Installation structure for photovoltaic power generation sheet

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an installation structure for a photovoltaic power generation sheet capable of suppressing the breakage of an installation surface due to the deformation of the photovoltaic power generation sheet. The present invention is an installation structure for a photovoltaic power generation sheet which comprises: an installation surface that has one or more recess portions and two or more protrusion portions, and that is disposed so that each of the recess portions and the protrusion portions are parallel to each other; a photovoltaic power generation sheet that is disposed so as to cross between the protrusion portions; a fixing member that fixes the photovoltaic power generation sheet to the protrusion portion; and a reinforcement material that bridges at least two of the protrusion portions and directly or indirectly supports the bridged protrusion portions.

Description

Solar power generation sheet installation structure

[0001] The present invention relates to an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet.

[0002] Rigid solar cell panels made of silicon semiconductors have traditionally been widely used as solar cells. However, because conventional solar cell panels are relatively heavy, they cannot be installed on some structures with low load-bearing capacity, and even on installation surfaces where they are suitable, they cannot be installed in areas with low load-bearing capacity, resulting in ineffective use of the installation surface area. Therefore, in recent years, flexible solar cells using heat-resistant polymer materials such as polyimide and polyester, or metal foil as a base material, have been attracting attention. Flexible solar cells have advantages such as thinness and light weight, which make them easy to transport and install, and they are resistant to impacts. Photovoltaic power generation sheets using flexible solar cells can be installed along the installation surface, even if the installation surface has irregularities (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] International Publication No. 2023-182435

[0004] When installing a photovoltaic sheet on an uneven installation surface, a method of installing the photovoltaic sheet along the unevenness of the installation surface, as in Patent Document 1, is effective from the perspective of maximizing the power generation area. However, while installing a photovoltaic sheet along the unevenness of the installation surface increases the power generation area, it has the problem of poor maintenance, such as replacing the photovoltaic sheet. Typically, the building materials or structures on which the photovoltaic sheet is installed have a longer lifespan than the photovoltaic sheet, so it is expected that the photovoltaic sheet will be replaced when it reaches the end of its lifespan. In this case, if the photovoltaic sheet is installed along the unevenness, the replacement process becomes complicated and maintenance becomes difficult. Therefore, a method of installing the photovoltaic sheet across a recess has been considered to facilitate maintenance. However, when a photovoltaic sheet is installed across a recess, deformation such as bending and vibration of the photovoltaic sheet occurs when wind blows into the space formed between the photovoltaic sheet and the recess, which can cause damage to the photovoltaic sheet or the force of the deformation is transmitted to the installation surface via the fixing member, resulting in damage to the installation surface. In particular, solar panels are often installed on surfaces with low strength due to their nature. Even if the solar panels can be firmly fixed to the installation surface, significant vibrations caused by wind can cause damage to the installation surface itself, making the problem even more serious.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet that can prevent damage to the installation surface due to deformation of the photovoltaic sheet.

[0006] The present invention includes the following Disclosures 1 to 9. The present invention is described in detail below. [Disclosure 1] A photovoltaic sheet installation structure comprising: an installation surface having one or more recesses and two or more protrusions, the recesses and protrusions being arranged so as to be parallel to one another; a photovoltaic sheet arranged so as to cross between the protrusions; a fixing member for fixing the photovoltaic sheet to the protrusions; and a reinforcing material bridging at least two of the protrusions and directly or indirectly supporting the crosslinked protrusions. [Disclosure 2] The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to Disclosure 1, wherein the reinforcing material does not overlap with the power generation section of the photovoltaic sheet when viewed from above the photovoltaic sheet in a plan view. [Disclosure 3] The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to Disclosure 1 or 2, wherein the reinforcing material is arranged below the photovoltaic sheet. [Disclosure 4] The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to any of Disclosures 1 to 3, wherein the reinforcing material supports at least one and the entire end of the photovoltaic sheet that crosses between the protrusions. [Disclosure 5] The installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to Disclosure 4, wherein the reinforcing material covers two surfaces, the top surface and the side surface of the end portion, or three surfaces, the top surface, the side surface, and the bottom surface of the end portion, at the end portion of the photovoltaic sheet where the reinforcing material is arranged. [Disclosure 6] The installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to any one of Disclosures 1 to 5, wherein the installation surface has a slope, and the direction of the slope is parallel to the extension direction of the recesses and the protrusions. [Disclosure 7] The installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to Disclosure 6, wherein the reinforcing material is arranged perpendicular to the direction of the slope. [Disclosure 8] The installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to any one of Disclosures 1 to 7, wherein the reinforcing material has a modulus of longitudinal elasticity of 1000 MPa or more. [Disclosure 9] The installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to any one of Disclosures 1 to 8, wherein the reinforcing material has a thickness of 1 mm or more and 50 mm or less.

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a photovoltaic sheet installation structure that can prevent damage to the installation surface due to deformation of the photovoltaic sheet.

[0008] 1 is a perspective view that schematically shows an example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention; 2 is a cross-sectional view that schematically shows an example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention; 3 is a top view that schematically shows an example of an arrangement of a reinforcing member in an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention; 4 is a top view that schematically shows an example of an arrangement of a reinforcing member in an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention; 5 is a cross-sectional view that schematically shows an example of the shape of a reinforcing member in an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention; 6 is a cross-sectional view that schematically shows an example of the shape of a reinforcing member in an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention; 7 is a cross-sectional view that schematically shows an example of the shape of a reinforcing member in an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention; 8 is a cross-sectional view that schematically shows an example of the shape of a reinforcing member in an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention; 9 is a cross-sectional view that schematically shows an example of the shape of a reinforcing member in an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention; 10 is a cross-sectional view that schematically shows an example of the shape of a reinforcing member in an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention; 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a further example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a further example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a further example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a further example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a further example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a further example of a deformation-inhibiting member in an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a further example of a deformation-inhibiting member in an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a further example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. 9 is a perspective view schematically showing a further example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing a further example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention.

[0009] The present invention will be described in more detail below by giving specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0010] (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically illustrating an example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a photovoltaic sheet installed on a seam-fastened folded-plate roof with a slope that slopes downward from the upper right to the lower left of the figure. In embodiment 1, a photovoltaic sheet 1 is arranged on an installation surface 2, on which one or more consecutive concave portions 21 and two or more consecutive convex portions 22 are arranged parallel to each other, so that the photovoltaic sheet 1 crosses between the convex portions 22 (above the concave portions 21). The photovoltaic sheet 1 is fixed to the installation surface at the upper ends (seam portions) of the convex portions 22 (seam portions) by fixing members 3. A reinforcing member 4 is connected to the fixing member 3 on the photovoltaic sheet 1, bridging at least two convex portions 22 and directly or indirectly supporting the bridged convex portions 22 to reduce the load on the installation surface 2. The reinforcing member 4 indirectly supports the convex portions 22 via the fixing member 3. Here, bridging means bridging between the protrusions 22. Direct support means supporting the reinforcing material 4 and the protrusions 22 in a state where they are in contact with each other, and indirect support means supporting the reinforcing material 4 and the protrusions 22 in a state where another member is present between them.

[0011] When installing conventional rigid solar panels made of silicon solar cells on uneven surfaces, the solar panel cannot deform, so flat solar panels are installed on the convex parts, leaving gaps between the solar panel and the concave parts that allow wind to blow in. However, because solar panels are highly rigid and heavy, they remain stable even when wind blows into the concave parts. On the other hand, because solar photovoltaic sheets are flexible and lightweight, when they are placed across the concave parts of the installation surface as in conventional solar panels, deformation such as bending or vibration can occur when wind blows into the concave parts. In this case, the deformation of the solar photovoltaic sheet imposes a load on the installation surface through the fixing members that secure the solar photovoltaic sheet, which can damage the installation surface. In particular, when the installation surface is a folded-plate roof, the solar photovoltaic sheet is often fixed to the seam, and because the seam parts are not very strong, even small deformations can easily lead to damage to the installation surface. In the present invention, by arranging a reinforcing material that bridges and supports at least two convex portions and reinforcing the installation surface, particularly the convex portions, the load on the installation surface can be reduced even if the solar power generation sheet is deformed, and as a result, damage to the installation surface can be suppressed.

[0012] In this specification, "up" refers to the direction from which light is incident (the +Z-axis direction in the figure), and "down" refers to the direction from which the installation surface is located (the -Z-axis direction in the figure). "Depth direction" refers to the extension direction of the recesses and protrusions (the Y-axis direction in the figure), and "width direction" refers to the direction perpendicular to the depth direction (the X-axis direction in the figure), that is, the direction in which the recesses and protrusions are lined up. "Recess" includes not only the bottom surface but also the side surface. "Parallel" includes not only perfect parallelism but also substantial parallelism within a certain error range.

[0013] The building material or structure constituting the installation surface is not particularly limited as long as the recesses and protrusions are arranged parallel to one another. Examples of such building materials or structures include vertically roofed structures such as folded-plate roofs and tiled roofs. In particular, folded-plate roofs are prone to gaps between the installation surface and the photovoltaic sheet and are not particularly strong, making them prone to deformation of the photovoltaic sheet and damage to the installation surface. This makes the effects of the present invention particularly pronounced. Furthermore, the installation surface preferably has a slope, and the direction of this slope is more preferably parallel to the extension direction of the recesses and protrusions. Having a slope on the installation surface allows for optimal placement of the photovoltaic sheet, thereby further improving power generation efficiency. Furthermore, having a slope parallel to the extension direction of the recesses and protrusions prevents water and dirt from accumulating, thereby reducing damage to the photovoltaic sheet. Examples of installation surfaces with a slope parallel to the extension direction of the recesses and protrusions include vertically roofed structures such as folded-plate roofs and tiled roofs.

[0014] The photovoltaic sheet is a component that generates electricity by receiving sunlight and is characterized by being lightweight, flexible, and thin. In this specification, the term "sheet" refers to a shape in which the thickness of the object is 10% or less of the maximum length between the outer edges in a planar view. When the shape in a planar view is rectangular, the "maximum length between the outer edges in a planar view" refers to the length of the diagonal. Furthermore, when the shape in a planar view is circular, the "maximum length between the outer edges in a planar view" refers to the diameter. Furthermore, in this specification, the term "sheet" also includes membranes, foils, films, and the like.

[0015] The photovoltaic sheet may be a thin solar cell known in the art, such as a photovoltaic sheet having a power generation section sealed in a sealant on a back sheet, or a photovoltaic sheet having a front sheet laminated on the power generation section via a sealant or an adhesive layer. The photoelectric conversion material used in the power generation section may also be a known material, such as amorphous silicon, an organic / inorganic perovskite compound, or a non-silicon material such as CIGS.

[0016] The photovoltaic sheet preferably has its end side surfaces and peripheral edges covered with a sealing material. Covering the end side surfaces and peripheral edges of the photovoltaic sheet with a sealing material can prevent delamination between the layers of the photovoltaic sheet. It can also further prevent moisture from penetrating through the sides of the photovoltaic sheet. The method for covering the end side surfaces and peripheral edges of the photovoltaic sheet is not particularly limited, and examples include a method of hemming with tape containing a sealing material, or a method of covering the sides and peripheral edges by applying a sealing material. Examples of the sealing material include vinyl acetate resin, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, epoxy resin, cyanoacrylate resin, acrylic resin, chloroprene rubber, styrene, butadiene rubber, polyurethane resin, silicone resin, and modified silicone resin.

[0017] The planar shape of the photovoltaic sheet is not particularly limited as long as it is in the form of a sheet, and examples thereof include a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, etc., which can be appropriately determined depending on the installation surface.

[0018] The photovoltaic sheet preferably has a bending strength of 10 MPa or more, more preferably 20 MPa or more, and even more preferably 50 MPa or more. Having the lower limit of the bending strength of the photovoltaic sheet within the above range can further improve handleability. Furthermore, the photovoltaic sheet preferably has a bending strength of 200 MPa or less, more preferably 150 MPa or less, and even more preferably 50 MPa or less. Having the upper limit of the bending strength of the photovoltaic sheet within the above range can further improve flexibility. The bending strength of the photovoltaic sheet can be measured by a method in accordance with JIS K7171.

[0019] The photovoltaic sheet preferably has a flexural modulus of 100 MPa or more, more preferably 500 MPa or more. Having the lower limit of the flexural modulus of the photovoltaic sheet within the above range can further improve handleability. Furthermore, the photovoltaic sheet preferably has a flexural modulus of 10,000 MPa or less, more preferably 5,000 MPa or less. Having the upper limit of the flexural modulus of the photovoltaic sheet within the above range can further improve flexibility. The flexural modulus of the photovoltaic sheet can be measured by a method in accordance with JIS K7171.

[0020] The photovoltaic sheet may be fixed directly to the installation surface, or the photovoltaic sheet may be fixed to a fiber-containing sheet or the like, and the fiber-containing sheet to which the photovoltaic sheet is fixed may be fixed to the installation surface. Examples of the fiber-containing sheet include a fiber-reinforced sheet or nonwoven fabric in which fibers made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polylactic acid, polyolefin, asphalt, silica sand, or the like are coated with a resin. Note that when the photovoltaic sheet is fixed to the installation surface via the fiber-containing sheet or the like, the fiber-containing sheet or the like is included in the photovoltaic sheet.

[0021] The direction in which the solar power generation sheet is arranged is not particularly limited as long as it is arranged so as to cross between the convex portions. If the solar power generation sheet is a long sheet, the solar power generation sheet may be arranged so that the long side is in the width direction of the installation surface as shown in Figure 1, or so that the long side is in the depth direction of the installation surface.

[0022] The photovoltaic sheet is preferably arranged so as not to come into contact with the recesses. By arranging the photovoltaic sheet so as not to come into contact with the recesses, that is, by installing the photovoltaic sheet so as to bridge the convex portions while it is stretched, deformation of the photovoltaic sheet can be further suppressed. Furthermore, the photovoltaic sheet is preferably arranged in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the convex portions when the installation surface is viewed in plan from above. Furthermore, if the photovoltaic sheet is a long sheet, the photovoltaic sheet may be arranged so that its long side is in the width direction of the installation surface, or so that its long side is in the depth direction of the installation surface.

[0023] The fixing member is not particularly limited as long as it can fix the photovoltaic sheet to the convex portion of the installation surface. For example, if the installation surface is a seam-fastened folded roof as shown in Figure 1, a fixing member that clamps or crimps the photovoltaic sheet and the seam to fix it can be used. Another example of a fixing member is a set consisting of a clip-shaped gasket that temporarily fixes the photovoltaic sheet and the seam by clamping it, and the fixing member that permanently fixes the photovoltaic sheet and the seam by clamping the gasket and the photovoltaic sheet together. If the installation surface does not have a seam on the convex portion, a rod-shaped or plate-shaped fixing device that clamps the photovoltaic sheet between the convex portion and fixes it can be used. The rod-shaped or plate-shaped fixing device may be arranged in the depth direction or width direction of the installation surface.

[0024] When the fixing member is rod-shaped or plate-shaped, the cross-sectional shape is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include U-shaped, I-shaped, C-shaped, L-shaped, circular, elliptical, and polygonal shapes.

[0025] The material of the fixing member should have sufficient rigidity to fix the photovoltaic sheet and be capable of plastic deformation, and examples thereof include metals such as steel, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, nickel alloy, copper alloy, etc.; hard plastics such as vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, acrylic, polypropylene, ABS resin, AS resin, PPS resin, etc.; rubber; ceramic; or composite materials thereof.

[0026] When the fixing member is rod-shaped or plate-shaped, the contact width of the fixing member with the photovoltaic sheet when the photovoltaic sheet is installed is preferably 10 mm or more, more preferably 15 mm or more. Having a contact area with the photovoltaic sheet in this range makes it possible to prevent the photovoltaic sheet from shifting and to fix it more firmly. Furthermore, the contact width of the fixing member with the photovoltaic sheet is preferably 100 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or less. Having a contact area with the photovoltaic sheet in this range reduces the overlap with the power generation section of the photovoltaic sheet, minimizing the impact on the amount of power generated.

[0027] The shape of the reinforcing material is not particularly limited as long as it can reinforce the installation surface, but a rod-like shape is preferable from the viewpoint of minimizing the obstruction of light incident on the photovoltaic sheet. When the reinforcing material is rod-like, the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing material (cross-section of the Y-Z plane in FIG. 1 ) is not particularly limited, and examples include a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon. When the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing material is a circle or an ellipse, the contact area when the reinforcing material contacts the photovoltaic sheet can be reduced, thereby further reducing damage to the photovoltaic sheet. When the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing material is polygonal, it becomes a component with high production stability and high versatility, thereby further reducing costs. Furthermore, when the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing material is polygonal and contacts the photovoltaic sheet, it is preferable that the corners contacting the photovoltaic sheet are chamfered to prevent damage to the photovoltaic sheet.

[0028] The material of the reinforcing material is not particularly limited as long as it has enough rigidity to reinforce the installation surface, but examples include metals such as steel, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, nickel alloy, copper alloy, etc., hard plastics such as vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, acrylic, polypropylene, ABS resin, AS resin, PPS resin, etc., rubber, ceramic, or composite materials thereof.

[0029] The arrangement of the reinforcing material is such that it does not contact the recesses and bridges at least two or more of the protrusions (above the recesses). As long as it can support the protrusions, it is not particularly limited. It may be arranged on the photovoltaic sheet, below the photovoltaic sheet, or between the photovoltaic sheets (parts where no photovoltaic sheet is installed). When the reinforcing material is arranged on the photovoltaic sheet, the flexibility of the arrangement and shape of the reinforcing material can be increased. When the reinforcing material is arranged below or between the photovoltaic sheets, it does not block the light incident on the photovoltaic sheet, thereby increasing the amount of power generation. Furthermore, arranging the reinforcing material along the edge of the photovoltaic sheet can suppress deformation of the photovoltaic sheet. Furthermore, even when the reinforcing material is arranged on the photovoltaic sheet, it is preferable that the reinforcing material not overlap with the power generation section of the photovoltaic sheet when viewed from above in order to further increase the amount of light incident on the photovoltaic sheet. Examples of positions that do not overlap with the power generating section of the photovoltaic sheet when viewed from above the photovoltaic sheet include on the periphery of the photovoltaic sheet and between the photovoltaic sheets.

[0030] When the installation surface has a gradient in the same direction as the extension direction of the recesses and protrusions, the reinforcing material is preferably arranged perpendicular to the gradient direction. By arranging the reinforcing material perpendicular to the gradient direction, that is, by arranging the reinforcing material perpendicular to the extension direction of the recesses and protrusions when the installation surface is viewed in plan from above, the direction of the wind blowing in is perpendicular to the extension direction of the reinforcing material, thereby more effectively reducing the load on the installation surface. Note that "perpendicular" here refers not only to cases where the angle between the gradient direction and the extension direction (width direction) of the reinforcing material is 90°, but also includes cases where the reinforcing material is substantially perpendicular within a certain error range.

[0031] The reinforcing material may be fixed to a convex portion of the installation surface, to the fixing member, or to the photovoltaic sheet. When the reinforcing material is fixed to a convex portion of the installation surface, the reinforcing material can be placed under the photovoltaic sheet, increasing the degree of freedom in installation location. When the reinforcing material is fixed to the fixing member or the photovoltaic sheet, there is no need to perform fixing processing on the installation surface, making installation easier. Methods for fixing the reinforcing material include, for example, welding, providing concave and convex portions on the fixing member (or convex portion) and the reinforcing material and fitting them together, connecting with screws or bolts, connecting with magnets, fixing by adhesive, and fixing by clamping.

[0032] When the reinforcing material is fixed by adhesive, the adhesive strength of the reinforcing material is preferably 0.1 N / cm or more and 100 N / cm or less. Having the adhesive strength of the reinforcing material within the above range can further prevent the reinforcing material from peeling off due to wind or vibration, and can more fully support the installation surface. The adhesive strength of the reinforcing material is more preferably 1 N / cm or more, and even more preferably 10 N / cm or more. Furthermore, the position of the reinforcing material may be adjusted depending on the installation situation. In such cases, it is preferable that the reinforcing material can be removed and re-fixed, so the adhesive strength of the reinforcing material is more preferably 50 N / cm or less, and even more preferably 30 N / cm or less.

[0033] When the reinforcing material is fixed to the peripheral edge of the photovoltaic sheet, it is preferably fixed by sandwiching the top and bottom surfaces of the photovoltaic sheet. The peripheral edge of the photovoltaic sheet is often made of a relatively soft material. Therefore, by making the cross section of the reinforcing material U-shaped or the like and sandwiching the photovoltaic sheet from above and below, the side surfaces of the photovoltaic sheet are compressed, thereby further preventing moisture penetration.

[0034] 3A to 3C are top views schematically illustrating an example of the arrangement of reinforcing members in the installation structure of a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. FIG. 3A shows the same arrangement of reinforcing members as in FIG. 1 , with the reinforcing members 4 connecting the fixing members 3 arranged so that they pass through the center of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and parallel to the extension direction. This arrangement allows a single reinforcing member to evenly reinforce the installation surface. FIG. 3B shows an example using multiple reinforcing members, with two reinforcing members 4 arranged so that they cross between the fixing members 3. The arrangement shown in FIG. 3B further enhances the reinforcing effect. FIG. 3C also shows an example using multiple reinforcing members, but with two reinforcing members arranged along both ends of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The arrangement shown in FIG. 3C makes it less likely that light will be blocked from reaching the power generation section of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and reduces deformation of the photovoltaic sheet.

[0035] 4A-4F are cross-sectional views showing examples of the shape of the reinforcing member in the installation structure of the photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. The reinforcing member 4 may have a linear structure as shown in FIG. 4A. However, to further reduce the contact area with the photovoltaic sheet 1, it may have a stepped structure as shown in FIG. 4B, a sloped structure as shown in FIG. 4C, or an arched structure as shown in FIG. 4D. Furthermore, the reinforcing member 4 does not need to be integrated with the fixing member 3 from the beginning. As shown in FIG. 4E, the photovoltaic sheet 1 may first be fixed with the fixing member 3, and then the reinforcing member 4 may be fixed and integrated with the fixing member 3 as needed. Separating the reinforcing member 4 from the fixing member 3 facilitates installation. Furthermore, the reinforcing member 4 does not necessarily need to be fixed to the fixing member 3 as long as it can support the installation surface 2 and minimize deformation during deformation of the installation surface 2. As shown in FIG. 4F, a certain gap may exist between the fixing member 3 and the reinforcing member 4. Even if the installation surface deforms, damage to the installation surface can be avoided if the deformation can be stopped in the early stages. In addition, when the reinforcing material has a structure having a portion that is not in contact with the photovoltaic sheet 1 as shown in Figures 4B to 4D, the reinforcing material may be connected to two adjacent fixing members 3 or convex portions, or may be connected to two non-adjacent fixing members 3 or convex portions.

[0036] The reinforcing material preferably has a modulus of longitudinal elasticity of 1000 MPa or more. When the modulus of longitudinal elasticity of the reinforcing material is within the above range, the reinforcing effect of the installation surface can be further enhanced. The modulus of longitudinal elasticity of the reinforcing material is more preferably 2500 MPa or more, even more preferably 5000 MPa or more, even more preferably 10 GPa or more, and extremely preferably 60 GPa or more. There is no particular upper limit for the modulus of longitudinal elasticity of the reinforcing material, and the higher the better, but the limit is about 250 GPa due to processing technology.

[0037] The reinforcing material preferably satisfies the above-mentioned Young's modulus at the highest temperature expected in the usage environment. Because photovoltaic sheets are installed outdoors, high temperatures may occur depending on the region and climate in which the sheet is installed, which may result in a decrease in the Young's modulus of the reinforcing material. Therefore, satisfying the Young's modulus at the highest temperature expected in the usage environment can further enhance the deformation suppression effect of the photovoltaic sheet. Specifically, the reinforcing material preferably satisfies the Young's modulus at 40°C, more preferably at 50°C, even more preferably at 60°C, and even more preferably at 70°C.

[0038] The thickness of the reinforcing material (the length in the vertical direction when installed) is determined appropriately depending on the material so as to have a strength sufficient to reinforce the installation surface, but is preferably 1 mm or more. Specifically, for example, if the reinforcing material is made of steel, the thickness is preferably 2 mm or more, and if it is made of an aluminum alloy, the thickness is preferably 5 mm or more. There is no particular upper limit to the thickness of the reinforcing material, but it is preferably 50 mm or less from the viewpoint of balancing reinforcing performance with cost and weight.

[0039] The difference in linear expansion coefficient between the reinforcing material and the material of the installation surface is preferably within 30%. A small difference in linear expansion coefficient between the reinforcing material and the material of the installation surface can reduce damage to the installation surface due to expansion and contraction of the reinforcing material. It is more preferable that the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the reinforcing material and the material of the installation surface is within 10%.

[0040] When the reinforcing material is placed on the photovoltaic sheet, it is preferable that the projected area of ​​the reinforcing material when the photovoltaic sheet is irradiated with light perpendicular to the reinforcing material in place is 10% or less of the area of ​​the power generation section of the photovoltaic sheet. When the reinforcing material is placed on the photovoltaic sheet, the reinforcing material blocks light entering the photovoltaic sheet, so by setting the projected area within the above range, the impact of the reinforcing material on the amount of power generated can be further reduced. It is more preferable that the projected area of ​​the reinforcing material is 5% or less of the power generation section. There is no particular lower limit for the projected area of ​​the reinforcing material, and the smaller the better, but from the perspective of the reinforcing performance of the reinforcing material, the limit is about 1%.

[0041] (Embodiment 2) Figure 5 shows a perspective view schematically illustrating another example of the installation structure of a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention, and Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating another example of the installation structure of a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. In embodiment 2, a photovoltaic sheet 1 is installed on an installation surface 2, which is a seam-fastened folded-plate roof, as in embodiment 1. Embodiment 2 of the present invention differs from embodiment 1 in that the reinforcing member 4 has a convex slope structure and is connected to the next fixing member 3 rather than the adjacent fixing member 3. In addition, by shifting the position of the reinforcing member 4 from the position of the reinforcing member 4 of the adjacent photovoltaic sheet 1, uneven loads on each seam are suppressed. The details of the photovoltaic sheet 1, installation surface 2, fixing member 3, and reinforcing member 4 of embodiment 2 are the same as those of embodiment 1 above.

[0042] (Embodiment 3) Figure 7 shows a perspective view schematically illustrating another example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention, and Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating another example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. In embodiment 3, a photovoltaic sheet is installed on an uneven installation surface that does not have a seam. In embodiment 3, the fixing member 3 is plate-shaped and is arranged along the extension direction (depth direction) of the convex portion 22 and fixed with fasteners 5. Furthermore, reinforcing members 4 are arranged under both ends of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and directly support the installation surface 2. Note that the reinforcing members 4 are fixed to the installation surface 2 with magnets. When the reinforcing members 4 are arranged on the back surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1 as in embodiment 3, the incidence of light on the photovoltaic sheet 1 is not impeded, allowing the surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to be more effectively utilized. The details of the photovoltaic sheet 1, installation surface 2, fixing members 3, and reinforcing members 4 of embodiment 3 are the same as those of embodiments 1 and 2 above. In this embodiment, the reinforcing material 4 is fixed to the installation surface 2 by magnetic force, and thereby positioned on the back surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1. However, the reinforcing material 4 may also be positioned on the back surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1 by providing a through hole in a part of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and connecting the reinforcing material 4 to the fixing member 3 through the through hole.

[0043] The fixing device is not particularly limited as long as it can fix the vibration damping material or the fixing member according to the installation structure, and examples thereof include bolts, screws, adhesives, pins, magnets, etc. Furthermore, the material of the fixing device can also be a conventionally known material, and examples thereof include metals such as iron, aluminum, stainless steel, copper alloys, aluminum alloys, and ceramics.

[0044] (Embodiment 4) Figure 9 is a perspective view showing a schematic example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention, and Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. Figures 1 and 2 show an example of a photovoltaic sheet installed on a seam-fastened folded-plate roof with a slope that descends from the upper right to the lower left of the figure. In embodiment 4, a photovoltaic sheet 1 is arranged on an installation surface 2 in which a plurality of continuous recesses 21 and protrusions 22 are arranged parallel to each other in one direction, and the photovoltaic sheet 1 is arranged so that it does not contact the recesses 21 but crosses between the protrusions 22. The photovoltaic sheet 1 is also fixed to the upper surfaces of the protrusions 22 of the installation surface by fixing members 3. Furthermore, a reinforcing member 4 (hereinafter, a reinforcing member arranged on at least one and the entirety of the end of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that crosses between the protrusions 22) that supports the photovoltaic sheet 1 is arranged on at least one and the entirety of the end of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that crosses between the protrusions 22. The photovoltaic sheet is fixed to the installation surface 2 by fixing members 5. As mentioned above, the reinforcing material may be arranged in any manner as long as it can bridge and support two or more convex portions, but by arranging the reinforcing material particularly along at least one of the ends that cross between the convex portions of the solar power generation sheet, the upward or downward movement of the end of the solar power generation sheet is restricted, thereby further reducing deformation of the solar power generation sheet due to wind and further reducing damage to the installation surface.

[0045] The deformation-inhibiting material preferably covers two surfaces (the top and side surfaces) of the end of the photovoltaic sheet where the deformation-inhibiting material is disposed, or three surfaces (the top, side, and bottom surfaces). Figures 11A-C show schematic diagrams illustrating examples of the shape of the deformation-inhibiting material. The deformation-inhibiting material shown in Figure 11A has the simplest shape, being rod-shaped or plate-shaped. The deformation-inhibiting material 4 in Figure 11A can support the end of the photovoltaic sheet 1 from above (covering the top surface of the end) or from below by supporting it from above. The deformation-inhibiting material 4 shown in Figure 11B has an L-shaped cross section at the part not in contact with the convex portion of the installation surface, and is shaped to cover not only the top surface of the end of the photovoltaic sheet 1 but also the side surface of the end. By shaping the deformation-inhibiting material 4 as shown in Figure 11B, wind blowing against the side of the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be blocked, thereby further suppressing deformation of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The deformation-inhibiting material 4 shown in Figure 11C has a U-shaped cross section at the portion not in contact with the convex portion of the installation surface, and is shaped to cover three surfaces of the photovoltaic sheet 1: the upper end, the side end, and the lower end. By shaping the deformation-inhibiting material 4 as shown in Figure 11C, it is possible to prevent wind from entering from the underside of the photovoltaic sheet 1, thereby further suppressing deformation of the photovoltaic sheet 1. Furthermore, as described above, by sandwiching and fixing the deformation-inhibiting material 4 shaped as shown in Figure 11C between the photovoltaic sheet 1, it is possible to further suppress the intrusion of moisture. Note that, from the perspective of preventing damage to the photovoltaic sheet 1, it is preferable that only the corners of the deformation-inhibiting material 4 that come into contact with the photovoltaic sheet 1 are chamfered, as shown in Figures 11A to 11C, although all corners may be chamfered.

[0046] The deformation suppression material is the same as the reinforcing material except for the parts described in embodiment 4 of the present invention. In addition, the photovoltaic sheet, the installation surface, the fixing member, and the fixing tool are the same as those in embodiments 1 and 3.

[0047] (Embodiment 5) Figure 12 is a perspective view showing a schematic representation of another example of the installation structure of the photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. Embodiment 5 is similar to embodiment 4, but differs in that the deformation suppression material 4 is connected to the fixing member 3 and is not fixed using a fastener. By using a structure in which the deformation suppression material 4 is connected to the fixing member 3, there is no need to perform fixing processing on the installation surface, making installation easier. The details of the photovoltaic sheet 1, installation surface 2, fixing member 3, and deformation suppression material 4 of embodiment 5 are the same as those of embodiments 1 and 4 above.

[0048] (Embodiment 6) Figure 13 is a perspective view showing a schematic representation of another example of the installation structure of the photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. Embodiment 6 is similar to embodiment 5, but differs in that the deformation-inhibiting member 4 is arranged so as to contact the lower part of the photovoltaic sheet, i.e., the installation surface 2, and directly support the bridging protrusions 22. By arranging the deformation-inhibiting member 4 at the lower part of the photovoltaic sheet, deformation due to wind, particularly from above, can be suppressed. The deformation-inhibiting member 4 may be fixed to any one of the photovoltaic sheet 1, the installation surface 2, and the fixing member 3, or may be fixed to multiple of these. The details of the photovoltaic sheet 1, the installation surface 2, the fixing member 3, and the deformation-inhibiting member 4 of embodiment 6 are the same as those of embodiments 1 and 4 above.

[0049] (Embodiment 7) Figure 14 is a perspective view showing a schematic representation of another example of the installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. In embodiment 7, a photovoltaic sheet 1 is installed on an installation surface 2 that is not a seam-fastened folded-plate roof. In embodiment 7 of the present invention, the fixing members 3 are plate-shaped and are arranged at both widthwise ends of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to fix the photovoltaic sheet 1. Furthermore, since the fixing members 3 are arranged at both widthwise ends of the photovoltaic sheet 1, the installation structure also functions as the deformation suppression members 4. Furthermore, the fixing members 3 / deformation suppression members 4 of embodiment 7 are structured to cover the side surfaces of the photovoltaic sheet 1 above the recesses 21. This structure can block wind blowing against the side surfaces of the photovoltaic sheet 1, more effectively suppressing deformation of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The details of the photovoltaic sheet 1, installation surface 2, fixing members 3, deformation suppression members 4, and fixing devices 5 of embodiment 7 are the same as those of embodiments 1 and 4 above.

[0050] (Embodiment 8) Figure 15 is a perspective view showing a schematic diagram of another example of the installation structure of the photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. In embodiment 8, the installation surface 2 is a folded-plate overlap type, i.e., a folded-plate roof without a seam. Embodiment 8 is the same as embodiment 7 above in that the fixing members 3 are plate-shaped, but differs in that the fixing members 3 are arranged along the extension direction (depth direction) of the convex portions 22. Furthermore, because the fixing members 3 are arranged along the extension direction of the concave portions 21, independent deformation suppression members 4 are arranged as in embodiment 4, but the deformation suppression members 4 in embodiment 8 are fixed to the fixing members by welding rather than bolts. Furthermore, the fixing members 3 are fixed to the installation surface using bolts provided to connect the overlapping folded plates that make up the installation surface 2. Fixing using such a structure provided on the installation surface eliminates the need for fixing processing on the installation surface, making installation easier. The details of the photovoltaic sheet 1, installation surface 2, fixing members 3, deformation suppression members 4, and fixing devices 5 of embodiment 8 are the same as those of embodiments 1 and 4 above.

[0051] (Installation Method) An example of the installation method for the photovoltaic sheet according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described below. First, an operator places the photovoltaic sheet parallel to the width direction of the installation surface. Next, a fixing member in the form of a hooked fastener is placed on the seam of the installation surface, and the fixing member is tightened toward the seam to secure the photovoltaic sheet. Next, the photovoltaic sheet is pulled to a taut state between the adjacent seams (a state in which the photovoltaic sheet is in contact with only the convex portions), and then the fixing member is tightened to secure the photovoltaic sheet. If the fixing member has the above-mentioned gasket, the solar panel is first sandwiched between the seams with the gasket to temporarily secure it, and then the gasket and fixing member in the form of a hooked fastener are tightened. By repeating the above steps up to the end of the photovoltaic sheet, the photovoltaic sheet is secured in place, crossing the convex portions. Finally, a reinforcing member is welded to the adjacent fixing member to complete the installation structure for the photovoltaic sheet of the present invention. If a reinforcing member is placed under the photovoltaic sheet, the reinforcing member is placed before the photovoltaic sheet is placed. Furthermore, when the fixing member and the reinforcing member are joined by welding or the like, the reinforcing member and the fixing member may be joined in advance before the photovoltaic sheet is fixed.

[0052] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Photovoltaic power generation sheet 2 Installation surface 21 Concave portion 22 Convex portion 3 Fixing member 4 Reinforcing material (deformation suppressing material) 5 Fixing tool

Claims

1. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure comprising: an installation surface having one or more recessed portions and two or more protruding portions, with the recessed portions and the protruding portions arranged so as to be parallel to one another; a photovoltaic sheet arranged so as to cross between the protruding portions; a fixing member for fixing the photovoltaic sheet to the protruding portions; and a reinforcing member for bridging at least two of the protruding portions and directly or indirectly supporting the bridged protruding portions.

2. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing material does not overlap with the power generating portion of the photovoltaic sheet when viewed in a plan view from above the photovoltaic sheet.

3. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcing material is placed under the photovoltaic sheet.

4. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reinforcing material supports at least one and the entire end of the photovoltaic sheet that crosses between the convex portions.

5. The solar power generation sheet installation structure described in claim 4, characterized in that the reinforcing material covers two surfaces, the top surface and the side surface of the end of the solar power generation sheet at the end where the reinforcing material is arranged, or three surfaces, the top surface, the side surface and the bottom surface of the end.

6. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the installation surface has a slope, and the direction of the slope is parallel to the extension direction of the recesses and protrusions.

7. The solar panel installation structure according to claim 6, wherein the reinforcing material is arranged perpendicular to the gradient direction.

8. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the reinforcing material has a modulus of longitudinal elasticity of 1000 MPa or more.

9. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the reinforcing material has a thickness of 1 mm or more and 50 mm or less.

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