18 is pivoted relative to the stationary housing part 17, and the flap 11 is closed, so that the entire blast chamber is closed. By pivoting the housing part 18, the drum holder 5 and the interchangeable drum 3 held therein are also pivoted from the vertical by the pivot angle α into the inclined position P2. This is clearly visible in Figure 2B. In this position, the bulk material in the interchangeable drum 3 is blasted by the blast unit 7.

[0050] The blasting device 7 is arranged outside the blasting chamber on the housing 6, with an opening 28 provided in the housing through which the particle beam is blasted into the chamber. The blasting device 7 is arranged such that, in the wasting state of the drum basket 5, it is in line with the drum axis A3. In this way, the particle beam is directed into the drum to blast the bulk material. The blasting device 7 can be designed in the form of a centrifugal blasting unit.

[0051] The device 2 further comprises a rotary drive 29 for rotating the drum holder 5 or the interchangeable drum 3 held therein about the drum axis A3 during particle irradiation. The rotary drive 29 is designed such that the drum can be rotated at a speed n of, for example, 1 to 50 rpm. The drive speed n of the interchangeable drum 3 is preferably adjustable in steps or continuously.

[0052] The interchangeable drum 3, shown in detail in Figures 3A to 3C, is made of a wear-resistant material that can have a hardness of, for example, at least 180 HBW, in particular at least 360 HBW, and / or a tensile strength Rm of, for example, at least 1250 MPa, in particular at least 1400 MPa. Manganese-based hard steels, for example X120Mn12 or comparable steels, are particularly suitable for the manufacture of the interchangeable drum 3. The same applies to the material selection of the drum holder 5. The wall thickness W3 of the interchangeable drum 3 is in particular more than 3 mm and / or less than 10 mm. For example, the sheet thickness, at least in the wall and base area, can be between 4 mm and 6 mm.

[0053] The shape and size of the interchangeable drum 3 are, in principle, freely selectable and can be adapted to the requirements of the bulk material being processed. According to the present embodiment, the interchangeable drum 3 is rotationally symmetrical about a drum axis A3. It is also evident that the drum comprises several sections, namely a bottom section 32, a cylindrical wall section 33 connected to it, and a tapered section 34, which is designed, in particular, as a conical section. The tapered section 34 ensures that the bulk material 4 is securely held inside the drum when the interchangeable drum 3 is pivoted and rotated. In contrast to the wall section 19, the tapered section 19 can have a closed surface, i.e., be free of holes or openings. This facilitates the flowability of the bulk material during emptying.The conical wall, viewed in longitudinal section, can have an angle of inclination of between 30° and 60° relative to the side wall. At its upper end, the interchangeable drum 3 has an opening 35 with an annular or flanged section 36 encompassing this opening, which allows the drum to be lifted and transported by a lifting or transport device. The annular or flanged section 36 can be formed as a single piece with the tapered section 34, for example, as a sheet metal forming part.

[0054] The wall section 33 is firmly connected to the bottom section 32, for example by a continuous weld along the butt joint. At the lower end, or at the bottom section 32, the drum has, in particular, a ring element 37, which can serve for handling and as a support element. The ring element 37 has a sleeve section 39 offset radially inwards from the outer edge 38 and a flange section 40 adjoining this, directed radially outwards. The outer diameter of the flange section 40 corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of the wall section 33.

[0055] In this embodiment, the base section 32 is designed as a perforated plate, and the wall section 33 can be manufactured from a perforated sheet metal element bent into a cylinder. The number, shape, and size of the holes or openings are adapted to the mass-produced parts being handled. For example, the holes can have a through-area of ​​more than 0.25 mm² each. 2 and / or of less than 4 cm 2 exhibit.

[0056] The wall section 33 of the exchangeable drum 3 has an inner diameter D33 of preferably more than 800 mm and / or less than 1000 mm. The diameter D35 of the drum opening 35 is smaller than the inner diameter D33 of the wall section, for example, between 600 mm and 800 mm. The exchangeable drum 3 can have a volume of less than 360 liters and / or more than 180 liters. For irradiation, the drum can, for example, be filled with less than 150 liters.

[0057] The interchangeable drum 3 has several circulation elements 31 distributed around its circumference on its inner side. These elements serve to redistribute the bulk parts 4 contained within the interchangeable drum 3 as the drum 3 rotates. In this embodiment, the circulation elements 31 are designed as beams or ribs projecting radially inwards from the cylindrical base of the drum wall. Three beams extending parallel to the drum axis A3 are provided around the circumference, without this limitation. The circulation or beam elements are attached to the inner side of the wall sections 33, for example, by welding. The upper end can connect to the tapered section 34. The lower end of the circulation or beam elements 31 is connected to a conical ring section 30.The conical ring section 30 spans the corner area between the wall and floor sections 32, 33 and thus contributes to better redistribution and mixing.

[0058] Figures 4A to 4C show the drum holder 5 in detail. The design of the drum holder is, in principle, arbitrary; it is adapted to the shape of the drum to ensure a secure fit. In the present exemplary embodiment, the drum holder 5 is basket-shaped and comprises a base plate 42, two or more axially spaced ring elements 43, and several longitudinal elements 44 distributed around its circumference. The ring elements 43 enclose the longitudinal elements 44 circumferentially and are firmly connected to them, for example, by welding. The longitudinal elements 44 are firmly connected to the base plate 42; this can also be done by welding. In this example, six elements are arranged regularly distributed around the circumference on the base plate. The longitudinal elements 44 are designed in the form of profiles, in particular as T-profiles. They project beyond the uppermost ring element 43 in the axial direction.The drum receptacle 5 features an insertion geometry that aids in centering during insertion. For this purpose, the longitudinal elements 44 each have an insertion chamfer 45 at their free ends, as can be seen particularly in Figure 4C. This creates an overall conical surface that tapers towards the bottom. The drum can thus be securely inserted into the drum receptacle 5 and centered in the process.

[0059] The interchangeable drum 3 and the drum holder 5 are dimensioned such that radial play is formed between them when installed. This radial play, measured in diameter, can be, for example, more than 1 mm and / or less than 5 mm. The largest outer diameter D33 of the wall and bottom sections of the interchangeable drum 3 is smaller than the smallest inner diameter D5 of the drum holder 5. The height H5 of the drum holder 5 preferably corresponds to at least 0.75 times the height H3 of the interchangeable drum 3, and the longitudinal elements 44 for radially supporting the drum extend at least to the upper end of the wall section 33.

[0060] In the inserted state, the interchangeable drum 3 is coupled to the drum mount 5 in the direction of rotation. For this purpose, the drum mount 5 comprises one or more first coupling elements 46, which interact with one or more second coupling elements 47 of the interchangeable drum 3. The coupling elements 46, 47 are designed such that a rotational movement of the drum mount 5 is transmitted to the interchangeable drum 3, and both rotate together about the drum axis A3. For example, the coupling elements 46, 47 can be designed in the form of one or more circumferentially distributed drivers which, when the drum mount rotates, transmit a force to corresponding drivers on the drum and drive it in rotation.

[0061] Figure 5 shows a system 48 for treating pourable bulk materials 4, which includes a device 2 according to Figure 1. The system 48 additionally comprises a first treatment station 49 upstream of the device 2, designed as a loading station, and a third treatment station 50 downstream of the device 2, designed as an unloading station. The loading station includes a filling device 51 through which the pourable bulk materials 4 can be filled into the exchange drum 3. The unloading station includes a tilting device 52 with which the exchange drum 3 can be tilted about a horizontal tilting axis A52, so that the bulk materials 4 are poured downwards through the opening onto a discharge device 53.It is understood that additional treatment stations may be provided as an option, for example one or more of an oil removal station, washing station, degreasing station, rinsing station, painting station, surface coating station and / or drying station.

[0062] The system 48 further comprises a transport device 54 with a transport frame 55 spanning the treatment stations. The transport frame 55 is equipped with a gripping device 56 for reversibly gripping and releasing an exchange drum 3, as well as a lifting device 57 for raising and lowering an exchange drum 3. The lifting device 57 is attached to a movable transport carriage 58, enabling an exchange drum 3 to be moved from one station to the next along the transport frame. The transport frame includes several supports 59 and a crossbeam 60.

[0063] Reference symbol list

[0064] 2 Device

[0065] 3 interchangeable drums

[0066] 4 mass parts

[0067] 5 Drum mount

[0068] 6 cases

[0069] 7 Beam device

[0070] 8 beam chamber

[0071] 9 Opening

[0072] 10 locking elements

[0073] 11 Locking element

[0074] 12 coupling medium

[0075] 13 Drive unit

[0076] 14 Drum wall

[0077] 15 holes

[0078] 16 openings

[0079] 17 Housing part

[0080] 18 Housing part

[0081] 19 Side wall section

[0082] 20 side wall section

[0083] 21 Material

[0084] 22 end wall sections

[0085] 23 end wall sections

[0086] 24 Swivel device

[0087] 25 Flange section

[0088] 26 Counter surface

[0089] 27 Drive unit

[0090] 28 Opening

[0091] 29 Rotary drive

[0092] 30 Ring section

[0093] 31 Circulation element

[0094] 32 Ground section

[0095] 33 Wall section 34 Tapering section

[0096] 35 Opening

[0097] 36 Ring section

[0098] 37 Ring element

[0099] 38 outer edge

[0100] 39 Sleeve section

[0101] 40 Flange section

[0102] 41 Element

[0103] 42 Base plate

[0104] 43 Ring element

[0105] 44 longitudinal element

[0106] 45 Inlet chamfer

[0107] 46 coupling element

[0108] 47 coupling element

[0109] 48 Annex

[0110] 49 Treatment ward

[0111] 50 treatment stations

[0112] 51 Filling device

[0113] 52 Tilting device

[0114] 53 Discharge device

[0115] 54 Transport equipment

[0116] 55 Transport rack

[0117] 56 Gripping device

[0118] 57 Lifting device

[0119] 58 transport wagons

[0120] 59 supports

[0121] 60 crossbeams at swivel angle

[0122] Axis

[0123] Diameter

[0124] H height

[0125] P Position

Claims

Device for blasting pourable bulk parts and system with such a device Claims 1. Blasting device for blasting pourable bulk parts using a particulate material, comprising: a housing (6) with an opening (9) and at least one closing element (10, 11) to close the opening (9), wherein a blasting chamber (8) is formed in the housing (6) when closed; a drum holder (5) arranged in the housing (6), which is pivotably mounted about a pivot axis (A5) from a vertical position (P1) to an inclined position (P2) and has a plurality of openings (16) for the passage of the particulate material;characterized by an interchangeable drum (3) for receiving bulk parts, which can be inserted into the drum receptacle (5) from above when the drum receptacle (5) is in a vertical position (P1) and the closing element (10, 11) is open, wherein the interchangeable drum (3) is coupled to the drum receptacle (5) via coupling means (12) in the inserted state, wherein the interchangeable drum (3) has a drum wall with a plurality of holes (15), wherein an inner contour of the drum wall is designed to support the circulation of the bulk parts; a drive unit (13) for rotating the drum receptacle (5) with the interchangeable drum (3) inserted therein about a rotary axis (A3); and a blast device (7) for blasting the pourable mass parts contained in the exchange drum (3) by means of a particulate material (21), wherein the particulate material (21) can flow out through the holes (15) of the exchange drum (3) and the openings (16) of the drum receptacle (5) during operation, wherein the passage area of ​​the holes (15) of the exchange drum (3) is smaller than the passage area of ​​the openings (16) of the drum receptacle (5).

2. Blasting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the interchangeable drum (3) is made of a wear-resistant material having a hardness of at least 180 HBW, in particular at least 360 HBW, and / or a tensile strength Rm of at least 1200 MPa, in particular at least 1400 MPa.

3. Blasting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the interchangeable drum (3) is made of a manganese steel, in particular X120Mn12.

4. Blasting device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the interchangeable drum (3) has a wall thickness of between 3 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 4 mm and 6 mm.

5. Blasting device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the housing (6) has a stationary housing part (17) and a housing part (18) that is pivotable relative to it, wherein the pivotable housing part (18) has a support section for the drum holder (5).

6. Blasting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, that a pivoting device (24) is provided to pivot the pivotable housing part (18) relative to the stationary housing part (17) from a first position (P1) in which the axis of rotation of the drum holder (5) is vertically aligned, to a second position (P2) in which the axis of rotation (A5) of the drum holder (5) encloses a pivoting angle (a) with a vertical, in particular by 0° to 66° relative to a vertical, wherein the pivoting angle (a) is in particular variably adjustable to any intermediate value.

7. Blasting device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the pivotable housing part (18) forms a closing element, which is designed in particular in the form of a flap, wherein the pivotable housing part (18) has a flange section (25) along its opening which, in the closed state, comes into sealing contact with a counter surface (26) of the stationary housing part (17).

8. Blasting device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the drum holder (5) is basket-shaped and has at least two axially spaced ring elements (43) and several longitudinal elements (44) distributed around the circumference, which are firmly connected to the ring elements (43), wherein the ring elements (43) are arranged radially outside, enclosing the longitudinal elements (44), wherein at least a subset of the longitudinal elements (44) project axially beyond the uppermost ring element (43).

9. Blasting device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the interchangeable drum (3) and the drum holder (5) are dimensioned such that, in the installed state, a radial clearance is formed between the drum holder (5) and the interchangeable drum (3), and / or that the height (H5) of the drum holder (5) corresponds to at least 0.75 times the height (H3) of the interchangeable drum (3).

10. Blasting device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one of the parts drum holder (5) or interchangeable drum (3) has an insertion geometry to center the interchangeable drum (3) when inserting it relative to the drum holder (5).

11. Blasting device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the coupling means (12) has several first coupling elements (46) which are associated with the drum receptacle (5), and several second coupling elements (47) which are associated with the interchangeable drum, wherein, in the inserted state of the interchangeable drum (3), a rotary movement of the drum receptacle (5) is transferred from the first coupling elements (46) to the second coupling elements (47), so that the interchangeable drum (3) rotates together with the drum receptacle (5).

12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the exchange drum (3) has a volume of less than 360 liters and more than 180 liters.

13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the holes (15) of the interchangeable drum (3) each have a passage area of ​​more than 0.25 mm 2 and less than 4 cm 2 exhibit.

14. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the holes (15) are round, oval, crescent-shaped, slotted, sinusoidal and / or mesh-shaped.

15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the exchange drum (3) has a bottom section (32), a wall section (33) and a tapered section (34), wherein the wall section (33) and the bottom section (32) are provided with holes (15), wherein the wall section (33) is in particular cylindrical and the tapered section (34) is tapered towards the opening (35).

16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the wall section (33) has an inner diameter (D33) of more than 800 mm and less than 1000 mm, that the opening (35) has an opening diameter (D35) that is smaller than the inner diameter (D33) of the wall section (33), wherein the opening diameter (D35) is in particular between 600 mm and 800 mm.

17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the rotary drive (18) is designed to drive the drum (3) rotating at a speed n of 1 to 50 rpm, wherein the speed n is in particular variably adjustable.

18. Plant for treating bulk bulk parts, comprising: a device (2) for treating bulk bulk parts (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 17 and at least two treatment stations (49, 50) from the group consisting of a loading station, de-oiling station, washing station, degreasing station, rinsing station, painting station, surface coating station, drying station and emptying station, as well as a transport device (54) with a transport frame (55) spanning several of the treatment stations (49, 50) and comprising a gripping device (56) for reversibly gripping and releasing an exchange drum (3), a lifting device (57) for raising and lowering an exchange drum (3), and a movable transport carriage (58) for transporting the exchange drum (3) from one treatment station to the next treatment station.

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