Composition, optical film, polarizing plate, and image display device

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a composition with which it is possible to produce a cured layer having suppressed surface unevenness and excellent adhesion to an adjacent layer. This composition contains a polymerizable compound, a solvent, a surfactant A having a silicon atom, and a surfactant B having a silicon atom. The air-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SA of the surfactant A is greater than the air-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SB of the surfactant B.

Description

Composition, optical film, polarizing plate and image display device

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition, an optical film, a polarizing plate, and an image display device.

[0002] Optical films such as optical compensation sheets and retardation films are used in various image display devices to eliminate image coloration or widen the viewing angle. Stretched birefringent films have been used as optical films, but in recent years, the use of optical films having a liquid crystal cured layer has been proposed instead of stretched birefringent films.

[0003] As such a cured liquid crystal layer, for example, Patent Document 1 describes a liquid crystal layer obtained by curing a composition containing a polymer having a mesogen group in a branched structure and a polymerizable liquid crystal compound (see, for example, [Claim 1], [Claim 8], [Claim 9], [Claim 11], etc.).

[0004] International Publication No. 2016 / 009648

[0005] Recently, due to their persistent decomposition and toxicity, etc., the regulation of PFAS (perfluoroalkyl compounds and polyfluoroalkyl compounds) has been promoted, and the use of surfactant substitutes that do not use fluorine atoms, typically substitute materials that have silicon atoms, has been studied.The present inventors have studied the cured layer made using the composition described in Patent Document 1, and have found that depending on the structure of the surfactant, surface unevenness may occur in the cured layer, or the cured layer may have poor adhesion to the adjacent layer adjacent to the cured layer, and it is difficult to achieve both the suppression of surface unevenness and good adhesion to the adjacent layer.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a composition that can produce a cured layer that suppresses surface unevenness and has excellent adhesion to adjacent layers, as well as an optical film, a polarizing plate, and an image display device.

[0007] As a result of extensive research into achieving the above object, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by the following configuration.

[0008] [1] A composition comprising a polymerizable compound, a solvent, a silicon-containing surfactant A, and a silicon-containing surfactant B, wherein the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SA of surfactant A is greater than the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SB of surfactant B. [2] The composition according to [1], wherein, when the surface free energy of cured product A is EA mN / m and the surface free energy of cured product B is EB mN / m, the relationship of formula (I) described below is satisfied, and when the content of surfactant A relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound in the composition is a part by mass, and the content of surfactant B relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound in the composition is b parts by mass, the relationships of formula (II), formula (III), and formula (IV) described below are satisfied. [3] The composition according to [2], wherein, when the surface free energy of cured product A is EA mN / m and the surface free energy of cured product B is EB mN / m, the relationship of formula (Ia) described below is satisfied. [4] The composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SA is 1,000 to 2,300 and the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SB is 300 to 800. [5] The composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the surfactant A has a group represented by formula (S1) described below, and the surfactant B has a group represented by formula (S2) described below. [6] The composition according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the surface tension is 20.0 to 23.4 mN / m. [7] The composition according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the surfactant A and the surfactant B have a repeating unit represented by formula (X) described below. [8] The composition according to [7], wherein the surfactant A and the surfactant B are copolymers further having a repeating unit B containing a polymerizable group. [9] The composition according to [8], wherein the polymerizable group is an acryloyloxy group.

[10] The composition according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the polymerizable compound includes a polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

[11] An optical film having a liquid crystal cured layer obtained by fixing the alignment state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the composition according to

[10] .

[12] An image display device having the optical film according to

[11] .

[13] An optical film having a substrate and a cured layer, wherein the cured layer comprises a cured product of a polymerizable compound, a silicon-containing surfactant A, and a silicon-containing surfactant B, wherein the surfactant A has a saturated adsorption amount SA at the gas-liquid interface greater than the saturated adsorption amount SB at the gas-liquid interface of the surfactant B, and wherein, when a component analysis is performed on a surface of the cured layer opposite the substrate using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, the secondary ion intensity A derived from the surfactant A is 0.001 or more and the secondary ion intensity B derived from the surfactant B is 0.001 or more.

[14] The optical film according to

[13] , wherein the secondary ion intensity A is 0.01 or more and the secondary ion intensity B is 0.01 or more.

[15] The optical film according to

[13] or

[14] , wherein the surface of the cured layer opposite the substrate has an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 0.45 to 1.00 nm.

[16] The optical film according to any one of

[13] to

[15] , wherein the surface of the cured layer opposite to the substrate has a surface free energy of 22.0 to 25.0 mN / m.

[17] A polarizing plate comprising the optical film according to any one of

[13] to

[16] and a polarizer.

[18] An image display device comprising the optical film according to any one of

[13] to

[16] .

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a composition, an optical film, a polarizing plate, and an image display device that can produce a cured layer that suppresses surface unevenness and has excellent adhesion to adjacent layers.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a graph for explaining a method for calculating the saturated adsorption amount SA at the gas-liquid interface, and is a diagram showing the relationship between the surface tension (Y) of a liquid crystal composition and the natural logarithm of the molar concentration (X) of surfactant A relative to the solvent contained in the liquid crystal composition.

[0011] The present invention will be described in detail below. The following description of the constituent elements may be based on a representative embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. In this specification, a numerical range expressed using "to" means a range that includes the numerical values ​​before and after "to" as the upper and lower limits. In this specification, the upper or lower limit of a numerical range described in a stepwise manner may be replaced with the upper or lower limit of another stepwise manner. In this specification, the upper or lower limit of a numerical range described in a stepwise manner may be replaced with a value shown in the Examples. In this specification, each component may be a single substance corresponding to the component, or two or more substances may be used in combination. When two or more substances are used in combination for each component, the content of that component refers to the total content of the substances used in combination, unless otherwise specified. In this specification, "(meth)acrylic" represents "acrylic" or "methacrylic," and "(meth)acryloyl" represents "acryloyl" or "methacryloyl." In addition, the bonding direction of the divalent group (for example, —O—CO—) described in this specification is not particularly limited. １ -L ２ -L ３ In the bond ２ When is —O—CO—, L １ The position where it is bonded to the side is *1, L ３ If the position bonded to the side is *2, then L ２ may be *1-O-CO-*2 or *1-CO-O-*2.

[0012] In this specification, Re(λ) and Rth(λ) represent the in-plane retardation and the thickness direction retardation, respectively, at a wavelength λ. Unless otherwise specified, the wavelength λ is 550 nm. In this specification, Re(λ) and Rth(λ) are values ​​measured at a wavelength λ using an AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by OptoScience). Specifically, by inputting the average refractive index ((nx+ny+nz) / 3) and film thickness (d) into the AxoScan OPMF-1, the following slow axis direction (°) is calculated: Re(λ) = R0(λ) Rth(λ) = ((nx+ny) / 2-nz)×d. Although R0(λ) is displayed as a numerical value calculated by the AxoScan OPMF-1, it means Re(λ).

[0013] In this specification, examples of the substituent (monovalent substituent) include the substituents described below in Substituent Group A. In this specification, the phrase "optionally having a substituent" includes not only an embodiment in which no substituent is present, but also an embodiment in which one or more substituents are present.

[0014] <Substituent Group A> Examples of the substituent include halogen atoms (for example, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, and bromine atoms, preferably chlorine atoms and fluorine atoms, and more preferably fluorine atoms); alkyl groups (preferably alkyl groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, such as linear alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (for example, methyl groups, ethyl groups, n-propyl groups, n-butyl groups, n-pentyl groups, and n-hexyl groups), branched alkyl groups having 3 to 6 carbon atoms (for example, isopropyl groups, isobutyl groups, tert-butyl groups, sec-butyl groups, neopentyl groups, isohexyl groups, and 3-methylpentyl groups), and cyclic alkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms (for example, cyclopropyl groups, cyclopentyl groups, cyclohexyl groups, 1-norbornyl groups, and 1-adamantyl groups)); alkenyl groups (preferably alkenyl groups having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 18 carbon atoms, such as vinyl groups, allyl groups, 1-butenyl groups, and 2-butenyl groups); alkynyl groups (preferably alkynyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as ethynyl groups, 1-propynyl groups, propargyl groups, 1-butynyl groups, and 2-butynyl groups); aryl groups (preferably aryl groups having 6 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 24 carbon atoms, such as phenyl groups, oligoaryl groups (naphthyl groups, anthryl groups), phenanthrenyl groups, fluorenyl groups, pyrenyl groups, triphenylenyl groups, and biphenyl groups); heteroaryl groups (preferably heterocyclic groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as a 2-thienyl group, a 4-pyridyl group, a 2-furyl group, a 2-pyrimidinyl group, a 1-pyridyl group, a 2-benzothiazolyl group, a 1-imidazolyl group, a 1-pyrazolyl group, or a benzotriazol-1-yl group); arylalkyl groups (preferably arylalkyl groups having 7 to 15 carbon atoms, such as a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, a methylbenzyl group, a phenylpropyl group, a 1-methylphenylethyl group, a phenylbutyl group, a 2-methylphenylpropyl group, a tetrahydronaphthyl group, a naphthylmethyl group, a naphthylethyl group, an indenyl group, a fluorenyl group, an anthracenylmethyl group (anthrylmethyl group), or a phenanthrenylmethyl group (phenanthrylmethyl group));silyl groups (preferably silyl groups having 3 to 38 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, tributylsilyl group, t-butyldimethylsilyl group, t-hexyldimethylsilyl group); hydroxy groups; cyano groups; nitro groups; morpholino groups; alkoxy groups (preferably alkoxy groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, methoxy group, ethoxy group, 1-butoxy group, 2-butoxy group, isopropoxy group, t-butoxy group, dodecyloxy group, cycloalkyloxy groups (for example, cyclopentyloxy group, cyclohexyloxy group)); aryloxy groups (preferably aryloxy groups having 6 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, phenoxy group, 1-naphthoxy group); alkenyloxy groups (preferably alkenyloxy groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, vinyloxy group, 1-propenyloxy group, 2-n-propenyloxy group (allyloxy group), 1-n-butenyloxy group, prenyloxy group); heterocyclic oxy groups (preferably heterocyclic oxy groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, 1-phenyltetrazole-5-oxy group, 2-tetrahydropyranyloxy group); silyloxy groups (preferably silyloxy groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, trimethylsilyloxy group, t-butyldimethylsilyloxy group, diphenylmethylsilyloxy group); acyloxy groups (preferably acyloxy groups having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, acetoxy group, pivaloyloxy group, benzoyloxy group, dodecanoyloxy group, acryloyloxy group, methacryloyloxy group); hydroxyalkyleneoxy groups (preferably hydroxyalkyleneoxy groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a hydroxyethyleneoxy group); alkoxycarbonyloxy groups (preferably alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms, such as an ethoxycarbonyloxy group, a t-butoxycarbonyloxy group, or a cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy group (such as a cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxy group));an aryloxycarbonyloxy group (preferably an aryloxycarbonyloxy group having 7 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryloxycarbonyloxy group having 7 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a phenoxycarbonyloxy group); a carbamoyloxy group (preferably a carbamoyloxy group having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably a carbamoyloxy group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy group, an N-butylcarbamoyloxy group, an N-phenylcarbamoyloxy group, or an N-ethyl-N-phenylcarbamoyloxy group); a sulfamoyloxy group (preferably a sulfamoyloxy group having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably a sulfamoyloxy group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, an N,N-diethylsulfamoyloxy group, or an N-propylsulfamoyloxy group); an alkylsulfonyloxy group (preferably an alkylsulfonyloxy group having 1 to 38 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkylsulfonyloxy group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a methylsulfonyloxy group, a hexadecylsulfonyloxy group, or a cyclohexylsulfonyloxy group); an arylsulfonyloxy group (preferably an arylsulfonyloxy group having 6 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 24 carbon atoms, such as a phenylsulfonyloxy group); an acyl group (preferably an acyl group having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, such as a formyl group, acetyl group, acryloyl group, methacryloyl group, pivaloyl group, benzoyl group, tetradecanoyl group, or cyclohexanoyl group); an alkoxycarbonyl group (preferably an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms, such as a methoxycarbonyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, octadecyloxycarbonyl group, cyclohexyloxycarbonyl group, or 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylcyclohexyloxycarbonyl group); an aryloxycarbonyl group (preferably an aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 7 to 24 carbon atoms, such as a phenoxycarbonyl group);carbamoyl groups (preferably carbamoyl groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a carbamoyl group, an N,N-diethylcarbamoyl group, an N-ethyl-N-octylcarbamoyl group, an N,N-dibutylcarbamoyl group, an N-propylcarbamoyl group, an N-phenylcarbamoyl group, an N-methyl-N-phenylcarbamoyl group, or an N,N-dicyclohexylcarbamoyl group); amino groups (preferably amino groups having 32 or less carbon atoms, more preferably 24 or less carbon atoms, for example, an amino group, a methylamino group, an N,N-dimethylamino group, an N,N-dibutylamino group, a tetradecylamino group, a 2-ethylhexylamino group, or a cyclohexylamino group); anilino groups (preferably an anilino group having 6 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, an anilino group, or an N-methylanilino group); heterocyclic amino groups (preferably heterocyclic amino groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, a 4-pyridylamino group); carbonamido groups (preferably carbonamido groups having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, an acetamido group, a benzamido group, a tetradecanamido group, a pivaloylamido group, a cyclohexanamido group); ureido groups (preferably ureido groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a ureido group, an N,N-dimethylureido group, an N-phenylureido group); imido groups (preferably imido groups having 36 or less carbon atoms, more preferably 24 or less carbon atoms, for example, an N-succinimido group, an N-phthalimido group); an alkoxycarbonylamino group (preferably an alkoxycarbonylamino group having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a methoxycarbonylamino group, an ethoxycarbonylamino group, a t-butoxycarbonylamino group, an octadecyloxycarbonylamino group, or a cyclohexyloxycarbonylamino group); an aryloxycarbonylamino group (preferably an aryloxycarbonylamino group having 7 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 7 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a phenoxycarbonylamino group);sulfonamido groups (preferably sulfonamido groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, methanesulfonamido groups, butanesulfonamido groups, benzenesulfonamido groups, hexadecanesulfonamido groups, and cyclohexanesulfonamido groups); sulfamoylamino groups (preferably sulfamoylamino groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, N,N-dipropylsulfamoylamino groups, and N-ethyl-N-dodecylsulfamoylamino groups); azo groups (preferably azo groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, phenylazo groups and 3-pyrazolylazo groups); alkylthio groups (preferably alkylthio groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, methylthio groups, ethylthio groups, octylthio groups, and cyclohexylthio groups); an arylthio group (preferably an arylthio group having 6 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably an arylthio group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a phenylthio group); a heterocyclic thio group (preferably a heterocyclic thio group having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably a heterocyclic thio group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, a 2-benzothiazolylthio group, a 2-pyridylthio group, or a 1-phenyltetrazolylthio group); an alkylsulfinyl group (preferably an alkylsulfinyl group having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkylsulfinyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a dodecanesulfinyl group); an arylsulfinyl group (preferably an arylsulfinyl group having 6 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably an arylsulfinyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a phenylsulfinyl group); alkylsulfonyl groups (preferably alkylsulfonyl groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, propylsulfonyl, butylsulfonyl, isopropylsulfonyl, 2-ethylhexylsulfonyl, hexadecylsulfonyl, octylsulfonyl, and cyclohexylsulfonyl groups); arylsulfonyl groups (preferably arylsulfonyl groups having 6 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, phenylsulfonyl, and 1-naphthylsulfonyl groups);sulfamoyl groups (preferably sulfamoyl groups having 32 or less carbon atoms, more preferably 24 or less carbon atoms, for example, a sulfamoyl group, an N,N-dipropylsulfamoyl group, an N-ethyl-N-dodecylsulfamoyl group, an N-ethyl-N-phenylsulfamoyl group, an N-cyclohexylsulfamoyl group, or an N-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfamoyl group); phosphonyl groups (preferably phosphonyl groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a phenoxyphosphonyl group, an octyloxyphosphonyl group, or a phenylphosphonyl group); phosphinoylamino groups (preferably phosphinoylamino groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a diethoxyphosphinoylamino group, or a dioctyloxyphosphinoylamino group); epoxy groups; —NHCOCH; ３ ;-SO ２ NHC ２ H ４ OCH ３ ;-NHSO ２ CH ３ and the like, and two or more of these may be combined. These substituents may be further substituted with other substituents. When two or more substituents are present, they may be the same or different. If possible, they may be bonded to each other to form a ring.

[0015] [Composition] The composition of the present invention contains a polymerizable compound, a solvent, a surfactant A having a silicon atom (hereinafter also referred to as "surfactant A"), and a surfactant B having a silicon atom (hereinafter also referred to as "surfactant B"). The gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SA of surfactant A is greater than the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SB of surfactant B. Hereinafter, surfactant A and surfactant B are collectively referred to as "silicon-based surfactants."

[0016] In the present invention, as described above, by using surfactants A and B, etc., surface unevenness can be suppressed and a cured layer with excellent adhesion to adjacent layers can be produced. The reasons for these effects are not fully understood, but the inventors speculate as follows: In a coating film formed by applying the composition, surfactant A, which has a high gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount, is more strongly concentrated toward the air interface side (the side where the adjacent layer will be formed later) than surfactant B, thereby suppressing surface unevenness. Furthermore, in a cured layer formed by curing a subsequent coating film, such surfactant A is likely to aggregate during the curing process, resulting in regions on the surface of the cured layer where surfactant A is absent, which can result in poor adhesion to adjacent layers. On the other hand, surfactant B is concentrated in regions where surfactant A is absent, thereby suppressing a decrease in adhesion, and is therefore presumed to have excellent adhesion to adjacent layers. As described above, surfactants A and B are believed to produce the desired effects. Hereinafter, the reason why the surface unevenness of the cured layer produced using the composition is further suppressed and the adhesion between the cured layer and the adjacent layer is further improved is also referred to as "the reason why the effects of the present invention are superior."

[0017] [Gas-Liquid Interface Saturation Adsorption Amount] The composition contains surfactant A and surfactant B, and the gas-liquid interface saturation adsorption amount SA of surfactant A is greater than the gas-liquid interface saturation adsorption amount SB of surfactant B. When the composition contains three or more silicon atom-containing surfactants, the gas-liquid interface saturation adsorption amounts of surfactant a, which has the highest silicon atom content in the composition, and surfactant b, which has the next highest silicon atom content, are compared to determine whether they correspond to surfactant A and surfactant B. In other words, of surfactant a and surfactant b, the one with the larger gas-liquid interface saturation adsorption amount is determined to be surfactant A, and the one with the smaller gas-liquid interface saturation adsorption amount is determined to be surfactant B. Furthermore, when the maximum content of two or more surfactants containing three or more silicon atoms is the same, the gas-liquid interface saturation adsorption amounts of any two of the surfactants with the highest content are compared to determine whether they correspond to surfactant A and surfactant B.

[0018] The saturated adsorption amount SA at the gas-liquid interface is a value calculated using the following procedure and method. The saturated adsorption amount SB at the gas-liquid interface can be calculated using the same procedure as described below, except that surfactant B is used instead of surfactant A. First, each sample is prepared by blending the surfactant A to be calculated in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 parts by mass in increments of 0.01 parts by mass with the composition for measuring the saturated adsorption amount at the gas-liquid interface described below (hereinafter also referred to as the "liquid crystal composition" in this paragraph and Figure 1). Next, 50 mL of each prepared sample is taken, and the surface tension is measured three times using the Wilhelmy method at 25°C and 60% RH (relative humidity). Specifically, the surface tension is measured using a CBVP-A3 automatic surface tensiometer manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd., using a platinum plate as a probe according to the Wilhelmy method. The arithmetic mean of the three measurements is used as the surface tension (Y) of the liquid crystal composition. Next, as shown in Figure 1, a graph is created in which the surface tension (Y) of the liquid crystal composition used in each sample is plotted against the natural logarithm (lnX) of the molar concentration (X) of surfactant A relative to acetone (solvent). Next, the saturated adsorption amount SA(A) at the gas-liquid interface is calculated from the linear region (i.e., the following formula representing the dashed line in Figure 1) in which the gradient of the natural logarithm (lnX) versus surface tension (Y) is minimum within the range below the natural logarithm (lnXc) corresponding to the lower limit (Yc) of surface tension (Y): Y = (-A / RT)lnX + B, where R is 8.314, T is 298.15, and B is an arbitrary constant.

[0019] Composition for measuring saturated adsorption amount at the gas-liquid interface ------------------------------------------------ Liquid crystal compound R (listed below) 100.0 parts by mass Acetone (solvent) 426.0 parts by mass ----------------------------------------------------------------

[0020] The liquid crystal compound R is a mixture of the liquid crystal compound RA, the liquid crystal compound RB, and the liquid crystal compound RC in a mass ratio of 83:15:2, respectively, and Me in the formulas of the liquid crystal compound RB and the liquid crystal compound RC represents a methyl group.

[0021]

[0022] In the present invention, the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SA is preferably 500 to 3,000, and more preferably 1,000 to 2,300 because the effects of the present invention are better. The gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SB is preferably 100 to 1,500, and more preferably 300 to 800 because the adhesion to adjacent layers is better. The value obtained by subtracting the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SB from the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SA (gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SA - gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SB) is greater than 0, and is preferably 300 or more, more preferably 500 or more, and even more preferably 1,000 or more. The upper limit is preferably 3,000 or less, and more preferably 2,000 or less.

[0023] The silicon-based surfactant, polymerizable compound, solvent, and optional components contained in the composition of the present invention will be described below.

[0024] [Silicon-Based Surfactant] The composition contains silicon-based surfactants (surfactant A and surfactant B). The silicon-based surfactant may be a polymeric compound having a repeating unit in its chemical structure, or a low-molecular-weight compound having no repeating units in its chemical structure. The silicon atom content (mass%) of the silicon-based surfactant is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 30 mass% and more preferably 10 to 20 mass% relative to the mass of the silicon-based surfactant. When the silicon-based surfactant has a repeating unit X described below, the silicon atom content can be calculated using the following formula: Silicon atom content (mass%) = n(Si) x 28.1 / M(Si) x R(Si), where n(Si): number of silicon atoms per repeating unit, 28.1: atomic weight of silicon atom, M(Si): molecular weight of repeating unit having silicon atom, and R(Si): content (mass%) of repeating unit having silicon atom in surfactant A or surfactant B.

[0025] The silicon-based surfactant preferably has a group represented by formula (S): *—Si—(R ＳＩ ) ３ (S) In formula (S), * represents a bonding position, and R ＳＩ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylenearyl group.

[0026] R ＳＩ Examples of the alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, and alkylenearyl group represented by one embodiment of the formula (I) include R Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５ Examples of the alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group and alkylenearyl group represented by the above embodiment include:

[0027] In the present invention, for reasons that the effects of the present invention are more excellent, it is preferable that the silicon-based surfactant has a group represented by any one of formulas (S1) to (S4), and it is more preferable that surfactant A has a group represented by formula (S1) and surfactant B has a group represented by formula (S2).

[0028]

[0029] In formula (S1), * represents a bonding position, and n represents an integer of 2 to 140. Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylenearyl group. Ｓ１ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ２ may be the same or different. In formula (S2), * represents a bonding position. Ｓ６ ~R Ｓ９ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylenearyl group. Ｓ６ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ７ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ８may be the same or different. m1 represents 2 or 3, m2 represents 0 or 1, and m1 + m2 is 3. In formula (S3), * represents a bonding position. R Ｓ１０ ~R Ｓ１２ R each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylenearyl group. Ｓ１３ and R Ｓ１４ each independently represents * (bonding position) or a hydrogen atom. In formula (S4), * represents a bonding position. R Ｓ１５ ~R Ｓ１８ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylenearyl group. Ｓ１５ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ１６ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ１７ may be the same or different. n1 represents 2 or 3, n2 represents 0 or 1, and n1+n2 is 3.

[0030] n represents an integer of 2 to 140, preferably an integer of 11 to 130, more preferably an integer of 15 to 70, and even more preferably an integer of 15 to 65.

[0031] R Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５ Examples of the alkyl group represented by one embodiment of R include a linear alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferred. Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５ Examples of the alkenyl group represented by one embodiment of R include linear alkenyl groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and branched or cyclic alkenyl groups having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and linear alkenyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms are preferred. Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５ Examples of the aryl group represented by one embodiment of R include aryl groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and a phenyl group, an α-methylphenyl group, or a naphthyl group is preferred, with a phenyl group being more preferred. Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ４R is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and even more preferably a methyl group. Ｓ５ R is preferably a linear alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably a propyl group or a butyl group, and even more preferably a butyl group. Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５ Examples of the alkylenearyl group represented by one embodiment of the formula (1) include alkylenearyl groups having 7 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0032] R Ｓ６ ~R Ｓ９ Examples of the alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, and alkylenearyl group represented by one embodiment of the formula (I) include R Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５ Examples of the alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, and alkylenearyl group represented by one embodiment of R Ｓ６ ~R Ｓ９ As the alkyl group, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferred, a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferred, and a methyl group is even more preferred.

[0033] It is preferred that m1 represents 2 or 3, m2 represents 0 or 1, m1+m2 is 3, m1 represents 3, m2 represents 0, and m1+m2 is 3.

[0034] R Ｓ１０ ~R Ｓ１２ Examples of the alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, and alkylenearyl group represented by one embodiment of the formula (I) include R Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５ Examples of the alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, and alkylenearyl group represented by one embodiment of R Ｓ１０ ~R Ｓ１２ As the alkyl group, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferred, a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferred, and a methyl group is even more preferred.

[0035] R Ｓ１５ ~R Ｓ１８ Examples of the alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, and alkylenearyl group represented by one embodiment of the formula (I) include R Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５Examples of the alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, and alkylenearyl group represented by one embodiment of R Ｓ１５ ~R Ｓ１８ As the alkyl group, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferred, a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferred, and a methyl group is even more preferred.

[0036] It is preferred that n1 represents 2 or 3, n2 represents 0 or 1, n1+n2 is 3, n1 represents 3, n2 represents 0, and n1+n2 is 3.

[0037] In the present invention, because the effect of the present invention can be easily achieved, it is preferred that the silicon-based surfactant has a repeating unit that contains a group represented by the above formula (S1) or a group represented by the formula (S2) in its side chain.Here, the structure of the main chain of the repeating unit is not particularly limited, and can be any known structure, and is preferably a structure selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic, styrene, siloxane, cycloolefin, methylpentene, amide and aromatic ester, more preferably a structure selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic, siloxane and cycloolefin, and even more preferably a (meth)acrylic structure.

[0038] <Repeating Unit X> In the present invention, the silicon-based surfactant preferably has a repeating unit X having a group represented by any one of formulas (S1) to (S4), and more preferably has a repeating unit represented by formula (X), because the effects of the present invention are particularly excellent.

[0039]

[0040] In formula (X), R Ｘ１ and R Ｘ２ R each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. Ｘ３ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Ｘ１ is —O—, —S— or —NR Ｘ４ represents -, and R Ｘ４ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Ｘ２represents a single bond or a divalent linking group. Rh represents a substituent (hereinafter also referred to as "substituent Rh") having one or more groups selected from the groups represented by any one of formulas (S1) to (S4) above.

[0041] R Ｘ１ and R Ｘ２ Examples of the alkyl group represented by one embodiment of R include a linear alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and even more preferably a methyl group. Ｘ１ and R Ｘ２ is preferably a hydrogen atom.

[0042] R Ｘ３ Examples of the substituent represented by one embodiment of R include the substituents described in the above-mentioned Substituent Group A, and an alkyl group is preferable, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferable, a methyl group or an ethyl group is further preferable, and a methyl group is particularly preferable. Ｘ３ is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

[0043] L Ｘ１ is —O— or —NR Ｘ４ - is preferred, -O- or -NH- is more preferred, and -O- is even more preferred. Ｘ４ Examples of the substituent represented by one embodiment of the formula (I) include the substituents described in the above-mentioned Substituent Group A, and an alkyl group is preferable, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferable, a methyl group or an ethyl group is still more preferable, and a methyl group is particularly preferable.

[0044] L Ｘ２ Examples of the divalent linking group represented by one embodiment of the formula (1) include a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. The divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. In addition, -CH ２One or more of the - may be independently substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of -O-, -S-, -CO-, and -N(Q)-. The substitution with these groups may not be limited to two or more -CH ２ - may be substituted. Q represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. L Ｘ２ is preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or *-(L-O)q-*. * represents a bonding position. q represents an integer of 1 to 8. L represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. When q is an integer of 2 to 8, the multiple Ls may be the same or different.

[0045] Also, L Ｘ２ In the divalent linking group represented by one embodiment of the formula (I), examples of the substituent that the divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may have, and examples of the substituent represented by one embodiment of Q, include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, an amino group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, an aryl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkylcarbonyl group, or a sulfonyl group is preferred.

[0046] The substituent Rh is a substituent having one or more groups selected from the groups represented by any one of the above formulas (S1) to (S4). In other words, the substituent Rh is a substituent having at least one group represented by any one of the groups represented by formulas (S1) to (S4). As the substituent Rh, a substituent having one or more groups selected from the group represented by formula (S1) and the group represented by formula (S2) is preferred. Furthermore, as the substituent Rh, a group represented by formula (R-1) is preferred.

[0047] *-L Ｘ３ - (R Ｓ ) mx (R-1)

[0048] In formula (R-1), * represents L in formula (X). Ｘ２ mx represents an integer of 1 to 4. When mx is an integer of 2 to 4, multiple R Ｓmay be the same or different. Ｘ３ represents a linking group having a valence of mx+1. However, when mx is 1, L Ｘ３ may be a single bond. Ｓ represents a group represented by any one of the above formulas (S1) to (S4).

[0049] mx is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2, and even more preferably 1.

[0050] L Ｘ３ Examples of the mx+1-valent linking group represented by one embodiment of the formula (1) include an mx+1-valent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, in which some of the carbon atoms constituting the hydrocarbon group may be substituted with heteroatoms. Examples of the substituent which the hydrocarbon group may have include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, with an alkyl group being preferred, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms being more preferred, and a methyl group or an ethyl group being even more preferred. Examples of the heteroatom which may substitute some of the carbon atoms include a silicon atom, an oxygen atom, and a nitrogen atom.

[0051] L Ｘ３ When mx is 1, a single bond is preferable, when mx is 2, a trivalent linking group represented by the formula K-1-L is preferable, and when mx is 3, a tetravalent linking group represented by the formula K-2-L is preferable. In the following formulas, * represents L in the above formula (X). Ｘ２ ** represents the bonding position with * in any of formulas (S1) to (S4).

[0052]

[0053] R Ｓ is preferably a group represented by the above formula (S1) or a group represented by the above formula (S2).

[0054] Examples of the repeating unit X include the repeating units shown below (for the monomers represented by K-1 to K-34 below, this refers to the repeating unit corresponding to each monomer). In the repeating units shown below, n is the same as n in formula (S1) above, and the repeating units shown below are considered to be exemplified by the integers that n takes.

[0055]

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] When the silicon-based surfactant has a repeating unit X, it may have one type of repeating unit X alone or two or more types of repeating unit X. The content of repeating unit X is preferably 30 to 100 mass%, more preferably 40 to 80 mass%, and even more preferably 45 to 75 mass%, based on all repeating units (100 mass%) constituting the main chain of the silicon-based surfactant.

[0059] <Repeating Unit B> In the present invention, the silicon-based surfactant preferably contains a repeating unit B containing a polymerizable group in addition to the repeating unit X described above, for the reason that adhesion to adjacent layers is improved.

[0060] The polymerizable group contained in the repeating unit B is not particularly limited, but is preferably a radically polymerizable group (radical polymerizable group) or a cationically polymerizable group (cationically polymerizable group). Examples of the radically polymerizable group include known radically polymerizable groups, with an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group being preferred. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of improving the adhesive strength with adjacent layers, the polymerizable group is more preferably an acryloyloxy group. Examples of the cationically polymerizable group include known cationically polymerizable groups, with an alicyclic ether group, a cyclic acetal group, a cyclic lactone group, a cyclic thioether group, a spiro orthoester group, or a vinyloxy group being preferred, an alicyclic ether group or a vinyloxy group being more preferred, and an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, or a vinyloxy group being even more preferred. The polymerizable group is also preferably a polymerizable group represented by any of formulas (P-1) to (P-20). In the following formulae, * indicates a bonding position.

[0061]

[0062] The number of polymerizable groups contained in the repeating unit B is 1 or more, preferably 1 to 3, and more preferably 1 or 2.

[0063] The repeating unit B is preferably a repeating unit represented by formula (B) because it has better compatibility with the polymerizable compound described below.

[0064]

[0065] In formula (B), R Ｂ１ and R Ｂ２ R each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. Ｂ３ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Ｂ１ is —O—, —S— or —NR Ｂ４ represents -, and R Ｂ４ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Ｂ２ represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, and P represents a polymerizable group represented by any one of the above formulae (P-1) to (P-20).

[0066] R in formula (B) Ｂ１ , RＢ２ , R Ｂ３ , L Ｂ１ and L Ｂ２ are R in the above formula (X), Ｘ１ , R Ｘ２ , R Ｘ３ , L Ｘ１ and L Ｘ２ P is preferably a polymerizable group represented by the above formula (P-1) or (P-2), more preferably a polymerizable group represented by the above formula (P-1).

[0067] Specific examples of the repeating unit B include the repeating units shown below: In the repeating units shown below, n represents an integer of 1 or more (for example, an integer of 1 to 6).

[0068]

[0069] When the silicon-based surfactant has repeating unit B, it may have one type of repeating unit B alone or two or more types of repeating unit B. The content of repeating unit B is preferably 1 to 60 mass%, more preferably 10 to 50 mass%, and even more preferably 20 to 40 mass%, based on all repeating units (100 mass%) constituting the main chain of the silicon-based surfactant.

[0070] <Repeating Unit C> In the present invention, for the reason that the effects of the present invention are more excellent, it is preferable that the silicon-based surfactant has a repeating unit C containing a mesogen group in addition to the above-mentioned repeating unit X, or in addition to the above-mentioned repeating unit X and repeating unit B. For the reason that adhesion to adjacent layers is improved, the repeating unit C preferably has, together with the mesogen group, a functional group capable of forming a covalent complex with a hydroxyl group, and more preferably has a boronic acid group or a boronic ester group.

[0071] Known mesogenic groups can be used as the mesogenic group. For example, see "Flussige Kristalle in Tabellen II" (VEB Deutsche Verlag fur Grundstoff Industrie, Leipzig, published in 1984), particularly pages 7 to 16, and "Liquid Crystal Handbook" edited by the Liquid Crystal Handbook Editorial Committee (Maruzen, published in 2000), particularly Chapter 3. The mesogenic group is preferably a group having at least one ring structure selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon group, a heterocyclic group, and an alicyclic group. The mesogenic group is preferably a group having an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an alicyclic group, which may have a substituent; more preferably a group having 2 to 4 aromatic hydrocarbon groups, which may have a substituent; and even more preferably a group having 2 to 3 aromatic hydrocarbon groups, which may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkyl ester group, or an acetyl group is preferred, and a methyl group, a tert-butyl group, a methoxy group, or a methyl ester group is more preferred.

[0072] The mesogenic group is preferably a group represented by formula (M1-A).

[0073] *-(Cy １１ -L １１ ) p-Cy １２ - * (M1-A)

[0074] In formula (M1-A), * represents a bonding position, and p represents an integer of 1 or more. However, when p is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of Cy １１ may be the same or different, and multiple L １１ may be the same or different. １１ and Cy １２ each independently represents a divalent ring group which may have a substituent. １１ each independently represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.

[0075] p represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably an integer of 1 to 10, more preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and even more preferably 1 or 2.

[0076] Cy １１ and Cy １２ The divalent cyclic group which may have a substituent represented by may be either a monocyclic or polycyclic group, and is preferably a monocyclic group. The number of ring members in the divalent cyclic group is preferably 5 to 18, more preferably 5 to 10, and even more preferably 5 or 6.

[0077] Examples of the divalent ring group include a divalent aromatic ring group and a divalent alicyclic group. Examples of the divalent aromatic ring group include a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, and a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aromatic heterocyclic ring. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon ring include a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, and a phenanthroline ring. Examples of the aromatic heterocyclic ring include a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, an imidazole ring, a thiophene ring, a quinoline ring, an isoquinolylene ring, an oxazole ring, a thiazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a benzothiadiazole ring, a phthalimide ring, a thienothiazole ring, a thiazolothiazole ring, a thienothiophene ring, and a thienoxazole ring. Among these, a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from a benzene ring (e.g., a 1,4-phenylene group) is preferred. Examples of the divalent alicyclic group include a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon ring group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aliphatic hydrocarbon ring (e.g., a cycloalkane or a cycloalkene), and a divalent aliphatic heterocyclic group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aliphatic heterocyclic ring. Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon ring include a cyclopentane ring, a cyclohexane ring, a cycloheptane ring, a cyclooctane ring, a cyclononane ring, a cyclododecane ring, and a cyclodocosane ring. Examples of the aliphatic heterocyclic group include a pyrrolidine ring, an oxolane ring, a thiolane ring, a piperidine ring, a tetrahydropyran ring, a thiane ring, a piperazine ring, and a morpholine ring. Among these, a group obtained by removing a divalent hydrogen atom from a cyclohexane ring (e.g., a 1,4-cyclohexylene group) is preferred. Examples of the divalent ring group include a divalent aromatic ring group or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon ring group, and a divalent aromatic ring group is more preferred.

[0078] Examples of the substituent that the divalent ring group may have include the substituents described above in Substituent Group A. The substituent is preferably an alkyl ester group, an alkyl group which may have a halogen atom, an acyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, an acylamino group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or a nitro group, more preferably an alkyl ester group, an alkyl group, or an acyl group, still more preferably a methyl ester group, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an acetyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl ester group, a methyl group, or an ethyl group.

[0079] L １１ Examples of the divalent linking group represented by one embodiment of the formula (I) include -CO-, -O-, -S-, -C(=S)-, and -CR Ｌ１ R Ｌ２ -, -CR Ｌ３ =CR Ｌ４ - and -NR Ｌ５ -, and combinations of two or more thereof. Ｌ１ ~R Ｌ５ R each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Ｌ１ ~R Ｌ５ The substituent represented by one embodiment of the formula (I) is preferably a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. １１ Examples thereof include —CO—, —O—, and —CR Ｌ１ R Ｌ２ -, -NR Ｌ５ - or a combination of the two is preferred.

[0080] The repeating unit C is preferably a repeating unit represented by formula (C) because it has good compatibility with the polymerizable compound described below.

[0081] In formula (C), R Ｃ１ and R Ｃ２ R each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. Ｃ３ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Ｃ１ is —O—, —S— or —NR Ｃ４ represents -, and R Ｃ４represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Ｃ２ represents a single bond or a divalent linking group. Mes represents a mesogenic group represented by the above formula (M1-A). T represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and may be linked to the main chain of another polymer.

[0082] R in formula (C) Ｃ１ , R Ｃ２ , R Ｃ３ , L Ｃ１ and L Ｃ２ are R in the above formula (X), Ｘ１ , R Ｘ２ , R Ｘ３ , L Ｘ１ and L Ｘ２ Examples of the above-described examples are the same as those described above.

[0083] Examples of the substituent representing one embodiment of T include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, such as a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (ROC(O)-: R is an alkyl group), an acyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an acylamino group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonylamino group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a sulfonylamino group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a sulfamoyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a carbamoyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a sulfinyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a trialkylsilyloxy group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, a ureido group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a (meth)acryloyloxy group-containing group.

[0084] T is a boronic acid group (-B(OH) ２ ) and a boronic ester group (—B(OR Ｔ１ ) ２ ) can also be mentioned. Ｔ１ R each independently represents an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, or a heteroaryl group which may have a substituent. Ｔ１is preferably an alkyl group which may have a substituent. The alkyl group preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms. The aryl group preferably has 4 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms. An example of the aryl group is a phenyl group. The heteroaryl group preferably has 3 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 5 carbon atoms. Examples of heteroatoms contained in the heteroaryl group include an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, and a sulfur atom. R Ｔ１ R may be bonded to each other to form a ring. Ｔ１ The number of members in the ring formed by bonding together is preferably 4 to 8, and more preferably 5 to 6.

[0085] Specific examples of the repeating unit C include the repeating units shown below.

[0086]

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] When the silicon-based surfactant has repeating unit C, it may have one type of repeating unit C alone or two or more types of repeating unit C. The content of repeating unit C is preferably 1 to 50 mass%, more preferably 5 to 40 mass%, and even more preferably 10 to 30 mass%, based on all repeating units (100 mass%) constituting the main chain of the silicon-based surfactant.

[0090] When the silicon-based surfactant is a polymeric compound having a repeating unit in its chemical structure (for example, a silicon-based surfactant having the repeating unit A described above), the weight-average molecular weight of the silicon-based surfactant is preferably 10,000 to 50,000, and more preferably 20,000 to 30,000. The weight-average molecular weight is a value measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following conditions: Solvent (eluent): tetrahydrofuran Apparatus name: EcoSEC HLC-8320GPC (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) Column: Three columns connected together: TSKgel SuperHZM-H, TSKgel SuperHZ4000, and TSKgel SuperHZ200 (all manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) Column temperature: 40°C Sample concentration: 0.1% by mass Flow rate: 0.35 mL / min Calibration curve: A calibration curve using six samples of TSK standard polystyrene manufactured by Tosoh Corporation with weight average molecular weights (Mw) of 1,013 to 706,000 (Mw / Mn = 1.03 to 1.06), where Mn represents the number average molecular weight, was used.

[0091] The total content of surfactant A and surfactant B (content of silicon-based surfactants) is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 part by mass, and more preferably 0.2 to 0.5 part by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound described below.

[0092] <Preferred Embodiments of Surfactant A> Preferred embodiments of surfactant A include the preferred embodiments of the silicon-based surfactants described above. Among them, surfactant A preferably has a group represented by the above formula (S1), and more preferably has a repeating unit represented by the above formula (X), in which Rh represents a substituent having one or more groups represented by the above formula (S1). Furthermore, for the reason that the saturated adsorption amount at the gas-liquid interface can be easily adjusted, surfactant A also preferably has a repeating unit represented by the above formula (X), in which Rh represents a substituent having one or more groups represented by the above formula (S1) and not having a group represented by the above formula (S2).

[0093] The content of surfactant A is preferably more than 0 part by mass and not more than 10.0 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 0.50 parts by mass, and even more preferably 0.01 to 0.30 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound described below.

[0094] <Preferred Embodiments of Surfactant B> Preferred embodiments of surfactant B include the preferred embodiments of the silicon-based surfactants described above. Among these, surfactant B preferably has a group represented by formula (S2) described above, and more preferably has a repeating unit represented by formula (X) described above, in which Rh represents a substituent having one or more groups represented by formula (S2) described above. Furthermore, for the reason that the saturated adsorption amount at the gas-liquid interface can be easily adjusted, surfactant B also preferably has a repeating unit represented by formula (X) described above, in which Rh represents a substituent having one or more groups represented by formula (S2) described above and not having a group represented by formula (S1) described above.

[0095] The content of surfactant B is preferably more than 0 part by mass and not more than 10.0 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 0.50 parts by mass, and even more preferably 0.01 to 0.30 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound described below.

[0096] The mass ratio of the content of surfactant A to the content of surfactant B (content of surfactant A / content of surfactant B) is preferably 0.01 to 20.00, more preferably more than 0.12 and less than 8.99, and even more preferably more than 0.50 and less than 2.00, because the effects of the present invention are more excellent.

[0097] [Polymerizable Compound] The composition contains a polymerizable compound. The polymerizable compound is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having one or more polymerizable groups other than the above-mentioned silicon-based surfactants. Examples of the polymerizable group include those described above in relation to the repeating unit B. A polymerizable group represented by any one of formulas (P-1) to (P-20) is preferred, with an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group being more preferred. Furthermore, the polymerizable compound is preferably a compound having two or more polymerizable groups, with a compound having 2 to 5 polymerizable groups being more preferred.

[0098] As the polymerizable compound, a polymerizable liquid crystal compound (hereinafter simply referred to as "liquid crystal compound") is preferred. Liquid crystal compounds can be classified into rod-shaped and discotic types based on their shape. Each type is further divided into low-molecular-weight and high-molecular-weight types. A polymer generally refers to a compound with a degree of polymerization of 100 or more ("Polymer Physics: Phase Transition Dynamics," by Masao Doi, p. 2, Iwanami Shoten, 1992). While any liquid crystal compound can be used in the present invention, rod-shaped or discotic liquid crystal compounds (discotic liquid crystal compounds) are preferred. Two or more rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds, two or more discotic liquid crystal compounds, or a mixture of rod-shaped and discotic liquid crystal compounds may also be used. Polymerization of such liquid crystal compounds can fix the alignment of the liquid crystal compound. Note that the liquid crystal compound does not necessarily exhibit liquid crystallinity after being fixed by polymerization.

[0099] As the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound, for example, those described in claim 1 of JP-A-11-513019, paragraphs

[0026] to

[0098] of JP-A-2005-289980, and paragraphs

[0014] to

[0057] of JP-A-2014-198814 can be preferably used, and as the discotic liquid crystal compound, for example, those described in paragraphs

[0020] to

[0067] of JP-A-2007-108732 and paragraphs

[0013] to

[0108] of JP-A-2010-244038 can be preferably used, but are not limited to these.

[0100] In the present invention, the composition contains a liquid crystal compound, and for reasons of achieving good alignment in a cured liquid crystal layer prepared using the composition, it is preferable that the liquid crystal compound be a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound, and that the refractive index difference Δn between the long axis direction and the short axis direction satisfy the following formula (MI): Δn(450) / Δn(550)<1.0 (MI) In the above formula (MI), Δn(450) represents the refractive index difference at 450 nm, and Δn(550) represents the refractive index difference at 550 nm. The long axis direction of a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound refers to the direction of the longest axis in the molecule, and the short axis direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the long axis direction. The refractive index difference Δn is calculated by dividing the Re(λ) value (nm) measured by the above-described method for a cured liquid crystal layer prepared using a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound by the film thickness value (nm) of the cured liquid crystal layer. The cured liquid crystal layer to be measured, i.e., the cured liquid crystal layer prepared using a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound, is a cured liquid crystal layer prepared by the following procedure. That is, liquid crystal composition L having the following composition is applied by spin coating to a glass substrate with a rubbed polyimide alignment film (SE-150 manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.). The coating film is then heated and aligned at a temperature at which the liquid crystal exhibits liquid crystallinity to form a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer is then cooled to a temperature 40°C lower than the temperature at which the liquid crystal exhibits liquid crystallinity, and 1000 mJ / cm ２ The alignment is fixed by ultraviolet irradiation to form a liquid crystal cured layer, the thickness of which is, for example, 1 μm.

[0101] Liquid crystal composition L - Rod-like liquid crystal compound 15.00 parts by mass - Photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 819, manufactured by BASF) 0.45 parts by mass - Fluorine-containing compound A below 0.12 parts by mass - Chloroform 35.00 parts by mass -----------------------------------------------------------------

[0102] Fluorine-containing compound A

[0103] In the present invention, the liquid crystal compound is preferably a compound represented by formula (Y) because the alignment of the cured liquid crystal layer is good. １ -L １ -D ５ - (A １ ) ａ１ -D ３ - (G １ ) ｇ１ -D １ -[Ar-D ２ 〕 ｑ１ - (G ２ ) ｇ２ -D ４ - (A ２ ) ａ２ -D ６ -L ２ -P ２ (Y)

[0104] In formula (Y), a1, a2, g1, and g2 each independently represent 0 or 1, provided that at least one of a1 and g1 represents 1, and at least one of a2 and g2 represents 1. q1 represents 1 or 2. D １ , D ２ , D ３ , D ４ , D ５ and D ６ each independently represents a single bond, or —CO—, —O—, —S—, —C(═S)—, or —CR １ R ２ -, -CR ３ =CR ４ -, -NR ５ -, or a divalent linking group consisting of a combination of two or more thereof. １ ~R ５ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. However, when q1 is 2, a plurality of D ２ may be the same or different. １ and G ２ each independently represents an aromatic ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. ２One or more of - may be substituted with -O-, -S- or -NH-. １ and A ２ each independently represents an aromatic ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. ２ One or more of - may be substituted with -O-, -S- or -NH-. １ and L ２ each independently represents a single bond or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. ２ One or more of - may be substituted with -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(Q)- or -CO-. Q represents a substituent. P １ and P ２ each independently represents a monovalent organic group; P １ and P ２ At least one of the groups represents a polymerizable group. However, when Ar is an aromatic ring represented by formula (Ar-3) described later, P １ and P ２ and P in formula (Ar-3) described below. ３ and P ４ At least one of the groups represents a polymerizable group. Ar represents an aromatic ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. -CH ２ One or more - may be substituted with -O-, -S- or -NH-, provided that when q1 is 2, the multiple Ar's may be the same or different.

[0105] It is preferable that a1, a2, g1, and g2 are all 1 because the liquid crystal composition is more likely to exhibit a smectic liquid crystal state. It is also preferable that a1 and a2 are all 0 and g1 and g2 are all 1 because the durability of the formed cured liquid crystal layer is improved.

[0106] q1 is preferably 1.

[0107] D １ , D ２ , D ３ , D ４ , D ５ and D ６ Examples of the divalent linking group in one embodiment include -CO-, -O-, -CO-O-, -C(=S)O-, and -CR １ R ２ -, -CR １ R ２ -CR １ R ２ -, -O-CR １ R ２ -, -CR １ R ２ -O-CR １ R ２ -, -CO-O-CR １ R ２ -, -O-CO-CR １ R ２ -, -CR １ R ２ -O-CO-CR １ R ２ -, -CR １ R ２ -CO-O-CR １ R ２ -, -NR ５ -CR １ R ２ - and -CO-NR ５ - and so on. １ , R ２ and R ５ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Among these, any of —CO—, —O—, and —CO—O— is preferred.

[0108] G １ and G ２ Examples of the aromatic ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in one embodiment of the formula (1) include aromatic hydrocarbon rings such as a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, and a phenanthroline ring; and aromatic heterocycles such as a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, a thiazole ring, and a benzothiazole ring. Of these, a benzene ring (for example, a 1,4-phenyl group) is preferred.

[0109] G１ and G ２ The divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms shown in one embodiment of (1) is preferably a 5-membered or 6-membered ring. The alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be saturated or unsaturated, but is preferably a saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group. １ and G ２ For the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group represented by the formula (I), reference can be made to, for example, paragraph

[0078] of JP-A-2012-21068, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0110] In the present invention, the durability of the formed cured liquid crystal layer is improved. １ and G ２ is preferably a cycloalkane ring. Specific examples of the cycloalkane ring include a cyclohexane ring, a cycloheptane ring, a cyclooctane ring, a cyclododecane ring, and a cyclodocosane ring. Of these, a cyclohexane ring is preferred, a 1,4-cyclohexylene group is more preferred, and a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group is even more preferred.

[0111] Also, G １ and G ２ With regard to the above, examples of the substituent that the aromatic ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms may have include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, or a halogen atom is preferred.

[0112] A １ and A ２ As an aromatic ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in one embodiment of the present invention, １ and G ２ In addition, the same as those explained in A １ and A ２ As an embodiment of the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, there may be mentioned G １ and G ２ The same as those explained in A １ and A ２With regard to the above, examples of the substituent that the aromatic ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms may have include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, or a halogen atom is preferred.

[0113] L １ and L ２ Examples of the divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by one embodiment of formula (1) include a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkenylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched alkynylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. As the linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is preferred, and an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferred, and suitable examples include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, and a hexylene group. As the linear or branched alkenylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is preferred, and an alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferred, and suitable examples include an ethenylene group. As the linear or branched alkynylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkynylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is preferred, an alkynylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferred, and suitable examples include an ethynylene group. As described above, -CH ２ One or more of - may be substituted with -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(Q)-, or -CO-. Examples of the substituent represented by Q include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, or a halogen atom is preferable.

[0114] P １ and P ２Examples of the monovalent organic group represented by the formula (I) include the substituents described in the above-mentioned Substituent Group A, such as an alkyl group, an aryl group, and a heteroaryl group. The alkyl group may be linear, branched, or cyclic, but is preferably linear. The alkyl group preferably has 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 20, and even more preferably 1 to 10. The aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic, but is preferably monocyclic. The aryl group preferably has 6 to 25 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 10. The heteroaryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The number of heteroatoms constituting the heteroaryl group is preferably 1 to 3. The heteroatoms constituting the heteroaryl group are preferably nitrogen atoms, sulfur atoms, or oxygen atoms. The heteroaryl group preferably has 6 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 12. The alkyl group, aryl group, and heteroaryl group may be unsubstituted or may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, or a halogen atom is preferred.

[0115] P １ and P ２ Examples of the polymerizable group represented by at least one of the repeating unit B include those described above for the repeating unit B, and a polymerizable group represented by any of the above formulae (P-1) to (P-20) is preferred, and an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group is more preferred.

[0116] An embodiment of Ar is an aromatic ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, such as G １ and G ２ In addition, examples of the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms that is one embodiment of Ar include the following: １ and G ２In addition, with regard to Ar, examples of the substituent that the aromatic ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms may have include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and among them, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, or a halogen atom is preferable.

[0117] In the present invention, for the reason that the alignment of the liquid crystal cured layer is improved, the liquid crystal compound is preferably a compound having any aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of groups represented by any of formulas (Ar-1) to (Ar-5), and more preferably a compound represented by formula (Y) above, in which Ar in formula (Y) represents any aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of groups represented by any of formulas (Ar-1) to (Ar-5). In formulas (Ar-1) to (Ar-5), * represents a bonding position, and when Ar in formula (X) represents any aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of groups represented by any of formulas (Ar-1) to (Ar-5), * represents D １ or D ２ represents the bonding position with

[0118]

[0119] In the above formula (Ar-1), Q １ represents N or CH, and Q ２ is -S-, -O-, or -N(R ６ )-, R ６ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y １ represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and -CH ２ One or more of - may be substituted with -O-, -S- or -NH-. ６Specific examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by Y include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, and an n-hexyl group. １ Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms represented by Y include aryl groups such as phenyl, 2,6-diethylphenyl, and naphthyl. １ Examples of the aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms represented by Y include heteroaryl groups such as thienyl, thiazolyl, furyl, pyridyl, benzothiazolyl, and benzofuryl; and groups formed by removing one hydrogen atom from any of an indole ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzothiophene ring, a benzimidazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, and a benzoxazole ring. １ The aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms represented by Y is preferably a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a benzofuran ring or a benzothiazole ring. １ Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms represented by Y include a cyclohexylene group, a cyclopentylene group, a norbornylene group, and an adamantylene group. １ Examples of the substituent that may be possessed by include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and among them, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, or a halogen atom is preferable.

[0120] In addition, in the above formulas (Ar-1) to (Ar-5), Z １ , Z ２ and Z ３ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, -OR ７ , -NR ８ R ９ , -SR １０ , -COOR １１ , or -COR １２ represents R７ ~R １２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Z １ and Z ２ may be bonded to each other to form an aromatic ring. As the monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms is preferred, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is more preferred, and specifically, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, a tert-pentyl group (1,1-dimethylpropyl group), a tert-butyl group, or a 1,1-dimethyl-3,3-dimethyl-butyl group is further preferred, and a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a tert-butyl group is particularly preferred. Examples of the monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms include monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon groups such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclodecyl, methylcyclohexyl, and ethylcyclohexyl groups; monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon groups such as cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctenyl, cyclodecenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexadienyl, cyclooctadienyl, and cyclodecadiene; bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, and tricyclo[5.2.1.0]diene; ２，６ ]decyl group, tricyclo[3.3.1.1 ３，７ ]decyl group, tetracyclo[6.2.1.1 ３，６ .0 ２，７ ] dodecyl group, adamantyl group, and other polycyclic saturated hydrocarbon groups. Examples of monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms include phenyl group, 2,6-diethylphenyl group, naphthyl group, and biphenyl group, with aryl groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms (particularly phenyl group) being preferred. Specific examples of monovalent aromatic heterocyclic groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms include 4-pyridyl group, 2-furyl group, 2-thienyl group, 2-pyrimidinyl group, and 2-benzothiazolyl group. Examples of halogen atoms include fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, and iodine atom, with fluorine atom, chlorine atom, and bromine atom being preferred. On the other hand, R ７ ~R１０ Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, and an n-hexyl group.

[0121] Z １ and Z ２ As described above, may be bonded to each other to form an aromatic ring. For example, Z １ and Z ２ Examples of the structure in which the groups bond to each other to form an aromatic ring include a group represented by the following formula (Ar-1a): In the following formula (Ar-1a), * represents D in the above formula (I). １ or D ２ represents the bonding position with In the above formula (Ar-1a), Q １ , Q ２ and Y １ The examples of the group include those similar to those explained in the above formula (Ar-1).

[0122] In addition, in the above formulas (Ar-2) and (Ar-3), A ３ and A ４ are each independently —O—, —N(R １３ represents a group selected from the group consisting of —, —S—, and —CO—; R １３ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. １３ Examples of the substituent represented by the formula (I) include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, or a halogen atom is preferred.

[0123] In the formula (Ar-2), X represents a nonmetallic atom of Groups 14 to 16. However, the nonmetallic atom may have a hydrogen atom or a substituent bonded thereto. Examples of the nonmetallic atom of Groups 14 to 16 represented by X include an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a hydrogen atom, or a nitrogen atom bonded to a substituent [=N-R Ｎ１ , R Ｎ１ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.], a carbon atom to which a hydrogen atom or a substituent is bonded [═C—(RＣ１ ) ２ , R Ｃ１ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.] Examples of the substituent include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, such as an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkyl-substituted alkoxy group, a cyclic alkyl group, an aryl group (for example, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, etc.), a cyano group, an amino group, a nitro group, an alkylcarbonyl group, a sulfo group, and a hydroxyl group.

[0124] In addition, in the above formula (Ar-3), D ７ and D ８ each independently represents a single bond, or —CO—, —O—, —S—, —C(═S)—, or —CR １ R ２ -, -CR ３ =CR ４ -, -NR ５ -, or a divalent linking group formed by a combination of two or more thereof, R １ ~R ５ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Here, the divalent linking group is D in the above formula (Y). １ , D ２ , D ３ , D ４ , D ５ and D ６ Examples of the above-described examples are the same as those described above.

[0125] In addition, in the above formula (Ar-3), L ３ and L ４ each independently represents a single bond or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, provided that —CH ２ One or more of - may be substituted with -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(Q)- or -CO-. Q represents a substituent. Examples of the substituent include those described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, or a halogen atom is preferred. Here, examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group include L in the above formula (Y). １ and L ２Examples of the above-described examples are the same as those described above.

[0126] In addition, in the above formula (Ar-3), P ３ and P ４ each independently represents a monovalent organic group; P ３ and P ４ At least one of them represents a polymerizable group. １ and P ２ Examples of the polymerizable group include those similar to those described above. １ and P ２ Examples of the above-described examples are the same as those described above.

[0127] In the above formulas (Ar-4) to (Ar-5), Ax represents an organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms and having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbon rings and aromatic heterocycles. In the above formulas (Ar-4) to (Ar-5), Ay represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms and having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbon rings and aromatic heterocycles. Here, the aromatic rings in Ax and Ay may have a substituent, and Ax and Ay may be bonded to form a ring. In addition, Q ３ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Examples of Ax and Ay include those described in paragraphs

[0039] to

[0095] of WO 2014 / 010325. ３ Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, and an n-hexyl group. Examples of the substituent include the substituents described in the above-mentioned substituent group A, and an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, or a halogen atom is preferred.

[0128] Examples of compounds represented by the formula (Y) include the polymerizable compounds described in paragraphs

[0019] to

[0023] of JP 2019-139222 A; the polymerizable compounds described in paragraphs

[0059] to

[0061] of WO 2019 / 160014; the polymerizable compounds described in paragraph

[0055] of WO 2019 / 160016; compounds (1-1) to (1-19) represented by the following formulas; compounds (2-1) to (2-5) represented by the following formulas; and the like. In the structure of compound (1-14), the group adjacent to the acryloyloxy group represents a propylene group (a group in which a methyl group is substituted with an ethylene group), and compound (1-14) represents a mixture of positional isomers in which the position of the methyl group is different. In the formula below, Me represents a methyl group, and Ac represents an acetyl group.

[0129]

[0130]

[0131]

[0132]

[0133]

[0134]

[0135]

[0136] Further, as the compound represented by the formula (Y), for example, the general formula (1) described in JP-A-2010-084032 compounds (particularly, the compounds described in paragraphs

[0067] to

[0073] ), the general formula (II) described in JP-A-2016-053709 compounds (particularly, the compounds described in numbers

[0036] to

[0043] ), the general formula (1) described in JP-A-2016-081035 compounds (particularly, the compounds described in numbers

[0043] to

[0055] ), and, paragraphs of WO 2021 / 060427

[0025] to

[0056] compounds described therein.

[0137] [Solvent] The composition contains a solvent. Examples of the solvent include ketones such as acetone, 2-butanone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, and cyclopentanone (CPO); ethers such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA); aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, and trimethylbenzene; halogenated carbons such as dichloromethane, dichloroethane, dichlorobenzene, and chlorotoluene; esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate; water; alcohols such as methanol (MeOH), ethanol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), butanol, and cyclohexanol; cellosolves such as methyl cellosolve and ethyl cellosolve; cellosolve acetates; sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide; and amides such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide. The solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.

[0138] [Polymerization initiator] The composition preferably contains a polymerization initiator. The polymerization initiator is preferably a photopolymerization initiator capable of initiating a polymerization reaction by ultraviolet irradiation. Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include α-carbonyl compounds (described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,367,661 and 2,367,670), acyloin ethers (described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,448,828), α-hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic acyloin compounds (described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,722,512), polynuclear quinone compounds (described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,046,127 and 2,951,758), and combinations of triarylimidazole dimers and p-aminophenyl ketones. Examples of suitable polymerization initiators include a combination of hydroxybenzoates (described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,549,367), acridine and phenazine compounds (described in JP-A-60-105667 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,239,850), oxadiazole compounds (described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,212,970), and acylphosphine oxide compounds (described in JP-B-63-40799, JP-B-5-29234, JP-A-10-95788, and JP-A-10-29997). Oxime-type polymerization initiators are also preferred. Specific examples of oxime-type polymerization initiators include those described in paragraphs

[0049] to

[0052] of WO 2017 / 170443.

[0139] [Other Components] The composition may contain other components in addition to the above-mentioned components, such as a liquid crystal compound other than the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, a tilt angle controller, a plasticizer, and a crosslinking agent.

[0140] [Preferred Embodiments of Composition] Preferred embodiments of the composition include the preferred embodiments described above. Among them, it is preferable that the composition satisfies the relationship of formula (I) when the surface free energy of cured product A is EA (unit: mN / m) and the surface free energy of cured product B is EB (unit: mN / m), and also satisfies the relationships of formulas (II), (III), and (IV) when the content of surfactant A relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound in the composition is a (unit: parts by mass), and the content of surfactant B relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound in the composition is b (unit: parts by mass).

[0141] EA-EB>0 (I) 0<a<10.00 (II) 0<b<10.00 (III) 0.12<a / b<8.99 (IV)

[0142] EA is the surface free energy (unit: mN / m) of the cured product A. EA is one of the performance indicators for surfactant A, and as will be described later, indicates the surface free energy of the cured product A formed using a measurement mixture A containing surfactant A. In this way, the performance of surfactant A is indirectly evaluated using a measurement mixture A containing surfactant A and other components. EA was measured by mixing 0.25 parts by mass of surfactant A, 100.0 parts by mass of liquid crystal compound R, 426.0 parts by mass of acetone, and 5.0 parts by mass of photopolymerization initiator Y to prepare a measurement mixture A, applying the measurement mixture A to a substrate to form a coating film A, drying the coating film A at 70°C for 90 seconds, and then irradiating the cured product A with ultraviolet light at an integrated light intensity of 300 mJ / cm at 40°C under a nitrogen purge with an oxygen concentration of 0.1% by volume. ２ to form a cured product A. The surface free energy of the surface of the obtained cured product A opposite to the substrate is defined as EA. In other words, the cured product A is a cured product of the measurement mixture A. The liquid crystal compound R is the same as the liquid crystal compound R in the above-mentioned method for measuring the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amounts SA and SB. Examples of the substrate include substrates that can be used in the optical film described below.

[0143]

[0144] Next, the surface free energy of the surface of the obtained cured product A opposite to the substrate is defined as EA. ｖThe surface free energy (θ = θ 1 , unit: mN / m) is calculated by measuring the contact angles of pure water and methylene iodide on the measurement surface using a contact angle meter (for example, Dropmaster (manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.)) and calculating the surface free energy based on the Owens-Wendt equation. For example, the measurement method described in D. K. Owens: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 13, 1741 (1969) can be used. Specifically, the contact angles of pure water and methylene iodide on the measurement surface are measured using a contact angle meter, and the contact angle of pure water is calculated as θ Ｈ２Ｏ The contact angle of methylene iodide is θ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ Then, γs is calculated by the simultaneous equations consisting of equations (SA) and (SB). ｄ (dispersion component, unit: mN / m) and γs ｈ (hydrogen bond component, unit: mN / m) is calculated, and the value γs ｖ (=γs ｄ +γs ｈ ) is defined as the surface free energy of the measurement surface. The contact angle is a value measured by conditioning the humidity of the measurement object for 2 hours or more in an environment of 20 to 27°C and 50 to 65% RH (relative humidity), and then measuring the contact angle of the measurement surface in an environment of 25°C and 60% RH.

[0145] 1+cosθ Ｈ２Ｏ = 2√γs ｄ (√γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｄ / γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｖ ) + 2√γs ｈ (√γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｈ / γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｖ ) (SA) 1+cosθ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ = 2√γs ｄ (√γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｄ / γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｖ ) + 2√γs ｈ (√γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｈ / γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｖ ) (SB) Note that γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｄ (dispersion component of pure water, unit: mN / m) = 21.8, γ Ｈ２Ｏｈ (hydrogen bond component of pure water, unit: mN / m) = 51.0, γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｖ (surface free energy of pure water, unit: mN / m) = 72.8, γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｄ (dispersion component of methylene iodide, unit: mN / m) = 49.5, γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｈ (hydrogen bond component of methylene iodide, unit: mN / m) = 1.3, γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｖ (Surface free energy of methylene iodide, unit: mN / m)=50.8.

[0146] EB is the surface free energy (unit: mN / m) of the cured product B. EB is one of the performance indicators for surfactant B, similar to surfactant A described above. EB can be measured in the same manner as EA described above, except that surfactant B is used instead of surfactant A.

[0147] As the relationship of formula (I), the relationship of formula (Ia) is preferred, and the relationship of formula (Ib) is more preferred, because the effects of the present invention are more excellent: 4.1<EA-EB<8.9 (Ia) 6.0<EA-EB<8.0 (Ib)

[0148] EA in formula (I), formula (Ia), and formula (Ib) is preferably 1.0 to 100.0, more preferably 20.0 to 50.0, and even more preferably 25.0 to 50.0. EB in formula (I), formula (Ia), and formula (Ib) is preferably 1.0 to 100.0, and more preferably 10.0 to 30.0.

[0149] As the relationship of formula (II), the relationship of formula (IIa) is preferred, and the relationship of formula (IIb) is more preferred: 0.01≦a≦0.50 (IIa) 0.01≦a≦0.30 (IIb)

[0150] As the relationship of formula (III), the relationship of formula (IIIa) is preferred, and the relationship of formula (IIIb) is more preferred: 0.01≦b≦0.50 (IIIa) 0.01≦b≦0.30 (IIIb)

[0151] The relationship of formula (IV) is preferably the relationship of formula (IVa): 0.50<a / b<2.00 (IVa)

[0152] The surface tension of the composition is preferably 10.0 to 50.0 mN / m, and more preferably 20.0 to 23.4 mN / m because this allows for better suppression of surface unevenness. The surface tension of the composition can be measured under the following conditions and method. Specifically, a 50 mL sample of the composition is collected, and the surface tension is measured three times using the Wilhelmy method under an environment of 25°C and 60% RH, and the arithmetic mean value is taken as the surface tension of the composition. The surface tension is measured, for example, using a CBVP-A3 automatic surface tensiometer manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd., using a platinum plate as a probe according to the Wilhelmy method. Methods for adjusting the surface tension of the composition include, for example, the type and content of the silicon-based surfactant in the composition, the type and content of the polymerizable compound, and the type and content of the solvent, and the preferred embodiments of each are as described above.

[0153] [Cured Layer] The cured layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a cured layer obtained by curing the composition of the present invention described above (hereinafter also referred to as the "cured layer of the present invention"). In particular, the cured layer is preferably a liquid crystal cured layer obtained by fixing the alignment state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in a composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound. The cured layer may also be a cured layer in an optical film described below.

[0154] The composition can be cured, for example, by fixing it by polymerization in the method for forming a liquid crystal cured layer, which will be described later.

[0155] Examples of methods for forming a liquid crystal cured layer include a method in which a liquid crystal composition is used to achieve a desired alignment state, followed by polymerization to fix the alignment. While the conditions for achieving the desired alignment state are not particularly limited, a heat treatment is preferably performed, and a cooling treatment after the heat treatment is more preferred. From the viewpoint of manufacturability, the heating temperature in the heat treatment is preferably 10 to 250°C, more preferably 50 to 200°C, and even more preferably 70 to 150°C. Furthermore, the heating time in the heat treatment is preferably 1 to 300 seconds, more preferably 1 to 60 seconds. Furthermore, the temperature in the cooling treatment after the heat treatment is not particularly limited as long as it is lower than the heating temperature in the heat treatment, but a temperature between room temperature (23°C) and 80°C is preferred. Furthermore, while the conditions for the polymerization are not particularly limited, ultraviolet light is preferably used in the polymerization by light irradiation. The irradiation dose is 10 mJ / cm. ２ ~50 J / cm ２ is preferred, and 20 mJ / cm ２ ~5 J / cm ２ More preferably, 30 mJ / cm ２ ~3 J / cm ２ is more preferably 50 to 1000 mJ / cm ２ is particularly preferred. In order to promote the polymerization reaction, the polymerization may be carried out under heated conditions. The nitrogen concentration in the polymerization system is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of adhesive suitability with the ultraviolet-curable adhesive described below, it is preferably 95% to 65%, more preferably 85% to 70%, and even more preferably 80% to 75%. The nitrogen concentration in the air is approximately 78%.

[0156] The orientation state of the liquid crystal compound in the cured liquid crystal layer may be any of horizontal orientation, vertical orientation, tilted orientation, and twisted orientation. Here, when the liquid crystal compound is a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound, vertical orientation is also called homeotropic orientation, and refers to an orientation in which the angle between the surface (main surface) of the cured liquid crystal layer and the director of the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is within a range of 70 to 90°, preferably an orientation in a range of 80 to 90°, and more preferably an orientation in a range of 85 to 90°. Furthermore, when the liquid crystal compound is a discotic liquid crystal compound, vertical orientation refers to an orientation in which the angle between the surface (main surface) of the cured liquid crystal layer and the discotic plane of the discotic liquid crystal compound is within a range of 70 to 90°, preferably an orientation in a range of 80 to 90°, and more preferably an orientation in a range of 85 to 90°.

[0157] The liquid crystal cured layer is preferably a positive C plate. Here, the positive C plate is defined as follows. That is, the positive C plate satisfies the relationship of formula (C1) where nx is the refractive index in the slow axis direction in the film plane (the direction in which the refractive index in the plane is maximum), ny is the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the slow axis in the plane, and nz is the refractive index in the thickness direction. Note that the positive C plate exhibits a negative Rth value. nz>nx≒ny Formula (C1) Note that "≒" encompasses not only the case where both are completely identical, but also the case where both are substantially identical. "Substantially the same" means that, for example, "nx≒ny" also includes the case where (nx-ny)×d (where d is the film thickness) is 0 to 10 nm (preferably 0 to 5 nm). Furthermore, when the liquid crystal cured layer of the present invention is a positive C plate, it is preferable that the in-plane retardation Re(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the retardation in the film thickness direction Rth(550) satisfy the following formulas (1) and (2). Formula (1): 0 nm≦Re(550)≦40 nm Formula (2): −180 nm≦Rth(550)≦−50 nm In formula (1), the upper limit of Re(550) is preferably 20 nm or less, and more preferably 10 nm or less. In formula (2), the lower limit of Rth(550) is preferably −140 nm or more, and more preferably −130 nm or more, and the upper limit of Rth(550) is preferably −60 nm or less, and more preferably −70 nm or less.

[0158] The thickness of the hardened layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 10.0 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 5.0 μm.

[0159] [Optical Film] The optical film of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has the cured layer of the present invention. In particular, the optical film preferably has a substrate and a cured layer, and more preferably has a substrate and a liquid crystal cured layer. In addition, the optical film also preferably has a liquid crystal cured layer formed by fixing the orientation state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in a composition containing the polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

[0160] [Substrate] The optical film may have a substrate. The substrate is a member for supporting the cured layer. The substrate is preferably transparent. "Transparent" means that the transmittance of visible light is 60% or more, preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90% or more.

[0161] In the present invention, the substrate may be a positive A plate because it improves display performance when used in an image display device (particularly a liquid crystal display device). Here, the positive A plate is defined as follows. Specifically, a positive A plate satisfies the relationship of formula (A1) where nx is the refractive index in the slow axis direction in the film plane (the direction in which the in-plane refractive index is maximum), ny is the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the in-plane slow axis, and nz is the refractive index in the thickness direction. The positive A plate exhibits a positive Rth. Formula (A1) nx>ny≒nz. The above "≒" encompasses not only the case where the two are completely identical, but also the case where the two are substantially identical. "Substantially the same" also includes, for example, the case where (ny-nz)×d (where d is the film thickness) is -10 to 10 nm, preferably -5 to 5 nm, in "ny≒nz." Furthermore, when the substrate is a positive A plate, it is preferable that the in-plane retardation Re(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the retardation in the film thickness direction Rth(550) satisfy the following formulas (3) and (4). Formula (3): 80 nm ≦ Re(550) ≦ 200 nm Formula (4): 20 nm ≦ Rth(550) ≦ 150 nm In addition, in formula (3), the lower limit of Re(550) is preferably 100 nm or more, more preferably 110 nm or more, and the upper limit of Re(550) is preferably 160 nm or less, more preferably 150 nm or less, and even more preferably 140 nm or less. In addition, in formula (4), the lower limit of Rth(550) is preferably 50 nm or more, more preferably 60 nm or more, and the upper limit of Rth(550) is preferably 120 nm or less, more preferably 110 nm or less.

[0162] In the present invention, the substrate may be a liquid crystal cured layer (particularly, an optically anisotropic layer) different from the liquid crystal cured layer of the present invention. Examples of such a different liquid crystal cured layer include a liquid crystal cured layer obtained by fixing the orientation state (particularly, horizontal orientation state) of a liquid crystal compound contained in a liquid crystal composition other than the liquid crystal composition of the present invention. Regarding horizontal orientation, when the liquid crystal compound is a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound, horizontal orientation is also referred to as homogeneous orientation, and refers to an orientation in which the angle between the surface (main surface) of the liquid crystal cured layer and the director of the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound is within a range of 0 to 20°, preferably within a range of 0 to 10°, and more preferably within a range of 0 to 5°. When the liquid crystal compound is a discotic liquid crystal compound, horizontal orientation refers to an orientation in which the angle between the surface (main surface) of the liquid crystal cured layer and the discotic plane of the discotic liquid crystal compound is within a range of 0 to 20°, preferably within a range of 0 to 10°, and more preferably within a range of 0 to 5°. The optical film of the present invention may have such a liquid crystal cured layer as a layer structure other than the substrate.

[0163] In the present invention, the substrate may be a polymer film. The polymer film is preferably selected from a cellulose acylate film, a cyclic olefin polymer film, and an acrylic polymer film. The acrylic polymer film preferably contains an acrylic polymer containing at least one unit selected from a lactone ring unit, a maleic anhydride unit, and a glutaric anhydride unit.

[0164] Furthermore, in the present invention, the substrate may be a polymer film described later in the support section, or an alignment film described later. When a polymer film described later in the support section is used as the substrate, the polymer film is preferably a positive A plate. In this case, the preferred ranges of the in-plane retardation Re(550) and the retardation in the film thickness direction Rth(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm are as described above.

[0165] When the optical film has the other liquid crystal cured layer (optically anisotropic layer) described above as the substrate, it may have a support for supporting the other liquid crystal cured layer. The support is preferably transparent. In the present invention, "transparent" means that the transmittance of visible light is 60% or more, preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90% or more.

[0166] Examples of the support include glass substrates and polymer films.Polymer film materials include cellulose-based polymers; acrylic polymers having acrylic acid ester polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate and lactone ring-containing polymers; thermoplastic norbornene-based polymers; polycarbonate-based polymers; polyester-based polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate; styrene-based polymers such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers (AS resin); polyolefin-based polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-propylene copolymers; vinyl chloride-based polymers; amide-based polymers such as nylon and aromatic polyamide; imide-based polymers; sulfone-based polymers; polyethersulfone-based polymers; polyetheretherketone-based polymers; polyphenylene sulfide-based polymers; vinylidene chloride-based polymers; vinyl alcohol-based polymers; vinyl butyral-based polymers; arylate-based polymers; polyoxymethylene-based polymers; epoxy-based polymers; and polymers made by mixing these polymers.Commercially available polymer films can also be used. Specifically, for example, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. sells these under the trade name APEL, and grades with different glass transition temperatures (Tg) include APL8008T (Tg 70°C), APL6013T (Tg 125°C), and APL6015T (Tg 145°C). Polyplastics Co., Ltd. also sells pellets such as TOPAS8007, 6013, and 6015. Ferrania also sells Appear 3000. JSR Corporation also sells these under the trade names Arton G or Arton F, and Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. also sells these under the trade names Zeonor ZF12, ZF14, ZF16, Zeonex 250, and Zeonex 280, and these can also be used. As mentioned above, the commercially available products may also be used as the substrate. The thickness of the support is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 1 to 200 μm, and more preferably from 2 to 100 μm.

[0167] The liquid crystal cured layer and any other liquid crystal cured layer in the optical film of the present invention may be formed on the surface of an alignment film (particularly a photo-alignment film described later) serving as a substrate.

[0168] The alignment film is not particularly limited as long as it has the function of aligning the liquid crystal compound contained in the composition. Alignment films are generally composed primarily of a polymer. Polymer materials for alignment films are described in numerous literature, and many commercially available products are available. Preferred polymer materials for alignment films are polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, or derivatives thereof, with modified or unmodified polyvinyl alcohol being more preferred. Examples of alignment films include those described in International Publication No. 01 / 88574, page 43, line 24 to page 49, line 8; alignment films made of modified polyvinyl alcohol described in paragraphs

[0071] to

[0095] of Japanese Patent No. 3907735; and liquid crystal alignment films formed using liquid crystal aligning agents described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2012-155308.

[0169] It is preferable to use a photo-alignment film as the alignment film, since it is possible to prevent the surface condition from being deteriorated by preventing contact with an object on the alignment film surface during the formation of the alignment film. The photo-alignment film is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include alignment films formed from polymer materials such as polyamide compounds and polyimide compounds described in paragraphs

[0024] to

[0043] of International Publication No. 2005 / 096041; liquid crystal alignment films formed from liquid crystal alignment agents having photo-aligning groups described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-155308; and the product name LPP-JP265CP manufactured by Rolic Technologies.

[0170] The thickness of the alignment film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 10 μm, more preferably 0.01 to 1 μm, and even more preferably 0.01 to 0.5 μm.

[0171] [Preferred Embodiment of Optical Film] Preferred embodiments of the optical film include the preferred embodiments described above. Among them, an optical film having a substrate and a cured layer, wherein the cured layer contains a cured product of a polymerizable compound, a silicon-containing surfactant A, and a silicon-containing surfactant B, wherein the saturated adsorption amount SA of surfactant A at the gas-liquid interface is greater than the saturated adsorption amount SB of surfactant B at the gas-liquid interface, and when component analysis is performed on the surface of the cured layer opposite the substrate using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), the secondary ion intensity A derived from surfactant A is 0.001 or more, and the secondary ion intensity B derived from surfactant B is 0.001 or more. Note that preferred embodiments of each member and each component are as described above.

[0172] The method for measuring the secondary ion intensity A and the secondary ion intensity B will be described in detail. The surface of the hardened layer obtained by the above method opposite to the substrate (the surface on the air interface side) is irradiated with an ion beam (for example, Bi) using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer. ３＋Using a primary ion gun and an Ar gas cluster ion beam (Ar-GCIB), component analysis is performed at 10 different locations in a measurement range extending from the surface to a depth of 1 nm along the thickness direction of the optical film. The intensity of the fragment ions derived from surfactant A obtained by the component analysis is then designated as secondary ion intensity A. Furthermore, the intensity of the fragment ions derived from surfactant B obtained by the component analysis is designated as secondary ion intensity B. The fragment ions derived from surfactant A are not particularly limited, as long as they are derived from surfactant A. However, for ease of analysis, one or more fragment ions derived from surfactant A that are different from fragment ions derived from components other than surfactant A in the cured layer are preferred. Specifically, when surfactant A has a repeating unit represented by the above formula (X) in which Rh represents a substituent having one or more groups represented by the above formula (S1), fragment ions derived from polydimethylsiloxane are preferred. Furthermore, the fragment ions derived from surfactant B are not particularly limited, as long as they are derived from surfactant B. However, for ease of analysis, one or more fragment ions derived from surfactant B that are different from fragment ions derived from components other than surfactant B in the cured layer are preferred. Specifically, when surfactant B has a repeating unit represented by the above formula (X) in which Rh represents a substituent having one or more groups represented by the above formula (S2), a fragment ion derived from trimethylsiloxane is preferred.

[0173] Examples of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometers include known devices such as TOF-SIMS V (manufactured by ION-TOF). Examples of ion guns used in time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry include Bi ion guns (Bi ３ ＋ ) are listed.

[0174] The time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry conditions are, for example, as follows: Analysis device: TOF-SIMS V (manufactured by Ion TOF) Analysis conditions: Bi ３＋Measured under the conditions of primary ion gun (25 kV, 0.2 pA), measurement area: 300 μm x 300 μm, 256 x 256 pixels, one integration. ・Used in combination with a low-speed electron gun (20 eV) for charging correction. ・Ar-GCIB sputtering under the conditions of 10 kV, 5.2 nA, area 500 μm x 500 μm.

[0175] The secondary ion strength A is preferably 0.001 or more, more preferably 0.01 or more. The upper limit is preferably 0.10 or less, more preferably 0.05 or less. The secondary ion strength B is preferably 0.001 or more, more preferably 0.01 or more. The upper limit is preferably 0.10 or less, more preferably 0.05 or less.

[0176] An example of a method for adjusting the secondary ion strength A is to adjust the content of surfactant A. Specifically, to increase the secondary ion strength A, the content of surfactant A in the cured layer is increased. An example of a method for adjusting the secondary ion strength B is to adjust the content of surfactant B. Specifically, to increase the secondary ion strength B, the content of surfactant B in the cured layer is increased.

[0177] In addition, in the optical film, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface of the cured layer opposite to the substrate is preferably 0.10 to 1.50 nm, and more preferably 0.45 to 1.00 nm because the effects of the present invention are more excellent. The arithmetic mean roughness Ra can be measured using a known analytical device. Specifically, an atomic force microscope (AFM) is used under the following measurement conditions to measure 10 arbitrary points on the measurement surface within a measurement range of 6 μm. ２ The in-plane average roughness is measured in an area (for example, 2 μm×3 μm), and the arithmetic average value is taken as the arithmetic average roughness Ra. Probe: Tip curvature radius 12 nm or less, spring constant 20 to 80 N / m Mode: Peak Force Tapping, 1 to 2 KHz Maximum load: 60 nN

[0178] Furthermore, in the optical film, the surface free energy of the cured layer on the surface opposite the substrate is preferably 15.0 to 30.0 mN / m, and more preferably 22.0 to 25.0 mN / m, because the resulting layer has better adhesion to adjacent layers. The surface free energy of the cured layer surface can be measured using the same method as for the surface free energy of the cured product A and the cured product B described above. Specifically, the contact angles of pure water and methylene iodide on the measurement surface are measured using a contact angle meter (e.g., Dropmaster (manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.)), and the surface free energy is calculated based on the Owens-Wendt equation. For example, the measurement method described in D. K. Owens: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 13, 1741 (1969) can be used.

[0179] [Polarizing Plate] The polarizing plate of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a polarizing plate having the above-described optical film of the present invention and a polarizer.

[0180] [Polarizer] The polarizing plate has a polarizer. The polarizer is not particularly limited as long as it has the function of converting light into specific linearly polarized light, and examples thereof include conventionally known absorptive polarizers and reflective polarizers. Examples of absorptive polarizers include iodine-based polarizers, dye-based polarizers using dichroic dyes, and polyene-based polarizers. Examples of iodine-based polarizers and dye-based polarizers include coated polarizers and stretched polarizers. Preferred examples of polarizers include a polarizer produced by adsorbing iodine or a dichroic dye to polyvinyl alcohol and stretching the resulting film. Furthermore, methods for obtaining a polarizer by stretching and dyeing a laminated film having a polyvinyl alcohol layer formed on a substrate are described in Japanese Patent Nos. 5048120, 5143918, 4691205, 4751481, and 4751486. ​​These known techniques related to polarizers can also be preferably used. As the reflective polarizer, a polarizer in which thin films with different birefringence are laminated, a wire grid polarizer, a polarizer in which a cholesteric liquid crystal having a selective reflection region is combined with a quarter-wave plate, etc. are used. Among them, polyvinyl alcohol resin (-CH ２A polymer containing —CHOH— as a repeating unit, particularly at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, is preferred.

[0181] The thickness of the polarizer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 40 μm, more preferably 5 to 30 μm, and even more preferably 5 to 20 μm. A thickness within the above range can accommodate thinner display devices. Next, each layer constituting the polarizing plate of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0182] [Laminating Layer] The polarizing plate of the present invention may have a laminating layer between the optical film of the present invention and the polarizer. The laminating layer is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or adhesive layer can be appropriately used.

[0183] <Adhesive Layer> The adhesive layer may be made of a resin or an elastomer (including oil-extended rubber).

[0184] Examples of the resin include polystyrene resin, polyamide resin, urethane resin, (meth)acrylate resin, (meth)acrylic acid ester resin, and modified resins of these resins. Examples of the urethane resin include urethane-modified polyester resin and urethane resin. Among the above resins, (meth)acrylate resin is preferred.

[0185] Examples of the elastomer include a block (co)polymer of a conjugated diene and a hydrogenated product thereof, and a (meth)acrylic block (co)polymer (meaning, for example, a (co)polymer having a poly(meth)acrylic acid ester as a block unit). ], styrene-based block (co)polymers and hydrogenated products thereof ((co)polymers having a polymer of an aromatic vinyl compound (preferably polystyrene) as a block unit and hydrogenated products thereof, such as a block copolymer of a polymer of an aromatic vinyl compound and a polymer containing a conjugated diene, and a hydrogenated product of a block copolymer of a polymer of an aromatic vinyl compound and a polymer containing a conjugated diene), ethylene-α-olefin-based copolymers, polar-group-modified olefin-based copolymers, elastomers composed of a polar-group-modified olefin-based copolymer and at least one of a metal ion and a metal compound, nitrile-based rubbers such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-based rubber, butyl rubber, acrylic rubber, thermoplastic elastomers such as thermoplastic polyolefin elastomers (TPO), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPU), thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE), thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE), and diene-based elastomers (1,2-polybutadiene, etc.), silicone-based elastomers, and fluorine-based elastomers, provided that the conjugated diene block (co)polymers do not contain polystyrene blocks. Of these, the elastomer is preferably a (meth)acrylic block (co)polymer or a styrene block (co)polymer, and hydrogenated products thereof. Preferred examples of the (meth)acrylic block (co)polymer include a block copolymer of polymethyl methacrylate and poly-n-butyl acrylate (hereinafter abbreviated as "PMMA-PnBA block copolymer"). Preferred examples of the styrene block (co)polymer and hydrogenated products thereof include a block copolymer of polystyrene and a polymer containing at least one of isoprene and butadiene, and hydrogenated products thereof. The polymer containing at least one of isoprene and butadiene may contain, for example, butene as a component other than isoprene and butadiene.Among these, the elastomer is more preferably a hydrogenated product of a (meth)acrylic block (co)polymer or a styrene block (co)polymer, and even more preferably a PMMA-PnBA block copolymer or a hydrogenated product of a block copolymer of polystyrene and a polymer containing at least one of isoprene and butadiene.

[0186] In addition to the above resins or elastomers, the adhesive layer can also be formed using a composition containing additives (e.g., softeners, plasticizers, lubricants, crosslinking agents, crosslinking aids, photosensitizers, antioxidants, antiaging agents, heat stabilizers, flame retardants, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, weather resistance agents, UV absorbers, tackifiers, nucleating agents, pigments, dyes, organic fillers, inorganic fillers, silane coupling agents, titanium coupling agents, etc.), polymerizable group-containing compounds, polymerization initiators, or polymers other than the above resins or elastomers. That is, the adhesive layer may be formed using a resin composition or an elastomer composition.

[0187] <Adhesive Layer> The adhesive layer is preferably formed using a composition containing a component (adhesive) that exhibits adhesiveness upon drying or reaction. For example, an adhesive layer formed using a composition containing a component that exhibits adhesiveness upon a curing reaction is a cured layer formed by curing the composition. Among these, from the viewpoint of improving heat distortion resistance and adhesive strength, an ultraviolet-curable adhesive that is cured by ultraviolet irradiation is preferably used.

[0188] A resin can be used as the adhesive. The adhesive layer can be a layer in which the resin accounts for, for example, 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more. The resin may be a single resin or a mixture of multiple resins. When a mixture of resins is used, the proportion of the resin refers to the proportion of the mixture of resins. Examples of the resin mixture include a mixture of a certain resin with a resin having a structure in which the resin is partially modified, and a mixture of a resin obtained by reacting different polymerizable compounds.

[0189] The adhesive may be any adhesive having suitable properties, configurations, and adhesive mechanisms. Specific examples include water-soluble adhesives, UV-curable adhesives, emulsion adhesives, latex adhesives, mastic adhesives, multilayer adhesives, paste-like adhesives, foam adhesives, supported film adhesives, thermoplastic adhesives, hot-melt adhesives, heat-setting adhesives, heat-activated adhesives, heat-seal adhesives, heat-curable adhesives, contact adhesives, pressure-sensitive adhesives, polymerization adhesives, solvent-based adhesives, and solvent-activated adhesives. Of these, water-soluble adhesives and UV-curable adhesives are preferred. Water-soluble adhesives are particularly preferred due to their excellent transparency, adhesiveness, workability, product quality, and economy.

[0190] Furthermore, various known additives (for example, the additives described in the adhesive layer above) and polymerization initiators can be used as the adhesive (adhesive-containing composition), but a silane coupling agent can be particularly used. Here, it is preferable that the silane coupling agent has a polymerizable group from the viewpoint of improving adhesion. Furthermore, examples of the polymerizable group include those described in the repeating unit B above and amino groups, and among these, vinyl groups, epoxy groups, methacryloyloxy groups, acryloyloxy groups, or amino groups are particularly preferred. Examples of such silane coupling agents that can be used include KBM-1083, KBM-4803, KBM-5803, KBM-6803, X-12-1048, and X-12-1050 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0191] The water-soluble adhesive may contain natural or synthetic water-soluble components such as proteins, starches, and synthetic resins. Examples of synthetic resins include resol resins, urea resins, melamine resins, polyethylene oxide resins, polyacrylamide resins, polyvinylpyrrolidone resins, polyacrylic acid ester resins, polymethacrylic acid ester resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyacrylic resins, and cellulose derivatives. Among these, water-soluble adhesives containing polyvinyl alcohol resins or cellulose derivatives are preferred because of their excellent adhesive properties when laminating resin films. In other words, the adhesive layer preferably contains polyvinyl alcohol resin or a cellulose derivative. Here, cellulose derivatives refer to modified cellulose. There are no particular limitations on the cellulose derivative, and known cellulose derivatives can be used. For example, HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose) can be used.

[0192] Examples of ultraviolet-curable adhesives include active energy ray-curable adhesives such as (meth)acrylate adhesives and cationic polymerization-curable adhesives. Examples of curable components in (meth)acrylate adhesives include compounds having a (meth)acryloyl group and compounds having a vinyl group. Furthermore, compounds having an epoxy group or an oxetanyl group can also be used as cationic polymerization-curable adhesives. The epoxy group-containing compound is not particularly limited as long as it has at least two epoxy groups in its molecule, and various commonly known curable epoxy compounds can be used. Examples of preferred epoxy compounds include compounds having at least two epoxy groups and at least one aromatic ring in its molecule (aromatic epoxy compounds), and compounds having at least two epoxy groups in its molecule, at least one of which is formed between two adjacent carbon atoms constituting an alicyclic ring (alicyclic epoxy compounds).

[0193] The thickness of the laminating layer is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less, more preferably 0.5 μm or more and 60 μm or less, and even more preferably 1 μm or more and 40 μm or less.

[0194] [Protective Film] The polarizing plate of the present invention may have a protective film on one or both sides of the polarizer. The protective film is preferably a polymer film. The polymer film is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known polymer film can be appropriately used.

[0195] Examples of materials for the polymer film include cellulose-based polymers such as cellulose acylate; acrylic polymers having acrylic acid ester polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate and lactone ring-containing polymers; thermoplastic norbornene-based polymers; polycarbonate-based polymers; polyester-based polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate; styrene-based polymers such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers; polyolefin-based polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-propylene copolymers; vinyl chloride-based polymers; amide-based polymers such as nylon and aromatic polyamides; imide-based polymers; sulfone-based polymers; polyethersulfone-based polymers; polyetheretherketone-based polymers; polyphenylene sulfide-based polymers; vinylidene chloride-based polymers; vinyl alcohol-based polymers; vinyl butyral-based polymers; arylate-based polymers; polyoxymethylene-based polymers; epoxy-based polymers; and polymers containing mixtures of these polymers. The protective film is preferably a film made of a cellulose-based polymer, and more preferably a cellulose acylate film.

[0196] [Image Display Device] The image display device of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has the optical film of the present invention or the polarizing plate of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the optical film, etc. of the present invention"). It is also preferable that the image display device has the above-mentioned polarizing plate. The display element used in the image display device is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a liquid crystal cell, an organic electroluminescence (hereinafter also referred to as "EL (Electro Luminescence)") display panel, and a plasma display panel. A liquid crystal cell or an organic EL display panel is preferred, and a liquid crystal cell is more preferred. That is, the image display device is preferably a liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal cell as the display element, or an organic EL display device using an organic EL display panel as the display element, and a liquid crystal display device is more preferred.

[0197] [Liquid Crystal Display Device] A liquid crystal display device, which is an example of an image display device, is a liquid crystal display device having an optical film or the like of the present invention and a liquid crystal cell. Of the polarizers provided on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, it is preferable to use the optical film or the like of the present invention as the front polarizer, and it is more preferable to use the optical film or the like of the present invention as the front and rear polarizers. The liquid crystal cell used in the liquid crystal display device is preferably, but not limited to, a VA (Vertical Alignment) mode, an OCB (Optically Compensated Bend) mode, an IPS (In-Plane-Switching) mode, an FFS (Fringe-Field-Switching) mode, or a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode. In a TN-mode liquid crystal cell, rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially horizontally when no voltage is applied, and further twisted at an angle of 60 to 120°. TN-mode liquid crystal cells are most commonly used in color TFT liquid crystal displays and are described in numerous literature. In a VA-mode liquid crystal cell, rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially vertically when no voltage is applied. VA mode liquid crystal cells include (1) narrowly defined VA mode liquid crystal cells in which rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially vertically when no voltage is applied and substantially horizontally when voltage is applied (described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-176625), (2) multi-domain VA mode liquid crystal cells (described in SID97, Digest of tech. Papers (Proceedings) 28 (1997) 845) in order to widen the viewing angle (described in SID97, Digest of tech. Papers (Proceedings) 28 (1997) 845), (3) n-ASM mode liquid crystal cells in which rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially vertically when no voltage is applied and are aligned in a twisted multi-domain manner when voltage is applied (described in Japan Liquid Crystal Symposium Proceedings 58-59 (1998)), and (4) SURVIVAL mode liquid crystal cells (announced at LCD International 98). The VA mode liquid crystal cell may be any of a PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) type, an optical alignment type, and a PSA (Polymer-Sustained Alignment) type.Details of these modes are described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-215326 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-538819. In an IPS mode liquid crystal cell, rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially parallel to the substrates, and the liquid crystal molecules respond in a planar manner when an electric field parallel to the substrate surface is applied. In the IPS mode, a black display is achieved when no electric field is applied, and the absorption axes of a pair of upper and lower polarizing plates are perpendicular to each other. Methods of using an optical compensation sheet to reduce light leakage during black display in oblique directions and improve the viewing angle are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 10-54982, 11-202323, 9-292522, 11-133408, 11-305217, and 10-307291.

[0198] [Organic EL Display Device] An organic EL display device, which is one example of an image display device, may have, in this order from the viewing side, the polarizing plate of the present invention (a polarizing plate with a polarizer disposed on the viewing side). The organic EL display panel is a display panel configured using organic EL elements each having an organic light-emitting layer (organic electroluminescence layer) sandwiched between electrodes (a cathode and an anode). The configuration of the organic EL display panel is not particularly limited, and a known configuration may be used.

[0199] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, treatment contents, treatment procedures, etc. shown in the following examples can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the examples shown below.

[0200] Example 1 Preparation of Cellulose Acylate Film (Support) Preparation of Core Layer Cellulose Acylate Dope 1 The following components were charged into a mixing tank and stirred to dissolve the components, thereby preparing Core Layer Cellulose Acylate Dope 1.

[0201] Core layer cellulose acylate dope 1 -------------------------------------------------- Cellulose acetate having an acetyl substitution degree of 2.88: 100 parts by mass Polyester described below: 12 parts by mass Durability improver described below: 4 parts by mass Methylene chloride (first solvent): 430 parts by mass Methanol (second solvent): 64 parts by mass

[0202] Polyester (number average molecular weight: 800)

[0203] Durability improver

[0204] <Preparation of Outer Layer Cellulose Acylate Dope 1> To 90 parts by mass of the above-mentioned core layer cellulose acylate dope 1, 10 parts by mass of the following matting agent dispersion 1 was added to prepare outer layer cellulose acylate dope 1.

[0205] ------------------------------------------------------------------ Matting agent dispersion 1 -------------------------------------------------- Silica particles with an average particle size of 20 nm (AEROSIL R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) 2 parts by mass Methylene chloride (first solvent) 76 parts by mass Methanol (second solvent) 11 parts by mass Core layer cellulose acylate dope 1 1 part by mass ------------------------------------------------------------------

[0206] <Preparation of Cellulose Acylate Film 1 (Support)> The core layer cellulose acylate dope 1 and the outer layer cellulose acylate dope 1 were filtered using filter paper with an average pore size of 34 μm and a sintered metal filter with an average pore size of 10 μm. Then, using a band casting machine, the core layer cellulose acylate dope 1 and the outer layer cellulose acylate dope 1 on both sides were simultaneously cast onto a drum at 20°C from the casting nozzle. The film was then peeled off from the drum while the solvent content of the film on the drum was approximately 20% by mass. Both ends of the resulting film in the width direction were fixed with tenter clips, and the film was stretched 1.1 times in the width direction while drying while the solvent content of the film was 3 to 15% by mass. The resulting film was then further dried by transporting it between the rolls of a heat treatment device to produce cellulose acylate film 1 with a thickness of 40 μm. The retardation of the cellulose acylate film 1 was measured, and the results were Re(550)=1 nm and Rth(550)=-5 nm.

[0207] [Preparation of Photo-Alignment Film 1 and Optically Anisotropic Layer 1 (Base Material)] <Preparation of Composition 1 for Photo-Alignment Film> Composition 1 for photo-alignment film having the following composition was prepared.

[0208] ------------------------------------------------------------------ Photo-alignment film composition 1 -------------------------------------------------- Copolymer C1 (described below) 100 parts by mass Thermal acid generator D1 (described below) 3.57 parts by mass Stabilizer DIPEA (described below) 0.36 parts by mass Butyl acetate 714 parts by mass Methyl ethyl ketone 476 parts by mass ------------------------------------------------------------------

[0209] Copolymer C1 (weight average molecular weight: 40,000)

[0210] Thermal Acid Generator D1

[0211] Stabilizer DIPEA

[0212] <Preparation of composition 1 for forming optically anisotropic layer> Composition 1 for forming optically anisotropic layer having the following composition was prepared.

[0213] ------------------------------------------------ Composition 1 for forming optically anisotropic layer------------------------------------------------ 27.00 parts by mass of liquid crystal compound R1 shown below 20.00 parts by mass of liquid crystal compound R2 shown below 20.00 parts by mass of liquid crystal compound R3 shown below 16.50 parts by mass of liquid crystal compound R4 shown below 16.50 parts by mass of liquid crystal compound R5 shown below 15.00 parts by mass of additive M1 shown below 3.00 parts by mass of additive M2 shown below 0.50 parts by mass of photopolymerization initiator S1 shown below 0.09 parts by mass of surfactant P1 shown below 179.67 parts by mass of cyclopentanone 53.67 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone ------------------------------------------------

[0214] Liquid crystal compound R1 [Δn(450) / Δn(550): 0.58]

[0215] Liquid crystal compound R2 (in the following formula, t-Bu represents a tert-butyl group) [Δn(450) / Δn(550): 0.68]

[0216] Liquid crystal compound R3 (in the following formula, the group adjacent to the acryloyloxy group represents a propylene group (a group in which a methyl group is substituted with an ethylene group)) [Δn(450) / Δn(550): 0.80]

[0217] Liquid crystal compound R4 [Δn(450) / Δn(550): 1.03]

[0218] Liquid crystal compound R5 [Δn(450) / Δn(550): 1.02]

[0219] Additive M1

[0220] Additive M2

[0221] Polymerization initiator S1

[0222] Surfactant P1 (The numbers in the following formula indicate the content (% by mass) of each repeating unit relative to the total repeating units in leveling agent P1.)

[0223] <Preparation of Photo-Alignment Film 1 and Optically Anisotropic Layer 1 (Substrate)> The previously prepared composition 1 for photo-alignment film was continuously coated on one side of the prepared cellulose acylate film 1 (support) using a bar coater. After coating, the coating was dried in a heating zone at 120°C for 1 minute to remove the solvent, forming a photoisomerizable composition layer with a thickness of 0.3 µm. Next, the coating was wound around a mirror-finished backup roll and irradiated with polarized ultraviolet light (10 mJ / cm ２ , using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp) to form a photo-alignment film 1. Next, the previously prepared composition 1 for forming an optically anisotropic layer was applied to the long-form photo-alignment film 1 using a bar coater to form a composition layer. The temperature in the application chamber was set to 23°C. The formed composition layer was heated to 120°C in a heating zone and then cooled to 60°C. Thereafter, while maintaining the temperature, it was irradiated with ultraviolet light (300 mJ / cm) in a nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration 100 ppm). ２ The alignment was fixed by irradiating the substrate with a light source (using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp) to prepare an optically anisotropic layer 1 (substrate) having a thickness of 2.2 μm. The peel strength of the obtained optically anisotropic layer 1 (substrate) at the interface with the photo-alignment film 1 was 0.05 N / 25 mm. When the optically anisotropic layer 1 was peeled off and measured, it was found that the slow axis direction was the longitudinal direction of the film, the in-plane retardation Re(550) was 130 nm, and Re(450) / Re(550) was 0.85, confirming that the optically anisotropic layer 1 was a positive A plate.

[0224] [Preparation of Cured Liquid Crystal Layer 1 (Preparation of Optical Film)] <Preparation of Liquid Crystal Composition 1> Liquid crystal composition 1 having the following composition was prepared.

[0225] 41 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound R1 24.80 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound R2 24.80 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound R3 10.00 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound R4 20.20 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound R5 20.20 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound R6 15.00 parts by mass of the additive M1 3.00 parts by mass of the following boronic acid monomer B1 8.00 parts by mass of DPHA-76 (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd.) below 3.00 parts by mass of the polymerization initiator S1 Cyclopentanone 232.96 parts by mass Methyl ethyl ketone 116.48 parts by mass Isopropyl alcohol 19.41 parts by mass Methanol 19.41 parts by mass 0.21 parts by mass of surfactant P2-1 (surfactant A) shown later 0.21 parts by mass of surfactant P2-2 (surfactant B) shown later

[0226] Boronic Acid Monomer B1

[0227] DPHA-76

[0228] <Preparation of Liquid Crystal Cured Layer 1> A discharge amount of 150 W·min / m was applied to the surface of the optically anisotropic layer 1 (substrate) on the air interface side (opposite to the photo-alignment film 1). ２The corona-treated surface was then coated with the previously prepared liquid crystal composition 1 using a die coater to form a composition layer. The composition was then heated at 65°C for 60 seconds to dry the solvent in the liquid crystal composition 1 and to ripen the liquid crystal compound into an aligned state. The composition was then irradiated with ultraviolet light (cumulative light intensity: 150 mJ / cm) at 50°C under a nitrogen purge with an oxygen concentration of 100 ppm. ２ ) to fix the alignment, forming a 1.5 μm thick liquid crystal cured layer 1, and producing an optical film 1 [layer structure: cellulose acylate film 1 (support) / photo-alignment film 1 / optically anisotropic layer 1 (base material) / liquid crystal cured layer 1]. Next, a laminate of the optically anisotropic layer 1 and the liquid crystal cured layer 1 was peeled off from the produced optical film 1, and the phase difference of the laminate was measured. The phase difference of the liquid crystal cured layer 1 was calculated by subtracting the phase difference of the optically anisotropic layer 1 measured in advance. The retardation in the thickness direction RthC(550) was −90 nm, and RthC(450) / RthC(550) was 0.88, confirming that the liquid crystal cured layer 1 was a positive C plate (nz>nx=ny).

[0229] Examples 2 to 10 Liquid crystal compositions 2 to 10, cured liquid crystal layers 2 to 10, and optical films 2 to 10 of Examples 2 to 10 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that surfactant A and surfactant B contained in liquid crystal composition 1 were changed to the surfactants shown in the table below.

[0230] Example 11 A liquid crystal composition 11, a cured liquid crystal layer 11, and an optical film 11 of Example 11 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the five liquid crystal compounds R1 to R5 used in the liquid crystal composition 1 were replaced with the following liquid crystal compound R6, and the blending amount of the compound was set to 100 parts by mass.

[0231] Liquid crystal compound R6

[0232] Example 12 Preparation of Optically Anisotropic Layer 2 (Base Material) <Preparation of Composition 2 for Forming Optically Anisotropic Layer> Composition 2 for forming optically anisotropic layer having the following composition was prepared.

[0233] ------------------------------------------------ Optically anisotropic layer forming composition 2 -------------------------------------------------- 42.00 parts by mass of the above liquid crystal compound R3 42.00 parts by mass of the following liquid crystal compound R7 12.00 parts by mass of the following liquid crystal compound R8 4.00 parts by mass of the following liquid crystal compound T1 0.50 parts by mass of the above polymerization initiator S1 0.20 parts by mass of the above surfactant P1 2.00 parts by mass of Hisorb MTEM (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 1.00 part by mass of NK Ester A-200 (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) 424.80 parts by mass of ------------------------------------------------

[0234] The group adjacent to the acryloyloxy group in the following liquid crystal compound R7 represents a propylene group (a group in which a methyl group is substituted with an ethylene group), and the following liquid crystal compound R7 represents a mixture of positional isomers in which the position of the methyl group is different.

[0235] Liquid crystal compound R7 [Δn(450) / Δn(550): 0.75]

[0236] Liquid crystal compound R8 [Δn(450) / Δn(550): 1.03]

[0237] Liquid crystal compound T1 [Δn(450) / Δn(550): 1.03]

[0238] <Preparation of Optically Anisotropic Layer 2 (Substrate)> A photo-alignment film 1 was formed on a cellulose acylate film 1 (support) in the same manner as in Example 1. Next, the previously prepared optically anisotropic layer-forming agent 2 was applied to the photo-alignment film 1 using a die coater to form a composition layer. The formed composition layer was heated to a temperature at which it exhibited an isotropic phase, and then cooled to a temperature at which it exhibited a smectic phase, thereby stabilizing the orientation. Thereafter, while maintaining the temperature, the layer was irradiated with ultraviolet light (cumulative light intensity: 500 mJ / cm) in a nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration 100 ppm). ２ The alignment was fixed by irradiating the liquid crystal alignment film with a 2 μm-thick optically anisotropic layer 2 (substrate) using a 1000 W (1000 W) laser beam (using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp), and the resulting optically anisotropic layer 2 had a peel strength of 0.05 N / 25 mm at the interface with the liquid crystal alignment film. When the retardation of the optically anisotropic layer 2 was measured after peeling, it was found that the slow axis direction was the longitudinal direction of the film, the in-plane retardation Re(550) was 130 nm, and Re(450) / Re(550) was 0.85, confirming that the optically anisotropic layer 2 was a positive A plate.

[0239] [Preparation of Cured Liquid Crystal Layer 12 (Preparation of Optical Film)] <Preparation of Liquid Crystal Composition 12> A liquid crystal composition 12 having the following composition was prepared.

[0240] -------------------------------- Liquid Crystal Composition 12 -------------------------------------------------- 54.00 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound R3 described above 10.00 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound R7 described above 28.00 parts by mass of the following liquid crystal compound R9 8.00 parts by mass of the above liquid crystal compound T1 4.50 parts by mass of the above boronic acid monomer B1 12.00 parts by mass of the following NK ester A-600 (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1.50 parts by mass of the above polymerization initiator S1 225.00 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone 25.00 parts by mass of methanol 0.11 parts by mass of surfactant P2-1 (surfactant A) described later 0.11 parts by mass of surfactant P2-2 (surfactant B) described later ------------------------------------------------

[0241] Liquid crystal compound R9 (a mixture of the following liquid crystal compounds (RA), (RB), and (RC) in a mass ratio of 83:15:2, where Me represents a methyl group).

[0242] NK Ester A-600

[0243] <Preparation of Cured Liquid Crystal Layer 12> A discharge amount of 150 W·min / m was applied to the surface of the optically anisotropic layer 2 (substrate) on the air interface side (opposite to the photo-alignment film 1). ２ The corona-treated surface was then coated with the previously prepared liquid crystal composition 12 using a die coater to form a composition layer. The composition was then heated at 65°C for 60 seconds to dry the solvent in the liquid crystal composition 12 and to ripen the liquid crystal compound into an aligned state. The composition was then irradiated with ultraviolet light (cumulative light intensity: 150 mJ / cm) at 50°C under a nitrogen purge with an oxygen concentration of 100 ppm. ２) to fix the alignment, forming a 1.5 μm thick liquid crystal cured layer 12, and an optical film 12 [layer structure: cellulose acylate film 1 (support) / photo-alignment film 1 / optically anisotropic layer 2 (base material) / liquid crystal cured layer 12] was produced. Next, a laminate of the optically anisotropic layer 2 and the liquid crystal cured layer 12 was peeled from the produced optical film 12, and the phase difference of the laminate was measured. The phase difference of the liquid crystal cured layer 12 was calculated by subtracting the phase difference of the optically anisotropic layer 2 measured in advance. The retardation in the thickness direction RthC(550) was −90 nm, and RthC(450) / RthC(550) was 0.88, confirming that the liquid crystal cured layer 12 was a positive C plate (nz>nx=ny).

[0244] Example 13 Preparation of Cured Liquid Crystal Layer 13 (Preparation of Optical Film) <Preparation of Liquid Crystal Composition 13> Liquid crystal composition 13 having the following composition was prepared.

[0245] -------------------------------- Liquid Crystal Composition 13 -------------------------------------------------- 100.0 parts by mass of the above liquid crystal compound R9 5.0 parts by mass of the following photopolymerization initiator S2 2.0 parts by mass of the following photopolymerization initiator S3 2.0 parts by mass of the following alignment aid A1 4.5 parts by mass of the above boronic acid monomer B1 8.0 parts by mass of the below A-TMMT (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) 426.0 parts by mass of acetone 49.0 parts by mass of PGMEA 14.7 parts by mass of methanol 0.25 parts by mass of surfactant P2-1 (surfactant A) shown later 0.25 parts by mass of surfactant P2-2 (surfactant B) shown later --------------------------------------------------

[0246] Photopolymerization initiator S2

[0247] Photopolymerization initiator S3

[0248] Orientation Aid A1

[0249] A-TMMT (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.)

[0250] <Preparation of Cured Liquid Crystal Layer 13> A cycloolefin polymer (hereinafter also referred to as "COP") film 1 (Re=134 nm, Rth=67 nm, manufactured by JSR Corporation) formed on a protective film was applied to the cycloolefin polymer film 1 side with a discharge amount of 125 W·min / m ２ The corona-treated surface was then coated with the previously prepared liquid crystal composition 13 using a #3.6 wire bar. The solvent in the liquid crystal composition 13 was then dried and the liquid crystal compound was aged in alignment. The coated surface was then heated with hot air at 70°C for 90 seconds, and then irradiated with ultraviolet light (integrated light intensity: 300 mJ / cm) at 40°C under a nitrogen purge and an oxygen concentration of 0.1% by volume. ２ ) was performed, and the orientation of the liquid crystal compound was fixed to form a liquid crystal cured layer 13, and an optical film 13 [layer structure: protect film / COP film 1 (substrate) / liquid crystal cured layer 13] was produced. Next, the protect film was peeled off from the produced optical film 13, and the phase difference was measured. The in-plane retardation Re(550) was 134 nm, and the thickness direction retardation Rth(550) was -28 nm. Furthermore, Re(450) / Re(550) was 1.01, and Rth(450) / Rth(550) was 1.06. In other words, the in-plane retardation Re(550) of the liquid crystal cured layer 13 was 0 nm, and the thickness direction retardation Rth(550) was -95 nm, and it was confirmed that the liquid crystal cured layer 13 was a positive C plate (nz>nx=ny).

[0251] Example 14 Preparation of Polymerizable Composition 1 Polymerizable composition 1 having the following composition was prepared.

[0252] ------------------------------------------------ Polymerizable composition 1------------------------------------------------ 71.8 parts by mass of the above-mentioned A-TMMT (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) 23.9 parts by mass of the above-mentioned NK Ester A-600 (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) 4.3 parts by mass of the above-mentioned boronic acid monomer B1 5.0 parts by mass of the above-mentioned photopolymerization initiator S2 382.8 parts by mass of acetone 44.0 parts by mass of PGMEA 13.2 parts by mass of methanol 0.25 parts by mass of the following surfactant P2-1 (surfactant A) 0.25 parts by mass of the following surfactant P2-2 (surfactant B) --------------------------------------------------

[0253] <Preparation of Polymerizable Composition Cured Layer 1> The protective film was peeled off from the prepared optical film 13 [layer structure: protective film / COP film 1 (substrate) / cured liquid crystal layer 13, retardation: Re(550) 134 nm, Rth(550) -25 nm, Re(450) / Re(550) 1.01, Rth(450) / Rth(550) 1.06], and a protective film was newly attached to the cured liquid crystal layer 13 side to form an optically anisotropic layer 3 [layer structure: protective film / cured liquid crystal layer 13 / COP film 1 (substrate)]. A discharge current of 125 W min / m was applied to the COP film 1 side of the optically anisotropic layer 3. ２ The corona-treated surface was then coated with the previously prepared polymerizable composition 1 using a #3.6 wire bar. Subsequently, the substrate was heated with hot air at 70°C for 90 seconds to dry the solvent in the polymerizable composition 1 and ripen the liquid crystal compound into an aligned state. The substrate was then irradiated with ultraviolet light (cumulative light intensity: 300 mJ / cm) at 40°C under a nitrogen purge and with an oxygen concentration of 0.1% by volume. ２) was carried out to form a polymerizable composition cured layer 1, and an optical film 14 [layer structure: protective film / liquid crystal cured layer 13 / COP film 1 (substrate) / polymerizable composition cured layer 1] was produced. Next, the protective film was peeled off from the produced optical film 14, and the phase difference was measured. The in-plane retardation Re(550) was 134 nm, and the thickness direction retardation Rth(550) was −28 nm. Furthermore, Re(450) / Re(550) was 1.01, and Rth(450) / Rth(550) was 1.06. In other words, it was confirmed that the in-plane retardation Re(550) of the polymerizable composition cured layer 1 was 0 nm, and the thickness direction retardation Rth(550) was 0 nm.

[0254] Example 15 A liquid crystal composition 15, a liquid crystal cured layer 15, and an optical film 15 of Example 15 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that surfactant A and surfactant B contained in liquid crystal composition 1 were changed to the surfactants shown in the table below.

[0255] Examples 16 to 19 Liquid crystal compositions 16 to 19, cured liquid crystal layers 16 to 19, and optical films 16 to 19 of Examples 16 to 19 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 13, except that surfactant A and surfactant B contained in liquid crystal composition 13 were changed to the surfactants shown in the table below.

[0256] [Example 20] A liquid crystal cured layer 20 and an optical film 20 of Example 20 were produced in the same manner as in Example 19, except that a cycloolefin polymer film 2 (Re = 134 nm, Rth = 67 nm) obtained by longitudinally stretching Zeonorfilm ZF14 (manufactured by Zeon Corporation) was used instead of the cycloolefin polymer film 1 of Example 19.

[0257] [Example 21] A liquid crystal composition 21, a liquid crystal cured layer 21, and an optical film 21 of Example 21 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 19, except that the contents of surfactant A and surfactant B contained in the liquid crystal composition of Example 19 were changed to the contents shown in the table below.

[0258] [Example 22] A liquid crystal cured layer 22 and an optical film 22 of Example 22 were produced in the same manner as in Example 21, except that the cycloolefin polymer film 2 (Re = 134 nm, Rth = 67 nm) was used instead of the cycloolefin polymer film 1 of Example 21.

[0259] Comparative Examples 1 to 3 Liquid crystal compositions C1 to C3, cured liquid crystal layers C1 to C3, and optical films C1 to C3 of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that surfactant A and surfactant B contained in liquid crystal composition 1 were changed to the surfactants shown in the table below.

[0260] [Surfactants] The surfactants used in each example and comparative example are shown below. In the following formulas, the content of each repeating unit is shown in mass %, and Mw represents the weight average molecular weight measured by the method described above.

[0261]

[0262]

[0263]

[0264]

[0265] [Measurement] (1) Silicon Atom Content The silicon atom content of the silicon-based surfactant used in each example was calculated by the method described above.

[0266] (2) Saturated Adsorption Amount at Each Gas-Liquid Interface The saturated adsorption amount at each gas-liquid interface for the surfactants used in each Example and Comparative Example was calculated by the method described above.

[0267] (3) Surface Free Energy (EA) of Cured Product A and Surface Free Energy (EB) of Cured Product B The surface free energy (EA) of cured product A was measured by mixing 0.25 parts by mass of surfactant A shown in the table, 100.0 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound R described above, 426.0 parts by mass of acetone, and 5.0 parts by mass of the photopolymerization initiator Y described above to prepare a mixture A for measurement, applying the mixture A for measurement to a cellulose acylate film with a #3.6 wire bar to form a coating film A, drying the coating film A with hot air at 70°C for 90 seconds, and then irradiating the film with ultraviolet light at an integrated light intensity of 300 mJ / cm at 40°C under a nitrogen purge with an oxygen concentration of 0.1% by volume. ２ Coating film A was irradiated with light at a wavelength of 1000 nm to form cured product A. Then, a contact angle meter was used to measure the contact angles of pure water and methylene iodide on the measurement surface, and the contact angle of pure water was calculated as θ Ｈ２Ｏ The contact angle of methylene iodide is θ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ Then, γs is calculated by the simultaneous equations consisting of equations (SA) and (SB). ｄ (dispersion component, unit: mN / m) and γs ｈ (hydrogen bond component, unit: mN / m) is calculated, and the value γs ｖ (=γs ｄ +γs ｈ ) was defined as the surface free energy of the measurement surface. The contact angle was measured by conditioning the measurement object for 2 hours or more in an environment of 20 to 27°C and 50 to 65% RH (relative humidity), and then measuring the contact angle of the measurement surface in an environment of 25°C and 60% RH. 1 + cosθ Ｈ２Ｏ = 2√γs ｄ (√γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｄ / γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｖ ) + 2√γs ｈ (√γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｈ / γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｖ ) Formula (SA) 1+cosθ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ = 2√γs ｄ (√γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｄ / γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｖ ) + 2√γs ｈ (√γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｈ / γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ｖ ) Formula (SB) where γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｄ (dispersion component of pure water, unit: mN / m) = 21.8, γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｈ (hydrogen bond component of pure water, unit: mN / m) = 51.0, γ Ｈ２Ｏ ｖ (surface free energy of pure water, unit: mN / m) = 72.8, γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｄ (dispersion component of methylene iodide, unit: mN / m) = 49.5, γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｈ (hydrogen bond component of methylene iodide, unit: mN / m) = 1.3, γ ＣＨ２Ｉ２ ｖ (Surface free energy of methylene iodide, unit: mN / m)=50.8.

[0268] The surface free energy (EB) of the cured product B was calculated in the same manner as the above measurement method, except that surfactant A shown in the table was changed to surfactant B.

[0269] (4) Component Analysis by TOF-SIMS (Secondary Ion Intensity A and Secondary Ion Intensity B) The component analysis was carried out by irradiating the surface of each hardened layer obtained by the above method opposite to the substrate (surface on the air interface side) with an ion beam using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (Bi ３＋ Using a primary ion gun and an Ar gas cluster ion beam (Ar-GCIB), component analysis was performed at 10 different locations in a measurement range extending from the surface to a depth of 1 nm along the thickness direction of the optical film. The measurement targets were the respective liquid crystal cured layers in Examples 1 to 22, and the polymerizable composition cured layer 1 in Example 14. The intensity of the fragment ions derived from surfactant A obtained by the component analysis was defined as secondary ion intensity A. The intensity of the fragment ions derived from surfactant B obtained by the component analysis was defined as secondary ion intensity B. Analysis device: TOF-SIMS V (manufactured by Ion TOF Inc.) Analysis conditions: Bi ３＋Measured under the conditions of primary ion gun (25 kV, 0.2 pA), measurement area: 300 μm x 300 μm, 256 x 256 pixels, one integration. ・Used in combination with a low-speed electron gun (20 eV) for charging correction. ・Ar-GCIB sputtering under the conditions of 10 kV, 5.2 nA, area 500 μm x 500 μm.

[0270] (5) Arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the hardened layer The arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the hardened layer was measured using an AFM under the following measurement conditions at 10 arbitrary points on the measurement surface within a measurement range of 6 μm. ２ The in-plane average roughness of a surface (e.g., 2 μm × 3 μm) is measured, and the arithmetic average value is taken as the arithmetic average roughness Ra. The measurement targets are the respective liquid crystal cured layers in Examples 1 to 13 and 15 to 22, and the polymerizable composition cured layer 1 in Example 14. Probe: Tip curvature radius 12 nm or less, spring constant 20 to 80 N / m Mode: Peak Force Tapping, 1 to 2 kHz

[0271] (6) Surface Tension of Composition The surface tension of each composition prepared above was measured three times by the Wilhelmy method, and the arithmetic mean value of these measurements was used to measure the surface tension of the composition. The measurement targets were the respective liquid crystal compositions in Examples 1 to 13 and 15 to 22, and polymerizable composition 1 in Example 14.

[0272] (7) Surface Free Energy of Cured Layer The surface free energy of the cured layer was measured in the same manner as the above-mentioned surface free energy (EA and EB). The measurement targets were the liquid crystal cured layers in Examples 1 to 13 and 15 to 22, and the polymerizable composition cured layer 1 in Example 14.

[0273] [Evaluation] (1) Surface Unevenness The surface unevenness was evaluated by inserting the cured layer prepared in each Example and Comparative Example between polarizing plates, observing the sample under crossed Nicols, and evaluating it according to the following criteria. The evaluation targets were the respective liquid crystal cured layers in Examples 1 to 13 and 15 to 22, and the polymerizable composition cured layer 1 in Example 14. A: No visible unevenness B: Unevenness was visible, and the area where the unevenness was visible was 10% or less C: Unevenness was visible, and the area where the unevenness was visible was more than 10%

[0274] (2) Adhesion to Adjacent Layers Adhesion to adjacent layers was evaluated by the following method. The evaluation targets were the respective liquid crystal cured layers in Examples 1 to 13 and 15 to 22, and the polymerizable composition cured layer 1 in Example 14.

[0275] [Preparation of First Polarizing Plate] A cellulose acylate film (FUJITAC TD40ULC, manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation) was immersed in a 1.5 mol / L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (saponification solution) adjusted to 37°C for 1 minute, rinsed with water, and then immersed in a 0.05 mol / L aqueous sulfuric acid solution for 30 seconds, followed by passing through a water washing bath. The film was then repeatedly drained three times with an air knife, and after removing the water, allowed to remain in a drying zone at 70°C for 15 seconds to dry, thereby preparing a saponified cellulose acylate film. Subsequently, the film was stretched in the longitudinal direction by applying a peripheral speed difference between two pairs of nip rolls in accordance with Example 1 of JP 2001-141926 A, to prepare a polarizer 1 having a thickness of 12 μm. Next, the polarizer 1 prepared above was sandwiched between the cured liquid crystal layer, the cured polymerizable composition layer, and the saponified cellulose acylate film prepared in each Example and Comparative Example, and then laminated by roll-to-roll using a 3% by mass aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-117H, manufactured by Kuraray) as an adhesive so that the absorption axis of the polarizer was parallel to the longitudinal direction of the film and the cured liquid crystal layer (layer structure: cured liquid crystal layer or cured polymerizable composition layer / polyvinyl alcohol / polarizer 1 / polyvinyl alcohol / cellulose acylate film). Here, the coated surface of the cured liquid crystal layer or cured polymerizable composition layer on one side of polarizer 1 faced polarizer 1, and the cellulose acylate film was used on the other side of the polarizer. Next, for Examples 1 to 12 and 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the laminated layers were cured by drying at 70°C for 10 minutes, and then the cellulose acylate film on the cured liquid crystal layer side was peeled off to prepare a first polarizing plate for evaluation. In addition, for Examples 13 and 16 to 22, after lamination, the films were cured by drying at 70° C. for 10 minutes, and then the protective film on the COP film side was peeled off to prepare a first polarizing plate for evaluation.

[0276] [Production of second polarizing plate] <Preparation of adhesive composition 1> The following compounds were mixed in the ratios shown below to prepare adhesive composition 1. ---------------------------------------------------------------- Adhesive composition 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Polymerizable compound (Aronix M-220, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) 20 parts by mass Polymerizable compound (4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, manufactured by Nippon Kasei Co., Ltd.) 40 parts by mass Polymerizable compound (2-ethylhexyl acrylate, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) 40 parts by mass Polymerization initiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by BASF) 1.5 parts by mass Sensitizer (KAYACURE DETX-S, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 0.5 parts by mass ----------------------------------------------------------------

[0277] <Preparation of second polarizing plate> Polarizer 1 and a saponified cellulose acylate film were attached by roll-to-roll bonding using a 3% aqueous solution of PVA (PVA-117H, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) as an adhesive so that the absorption axis of the polarizer was parallel to the longitudinal direction of the film, thereby preparing polarizer 1 (polarizer 1 / polyvinyl alcohol / cellulose acylate film) with a protective film on one side. Next, the cured liquid crystal layer and the cured polymerizable composition layer prepared in each Example and Comparative Example were subjected to a discharge of 150 W min / m. ２ After that, the adhesive composition 1 was applied to a film thickness of 0.5 μm. Thereafter, the adhesive-coated surface was attached to one polarizer surface of the polarizer 1 with a one-side protective film, and ultraviolet light was applied at 300 mJ / cm from the liquid crystal cured layer side at 40° C. in an atmospheric atmosphere. ２The films were irradiated with light and laminated (layer structure: cured liquid crystal layer or cured polymerizable composition layer / adhesive layer 1 / polarizer 1 / polyvinyl alcohol / cellulose acylate film). Subsequently, for Examples 1 to 12, 15, and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the films were cured by drying at 60°C for 3 minutes after lamination, and then the cellulose acylate film on the cured liquid crystal layer side was peeled off to prepare a second polarizing plate for evaluation. Furthermore, for Examples 13 and 16 to 22, the films were cured by drying at 60°C for 3 minutes after lamination, and then the protective film on the COP film side was peeled off to prepare a second polarizing plate for evaluation.

[0278] [Production of Third Polarizing Plate] <Preparation of Adhesive Composition 2> The following compounds were mixed in the ratios shown below to prepare Adhesive Composition 2. ---------------------------------------------------------------- Adhesive composition 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Polymerizable compound (Aronix M-220, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) 16 parts by mass Polymerizable compound (4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, manufactured by Nippon Kasei Co., Ltd.) 31 parts by mass Polymerizable compound (2-ethylhexyl acrylate, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) 31 parts by mass Silane coupling agent (KBM-5803, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 20 parts by mass Polymerization initiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by BASF) 1.5 parts by mass Sensitizer (KAYACURE DETX-S, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 0.5 parts by mass ----------------------------------------------------------------

[0279] <Preparation of Third Polarizing Plate> A third polarizing plate for evaluation was prepared in the same manner as the preparation of the second polarizing plate, except that adhesive composition 2 was used instead of adhesive composition 1. For the prepared first, second, and third polarizing plates, 100 grids were made at 1 mm intervals on the surface of the cured liquid crystal layer or cured polymerizable composition layer, and an adhesion test was performed using cellophane tape (manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.). New cellophane tape was applied and then peeled off, and the adhesion was evaluated according to the following criteria. The grids were prepared by making cuts from the cured liquid crystal layer or cured polymerizable composition layer side to the surface of the polarizer. A: No peeling of the grid squares occurred. B: 50% or more but less than 100% of the grid squares did not peel off. C: Less than 50% of the grid squares did not peel off.

[0280] (3) Adhesion Strength with Adjacent Layers The second polarizing plate prepared above was cut to a length of 80 mm and a width of 25 mm, and the side of the cured liquid crystal layer or cured polymerizable composition layer was attached to glass using an acrylic adhesive (layer structure: glass / adhesive / second polarizing plate (cured liquid crystal layer or cured polymerizable composition layer / adhesive layer / polarizer 1 / polyvinyl alcohol / cellulose acylate film)). Subsequently, an incision was made between the cured liquid crystal layer or cured polymerizable composition layer and the adhesive layer at the end cross section in the width direction of the second polarizing plate using a cutter knife. Using the incision as a trigger, the peel force between the cured liquid crystal layer and the adhesive layer was measured using a Tensilon universal material testing machine (peel speed 300 mm, peel angle 90°) and evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1 below. A: Peel force of 0.5 N or more B: Peel force of 0.1 N or more but less than 0.5 N C: Peel force less than 0.1 N

[0281]

[0282] The results shown in Table 1 confirm that when the composition of the present invention containing surfactant A and surfactant B was used, surface unevenness was suppressed and cured layers with excellent adhesion to adjacent layers could be produced for all of the first, second, and third polarizing plates produced. On the other hand, when a composition not containing surfactant A or surfactant B was used, it was confirmed that it was difficult to achieve both suppression of surface unevenness and good adhesion to adjacent layers (Comparative Examples 1 to 3). Note that the evaluation of adhesion to adjacent layers was the same for the first, second, and third polarizing plates.

[0283] A comparison of Examples 1, 3-4, and 9-14 with Examples 2 and 5 confirmed that, when Formulas (I) to (IV) are satisfied, surface unevenness is further suppressed and adhesion to adjacent layers is also superior. A similar comparison confirmed that, when the secondary ion strength A is 0.01 or more and the secondary ion strength B is 0.01 or more, surface unevenness is further suppressed and adhesion to adjacent layers is also superior. A comparison of Examples 1, 3-4, and 9-14 with Examples 6-8 confirmed that, when the surface free energy of cured product A is EA mN / m and the surface free energy of cured product B is EB mN / m, and the relationship of Formula (Ia) is satisfied, surface unevenness is further suppressed and adhesion to adjacent layers is also superior.

[0284] Comparison of Examples 1 and 13 with Examples 15 to 18 confirmed that when surfactant A and surfactant B are copolymers having a repeating unit B containing an acryloyloxy group as a polymerizable group, the adhesive strength with adjacent layers is superior.

Claims

1. A composition comprising a polymerizable compound, a solvent, a surfactant A having a silicon atom, and a surfactant B having a silicon atom, wherein the saturated adsorption amount SA of surfactant A at the gas-liquid interface is greater than the saturated adsorption amount SB of surfactant B at the gas-liquid interface.

2. The composition according to claim 1, which satisfies the relationship of formula (I) when the surface free energy of cured product A is EAmN / m and the surface free energy of cured product B is EBmN / m, and which satisfies the relationships of formulas (II), (III), and (IV) when the content of surfactant A relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound in the composition is a parts by mass, and the content of surfactant B relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound in the composition is b parts by mass. EA-EB>0 (I) 0<a<10.00 (II) 0<b<10.00 (III) 0.12<a / b<8.99 (IV) EA: 0.25 parts by mass of the surfactant A, 100.0 parts by mass of liquid crystal compound R, 426.0 parts by mass of acetone, and 5.0 parts by mass of photopolymerization initiator Y were mixed to prepare a measurement mixture A, and the measurement mixture A was applied to a substrate to form a coating film A. The coating film A was dried at 70°C for 90 seconds, and then irradiated with ultraviolet light at an integrated light intensity of 300 mJ / cm under a nitrogen purge at an oxygen concentration of 0.1% by volume at 40°C. ２ The coating film A is irradiated with light at a wavelength of 100.0 nm to form the cured product A. The surface free energy of the surface of the obtained cured product A opposite to the substrate is defined as EA. EB: 0.25 parts by mass of the surfactant B, 100.0 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound R, 426.0 parts by mass of the acetone, and 5.0 parts by mass of the photopolymerization initiator Y are mixed to prepare a measurement mixture B, and the measurement mixture B is applied to a substrate to form a coating film B. The coating film B is then dried at 70°C for 90 seconds, and then irradiated with ultraviolet light at an integrated light intensity of 300 mJ / cm under a nitrogen purge at an oxygen concentration of 0.1% by volume at 40°C. ２ to form the cured product B. The surface free energy of the surface of the obtained cured product B opposite to the substrate is defined as EB. The liquid crystal compound R is a mixture of liquid crystal compounds RA, RB, and RC in a mass ratio of 83:15:2, and Me in the formulas of liquid crystal compound RB and liquid crystal compound RC represents a methyl group.

3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the surface free energy of the cured product A is EA mN / m and the surface free energy of the cured product B is EB mN / m, and the relationship of formula (Ia) is satisfied: 4.1<EA-EB<8.9 (Ia).

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SA is 1,000 to 2,300 and the gas-liquid interface saturated adsorption amount SB is 300 to 800.

5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surfactant A has a group represented by formula (S1), and the surfactant B has a group represented by formula (S2). In formula (S1), * represents a bonding position, and n represents an integer of 2 to 140. Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylenearyl group. Ｓ１ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ２ may be the same or different. In formula (S2), * represents a bonding position. Ｓ６ ~R Ｓ９ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylenearyl group. Ｓ６ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ７ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ８ may be the same or different. m1 represents 2 or 3, m2 represents 0 or 1, and m1+m2 is 3.

6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, having a surface tension of 20.0 to 23.4 mN / m.

7. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surfactant A and the surfactant B have a repeating unit represented by formula (X). In formula (X), R Ｘ１ and R Ｘ２ R each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. Ｘ３ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Ｘ１ is —O—, —S— or —NR Ｘ４ represents -, and R Ｘ４ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Ｘ２ represents a single bond or a divalent linking group. Rh represents a substituent having one or more groups selected from the group represented by formula (S1) and the group represented by formula (S2). In formula (S1), * represents a bonding position, and n represents an integer of 2 to 140. Ｓ１ ~R Ｓ５ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylenearyl group. Ｓ１ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ２ may be the same or different. In formula (S2), * represents a bonding position. Ｓ６ ~R Ｓ９ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylenearyl group. Ｓ６ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ７ may be the same or different, and multiple R Ｓ８ may be the same or different. m1 represents 2 or 3, m2 represents 0 or 1, and m1+m2 is 3.

8. The composition according to claim 7, wherein said surfactant A and said surfactant B are copolymers further having a repeating unit B containing a polymerizable group.

9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the polymerizable group is an acryloyloxy group.

10. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polymerizable compound comprises a polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

11. An optical film having a liquid crystal cured layer formed by fixing the alignment state of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the composition according to claim 10.

12. An image display device comprising the optical film according to claim 11.

13. An optical film having a substrate and a cured layer, wherein the cured layer comprises a cured product of a polymerizable compound, a surfactant A having a silicon atom, and a surfactant B having a silicon atom, wherein the saturated adsorption amount SA of the surfactant A at the gas-liquid interface is greater than the saturated adsorption amount SB of the surfactant B at the gas-liquid interface, and when component analysis is performed on the surface of the cured layer opposite the substrate using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, the secondary ion intensity A derived from the surfactant A is 0.001 or more and the secondary ion intensity B derived from the surfactant B is 0.001 or more.

14. The optical film according to claim 13, wherein the secondary ion strength A is 0.01 or more and the secondary ion strength B is 0.01 or more.

15. The optical film according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface of the cured layer opposite to the substrate is 0.45 to 1.00 nm.

16. The optical film according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the surface of the curable layer opposite the substrate has a surface free energy of 22.0 to 25.0 mN / m.

17. A polarizing plate comprising the optical film according to claim 13 or 14 and a polarizer.

18. An image display device comprising the optical film according to claim 13 or 14.

Images