Wind turbine rotor blades and operation method thereof

Abstract

A horizontal axis wind turbine rotor consists of a central hub, cylindrical support sections, and airfoil-shaped blades. The blades have open through profiles along their length between the front and rear profile following the leading edge, which can be either straight or curved. The chord of each blade's airfoil forms an angle relative to the tangent of the rotor's perimeter, and the lower surface of the blade forms an angle with the direction of wind incidence. Each cylindrical support can carry more than one blade along its length, varying in dimensions.

Description

Title of the InventionWind turbine rotor blades and operation method thereof.Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the design and operational method of wind turbine blades. The blades feature an opening in the direction of the wind, are positioned peripherally with an incline, and have an airfoil shape. The air passes through the opening in the airfoil, and due to the configuration, improves performance at low wind speeds. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbines use the force of lift or the force of drag to convert wind energy into mechanical and electrical energy. The most common horizontal axis wind turbines use airfoil-shaped blades. These blades generate lift due to differential pressure that created by the shape when the air falls on them along entire length. Usually, these types of wind turbine use three blades that are connected to a rotor with same radial distance and in this way transfer the energy to the rotor.Summary of invention

[0003] The present invention comprises at least one airfoil blade positioned circumferentially around the rotational circle of the rotor and connected to a cylindrical beam for support with the central axis of the hub. The airfoil is positioned so that air passes through its interior with the upper surface connected to the cylindrical beam. It is designed with curvature along the leading edge, causing the dynamic pressure of incoming air to rotate it at low wind speeds. The length of the blade has the direction of the air passing through it, forming an angle to create pressure difference. The width of the blade, i.e., the profile of the airfoil, is perpendicular to the air and continues convexly along its length or at an angle. The profile and chord of the blade form an angle with respect to the support cylindrical beam and the rotational circle, known as the angle of attack. The configuration and positioning of the blade achieve maintaining the rotor diameter regardless of changes in blade length.Technical Problem

[0004] Horizontal axis wind turbines so far have featured airfoil blades and generate lift force radially along their entire length. The lift force transmitted to the main axis is greater at the beginning of the biade and much smaller at its tip. Moreover, they begin to operate at wind speeds higher than those of Savonius-type wind turbines. Solution to Problem

[0005] This particular wind turbine features airfoil-shaped blades positioned around the rotor, transferring force to the main axis through a cylindrical support beam, operating like a lever where the force is generated at the rotor's edge. The blade's design allows air to pass through its interior, enabling dynamic pressure to facilitate operation even at very low wind speeds. The length of the blades follows the direction of the airflow inside the blade, either directly or at an angle, ensuring that the air does not strike the surface perpendicularly, thereby reducing drag.Advantageous Effects of Invention

[0006] The through opening of the blade facilitates its construction.

[0007] The air passing through the continuous opening of the blade, due to the configuration of this opening, forces the rotor to rotate even at very Sow wind speeds.

[0008] Positioning the blade around the rotor results in constructing the blade in a smaller size.

[0009] The airflow does not strike the surface of the blade perpendicularly along its length, resulting in reduced drag.

[0010] The configuration of the blades generates lift both in the direction of the airflow and during the rotation of the rotor.

[0011] The cylindrical support beam can accommodate more than one blade without affecting the airflow.

[0012] The cylindrical support beam and the blades can be separate sections, making their transportation easier.Brief Description of Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 is the front view of the rotor with three airfoil-shaped biades (3).

[0014] Figure 2 is the side view of Figure 1 , showing the length of the blades (3), the curvature of the leading edge (5), and the angle of attack of the air on them.

[0015] Figure 3 is the rear view' of Figure 1 of the rotor, showing the continuous opening (7) of the blades (3).

[0016] Figure 4 is the angled side view of Figure 1 of the rotor, showing the curved surfaces of the blades (8 & 9).

[0017] Figure 5 is the top view of Figure 1 of the rotor, showing the connection of the cylindrical beams (2) with the blades (3).

[0018] Figure 6 shows the rotor with six blades (3) and three cylindrical sections (2) for their support.

[0019] Figure 7 is the blade, showing the blade profile (10 & 12), the inner and outer surfaces (8, 9 & 11 ), and its continuous through opening.Description of Embodiments

[0020] The invention pertains to rotor blades for a horizontal-axis wind turbine. As shown in Figures i -6, the wind turbine features a central hub (1 ) that serves as the connection point to the central axis of the turbine's spindle. The central hub (1) is connected to cylindrical sections (2). The cylindrical sections (2) are connected at their other ends to the airfoil-shaped blades (3). The blades (3) have airfoil profiles (10 & 12) and are continuously open (7) along their length, allowing air to pass through. They are positioned so that the chord of blade (3) forms an angle with the rotor's perimeter during rotation, creating lift from surfaces (8 & 9) due to their airfoil shape. The incoming air, in direction (6), passes through blade (3) via opening (7) and, due to the curvature (5) and the inner surface (11), generates torque and rotational direction (4). The blades (3) can be oriented in either direction, depending on the desired rotational direction. The rotor can have one or more cylindrical beams (2), with each cylindrical beam (2) capable of supporting more than one blade (3) in varying sizes along its length. The blades can be positioned to receive airflow' either upstream or downstream of the wind turbine.

[0021] In Figure 1 , the front view of the rotor is shown with three cylindrical sections (2) and three blades (3). Each blade experiences three forces:* The air passing through the blade (3) via the opening (7) creates static pressure and a pressure difference.* The air impacting (6) the blade (3) due to the curved surfaces (8 & 9) of the profile generates a pressure difference along its length.» During the rotation of the blades, a pressure difference is created due to the airfoil shape of the blade (3).

[0022] In Figure 2, the inclination of each blade (3) with respect to the direction of the air (6) is shown, which creates a pressure difference on surfaces (8 & 9). The length of the blade (3), as seen in Figure 2, can be increased or decreased without significantly affecting the diameter of the rotor.

[0023] In Figure 3, the rear view of the rotor is shown, highlighting the through opening (7) of the blade (3) through which the air exits after passing through its interior. The rear profile (12) of the blade can have the same or different dimensions compared to the front profile (10).

[0024] In Figure 4, the shape of airfoil (3) is depicted. The through-hole opening (7) of airfoil (3) facilitates its construction and transport. The connection of the airfoil to cylindrical beam (2) is positioned such that aerodynamic forces generated maximize performance at the central hub point (1 ).

[0025] In Figure 5, the top view of the rotor shows the curvature of the leading edge (5) of each airfoil (3) along its length, creating pressure differences along this edge from incoming air and air passing over externally along the direction of incidence (6). Figure 5 also illustrates that the cylindrical support beams (2) are connected to the midpoint of each airfoil (3) along its length. This point can be adjusted with appropriate support and configuration of the airfoils, meaning it can be supported either at the front profile (10), the rear profile (12), or at another point.

[0026] "In Figure 6, the front view of the wind turbine rotor is shown with three cylindrical sections (2) and six airfoil blades (3), two blades (3) on each cylindrical support section (2). Multiple blades (3) can be placed on each cylindrical section (2), increasing the rotor's efficiency as they do not affect the airflow to the other blades (3) when placed at a certain distance.

[0027] In Figure 7, the blade (3) and the through-hole (7) along its length are shown, through which the incoming air crosses internally through the blade (3) and exits from it. The inner surface (11 ) is shaped so that the incoming air- exits without resistance.The inner surface (11 ) follows the shape of the outer surfaces (8 & 9), making the construction of blade (3) easier. The thickness of blade (3), as seen from the front profile (10) and the rear profile (12), is designed to withstand the forces of the air. The construction of blade (3) can also be done in a frame form in larger sizes and can be reinforced with various materials to create its internal and external surfaces.I nd ustria I Appl ica b il it yThe invention can be used in both industrial and household applications,, under all conditions; both on land and at sea, to meet the needs for electrical and mechanical energy generation from wind.

Claims

Ciaims1. A wind turbine rotor that includes blade (3) with an airfoil shape, featuring a through opening (7) supported by cylindrical support beam (2) and central connection hub point (1).

2. The blade (3) mentioned in claim 1, which has a through opening (7) along its length between the front profile (10) and rear profile (12), following the leading edge 5 of the blade, which can be straight or curved.

3. The blade (3) referred to in any of the previous claims, where the leading edge (5) of the airfoil forms a curve along its length.

4. The blade (3) referred to in any of the previous claims, where the front profile (10) has the same or different dimensions compared to the rear profile 12.

5. The blade (3) referred to in any of the previous claims, where the inner surface (11 ) follows the shape of the outer surfaces (8 & 9).

6. The blade (3) referred to in any of the previous claims, where its chord forms an angle with the tangent to the perimeter of the rotor.

7. The blade (3) referred to in any of the previous claims, where the lower surface (8) forms an angle with the direction of wind incidence.

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