Switch box for portable storage battery, power failure countermeasure set, and power failure countermeasure method

Abstract

[Problem] To provide an emergency power supply facility that is low in cost and easy to use, thereby enabling power failure countermeasures to be performed easily. [Solution] This power failure countermeasure set, to be attached to a distribution board 8, comprises: first main wiring 41 that connects a target branch circuit breaker 81 and a switch box 1; second main wiring 42 that connects the switch box 1 and a specific load 9; a portable storage battery 2 that is attached to the switch box 1; and a portable-type photovoltaic power generation panel 3. The portable storage battery 2 is charged by power supply from the target branch circuit breaker 81 at the time of non-power failure, and supplies power to the specific load 9 at the time of power failure. The portable storage battery 2 can also be charged by the portable-type photovoltaic power generation panel 3. The portable storage battery 2 is provided either with a reverse power flow prevention circuit, or a reverse power flow detection unit 60 and a cut-off unit 6.

Description

Portable battery switch box, power outage countermeasure kit and power outage countermeasure method

[0001] The present invention relates to a technique for taking measures against power outages that may occur due to large-scale disasters.

[0002] In recent years, natural disasters such as major earthquakes and floods have frequently caused severe damage to local lifelines, making it an urgent issue to ensure thorough countermeasures are in place. In particular, there have been an increasing number of cases of large-scale power outages caused by damage to power plants and power transmission and distribution networks, and the importance of taking measures to deal with these has been emphasized. When a power outage occurs due to a disaster, there are few cases where it takes a long time for power to be restored, but in many cases it takes several days. During that time, people are forced to live an inconvenient life without electricity. Many people evacuate to evacuation shelters equipped with emergency power supply equipment, but many hesitate to do so due to privacy concerns and end up staying in their homes, which do not have electricity.

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2023-154257

[0004] In consideration of the above-mentioned issues, measures are being taken to install emergency power supply systems in ordinary homes to prepare for power outages during disasters. However, installation must be done when the home is constructed, and costs in the hundreds of thousands of yen are a problem. Emergency power supply systems for ordinary homes typically include solar panels and storage batteries. Under normal circumstances (non-power outages), the storage batteries are charged with grid power (power supplied by the electric power company) and solar power, and the battery power is used in emergencies (power outages). In addition, so-called V2H (Vehicle to Home) systems are sometimes installed, allowing electric vehicles or plug-in hybrid vehicles to be used as storage batteries. In any case, these conventional emergency power supply systems are not widely adopted due to their high cost and long construction period. The same applies to non-residential buildings, and there is a need for low-cost, easy-to-implement power outage countermeasures. The present invention was made with the above-mentioned issues regarding emergency power sources to be used in disasters in mind, and aims to provide a low-cost, easy-to-use emergency power supply facility, as well as to enable power outage countermeasures to be easily implemented in a short construction period.

[0005] To solve the above problems, this specification discloses a portable battery switch box, a power outage prevention set, and a power outage prevention method. The portable battery switch box according to the disclosed invention is a portable battery switch box used when attaching a portable battery to a target branch switch, which is a branch switch in a distribution board installed in a building and is installed to supply power to a specific load. The switch box is provided with a main input terminal connected to the target branch switch, a load terminal connected to the specific load, a battery input terminal connected to the input terminal of the portable battery, and a battery output terminal connected to the output terminal of the portable battery. Wiring is provided connecting the main input terminal to the battery input terminal and wiring is provided connecting the battery output terminal to the load terminal, allowing the portable battery to be attached between the target branch switch and the specific load so that the portable battery is connected in series with the specific load. Furthermore, the switch box is provided with a switch and wiring for short-circuiting the main input terminal and the load terminal when the portable battery is removed. To solve the above problems, in the portable battery switch box of the disclosed invention, an additional switch can be provided on the wiring connecting the main input terminal and the battery input terminal, which can select between shorting and opening the line.To solve the above problems, a portable battery switch box of another disclosed invention is a portable battery switch box used when attaching a portable battery to a target branch switch, which is a branch switch in a distribution board installed in a building and is installed to supply power to a specific load.This switch box is provided with a main input terminal connected to the target branch switch, a load terminal connected to the specific load, a battery input terminal connected to the input terminal of the portable battery, and a battery output terminal connected to the output terminal of the portable battery.The switch box has a built-in switch, and is provided with: a main line within the box connecting the main input terminal to the load terminal via the switch; a battery input line branching from the main line within the box connecting the battery input terminal to the main input terminal; and a battery output line connecting the battery output terminal to the load terminal via the switch. The switch short-circuits the main input terminal to the load terminal and disconnects the battery output terminal from the load terminal during a power outage, and disconnects the main input terminal from the load terminal and shorts the battery output terminal to the load terminal during a power outage. To solve the above problem, a portable battery switch box according to another invention may be provided with an additional switch on the battery input line that can select between shorting and opening the line. To solve the above problem, the disclosed invention provides a power outage preparedness set that is attached to a distribution board that distributes power to each load, and is attached between a target branch switch, which is a branch switch in the distribution board, and a specific load so that power is supplied from the target branch switch to the specific load during a power outage. This power outage countermeasure set comprises a portable storage battery, a portable storage battery switch box according to the above invention, a first main wiring connecting the target branch switch and the main input terminal, a second main wiring connecting the load terminal and the specific load, a cable connecting the storage battery input terminal to the input terminal of the portable storage battery, and a cable connecting the storage battery output terminal to the output terminal of the portable storage battery.To solve the above problem, the power outage countermeasure set according to the disclosed invention can be configured to include a solar power generation panel, the portable storage battery is capable of storing electricity using power generated by the solar power generation panel, and when power is supplied to the portable storage battery using power from the solar power generation panel during non-power outages, power supply from the target branch switch to the specific load is ensured.To solve the above problem, a power outage countermeasure set according to the disclosed invention includes a power storage control unit that is capable of controlling the storage of power in a portable storage battery using grid power from a target branch switch during a grid storage time period and preventing the storage of power in the portable storage battery using grid power from the target branch switch outside the grid storage time period, and ensuring power supply from the target branch switch to a specific load when the power storage control unit is not storing power in the portable storage battery using grid power from the target branch switch. To solve the above problem, in the power outage countermeasure set according to the disclosed invention, the power storage control unit may be capable of controlling the supply of power stored in the portable storage battery to the specific load instead of grid power during a battery supply time period. To solve the above problem, a power outage countermeasure set according to another disclosed invention is a power outage countermeasure set that is attached to a distribution board that distributes power to each load, and is attached between a target branch switch, which is one of the branch switches in the distribution board, and the specific load so that power is supplied from the target branch switch to the specific load during non-power outages. This power outage countermeasure set comprises a portable storage battery, a portable storage battery switch box according to the above-mentioned another invention, a first main wiring connecting the target branch switch and the main input terminal, a second main wiring connecting the load terminal and the specific load, a cable connecting the storage battery input terminal to the input terminal of the portable storage battery, and a cable connecting the storage battery output terminal to the output terminal of the portable storage battery.To solve the above problem, the power outage countermeasure set according to the disclosed another invention can be configured to comprise a solar power generation panel, the portable storage battery is capable of storing electricity generated by the solar power generation panel, and when the portable storage battery is supplied with power from the solar power generation panel during non-power outages, power supply from the target branch switch to the specific load is ensured.To solve the above problem, a power outage countermeasure set according to another disclosed invention includes a power storage control unit, which is capable of controlling the storage of power in a portable storage battery using grid power from a target branch switch during a grid storage time period and not storing power in the portable storage battery using grid power from the target branch switch outside the grid storage time period, and can have the following configuration: power supply from the target branch switch to a specific load is ensured when the power storage control unit is not storing power in the portable storage battery using grid power from the target branch switch. To solve the above problem, in the power outage countermeasure set according to another disclosed invention, the power storage control unit can control the supply of power stored in the portable storage battery to the specific load instead of grid power during a battery power supply time period. In order to solve the above problem, the power outage countermeasure method according to the disclosed invention is a method in which, when there is no power outage, a portable storage battery is connected to a distribution board installed in a building to store electricity in the portable storage battery, and a specific load in the building is connected to the distribution board with a power supply line to supply electricity from the grid to the specific load, and, when there is a power outage, the output terminal of the stored portable storage battery is connected to the specific load to supply electricity, and the power supply line from the distribution board is disconnected from the specific load to prevent the specific load from being short-circuited.

[0006] As described below, the portable battery switch box, power outage countermeasure set, and power outage countermeasure method according to the disclosed inventions supply power to a specific load during a power outage using a portable battery that has been charged during normal operation (non-power outages). This allows the specific load to use electricity until the battery's stored charge reaches zero. This allows for minimal electricity usage during disasters and other emergencies. Removing the portable battery or experiencing a power outage requires minimal switch operation, making it convenient to use. Furthermore, installation can be completed inexpensively and in a short period of time, significantly reducing the hardware cost. This allows for low-cost power outage countermeasures during disasters. Furthermore, the portable battery can be removed and used for outdoor leisure activities, killing two birds with one stone. Another benefit of the portable battery is that it can be taken to another indoor location during a power outage and used as needed.

[0007] Furthermore, if an additional switch that can select short-circuiting or open-circuiting the wiring connecting the main input terminal and the storage battery input terminal is provided on the wiring, safety is improved when the portable storage battery is removed. Furthermore, if a storage control unit is provided, the portable storage battery can be stored inexpensively by designating a time period when electricity rates are low as the grid storage time period. Furthermore, if the storage control unit can control the supply of power stored in the portable storage battery to a specific load instead of grid power during the battery power supply time period, electricity costs can be further reduced by supplying inexpensively stored power to the specific load during a time period when grid power rates are high.

[0008] Furthermore, if the power outage prevention set is equipped with a solar power generation panel, the portable storage battery is capable of storing electricity generated by the solar power generation panel, and when the portable storage battery is powered by electricity from the solar power generation panel during non-power outages, power supply from the target branch switch to the specific load is ensured, the time until the remaining charge in the portable storage battery becomes zero during a power outage can be extended, making it particularly suitable for long-term power outages.

[0009] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power outage preparation set according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the connection state when the portable storage battery is removed in the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of an automatic switch. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power outage preparation set according to a second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power outage preparation set according to a third embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power outage preparation set according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the connection state when the portable storage battery is removed in the fourth embodiment. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power outage preparation set according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a power outage preparation set according to a sixth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a power storage control unit in the sixth embodiment. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a power outage preparation set according to a seventh embodiment. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a power storage control unit in the seventh embodiment. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration in which a breaker is added to the specific load side.

[0010] Next, a description will be given of a form for implementing the present invention (hereinafter, "embodiments"). The power outage preparation set of each embodiment described below includes a portable battery switch box. The following description also describes each embodiment of the portable battery switch box and an embodiment of the power outage preparation method. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power outage preparation set of a first embodiment. The power outage preparation set shown in FIG. 1 is a set that implements a function for securing power using a storage battery in the event of a power outage. In this embodiment, the power supply securing function is implemented as a retrofit. "Retrofit" means that it can be installed and added after the building is completed, rather than at the time of new construction. As shown in FIG. 1, this power outage preparation set is composed of a switch box 1, a portable battery 2, a solar power generation panel 3, main wiring 41, 42, etc. The switch box 1 has a box case 15, which is provided with a main input terminal 100 and a load terminal 101. The power outage preparation set described below is intended for residential use such as a detached house or condominium, but can also be installed in non-residential buildings such as offices and government offices.

[0011] As shown in FIG. 1 , this power outage countermeasure set is attached to one branch switch 81 in an existing distribution board 8 installed in a facility such as a home. As is well known, the distribution board 8 is connected to a grid power transmission and distribution network provided by an electric power company to receive power. The power outage countermeasure set is installed by being interposed between the one branch switch 81 and a specific load 9 supplied with power from the one branch switch 81. Therefore, during installation, the power feed line to the specific load 9 is removed from the one branch switch 81, one end of a first main wiring 41 is connected to the branch switch 81, and the other end of the first main wiring 41 is connected to a main input terminal 100 on the switch box 1. In addition, one end of a second main wiring 42 is connected to a load terminal 101 on the switch box 1, and the other end is connected to the specific load 9.

[0012] In the following description, the branch switch 81 to which the power outage countermeasure set is attached is referred to as the target branch switch. The specific load 9 to which the target branch switch 81 supplies power is a load to which power is supplied by the portable storage battery 2 during a power outage. In a facility such as a home, power is distributed to each room by a distribution board 8, and as the specific load 9, a room with a high priority for power supply during a power outage (for example, the living room) is selected. In other words, the target branch switch 81 that supplies power to a room with a high priority for power supply during a power outage is disconnected and the power outage countermeasure set is installed.

[0013] The power outage prevention set of the first embodiment is basically configured such that the portable storage battery 2 is interposed in series between the target branch switch 81 and the specific load 9. That is, the input terminal 21 of the portable storage battery 2 is connected to the target branch switch 81 by the first main wiring 41, and the output terminal 22 of the portable storage battery 2 is connected to the specific load 9 by the second main wiring 42. Therefore, the portable storage battery 2 and the specific load 9 are in series, with the portable storage battery 2 on the upstream side.

[0014] The portable storage battery 2 has an input terminal (hereinafter, AC input terminal) 21 for a rated AC voltage and an output terminal (hereinafter, AC output terminal) 22 for a rated AC voltage on the distribution board 8. As is well known, the rated voltage is 100 V in Japan, but anywhere between 110 V and 240 V outside of Japan. An input AC cable 24 is connected to the AC input terminal 21, and an output AC cable 25 is connected to the AC output terminal 22. The portable storage battery 2 also has a DC input terminal 23 for connecting to a solar power generation panel 3. The portable storage battery 2 also has a power storage mode selection switch 20 that switches between storing power from the AC input terminal 21 (AC mode), the DC input terminal 23 (DC mode), or a hybrid (HB) mode in which both power sources are used for storage. In the hybrid mode in which both power sources are used for storage, priority is given to storing power from the DC input terminal 23 in order to achieve energy conservation. In the hybrid mode, when power from the solar power generation panel 3 runs out, for example at night, power is stored using AC power (grid power). As shown in Figure 1, the switch box 1 is provided with a battery input terminal 103 to which the input AC cable 24 extending from the portable storage battery 2 is connected, and a battery output terminal 104 to which the output AC cable 25 extending from the portable storage battery 2 is connected.

[0015] A main switch 10 is disposed within the box case 15. The main switch 10 includes two selection terminals 11 and 12 and one common terminal 13. One of the selection terminals is a first selection terminal 11 connected to the target branch switch 81 via a main input terminal 100 and a first main wiring 41. The other is a second selection terminal 12 connected to a storage battery output terminal 104. The main switch 10 has an operating unit such as a lever (not shown in FIG. 1 ), and the operating unit is exposed on an outer surface (e.g., the front surface) of the box case 15. The operating unit can be operated to switch between a state in which the first selection terminal 11 is short-circuited to the common terminal 13 and the second selection terminal 12 is open from the common terminal 13, and a state in which the first selection terminal 11 is open from the common terminal 13 and the second selection terminal 12 is short-circuited to the common terminal 13.

[0016] As shown in Fig. 1 , the first selection terminal 11 is connected to the main input terminal 100, and is also connected to a battery input line 43 that is connected to the AC input terminal 21 of the portable storage battery 2. The common terminal 13 of the main switch 10 is connected to the specific load 9 via the load terminal 101 and the second main wiring 42. The main switch 10 is in the state shown in Fig. 1 unless the portable storage battery 2 is removed. Hereinafter, this state will be referred to as the normal state. In the normal state, the main switch 10 short-circuits the second selection terminal 12 and the common terminal 13.

[0017] As shown in FIG. 1 , an additional switch 16 is provided on the storage battery input line 43. The additional switch 16 is a switch that can select whether the storage battery input line 43 is short-circuited or open-circuited. The additional switch 16 is provided as a safety device for the storage battery input terminal 103. The additional switch 16 also has an operating part such as a lever (not shown), and the operating part is exposed on the outer surface (e.g., the front surface) of the switch box 15. By operating the operating part, the storage battery input line 43 can be switched between short-circuited and open-circuited.

[0018] The portable storage battery 2 has a so-called pass-through function. That is, the internal circuit is configured so that the AC input terminal 21 and the AC output terminal 22 are always short-circuited regardless of the charging / discharging state and regardless of which input mode is selected. Therefore, when the main switch 10 is in the normal state as shown in Figure 1, power from the target branch switch 81 passes through the first main wiring 41, the first selection terminal 11, the AC input terminal 21, inside the portable storage battery 2, the AC output terminal 22, and reaches the second selection terminal 12, and is then supplied to the specific load 9 via the common terminal 13, the load terminal 101, and the second main wiring 42.

[0019] Although not shown, the portable storage battery 2 includes a power outage detection circuit and an automatic power supply circuit. The power outage detection circuit detects when the receiving voltage drops to zero (detects a power outage) while the input AC cable 24 is connected to the AC input terminal 21, and detects when the receiving voltage recovers after the power outage is detected (detects the end of the power outage). The automatic power supply circuit automatically starts supplying power (outputs 100 V AC to the AC output terminal 22) when the power outage detection circuit detects a power outage. These functions are similar to those of a so-called uninterruptible power supply (UPS). An example of a portable storage battery 2 having these functions is the DELTA2 sold by EcoFlow Technology Japan Co., Ltd.

[0020] In the first embodiment, when the portable storage battery 2 is removed, the main switch 10 is operated. This will be described with reference to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the connection state when the portable storage battery 2 is removed. When the portable storage battery 2 is removed, the main switch 10 and the additional switch 16 are operated in advance to achieve the state shown in FIG. 2 . That is, the first selection terminal 11 is shorted to the common terminal 13, and the additional switch 16 is opened. Hereinafter, this state will be referred to as the “released state.” By setting the portable storage battery 2 to the released state, the portable storage battery 2 is disconnected from the specific load 9 and also from the target branch switch 81. The grid power from the target branch switch 81 flows directly from the first selection terminal 11 to the common terminal 13 by the main switch 10 and is supplied directly to the specific load 9. After achieving this state, the AC cables 24, 25 connected to the switch box 1 are pulled out to remove the portable storage battery 2 from the switch box 1. If the solar panel 3 is connected to the DC input terminal 23, it may be left as is, but if the portable storage battery 2 is to be taken outdoors, the DC cable 31 should be pulled out from the DC input terminal 23.

[0021] The operation of this power outage countermeasure set is described below. The power outage countermeasure set is retrofitted to the existing distribution board 8 as described above. Specifically, the wiring connecting the target branch switch 81 and the specific load 9 is removed. One end of the first main wiring 41 is connected to the target branch switch 81, and the other end of the first main wiring 41 is connected to the main input terminal 100 on the switch box 1. One end of the second main wiring 42 is connected to the load terminal 101 on the switch box 1, and the other end is connected to the specific load 9. The main switch 10 is set to the normal state. The additional switch 16 is set to the short-circuit state. The portable storage battery 2 is then attached to the switch box 1 by connecting the AC cables 24 and 25. The solar power generation panel 3 is connected to the DC input terminal 23 of the portable storage battery 2 via the DC cable 31. The power storage mode selection switch 20 on the portable storage battery 2 is often set to AC mode or hybrid mode.

[0022] When the construction is completed as described above, the grid power from the target branch switch 81 flows from the first selection terminal 11 of the main switch 10 through the portable storage battery 2 and is supplied to the specific load 9 via the second selection terminal 12 of the main switch 10. At this time, power is also stored in the portable storage battery 9. Furthermore, when the power storage mode selection switch 20 is set to the hybrid mode or DC mode, power is stored in the portable storage battery 9 by the solar power generation panel 3 during sunny daytime hours.

[0023] In this state, if a power outage occurs due to a large-scale disaster or the like, the power supply from the grid power to the distribution board 8 is cut off, and power is no longer supplied from the target branch switch 81. The power outage detection circuit in the portable storage battery 2 detects this and activates the automatic power supply circuit, causing an output voltage to appear at the AC output terminal 22 and starting the power supply. That is, power is supplied from the portable storage battery 2 to the specific load 9, and power supply to the specific load 9 (e.g., the living room) continues. When the power outage is resolved, the power outage detection circuit in the portable storage battery 2 detects the restoration of power, and the automatic power supply circuit stops the output of stored power. Then, the pass-through function of the portable storage battery 2 resumes the supply of grid power to the specific load 9. Note that if the daytime is sunny during the power outage, the solar power generation panel 3 also stores power in the portable storage battery 2 in parallel. This delays the time until the remaining charge of the portable storage battery 2 becomes zero.

[0024] When the portable storage battery 2 is removed for use outdoors, the main switch 10 is switched from the normal state in Figure 1 to the released state in Figure 2. The additional switch 16 is also switched to the open state. After that, the AC cables 24, 25 are pulled out, and the DC cable 31 connected to the solar power generation panel 3 is also pulled out. This removes the portable storage battery 2 from the switch box 1 and the solar power generation panel 3, making it possible to take it outdoors. In this example, the solar power generation panel 3 is also portable, so it can be taken out together with the portable storage battery 2 and used to store electricity using sunlight outdoors.

[0025] According to this power outage countermeasure kit, the portable storage battery 2, which has been charged during normal times (when there is no power outage), supplies power to the specific load 9 during a power outage, allowing the specific load 9 to use electricity until the amount of power stored in the portable storage battery 2 reaches zero. This makes it possible to use the minimum amount of electricity necessary during a disaster. Since the idea is to supply power to selected specific loads 9 during a power outage, rather than to all loads in the building, there is no need to use a large, expensive, high-capacity storage battery, and therefore an inexpensive portable storage battery 2 is used. When removing the portable storage battery 2 or during a power outage, only minimal switch operation is required, making it easy to use.

[0026] Furthermore, since the installation can be completed simply by attaching the switch box 1, to which the portable storage battery 2 and the solar power generation panel 3 are connected, to the target branch switch 81 via the first main wiring 41, the installation can be completed extremely cheaply and in a short time. Furthermore, since the set combines the switch box 1, which has a simple structure, with the portable storage battery 2 and the solar power generation panel 3, which are inexpensively available, the hardware cost can also be significantly reduced. This allows for low-cost power outage countermeasures in the event of a disaster. Furthermore, there is no need to install a specially configured distribution board 8; a normal, general-purpose product will suffice. This also contributes to realizing low-cost power outage countermeasures.

[0027] Furthermore, the provision of the additional switch 16 enhances safety when the portable storage battery 2 is removed. Without the additional switch 16, the grid power from the target branch switch 81 is supplied to the target load 9, but the voltage is also applied to the storage battery input terminal 103. In this case, if the storage battery input terminal 103 is shorted (short-circuited) for some reason, an overcurrent will flow, and the target branch switch 81 will detect this and cut off the power supply. This will prevent power from being supplied to the specific load 9, resulting in a so-called breaker tripped state. In this embodiment, the provision of the additional switch 16 prevents the grid power voltage from being applied to the storage battery input terminal 103 by leaving the additional switch 16 open when removing the portable storage battery 2, eliminating the risk of a short circuit. Furthermore, the additional switch 16 is housed in the same box case 15 and is operated on the exterior of the case in the same way as the switch 10, improving installation and operability. That is, it is only necessary to fix the box case 15 to a wall surface or the like and wire it as described above, and the operation can be easily performed on the box case 15.

[0028] Furthermore, the portable battery 2 can be removed and used for outdoor leisure activities, killing two birds with one stone. The battery being portable has another advantage: it can be taken to another location indoors during a power outage and used as needed. For example, if the toilet can only be flushed electrically and the power cable is plugged into an outlet, the portable battery 2 can be taken to the toilet, the power cable can be connected to the AC output terminal 22 of the portable battery 2, and the toilet can be flushed. In other words, it kills three birds with one stone.

[0029] Furthermore, the power outage countermeasure set of the embodiment is equipped with the solar power generation panel 3 and is capable of storing power in the portable storage battery 2, so that the time until the remaining charge of the portable storage battery 2 becomes zero during a power outage can be extended, making it particularly suitable for long-term power outages. Furthermore, because the solar power generation panel 3 is also portable, it can be taken outdoors and used together with the portable storage battery 2, thereby extending the usage time of the portable storage battery 2 outdoors (the time until the remaining charge becomes zero). If the solar power generation panel 3 is not portable, it can be attached to the roof or wall of a facility such as a house.

[0030] Furthermore, the portable storage battery 2 has a reverse power flow prevention function, preventing the stored power from accidentally flowing into the grid. In FIG. 1 , when stored power flows out of the AC input terminal 21 of the portable storage battery 2, it reaches the distribution board 8 via the grid-side switch terminal 11 of the main switch 10, causing a reverse power flow into the grid. In this case, if the owner who installed the power outage countermeasure kit applies for power supply to the power company, reverse power flow is permitted as the sale of surplus power. However, if the application for power supply has not been submitted, reverse power flow must be prevented. In other words, the power outage countermeasure kit of the embodiment can provide emergency power supply during a power outage while using solar panels as a completely self-consumption power generation facility, and since no application for power supply is required, it is an ideal system that can be easily installed.

[0031] In the configuration of the first embodiment, the main switch 10 may be configured as an automatic switch that automatically releases when the portable storage battery 2 is removed. This point will be further explained using Figure 3. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the automatic switch.

[0032] In the example of Fig. 3, a socket 71 to which the input side AC cable 24 is attached is provided as the storage battery input terminal 103, and a swing rod 72 is provided as a member interlocked with the socket 71. A spring member 73 is fixed to the rear of one end of the swing rod 72 (the opposite side to the socket 71), and a switch 1 is connected to the other end. The swing rod 72 can swing around a rotation axis located approximately in the center. The socket 71 can move in a direction toward the spring member 73 within a retainer (not shown). Furthermore, a stopper 74 is attached to the retainer to prevent the socket 71 from slipping out when attached.

[0033] When the input side AC cable 24 is attached, the socket 71 is pushed out and its position is maintained by a stopper 74, as shown in Fig. 3 (1). In this state, the spring member 73 is compressed via the swing rod 72, and the swing rod 72 acts as a lever to pull the shorting plate of the switch 1, causing the shorting plate to short-circuit the system side switch terminal 11 and the load side switch terminal 13. When removing the input side AC cable 24, the stopper 74 is manually released and the input side AC cable 24 is then pulled out. This causes the swing rod 72 to swing in the opposite direction due to the action (restoring force) of the spring member 73, causing the shorting plate of the switch 1 to short-circuit the power storage output side switch terminal 12 and the load side switch terminal 13.

[0034] In the above example, the socket 71 for the input AC cable 24 is an automatic switch. However, the socket for the output AC cable 25 may also be an automatic switch, or both may be movable switches. When both are used, the input AC cable 24 and the output AC cable 25 may be integrated into a single unit like a harness, and the above-described structure may be adopted for the socket to which they are attached. Various other automatic switch configurations are possible, including a switch that is not mechanical but operates electronically using a sensor or other device. In any case, without an automatic switch, if the main switch 10 is forgotten to be operated and the portable storage battery 2 is removed, the power supply to the specific load 9 is cut off, creating a state similar to that of a tripped breaker. However, an automatic switch configuration is preferable because it eliminates the need to worry about forgetting to operate the main switch 10. The additional switch 16 may also be configured as an automatic switch.

[0035] Next, a power outage prevention set according to a second embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the power outage prevention set according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the power outage prevention set according to the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it includes a reverse power flow detection unit 60 and a circuit breaker 6. The rest of the power outage prevention set is substantially the same as the first embodiment. The reverse power flow detection unit 60 is a detection unit that detects the reverse flow of stored power output from the AC input terminal 21 of the portable storage battery 2. In this example, the reverse power flow detection unit 60 is provided on the first main wiring 41.

[0036] The circuit breaker 6 uses a switch 61 that mechanically opens (breaks) a circuit under automatic external control, similar to a breaker. In this embodiment, the switch 61 is provided on the line between the grid-side switch terminal 11 and the AC input terminal 21 of the portable storage battery 2. A control circuit 62 is provided to output an open signal to the switch 61. The control circuit 62 outputs an open signal to the switch 61 when a signal indicating reverse power flow detection is sent from the reverse power flow detection unit 60. The open signal causes the switch 61 to automatically open (break), but the switch 61 must be manually reclosed. A reverse power relay with CT detection that detects reverse power can be used, for example, to configure the reverse current detection unit 5 and the circuit breaker 6. The reverse power flow detection position may be on the line between the grid-side switch terminal 11 and the AC input terminal 21, and a configuration in which a reverse power relay with CT detection is provided at this position may also be adopted.

[0037] The power outage countermeasure set of the second embodiment is basically installed as a retrofit to the target branch switch 81, similar to the first embodiment. In addition to being equipped with a switch box 1 and a portable storage battery 2, a reverse power flow detection unit 60 is provided on the first main wiring 41. The switch 61 in the breaker unit 6 in the switch box 1 is set to the closed state when use is initiated.

[0038] If a battery without a reverse power flow prevention function is used as the portable storage battery 2 and reverse power flows from the AC input terminal 21, the reverse power flow detection unit 60 detects this and activates the circuit breaker 6. Specifically, the control circuit 62 sends an open signal to the switch 61, interrupting the line. This prevents reverse power flow from passing through the target branch switch 81 to the grid. At this time, the power supply circuit via the portable storage battery 2 to the specific load 9 is interrupted, and power is no longer supplied. In this case, the user operates the main switch 10 to release the circuit. This shorts the grid-side switch terminal 11 directly to the load-side switch terminal 13 (without passing through the portable storage battery 2), and power supply to the specific load 9 is resumed. The switch box 1 may be provided with a lamp, display, or the like to prompt the user to operate the main switch 10.

[0039] In the second embodiment, the reverse flow detection unit 60 and the circuit breaker 6 are provided, so that reverse flow power does not flow to the grid even if the portable storage battery 2 does not have a reverse flow prevention circuit. Therefore, with the power outage countermeasure set of the second embodiment, the solar power generation panel 3 can be used as a completely self-consumption power generation facility while providing emergency power countermeasures in the event of a power outage, regardless of the type of portable storage battery 2. Since no power application is required, the set can be easily implemented. For example, even if the portable storage battery 2 originally had a reverse flow prevention circuit when installed, but the user later replaced it and connected one without a reverse flow prevention circuit, power outage countermeasures can still be implemented without leaking reverse flow power to the grid. The switch 61 may also be configured to double as the additional switch 16 in the first embodiment.

[0040] Although the purpose of preventing reverse power flow can be achieved even if the circuit breaker 6 is configured to break on the first main wiring 41, the above configuration in which the circuit breaker breaks on the line between the grid-side switch terminal 11 and the AC input terminal 21 of the portable storage battery 2 is superior. Even if the switch 61 is provided on the first main wiring 41, reverse power flow to the grid is prevented. However, if the switch 61 is manually closed to restore power supply to the specific load 9, the circuit breaker 6 will immediately operate to open the switch 61 if the reverse power flow from the portable storage battery 2 has not been eliminated. In this case, the portable storage battery 2 must be removed from the switch box 1 before the switch 61 can be closed, which is cumbersome. The configuration in which the circuit breaker breaks between the grid-side switch terminal 11 and the AC input terminal 21 of the portable storage battery 2 (on the storage battery input line 43) is superior in that it does not require such complication.

[0041] Next, a power outage preparation set according to a third embodiment will be described. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the power outage preparation set according to the third embodiment. The power outage preparation set according to the third embodiment is also a set that is retrofitted and connected to a target branch switch 81 in a distribution board 8 of a house or the like, and includes a switch box 1, a portable storage battery 2, and a photovoltaic power generation panel 3. The power outage preparation set according to the third embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments in that the portable storage battery 2 is in a parallel relationship with the specific load 9 during power storage.

[0042] As shown in Fig. 5 , in the third embodiment, a line connected to the first main wiring 41 branches off to form an in-box main line 411 and a storage battery input line 43. The in-box main line 411 extends from the branch point and is connected to the load terminal 101 via the main switch 14. The storage battery output terminal 104 is also connected to the load terminal 101 via the main switch 14. The main switch 14 is normally (when there is no power outage) in a state where the in-box main line 411 and the load terminal 101 are short-circuited (hereinafter referred to as the storage battery off state), and in the event of a power outage, it opens the in-box main line 411 from the load terminal 101 and shorts the storage battery output terminal 104 to the load terminal 101 (hereinafter referred to as the storage battery on state).

[0043] As can be seen from Figure 5, when the main switch 14 is in the battery-on state, the portable storage battery 2 and the specified load 9 are connected in series. That is, the portable storage battery 2 is in parallel with the specified load 9 when storing electricity, but is connected in series with the specified load 9 when discharging. The portable storage battery 2 is connected to the target branch switch 81 on the input side, and during a power outage, the power supply drops to zero, detecting the power outage and outputting power from the AC output terminal 22 to supply to the specified load 9. Note that the main switch 14 is a manual switch such as a rotary switch, but it may also be a switch that is equipped with a sensor that detects a power outage and is automatically turned on and off by a signal from this sensor. The power outage detection sensor can be provided in the distribution board 8 or on the first main wiring 41.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 5 , in the third embodiment, an additional switch 16 is also provided on the battery input line 43. Here, the additional switch 16 switches between short-circuiting and open-circuiting the battery input line 43 and similarly includes an operating element, such as a lever (not shown), exposed on the outer surface of the box case 15. When removing the portable storage battery 2, the additional switch 16 is operated to open the battery input line 43. Therefore, even if the battery input terminal 103 is accidentally short-circuited, an overcurrent will not flow and the target branch switch 81 will not interrupt the power supply circuit. Note that in the third embodiment, a reverse power flow detection unit and a circuit breaker may be provided, as in the second embodiment, to account for the possibility that the portable storage battery 2 may not have a reverse power flow prevention function. The additional switch 16 may also function as a circuit breaker.

[0045] In the first to third embodiments, the portable storage battery 2 is provided with a DC input terminal 23 to which the solar panel 3 is directly connected, but the present invention can also be implemented with a portable storage battery that does not have a DC input terminal 23. This point will be explained below. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a power outage prevention set according to a fourth embodiment. The power outage prevention set according to the fourth embodiment is similarly composed of a switch box 1, a portable storage battery 2, a solar panel 3, main wiring 41, 42, etc.

[0046] As shown in Figure 6, the power outage prevention set of the fourth embodiment is basically configured, like the first embodiment, with a portable storage battery 2 interposed in series between the target branch switch 81 and the specific load 9. That is, the input terminal 21 of the portable storage battery 2 is connected to the target branch switch 81 by the first main wiring 41, and the output terminal 22 of the portable storage battery 2 is connected to the specific load 9 by the second main wiring 42. Therefore, the portable storage battery 2 and the specific load 9 are in series, with the portable storage battery 2 on the upstream side.

[0047] As shown in Figure 6, two switches 17, 18 are provided inside the switch box 1. One is a switch 17 (hereinafter referred to as the disconnection switch) for ensuring power supply to the specific load 9 when the portable storage battery 2 is disconnected. The other is a switch 18 (hereinafter referred to as the panel switch) for selecting whether or not to use power from the solar power generation panel 3 to store power in the portable storage battery 2.

[0048] The removal switch 17 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 . FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the connection state when the portable storage battery is removed in the fourth embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , a line from the first main wiring 41 branches into an in-box main line 411 that is short-circuited to the storage battery input terminal 103 and a first bypass line 412 within the switch box 1. The in-box main line 411 is connected to the storage battery input terminal 103 via the panel switch 18. As described above, the switch box 1 is provided with a load terminal 101 to which the second main wiring 42 is connected, and the first bypass line 412 is connected to the load terminal 101 via the removal switch 17.

[0049] As shown in Fig. 6 , when the portable storage battery 2 is attached to the switch box 1, the removal switch 17 opens the first bypass line 412 from the load terminal 101. As shown in Fig. 7 , when the portable storage battery 2 is removed, the removal switch 17 short-circuits the first bypass line 412 to the load terminal 101. For convenience of explanation, the removal switch 17 will be referred to as ON when the first bypass line 412 is short-circuited to the load terminal 101 and OFF when the first bypass line 412 is open.

[0050] The removal switch 17 may be a manual switch such as a push button switch, but is preferably an automatic switch that operates automatically when the portable storage battery 2 is removed. For example, a spring member may be provided for the removal switch 17, and when the portable storage battery 2 is removed, the spring action shifts the shorting plate, shorting (turning on) the first bypass wire 412 to the load terminal 101. When attaching the portable storage battery 2, the removal switch 17 is pushed in against the elasticity of the spring member, disconnecting (turning off) the first bypass wire 412 from the load terminal 101.

[0051] Next, the panel switch 18 will be described. As shown in Fig. 6, the switch box 1 is provided with a panel terminal 102. In this embodiment, the solar power generation panel 3 is equipped with an inverter 31, and the inverter 31 is provided on a power supply line from the solar power generation panel 3. The output of the inverter 31 is connected to the panel terminal 102, and the DC voltage from the solar power generation panel 3 is converted to AC 100V and supplied to the panel terminal 102.

[0052] The panel switch 18 switches between a state in which the storage battery input terminal 103 is shorted to the in-box main wires 411 and a state in which it is shorted to the panel terminal 102. For convenience of explanation, the panel switch 18 will be referred to as "ON" when the storage battery input terminal 103 is disconnected from the in-box main wires 411 and shorted to the panel terminal 102, and as "OFF" when the storage battery input terminal 103 is disconnected from the panel terminal 102 and shorted to the in-box main wires 411. A manual rotary switch is used for the panel switch 18. However, it is also possible to use a socket-shaped device into which a cable extending from the inverter 31 is inserted as the panel terminal, and to use an automatic switch that automatically turns on when the cable is connected as the panel switch 18.

[0053] 6, a second bypass line 45 is provided as a line branching off from a line connected to the first main line 41 within the switch box 1. The second bypass line 45 bypasses the portable storage battery 2 and the removal switch 17 and is connected to the second main line 42, and an interlocking switch 19 is provided on the second bypass line 45. The interlocking switch 19 is a switch that is interlocked with the panel switch 18 and is normally off (open), but when the panel switch 18 is turned on, it is interlocked and turns on (short-circuited).

[0054] The power outage prevention set of the fourth embodiment is also similarly retrofitted as described above in a facility such as a residence where the user is currently living. The portable storage battery 2 is attached to the switch box 1, and the disconnection switch 17 is turned off. The portable storage battery 2 is connected to the specific load 9 via the second main wiring 42. The panel switch 18 is also turned off, and the solar power generation panel 3 is not connected to the portable storage battery 2. In this wiring state, power is stored in the portable storage battery 2 while being supplied to the specific load 9. Because the portable storage battery 2 has a pass-through function, when it is fully charged, power from the target branch switch 81 is supplied to the specific load 9 without passing through the portable storage battery 2.

[0055] In this state, if a power outage occurs due to a large-scale disaster or the like, the power supply from the grid power to the distribution board 8 will be cut off, and power will no longer be supplied from the target branch switch 81. The portable storage battery 2 will detect this and start supplying power using its internal circuitry. That is, power from the portable storage battery 2 will be supplied to the specific load 9, and power supply to the specific load 9 (e.g., the living room) will continue. When the power outage is resolved, the internal circuitry of the portable storage battery 2 will detect the restoration of power and will return to a state in which it stores power and shorts out the specific load 9.

[0056] When the portable storage battery 2 is removed for outdoor use, the detachment switch 17 operates to short-circuit the first main wiring 41 and the second main wiring 42. This allows power supply to the specific load 9 to continue. Furthermore, when storing power in the portable storage battery 2 using the solar power generation panel 3 on a sunny day, the power supply line extending from the inverter 31 is connected to the panel terminal 102 of the switch box 1, and the panel switch 18 is turned on. This turns off the power supply from the target branch switch 81, and instead turns on the power supply from the solar power generation panel 3. At this time, the interlock switch 19 operates and turns on, and power supply from the target branch switch 81 to the specific load 9 is ensured by the bypassing second bypass line 45.

[0057] If it is a sunny day during a power outage, the panel switch 18 is turned on, and power is stored in the portable storage battery 2 in parallel. This postpones the time until the remaining power of the portable storage battery 2 runs out. In the fourth embodiment, it is also possible to use the minimum amount of electricity necessary in the event of a disaster, and installation can be completed inexpensively and in a short period of time. Furthermore, by using the solar power generation panel 3 in combination, the time until the remaining power runs out can be postponed, and the portable storage battery 2 can be used for leisure activities, or taken to a place where it is needed during a power outage.

[0058] Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power outage prevention set according to the fifth embodiment. Like the fourth embodiment, the power outage prevention set according to the fifth embodiment also employs a portable storage battery 2 that does not have a DC input terminal. However, unlike the fourth embodiment, the portable storage battery 2 is connected in parallel to a specific load 9.

[0059] As shown in Fig. 8 , in the fifth embodiment, an in-box main line 411 and a storage battery input line 43 are provided in a branched form from a line connected to the first main wiring 41. Similarly, the switch box 1 is provided with a panel terminal 102 and a panel switch 18. The panel switch 18 switches whether the storage battery input terminal 103 is shorted to the storage battery input line 43 or to the panel terminal 102. Similarly, when the solar power generation panel 3 is in use, the panel switch 18 is turned on, and the panel terminal 102 is shorted to the storage battery input terminal 103.

[0060] The in-box main wires 411 extend from the branch point and are connected to the load terminals 101 via the main switch 14. The storage battery output terminals 104 are also connected to the load terminals 101 via the main switch 14. The main switch 14 is a switch that shorts the in-box main wires 411 and the load terminals 101 (off state) under normal circumstances (when there is no power outage), and when a power outage occurs, it disconnects the in-box main wires 411 from the load terminals 101 and shorts the storage battery output terminals 104 to the load terminals 101 (on state). The main switch 14 is a manual switch such as a rotary switch, but may also be a switch that is provided with a sensor that detects a power outage and is automatically turned on and off in response to a signal from the sensor.

[0061] The fifth embodiment also provides low-cost power outage countermeasures in the event of a disaster. Furthermore, by using the solar power generation panel 3 in combination, the time until the remaining charge reaches zero can be extended, allowing the portable storage battery 2 to be used for leisure activities or taken to a necessary location during a power outage. In the fifth embodiment, the portable storage battery 2 is connected in parallel to the specific load 9, so that power supply to the specific load 9 continues without hindrance even when the portable storage battery 2 is detached. Therefore, a detachment switch 17 is not provided. Instead, a main switch 14 is provided, which must be operated during a power outage. However, if a power outage sensor is provided and an automatic switch that operates in response to a signal from the power outage sensor is provided as the main switch 14, power supply to the specific load 9 from the portable storage battery 2 can be automatically started when a power outage occurs.

[0062] Next, a sixth embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a power outage prevention set according to the sixth embodiment. The power outage prevention set according to the sixth embodiment has the same configuration as the first embodiment, but with a power storage control unit 5 added. In this embodiment, the power storage control unit 5 is provided in the switch box 1. The power storage control unit 5 controls the power storage in the portable storage battery 2 and the output (discharge) of the stored power. The power storage control unit 5 is provided across the storage battery input line 43 and the storage battery input line 44. In addition, a power outage detection sensor 50 is provided on the line from the main input terminal 100, and the output of the power outage detection sensor 50 is constantly input to the power storage control unit 5.

[0063] 9, the power storage control unit 5 includes an input unit 51, a storage unit 52, and a controller 53. The input unit 51 allows data for power storage control to be input from outside and may be configured, for example, as a touch panel display. The input unit 51 is attached to the box case 15 so that it can be operated from outside. The power outage detection sensor 50 is a device that detects a power outage by measuring the voltage on the line from the main input terminal 100.

[0064] The storage unit 52 includes a ROM that stores control programs such as a sequence control program, a RAM that stores control data, etc. The controller 53 is composed of a sequencer or the like that has a clock function. The storage unit 52 and the controller 53 may be composed of a so-called PLC (programmable logic controller).

[0065] Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a power storage control unit in the sixth embodiment. As shown in Fig. 10, the power storage control unit 5 includes several switches, and a controller 53 executes a sequence control program that controls each switch. As shown in Fig. 10, the power storage control unit 5 includes a bypass line 54 that runs parallel to the portable storage battery 2. The bypass line 54 is a line that directly shorts the storage battery input line 43 and the storage battery output line 44, bypassing the portable storage battery 2.

[0066] A power storage selection switch 55 is provided at the point where the bypass line 54 branches off from the storage battery input line 43. The power storage selection switch 55 is a switch that selects whether the line from the storage battery input line 43 is short-circuited to the bypass line 54 or to the storage battery input terminal 103. For convenience of explanation, the state in which the line from the storage battery input line 43 is short-circuited to the bypass line 54 is referred to as a bypass state, and the state in which the line is short-circuited to the storage battery input terminal 103 is referred to as a non-bypass state.

[0067] A system selection switch 56 is provided downstream of the power storage selection switch 55 (on the side of the storage battery input terminal 103). The system selection switch 56 is a switch that selects whether or not power storage is to be performed using system power from the target branch switch 81, and power storage is performed using system power only when this switch is on.

[0068] A power supply selection switch 57 is provided at the point where the bypass line 54 joins the battery output line 44. The power supply selection switch 57 is a switch that selects whether to open the bypass line 54 from the battery output line 44 and short-circuit the battery output terminal 104 to the battery output line 44, or to open the battery output terminal 104 from the battery output line 44 and short-circuit the bypass line 54 to the battery output line 44. For convenience of explanation, a state in which the bypass line 54 is opened from the battery output line 44 and short-circuited the battery output terminal 104 to the battery output line 44 is referred to as a non-bypass state, and a state in which the battery output terminal 104 is opened from the battery output line 44 and short-circuited the bypass line 54 to the battery output line 44 is referred to as a bypass state.

[0069] The storage unit 52 is implemented with a time zone input program for inputting a grid power storage time zone, which is a time zone during a day when portable storage battery 2 is charged with power from the grid power, and a battery power supply time zone, which is a time zone during a day when power stored in portable storage battery 2 is supplied to specific load 9. The time zone input program includes a module for displaying an input field for each time zone on the touch panel display, and a module for storing each input time zone in the storage unit 52.

[0070] The grid power storage time period and the battery power supply time period do not overlap. That is, the battery power supply time period is a time period in which power is supplied to the specific load 9 without using grid power, and during this time period, power is not stored in the battery using grid power. The time period input program is coded so that an error occurs if the two time periods overlap.

[0071] Controller 53 controls power storage and power supply by executing a sequence control program using as an argument the data for each time period stored in storage unit 52. That is, during the grid power storage time period, controller 53 turns on grid selection switch 56, sets power storage selection switch 55 to the non-bypass state, and also sets power supply selection switch 57 to the non-bypass state. As a result, portable storage battery 2 is charged with grid power, and grid power is supplied to specific load 9 by the pass-through function of portable storage battery 2.

[0072] During a time period other than the grid power storage time period and other than the battery power supply time period, the controller 53 turns off the grid selection switch 56 and sets the power storage selection switch 55 and the power supply selection switch 57 to the bypass state. As a result, the power supplied to the portable storage battery 2 becomes zero, and the grid power is supplied to the specific load 9 via the bypass line 54. Since the input power of the portable storage battery 2 becomes zero, the portable storage battery 2 outputs power as if a power outage has occurred. However, since the portable storage battery 2 is not connected to the specific load 9 at the power supply selection switch 57, power is not supplied to the specific load 9.

[0073] When the battery power supply time period begins, the controller 53 turns off the grid selection switch 56 and sets the power supply selection switch 57 to the non-bypass state. As a result, the power stored in the portable battery 2 is supplied to the specific load 9, and grid power is not used at this time. Note that, as a control for this time period, the power storage selection switch 55 may be set to the bypass state as long as the power supply selection switch 57 is in the non-bypass state.

[0074] The controller 53 is configured to constantly receive a signal from the power failure detection sensor 50. When the power failure detection sensor 50 detects a power failure (when it detects zero voltage), the sequence control program performs control as if it were the battery power supply time zone even if it is not the battery power supply time zone. That is, the system selection switch 56 is turned off and the power supply selection switch 57 is set to the non-bypass state. The sequence control program is coded so that the above-mentioned controls are performed by the controller 53.

[0075] The operation of the power outage prevention set of the sixth embodiment will be described below. As in the above-described embodiments, the power outage prevention set is installed between the target branch switch 81 and the specific load 9. Specifically, the target branch switch 81 and the main input terminal 100 are connected via the first main wiring 41, and the load terminal 101 and the specific load 9 are connected via the second main wiring 42. After installation is complete (or before installation), time zone data is input. That is, the user or installer inputs data for each time zone into the input unit 51. Specifically, the user or installer inputs the data for each time zone into the input unit 51. Specifically, the user inputs the time zones with low electricity rates as grid storage time zones. Then, the user inputs the daytime time zones with high electricity rates as battery power supply time zones. The battery power supply time zones are input based on the capacity of the portable storage battery 2, i.e., the amount of power stored when the portable storage battery 2 is fully charged. Therefore, a portion of the daytime time zones with high electricity rates may be input as the battery power supply time zones.

[0076] After the installation and time zone data are completed as described above, the power outage countermeasure set is used to store power in the portable storage battery 2 and supply power to the specific load 9. Grid power from the target branch switch 81 flows through the portable storage battery 2 from the first selection terminal 11 of the main switch 10, and is supplied to the specific load 9 via the second selection terminal 12 of the main switch 10. At this time, if it is a grid power storage time zone, power is also stored in the portable storage battery 29. Furthermore, if the power storage mode selection switch 20 is set to hybrid mode or DC mode, power is stored in the portable storage battery 29 by the solar power generation panel 3 during sunny daytime hours.

[0077] Furthermore, when it is not the grid power storage time period nor the battery power supply time period, grid selection switch 56 is turned off, and grid power is supplied directly to specific load 9 via bypass line 54 without being stored in portable storage battery 2. When the battery power supply time period begins, grid selection switch 56 is turned off, and power supply selection switch 57 is set to the non-bypass state. As a result, the power stored in portable storage battery 2 is supplied to specific load 9 for use.

[0078] Meanwhile, if a power outage occurs due to a large-scale disaster or the like while the power outage countermeasure set is operating, the power outage detection sensor 50 detects this, and the controller 53 controls the battery power supply time zone regardless of whether it is during the battery power supply time zone. That is, the system selection switch 56 is turned off, and the power supply selection switch 57 is set to the non-bypass state. The internal power outage detection circuit of the portable battery 2 is activated, and the automatic power supply circuit is activated, generating an output voltage at the AC output terminal 22, which is supplied to the specific load 9 via the power supply selection switch 57. As a result, power supply to the specific load 9 continues.

[0079] When the power outage is resolved, the power outage detection sensor 50 detects the restoration of power, and the controller 53 switches to a state appropriate to the time period. That is, if it is a grid power storage time period, the grid selection switch 56 is turned on, and the power storage selection switch 55 and the power supply selection switch 57 are each set to the non-bypass state. If it is neither a grid power storage time period nor a storage battery power supply time period, the grid selection switch 56 is turned off, and the power storage selection switch 55 and the power supply selection switch 57 are set to the bypass state. In either case, the supply of grid power to the specific load 9 is resumed via the pass-through function of the portable storage battery 2 or the bypass line 54. Note that if it is sunny during the daytime during the power outage, the solar power generation panel 3 also stores power in the portable storage battery 2 in parallel. This extends the time until the remaining charge of the portable storage battery 2 becomes zero.

[0080] According to this type of power outage preparation set, similarly, the portable storage battery 2 enables the minimum necessary amount of electricity to be used in the event of a disaster, making it possible to implement power outage preparations inexpensively and easily. Furthermore, since the power outage preparation set of this embodiment is provided with the power storage control unit 5, it is possible to store (charge) the portable storage battery 2 with grid power during times when electricity rates are low, and to supply power from the portable storage battery 2 instead of grid power during times when electricity rates are high. This also contributes to saving on electricity costs.

[0081] Next, a seventh embodiment of the power outage prevention set will be described. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the power outage prevention set of the seventh embodiment. The power outage prevention set of this embodiment has a configuration in which a power storage control unit 5 is provided in the configuration of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5. The power storage control unit 5 is provided so as to straddle the storage battery input line 43 and the storage battery input line 44. Similarly, a power outage detection sensor 50 is provided on the line from the main input terminal 100, and the output from the power outage detection sensor 50 is constantly input to the power storage control unit 5.

[0082] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the power storage control unit 5 in the seventh embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12 , the power storage control unit 5 in the seventh embodiment also has an input unit 51, a storage unit 52, and a controller 53. The input unit 51 allows a grid power storage time period and a storage battery power supply time period to be input and stored in the storage unit 52. As shown in FIG. 12 , the power storage control unit 5 in the seventh embodiment also has a grid selection switch 56. However, unlike the second embodiment, the bypass line 54 is not provided, and neither the power storage selection switch 55 nor the power supply selection switch 57 are provided. Instead, the main switch 14 is configured to be switchable manually or by external control, and the controller 53 is capable of controlling the main switch 14.

[0083] The implemented sequence control program turns on the system selection switch 56 during the system storage time period and sets the main switch 14 to the storage battery off state. During the storage battery power supply time period, the system selection switch 56 is turned off and the main switch 14 is set to the storage battery on state. Because the system selection switch 56 is off, the portable storage battery 2 determines that there is a power outage and generates output power, which is supplied to the specific load 9 via the main switch 14. When it is neither a system storage time period nor a storage battery power supply time period, the sequence control program turns off the system selection switch 56 and sets the main switch 14 to the storage battery off state. Because the system selection switch 56 is off, output is generated from the portable storage battery 2, but because the main switch 14 is in the storage battery off state, power is not supplied from the portable storage battery 2 to the system.

[0084] When a power outage occurs, the power outage detection sensor 50 detects it and inputs a signal indicating the occurrence of a power outage to the power storage control unit 5. When the sequence control program running on the controller 53 receives the power outage detection signal, it controls the system selection switch 56 to be turned off and the main switch 14 to be in the storage battery on state unless the system is in the storage battery power supply time period. If the system is in the storage battery power supply time period, the system selection switch 56 is turned off and the main switch 14 remains in the storage battery on state. When the power outage detection sensor 50 detects a power restoration, the main switch 14 is turned off and the storage battery is in the off state unless the system is in the storage battery power supply time period. In this case, if the system is in the grid power supply time period, the system selection switch 56 is turned on and power storage in the portable storage battery 2 using grid power is resumed. The sequence control program is coded to perform each of these operations. In this embodiment, the power storage control unit 5 is also provided, allowing the portable storage battery 2 to be stored (charged) with grid power during times when electricity is cheap and to be supplied with power from the portable storage battery 2 instead of grid power during times when electricity is expensive. This contributes to saving on electricity costs.

[0085] In the configurations of the sixth and seventh embodiments, the power storage control unit 5 may be built into the portable storage battery 2. That is, when a storage battery with a programmable schedule for power storage and discharge (power supply to the specific load 9) is used as the portable storage battery 2, the power storage control unit 5 may be built into the portable storage battery 2. In the configuration of the sixth embodiment, the bypass line 54 may be wiring within the portable storage battery 2 that realizes a pass-through function, and the system selection switch 55, power storage selection switch 56, and power storage selection switch 57 may each be elements of a control circuit within the portable storage battery 2. In the seventh embodiment, a portable storage battery 2 that can output a control signal when stored power is output is used, and the main switch 14 is configured to be controlled by this control signal.

[0086] Furthermore, if the power storage control unit 5 requires power, it may be configured to receive power from a line extending from the main input terminal 100 (from the target branch switch 81). However, since this configuration would cease to function during a power outage, a separate power source such as a dry cell battery may be installed. In some cases, a configuration using power stored in a portable storage battery 2 may be adopted. Furthermore, in the sixth and seventh embodiments, the power storage control unit 5 may be provided separately from the switch box 1 (separated from the switch box 1). The input unit 51 may be configured to accept input from a touch panel display or a terminal such as a smartphone or PC. In this case, the input unit 51 may accept input via near-field communication (NFC) or via a network such as Ethernet. Furthermore, the input unit 51 may be part of a Home Energy Management System (HEMS) equipped with a smart meter. In this case, the input unit 51 may be configured to communicate wirelessly with the HEMS using the Wi-Sun wireless communication standard and receive time zone data from the HEMS.

[0087] Furthermore, in the sixth and seventh embodiments, inputting data for each time period is optional for the user. If the user does not input data for each time period, power storage in the portable storage battery 2 and power supply from the portable storage battery 2 to the specific load 9 are performed as usual. That is, power storage in the portable storage battery 2 is performed without selecting a time period and stops when the portable storage battery 2 is fully charged. Then, in the event of a power outage, output is automatically generated by the automatic power supply circuit and power is supplied to the specific load 9. Note that automatic control by the controller 53 is not essential to the present invention; manual control by a user's operation is also possible. That is, a configuration may be adopted in which the user manually charges the portable storage battery 2 during time periods when electricity rates are low, and manually switches the switch so that power is supplied from the portable storage battery 2 to the specific load 9 during time periods when electricity rates are high. Therefore, the system selection switch 56 in the sixth and seventh embodiments and the power storage selection switch 55 and power supply selection switch 57 in the sixth embodiment may be manual switches. Furthermore, the power storage control unit 5 may not be provided with an input unit or a memory unit and may be controlled by such manual switches.

[0088] Although the power outage countermeasure sets of the above embodiments have been described as having one specific load 9, there may be multiple specific loads 9. That is, the second main wiring 42 may branch into multiple branches, and the loads connected to each branch may be the specific loads 9. Furthermore, whether there is one or multiple specific loads 9, a breaker (overcurrent prevention device) may be added to the specific load 9 side. An example of this configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 13. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration in which a breaker is added to the specific load side.

[0089] In recent years, energy-saving equipment (such as energy-saving home appliances) including LED lighting have become increasingly popular, resulting in a reduction in power consumption by loads. Therefore, the power outage preparedness sets of each embodiment can also be used to cover multiple loads. An example of this is shown in FIG. 13 . FIG. 13 (1) shows a wiring example without a power outage preparedness set. In this example, a first wiring 911 for a living room light (first load 91) is connected to a first branch switch 82, and a second wiring 92 for a living room outlet (second load 92) is connected to a second branch switch 83.

[0090] On the other hand, when installing a power outage countermeasure set, the first wiring 91 is disconnected from the first branch switch 82, and the second wiring 92 is disconnected from the second branch switch 83, and the two are connected to each other. As shown in FIG. 13 (2), the power outage countermeasure set in this example is provided with an additional breaker 421 on the second main wiring 42, and the first and second wirings 91, 92 are connected to the additional breaker 421. In other words, the second main wiring 42 is connected to multiple loads 91, 92 via the additional breaker 421. The additional breaker 421 is a device that breaks the circuit when a current exceeding a limit flows.

[0091] The additional breaker 421 has several functions. One is to protect the portable storage battery 2 from overcurrent. When a short circuit or other problem occurs on the load 91, 92 side, an overcurrent would flow through the portable storage battery 2, and this function prevents this. Even in the parallel-arrangement configuration shown in FIG. 5 , if a short circuit occurs while the portable storage battery 2 is being used during a power outage, the portable storage battery 2 could be damaged, so the additional breaker 421 prevents this. Another function is to facilitate the detection of leakage currents or other problems in the loads 91, 92, and to cut off the power supply during equipment maintenance or other such work on the loads 91, 92, facilitating work. As such, the power outage prevention set of each embodiment can be installed to cover multiple loads, and both multiple and single loads are configured with an additional breaker between the load and the additional breaker. The additional breaker may be installed between the switch box 1 and the specific load 9 (on the second main wiring 42) or within the switch box 1 (on the wiring leading to the load terminal 101). Furthermore, an additional breaker may be provided on the wiring from the main input terminal 100. In any case, it is preferable to adopt a configuration that complies with laws and standards related to electrical equipment and that takes safety into full consideration.

[0092] In addition, the power outage prevention sets of each embodiment may be interposed between multiple target branch switches and multiple specific loads. That is, a first power outage prevention set may be interposed between a target branch switch and a specific load, and a second power outage prevention set may be interposed between another target branch switch and another specific load. In this case, a solar power generation panel may be shared by the first and second power outage prevention sets. A power supply line from one solar power generation panel may be branched into two to supply power to each portable storage battery, or a switch may be provided for one solar power generation panel to select one of the portable storage batteries to supply power.

[0093] The power outage prevention sets of the above-described embodiments can be suitably used in offices and government offices as well as in ordinary homes. For example, government offices that act as a command center for responding to disasters must ensure the minimum necessary power supply (such as a power supply for contacting relevant parties) even in the event of a power outage. For this purpose, the power outage prevention sets of the above embodiments can be used.

[0094] Furthermore, in the above embodiments, the power outage prevention set is retrofitted, i.e., attached to a distribution board in an existing building. However, the power outage prevention set of the present invention can also be installed when a building is constructed. The following describes the installation of a power outage prevention set during building construction. In the construction of a building, the power distribution-related work typically involves installing temporary wiring after the structural components are installed. Then, once the interior construction is complete, the final wiring work is carried out. At this time, a distribution board is installed at a location where grid power is supplied, and power feeders to each load (each room) are attached to the output terminals of each branch switch on the distribution board. Then, power receiving terminals, such as outlets, are installed at each load.

[0095] The installation of the power outage prevention set of each embodiment can be performed during such normal power distribution work. That is, instead of directly connecting the power feeder line to the specific load 9 at one branch switch 81, the installation is completed simply by connecting the power outage prevention set therebetween. Specifically, one end of the first main wiring 41 is connected to one branch switch 81, and the other end of the first main wiring 41 is connected to the main input terminal 100 on the switch box 1. Furthermore, one end of the second main wiring 42 is connected to the load terminal 101 on the switch box 1, and the other end is connected to the specific load 9. This completes the installation of the power outage prevention set.

[0096] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Switch box 100 Main input terminal 101 Load terminal 102 Panel terminal 103 Storage battery input terminal 104 Storage battery output terminal 10 Main switch 11 First selection terminal 12 Second selection terminal 13 Common terminal 14 Main switch 15 Box case 16 Additional switch 2 Portable storage battery 3 Solar power generation panel 41 First main wiring 411 Main wiring inside the box 42 Second main wiring 43 Storage battery input line 44 Storage battery output line 5 Storage control unit 8 Distribution board 81 Target branch switch 9 Specific load

Claims

1. A portable battery switch box used when attaching a portable battery to a target branch switch that is a branch switch in a distribution board installed in a building and is installed to supply power to a specific load, the portable battery switch box having a main input terminal connected to the target branch switch, a load terminal connected to the specific load, a battery input terminal connected to the input terminal of the portable battery, and a battery output terminal connected to the output terminal of the portable battery, wiring connecting the main input terminal to the battery input terminal and wiring connecting the battery output terminal to the load terminal, allowing the portable battery to be installed between the target branch switch and the specific load so that the portable battery is connected in series with the specific load, and a switch and wiring are provided to short-circuit the main input terminal and the load terminal when the portable battery is removed.

2. A portable battery switch box as described in claim 1, characterized in that an additional switch is provided on the wiring connecting the main input terminal and the storage battery input terminal, which can select whether to short or open the line.

3. A portable battery switch box used when attaching a portable battery to a target branch switch that is a branch switch in a distribution board installed in a building and is installed to supply power to a specific load, the portable battery switch box having a main input terminal connected to the target branch switch, a load terminal connected to the specific load, a battery input terminal connected to the input terminal of the portable battery, and a battery output terminal connected to the output terminal of the portable battery, with a built-in switch, and having: a main line within the box connecting the main input terminal to the load terminal via the switch, a battery input line branching from the main line within the box and connecting the battery input terminal to the main input terminal, and a battery output line connecting the battery output terminal to the load terminal via the switch, the switch short-circuiting the main input terminal to the load terminal and disconnecting the battery output terminal from the load terminal when there is no power outage, and disconnecting the main input terminal from the load terminal and short-circuiting the battery output terminal to the load terminal when there is a power outage.

4. A portable battery switch box according to claim 3, characterized in that an additional switch is provided on the battery input line to select between short-circuiting and opening the line.

5. A power outage prevention set that is attached to a distribution board that distributes power to each load, and that is attached between a target branch switch, which is one of the branch switches in the distribution board, and a specific load in a state in which power is supplied from the target branch switch to the specific load when there is no power outage, characterized in that the power outage prevention set comprises: a portable storage battery; a portable storage battery switch box as described in claim 1; a first main wiring that connects the target branch switch and the main input terminal; a second main wiring that connects the load terminal and the specific load; a cable that connects the storage battery input terminal to the input terminal of the portable storage battery; and a cable that connects the storage battery output terminal to the output terminal of the portable storage battery.

6. A power outage prevention set as described in claim 5, characterized in that it is equipped with a solar power generation panel, the portable storage battery is capable of storing electricity using power generated by the solar power generation panel, and when power is supplied to the portable storage battery using power from the solar power generation panel during non-power outages, power supply from the target branch switch to the specific load is ensured.

7. A power outage prevention set as described in claim 5, further comprising a power storage control unit that is capable of controlling the portable storage battery to store power from the system power from the target branch switch during a system power storage time period and not to store power from the system power from the target branch switch outside the system power storage time period, and wherein power supply from the target branch switch to the specific load is ensured when the power storage control unit is not storing power from the system power from the target branch switch to the portable storage battery.

8. A power outage prevention set as described in claim 7, characterized in that the storage control unit is capable of controlling the supply of electricity stored in the portable storage battery to the specific load in place of grid power during the storage battery power supply period.

9. A power outage prevention set that is attached to a distribution board that distributes power to each load, and that is attached between a target branch switch, which is one of the branch switches in the distribution board, and a specific load in a state in which power is supplied from the target branch switch to the specific load when there is no power outage, characterized in that the power outage prevention set comprises: a portable storage battery; a portable storage battery switch box as described in claim 3; a first main wiring that connects the target branch switch and the main input terminal; a second main wiring that connects the load terminal and the specific load; a cable that connects the storage battery input terminal to the input terminal of the portable storage battery; and a cable that connects the storage battery output terminal to the output terminal of the portable storage battery.

10. A power outage prevention set as described in claim 9, characterized in that it is equipped with a solar power generation panel, the portable storage battery is capable of storing electricity using power generated by the solar power generation panel, and when the portable storage battery is powered by power from the solar power generation panel during non-power outages, power supply from the target branch switch to the specific load is ensured.

11. A power outage prevention set as described in claim 9, further comprising a power storage control unit that is capable of controlling the portable storage battery to store power from the system power from the target branch switch during a system power storage time period and not to store power from the system power from the target branch switch outside the system power storage time period, and wherein power supply from the target branch switch to the specific load is ensured when the power storage control unit is not storing power from the system power from the target branch switch to the portable storage battery.

12. A power outage prevention set as described in claim 11, characterized in that the storage control unit is capable of controlling the supply of electricity stored in the portable storage battery to the specific load in place of grid power during the storage battery power supply period.

13. A power outage countermeasure method comprising the steps of: connecting a portable storage battery to a distribution board installed in a building during non-power outages, storing electricity in the portable storage battery; connecting a specific load in the building to the distribution board with a power supply line to supply electricity from the grid to the specific load; and during a power outage, connecting the output terminal of the stored portable storage battery to the specific load to supply power; and disconnecting the power supply line from the distribution board from the specific load to prevent the power supply line from shorting out to the specific load.

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