Collision buffering and energy absorption device capable of being folded for storage

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a collision buffering and energy absorption device capable of being folded for storage, comprising a support structure and a collision buffering assembly; the support structure comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and support connection rods, the bottom plate and the top plate being connected to each other at each of four corners by means of one support connection rod; each support connection rod comprises an upper connection rod, a lower connection rod and revolute pairs, the axes of the revolute pairs in each support connection rod being arranged in parallel; the collision buffering assembly is mounted inside the support structure and does not interfere with the support connection rods; when the device is under pressure, the support structure is folded under the action of the pressure and, during the folding process, the collision buffering assembly is deformed by the pressure to absorb collision energy, thus achieving a buffering effect. On the basis of overcoming the defect that traditional collision buffering materials have low longitudinal rigidity and are prone to instability when a collision stroke is too long, the device of the present invention uses an airbag as a collision buffering material to effectively reduce the weight of the device, and can be folded to be stored in a storage state, thus occupying a small space in the storage state.

Description

Foldable collision buffering and energy absorbing device TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a foldable collision buffering and energy absorbing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional collision buffering and energy absorbing devices mostly use material deformation to absorb collision energy, and have many limitations. For example, ordinary collision buffering materials have low longitudinal stiffness, and the material is prone to instability when the collision stroke is too long. Moreover, the material cannot be restored after deformation and can only be used once. In addition, the buffering mechanism is very large and cannot adapt to narrow installation spaces. Most buffering mechanisms can only absorb the energy of frontal collisions and have poor buffering effect on oblique collisions. For example, airbags cannot be too long due to actual material problems. In actual use, they are limited by critical load and are prone to instability, bending and deviation, thereby failing.

[0003] The prior art solves this problem by combining a one-dimensional expansion mechanism and a collision buffering material. For example, in the patent with the publication number CN 113715764 A, a one-dimensional expansion mechanism and an energy absorbing material are combined to obtain a collision buffering and energy absorbing device. The one-dimensional expansion mechanism is composed of upper and lower platforms and a branch chain and can realize one-dimensional stretching and folding. The energy absorbing material inside the one-dimensional expansion mechanism absorbs collision energy during crushing, thereby buffering the collision impact. However, the energy absorbing material selected in the patent is aluminum honeycomb, corrugated pipe, foamed aluminum or glass steel. After being installed in the one-dimensional expansion mechanism, this type of energy absorbing material cannot be folded and stored and occupies a large space, which is not conducive to installation. Moreover, aluminum honeycomb, foamed aluminum and glass steel cannot be reused, the cost is high, and they are not suitable for situations that require frequent collision impact. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a foldable collision buffering and energy absorbing device. By combining an airbag and a support structure, a foldable collision buffering and energy absorbing device is obtained. On the basis of overcoming the defects of traditional collision buffering materials, such as low longitudinal stiffness and material instability when the collision stroke is too long, the airbag is used as the collision buffering material. This makes the collision buffering material reusable, effectively reduces the weight of the device, and the device can be folded and stored when stored, thereby occupying a small space and being conducive to installation.

[0005] To achieve the above technical purposes, the present application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0006] The application discloses a foldable and storable collision buffering and energy absorbing device, which comprises a supporting structure and a collision buffering assembly, wherein the supporting structure comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and supporting connecting rods; the bottom plate and the top plate are square in structure and equal in size, and the planes of the bottom plate and the top plate are parallel to each other; the bottom plate and the top plate are connected by a supporting connecting rod at each corner; the supporting connecting rod comprises an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod and rotary pairs at the two ends of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod; the upper connecting rod, the lower connecting rod and the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are connected by rotary pairs; the rotary pair axes in each supporting connecting rod are arranged in parallel; the rotary pair axes of the two supporting connecting rods arranged at opposite angles are parallel to each other; the rotary pair axes of one of the two supporting connecting rods arranged at adjacent angles are perpendicular to the rotary pair axes of the other supporting connecting rod; the collision buffering assembly is installed in the supporting structure and does not interfere with the supporting connecting rods; when the device is under pressure, the top surface or the bottom surface of the supporting structure is in contact with an object, and the supporting structure is folded under the action of pressure; in the folding process, the collision buffering assembly in the supporting structure is deformed under pressure to absorb collision energy, thereby playing a buffering role.

[0007] Preferably, the collision buffering assembly is an air bag, the two ends of the air bag are connected with the bottom plate and the top plate respectively, and the air bag is sequentially provided with a fireproof and explosion-proof layer, a pressure bearing layer and an air-tight layer from outside to inside; the bottom of the air bag is provided with a gas charging and discharging assembly, the gas charging and discharging assembly is in communication with the air-tight layer, and the bottom plate is provided with a gas charging and discharging channel corresponding to the gas charging and discharging assembly.

[0008] Specifically, in the above technical scheme, the air bag is designed to have two inflation modes, namely, rapid inflation and conventional inflation; the rapid inflation is sodium triazide reactor inflation, and the air bag can be rapidly filled by sodium triazide explosion, which is single inflation; the conventional inflation is air pump inflation, and the air bag can be inflated multiple times. Two sets of gas charging and discharging assemblies are designed corresponding to the two inflation modes, the two sets of gas charging and discharging assemblies are independent of each other, and only one set of gas charging and discharging assembly is installed in a single air bag.

[0009] When the air bag is inflated by sodium triazide reactor explosion, the gas charging and discharging assembly comprises a sodium triazide reactor and a pressure relief valve; the sodium triazide reactor is installed at the center position of the bottom plate; the gas production end of the sodium triazide reactor is in communication with the air-tight layer; the bottom of the air bag is provided with a pressure relief valve channel and a sodium triazide inflation channel which are in communication with the air-tight layer; the side surface of the bottom plate is provided with a pressure relief outlet; the inside of the bottom plate is provided with an exhaust channel, one end of the exhaust channel is in communication with the pressure relief outlet, and the other end is in communication with the air-tight layer through an exhaust hole at the top of the bottom plate; and the exhaust hole is provided with a pressure relief valve.

[0010] When the air pump is used to inflate, the inflation and deflation assembly comprises a one-way inflation valve, a pressure exhaust valve and a recovery deflation valve, the air bag bottom is provided with a one-way inflation valve channel, a pressure exhaust valve channel and a recovery deflation valve channel connected to the air tight layer, corresponding to the one-way inflation port, the pressure exhaust port and the recovery deflation port provided on the bottom plate, the pressure exhaust port is arranged on the side of the bottom plate, the pressure exhaust port is communicated with the exhaust hole on the top surface of the bottom plate through the exhaust channel, the exhaust hole is respectively provided with a one-way inflation port and a recovery deflation port connected to the side of the bottom plate, the exhaust hole, the one-way inflation port and the recovery deflation port are sequentially provided with a pressure exhaust valve, a one-way inflation valve and a recovery deflation valve.

[0011] In the device storage state, the support structure is in the folded state, at this time the air bag is not inflated and is also in the folded state; in the device use state, the sodium azide reactor is exploded to inflate or the staff inflates the air bag to be full by the air pump, and the air bag expands the support structure; when the device is under pressure, the support structure is folded under the action of pressure, and in the folding process, the air bag in the support structure is compressed under the action of pressure, when the internal pressure of the air bag increases to a certain value, the pressure exhaust valve is automatically opened, the gas in the air bag is released, so that the air bag absorbs the collision energy in the deformation process under pressure, and then the collided object is protected. When the conventional inflation mode is used, if no collision occurs, the air pump extracts the gas in the air bag through the recovery deflation port after the buffer device stops working, the air bag is folded, the support device loses support, the staff presses the support structure, and the buffer device is folded to the original state, so that the device can be repeatedly applied.

[0012] It should be noted that if the sodium azide reactor is used to inflate the air bag, the sodium azide reactor needs to be replaced after the device is used.

[0013] Preferably, in order to avoid that the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are in the same straight line after the support connecting rod is fully expanded, causing the support structure to be singular and unable to be folded when the pressure perpendicular to the platform plane is received, the height of the air bag in the full gas state is less than the length of the support connecting rod after being fully expanded, so that the air bag is in a slightly folded state in the full gas state.

[0014] Further, in order to avoid the interference of the support structure by the air bag during the working process, the diameter of the air bag in the full gas state is less than the diameter of the inscribed circle surrounded by each support connecting rod in the support structure, so as to avoid friction or collision between the support structure and the air bag during the expansion or folding process, thereby prolonging the service life of the air bag.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of exhaust holes are arranged, and the plurality of exhaust holes are annularly distributed in the center area of the bottom plate, and each exhaust hole penetrates into the exhaust channel and is communicated with the pressure exhaust port.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1、 The present application improves the support structure, changes the traditional cross-type unfolding mechanism into a support link-type unfolding mechanism, and after the mechanism is unfolded, the support link is located at the four corners of the platform, which can leave enough space to install and replace the collision buffer component compared with the traditional cross-type unfolding mechanism, and the installation and maintenance are convenient.

[0018] 2、 The device combines the support structure and the collision buffer material together, and has excellent anti-collision buffer performance, in the tangential direction, the support structure can provide high stiffness and bear certain oblique stress, in the axial direction, the support structure has high stiffness, and the collision buffer material absorbs collision energy during the mechanism folding process, and the combination of the two can overcome the defects of the traditional collision buffer material, such as low longitudinal stiffness and instability of the material when the collision stroke is too long.

[0019] 3、 The device improves the traditional cross-type unfolding mechanism into a support link-type unfolding mechanism, and under the condition that the length of the link is consistent, compared with the cross-type link, the support link has a higher unfolding height, and can provide a longer buffer stroke during collision impact, and the collision buffer performance of the device is better.

[0020] 4、 The present application uses an air bag as the collision buffer material, and designs a corresponding inflation and deflation mode, which can reduce the overall weight of the device, and the collision buffer material can be reused, effectively reducing the use cost, and can be suitable for occasions that need to frequently cope with collision impact.

[0021] 5、 The device can be folded and stored in the storage state, occupies small space in the storage state, and after stacking, the height is smaller than that of the existing collision buffer energy absorption device, facilitating transportation, storage and installation of the device. After stacking, the height of the device in the unfolded state is consistent with that of the existing collision buffer energy absorption device, and similar buffer effect can be achieved; the present application greatly reduces the volume of the device in the storage state under the premise of keeping the buffer effect basically consistent, which is beneficial to the use of the buffer energy absorption device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present disclosure, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and other related drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0023] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of a foldable collision buffer energy absorption device according to the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom of the air bag when inflated by the sodium azide reactor of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the bottom plate when inflated by the sodium azide reactor of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom plate when inflated by the sodium azide reactor of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom of the air bag when inflated by the air pump of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of the bottom plate when inflated by the air pump of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom plate when inflated by the air pump of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 is a state diagram of the foldable and storable crash cushion energy absorption device during the process of being compressed and folded.

[0031] Figure 9 is a state diagram of the foldable and storable crash cushion energy absorption device in the folded and stored state.

[0032] Figure 10 is a state diagram of the foldable and storable crash cushion energy absorption device in the unfolded state.

[0033] Figure 1, support structure; 2, crash cushion assembly; 3, bottom plate; 4, top plate; 5, support link; 6, upper link; 7, lower link; 8, air bag; 9, fire and explosion prevention layer; 10, pressure bearing layer; 11, air-tight layer; 12, sodium azide reactor; 13, pressure relief exhaust port; 14, exhaust hole; 15, one-way inflation valve passage; 16, pressure relief exhaust valve passage; 17, recovery exhaust valve passage; 18, one-way inflation port; 19, recovery exhaust port; 20, pressure relief exhaust valve; 21, one-way inflation valve; 22, pressure relief exhaust valve; 23, sodium azide inflation passage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present application, the steps of the method of the present application are described in detail below, and it should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present application and not to limit the scope of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present application, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or modifications to the present application, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached hereto.

[0035] EXAMPLE

[0036] As shown in Figure 1, a foldable and storable crash cushion energy absorption device comprises a support structure 1 and a crash cushion assembly 2, the support structure 1 comprises a bottom plate 3, a top plate 4 and support links 5, the bottom plate 3 and the top plate 4 are both square structures, the sizes are equal and the planes of the bottom plate 3 and the top plate 4 are parallel to each other, the bottom plate 3 and the top plate 4 are connected by a support link 5 at each corner, the support link 5 comprises an upper link 6, a lower link 7 and a rotary pair at both ends of the upper link 6 and the lower link 7, the upper link 6 and the top plate 4, the lower link 7 and the bottom plate 3 and the upper link 6 and the lower link 7 are connected by rotary pairs, the rotary pair axes of each support link 5 are arranged in parallel, the rotary pair axes of the two support links 5 arranged at opposite angles are parallel to each other, the rotary pair axes of one of the two support links 5 arranged at adjacent angles are perpendicular to the rotary pair axes of the other support link 5; the crash cushion assembly is installed inside the support structure 1 and does not interfere with each support link 5, the top surface or the bottom surface of the support structure 1 is in contact with the object when the device is under pressure, and is folded under the action of pressure, in the folding process, the crash cushion assembly in the support structure 1 is deformed under pressure to absorb collision energy, playing a buffering role.

[0037] In this embodiment, the crash cushion assembly 2 is an air bag 8, the two ends of the air bag 8 are connected with the bottom plate 3 and the top plate 4 respectively, in order to withstand higher load and adapt to some extreme weather and environment, such as thorns, glass debris and fire, etc. The outermost layer of the air bag 8 is a light but high-strength fireproof and explosion-proof layer 9, the inner layer is an airtight layer 11, the inflation and deflation of the air bag 8 are carried out in the airtight layer 11, which can provide good airtightness, and the pressure bearing layer 10 is arranged between the fireproof and explosion-proof layer 9 and the airtight layer 11, mainly to avoid excessive inflation of the air bag 8 after inflation, leading to inelastic deformation or even rupture of the air bag; the bottom of the air bag 8 is provided with a gas charging and discharging assembly, the gas charging and discharging assembly is in communication with the airtight layer 11, and the bottom plate 3 is provided with a gas charging and discharging channel corresponding to the gas charging and discharging assembly.

[0038] Specifically, the air bag 8 is designed with two inflation modes, namely, rapid inflation and conventional inflation. The rapid inflation adopts sodium azide reactor inflation, and the conventional inflation adopts air pump inflation. Two sets of inflation and deflation components are designed correspondingly. The two sets of inflation and deflation components are independent of each other, and only one set of inflation and deflation components is installed in a single air bag 8. When the buffer energy absorption device is applied to equipment with strict installation volume requirements, the rapid inflation mode is adopted. The air bag is inflated rapidly only when the collision occurs and buffering is needed, and the air bag is in a folded storage state at ordinary times. When the equipment has no high requirements for the volume of the buffer energy absorption device, the conventional inflation mode is adopted. The air pump is inflated during the use of the equipment, and the air is deflated after the use, so as to ensure the buffering and energy absorption of the equipment in the event of collision. The conventional inflation can be used repeatedly, thereby reducing the use cost. Compared with the current buffer energy absorption device which cannot be folded, such as aluminum honeycomb, the two inflation modes make the buffer energy absorption device foldable when the equipment is not working, thereby reducing the equipment volume.

[0039] As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, when the sodium azide reactor is used for inflation, the inflation and deflation component includes a sodium azide reactor 12 and a pressure relief valve 22. The sodium azide reactor 12 is installed at the center of the bottom plate 3. The gas production end of the sodium azide reactor 12 is in communication with the air-tight layer 11. The bottom of the air bag 8 is provided with a pressure relief valve passage 16 and a sodium azide inflation passage 23 which are in communication with the air-tight layer 11. The side of the bottom plate 3 is provided with a pressure relief outlet 13. The inside of the bottom plate 3 is provided with an exhaust passage. One end of the exhaust passage is in communication with the pressure relief outlet 13, and the other end is in communication with the air-tight layer 11 through an exhaust hole 14 on the top of the bottom plate 3. The pressure relief valve 21 is installed in the exhaust hole 14.

[0040] As shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, when the air pump is used for inflation of the air bag 8, the inflation and deflation component includes a one-way inflation valve 20, a pressure relief valve 21 and a recovery deflation valve 22. The bottom of the air bag 8 is provided with a one-way inflation valve passage 15, a pressure relief valve passage 16 and a recovery deflation valve passage 17 which are in communication with the air-tight layer 11. The bottom plate 3 is correspondingly provided with a one-way inflation port 18, a pressure relief port 14 and a recovery deflation port 19. The pressure relief outlet 13 is arranged on the side of the bottom plate 3. The pressure relief outlet 13 is in communication with the exhaust hole 14 on the top of the bottom plate 3 through the exhaust passage. The exhaust hole 14 is provided with the one-way inflation port 18 and the recovery deflation port 19 on the two sides thereof which are in communication with the side of the bottom plate 3. The pressure relief valve 21, the one-way inflation valve 20 and the recovery deflation valve 22 are sequentially installed in the exhaust hole 14, the one-way inflation port 18 and the recovery deflation port 19.

[0041] It should be noted that if the sodium azide reactor 12 is used to inflate the air bag 8, the sodium azide reactor 12 needs to be replaced after the use of the device.

[0042] Specifically, the shape of the air bag 8 in the embodiment is cylindrical in the full inflation state, the upper and lower circular surfaces of the air bag 8 are always attached to the upper and lower platforms of the support structure 1, and the diameter of the air bag 8 in the full inflation state should be as small as possible to meet the condition that the internal space of the support structure 1 is filled without interfering with the operation of each support link 5 of the support structure 1. Therefore, the diameter of the air bag 8 in the full inflation state should be smaller than the diameter of the inscribed circle formed by each support link 5 of the support structure 1.

[0043] Further, in order to avoid the situation that the axes of the upper link 6 and the lower link 7 are in the same straight line after the support link 5 is fully unfolded, resulting in the support structure 1 being singular in structure when subjected to pressure perpendicular to the platform plane, the height of the air bag 8 in the full inflation state is smaller than the length of the support link 5 after being fully unfolded, so that the air bag 8 is in a slightly folded state in the full inflation state.

[0044] Preferably, in the embodiment, a plurality of exhaust holes 14 are provided, and the plurality of exhaust holes 14 are annularly distributed in the central region of the bottom plate 3. The sodium azide reactor 12 is installed at the center of the annular ring formed by the plurality of exhaust holes 14, and each exhaust hole 13 penetrates into the exhaust passage and is in communication with the pressure exhaust port 13.

[0045] Working principle and process:

[0046] Figure 8 is a middle state of the device, figure 9 is a folded and folded state of the device, and figure 10 is an unfolded state of the device. The working process of the device is a cycle. In the storage state, as shown in figure 9, the air bag 8 is not inflated, and the support structure 1 is in a folded and folded state. When buffering is needed, the staff fills the air bag 8 with air to the full inflation state through the sodium azide reactor 9 or the air pump, and the air bag compresses the support structure 1 to unfold. The unfolding process is shown in figure 8. When the air bag is full of air, the support structure is unfolded to the maximum angle, as shown in figure 10. After the collision, the device is under pressure, and the support structure 1 is folded under the action of the pressure. In the folding process, the air bag 8 in the support structure 1 is compressed under the action of the pressure. When the internal pressure of the air bag 8 increases to a certain value, the pressure exhaust valve is automatically opened, and the gas in the air bag 8 is slowly released, so that the air bag 8 absorbs the collision energy in the deformation process under pressure, thereby protecting the collided object. The buffering process of the device is shown in figure 10, which is unfolded, passes through the middle state in figure 8, and reaches the folded and folded state in figure 9. At this time, the gas in the air bag is exhausted, and the buffering process is completed. After the end, check the structure state of the device, if each part is not damaged, replace the sodium azide reactor 9 in the fast inflation mode, replace the vulnerable parts in the conventional inflation, and continue the cycle process.

[0047] In summary, the collision buffering energy absorbing device combines the support structure and the air bag together, and has excellent anti-collision buffering performance. In the tangential direction, the support structure 1 can provide higher rigidity and bear certain oblique stress, and in the axial direction, the support structure 1 has higher rigidity. The collision buffering material absorbs collision energy during the folding process of the mechanism, and the combination of the two can overcome the defects of the traditional collision buffering material, such as low longitudinal rigidity and instability of the material when the collision stroke is too long. The present application improves the traditional cross support structure to a support link support structure. Under the condition that the lengths of the links are consistent, compared with the cross link, the support link 5 has a higher unfolding height, and can provide a longer buffering stroke when a collision impact occurs, further improving the collision buffering performance of the device. In addition, the device of the present application can reduce the overall weight of the device, and the air bag 8 can be reused, effectively reducing the use cost, and can be suitable for occasions that need to frequently deal with collision impact. In the idle state, the device can be folded and stored, and the space occupied in the idle state is small. After stacking, the height is smaller than that of the existing collision buffering energy absorbing device, which is convenient for transportation, storage and installation of the device.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application in other forms. Any skilled person in the art can use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made on the basis of the technical essence of the present application to the above embodiments without departing from the technical solution of the present application still falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A foldable and retractable collision buffer and energy absorption device, characterized in that, The device comprises a support structure (1) and a collision buffering assembly (2), the support structure (1) comprises a bottom plate (3), a top plate (4) and support connecting rods (5), the bottom plate (3) and the top plate (4) are both square structures with equal sizes and the planes of the bottom plate (3) and the top plate (4) are parallel to each other, the bottom plate (3) and the top plate (4) are connected by a support connecting rod (5) at each corner, the support connecting rod (5) comprises an upper connecting rod (6), a lower connecting rod (7) and a rotary pair at the two ends of the upper connecting rod (6) and the lower connecting rod (7), the upper connecting rod (6) and the top plate (4), the lower connecting rod (7) and the bottom plate (3) and the upper connecting rod (6) and the lower connecting rod (7) are connected by rotary pairs, the rotary pair axes of each support connecting rod (5) are arranged in parallel, the rotary pair axes of the two support connecting rods (5) arranged at opposite corners are parallel to each other, the rotary pair axes of one of the two support connecting rods (5) arranged at adjacent corners are perpendicular to the rotary pair axes of the other support connecting rod (5).

2. A collapsible stowable crash cushion according to claim 1, wherein, The collision buffering assembly (2) is an air bag (8), the two ends of the air bag (8) are connected with the bottom plate (3) and the top plate (4) respectively, the air bag (8) is sequentially provided with a fireproof and explosion-proof layer (9), a pressure bearing layer (10) and a gas-tight layer (11) from outside to inside, the bottom of the air bag (8) is provided with a gas charging and discharging assembly, the gas charging and discharging assembly is communicated with the gas-tight layer (11), and the bottom plate (3) is provided with a gas charging and discharging channel corresponding to the gas charging and discharging assembly.

3. A collapsible stowable crash cushion according to claim 2, wherein, The air bag (8) is designed with two inflation modes, namely rapid inflation and regular inflation, the rapid inflation adopts sodium triazide reactor inflation, the regular inflation adopts air pump inflation, and two sets of gas charging and discharging assemblies are designed correspondingly, the two sets of gas charging and discharging assemblies are independent of each other, and only one set of gas charging and discharging assembly is installed in a single air bag (8); when the sodium triazide reactor inflation is adopted, the gas charging and discharging assembly comprises a sodium triazide reactor (12) and a pressure relief valve (21), the sodium triazide reactor (12) is installed at the center position of the bottom plate (3), the gas production end of the sodium triazide reactor (12) is communicated with the gas-tight layer (11), the bottom of the air bag (8) is provided with a pressure relief valve channel (16) and a sodium triazide inflation channel (24) which are communicated with the gas-tight layer (11), the side surface of the bottom plate (3) is provided with a pressure relief outlet (13), the inside of the bottom plate (3) is provided with an exhaust channel, one end of the exhaust channel is communicated with the pressure relief outlet (13), and the other end is communicated with the gas-tight layer (11) through an exhaust hole (14) at the top of the bottom plate (3), and the pressure relief valve (22) is installed in the exhaust hole (14).

4. A collapsible stowable crash cushion according to claim 4, wherein, When the air bag (8) is inflated by the air pump, the inflation and deflation assembly comprises a one-way inflation valve (20), a pressure exhaust valve (21) and a recovery deflation valve (22), the bottom of the air bag (8) is provided with a one-way inflation valve channel (15), a pressure exhaust valve channel (16) and a recovery deflation valve channel (17) which are communicated to the air-tight layer (11), the bottom plate (3) is correspondingly provided with a one-way inflation port (18), a pressure exhaust port (14) and a recovery deflation port (19), the pressure exhaust port (13) is arranged on the side of the bottom plate (3), the pressure exhaust port (13) is communicated with the exhaust hole (14) on the top surface of the bottom plate (3) through the exhaust channel, the exhaust hole (14) is respectively provided with the one-way inflation port (18) and the recovery deflation port (19) which are communicated to the side of the bottom plate (3), the exhaust hole (14), the one-way inflation port (18) and the recovery deflation port (19) are sequentially provided with the pressure exhaust valve (21), the one-way inflation valve (20) and the recovery deflation valve (22).

5. A collapsible stowable crash cushion according to claim 3, wherein, The height of the air bag (8) in the full inflation state is less than the length of the support connecting rod (5) after full expansion; the diameter of the air bag (8) in the full inflation state is less than the diameter of the inscribed circle surrounded by each support connecting rod (5) of the support structure (1).

6. A collapsible stowable crash cushion according to claim 4 or claim 5 and wherein, A plurality of exhaust holes (14) are arranged in the central area of the bottom plate (3) in a ring shape, and each exhaust hole (14) penetrates into the exhaust channel and is communicated with the pressure exhaust port (13).

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