GIP receptor agonist compounds

Abstract

The present disclosure provides compounds of the Formula (IX), and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and their use as agonist at the human glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus and obesity.

Description

GIP Receptor Agonist Compounds FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] This invention relates to cyclopropane-carboxamide compounds having agonist activity at the human glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions, and therapeutic uses of the compounds. The compounds may be useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Also, the compounds may be useful in the treatment of obesity. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Over the past several decades, the prevalence of diabetes has continued to rise. T2DM is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for approximately 90% of all diabetes. T2DM is characterized by high blood glucose levels associated mainly with insulin resistance. The current standard of care for T2DM includes diet and exercise, treatment with oral medications, and injectable glucose-lowering drugs, including incretin-based therapies such as Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. When treatment with oral medications and incretin-based therapies are insufficient, insulin treatment is considered. Despite the advances in treatment available today, many patients with T2DM are unable to reach their glycemic control goals. Uncontrolled diabetes leads to several conditions associated with increased morbidity and mortality of patients. There is a need for alternative treatments to enable more patients with T2DM to reach their glycemic treatment goals.

[0003] Obesity is a complex medical disorder resulting in excessive accumulation of adipose tissue mass. Today obesity is a global public health concern that is associated with undesired health outcomes and morbidities. Desired treatments for patients with obesity should reduce excess body weight, improve obesity-related co-morbidities, and maintain long-term weight reduction. There is a need for alternative treatment options to induce therapeutic weight loss in patients in need of such treatment.

[0004] Both GLP-1 and GIP are incretins, gastrointestinal hormones that regulate blood glucose by enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Incretins are also involved in gastric emptying and the regulation of food intake. Incretin-based therapies have provided T2DM and obesity patients with valuable treatment options. Tirzepatide, an agonist having activity at boththe GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and GIPR, has been approved as an injectable for the treatment of T2DM (MounjaroTM) and for chronic weight management in adults with obesity (ZepboundTM).

[0005] Injectable agents, however, have a number of drawbacks including inconvenience, pain, and the potential for injection site irritation. Therefore, patients often prefer orally administered drugs. Whilst there are a number of GLP-1R agonists in clinical development for oral administration including, for example, orforglipron (Frias et al., Lancet 2023: 402: 472-83), there are currently no such GIPR agonists.

[0006] There remains a need for alternative treatments for T2DM and obesity. In particular, there is a need for GIPR agonist compounds, especially GIPR agonist compounds which can be administered orally. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0007] In a first aspect, there is provided a compound of the formula: 8'Formula IX wherein R1is: i) an 8-, 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, C1-C4haloalkoxy, oxo, CN, halo,CD3, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NR16COR12, iii) OH, or iv) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, oxo, OCH3, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OH; R12is NHR13, pyridyl, phenyl, OCH3, CH3or C3-C6cycloalkyl, wherein the pyridyl, phenyl or C3- C6cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is C1-C4alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R16is H or CH3; A is phenyl, a 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, heteroaryl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from halo, CF3, CHF2, CH3, cyclopropyl, OH or CN, or when R1is an optionally substituted 8-, 9- or 10- membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle A may be absent; R2is H, CH3, halo, CF3 or CHF2; R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 8- or 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from oxo, halo and CH3, or ii) a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from CH3, CD3, CHF2, OH and CH2CN; X is O or S; R6and R7are each CH3, or together form a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, oxetane, tetrahydrofuran, pyrrolidine or piperidine, wherein the cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and wherein the pyrrolidine or piperidine is optionally substituted with CH3;18is H or C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OC(O)C1-C4alkyl or morpholine, R8’is H, and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3 and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8is D, R8’is D, and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3 and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3 and oxo, and R8’is H; R10is CF3, CF2H, halo or cyclopropyl; R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, C1-C4alkoxy, CD3, C1-C4haloalkoxy, SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo or CH3, oxo, CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2, (CH2)mP(O)(R17)2, andC1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, CH3, halo, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3 and OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, vi) (CH2)nC(O)R19, wherein n is 0 or 1, R19is OCH3, NR14R15or a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, vii) (CH2)mP(O)(R17)2, viii) C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or phenyl, which heterocycle or phenyl is optionally substituted by CH3, ix) CN, or x) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, C1-C4alkyl, (CH2)mP(O)(R17)2, COOH and NR14R15, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; and R14and R15are independently H or CH3; each R17is independently C1-C4alkyl; and m is 0 or 1; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0008] In a second aspect, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, or excipient.

[0009] In a third aspect, there is provided a method of treating type II diabetes mellitus in a patient comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound Formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0010] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a method of treating obesity in a patient comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0011] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a compound of Formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in therapy.

[0012] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a compound of Formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus.

[0013] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a compound Formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating obesity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] In an embodiment of Formula IX, there is a provided a compound of Formula IXa: 8'Formula IXa. O S

[0015] In an embodiment of Formula, wherein R18is H or C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OC(O)C1-C4alkyl or morpholine, R8’is H, and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8is D, R8’is D, and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3and oxo, and R8’is H; R10is CF3, CF2H, halo or cyclopropyl; R11is:i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, C1-C4alkoxy, CD3, C1-C4haloalkoxy, SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo or CH3, oxo, (CH2)mP(O)(R17)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, CH3, halo, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3and OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, vi) (CH2)nC(O)R19, wherein n is 0 or 1, R19is OCH3, NR14R15or a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, vii) (CH2)mP(O)(R17)2, viii) C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or phenyl, which heterocycle or phenyl is optionally substituted by CH3, ix) CN, or x) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, C1-C4alkyl, (CH2)mP(O)(R17)2, COOH and NR14R15, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH.

[0016] In an embodiment, the compound of the present invention is a prodrug. In a particular embodiment, the prodrug is a dihydrogen phosphate (OP(O)(OH)2) prodrug. Dihydrogen phosphate prodrugs may be formed from any aliphatic alcohol substituent. Alternatively, the dihydrogen phosphate prodrug group may be present on, for example, a 6-oxapyridazine ring.

[0017] In an embodiment of Formula IX, R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is substituted with R10and R11, and R11is a 5- or 6- membered heterocycle substituted with CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2and optionally further substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, C1-C4alkoxy, CD3, C1-C4haloalkoxy, SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo or CH3, oxo, (CH2)mP(O)(R17)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo.

[0018] In a particular embodiment, R11is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 6-oxapyridazine, pyridine and pyrimidine, wherein the heteroaryl is substituted with CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2.

[0019] In an embodiment, there is provided a compound of Formula V:8

[0020] In an embodiment of Formula V, there is provided a compound wherein: R1is: i) an 8-, 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, iii) OH, or iv) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, C1-C4alkyl, oxo and CN; R12is NHR13, pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl, wherein the pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is C1-C4alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; A is phenyl, a 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, heteroaryl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from halo, CF3, CHF2, CH3,cyclopropyl or CN, or when R1is an optionally substituted 8-, 9- or 10-membered N- containing bicyclic heterocycle A may be absent; R2is H, CH3, halo, CF3 or CHF2;R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 8- or 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with halo, or ii) a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with CH3, CD3, CHF2 or OH; X is O or S; R6and R7are each CH3or together form a cyclopropyl; R8is H, CH3, CO2H or C(O)OCH3 and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3and oxo; R10is CF3, CF2H or halo; R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, OCH3, CD3, OCHF2, SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2, andC1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, CH3, halo, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3 and OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, vi) C(O)OCH3, or vii) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; and R14and R15are independently H or CH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0021] In an embodiment of Formula V, there is a provided a compound of Formula Va: 8Formula Va.

[0022] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R8is H, CH3, CO2H or C(O)OCH3and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3and oxo; R10is CF3, CF2H or halo; s: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from:halo, OH, OCH3, CD3, OCHF2, SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, CH3, halo, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3 and OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, vi) C(O)OCH3, or viii) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH.

[0023] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R9is a 5- or 6-membered N- containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is substituted with R10and R11, and R11is a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle substituted with CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2and optionally further substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, OCH3, CD3, OCHF2,SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo.

[0024] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3. In an alternate embodiment of any of the above formulae, R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-.

[0025] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R2is H or CH3.

[0026] In an embodiment of Formula IX, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NR16COR12, or iii) a 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, oxo, OCH3, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OH; wherein R12is NHR13, OCH3or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, and R16is H or CH3.

[0027] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R1is:i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, or iii) a 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, C1-C4alkyl and oxo; wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0028] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, or iii) a 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with C(O)CH3; wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0029] In an embodiment of Formula IX, A is phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: F, Cl, CF3,CHF2, CH3, cyclopropyl and OH, or when R1is an optionally substituted 8-, 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle A may be absent.

[0030] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, A is phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with a substituent selected from: F, Cl, CF3, CHF2 and CH3, or when R1is an optionally substituted 8-, 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle A may be absent.

[0031] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, A is phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with a substituent selected from: F, Cl, CF3, CHF2 and CH3.

[0032] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R5is: i) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle, or ii) a 5-membered N-containing heteroaryl substituted with CH3, CD3 or CHF2.

[0033] In an embodiment of Formula IX, R6and R7are each CH3, or together form a cyclopropyl.

[0034] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R8is H. In an embodiment of Formula IX, R8and R8’are H.

[0035] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11.

[0036] In an embodiment of Formula IX, R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, CD3, C1-C4haloalkoxy,CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4 alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 2 substituents independently selected from CH3, halo, oxo and C(O)O(CH3)3, iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, v) C(O)OCH3, vi) P(O)(CH3)2, or vii) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, P(O)(CH3)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; R14and R15are independently H or CH3.

[0037] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, CD3, OCHF2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl,C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4 alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 2 substituents independently selected from CH3,halo, oxo and C(O)O(CH3)3, iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, v) C(O)OCH3, or vi) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; R14and R15are independently H or CH3.

[0038] In an embodiment of any of the above formulae, R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, CD3, OCHF2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, andC1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4 alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 2 substituents independently selected from CH3, halo, oxo and C(O)O(CH3)3, iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, v) C(O)OCH3, or vi) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; R14and R15are independently H or CH3.

[0039] In an embodiment, there is provided a compound of Formula VI: 7Formula VI wherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, and-1 C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NR16COR12, or iii) a 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, oxo, OCH3, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OH; R12is NHR13, OCH3or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R16is H or CH3; A is phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: F, Cl, CF3,CHF2, CH3, cyclopropyl and OH, or when R1is an optionally substituted 8-, 9- or 10-membered N- containing bicyclic heterocycle A may be absent; R2is H or CH3; R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle, or ii) a 5-membered N-containing heteroaryl substituted with CH3, CD3or CHF2; X is O or S; R6and R7are each CH3or together form a cyclopropyl; R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; R10is CF3, CF2H or F; R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo,OH, CD3, C1-C4haloalkoxy, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4 alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 2 substituents independently selected from CH3, halo, oxo and C(O)O(CH3)3, iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, v) C(O)OCH3, vi) P(O)(CH3)2, or vii) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, P(O)(CH3)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; and R14and R15are independently H or CH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0040] In an embodiment, there is provided a compound of Formula VI wherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy,C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, or iii) a 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, C1-C4alkyl and oxo; R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; A is phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with a substituent selected from: F, Cl, CF3, CHF2and CH3, or when R1is an optionally substituted 8-, 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle A may be absent; R2is H or CH3; R3is H and R4is H, CH3or CD3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle, or ii) a 5-membered N-containing heteroaryl substituted with CH3, CD3or CHF2; X is O or S; R6and R7are each CH3or together form a cyclopropyl; R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; R10is CF3, CF2H or F; R11is:i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, CD3, OCHF2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4 alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 2 substituents independently selected from CH3, halo, oxo and C(O)O(CH3)3, iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, v) C(O)OCH3, or vi) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; and R14and R15are independently H or CH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0041] In an embodiment of Formula VI, there is a provided a compound of Formula VIa: 7Formula VIa

[0042] In an embodiment of Formula VI, R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3. In an alternate embodiment of Formula VI, R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-.

[0043] In an embodiment, there is a provided a compound of Formula VII: 7Formula VII wherein R1, A, R2, R4, R5, X, R6, R7and R9are as defined in any of the above formulae.

[0044] In an embodiment of Formula VII, there is a provided a compound of Formula VIIa: 7Formula VIIa.

[0045] In a further embodiment of Formula VII, there is a provided a compound of Formula VIIb: 7Formula VIIb.

[0046] In an embodiment, there is a provided a compound of Formula VIII: 7Formula VIII wherein R1, A, R5, X, R6, R7and R9are as defined in any of the above formulae.

[0047] In an embodiment of Formula VIII, there is a provided a compound of Formula VIIIa: 7Formula VIIIa.

[0048] In an alternate embodiment, there is provided a compound of Formula I: 8Formula I wherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3 or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, or iii) OH; R12is NHR13, pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl, wherein the pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is C1-C4alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; A is phenyl, a 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, heteroaryl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: halo, CF3, CHF2, CH3 and cyclopropyl;R2is H, CH3, halo, CF3 or CHF2; R3is H and R4is H or CH3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 8- or 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with halo, or ii) a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with CH3, CHF2 or OH; R6and R7are each CH3or together form a cyclopropyl; R8is H, CH3, CO2H or C(O)OCH3and R9is: phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3 and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3and oxo; R10is CF3, CF2H or halo; R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, OCH3, SO2NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, a 4- to 6- membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with CN, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3 or OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl,v) halo, or vi) C(O)OCH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0049] In an embodiment of Formula I, there is a provided a compound of Formula Ia: 8Formula Ia.

[0050] In an embodiment of Formula I, R6and R7are each CH3.

[0051] In an embodiment of Formula I, R3is H and R4is H or CH3. In an alternate embodiment of Formula I, R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-.

[0052] In an embodiment of Formula I, R2is H or CH3.

[0053] In an embodiment of Formula I, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, or ii) NHCOR12, wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0054] In an embodiment of Formula I, A is phenyl, pyridyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with a substituent selected from: F, CF3and CH3.

[0055] In an embodiment of Formula I, R5is: i) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle, or ii) a 5-membered N-containing heteroaryl substituted with CH3or CHF2.

[0056] In an embodiment of Formula I, R8is H.

[0057] In an embodiment of Formula I, R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11.

[0058] In an embodiment of Formula I, R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: halo, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, oxo or C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, a 4- to 6 -membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo or C(O)O(CH3)3, iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, or v) C(O)OCH3.

[0059] In a further alternate embodiment, there is a provided a compound of Formula II: 9i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, or ii) NHCOR12, wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo;A is phenyl, pyridyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with a substituent selected from: F, CF3 and CH3; R2is H or CH3; R3is H and R4is H or CH3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle, or ii) a 5-membered N-containing heteroaryl substituted with CH3or CHF2; R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: halo, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4 alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, a 4- to 6- membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo or C(O)O(CH3)3, iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, or v) C(O)OCH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0060] In an embodiment of Formula II, there is a provided a compound of Formula IIa: 9Formula IIa

[0061] In an embodiment of Formula II, R3is H and R4is H or CH3. In an alternate embodiment of Formula II, R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-.

[0062] In a further alternate embodiment, there is a provided a compound of Formula III: 9Formula III wherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, or ii) NHCOR12, wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; A is phenyl, pyridyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with a substituent selected from: F, CF3 and CH3; R4is H or CH3; R5is: i) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle, or ii) a 5-membered N-containing heteroaryl substituted with CH3 or CHF2; R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is:i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: halo, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, a 4- to 6- membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo or C(O)O(CH3)3, iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, or v) C(O)OCH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0063] In an embodiment of Formula III, there is a provided a compound of Formula IIIa: 9Formula IIIa

[0064] In a further embodiment of Formula III, there is a provided a compound of Formula 9Formula IIIb

[0065] In a further alternate embodiment, there is a provided a compound of Formula IV: 9Formula IVwherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, or ii) NHCOR12, wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; A is phenyl, pyridyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with a substituent selected from: F, CF3 and CH3; R5is: i) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle, or ii) a 5-membered N-containing heteroaryl substituted with CH3 or CHF2; R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: halo, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4 alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, a 4- to 6- membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo or C(O)O(CH3)3, i) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, or v) C(O)OCH3;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0066] In an embodiment of Formula IV, there is a provided a compound of Formula IVa: 9Formula IVa

[0067] In a further embodiment of Formula IV, there is a provided a compound of Formula IVb: 9Formula IVb

[0068] The embodiments below are embodiments of any or all of the applicable formulae above.

[0069] In an embodiment, X is O.

[0070] In an embodiment, R6and R7are each CH3.

[0071] In an embodiment, R2is H or CH3. Preferably, R2is H.

[0072] In an embodiment, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from: ,optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl,oxo, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NR16COR12, wherein R12is NHR13, OCH3or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R16is H or CH3, or iii) piperazine optionally substituted with C(O)CH3, pyridine optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from OCH3, halo and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OH, or pyrimidine optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from OCH3, CH3 and oxo.

[0073] In an embodiment, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, or iii)optionally substituted with C(O)CH3.

[0074] In an embodiment, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, oriii)optionally substituted with C(O)CH3.

[0075] In an alternate embodiment, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heteroaryl selected from:, optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, or ii) NHCOR12, wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0076] In an embodiment, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: cyclopropyl optionally substituted by CH3, cyclobutyl optionally di-fluoro substituted, azetidinyl substituted with CH3, OCH3, CF3, CHF2, CF2CH3, o, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2OCH3, (CH2)2OH, C(CH3)2OH, CH2-cyclopropyl, CH2-cyclobutyl, CN, fluoro, and chloro, ii) NR16COR12, wherei3, difluoro-substituted cyclohexyl or difluoro-substituted cyclobutyl, and R16is H or CH3, or iii) piperazine substituted with C(O)CH3,pyridine substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from OCH3, F and C(CH3)2OH, or pyrimidine substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from OCH3, CH3and oxo.

[0077] In an embodiment, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: cyclopropyl optionally substituted by CH3, cyclobutyl optionally di-fluoro substituted, azetidinyl substituted with CH3, OCH3, CF3, CHF2, CF2CH3, o, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2OCH3, (CH2)2OH, C(CH3)2OH, CH2-cyclopropyl, CN, fluoro, and chloro, ii) NHCOR12, wherei, difluoro-substituted cyclobutyl or difluoro- substituted cyclobutyl, orC(O)CH3.

[0078] In an embodiment, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: cyclopropyl optionally substituted by CH3, cyclobutyl optionally di-fluoro substituted, azetidinyl substituted with CH3, OCH3, CF3, CHF2, CF2CH3, oxo, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2OCH3, (CH2)2OH, C(CH3)2OH, and CH2-cyclopropyl, ii) NHCOR12, wherei, difluoro-substituted cyclobutyl or difluoro- substituted cyclobutyl, orsubstituted with C(O)CH3.

[0079] In an alternate embodiment, R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heteroaryl selected from:optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: cyclopropyl optionally substituted by CH3, cyclobutyl optionally di-fluoro substituted, CF3, CHF2, CF2CH3, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2OCH3 and CH2-cyclopropyl, or ii) NHCOR12, wherei, difluoro-substituted cyclobutyl or difluoro- substituted cyclobutyl.

[0080] In a further embodiment, R1is selected from:,, , ,, andn alternate embodiment, R1is selected from:,,, a, ,. a a e ae e o e , s seece o :,

[0082] In an embodiment, R1is: a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0083] In an embodiment, R1is: a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy,C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0084] In an alternate embodiment, R1is: a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0085] In an embodiment, R1is: a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0086] In an embodiment, R1is: a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0087] In an alternate embodiment, R1is: a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heteroaryl selected from:, optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0088] In an embodiment, R1is: a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: cyclopropyl optionally substituted by CH3, cyclobutyl optionally di-fluoro substituted, azetidinyl substituted with CH3, OCH3, CF3, CHF2, CF2CH3,oxo, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2OCH3, (CH2)2OH, C(CH3)2OH, CH2-cyclopropyl, CN, fluoro, and chloro.

[0089] In an embodiment, R1is: a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: cyclopropyl optionally substituted by CH3, cyclobutyl optionally di-fluoro substituted, azetidinyl substituted with CH3, OCH3 CF3, CHF2, CF2CH3, oxo, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2OCH3, (CH2)2OH, C(CH3)2OH, and CH2-cyclopropyl.

[0090] In an alternate embodiment, R1is: a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heteroaryl selected from:optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: cyclopropyl optionally substituted by CH3, cyclobutyl optionally di-fluoro substituted, CF3, CHF2, CF2CH3, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2OCH3 and CH2-cyclopropyl.

[0091] In a further embodiment, R1is selected from, , ,d,, :,.

[0093] In a particular embodiment, R1is: NHCOR12, wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo.

[0094] In a further embodiment, R1is: NHCOR12, wherei, difluoro-substituted cyclobutyl or difluoro-substituted cyclobutyl.

[0095] In a further embodiment, R1is selected from:.

[0096] In a further embodiment, A is selected from: b,d Fb , wherein a is the point of attachment to R1and b is the point of attachment to the cyclopropyl, or A is absent. In a further embodiment, A is selected from: b ,f attachment to R1and b is the point of attachment to the cyclopropyl. In a further embodiment, A is selected from: 1and b is the point of attachment to the cyclopropyl. In an alternate embodiment, A is selected from:is the point of attachment to R1and b is the point of attachment to the cyclopropyl.

[0097] In a further embodiment, A is selected from:,f attachment to R1and b is the point of attachment to the cyclopropyl, or A is absent. In a further embodiment, A is selected from:e point of attachment to the cyclopropyl. In a further embodiment, A is selected from: b, ,,, , , b, wherein a is the point of attachment to R1and b is the point of attachment to the cyclopropyl. In an alternate embodiment, A is selected from: bF, wherein a is the point of attachment to R1and b is the point of attachment to the cyclopropyl.CF3b b b b N

[0098] In a specific embodiment, A isa,a F,a Cl ,a , CHF2b b b b N N a ,a, a ora. In a specific embodiment, A is CF3CHF2b b b b b b N N aF,a Cl ,a ,a, a ora. In a specific CF3CHF2b b b b N N embodiment, A isa F, a ,aor a .

[0099] In a further embodiment, R5is: .

[0100] In an embodiment, R8is H.

[0101] In a further embodiment, R9is:r a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from:s:a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: s:a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 10wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from: ,,d, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from: diii) cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, iv) Br, v) C(O)OCH3, vi) P(O)(CH3)2, or 11is selected from the groups set out above. embodiment, R9is:a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from:,,ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:, iii) cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, iv) Br, v) C(O)OCH3, or 11and R11is selected from the groups set out above.

[0104] In a further embodiment, R9is:r a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 10wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from: ,ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:, iii) cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, iv) Br, v) C(O)OCH3, or H vi). In a particular embodimentis selected from the groups set out above.

[0105] In an alternate embodiment, R9is:r a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 10wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from: ,d, ii) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:, iii) cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, iv) Br, or v) C(O)OCH3.

[0106] In a further embodiment, R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 10wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from:ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:iii) cyclopropyl, iv) C(O)OCH3, v) P(O)(CH3)2, ord R11is selected from the groups set out above.

[0107] In a further embodiment, R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 10wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from: ,, ,, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:, iii) cyclopropyl, or viii) C(O)OCH3. In a particular embodimentd R11is selected from the groups set out above.

[0108] In a further embodiment, R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 10wherein R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) , ,ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:, iii) cyclopropyl, or vii) C(O)OCH3. In a particular embodimentis selected from the groups set out above.

[0109] In an alternate embodiment, R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from:wherein R10is CF3or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from: O ,ii) cyclopropyl, or iii) C(O)OCH3. a particular embodiment, R9is: 1wherein R11is 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from: H

[0111] In a particular embodiment, R9is:wherein R11is 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from:. n alternate embodiment, R9is:wherein R11is 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from:.

[0113] In a further embodiment, R9is selected from: ,, ,.

[0114] In a further embodiment, R9is selected from:,

[0115] In a specific embodiment, R9is selected from: ,.

[0116] In a specific embodiment, R9is selected from: ,

[0117] In an alternate specific embodiment, R9is selected from:.

[0118] In a specific embodiment, R9is selected from:.

[0119] In one embodiment, the compound is selected from:; ; ;;F ; F ; ; ;;; F ;; ; ; F;; F ;;; ; F;; F ; F ; ; F;; ; ; F ;;; ; ; ; F;; ;;; ; ;; ;H ; ;; ; ;:;;;; ;;; ; ;;y salt thereof. Numbered Embodiments:1. A compound of formula: 8wherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3 or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, or iii) OH; R12is NHR13, pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl, wherein the pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is C1-C4alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R2 is H, CH3, halo, CF3 or CHF2; R3is H and R4is H or CH3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 8- or 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with halo, or ii) a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with CH3, CHF2or OH; R6and R7are each CH3or together form a cyclopropyl; R8is H, CH3, CO2H or C(O)OCH3 and R9is: phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3, ora 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3 and oxo; R10is CF3, CF2H or halo; R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, OCH3, SO2NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, oxo or C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, a 4- to 6- membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with CN, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3 or OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, or vi) C(O)OCH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 2. The compound according to embodiment 1, wherein R6and R7are each CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 3. The compound according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, wherein R3is H and R4is H or CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 4. The compound according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, wherein R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.5. The compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein R2is H or CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 6. The compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:, optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3 or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, or ii) NHCOR12, wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 7. The compound according to embodiment 6, wherein R1is selected from:,,8. The compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7, wherein A is phenyl, pyridyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with a substituent selected from: F, CF3and CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 9. The compound according to embodiment 8, wherein A is selected from: b, wherein a is the point of attachment to R1and b is the point of attachment to the cyclopropyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 10. The compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein R5is: a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle, or a 5-membered N-containing heteroaryl substituted with CH3 or CHF2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 11. The compound according to embodiment 10, wherein R5is:; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.12. The compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11, wherein R8is H, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 13. The compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, wherein R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 14. The compound according to embodiment 13, wherein R9is:r a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 0, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 15. The compound according to embodiment 14, wherein R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 0, R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: halo, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, oxo or C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle and C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo or C(O)O(CH3)3,iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, or v) C(O)OCH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 16. The compound according to embodiment 15, wherein R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from: , ,ii) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:, iii) cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, iv) Br, or v) C(O)OCH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 17. A compound of formula:8R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, iii) OH, or iv) a 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, C1-C4alkyl and oxo; R12is NHR13, pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl, wherein the pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is C1-C4alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; A is phenyl, a 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, heteroaryl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from halo, CF3, CHF2, CH3and cyclopropyl; R2is H, CH3, halo, CF3 or CHF2; R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is:i) a 8- or 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with halo, or ii) a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with CH3, CD3, CHF2 or OH; X is O or S; R6and R7are each CH3 or together form a cyclopropyl; R8is H, CH3, CO2H or C(O)OCH3and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3 and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3 and oxo; R10is CF3, CF2H or halo; R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, OCH3, CD3, OCHF2, SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo,ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, CH3, halo, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3 and OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, vi) C(O)OCH3, or vii) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; and R14and R15are independently H or CH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 18. A compound of the formula: 8wherein R1is: i) an 8-, 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, andC1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, iii) OH, or iv) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, C1-C4alkyl, oxo and CN; R12is NHR13, pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl, wherein the pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is C1-C4alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; A is phenyl, a 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, heteroaryl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from halo, CF3, CHF2, CH3, cyclopropyl or CN, or when R1is an optionally substituted 8-, 9- or 10-membered N- containing bicyclic heterocycle A may be absent; R2is H, CH3, halo, CF3 or CHF2; R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 8- or 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with halo, or ii) a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with CH3, CD3, CHF2 or OH; X is O or S; R6and R7are each CH3 or together form a cyclopropyl; R8is H, CH3, CO2H or C(O)OCH3and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3 and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3 and oxo; R10is CF3, CF2H or halo;R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, OCH3, CD3, OCHF2, SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, CH3, halo, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3 and OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, vi) C(O)OCH3, or vii) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; and R14and R15are independently H or CH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 19. The compound according to embodiment 17 or embodiment 18, wherein X is O, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.20. The compound according to any one of embodiments 17 to 19, wherein R6and R7are each CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 21. The compound according to any one of embodiments 17 to 20, wherein R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 22. The compound according to any one of embodiments 17 to 20, wherein R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 23. The compound according to any one of embodiments 17 to 22, wherein R2is H or CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 24. The compound according to any one of embodiments 17 to 23, wherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:, optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, wherein R12is NHR13or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, oriii)optionally substituted with C(O)CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 25. The compound according to embodiment 24, wherein R1is selected from:d26. The compound according to any one of embodiments 17 to 25, wherein A is phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with a substituent selected from: F, Cl, CF3, CHF2 and CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 27. The compound according to embodiment 26, wherein A is selected from:1and b is the point of attachment to the cyclopropyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 28. The compound according to any one of embodiments 17 to 27, wherein R5is: i) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle, or ii) a 5-membered N-containing heteroaryl substituted with CH3, CD3or CHF2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 29. The compound according to embodiment 28, wherein R5is:; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 30. The compound according to any one of embodiments 17 to 29, wherein R8is H, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 31. The compound according to any one of embodiments 17 to 30, wherein R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 32. The compound according to embodiment 31, wherein R9is:r a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from:or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 33. The compound according to embodiment 32, wherein R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 0, R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, CD3, OCHF2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 2 substituents independently selected from CH3,halo, oxo and C(O)O(CH3)3, iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, v) C(O)OCH3, orvi) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; R14and R15are independently H or CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 34. The compound according to embodiment 33, wherein R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from: , ,ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:, iii) cyclopropyl, or iv) C(O)OCH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0120] In an embodiment, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient. In a preferred embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for oral administration.

[0121] In an embodiment, there is provided a method for treating type II diabetes mellitus comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In another embodiment, there is provided a method for treating type II diabetes mellitus comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.

[0122] In an embodiment, there is provided a method for treating obesity comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In another embodiment, there is provided a method for treating obesity comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.

[0123] In a further embodiment, there is provided a method for chronic weight management, a method for improving weight management or a method for providing therapeutic weight loss, comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In another embodiment, there is provided a method for chronic weight management, a method for improving weight management or a method for providing therapeutic weight loss comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.

[0124] In a further embodiment, there is provided a method for treating overweight with at least one weight related comorbidity, comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In another embodiment, there is provided a method for treating overweight with at least one weightrelated comorbidity comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient. In a particular embodiment, the weight related comorbidity is selected from cancer, depression, diabetes, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and heart disease.

[0125] In a further embodiment, there is provided a method for treating a disorder selected from: type 1 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis associated with insulin resistance and diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), atherosclerosis, non- alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), diabetic kidney disease, a cognitive disorder, heart failure, high blood pressure, obstructive sleep apnea and bone frailty, comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In another embodiment, there is provided a method for treating a disorder selected from: metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis associated with insulin resistance and diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), diabetic kidney disease, a cognitive disorder, heart failure, high blood pressure, obstructive sleep apnea and bone frailty, comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.

[0126] In an embodiment, there is provided a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in therapy.

[0127] In another embodiment, there is provided a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus.

[0128] In another embodiment, there is provided a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating obesity.

[0129] In a further embodiment, there is provided a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in chronic weight management, improving weight management or providing therapeutic weight loss.

[0130] In a further embodiment, there is provided a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating overweight with at least one weight related comorbidity. In a particular embodiment, the weight related comorbidity is selected from cancer, depression, diabetes, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and heart disease.

[0131] In a further embodiment, there is provided a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating a disorder selected from: type 1 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis associated with insulin resistance and diabetes, CKD, atherosclerosis, NAFLD, NASH, diabetic kidney disease, a cognitive disorder, heart failure, high blood pressure, obstructive sleep apnea and bone frailty.

[0132] In an embodiment, there is provided the use of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus.

[0133] In an embodiment, there is provided the use of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of obesity.

[0134] In a further embodiment, there is provided the use of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for chronic weight management, improving weight management or providing therapeutic weight loss.

[0135] In a further embodiment, there is provided the use of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for treating overweight with at least one weight related comorbidity. In a particular embodiment, the weight related comorbidity is selected from cancer, depression, diabetes, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and heart disease.

[0136] In a further embodiment, there is provided the use of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disorder selected from: type 1 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis associated with insulin resistance and diabetes, CKD,atherosclerosis, NAFLD, NASH, diabetic kidney disease, a cognitive disorder, heart failure, high blood pressure, obstructive sleep apnea and bone frailty.

[0137] In an embodiment, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for treating type II diabetes mellitus comprising an effective amount of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0138] In an embodiment, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for treating obesity comprising an effective amount of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0139] In a further embodiment, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for chronic weight management, improving weight management or providing therapeutic weight loss comprising an effective amount of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0140] In a further embodiment, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for treating overweight with at least one weight related comorbidity comprising an effective amount of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In a particular embodiment, the weight related comorbidity is selected from cancer, depression, diabetes, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and heart disease.

[0141] In a further embodiment, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for treating a disorder selected from: type 1 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis associated with insulin resistance and diabetes, CKD, atherosclerosis, NAFLD, NASH, diabetic kidney disease, a cognitive disorder, heart failure, high blood pressure, obstructive sleep apnea and bone frailty, comprising an effective amount of a compound of any one of the above formulae, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0142] The compounds of any one of the above formulae may be used in simultaneous, separate, or sequential combination with one or more therapeutic agents. Examples of additional therapeutic agents include, but are not limited to, GLP-1 receptor agonist, a glucagon receptor agonist, a dual GLP-1-glucagon receptor agonist, metformin, a thiazolidinedione, a sulfonylurea, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, a growth differentiation factor 15 modulator (“GDF15”), a peptide tyrosine modulator (“PYY”), a modified insulin, an amylin receptor agonist, a dual amylin-calcitonin receptor agonist and a modified urocortin-2 (UCN-2) agonist.

[0143] In a preferred embodiment, the compound of any one of the above formulae is administered orally. In a preferred embodiment, the compound of any one of the above formulae is administered once daily. In another preferred embodiment, the therapeutic use is in a human.

[0144] References to Formula IX should be understood to refer to compounds of Formula IX together with any and all sub-formulae disclosed herein, including Formulae I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX.

[0145] The term “halogen” or “halo” refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.

[0146] The term “C1-Cnalkyl” refers to a straight, or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon containing 1 to n carbon atoms. Examples of a C1-C4alkyl group include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, and tert-butyl.

[0147] The term “C1-Cnhaloalkyl” refers to a C1-Cnalkyl group, as defined herein, which is substituted with one or more halogen. Examples of C1-C4haloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl and pentafluoroethyl.

[0148] The term “C1-Cnalkoxy” refers to a straight, or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon containing 1 to n carbon atoms containing a terminal “O” in the chain, i.e., -O(alkyl). Examples of C1-C4alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy and butoxy.

[0149] The term “C1-Cnhaloalkoxy” refers to a C1-Cnalkoxy group, as defined herein, which is substituted with one or more halogen. Examples of C1-C4haloalkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, difluoromethoxy and 2,2-difluoroethoxy.

[0150] The term “C3-Cncycloalkyl” refers to a monocyclic saturated carbon ring containing between 3 and n carbon atoms.

[0151] The term “heterocycle” refers to an aromatic, saturated or partially saturated ring containing one or more heteroatoms, preferably selected from: N, S and O. An example of a 4- membered heterocycle includes, but is not limited to, oxetane. Examples of 5-membered heterocycles include, but are not limited to, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, thiophene, oxadiazole and thiadiazole. Examples of 6-membered heterocycles include, but are not limited to, pyridine and pyridazine.

[0152] The term “N-containing bicyclic heterocycle” refers to a bicyclic aromatic, saturated or partially saturated ring comprising at least one nitrogen atom and optionally one or more other heteroatoms. An example of an 8-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle includes, but is not limited to, dihydropyrroloimidazole. Examples of 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycles include, but are not limited to, pyrazolopyrimidine, imidazopyrimidine,dihydropyrazolopyrazine, dihydropyrrolotriazine and tetrahydropyrazolopyrazine. Examples of 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycles include, but are not limited to, naphthyridine and pyridopyridazine.

[0153] The term “heteroaryl” refers to a monocyclic aromatic ring containing one or more heteroatoms, preferably selected from: N, S and O. An “N-containing heteroaryl” comprises at least one nitrogen atom but may optionally comprise one or more other heteroatoms. Examples of 5-membered N-containing heteroaryls include, but are not limited to, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, oxadiazole and thiadiazole. Examples of 6-membered N-containing heteroaryls include, but are not limited to, pyridine and pyridazine.

[0154] The compounds of Formula IX provided herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, any or all hydrogens present in the compound, or in a particular group or moiety within the compound, may be replaced by a deuterium or a tritium. Thus, a recitation of alkyl includes deuterated alkyl, where from one to the maximum number of hydrogens present may be replaced by deuterium. For example, ethyl refers to both C2H5 or C2H5 where from 1 to 5 hydrogens are replaced by deuterium, such as in C2DxH5-x. Unless otherwise stated, when an atom is designated specifically as "D" or "deuterium", the atom is understood to have deuterium at an abundance substantially greater than the natural abundance of deuterium, which is 0.015%.

[0155] The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” as used herein refers a salt of a compound of the invention considered to be acceptable for clinical and / or veterinary use. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts and common methodologies for preparing them can be found in “Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection and Use” P. Stahl, et al., 2nd Revised Edition, Wiley-VCH, 2011 and S.M. Berge, et al., "Pharmaceutical Salts", Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1977, 66(1), 1-19.

[0156] A compound herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, includes all stereoisomers of the compound, for example, an enantiomer, a diastereomer (including cis- and trans- geometric isomer), the racemic form of the isomers, and other mixtures. For example, the compound herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may have one or more asymmetric centers.

[0157] The term “therapeutically effective amount” refers to the amount or dose of a compound of Formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which, upon single or multiple dose administration to the patient, provides the desired effect in the patient underdiagnosis or treatment. The attending physician, as one skilled in the art, can readily determine an effective amount by the use of conventional techniques and by observing results obtained under analogous circumstances. Factors considered in the determination of a therapeutically effective amount or dose of a compound include: whether the compound or its salt will be administered; the co-administration of other agents, if used; the size, age, and general health of the patient; the degree of involvement or the severity of the disorder; the response of the individual patient; the mode of administration; the bioavailability characteristics of the preparation administered; the dose regimen selected; and other relevant circumstances.

[0158] As used herein, the terms “treating”, “to treat”, or “treatment”, refers to lowering, reducing, or reversing the progression or severity of an existing symptom, disorder, or condition.

[0159] As used herein, the term “patient” includes mammals. The patient is preferably human.

[0160] The term “overweight with at least one weight related comorbidity” refers to a disease or condition of being overweight and at least one weight related comorbidity. In a particular embodiment, the comorbidity is selected from cancer, depression, diabetes, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and heart disease. In one embodiment, a subject being overweight is defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 to <30.^

[0161] The compounds of Formula IX can be formulated as pharmaceutical compositions administered by any route which makes the compound bioavailable. Preferably, such compositions are for oral administration. Preferably the pharmaceutical compositions are formulated as a tablet, capsule, or a solution. The tablet, capsule, or solution can include a compound of Formula IX in an amount effective for treating a patient in need of treatment. Such pharmaceutical compositions and processes for preparing same are well known in the art (See, e.g., “Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy”, A. Adejare Editor, 23rd Ed., 2020, Elsevier Science).

[0162] The compounds of the present invention, or salts thereof, may be prepared by a variety of procedures known to one of ordinary skill in the art, some of which are illustrated in the schemes, preparations, and examples below. The products of each step in the schemes below can be recovered by conventional methods well known in the art, including extraction, evaporation, precipitation, chromatography, filtration, trituration, and crystallization. In the schemes below, all substituents unless otherwise indicated, are as previously defined. Thereagents and starting materials are readily available to one of ordinary skill in the art. Without limiting the scope of the invention, the following schemes, preparations, and examples are provided to further illustrate the invention. In addition, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that compounds of Formula IX may be prepared by using starting material or intermediate with the corresponding desired stereochemical configuration which can be prepared by one of skill in the art.

[0163] Abbreviations: “aq.” refers to aqueous “BOC” or “Boc” refers to tert-butyloxycarbonyl “n-BuOH” refers to n-butanol “CDCl3” refers to deuterated chloroform “ACN” refers to acetonitrile “DBU” refers to 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene “DCE” refers to dichloroethane “DCM” refers to dichloromethane “DEPBT” refers to diethyl (4-oxobenzo[d][1,2,3]triazin-3(4H)-yl) phosphate “DIEA” refers to N,N-diisopropylethylamine “DMA” refers to N,N-dimethylacetamide “DMAP” refers to N,N-dimethylpyridine-4-amine “DMEA” refers to N,N-dimethylethylamine “DME” refers to 1,2-dimethoxyethane “DMEM” refers to Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium “DMF” refers to N,N-dimethylformamide “DMSO” refers to dimethyl sulfoxide “dppf” refers to 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene “EDCI” refers to 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride “ee” refers to enantiomeric excess “ES-MS” refers to electrospray mass spectrometry “EtOAc” refers to ethyl acetate “EtOH” refers to ethanol “Et2O” refers to diethyl ether “eq” refers to equivalents“FA” refers to formic acid “h” refers to hours “HATU” refers to 1-[Bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate “HEPES” refers to (4- (2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid “HFIP” refers to 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol “1H-NMR” refers to proton nuclear magnetic resonance “Prep-HPLC” refers to preparative high-performance liquid chromatography “HOAc” refers to acetic acid “IPA” refers to isopropanol “IPAm” refers to isopropylamine “KOAc” refers to potassium acetate “LiHMDS” refers to lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide “MeOH” refers to methanol “mPa” refers to millipascal “min” refers to minutes “MTBE” refers to methyl tert-butyl ether “m / z” refers to mass-to-charge ratio “NaHMDS” refers to sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide “NCS” refers to N-chlorosuccinimide “NH4OAc” refers to ammonium acetate “NMP” refers to N-methyl pyrrolidine-2-one “PDA” refers to photodiode array detection “PE” refers petroleum ether “Ph” refers to phenyl “PPh3” refers to triphenylphosphine “ppm” refers to parts per million “Prep” refers to preparation “psi” refers to pounds per square inch “Raney® Ni” refers to Raney® Nickel “RT” refers to room temperature “Rt” refers to retention time“Rf” refers to retention factor “sat.” refers to saturated “SFC” refers to supercritical fluid chromatography “SPE” refers to solid phase extraction “TBAI” refers to tetrabutylammonium iodide “tBu” refers to tert-butyl “TEA” refers to triethylamine “Temp” refers to temperature “TFA” refers to trifluoroacetic acid “THF” refers to tetrahydrofuran “2-MeTHF” refers to 2-methyltetrahydrofuran “wt%” refers to percentage by weight

[0164] Catalyst abbreviations: “(A-taPhos)2PdCl2” refers to Bis(di-tert-butyl(4- dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) (CAS# 887919-35-9) “BrettPhos Pd G3” refers to [(2-Di-cyclohexylphosphino-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′- triisopropyl- 1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2′-amino-1,1′ -biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (CAS#1470372-59-8) “cataCXium® A Pd G3” refers to mesylate[(di(1-adamantyl)-n-butylphosphine)-2-(2'-amino- 1,1'-biphenyl)]palladium(II) (CAS#1651823-59-4) “cataCXium Pd G4” refers to [di(adamantan-1-yl)(butyl)phosphine](methanesulfonato-κO)[2′- (methylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium (CAS# 2230788-67-5) or mesylate[(di(1-adamantyl)-n- butylphosphine)-2-(2'-MeNH-1,1'-biphenyl)]palladium(II) “CPhos Pd G3” refers to methanesulfonato(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-bis(dimethylamino)- 1,1'-biphenyl)(2'-amino-1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)palladium(II) (CAS# 1447963-73-6) “(dtbbpy)NiCl2” refers to [4,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine] nickel (II) dichloride (CAS# 1034901-50-2) “[Ir(dF(CF3)ppy)2(dtbpy)]PF6” refers [4,4′-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine- N1,N1′]bis[3,5-difluoro-2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl-N]phenyl-C]Iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate (CAS# 870987-63-6) “[Ir(OMe)(1,5-cod)]2” refers to (1,5-Cyclooctadiene)(methoxy)iridium(I) dimer (CAS# 12148- 71-9)“Pd(amphos)Cl2” refers to bis(di-tert-butyl (4- dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) (CAS# 887919-35-9) “Pd2(dba)3” refers to tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (CAS# 51364-51-3) “PdCl2(dtbpf)” refers to 1,1'-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ferrocene palladium dichloride (CAS# 95408-45-0) “Pd(PPh3)4” refers to tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (CAS# 14221-01-3) “Pd(dppf)Cl2” or “PdCl2(dppf)” refers to [1,1- bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) (CAS# 72287-26-4) “Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2” or “PdCl2(dppf)·CH2Cl2” refers to [1,1’- bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II), complex with dichloromethane (CAS# 95464-05-4) “Rh-COD-[(R)-MaxPhos]-BF4” refers to [((R)-tert-butylmethylphosphino)(di-tert- butylphosphino)amine](1,5-cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate (CAS# 1263077-53-7) “(Ru(OAc)2[(R)-BINAP]” refers to diacetato[(R)-(+)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)- 1,1′−binaphthyl]ruthenium(II) (CAS# 325146-81-4) “Ru-(R)-Pheox” refers to Ruthenium-tetrakis(acetonitrile)[2-[(4R)-4,5-dihydro-4-phenyl-2- oxazolyl-κN3]phenyl-κC]-hexafluorophosphate (CAS#1421679-43-7) “XantPhos Pd G4” refers to (SP-4-3)-[[5-(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-xanthen-4- yl]diphenylphosphine-κP](methanesulfonato-κO)[2′-(methylamino-κN)[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl-κC]- Palladium (CAS# 1621274-19-8) “XPhos” refers to 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl (CAS# 564483-18-7) “XPhos Pd G3” refers to (2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)[2-(2′- amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II) methanesulfonate (CAS# 1445085-55-1)

[0165] In the following schemes, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R8’, R9, R10, R11, A and Z are as defined in Formula IX.Scheme 1

[0166] Scheme 1 shows the preparation of intermediates 3 and 7, which are useful for the preparation of compounds of the present invention. Imidazole intermediates 1 and 5 are reacted with oxathiazolidine intermediate 4 using a carbonate base such as Cs2CO3in a solvent such as DMA at elevated temperature to give intermediates 2 and 6, respectively. The nitrogen protecting groups (represented as “PG” in the above scheme) of intermediates 2 and 6 are then removed under conditions known to the person skilled in the art, for example Boc- protecting groups can be removed under acidic conditions (e.g. stirring the Boc-protected intermediate in HCl in 1,4-dioxane at RT) to give 3 and 7, respectively. The same steps may also be used to prepare intermediates having a single R10substituent at position 3. Scheme 2

[0167] Scheme 2 shows the preparation of intermediate 13, which is useful for the preparation of compounds of the present invention. Amine 8 is first reacted with 2,4,6- triphenylpyrylium tetrafluoroborate 9 in a suitable solvent such as DCM to give intermediate 10. Nitro intermediate 11 is reacted with an alkoxide base such as sodium methoxide in an alcoholsolvent such as MeOH, and the resulting product is reacted with intermediate 10 in a solvent such as DMSO at elevated temperature to give 12. The nitro group is then reduced under conditions known to the person skilled in the art, for example using a Raney® nickel catalyst and H2to give amine 13. H H

[0168] Scheme 3 shows the preparation of intermediates 17 and 21, which are useful for the preparation of compounds of the present invention. Aryl / heteroaryl halide 14 (where “Z” is a halogen such as bromine) is coupled with trifluoroborate intermediate 15 (where “W” is an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, or tert-butyl) using a palladium catalyst such as cataCXium Pd G4 and a carbonate base such as Cs2CO3in an aqueous solvent mix such as toluene / water at elevated temperature to give 16. Alternatively, vinyl intermediate 18 is reacted with diazo compound 19 (where “W” is an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, or tert-butyl) in the presence of rhodium(II) acetate in a solvent such as THF to give 20. Ester intermediates 16 and 20 are then converted to acids 17 and 21, respectively, under conditions known to the person skilled in the art. For example tert-butyl esters are converted to acids under acidic conditions (e.g. TFA in chlorinated solvent such as DCM), and methyl and ethyl esters are hydrolyzed under aqueous basic conditions (e.g. LiOH in aqueous THF, at RT or at elevated temperature).88'

[0169] Scheme 4 shows the preparation of compounds of the present invention. Alkyl bromide 22 is reacted with tetrahydrothiophene 23 in a solvent such as acetone or ACN, optionally with addition of silver tetrafluoroborate to give 24, followed by reaction with 3- methylenedihydrofuran-2(3H)-one 25 using a base such as lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide in a solvent such as THF to give intermediate 26. Intermediate 26 is reacted with SOCl2, benzyltriethylammonium chloride, and BF3etherate in a solvent such as DCE, then reacted with amine intermediate 27 using an organic base such as TEA in a solvent such as DCM to give intermediate 28. Intermediate 28 is then cyclized to spirocyclic compound of Formula IX using a carbonate base such as Cs2CO3in a solvent such as NMP.H

[0170] Scheme 5 shows the preparation of amino acid derivatives which are useful for the preparation of compounds of the present invention. Alkyl iodide 30 is reacted with aryl / heteroaryl iodide 31 (where “W” is an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, or tert-butyl and “PG” is a protecting group such as Boc or benzyloxycarbonyl) using pyridine-2,6- bis(carboximidamide) dihydrochloride, nickel(II) chloride, and zinc in a solvent such as DMA to give 32. Alternatively, phosphoryl compound 33 (where “W” and “PG” are as described above) undergoes a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction with aldehyde 34 using a base such as DBU in a solvent such as DCM, then the resulting olefin is hydrogenated to give 32. Olefin reduction conditions are known to a person of skill in the art, and can be achieved asymmetrically by hydrogenation with a catalyst such as Rh-COD-[(R)-MaxPhos]-BF4 in a fluorinated alkane solvent (e.g. 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol) at elevated temperature. If orthogonal protecting groups are chosen for “PG” and “W”, protected amino acid 32 can be deprotected under conditions known to a person of skill in the art to either to amine 35 or acid 36. For example, where “W” is methyl or ethyl, aqueous LiOH in a solvent such as TFH converts 32 to acid 36, and where “PG” is Boc 36 could be prepared from 32 under acidic conditions (e.g. using a solution of HCl in 1,4-dioxane). Acid 36 can be converted to N-methyl amino acid 38 by first reacting it with paraformaldehyde using p-toluene sulfonic acid in a solvent such as toluene at elevated temperature to give cyclic compound 37, which is then opened with TFA, HCl (as a solution in 1,4-dioxane), and triethylsilane in DCE to give 38.88'8

[0171] Scheme 6 shows the preparation of compounds of the present invention, which can be prepared from various amine and acid intermediates using amide coupling and deprotection chemistry in a varied order of steps. Reaction conditions used to couple amines with carboxylic acids are known to a person of skill in the art. This can include reacting a mixture of the amine and carboxylic acid with HATU and an organic base such as DIEA in a solvent such as DMF, DMA, or DMSO at temperatures from 0 °C to RT. Reaction conditions used to deprotect Boc or benzyloxycarbonyl protected amines are known to a person of skill in the art, which can include reacting a Boc-protected amine with HCl in 1,4-dioxane or reacting a benzyloxycarbonyl- protected amine with H2 in the presence of palladium on carbon catalyst in an alcohol solvent. Reaction conditions used to convert carboxylic esters to carboxylic acids are also known to those skilled in the art. For example, methyl and ethyl esters can be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids using an aqueous carbonate base at elevated temperature. Amine 39 (where “PG” is a protecting group such as Boc or benzyloxycarbonyl) is coupled with 40 to give 41, which is then deprotected and coupled with 42 to give 44. Alternatively, 41 is reacted with Lawesson’s reagentin an organic solvent such as THF at elevated temperature to give 43, which is then deprotected and coupled with 42 to give 45. 8 8'

[0172] Scheme 7 shows the preparation of compounds of the present invention starting by coupling acid 42 with amine 46, and then the ester is hydrolyzed to give 47. Coupling acid 47 with amine 40 then gives compound 48. Suitable coupling and ester hydrolysis conditions are described in Scheme 6. W

[0173] Scheme 8 shows the preparation of compounds of the present invention starting with intermediate 26, which is reacted with SOCl2, benzyltriethylammonium chloride, and BF3etherate in a solvent such as DCE, then reacted with amine intermediate 49 using an organic base such as TEA in a solvent such as THF and / or DMA to give intermediate 50. Intermediate 50 is then cyclized to spirocyclic compound 51 using a carbonate base such as Cs2CO3in a solvent such as NMP or THF. The ester 51 is hydrolyzed using aq. LiOH in tert-butanol to give 52, which is then coupled with amine 40 under amide coupling conditions known to one skilled inthe art, such as DEPBT and N-methylmorpholine in a solvent such as DMA to give compound 44. Scheme 9

[0174] In Schemes 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8, R1can be introduced onto ring A at various points in the synthetic routes if ring A bears a halogen by metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with coupling partner intermediates bearing R1as defined in Formula IX, or groups which can be converted to R1in subsequent steps. Scheme 9 shows these synthetic steps. For example, if ring A bears a halogen (intermediate 59 where “Z” is a halogen) it can be coupled with boronic acids (e.g. intermediate 58 or analogous boronic ester where R1is a heterocycle as defined in Formula IX) using a palladium catalyst (e.g. Pd(dppf)Cl2) and a carbonate base (e.g. Cs2CO3) in an organic / aqueous solvent mix (e.g.1,4-dioxane / water) to give 60. An alternate approach is to react 59 with bis(pinacolato)diboron using a palladium catalyst such as Pd(dppf)Cl2and a base such as KOAc in a solvent such as 1,4-dioxane at elevated temperature to give boronate intermediate 61. Intermediate 61 can then be coupled with 62 (where “Z” is a halogen) under palladium coupling conditions (e.g. conditions described for the coupling of 58 and 59).

[0175] Alternatively, tert-butyl carbamate 57 can be coupled with 59 using a palladium catalyst such as Pd2(dba)3 with XPhos, and carbonate base (e.g. Cs2CO3) in an organic solvent such as 1,4-dioxane at elevated temperature to give 53. Boc deprotection using conditionsdescribed above (e.g. HCl in MeOH) gives an -NH2 group on ring A (intermediate 54), which can then be reacted with an isocyanate (e.g. intermediate 55) in the presence of an organic base (e.g. TEA) in a solvent such as DCM to give 56. Scheme 10 101

[0176] Scheme 10 shows the introduction of R11(where R11is an aromatic ring as defined in Formula IX) onto pyrazole 63, where “Z” is a halogen and 63 represents a compound also represented in Scheme 1, 4, 6, 7, or 8. Compound 63 can be coupled with boronic acid 64 (or an analogous boronic ester) using a palladium catalyst such as Pd(dppf)Cl2and a carbonate base such as Cs2CO3in an organic / aqueous solvent such as 1,4-dioxane and water at elevated temperature to give compound 65. Alternatively, halide 63 is reacted with tetrahydroxydiboron, XPhos Pd G3, and KOAc in MeOH and DCE to give boronic acid 66, which is then coupled with 67 (where “Z” is a halogen) using a palladium catalyst such as Pd(dtbpf)Cl2or XPhos Pd G3, and a carbonate base such as Na2CO3 or K2CO3 in an organic / aqueous solvent mix such as 1,4- dioxane / water or 1,4-dioxane / ethanol / water at elevated temperature to give compound 65.Ffrom Formula IX 6-membered heterocycle

[0177] In Schemes 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8, 6-membered heterocycles can be introduced as R1onto ring A at various points in the synthetic routes if ring A is a 2-chloro-substituted pyridine. Scheme 11 shows 2-chloropyridine analog 68 undergoing a SNAr reaction with 6-membered heterocycle 69 in an organic solvent such as DMSO at elevated temperature to give compound 70. Scheme 12 H

[0178] Scheme 12 shows the introduction of a methyl-dihydrogenphosphate group onto a R11group (as defined in Formula IX) comprising a 6-oxopyridazine ring. The 6-oxopyridazine compound 71 is reacted with di-tert-butyl(chloromethyl)phosphate using lithium tert-butoxide and sodium iodide in a solvent such as THF to give 72, which is then reacted with TFA in a solvent such as DCM to give 73.Scheme 13

[0179] Compounds of the present invention bearing an aliphatic alcohol substituent can be converted to dihydrogen phosphates (-OP(O)(OH)2) as shown in Scheme 13. Alcohol 74 is reacted with diallyl-N,N-diisopropylphosphoramidite using tetrazole in a solvent such as ACN at 0 °C and the mixture is treated with aq. H2O2or anhydrous tert-butyl hydroperoxide to give diallyl phosphate 75, which is then converted to phosphate 76 using phenylsilane and Pd(PPh3)4 in a solvent such as DCM at 0 °C. Preparation 1 1-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one F F

[0180] A mixture of 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole (1.0 g, 4.7 mmol), pyridin- 2(1H)-one (0.44 g, 4.7 mmol), K2CO3(1.3 g, 9.3 mmol), copper(I)iodide (0.44 g, 2.3 mmol), (1S,2S)-N1,N2-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine (0.33 g, 2.3 mmol) was purged with N2.1,4- Dioxane (10 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 100 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated, and the residue was purified by reversed phase flash chromatography using a gradient of 20-100% ACN / 10 mM aq. NH4HCO3, pH=10 (with 5% MeOH) to obtain the title compound (0.21 g, 20%) as a dark green solid. ES-MS m / z 230 (M+H). Preparations 2 and 3 1-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazoleand 2-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole N

[0181] A mixture of 2H-1,2,3-triazole (193 mg, 2.79 mmol), copper(I) iodide (111mg, 0.582 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (1.36 g, 4.19 mmol) was purged with argon.1,4-dioxane (9.304 mL), N,N'- dimethylethylenediamine (150 μL, 1.40 mmol) and 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole (500 mg, 2.33 mmol) were added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 2 min at RT. After stirring at 120 °C for 4 days in a sealed 20 mL vial, most of the solvent evaporated to give a paste. MeOH (15 mL) was added, and the mixture was filtered. The collected residue was washed with MeOH (3 × 15 mL). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reversed phase flash chromatography using a gradient of 0-35% ACN / 10mM aq. NH4HCO3, pH=10 (with 5% MeOH) over 15 min to obtain the first eluting isomer, 1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole (51.3 mg, 11%), as a pale yellow solid. ES-MS (m / z) 204.0 (M+H). The second eluting isomer, 2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-5-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole (99.2 mg, 21%), was also obtained as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 204 (M+H). Preparation 4 tert-Butyl (1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0182] A mixture of 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole (4.11 g, 19.1 mmol), tert-butyl 4,4-dimethyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (4.00 g, 15.9 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (10.4 g, 31.8 mmol) was purged with N2. DMA (32 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 95 °C for 6 h. The reaction mixture was cooled and poured into water (350 mL) and EtOAc (75 mL). The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (4 × 40 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (40 mL) then sat. aq. NaCl (50 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-10% MTBE in heptane to obtain the second eluting isomer as the title compound (4.11 g, 67%). ES-MS m / z 330,332 (M-tBu+H). Preparation 5 Methyl 1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-5- carboxylate F

[0183] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 4 using methyl 5- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate (stirring at 90 °C for 30 min) and isolated as the first eluting isomer (major regioisomer) when purified by silica gel chromatography with 0-15% MTBE in heptane. ES-MS m / z 310 (M-tBu+H). Preparation 6 tert-Butyl (2-methyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0184] A mixture of tert-butyl 4,4-dimethyl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (30.0 g, 119 mmol), 4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole (24.4 g, 179 mmol) and Cs2CO3(77.8 g, 239 mmol) in DMA (199 mL) was stirred at 90 °C overnight with vigorous stirring. The mixture was cooled to RT. Water (100 mL) and EtOAc (100 mL) were added, followed by dropwise addition of 1M aq. HCl (298 mL, 298 mmol). The layers were separated, and the aq. layer (approximately pH 2-3) was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 150 mL). The organic layers werecombined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-25% MTBE in cyclohexane to obtain the title compound (26.8 g, 73%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 252 (M-tBu+H).

[0185] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 1 using the appropriate pyrazole. Reactants can be added in different orders or in differing equivalency, and purification methods were adjusted to suit the compounds. Such variances would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 1 )a: first eluting isomer (silica, gradient 0 to 20% MTBE / heptane), major regioisomer b: second eluting isomer (silica, gradient 0 to 50% MTBE / heptane) c: second eluting isomer (silica, gradient 0 to 35% MTBE / CHX), minor regioisomerd: ~1:4 mixture of regioisomers by high pH LCMS, favoring the title compound after purification (silica, gradient 0 to 30% MTBE / heptane) Preparation 11 1-(2-((tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-5- carboxylic acid F

[0186] A mixture of methyl 1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate (221 mg, 603 μmol), THF (3 mL) and 2M aq. LiOH·H2O (1.81 mL, 3.62 mmol) was stirred at 50 °C overnight in a sealed 20 mL vial. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and treated with 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (905 μL, 3.62 mmol). After stirring for 5 min, the mixture was concentrated under a stream of N2to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 350 m / z (M-H). Preparation 12 tert-Butyl (1-(5-carbamoyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0187] A mixture of 1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid (300 mg, 854 μmol), 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol- 1-ol, ammonia salt (195 mg, 1.28 mmol), EDCI (246 mg, 1.28 mmol), THF (4.3 mL) and DIEA (0.44 mL, 2.56 mmol) was stirred at RT for 5 days in sealed 40 mL vial. The reaction mixture was treated with additional 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-ol, ammonia salt (195 mg, 1.28 mmol), EDCI (246 mg, 1.28 mmol), DIEA (0.44 mL, 2.56 mmol) and THF (4.3 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred vigorously at RT for 2 days. The mixture was diluted with water (15 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2 × 20 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (15 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain aquantitative yield of the title compound as a pale pinkish-orange gel. ES-MS (m / z) 251.2 (M- BOC+H). Preparation 13 tert-Butyl (1-(5-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)carbamate F

[0188] A mixture of tert-butyl (1-(5-carbamoyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (299 mg, 854 μmol) in dry toluene (4.3 mL) was treated with 1,1- dimethoxy-N,N-dimethyl-methanamine (341 μL, 2.56 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 1 h in a sealed 20 mL vial then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of tert-butyl (1-(5-(((dimethylamino)methylene)carbamoyl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate as a yellow gel. ES / MS (m / z) 406.2 m / z (M+H). HOAc (3.4 mL, 58 mmol) and hydrazine·H2O (208 μL, 4.27 mmol) were added, and the mixture was stirred at RT for 30 min. The resulting pale-yellow solution was concentrated under steam of N2. The residue was partitioned between EtOAc (15 mL) and sat. aq. NaHCO3 (10 mL), and the aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 × 15 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as a pale-yellow gel. ES-MS m / z 319.2 (M-tBu+H). Preparation 14 tert-Butyl (1-(5-(2-(methoxymethyl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1- yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamateF

[0189] A mixture of tert-butyl (1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (1.50 g, 3.88 mmol), 2-(methoxymethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- 1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole (1.39 g, 5.83 mmol), and K3PO4 (2.47 g, 11.7 mmol) in DME (15.5 mL) was sparged with argon for 5 min. Pd(PPh3)4 (898 mg, 777 μmol) was added, and argon degassing was continued for 3 min. The resulting mixture was stirred at 95 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and partitioned between water (30 mL) and EtOAc (50 mL). The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 × 50 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (15 mL) then sat. aq. NaCl (15 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered through a pad of diatomaceous earth, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-30% (3:1 EtOAc: EtOH) in heptane to obtain the title compound (0.914 g, 55%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 363.0 (M-tBu+H). Preparation 15 tert-Butyl (2-methyl-1-(5-(1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0190] A mixture of 1-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2(1H)- one (3.04 g, 12.9 mmol), tert-butyl (1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (5.00 g, 12.9 mmol), Cs2CO3 (8.44 g, 25.9 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl2 (947 mg, 1.29 mmol), 1,4-dioxane (78.5 mL) and water (7.85 mL) was sparged with N2for 5min. The resulting mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 1h. Another portion of 1-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one (1.3 g, 5.53 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with DCM, and washed with water. The organic phase was dried over MgSO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 30- 100% EtOAc in cyclohexane. Crystallization from 20% EtOAc: 80% cyclohexane, followed by vacuum filtration gave the title compound (2.77 g, 52%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 359.0 (M- tBu+H).

[0191] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 15 using the appropriate commercially available boron ester or boronic acid. Varying reaction temperatures, bases and purification techniques can be used, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 2a: used 3 eq cyclopropylboronic acid and K2CO3, heated at 90 °C, extracted with EtOAc.b: used K2CO3 (3 eq), heated at 95 °C, extracted with 1:1 EtOAc: toluene (no further purification). Preparation 18a tert-Butyl (1-(5-cyclobutyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0192] A solution of tert-butyl (1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (97 mg, 0.25 mmol), [4,4′-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine- N1,N1′]bis[3,5-difluoro-2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl-N]phenyl-C]Iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate or [Ir(dF(CF3)ppy)2(dtbpy)]PF6(CAS# 870987-63-6, 2.8 mg, 2.5 μmol), [4,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine] nickel (II) dichloride, or (dtbbpy)NiCl2 (CAS# 1034901-50-2, 5.0 mg, 13 μmol) and tris(trimethylsilyl)silane (78 μL, 0.25 mmol) in DME was sparged with N2for 5 min.2,6-lutidine (0.15 mL, 1.3 mmol) and bromocyclobutane (50 mg, 0.37 mmol) were added, and the resulting mixture was irradiated with λ465 nm light in a photochemical reactor overnight. The reaction mixture was passed through a syringe filter and purified by reversed phase prep-HPLC (Kinetex® EVO C18, 30 × 100 mm, 5μm, 85 mL / min) using a gradient of 50-86% ACN in 10mM aq. NH4HCO3, pH=10 (with 5% MeOH) over 6 min to obtain the title compound (20 mg, 22 %) as a yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 362.0 (M+H). Preparation 19 (1-(2-((tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5- yl)boronic acid H

[0193] In a glovebox, a solution of tert-butyl (1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1- yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (1.0 g, 2.5 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL) was treated withtetrahydroxydiboron (1.1 g, 13 mmol), a solution of XPhos Pd G3 (CAS# 1445085-55-1, 0.22 g, 0.25 mmol) in DCE (3 mL), and KOAc (1.0 g, 10 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 16 h under N2. The reaction was repeated on the same scale, and the reaction solutions were combined, adjusted pH to 6 with FA and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-4% (0.1% FA / MeOH) in DCM to obtain the title compound (1.45 g, 80%) as a brown-oil. ES-MS m / z 352.3 (M+H). Preparation 20 tert-Butyl (2-methyl-1-(5-(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1- yl)propan-2-yl)carbamate

[0194] To a solution (1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (500 mg, 1.40 mmol), 5-bromo-2-methyl-1H- imidazole (562 mg, 3.49 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) and water (2 mL) was added K2CO3 (579 mg, 4.19 mmol) and 1,1'-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ferrocene palladium dichloride or PdCl2(dtbpf) (CAS# 95408-45-0, 182 mg, 279 μmol) at RT. The resulting mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 h under N2, then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-60% EtOAc in PE to obtain the title compound (140 mg, 21%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 388.7 (M+H). Preparation 21 tert-Butyl (1-(5-(5-methoxy-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate

[0195] A solution of 2-bromo-5-methoxy-1,3,4-thiadiazole (526 mg, 2.56 mmol), (1-(2- ((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (1.00 g, 2.56 mmol, ~90% purity) and Na2CO3(543 mg, 5.13 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL), EtOH (10 mL) and water (1 mL) was treated with XPhos Pd G3 (CAS# 1445085-55-1, 325 mg, 384 μmol). After stirring at 90 °C for 2 h under N2, the reaction mixture was cooled and diluted with water (20 mL). The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 30 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (3 × 15 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-40% EtOAc in PE to obtain the title compound (170 mg, 14%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 422.0 (M+H). Preparation 22 1-(5-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-amine hydrochloride F

[0196] A solution of tert-butyl (1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (5.00 g, 12.9 mmol) in MeOH (12.9 mL) was treated with 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (12.9 mL, 51.8 mmol). After stirring for 2 h at RT, the mixture was concentrated to obtain the title compound (4.145 g, 99%) as a white solid. ES-MS (m / z,79Br / 81Br) 286.0 / 288.0 (M+H).

[0197] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 22 from the appropriate tert-butyl carbamate. Varying reaction times (2-43 h), eq of HCl 4-18 eq), and co-solvents (MeOH, EtOH, EtOAc, 1,4-dioxane) can be used, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 3) ) ) ) ) ) )) ) ) ) )b. 16 h reaction time c. EtOAc as co-solvent, 12 eq HCl; d. EtOH was used as co-solvent, 2.5 h reaction time, used 18 eq HCl was used, giving a ~1:4 mixture of regioisomers favoring the title compound e. EtOAc was used as co-solvent, 5 h reaction time, 10 eq HCl was used f. 6 h reaction time, 10 eq HCl was used, the product was triturated with DCM / ether to give a solid g. EtOAc was used as co-solvent, used 12 eq HCl, 43 h reaction time h. Used 10 eq HCli. Used 1,4-dioxane as solvent, 16 h reaction time Preparation 35 3-(1-(2-Amino-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one hydrochloride F

[0198] A solution of tert-butyl (1-(5-(2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (132.2 mg, 239.2 μmol, ~75% purity) in DCM (957 μL) was treated with 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (179 μL, 718 μmol). After stirring at RT overnight, another portion of 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (897 μL, 3.59 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 3 days. HBr in HOAc (33 wt.% in HOAc, 130.0 μL, 718 μmol) was added, and stirring was continued at 50 °C for 24 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under a stream of N2 to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound (143.1 mg, ~55% purity) as a brown solid. ES-MS m / z 301.2 (M+H). Preparation 36 (6-(1-(2-Amino-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one hydrochloride F

[0199] The title compound was prepared in a manner similar as described in Preparation 35 using tert-butyl (1-(5-(6-methoxypyridin-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate. ES-MS m / z 301.2 (M+H).Preparation 37 1-((5-Fluoropyridin-2-yl)methyl)-2,4,6-triphenylpyridin-1-ium tetrafluoroborate F

[0200] (5-Fluoropyridin-2-yl)methanamine (4.99 g, 39.5 mmol) was added to a mixture of 2,4,6-triphenylpyrylium tetrafluoroborate (14.5 g, 36.6 mmol) in DCM (100 mL) at RT, and the resulting mixture was stirred overnight before concentrating to a foam. The foam was triturated with Et2O, and the solvent was decanted off (repeated). The remaining residue was dried overnight under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound as a yellow foam, which was used directly in the next step assuming quantitative yield. ES-MS m / z 417.0 (M+). Preparation 38 5-Fluoro-2-(2-methyl-2-nitropropyl)pyridine F

[0201] 2-Nitropropane (12.9 mL, 144 mmol) was added over 10 min to an ice-water bath cooled solution of sodium methoxide (5.4 molar solution in MeOH, 22.2 mL, 120 mmol) in MeOH (240 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred for 30 min at RT and then concentrated to give a white solid that was dried under reduced pressure overnight. To the white solid was added 1-((5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)methyl)-2,4,6-triphenylpyridin-1-ium tetrafluoroborate (19 g, 38 mmol) and DMSO (50 mL) in a 250 mL, three-neck flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer under N2. The resulting mixture was stirred at 70 °C for 2 h. The mixture was cooled to RT and then diluted with Et2O (200 mL) to give a precipitate. The solids were removed by filtration through diatomaceous earth, rinsing with Et2O. The filtrate (800 mL) was washed with water (200 mL). The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with ether (3 × 50 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl, dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated.The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 5-100% EtOAc in DCM to obtain the title compound (5.63 g, 75%) as a yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 198.8 (M+H). Preparation 39 1-(5-Fluoropyridin-2-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-amine hydrochloride F

[0202] A solution of 5-fluoro-2-(2-methyl-2-nitropropyl)pyridine (4.62 g, 23.3 mmol) in MeOH (100 mL) was added to a mixture of Raney® Ni (19.28 g, 328.5 mmol) in MeOH (100 mL) in a pressure vessel under a stream of N2. The vessel was sealed, purged with N25 times, purged with H25 times, and pressurized with H2 to 0.41 MPa. After shaking at RT for 5 h, the suspension was filtered over diatomaceous earth, and the solids were rinsed with MeOH to give a clear, light-yellow filtrate, which was combined with the filtrate from a second reaction ran on 996 mg of 5-fluoro-2-(2-methyl-2-nitropropyl)pyridine. The combined filtrate was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in ether (200 mL) and filtered through fluted filter paper to remove solids. The filtrate was concentrated to give 1-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-amine (4.19 g) as a light orange oil. ES / MS m / z 169.0 (M+H). The oil was dissolved in ether (200 mL) and treated with 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (7.0 mL, 28 mmol) to give a precipitate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound (6.55 g) as a fluffy, yellow, hygroscopic solid. ES-MS m / z 268.8 (M+H). Preparation 40 Methyl (Z)-2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)acrylate

[0203] To a cooled mixture of 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (300 g, 2.72 mol) and methyl 2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-2-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)acetate (966 g, 2.92 mol) in DCM (1.5 L) was added DBU (435 mL, 2.89 mol) in one portion at 0-5 °C under N2. Warmed to15-20 °C and stirred for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (2 L) and extracted with DCM (2 × 0.5 L). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated by stirring with MTBE (3 L) for 1 h, before filtering to collect the solids. The reaction was repeated ten times. Combination of the collected material from all eleven reactions gave the title compound (7.00 kg, 74%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 316.1 (M+H).

[0204] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 40 using the appropriate phosphonate and aldehyde. Various methods can be used to purify the compounds, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 4a. The product was purified by trituration with ACN Preparation 42 Methyl 2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate, enantiomerically enriched with the (R)-enantiomer (~3:1) N

[0205] To a solution of methyl (Z)-2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)acrylate (700 g, 2.22 mol) in MeOH (7 L) was added diacetato[(R)-(+)-2,2′- bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′−binaphthyl]ruthenium(II) (Ru(OAc)2[(R)-binap], CAS# 325146-81- 4), 46.8 g, 55.5 mmol) and HOAc (127 mL, 2.22 mol) under Ar. The resulting mixture wasdegassed under reduced pressure and purged with H2 several times. After stirring under H2 (3.00 MPa) at 60 °C for 16 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The reaction was repeated nine times on the same scale. The residues from all ten reactions were combined to obtain the title compound (6.80 kg, 97%) as a yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 318.1 (M+H). Preparation 43 (R)-2-(((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoic acid

[0206] A 0 °C solution of methyl 2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol- 4-yl)propanoate, enantiomerically enriched with the (R)-enantiomer (3.40 kg, 10.7 mol) in MeOH (10.2 L) was treated with a mixture of LiOH·H2O (1.80 kg, 42.9 mol) and H2O (13.6 L). After stirring at 20 °C for 16 h, the mixture was partially concentrated under reduced pressure, adjusted to pH = 3 - 4 with 1 M aq. H2SO4, and filtered to collect the solids. The reaction was repeated on the same scale, and the resultant solids were combined and dried under reduced pressure at 45 °C to give 2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanoic acid, enantiomerically enriched with the (R)-enantiomer (5.00 kg, 77% yield) as a black solid. ES-MS m / z 304.1 (M+H). The material was divided into five equal portions. Each portion (1.00 kg, 3.30 mol) was dissolved in acetone (20 L) and stirred for 10 min at 25 °C, before adding (1S,2R)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethan-1-ol (633 g, 2.97 mol). After stirring at 25 °C for 12 h, the mixtures were filtered, and the isolated solids from the five reactions were combined to give the (1S,2R)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethan-1-ol salt of the title compound (5.40 kg, 63%) as a white solid. A 0 °C solution of the salt (1.01 kg, 1.96 mol) in water (15 L) was adjusted to pH 9 with 20% aq. Na2CO3 and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 4L) to remove neutral impurities. The aq. phase was cooled to 0 °C, adjusted to pH 2 with H2SO4, and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 4L). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated by mixing with EtOAc (10.0 L) at 20 °C for 2 h before filtering to collect the solids. This reaction was repeated five times on the same scale, and the isolated material from all six reactions was combined to give the title compound (2.00 kg, 56%yield) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 304.1 (M+H). [a]D20= -4.98 ° (C=1.0, ACN: H2O, 5:1). >98% ee, Rt =3.44 min (SFC, Chiralpak® AD-3, 150 × 4.6 mm, 3 μm, 35 °C, gradient 10-50% IPA (with 0.1% IPAm) in CO2over 3.5 min, 2.5 mL / min, 220 nm). Preparation 44 Methyl (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)propanoate N N

[0207] In a glove box under N2, methyl (Z)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(imidazo[1,2- a]pyrimidin-3-yl)acrylate (20.28 g, 63.71 mmol) and Rh-COD-[(R)-MaxPhos]-BF4 (CAS# 1263077-53-7, 778 mg, 1.39 mmol) were added to a 600 mL autoclave.1,1,1,3,3,3- hexafluoroisopropanol (33 mL, degassed) and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (367 mL, degassed) were added. The autoclave was sealed, purged with H2, and then pressurized to 1.7 MPa with H2. The reaction temperature was gradually raised from RT to 60 °C over 30 min while stirring. After heating for 8 h, the reaction mixture was cooled to RT and concentrated under reduced pressure. The orange liquid residue was dissolved in DCM (200 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure twice, followed by a third time with MTBE (250 mL), to give an orange glass (28.8 g) which was crystallized from MTBE (200 mL). The solids were collected by filtration, rinsing with cold MTBE (100 mL). Drying at 50 °C under reduced pressure provided the title compound (8.13 g, 40%) as a tan powder. ES-MS m / z 321.1 (M+H). [a]D20= +48.8 ° (C=0.2, MeOH). [a]D20= -10 ° (c = 0.2, CHCl3). >99% ee, Rt =1.33 min (SFC, ChiralCel® OD-H, 4.6 × 100 mm, 5 μm, 40 °C, 20% IPA: 80% CO2, 5 mL / min, 225 nm). Preparation 45 Benzyl (R)-4-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl)-5-oxooxazolidine-3-carboxylate N

[0208] A solution of (R)-2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanoic acid (190 g, 626 mmol) in toluene (7.22 L) was treated with p-toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate (23.8 g, 125 mmol) and paraformaldehyde (73.3 g, 2.44 mol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 120 °C for 16 h before concentrating under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-100 % EtOAc in PE to obtain the title compound (145 g, 73%) as a colorless oil. ES-MS m / z 316.3 (M+H). Preparation 46 (R)-2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoic acid H N

[0209] To a solution of benzyl (R)-4-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl)-5-oxooxazolidine- 3-carboxylate (145 g, 460 mmol) in DCE (1.45 L) was added triethylsilane (534 g, 4.60 mol), TFA (1.57 kg, 13.80 mol), and 4 M HCl / dioxane (115 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 70 °C for 3 h then concentrated under reduced pressure. H2O (500 mL) was added, followed by 5N aq. NaOH to bring the mixture above pH 10. Extracted with DCM (2 × 500 mL). The aq. layer was acidified below pH 2 with 5N HCl and extracted with DCM (2 × 500 mL). This second set of organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound (100 g, 68.5%) as colorless oil. ES-MS m / z 318.1 (M+H). [a]D20= +38.7 ° (C=1.0, ACN).97.5% ee, Rt =2.38 min (SFC, Chiralpak® IG-3, 4.6 × 100 mm, 3 μm, 35 °C, gradient 10-50% EtOH (with 0.2% 7M NH3 in MeOH) in CO2 over 3.4 min, 3.4 mL / min, 220 nm). Preparation 47 Methyl (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate N

[0210] A mixture of 4-iodo-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole (20.0 g, 96.2 mmol), pyridine-2,6- bis(carboximidamide) dihydrochloride (5.05 g, 19.2 mmol), nickel(II) chloride, dimethoxyethane adduct (CAS# 29046-78-4, 4.23 g, 19.2 mmol), methyl (S)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3- iodopropanoate (47.5 g, 144 mmol) and Zinc (8.46 g, 129 mmol) in DMA (300 mL) was purged with N2 and stirred at 40 °C for 16 h under N2. The reaction mixture was quenched slowly with sat. aq. NH4Cl solution (300 mL) at 0 °C then filtered. The filtrate was diluted with water (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 400 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (2 × 300 mL), then sat. aq. NaCl (300 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-33% EtOAc in PE to obtain the title compound (12.16 g, 42%) as a colorless oil. ES-MS m / z 284.1 (M+H). >99% ee, Rt =0.55 min (SFC, Chiralcel® OJ-3, 4.6 × 150 mm, 3 μm, 35 °C, gradient 5-50% EtOH (with 0.05% DMEA) in CO2 over 1.4 min, 3 mL / min, 220 nm). Preparation 48 Methyl (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate F

[0211] To a solution of 1-difluoromethyl-4-iodo-1H-pyrazole (15.0 g, 59.6 mmol) in DMA (50 mL) under N2, was added pyridine-2,6-bis(carboximidamide) dihydrochloride (2.83 g, 12.0 mmol), methyl (S)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-iodopropanoate (29.5 g, 89.7 mmol), Zinc (7.79 g, 119 mmol) and nickel(II) chloride, dimethoxyethane adduct (CAS# 29046-78-4, 2.60 g, 11.8 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 60 °C (internally) for 12 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with sat. aq. NH4Cl solution (200 mL) then filtered over diatomaceous earth, rinsing with EtOAc (2 × 50 mL). The filtrate was diluted with water (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 100 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed sat. aq. NaCl (100 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-10% EtOAc in PE to obtain the title compound (13.0 g, 67%) as a colorless oil. ES-MS m / z 264.1(M-tBu+H). >99% ee, Rt =1.38 min (SFC,Chiralpak® AD-3, 4.6 × 150 mm, 3 μm, 35 °C, gradient 10-50% EtOH (with 0.2% 7M NH3 in MeOH) in CO2 over 3 min, 2.5 mL / min, 220 nm). Preparation 50 (R)-2-((tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoic acid F

[0212] A solution of methyl (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate (12.0 g, 36.8 mmol) in THF (120 mL) was treated with 1M aq. LiOH·H2O (110 mL, 110 mmol) and stirred at 25 °C for 1 h under N2. The mixture was extracted with DCM (3 × 30 mL). The aq. phase was adjusted to pH 2-3 with 1N aq. HCl and the resulting white solid was collected by filtration, suspended in PE (100 mL) and stirred for 12 h. Filtration and drying under reduced pressure afforded the title compound (10.5 g, 94 %) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 250.1 (M-tBu+H). >99% ee, Rt =2.73 min (SFC, Chiralpak® AD-3, 4.6 × 150 mm, 3 μm, 35 °C, 15% IPA (with 0.5% IPAm): 85% CO2, 2.5 mL / min, 220 nm).

[0213] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 50. Alternatively, after acidification of the reaction mixture, the products can be extracted with EtOAc. These compounds could also be isolated as their corresponding Lithium carboxylate salts by concentrating the basic reaction mixture, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 5Preparation 53 tert-Butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0214] A stirring mixture of (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (8.3 g, 27 mmol), 1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)- 2-methylpropan-2-amine hydrochloride (8.4 g, 26 mmol), DIEA (16 mL, 91 mmol), and DMF (50 mL) was cooled at 0 °C and treated with HATU (12 g, 31 mmol) portion-wise. After 4 h at RT, the reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc (400 mL) and water (400 mL). The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (300 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (500 mL), then sat. aq. NaCl (500 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 50-65% MTBE in heptane to obtain the title compound (14.4 g, 96%) as a white foam. ES-MS m / z 517,519 (M-tBu+H).

[0215] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 53 using the appropriate carboxylic acid and the appropriate amine. Reactants can be added in different orders or in differing equivalency. DMA and DMSO are suitable replacements for DMF. Reaction times (30 min to overnight) and temperatures (0 °C to RT) may vary, and differing methods can be used to work up or purify the compounds (normal phase, or high, neutral or low pH reversed phase). Such variances would be apparent to one skilled in the art.Table 6 ) )Preparation 79 tert-Butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-(2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamateF

[0216] A solution of tert-butyl (1-(5-(2-(methoxymethyl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (914 mg, 2.18 mmol) in EtOAc (6.2 mL) was treated with 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (6.6 mL, 26.2 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 17 h, then at 45 °C for 5 h, followed by RT for 3 days. TFA (2.0 mL, 26.2 mmol) was added, and heating was resumed at 45 °C for 19 h. The mixture was concentrated under a stream of N2. The residue was dissolved in TFA (6.2 mL, 54.7 mmol), and heating was resumed at 45 °C for 1.25 h before concentrating under a stream of N2to obtain a quantitative yield of 1-(5-(2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-amine trifluoroacetate. ES-MS m / z 275.2 (M+H). The residue and (R)-2-((tert- butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (588 mg, 2.19 mmol) were combined in DMF (5.5 mL) and treated with HATU (790 mg, 3.28 mmol) and DIEA (381 μL, 2.19 mmol). After stirring at RT overnight, DIEA (381 μL, 2.19 mmol) and HATU (790 mg, 3.28 mmol) were added, and stirring was continued for 2.25 h. The reaction mixture was partitioned between sat. aq. NaHCO3 (15 mL) and 1:1 EtOAc: toluene (20 mL), and the aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 × 20 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (15 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-20% (7M NH3 / MeOH) in DCM to obtain the title compound (282 mg, 25%) as a yellow liquid. ES-MS m / z 526.2 (M+H). Preparation 80 Benzyl ((2R)-1-((2-methyl-1-(5-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1- oxopropan-2-yl)carbamateF

[0217] A mixture of benzyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (13.4 g, 23.5 mmol) and Na2CO3 (7.46 g, 70.4 mmol) in MeOH (50 mL) was sparged with N2 for 30 min. Bis(di-tert-butyl (4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II), Pd(amphos)Cl2(CAS# 887919-35-9, 1.66 g, 2.35 mmol) and 2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-4-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole (10.8 g, 38.7 mmol) were added, and degassing was continued for 2 min. The vessel was sealed and stirred at 75 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and water. Sat. aq. NaCl was added, and the layers were separated. The aq. layer was extracted twice more with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0- 30% (3:1 EtOAc: EtOH) in cyclohexane to obtain the title compound (12.8 g, 85%) as a yellow glass. ES-MS m / z 644.4 (M+H). Preparation 81 2-(4-Bromopyridin-2-yl)propan-2-ol r

[0218] A mixture of ethyl 4-bromopicolinate (2.2 g, 9.6 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was treated with 3M methyl magnesium bromide in Et2O (9.6 mL, 29 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 2 h, then quenched with water (10 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2 × 10 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 18% EtOAc in PE, to give the title compound (1.6 g, 69%) as a colorless oil. ES-MS m / z 216,218 (M+H).Preparation 82 4-Bromo-2-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)propan-2-yl)pyridine Br

[0219] A 0 °C solution of 2-(4-bromopyridin-2-yl)propan-2-ol (1.6 g, 7.0 mmol), TEA (2 mL, 10 mmol) and DMAP (86 mg, 0.70 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was treated with tert- butyldimethylsilyl chloride (1.5 g, 10 mmol) and the resulting mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 48 h. The reaction mixture was cooled and combined with a second reaction ran in a similar manner on 650 mg of 2-(4-bromopyridin-2-yl)propan-2-ol. The mixture was diluted with water (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2 × 20 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (2 × 30 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-6% EtOAc in PE to obtain the title compound (1.4 g, 42%) as a yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 330,332 (M+H). Preparation 83 2-(2-((tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)propan-2-yl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2- yl)pyridine

[0220] To a N2 sparged solution of 4-bromo-2-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)propan-2- yl)pyridine (1.4 g, 4.0 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diborane (2.6 g, 10 mmol) and KOAc (99 mg, 10 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) was added Pd(dppf)Cl2(290 mg, 0.40 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 4 h under N2. The reaction mixture was cooled, and water (20 mL) was added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 20 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (3 × 10 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0- 25% EtOAc in PE to obtain the title compound (1.2 g, 63%, 80% purity). TLC (1:3 EtOAc: PE) Rf = 0.6.Preparation 84 tert-Butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-(2-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)propan-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-

[0221] To a N2 sparged solution of 2-(2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)propan-2-yl)-4- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine (220 mg, 466 μmol, 80% purity), tert-butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1- methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (300 mg, 502 μmol, 90% purity) and Na2CO3 (125 mg, 1.18 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (8 mL) and water (0.8 mL) was added Pd(dppf)Cl2 (40 mg, 55 μmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 90 °C for 16 h under N2then diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2 × 15 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (2 × 20 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0- 4% MeOH / DCM to obtain the title compound (380 mg, 83%, 72% purity) as a white solid. ES- MS m / z 708.7 (M+H).

[0222] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 84 using the appropriate aryl bromide and the appropriate boron ester or boronic acid. Reactants can be added in different orders or in differing equivalency, reaction times (5-32 h) and temperatures (90-100 °C) may vary, and differing methods can be used to work up or purify the compounds, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 7a: 3 eq boron ester, 100 °C, 32 h b: 3 eq boron ester, 100 °C, 16 h, purification with 0-90% EtOAc / PE. c: 90 °C, 5 h. Preparation 88 tert-Butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-(2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol- 1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate H

[0223] A 0 °C solution of tert-butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-(2-(2-((tert- butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)propan-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (370 mg, 376 μmol) in THF (3 mL) was treated with 1M tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF (1 mL, 1 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at 15 °C for 2 days. The reaction mixture was quenched with water (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2 × 10 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (2 × 10 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0- 8% MeOH in DCM to obtain the title compound (180 mg, 79%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 594.2 (M+H). Preparation 89 (R)-N-(1-(5-(2H-1,2,3-Triazol-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)- 2-amino-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamide hydrochloride O

[0224] A solution of tert-butyl ((2R)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((2-methyl- 1-(5-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1- yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (150 mg, 204 μmol, ~88% purity) in MeOH (3 mL) was treated with 2 M HCl in MeOH (2.0 mL, 4.0 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 12 h then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain quantitative yield of the title compound (140 mg, ~70% purity) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 462.2 (M+H). Preparation 90 Benzyl (R)-(1-((2-methyl-1-(1'-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1'H,2H-[3,4'-bipyrazol]-2-yl)propan- 2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamateF

[0225] A mixture of 1-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (102 mg, 490 μmol), benzyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (140 mg, 245 μmol), and K3PO4 (156 mg, 735 μmol) in DME (1.2 mL) was sparged with argon for 2 min. Pd(PPh3)4 (28.3 mg, 24.5 μmol) was added, and argon degassing was continued for 3 min. After stirring at 95 °C overnight, the reaction mixture was cooled and treated with additional 1-methyl- 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (102 mg, 490 μmol), K3PO4 (156 mg, 735 μmol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (28.3 mg, 24.5 μmol). Resumed stirring at 95 °C for 4 h. The reaction mixture was cooled and partitioned between water (10 mL) and EtOAc (15 mL). The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 × 15 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (10 mL) then sat. aq. NaCl (10 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered through a pad of diatomaceous earth, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-100% (3:1 EtOAc: EtOH) in heptane to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as a yellow gel. ES-MS m / z 573.4 (M+H). Preparation 91 tert-Butyl (R)-(3-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-1-((2-methyl-1-(1'-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)- 1'H,2H-[3,4'-bipyrazol]-2-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0226] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 90 using tert-butyl (R)- (1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate. ES-MS m / z 576.2 (M+H). Preparation 92 tert-Butyl (R)-(3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6- dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-1- oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate

[0227] To a mixture of tert-butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)- 2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2- yl)carbamate (2.05 g, 3.58 mmol), 3-fluoro-1-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan- 2-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one (900 mg, 3.56 mmol), K2CO3(1.47 g, 10.6 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (581 mg, 711 μmol) under N2 was added N2 sparged 4:11,4-dioxane / water (20 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 90 °C for 3.5 h, then cooled to RT and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-100% EtOAc / cyclohexane to obtain the title compound (1.25 g, 57%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 520.2 (M-BOC+H), 642.2 (M+Na). Preparation 93 (R)-(1-(2-(2-((tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamido)-2- methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid H

[0228] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 20 using tert-butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl- 1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate and purifying on silica with 0-20% (0.1% FA / MeOH) in DCM. ES-MS m / z 503.3 (M+H). Preparation 94 tert-Butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-(1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate

[0229] A solution of (R)-(1-(2-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanamido)-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (100 mg, 195 μmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) and water (0.5 mL) was treated with 3-bromo-[1,2,4]thiadiazole (42.3 mg, 254 μmol), Na2CO3(62.7 mg, 585 μmol) and methanesulfonato(2- dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-bis(dimethylamino)-1,1'-biphenyl)(2'-amino-1,1'-biphenyl-2- yl)palladium(II), CPhos Pd G3 (CAS# 1447963-73-6, 31.8 mg, 39.0 μmol). The resulting mixture was purged with N2 and stirred at 80 °C for 16 h under N2. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-7% MeOH in DCM to obtain the title compound (82 mg, 47%, 61% purity) as a brown solid. ES-MS m / z 543.3 (M+H). Preparation 95 (R)-2-Amino-N-(1-(4-fluoro-5'-(trifluoromethyl)-1H,2'H-[3,3'-bipyrazol]-2'-yl)-2-methylpropan- 2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamide hydrochloride H

[0230] A 0 °C solution of 3-bromo-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazole (500 mg, 3.03 mmol) in DMF (8 mL) was treated with NaH (60 wt.% in mineral oil, 145 mg, 3.64 mmol). After stirring at 0 °C for 30 min, 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl chloride (644 μL, 3.64 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 1 h then diluted with EtOAc (30 mL) and water (20 mL). The organic layer was washed with water (2 × 20 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-3% EtOAc / PE, to give a mixture of regioisomers 3-bromo-4-fluoro-1-((2- (trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-1H-pyrazole and 5-bromo-4-fluoro-1-((2- (trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-1H-pyrazole (560 mg, 62%) as a colorless oil. ES-MS m / z 295,297 (M+H).

[0231] A portion of the regioisomeric mixture (209 mg, 351 μmol) was combined with (R)- (1-(2-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamido)-2- methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (180 mg, 351 μmol) and Na2CO3 (74.4 mg, 702 μmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL) and water (0.4 mL), and XPhos Pd G3 (59.5 mg, 70.2 μmol) was added in a glovebox. After stirring at 90 °C for 16 h under N2, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (10 mL) and filtered. The resulting filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-3% MeOH / DCM to give a mixture of regioisomers, tert-butyl ((2R)-1-((1-(4'-fluoro-5- (trifluoromethyl)-2'-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-2H,2'H-[3,3'-bipyrazol]-2-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate and tert- butyl (R)-(1-((1-(4-fluoro-5'-(trifluoromethyl)-1-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-'H-[3,3'- bipyrazol]-2'-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2- yl)carbamate (138 mg, 45%, 77% purity) as a yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 695.4 (M+Na).

[0232] The mixture of regioisomers was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) and treated with 2M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (2.00 mL, 4.00 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 16 h then concentrated to obtain the title compound (110 mg, 95%, 65% purity) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 443.3 (M+H). Preparation 96 (R)-N-(2-Methyl-1-(5-(1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol- 1-yl)propan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-(methylamino)propanamideO

[0233] To a mixture of benzyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)(methyl)carbamate (1.50 g, 2.56 mmol), 1-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one (1.51 g, 6.41 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (CAS# 95464-05-4, 314 mg, 384 μmol) and K2CO3 (1.06 g, 7.69 mmol) under N2was added 1,4-dioxane (13 mL) and water (4.3 mL). After sparging with N2 for 5 min, the reaction vessel was sealed, and the mixture was stirred for 30 min at 95 °C, then 24 h at 37 °C, followed by 22 h at 55 °C. The resulting mixture was cooled to RT and diluted with 0.1M aq. HCl (75 mL) and EtOAc (60 mL). The layers were separated, and the organic layer was extracted with 0.1M aq. HCl (4 × 50 mL). The aq. layers were combined, basified with 2M aq. LiOH, and extracted with EtOAc (6 × 50 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (1.23 g, 85%, 85% purity) as a solid. ES-MS m / z 480.2 (M+H). Preparation 97 tert-Butyl 2-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)hydrazine-1-carboxylate

[0234] To a solution of tert-butyl (2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (9.0 g, 48 mmol) in MeOH (100 mL) was added tert-butyl hydrazinecarboxylate (6.4 g, 48 mmol) and HOAc (8.3 mL, 140 mmol). The mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h, then NaBH3CN (4.5 g, 72 mmol) was added. After stirring at 25 °C for 16 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and diluted with water (100 mL). Na2CO3 was added to adjusted to pH=8, and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 100 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (100 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-10%EtOAc / PE to obtain the title compound (13.2 g, 86 %) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 304.2 (M+H). Preparation 98 1-(2-Amino-2-methylpropyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-ol formate H

[0235] A solution of tert-butyl 2-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2- methylpropyl)hydrazine-1-carboxylate (13.2 g, 41.3 mmol) in MeOH (50 mL) was treated with 2M HCl in MeOH (50 mL, 100 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 16 h then concentrated under reduced pressure to give 1-hydrazineyl-2-methylpropan-2-amine hydrochloride (8.5 g, 92%) as a white solid. A portion of this solid (1.57 g, 14.4 mmol) was added to a solution of ethyl 4,4-difluoro-3-oxobutanoate (2.00 g, 12.0 mmol) and FA (1.36 mL, 36.1 mmol) in MTBE (20 mL) and water (5 mL) at 5 °C. The cooling bath was removed, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 22 °C for 24 h, then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reversed phase prep-HPLC (Xtimate® C18, 40 × 150 mm, 10μm), eluting with a gradient of 0-20% ACN in water (with 0.1% FA) to obtain the title compound (3.6 g, 40%, 34% purity) as a yellow oil. ES-MS (m / z) 205.9 (M+H). Preparation 99 tert-Butyl (R)-(1-((1-(3-(difluoromethyl)-5-hydroxy-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate H

[0236] To a solution of 1-(2-amino-2-methylpropyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-ol(700 mg, 1.16 mmol, 34% purity) in DMA (2 mL) was added (R)-2-((tert- butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (263 mg, 0.93 mmol), HATU (882 mg, 2.32 mmol) and DIEA (808 μL, 4.64 mmol) at 25 °C. After stirring for 3 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with water (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 35 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (3 × 40 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-7% DCM / MeOH to obtain the title compound (334 mg, 54%, 85% purity) as a yellow oil. ES-MS (m / z) 457.2 (M+H). Preparation 100 (R)-1-(2-(2-((tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamido)-2- methylpropyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate F F

[0237] A solution of tert-butyl (R)-(1-((1-(3-(difluoromethyl)-5-hydroxy-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)- 2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (357 mg, 665 μmol, 85% purity) and phenyl triflimide (475 mg, 1.33 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was treated with potassium tert-butoxide (112 mg, 1.0 mmol) at 30 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 30 °C for 12 h, then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-20% MeOH in DCM to give the title compound (358 mg, 78%, 85% purity) as a yellow oil. ES-MS (m / z) 589.1 (M+H). Preparation 101 tert-Butyl ((2R)-1-((1-(3-(Difluoromethyl)-5-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4- yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2- yl)carbamate

[0238] To a mixture of (R)-1-(2-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanamido)-2-methylpropyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (328 mg, 474 μmol, 85% purity), 2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole (145 mg, 521 μmol) and Na2CO3 (100 mg, 947 μmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) and water (0.3 mL) was added Pd(dppf)Cl2(69.3 mg, 94.7 μmol). The mixture was stirred at 90 °C under N2 for 16 h. The reaction mixture was poured into water (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 20 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (15 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-20% MeOH in DCM, to give the title compound (140 mg, 49%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 592.3 (M+H). Preparation 102 (R)-2-Amino-N-(1-(3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamide hydrochloride HN

[0239] To a solution of tert-butyl ((2R)-1-((1-(3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(2-(tetrahydro-2H- pyran-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl- 1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (140 mg, 234 μmol) in MeOH (3 mL) was added 2 M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL, 6 mmol) at 25 °C. After stirring at 30 °C for 3 h, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (164 mg, 95%, 60% purity) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 408.1 (M+H).Preparation 103 (R)-2-Amino-N-(2-methyl-1-(1'-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1'H,2H-[3,4'-bipyrazol]-2-yl)propan- 2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamide trifluoroacetate F

[0240] A solution of benzyl (R)-(1-((2-methyl-1-(1'-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1'H,2H-[3,4'- bipyrazol]-2-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (140.0 mg, 244.5 μmol) in TFA (2.5 mL) was stirred at 45 °C for 33 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under a stream of N2 to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as yellow gel. ES-MS m / z 439.4 (M+H). Preparation 104 (R)-2-Amino-N-1-(5-cyclopropyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3- (1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamide trifluoroacetate F

[0241] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 103 using benzyl (R)- (1-((1-(5-cyclopropyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1- methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate. ES-MS m / z 399.2 (M+H). Preparation 105 (R)-2-Amino-N-(1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1- methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamideF

[0242] A mixture of benzyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (9.9 g, 17 mmol) in TFA (100 mL) was stirred at 35 °C for 3 days. After concentrating under reduced pressure, the oily residue was cooled at 0 °C, diluted with DCM (500 mL) and basified with ice- cold 1M aq. NaOH to ~pH 8. The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with 3:1 CHCl3 / IPA (500 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-5% 7M NH3 / MeOH in DCM. The mixed fractions were repurified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 50 to 100% EA / cyclohexane then switching to 5% 7M NH3 / MeOH in DCM. The two batches were combined to obtain the title compound (4.6 g, 65%) as a colorless oil. ES-MS m / z 437,439 (M-tBu+H). Preparation 106 (R)-N-(1-(5-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)-2-(methylamino)propanamide hydrochloride F

[0243] A solution of benzyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)(methyl)carbamate (3.43 g, 5.86 mmol) in TFA (19.5 mL) was stirred at 55 °C for 2 days. After concentrating under reduced pressure, the residue was partitioned between 3:1 heptane / EtOAc (150 mL) and 0.05 M aq. HCl (150 mL). The organic layer was extracted with 0.05 M aq. HCl (3 × 50 mL). The aq. layers were combined, neutralized with sat. aq. NaHCO3(200 mL), adjusted to pH 10 with sat.aq. Na2CO3 and extracted with DCM (4 × 100 mL). The DCM extracts were combined, dried over Na2SO4, and filtered. The filtrate was treated with 4.0 M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (7.3 mL, 29.3 mmol) and the resulting mixture was concentrated under a stream of N2at 30 °C to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound (3.27 g) as an off-white solid. ES-MS m / z 451,453 (M+H). Preparation 107 (R)-N-(2-Methyl-1-(5-(2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1- yl)propan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-(methylamino)propanamide hydrobromide F

[0244] A solution of benzyl (R)-methyl(1-((2-methyl-1-(5-(2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)- 3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1- oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (122.6 mg, 204.5 μmol) in DCM (1.4 mL) was treated with 33 wt.% HBr in HOAc (269 μL, 1.64 mmol) dropwise. The resulting mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 2 h then concentrated under a stream of N2. EtOAc (5 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was sonicated for 2 min. Heptane (5 mL) was added, and the mixture sonicated an additional 2 min. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound (155.6 mg) as a light tan powder. ES-MS m / z 466.2 (M+H). Preparation 108 (R)-N-(2-Methyl -1-(5-(6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1- yl)propan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-(methylamino)propanamide hydrobromideFF

[0245] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 107 using benzyl (R)- methyl(1-((2-methyl-1-(5-(6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1- yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate. ES-MS m / z 466.2 (M+H). Preparation 109 (R)-2-Amino-N-(2-methyl-1-(5-(1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)- 1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamide hydrobromide F

[0246] To a solution of tert-Butyl (R)-(3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((2-methyl- 1-(5-(1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2- yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (140 mg, 219 μmol) in DCM (4 mL) was added BBr3 (150 μL, 1.59 mmol) at 0 °C. The mixture was stirred cold for 2 h then combined with a second reaction mixture (31 μmol scale). The combined mixture was suction filtered, and the collected solid was washed with EtOAc to obtain the title compound (140 mg, 65%, ~64% purity) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 473.2 (M+H). Preparation 110 (R)-2-amino-N-(2-methyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)propanamide

[0247] To a mixture of 10% Pd / C (50% wet) (1.5 g, 1.4 mmol) wetted with EtOH (1 mL) and under a blanket of N2 was added benzyl (R)-(1-((2-methyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (3.88 g, 7.9 mmol) and MeOH (40 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred under 0.31 MPa of H2at RT overnight. The reaction was repeated on the same scale. The reaction mixtures were combined by filtering over the same bed of diatomaceous earth, rinsing with EA. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in DCM and passed through a hydrophobic frit, rinsing with DCM. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a quantitative yield of the title compound (5.84 g) as a clear, slightly yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 359.2 (M+H).

[0248] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 110 from the appropriate benzyl carbamate. Varying H2pressures (0.10 – 0.31 MPa) and reaction times (4h to overnight) can be used, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 8a: catalyst: 20% Pd(OH)2, 50% water wet Preparation 114 (R)-2-Amino-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-(1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6- dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)propanamide hydrochloride

[0249] A solution of tert-butyl (R)-(3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((1-(5-(5- fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (1.25 g, 2.02 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL) was added 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (7.6 mL, 30 mmol). After stirring for 18 h at RT, the mixture was concentrated under a stream of N2to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound (1.1 g) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 520.0 (M+H).

[0250] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 114 from the appropriate tert-butyl carbamate. Varying reaction times (15 min-24 h), equivalents ofHCl (3-25 eq), and co-solvents (such as EtOAc) can be used, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. The deprotected amines were isolated as the corresponding hydrochloride salt. The compounds may have been used without determination of the number of equivalents of HCl. Table 9Preparation 137 ((R)-2-Amino-N-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanamide hydrochloride F

[0251] To a mixture of ((R)-2-amino-N-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1- methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamide (70 g, 0.220 mol) in 1,4-dioxane (140 mL) was added 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (175 mL) at 0 °C. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir at RT for 3 h. The solid was filtered and dried under reduced pressure at 40 °C to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound (80.0 g) as white solid. ES-MS m / z 319.0 (M+H). Preparation 138 (R)-N-(1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((2- nitrophenyl)sulfonamido)propanamide F

[0252] A mixture of (R)-2-amino-N-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl- 1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanamide hydrochloride (1.5 g, 3.8 mmol) in DCM (15 mL) was treated with TEA (1.1 mL, 8.0 mmol) and 2-nitrobenzene sulfonyl chloride (1.6 g, 7.1 mmol). The mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h then partitioned between sat. aq. NH4Cl (50 mL) and DCM (50 mL).The aq. layer was extracted with DCM (3 × 50 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (30 mL), then sat. aq. NaCl (30 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as a yellow gel. ES- MS m / z 504.2 (M+H). Preparation 139 (R)-N-(1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((N-methyl-2- nitrophenyl)sulfonamido)propanamide F

[0253] A mixture of (R)-N-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((2-nitrophenyl)sulfonamido)propanamide (2.4 g, 4.8 mmol) in DMF (32 mL) was treated with Cs2CO3 (1.7 g, 5.2 mmol). After stirring at RT for 5 min, methyl iodide (0.93 mL, 14 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at RT overnight. The reaction mixture was partitioned between water (50 mL) and DCM (50 mL). The aq. layer was extracted with DCM (3 × 50 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (3 × 40 mL), then sat. aq. NaCl (40 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-80% (3:1 EtOAc:EtOH) in heptane to give the title compound (1.5 g, 60%). ES-MS m / z 518.2 (M+H). Preparation 140 (R)-N-(1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2- (methylamino)propanamide F

[0254] A mixture of (R)-N-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((N-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)sulfonamido)propanamide (100 mg, 193 μmol) and LiOH (19 mg, 773 μmol) in DMF (1.3 mL) was treated with thioglycolic acid (36 mg, 386 μmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 1 h, then partitioned between sat. aq. NH4Cl (5 mL) and DCM (10 mL). The aq. layer was extracted with DCM (3 × 10 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (2 x10 mL), then sat. aq. NaCl (5 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-100% (3:1 EtOAc:EtOH) in DCM to obtain the title compound (32.7 mg, 50%). ES-MS: 333.2 m / z (M+H). Preparation 141 5-Bromo-2-cyclobutyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine Br

[0255] A mixture of 5-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (3.00 g, 15.0 mmol) in NMP (60 mL) was treated with NaH (1.02 g, 25.5 mmol, 60% in oil) in one portion, and the reaction mixture was stirred until gas evolution ceased (~5 min). Bromocyclobutane (3.53 mL, 37.5 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 115 °C for 42 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with water (250 mL), and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 50 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 5-50% EtOAc in heptane to obtain the second-eluting (minor) isomer, the title compound (second- eluting minor isomer, 299 mg, 8%) as an off-white solid. Preparation 142 6-Bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine Br

[0256] A mixture of 5-bromo-pyrimidin-2-ylamine (8.75 g, 50.3 mmol), DME (100 mL) and 3-bromo-1,1,1-trifluoroacetone (9.41 mL, 90.5 mmol). After stirring at RT for 12 days, the reaction mixture was filtered, and the filter cake was washed with heptane (20 mL) and dried to give a tan solid (17.3 g) which was suspended in EtOH (150 mL). The suspension was stirred atreflux for 21 h. After cooling to RT, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to approximately 25 mL and diluted with heptane (40 mL). The mixture was stirred for 5 min then filtered. The filter cake was vacuum dried to obtain the title compound (7.91 g, 59%) as a light-pink solid. ES-MS m / z 266,268 (M+H). Preparation 143 6-Bromo-2-methyl-1,8-naphthyridiner

[0257] A mixture of sodium tert-butoxide (166 mg, 1.72 mmol), and 1,3-bis(2,6- diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene copper chloride (210 mg, 0.43 mmol) was sealed in an oven-dried vial, purged with N2, and treated with a solution of 4-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-one (1.00 g, 8.61 mmol) and 2-amino-5-bromonicotinaldehyde (1.73 g, 8.61 mmol) in toluene (20 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 70 ⁰C for 5 h, then cooled, filtered through a pad of silica, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 40-70% EtOAc in cyclohexane, to give the title compound (750 mg, 39% yield) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 223,225 (M+H). Preparation 144 2-Methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole

[0258] A mixture of 4-bromo-2-methyl-2H-1,2,3-triazole (3.69 g, 22.1 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (6.23 g, 24.3 mmol), KOAc (6.51 g, 66.3 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (2.26 g, 2.77 mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (100 mL) was purged with N2and then stirred at 100 °C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and filtered through a pad of silica (65 g) and rinsing with EtOAc. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with EtOAc in hexanes and co-evaporated with DCM to affordthe title product (3.86 g, 80%) as a light brown solid.1H NMR (CDCl3): 7.89 (s, 1H), 4.25 (s, 3H), 1.36 (s, 12H). Preparation 146 2-(2-Methyl-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocane O

[0259] A solution of 2-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3- triazole (21.1 g, 70.7 mmol, 70% purity) in cyclopentyl methyl ether (210 mL) stirring at 55 °C under N2was treated with a solution of diethanolamine (7.13 mL, 74.2 mmol) in IPA (21 mL) in portions by pipette over 10 min. Stirring at 55 °C was continued for 2 h, and then reaction mixture was allowed to slowly cool to RT with continued stirring. After ~5 h, the solid was collected by filtration, washed with 10:1 cyclopentyl methyl ether: IPA (110 mL), and dried overnight in a 40 °C vacuum oven to give the title compound (13.1 g, 93%) as light-grey solid. ES-MS m / z 197.0 (M+H). Preparation 147 Methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate

[0260] A stirring solution of (1S,2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (prepared as described in US 2011 / 0201623 A1; 12.0 g, 49.8 mmol) in MeOH (100 mL) at RT was treated with SOCl2 (3.70 mL, 50.8 mmol) dropwise. The resulting mixture was stirred at 50 °C overnight then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between EtOAc (40 mL) and sat. aq. NaHCO3(100 mL), and the layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with sat. aq. NaCl, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound (12.7 g) as a light-yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 255,257 (M+H).Preparation 148 Methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1- carboxylate

[0261] To a mixture of bis(pinacolato)diborane (7.47 g, 29.4 mmol), KOAc (5.77 g, 58.8 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (1.60 g, 1.96 mmol) under N2 was added 1,4-dioxane (245 mL) and methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (5.00 g, 19.6 mmol). The resulting mixture was sparged with N2for 20 min at RT, then stirred at 90 °C overnight under N2. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with EtOAc, and filtered through diatomaceous earth. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-50% EtOAc in cyclohexane to obtain the title compound (5.71 g, 96%). ES-MS m / z 303.0 (M+H). Preparation 149 Methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1- carboxylate

[0262] A mixture of 5-bromo-2-methylpyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (5.00 g, 23.6 mmol), methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (2.85 g, 9.43 mmol), Cs2CO3 (11.1 g, 34.0 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (1.16 g, 1.41 mmol) under N2was treated with 1,4-dioxane (240 mL) and water (24 mL), and the resulting mixture was sparged with N2for 30 min, then stirred at 90 °C overnight. After concentrating most of the solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was poured into water (200 mL) and sat. aq. NaCl (50 mL). EtOAc (100 mL) was added, and the layers were separated. The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (4 × 100 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified bysilica gel chromatography using a gradient of 15-100% (3:1 EtOAc: EtOH) in cyclohexane to obtain the title compound (2.10 g, 72%) as a tan solid. ES-MS m / z 308.0 (M+H).

[0263] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 149 using the appropriate aryl bromide. Differing methods or gradients can be used to work up or purify the compounds, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 10 ) )Preparation 152 5-(4-Bromo-3-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine Br

[0264] A suspension of (2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)boronic acid (1.00 g, 5.65 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (923 mg, 1.13 mmol), 1-bromo-2-fluoro-4-iodobenzene (3.40 g, 11.3 mmol), and Cs2CO3 (7.36 g, 22.6 mmol) in 3:11,4-dioxane / water (25 mL) was sparged with N2for 5 min. The resulting mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 2 h, then cooled and diluted with EtOAc and water. The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (3x). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatographyusing a gradient of 0-2% MeOH in DCM to obtain the title compound (1.64 g, 82%, 86% purity) as a yellow foam. ES-MS m / z 306,308 (M+H).

[0265] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 152 from the appropriate aryl boronic acid and appropriate aryl halide. Differing methods can be used to work up or purify the compounds, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 11a. Used 1-bromo-4-iodo-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, 90°C for 1 h. b. Used 6-bromo-3-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine, 90°C for 1 h, precipitated with EtOAc and collected solids. Preparation 155 Potassium ((1S,2S)-2-(ethoxycarbonyl)cyclopropyl)trifluoroboratecarboxylate

[0266] The synthesis and chiral analysis for the title compound was conducted in a manner similar as described in Thach Nguyen, Sanil Sreekumar, Shuai Wang, Qi Jiang, Florian Montel, and Frederic Buono, Organic Process Research & Development 202226 (10), 2979-2985. A solution of potassium vinyltrifluoroborate (250 g, 1.87 mol) and Ru-(R)-Pheox (CAS#1421679- 43-7, 11.9 g, 18.7 mmol) in EtOAc (2.25 L) was treated with a solution of ethyl diazoacetate (426 g, 3.73 mol) in EtOAc (500 mL) dropwise at 0-5 °C under N2 over 4 h. The resulting mixture was warmed to 25 °C and stirred for 5 h. MTBE (4.12 L) was added, and the resulting brown slurry was cooled to 0-5 °C and agitated for 30 min. The reaction was repeated 4 times onthe same scale, and all 5 reactions were combined for filtration. The combined filter cake was washed with 2:3 EtOAc / MTBE (5 L) and dried under reduced pressure at 50 °C for 5 h to obtain the title compound (920 g, 45%) as white solid. ES-MS m / z 181.1 (M+). [a]D20= +13.42 ° (C=1.0, ACN). Preparation 156 Ethyl (1S,2S)-2-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1- carboxylate

[0267] A mixture of cataCXium Pd G4 (CAS# 2230788-67-5, 255 mg, 0.34 mmol), 5-(4- bromo-3-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (1.05 g, 3.4 mmol), ethyl (1S,2S)- 2-(trifluoro-l4-boraneyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate, potassium salt (906 mg, 4.1 mmol), Cs2CO3 (0.823 mL, 10.3 mmol) in toluene (15 mL) was degassed with N2, then water (1.5 mL) was added, and the flask was evacuated and backfilled with N2three times. The reaction vessel was heated to 80 °C for 16 h, then cooled, diluted with EtOAc, dried over Na2SO4, filtered over diatomaceous earth, and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 1-2% MeOH in DCM, followed by reverse phase flash chromatography (150 g C18 column, 110 mL / min) using a gradient of 35-60% ACN / 10mM aq. NH4HCO3 (with 5% MeOH) to obtain the title compound (600 mg, 52%) as an off-white solid. ES-MS m / z 340.2 (M+H).

[0268] The compounds in the following table were prepared in a similar manner as described in Preparation 156 from the appropriate aryl halide from Table 11 and either potassium ((1S,2S)- 2-(ethoxycarbonyl)cyclopropyl)trifluoroborate or commercial potassium rac-((trans)-2- (ethoxycarbonyl)cyclopropyl)trifluoroborate. Differing methods can be used to work up or purify the compounds, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art.Table 12a. filtered, and the concentrated filtrate was used in the next step without purification. b. purified by silica gel chromatography, 0-100% 3:1 EtOH: EtOAc in heptane. c. heated at 110 °C, purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-75% EtOAc in heptane. Preparation 160 rac-Ethyl (trans)-2-(4-(3-(4-fluorophenyl)ureido)-3-methylphenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate

[0269] A mixture of rac-ethyl (trans)-2-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)cyclopropane-1- carboxylate (76.0 mg, 347 μmol) in DCM (2 mL) was treated with TEA (106 μL, 762 μmol) and 4-fluorophenyl isocyanate (47.2 μL, 416 μmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 16 h then diluted with 0.2 M aq. HCl (10 mL) and EtOAc (10 mL). The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 8 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (5 mL), dried over Na2SO4,filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound. ES-MS m / z 329.2 m / z (M+H). Preparation 161Methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate

[0270] A solution of methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (6.5 g, 25 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (8 mL) was added tert-butyl carbamate (4.5 g, 38 mmol), Pd2(dba)3 (2.4 g, 2.5 mmol), XPhos (1.2 g, 2.5 mmol) and Cs2CO3(13 g, 38 mmol). The mixture was vacuum degassed and purged with N2 (3 x) then stirred at 100 °C under N2 for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled and filtered. The filtrate was diluted with water (150 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 150 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (150 mL), dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-10% EtOAc in PE, followed by a second purification on silica using a gradient of 0-100% DCM in PE to obtain the title compound (4.5 g, 60%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 236.1 (M-tBu+H). Preparation 162 Methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-aminophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate hydrochloride

[0271] A 0 °C solution of methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-((tert- butoxycarbonyl)amino)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (2.2 g, 7.5 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) was treated with 2 M HCl in MeOH (16 mL, 32 mmol) dropwise over 10 min. The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h before concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (1.5 g, 79%, 90% purity) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 191.9 (M+H). Preparation 163 Methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-(3-(4-fluorophenyl)ureido)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate

[0272] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 160 using methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-aminophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate hydrochloride and purifying by reverse phase prep-HPLC (XSelect® CSH C18, 30 × 150 mm, 5μm, 70 mL / min) eluting with 30-70% ACN / 10mM aq. NH4HCO3, pH10 (with 5% MeOH). ES-MS m / z 329.2 (M+H). Preparation 164 (1S,2S)-2-(4-(Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid H

[0273] A mixture of methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (3.5 g, 11 mmol) in ACN (35 mL) and water (35 mL) was treated with 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD, 3.2 g, 23 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 12 h. The reaction mixture was adjusted to pH7 with 1N aq. HCl. The resultant precipitate was collected by suction filtration, washed with water (10 ml), and dried under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (2.4 g, 72%) as a grey solid. ES-MS m / z 280.0 (M+H). Preparation 165 (1S,2S)-2-(4-(2-Methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid H

[0274] A solution of methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (2.10 g, 6.83 mmol) in THF (34 mL) was treated with water (4.9 mL) and 2M aq. LiOH (10.2 mL, 20.5 mmol) and stirred at 40 °C for 3h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, and 1M aq. HCl (30.7 mL, 30.7 mmol) was added. The mixture concentrated under a stream of N2 to remove organics and filtered, rinsing with copious amounts of water. The resultant tan solid was freeze-dried to obtain the title compound (1.73 g, 86%). ES- MS m / z 294.2 (M+H).

[0275] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 165. Alternatively, after acidification of the reaction mixture, the products can be directly filtered or extracted with EtOAc. These compounds can also be isolated without acidifying as their corresponding Li carboxylate salts. Table 13)a. RT, 24 h. b. 1.25 eq 2M aq. LiOH, 50 °C, 20 h, lyophilized to give the Li salt. c. 40 °C, 24 h. d. 12 eq 2M aq. LiOH, RT, overnight in 1:1 THF: MeOH, acidified with 12 eq 4M HCl / dioxane and concentrated. e. 13 eq 2M aq. LiOH, 45 °C, overnight in 1:1 THF: MeOH, acidified with 13 eq 4M HCl / dioxane, extracted with 4:1 CHCl3:IPA. f. 2:1 THF:MeOH, RT, 4 h, then acidified with 1M aq. HCl, extracted with EtOAc. g. 6 eq LiOH, 7 eq KOH, 75 °C, 4 d, then acidified with 1M aq. HCl, extracted with EtOAc. Preparation 174 (1S,2S)-2-(4-(3,3-Difluorocyclobutane-1-carboxamido)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid O

[0276] A mixture of 3,3-difluorocyclobutane-1-carboxamide (4.48 g, 33.2 mmol), (1S,2S)-2- (4-bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (prepared as described in US 2011 / 0201623 A1; 4.00 g, 16.6 mmol), XantPhos Pd G4 (CAS#1621274-19-8, 798 mg, 0.830 mmol), and Cs2CO3 (16.2 g, 49.8 mmol). The reaction flask was purged with N2(x2), and NMP (33.2 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was sparged with N2 for 10 min, warmed to 45 °C briefly, and then stirred at 80 °C for 20 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with water (300 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2 × 100 mL). The aq. layer was acidified to pH2 with 1M aq. HCl (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (4 × 100 mL). The organic layers were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 10-90% (10% EtOH / EtOAc) in heptanes (with 0.05% HOAc) to obtain the title compound (2.14 g, 44%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 296.2 (M+H).Preparation 175 (1S,2S)-2-(4-(4,4-Difluorocyclohexane-1-carboxamido)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid H

[0277] A mixture of 4,4-difluorocyclohexane-1-carboxamide (2.88 g, 17.6 mmol), XantPhos-Pd-G4 (CAS# 1621274-19-8, 736 mg, 0.764 mmol), and Cs2CO3 (11.5 g, 35.3 mmol) was purged with N2. NMP (23.5 mL) and methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1- carboxylate (3.00 g, 11.8 mmol) were added, and the resulting mixture was sparged with N2for 10 min, warmed to 50 °C briefly, and then stirred at 83 °C for 40 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and diluted with water (350 mL) and EtOAc (70 mL). The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 × 40 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give methyl (1S,2S)-2- (4-(4,4-difluorocyclohexane-1-carboxamido)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate. ES-MS m / z 338.2 (M+H). The residue was suspended in THF (40 mL), water (10 mL) and 2M aq. LiOH (17.6 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, concentrated under reduced pressure, and diluted with EtOAc (100 mL), 1.0M aq. HCl (100 mL) and water (50 mL). The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 × 75 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 10-90% (10% EtOH / EtOAc) in heptanes (with 0.05% HOAc) to obtain the title compound (1.83 g, 48%) as an off-white solid. ES-MS m / z 324.2 (M+H). Preparation 176 (1S,2S)-2-(4-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid H

[0278] A mixture of methyl (1S,2S)-2-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (1.00 g, 3.31 mmol) and trimethylstannanol (1.80 g, 9.93 mmol) in DCE (10 mL) was stirred at 80 °C overnight then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between EtOAc and water, and the organic layer was washed with 1N aq. HCl, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound. ES-MS m / z 287.2 (M-H). Preparation 177 tert-Butyl 2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-methylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate (mixture of cis / trans enantiomeric pairs)

[0279] A mixture of 1-bromo-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)benzene (1.0 g, 5.1 mmol) and rhodium(II) acetate (0.22 g, 0.51 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was treated with tert-butyl 2-diazoacetate (0.87 g, 6.1 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 18 °C for 16 h, then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-8% EtOAc in PE to obtain the title compound (1.6 g, 19%, 75% purity) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 255,257 (M-t-Bu+H). Preparation 178 tert-Butyl 2-methyl-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1- carboxylate (mixture of cis / trans enantiomeric pairs)

[0280] To a mixture of tert-butyl-2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-methylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate (mixture of cis / trans enantiomeric pairs, 395 mg, 952 μmol, 75% purity) and (2-methyl-2H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)boronic acid (168 mg, 952 μmol) in 1,4-dioxane (6 mL) and water (0.6 mL) was added Na2CO3 (0.14 mL, 1.90 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl2 (104 mg, 143 μmol). After stirring at 90 °C for 16 h under N2, the reaction mixture was cooled, diluted with EtOAc (8 mL)and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-6% MeOH in DCM to obtain the title compound (371 mg, 95%, 89% purity) as a brown oil. ES-MS m / z 364.3 (M+H). Preparation 179 2-Methyl-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (mixture of cis / trans enantiomeric pairs) O

[0281] A solution of tert-butyl 2-methyl-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (mixture of cis / trans enantiomeric pairs, 365 mg, 894 μmol, 89% purity) in DCM (3 mL) was treated with TFA (1.00 mL, 13.0 mmol), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (278 mg, 91%, 90% purity) as a brown oil. ES-MS m / z 308.2 (M+H). Preparation 180 Methyl (R)-2-amino-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate hydrochloride N

[0282] A solution of (R)-2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanoic acid (180 g, 593 mmol) in MeOH (1.26 L) was treated with SOCl2 (141 g, 1.19 mol), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 70 °C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in MeOH (1.0 L) and Pd / C (50 wt%, 100 g) was added. The suspension was degassed and purged with H2 (3x) and stirred under H2(0.14 MPa) at 25 °C for 12 h. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (130 g, 87%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 184.1 (M+H).Preparation 181 Methyl (R)-2-((1S,2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamido)-3-(1-methyl-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate

[0283] To a mixture of HATU (5.13 g, 13.5 mmol) and (1S,2S)-2-(4- bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (prepared as described in US 2011 / 0201623 A1; 2.50 g, 10.4 mmol) under N2was added DMF (40 mL), methyl (R)-2-amino-3-(1-methyl-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate HCl (2.9 g, 11.4 mmol), and DIEA (11 mL, 62 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 15 h, then poured into sat. aq. NaHCO3 (100 mL) and EtOAc (50 ml). The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 × 50 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (2 × 30 mL) then sat. aq. NaCl (30 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-5% MeOH in DCM to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound (5.0 g, 76% purity) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 406,408 (M+H). Preparation 182 (R)-3-(1-Methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1S,2S)-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamido)propanoic acid H

[0284] A mixture of 1,4-dioxane (70 mL) and water (23 mL) was sparged with N2 for 10 min then added to a mixture of methyl (R)-2-((1S,2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1- carboxamido)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate (3.80 g, 9.35 mmol), (2-methyl-2H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)boronic acid (2.65 g, 15.0 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2(764 mg, 935 μmol), and Cs2CO3 (9.75 g, 29.9 mmol) under N2. The resulting mixture was stirred at 90 °C for27 h, then cooled to RT, acidified with 1M aq. HCl to ~pH3, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was azeotroped with toluene then purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-38% (20% MeOH / DCM with 2% HOAc) in DCM. Repeated azeotroping with MeOH / toluene gave the title compound (1.9 g, 45%) as a tan solid. ES-MS m / z 445.2 (M+H). Preparation 183 1-(4-Bromobenzyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium bromide Br

[0285] A mixture of p-bromobenzyl bromide (200 g, 784 mmol), acetone (2L), and tetrahydrothiophene (104 g, 1.18 mol) was stirred at 25 °C for 32 h. The resulting precipitate was filtered, rinsed with acetone (2 × 1L) and triturated by stirring with acetone (1L) at 25 °C for 16 h. Filtered to obtain the title compound (182 g, 66%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 257,259 (M+). Preparation 184 rac-(trans)-1-(4-Bromophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one O

[0286] To a mixture of 3-methylenedihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (30.0 g, 291 mmol), DCM (600 mL), and 1-(4-bromobenzyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium bromide (102 g, 291 mmol) at 0 °C, was added 1M lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide in THF (262 mL, 262 mmol) dropwise (until the mixture cleared) over 30 min. The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at 35 °C (internal temperature), then cooled and treated with sat. aq. NH4Cl (60 mL). Water (300 mL) was added, and the layers were separated. The aq. layer was extracted with DCM (3 × 300 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl (300 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated by stirring with MTBE (152 mL) at 25 °C for 8 h. Filtration gave the title compound (63 g, 79%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 267,269 (M+H). Analytical SFC 1:1 mixture, Rt =2.10, 2.29 min (Chiralpak® AD-3, 4.6 × 150 mm, 3 μm, column temperature 35 °C, 220 nm, flow rate 2.5 mL / min, isocratic 20% EtOH (with0.2% 7M NH3 in MeOH): 80% CO2; Waters® ACQUITY UPC2® with PDA). Preparation 185 rac-(trans)-2-(4-Bromophenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid OH O Br OH

[0287] A mixture of rac-(trans)-1-(4-bromophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one (45.1 g, 167 mmol) in THF (300 mL) and water (150 mL) was treated with LiOH (12.0 g, 501 mmol) then stirred at 25 °C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was partially concentrated to remove the THF, and 1N HCl was added until pH= 3. The resulting suspension was filtered, and the filter cake was washed with water (400 mL) then triturated with water (225 mL) at 25 °C. The suspension was filtered, and the filter cake was dried under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (41 g, 86% yield) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 285,287 (M+H). Analytical SFC 1:1 mixture, Rt =2.59, 3.36 min (Chiralpak® AD-3, 4.6 × 150 mm, 3 μm, column temperature 35 °C, 220 nm, flow rate 2.5 mL / min, isocratic 20% EtOH (with 0.2% 7M NH3 in MeOH): 80% CO2; Waters® ACQUITY UPC2® with PDA). Preparation 186 (S)-1-(Naphthalen-1-yl)ethan-1-amine (1R,2R)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(2- hydroxyethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate

[0288] A mixture of rac-(trans)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclopropane-1- carboxylic acid (31.0 g, 108 mmol) in methyl acetate (930 mL) was stirred at 25 °C for 10 min. (S)-1-(1-Naphthyl)ethylamine (9.59 mL, 59.5 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 16 h at 27 °C (internal temperature). The resulting precipitate was filtered, then triturated by stirring with MTBE (210 mL) at 25 °C for 6 h. Filtration gave the title compound (19.7 g, 40%) as a white solid.

[0289] A sample of the title compound (5 mg) was dissolved in water (1 mL) and adjusted topH=3 with 1N aq. HCl. The resulting solid was filtered and used for analytical SFC ~98% ee, Rt =3.31 min, isomer 2 (Chiralpak® AD-3, 4.6 × 150 mm, 3 μm, column temperature 35 °C, 220 nm, flow rate 2.5 mL / min, isocratic 20% EtOH (with 0.2% 7M NH3 / MeOH): 80% CO2; Waters® ACQUITY UPC2® with PDA). Preparation 187 (1R,3R)-1-(4-Bromophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one O

[0290] A mixture of (S)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethan-1-amine (1R,2R)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(2- hydroxyethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (80.0 g, 175 mmol) in ACN (400 mL) was treated with 12 M HCl (161 mL) dropwise, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 2 h. Water (1.2 L) was added and stirring was continued at 25 °C for 3 h. The resulting suspension was filtered to obtain the title compound (42.8 g, 91%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 267,269 (M+H). Analytical SFC ~97% ee, Rt =2.12 min, isomer 1 (Chiralpak® AD-3, 4.6 × 150 mm, 3 μm, column temperature 35 °C, 220 nm, flow rate 2.5 mL / min; 20% EtOH (with 0.2% 7M NH3in MeOH): 80% CO2; Waters® ACQUITY UPC2® with PDA). Preparation 188 (1R,3R)-1-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one O

[0291] A mixture of (1R,3R)-1-(4-bromophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one (663 mg, 3.74 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (411 mg, 0.562 mmol), Cs2CO3 (2.44 g, 7.49 mmol), (2-methyl-2H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)boronic acid (663 mg, 3.7 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (34 mL) and water (3.4 mL) was sparged with N2for 5 min. After stirring at 80 °C for 1.5 h, the reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with DCM, and washed with water. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gelchromatography using a gradient of 0-3% MeOH in DCM, then recrystallized from EtOAc to obtain the title compound (855 mg, 72%) as a tan solid. ES-MS m / z 320.0 (M+H). Preparation 189 1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium bromide

[0292] A mixture of 4-bromo-1-(bromomethyl)-2-fluorobenzene (20 g, 75 mmol), acetone (200 mL) and tetrahydrothiophene (9.9 g, 0.11 mol) was stirred at RT for 24 h. The resulting precipitate was filtered and rinsed with acetone (200 mL). The collected solids were stirred in acetone (300 mL) at RT for 1 h. The mixture was filtered, and the solids were dried under reduced pressure at RT. All filtrates were combined, concentrated to ~50 mL, and stirred for 3 days. Acetone (100 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 10 min, then filtered. The collected solids were rinsed with acetone (50 mL) and dried under reduced pressure at RT overnight. The two portions of white solids were combined to obtain the title compound (23.6 g, 89%). ES-MS m / z 275 / 277 (M+). Preparation 190 rac-(trans)-1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one O

[0293] A mixture of 3-methylenedihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (7.7 g, 78 mmol), DCM (148 mL), DMSO (50 mL) and 1-(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium bromide (18.46 g, 51.84 mmol) under N2 was stirred at 0 °C and treated with 1M LiHMDS in THF (78 mL, 78 mmol) dropwise, keeping the internal reaction temp below 7°C. After the addition was complete, stirring was continued at 0 °C for 30 min. The cold reaction mixture was poured into a stirring mixture of ice / water (200 mL) and DCM (200 mL). The biphasic mixture was stirred for 1 h, warming to 12 °C in that time. The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with DCM (200 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water (200 mL), then sat. aq.NaCl (200 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-20% EtOAc in cyclohexane to obtain the title compound (8.33 g, 56%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 2845,287 (M+H). Preparation 191 (1S,3R)-1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one O

[0294] Chiral separation of rac-(trans)-1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan- 4-one (3.77 g) was performed by SFC (CHIRALPAK® IG, 30 × 250 mm, 5µm, column temp 40 °C, flow rate 100 mL / min using a gradient of 20% MeOH in CO2for 6.5 min) to obtain the first eluting isomer as the title compound (1.68 g, white solid).97.8% ee. ES-MS m / z 285,287 (M+H). Preparation 192 (1S,3R)-1-(2-Fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-5- oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one O

[0295] A mixture of (2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)boronic acid (2.22 g, 12.5 mmol), (1S,3R)-1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one (Isomer 1, 2.38 g, 8.35 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (5.44 g, 16.7 mmol), in 1,4-dioxane (75 mL) and water (7.5 mL) was sparged with N2for 5 min. Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2(916 mg, 1.25 mmol) was added and the resulting mixture was stirring at 90 °C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and diluted with water (200 mL) and EtOAc (200 mL). The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 200 mL). The organic layers were combined, filtered through a plug of Na2SO4and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-50% (10% MeOH / EtOAc) in cyclohexane, then switching to 0-40% (10%MeOH / EtOAc) in EtOAc to obtain the title compound (2.55 g, 91%) as a brown solid. ES-MS m / z 338.0 (M+H). Example 1 (1S,2S)-N-((R)-1-((1-(5-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide F

[0296] A mixture of (1S,2S)-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (805 mg, 2.74 mmol) and (R)-2-amino-N-(1-(5- bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanamide (1.20 g, 2.74 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was treated with DIEA (1.43 mL, 8.23 mmol) and HATU (1.25 g, 3.29 mmol). After 3 h at RT, the reaction mixture was quenched with water and concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 20-100% (3:1 EtOAc / EtOH) in DCM to obtain the title compound (1.25 g, 64%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 712,714 (M+H).

[0297] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Example 1 using the appropriate carboxylic acid or Li carboxylate salt and the appropriate amine or amine salt. (1S,2S)-2-(4-Bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid was prepared as described in US 2011 / 0201623 A1. Reactants can be added in different orders or in differing equivalency. DMA is a suitable replacement for DMF. Reaction times may vary (30 min to overnight), and differing methods can be used to work up or purify the compounds (normal phase, or high, neutral or low pH reversed phase). Such variances would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 14Preparation 200 (1S,2S)-2-(4-Bromophenyl)-N-((R)-1-((1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3- (imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide

[0298] A mixture of (1S,2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (prepared as described in US 2011 / 0201623 A1; 250 mg, 1.0 mmol) and propanephosphonic acid anhydride (50% in EtOAc, 0.76 mL, 1.3 mmol) in THF (7 mL) was treated with DIEA (1.1 mL, 6.2 mmol). After stirring for 1 min, (R)-2-amino-N-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3- (imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)propanamide (531 mg, 1.24 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 days, then diluted with sat. aq. NaHCO3and EtOAc. The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 10 mL), and the organic layers were combined, washed with sat. aq. NaCl, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (472 mg, 79%) as a yellow foam. ES-MS m / z 578,580 (M+H). Preparation 201 (1S,2S)-N-((R)-3-(Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-1-((2-methyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-2-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2- dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide F

[0299] A mixture of PdCl2(dppf) (DCM adduct, 102 mg, 125 µmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (790 mg, 3.11 mmol), KOAc (489 mg, 4.98 mmol), and (1S,2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-N-((R)-3- (imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-1-((2-methyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2- yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide (770 mg, 1.25 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (8.3 mL) was sparged with N2 for 5 min, then heated to 80 °C for 2 h. The reaction mixture wasfiltered and carried forward as a solution of the title compound (approximately 0.15 M, quantitative yield). ES-MS m / z 666 (M+H).

[0300] The compounds in the table below were prepared as described in Preparation 200 using the appropriate aryl bromide. Table 15Example 7 (trans)-N-((R)-1-((1-(5-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-2-(5-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide, Isomer 2 F F

[0301] To a mixture of (2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)boronic acid (76 mg, 0.43 mmol) and (trans)-N-((R)-1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan- 2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-2-(5-bromothiophen-2- yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide (mixture of 2 diastereomers, 280 mg, 420 μmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (18 mg, 25 μmol), and Cs2CO3 (250 mg, 767 μmol) was added 3:11,4- dioxane / water (5 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 5 min, then at 90 °C for 1h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with 1,4-dioxane (6 mL) and EtOAc (6 mL), and stirred. The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was acidified to pH3 with 1N aq. HCl (~0.7 mL) before extracting with EtOAc (3 × 30 mL). All organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reversed phaseprep-HPLC (Waters® XSelect® CSH C18, 30 × 150 mm, 5μm, 60 mL / min) eluting with 25-50% ACN in 10 mM aq. NH4HCO3, pH = 10 (with 5% MeOH) over 20 min to obtain the second eluting isomer as the title compound (100 mg, 31%). ES-MS m / z 718,720 (M+H). Example 8 (1S,2S)-2-(4-(7-Methyl-1,8-naphthyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-N-((2R)-1-((2-methyl-1-(5-(2-(tetrahydro- 2H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)- 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide F

[0302] To a mixture of 6-bromo-2-methyl-1,8-naphthyridine (15 mg, 67 μmol), (1S,2S)-N- ((R)-1-((2-methyl-1-(5-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)- 1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-2-(4- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide (40 mg, 45 μmol, 87% purity), Cs2CO3 (44 mg, 0.14 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl2 (10 mg, 14 μmol) under N2, was added N2 sparged 4:11,4-dioxane / water (1 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at 90 °C for 2h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, quenched with water, then extracted with EA. The layers were separated, and the organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (100 mg, 31%) as a dark- brown oil. ES-MS m / z 718.2 / 720.1 (M+H). Preparation 205 (1S,2S)-2-(4-Aminophenyl)-N-((R)-1-((1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1- methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide hydrochlorideF

[0303] A solution of tert-butyl (4-((1S,2S)-2-(((R)-1-((1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2- yl)carbamoyl)cyclopropyl)phenyl)carbamate (380 mg, 559 μmol, 85% purity) in MeOH (1 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) was treated with 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (1.40 mL, 5.59 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 4 h then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound (390 mg, 75% purity) as yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 478.1 (M+H). Preparation 206 (1R,2S)-1-(2-Chloroethyl)-N-((R)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((1-(5-(5-fluoro-1- methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-2-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide F

[0304] A mixture of (1S,3R)-1-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one (200 mg, 593 μmol) and benzyltriethylammonium chloride (270 mg, 1.19 mmol) in DCE (5 mL) was treated with SOCl2 (176 μL, 2.39 mmol) followed by BF3·Et2O (148 μL, 1.18 mmol). After stirring at 80 °C overnight, the reaction mixture was cooled to RT and concentrated under reduced pressure. DCE (5 mL) was added, andthe mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of (1R,2R)-1- (2-chloroethyl)-2-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1- carbonyl chloride as a light-brown solid. In a separate vessel, a mixture of (R)-2-amino-3-(1- (difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-(1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)propanamide hydrochloride (350 mg, 591 μmol) in DCM (10 mL) was stirred at 0 °C and treated with TEA (579 μL, 4.15 mmol). A suspension of (1R,2R)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carbonyl chloride (593 μmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added dropwise. The cooling bath was removed, and the reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 30 min. EtOAc (100 mL) and cold water (100 mL) were added, and the layers were separated. The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (100 mL), and the organic layers were combined, washed with water (3 × 100 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as a light-brown solid. ES-MS m / z 875 (M+H).

[0305] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 206 using the appropriate lactone and appropriate amine or amine salt. DIEA is a suitable replacement for TEA. Slight variations to the reaction conditions and purification methods would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 16a. purification on silica with 0-15% MeOH in EtOAc. b. purification on silica with 0-5% MeOH in DCM. c. used DIEA instead of TEA, purification on silica with 0-40% MeOH in DCM. Example 9 (2R)-N-(2-Methyl-1-(5-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)- 1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1R,3R)-1-(4-(2-methyl-2H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)propanamide N

[0306] A mixture of (1R,2R)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-N-((2R)-1-((2-methyl-1-(5-(tetrahydro-2H- pyran-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1- carboxamide (338 mg, 399 μmol) and Cs2CO3 (520 mg, 1.60 mmol) in NMP (8 mL) was stirred for 18 h at RT. The reaction mixture was added dropwise slowly to rapidly stirring water (150 mL). Suction filtration of the resulting mixture gave a quantitative yield of the title compound (340 mg) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 811.2 (M+H). Example 10 (R)-N-(1-(5-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-3-(1- (difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1R,3R)-1-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)propanamide r

[0307] The title compound was prepared as described in Example 9 using (1R,2R)-N-((R)-1- ((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1- (difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide and stirring for 5 days, followed by reversed phase flash purification (150 g, C18 using a gradient of 50-100% ACN in water (with 0.1% FA). ES-MS m / z 774,776 (M+H). Preparation 210 N-(2,2-Dimethoxyethyl)-N-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide O

[0308] To a solution of 1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid (7.00 g, 62.4 mmol), 2,2-dimethoxy- N-methylethan-1-amine (8.19 g, 68.7 mmol) and HATU (30.9 g, 81.2 mmol) in DMA (70.0 mL) was added DIEA (43.0 mL, 250 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred at 26 °C for 16 hand then diluted with water (300 mL). The reaction mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3 × 300 mL), and the combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (3 × 300 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 0-60% EtOAc in heptane to obtain the title compound (14.5 g, 54%, 50% purity) as a yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 214 (M+H). Preparation 211 5-Methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-4(5H)-one O

[0309] A mixture of N-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-N-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (14.5 g, 33.9 mmol, 50 wt%) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (6.45 g, 33.9 mmol) in toluene (100 mL) was stirred at 130 °C for 16 h. Upon conversion, the pH of the mixture was adjusted to ~ 8 with saturated aq. NaHCO3, then the mixture was diluted with water (150 mL) and extracted with DCM (3 × 100 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-57% EtOAc in heptane to obtain the title compound (6.00 g, 95%, 80% purity) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 150.0 (M+H). Preparation 212 7-Bromo-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrazin-4(5H)-one O

[0310] To a mixture of 5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrazin-4(5H)-one (2.00 g, 80 wt%, 10.7 mmol) in DMF (20.0 mL) was added NBS (2.10 g, 11.8 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed and refilled with N2 × 3, cooled to 0 °C and then stirred at 0 °C for 1 h under N2. The reaction mixture was then diluted with water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (2 × 100 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gelchromatography using a gradient of 0-32% EtOAc in heptane to obtain the title compound (1.31 g, 50%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 228,230 (M+H) Preparation 213 tert-Butyl (1-(5-(1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocan-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate H

[0311] A mixture of 1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (9.3 g, 24 mmol) in 2-MeTHF (25 mL) was stirred at RT under nitrogen and a solution of 2,2'-azanediylbis(ethan-1-ol) (2.47 g, 23.5 mmol) in IPA (2.5 mL) was added dropwise. The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 1 h. Then the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with MTBE (50 mL) and 2-MeTHF (10 mL) at RT for 1 h, filtered and dried under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (6.8g, 66%) as a white solid.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.42 (br s, 1H), 7.28 (br s, 1H), 6.56 (s, 1H), 4.25 (s, 2H), 3.88 (td, J = 9.2, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.76 (ddd, J = 9.6, 6.4, 3.6 Hz, 2H), 3.12 - 3.26 (m, 2H), 2.84 - 3.02 (m, 2H), 1.34 (s, 9H), 1.25 (s, 6H). Preparation 214 3-Fluoro-1-(methyl-d3)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one F O

[0312] To a stirring suspension of 3-fluoro-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2- yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one (193 mg, 807 μmol) and Potassium carbonate (277 mg, 2.00 mmol) in DMF (1 mL), iodomethane-d3 (233 mg, 1.61 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture wasstirred at RT for 18h under air, diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (10 mL). The organic layer was washed with sat. aq. NaCl (10 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (35 mg, 17 %) as a beige solid. ES-MS m / z 257.2 (M+H). Preparation 215 tert-Butyl (2-methyl-1-(5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0313] In a N2-filled glovebox, bis(pinacolato)diborane (5.5 g, 22 mmol), [Ir(OMe)(1,5- cod)]2(0.36 g, 0.55 mmol) and 4,4′-bis(tert-butyl)-2,2′-bipyridine (0.29 g, 1.1 mmol) were added into a dried reaction vial. Degassed 2-MeTHF (40 mL) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 30 min. Then, a solution of tert-butyl (2-methyl-1-(3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)carbamate (5.7 g, 18 mmol) in 2-MeTHF (60 mL) was added to the catalyst solution. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 70 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-1% MeOH in DCM to obtain the title compound (7.1 g, 86 %) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 434.3 (M+H). Preparation 216 tert-Butyl (1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate

[0314] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 15 using tert-butyl (1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate, 3-fluoro-1- methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one (0.95 eq), Na2CO3 (3 eq) and Pd(dppf)Cl2(0.2 eq) at 90 °C for 12h. The reaction mixture was cooled down to RT, filtered and the filter cake was washed with EtOAc. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-40% EtOAc in PE. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-45% EtOAc in DCM to obtain the title compound (7.1 g, 86 %) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 433.0 (M+H). Preparation 217 tert-Butyl (1-(5-(1-(cyanomethyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamateN

[0315] To a solution of (1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (75 mg, 88 wt%, 0.19 mmol), 2-(3-bromo-2- oxopyridin-1(2H)-yl)acetonitrile (81 mg, 0.38 mmol), and Pd(dppf)Cl2 (18 mg, 28 μmol) in 1,4- dioxane (1.3 mL) was added K3PO4(2.5 M aq. solution, 0.26 mL, 0.66 mmol). The resulting mixture was sparged with argon for 2 min, then stirred at 90 °C for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under a stream of nitrogen, then diluted with DCM (5 mL). To the resulting mixture was added both SiliaMetS-thiol (60 mg) and SiliaMetS-Thiourea (60 mg) palladiumscavengers. The mixture was shaken at 40 °C for 30 min, then filtered through a 3 g diatomaceous earth SPE cartridge. The cartridge was rinsed with DCM (20 mL) and EtOAc (5 mL). The filtrate was concentrated under a stream of nitrogen. The residue was purified by reverse phase prep-HPLC (Phenomenex Kinetex EVO C18, 30 × 100 mm, 5 μm) eluting with 33-67% ACN in water (with 0.1% FA) over 6 min to obtain the title compound (59 mg, 68%) as a brown solid. ES-MS m / z 340.2 (M+H-Boc).

[0316] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 217 using the appropriate aryl halide coupling partners. Reactants can be added in different orders or in differing equivalency. K2CO3is a suitable replacement of K3PO4. Reaction times may vary, and differing methods can be used to work up or purify the compounds (normal phase, high or low pH prep-HPLC). Such variances would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 17a. 2.5 eq of the aryl halide was used. b. The product was purified by reverse phase prep-HPLC (Phenomenex Kinetex EVO C18, 30 × 100 mm, 5 μm) eluting with a gradient of ACN in 10 mM aq. NH4HCO3 (with 5% MeOH). c. 1.5 eq of the aryl halide was used, XPhos Pd G4 (0.1 eq) was used as catalyst, K2CO3 (3.0 eq) was used as base, and MeOH / H2O (10:1) was used as solvent, and the reaction was heated to 70 °C for 2 h; d. 3 eq K3PO4 (2.5 M aq.) was used as base, and the reaction was heated to 90 °C for 3.5 h. Preparation 228 tert-Butyl (1-(5-(8-fluoroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-6-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamateF

[0317] A mixture of 6-bromo-8-fluoroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (39 mg, 0.18 mmol) and BrettPhos Pd G3 (17 mg, 19 μmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.1 mL), IPA (300 μL) and Na2CO3 (1 M aq. solution, 0.50 mL, 0.50 mmol) was stirred at RT for 5 min. The mixture was purged with N2 and tert-butyl (1-(5-(1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocan-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (70 mg, 0.17 mmol) was added. The mixture was heated at 65 °C for 16 h. Sat. aq. NaCl was added, then the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3 mL). The organic layer was separated, filtered through diatomaceous earth, and concentrated under a stream of N2to provide the title compound (74 mg, quantitative yield). ES-MS m / z 442 (M+H). Preparation 229 tert-Butyl (1-(5-(6-cyano-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)- 2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate O H

[0318] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 228 using 5-bromo-6- oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carbonitrile. ES-MS m / z 352 (M+H-Boc). Preparation 230 tert-Butyl (2-methyl-1-(5-(1-(methyl-d3)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)carbamateD D

[0319] A mixture of XPhos Pd G4 (18 mg, 0.021 mmol), 5-bromo-1-(methyl-d3)pyridin- 2(1H)-one, and an aq. solution of K3PO4 (2.0 M, 0.38 mL, 0.76 mmol), then the vial was flushed with argon. An argon-sparged solution of (1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid (75 mg, 0.21 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.9 mL) and EtOH (0.21 mL) was added to the reaction mixture. The resulting mixture was purged with argon for 10 min, then the reaction vessel was sealed and the mixture heated to 80 °C for 7 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under a stream of nitrogen and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-35% 3:1 EtOAc / EtOH in heptane to obtain the title compound (54 mg, 60%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 362 (M+H). Preparation 231 tert-Butyl (2-methyl-1-(5-(5-methyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-7-yl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)carbamate

[0320] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 230 using 7-bromo-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-4(5H)-one, 0.2 eq XPhos Pd G3 as catalyst, 1,4-dioxane / H2O (10:1) as solvent, and the reaction was heated at 70 °C for 16 h. The product was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-50% EtOAc in hexanes. ES-MS m / z 355 (M+H- Boc).Preparation 232 5-(1-(2-Amino-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-fluoro-1-methylpyridin- 2(1H)-one hydrochloride F

[0321] A solution of tert-butyl (1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (23.5 g, 51.6 mmol) in 1,4- dioxane (50 mL) and MeOH (50 mL) was treated with 2M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (129 mL, 258 mmol). After stirring for 2 h at RT, the mixture was concentrated to obtain the title compound (19.0 g, quantitative yield) as a white solid. ES-MS (m / z) 333 (M+H).

[0322] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 232 using the appropriate tert-butyl carbamate.4 M HCl in 1,4-dioxane could be a replacement of 2M HCl in 1,4-dioxane. Varying reaction times, eq of HCl, and solvents (DCM, MeOH) can be used, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. The deprotected amines were isolated as the corresponding hydrochloride salt. The compounds may have been used without determination of the number of equivalents of HCl. Table 18a. The volatiles were removed under a stream of nitrogen to obtain the product. b. Using 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (8 eq), DCM was used as solvent, 1 h reaction time. c. Using 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (30 eq), DCM was used as solvent, 2 h reaction time. d. Using 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (12 eq), DCM was used as solvent, 2 h reaction time. e. Using 2M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (30 eq), MeOH was used as solvent, 1 h reaction time. To the residue was added DCM and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 10 min. Then the mixture was filtered, the filter cake was washed with DCM (2 × 5 mL). The filter cake was dried in reduced pressure to give the product. f. Using 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (9 eq), DCM was used as solvent, 1.5 h reaction time. g. Using 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (18 eq), DCM was as solvent, 4 days reaction time. The volatiles were removed under a stream of nitrogen and the residue was dissolved in MeOH and loaded to a strong cation exchange SPE cartridge. The cartridge was eluted with MeOH and then 7 M NH3 in MeOH. The fractions containing the product were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure. h. Using 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (8 eq), MeOH was used as solvent, 5.5 h reaction time. i. The nitrile was converted to the primary amide under these reaction conditions. Preparation 246 2-(3-(1-(2-Amino-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxopyridin-1(2H)- yl)acetonitrileN

[0323] A solution of tert-butyl (1-(5-(1-(cyanomethyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (59 mg, 0.13 mmol) in DCM (4 mL) was treated with TFA (25 mL, 0.32 mmol), and the resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h. TFA (1 drop) was added and the mixture was stirred at RT for 22 h. TFA (1 drop) was added and the mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h. The reaction was then quenched with NaHCO3 (1 M) and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with DCM (2.5 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was placed in a vacuum oven at 50 °C for 30 min to provide the title compound (37 mg, 41% yield) as a white foam. ES-MS m / z 340 (M+H).

[0324] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 246 from the appropriate tert-butyl carbamate. Varying reaction times and eq of TFA, can be used, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 19 )a. 10 eq of TFA was used, 16 h reaction time, strong cation exchange was performed instead of aqueous workup. b. tert-Butyl (1-(5-(6-cyano-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol- 1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate was used as starting material – the nitrile was converted to the primary amide under these reaction conditions.Preparation 249 2-(6-Bromo-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)propan-2-olr

[0325] A mixture of 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutan-2-one (1.1 mL, 10 mmol) and 2-amino-5- bromonicotinaldehyde (2.0 g, 10 mmol) in EtOH (50 mL) was treated with NaOH (5.0 M aq. solution, 1.9 mL, 9.5 mmol). The mixture was heated to reflux and stirred for 1h. Then the mixture was cooled down to RT, solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting solid was washed with water and dried overnight under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (2.3 g, 87%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 267,269 (M+H). Preparation 250 6-Bromo-3-methoxy-2-methyl-1,8-naphthyridine Br

[0326] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 249 using 1- methoxypropan-2-one and 2-amino-5-bromonicotinaldehyde. ES-MS m / z 253,255 (M+H). Preparation 251 tert-Butyl 3-(5-bromo-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-2-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate r

[0327] A mixture of 5-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (1.00 g, 5.05 mmol) in THF (15 mL) at 0 °C was treated with sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide solution (7.0 mL, 6.06 mmol, 1 M in THF) dropwise followed by tert-butyl 3-bromoazetidine-1-carboxylate (2.38 g, 10.1 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to RT and stirred at RT for 3 days. NaI (757 mg, 5.05 mmol) was added followed by DMF (10 mL), and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 3 days. Then the reaction mixture was heated at 70 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with water, and extracted with EtOAc twice. The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated underreduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 20- 50% EtOAc in cyclohexane to obtain the title compound (second-eluting minor isomer, 410 mg, 23%) as an off-white solid. ES-MS m / z 353,355 (M+H). Preparation 252 2-(Azetidin-3-yl)-5-bromo-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine Br

[0328] A mixture of tert-butyl 3-(5-bromo-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-2-yl)azetidine-1- carboxylate (360 mg, 1.02 mmol) in DCM (6 mL) was cooled at 0 °C and TFA (2 mL) was added dropwise at 0 °C. The resulting mixture was allowed to warm to RT, stirred at RT for 2 h, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with DCM, cooled down in an ice bath, and basified with sat. aq. NaHCO3to ~pH 8. The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with DCM one more time and 3:1 CHCl3 / IPA three times. The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (160 mg, 62%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 253,255 (M+H). Preparation 253 5-Bromo-2-(1-methylazetidin-3-yl)-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine Br

[0329] A mixture of 2-(azetidin-3-yl)-5-bromo-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (160 mg, 632 μmol) in DCM (3 mL) and MeOH (3 mL) was stirred at 0 °C and formaldehyde (500 μL, 6.53 mmol, 36% in water) was added dropwise followed by HOAc (0.1 mL, 2 mmol) . The resulting mixture was allowed to warm to RT and stirred at RT for 1 h. Then the reaction mixture was cooled down in an ice bath, and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (268 mg, 1.26 mmol) was added portion wise. After 10 min, the reaction mixture was basified with sat. aq. NaHCO3 to pH 8. The resulting mixture was diluted with 50% MeOH in DCM, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained oil was dissolved in MeOH and loaded to 5 g strong cation exchange resin. The resin was eluted with MeOH and then 7 M NH3 in MeOH. The fractions with desired product were combined and concentrated under reducedpressure to obtain the title compound (169 mg, quantitative yield) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 267,269 (M+H). Preparation 254 2-(5-Bromo-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-2-yl)ethan-1-ol Br

[0330] A mixture of 5-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (200 mg, 1.01 mmol), 2- bromoethan-1-ol (252 mg, 2.02 mmol), NaI (151 mg, 1.01 mmol) and potassium tert-butoxide (170 mg, 1.52 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was stirred at 140 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with water (30 mL), and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reversed phase prep-HPLC (Kinetex® EVO C18, 30 × 100 mm, 5μm, 85 mL / min) using a gradient of 5-39% ACN in 10 mM aq. NH4HCO3(with 5% MeOH) to obtain the title compound (71 mg, 29 %) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 242,244 (M+H). Preparation 255 2-Methyl-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine

[0331] To a mixture of 6-bromo-2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine (0.300 g, 1.42 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (1.46 g, 5.76 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2(0.172 g, 0.210 mmol), KOAc (0.422 g, 4.30 mmol) were added 1,4-dioxane (5.00 mL) and purged with N2for 5 mins. The resulting mixture was then stirred at 90 °C overnight under N2. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT to give the title compound which was used as a solution. ES-MS m / z 260 (M+H). Preparation 256 5-(5-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridineC

[0332] 2-Methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine (700 mg, 2.70 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2(221 mg, 270 μmol), 2-bromo-5-chloro-4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine (1.06 g, 4.05 mmol), and cesium carbonate (3.87 g, 11.9 mmol) were all combined in 1,4-dioxane / water (3:1) (10 mL). The suspension was sparged with N2 for 5 min, then heated to 90 °C and held at this temperature for 1.0 h. The reaction was then cooled to RT, diluted with 12 mL of EtOAc and stirred. The organic extract was passed through sodium sulfate and 8 grams of Silicycle SiliMetS® Thiol metal scavenger, then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as a brown oil. ES-MS m / z 314 (M+H). Preparation 257 5-(5-Chloro-6-(difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine F

[0333] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 256 using 6-bromo-3- chloro-2-(difluoromethyl)pyridine (stirring for 2 h). ES-MS m / z 295 (M+H). Preparation 258 Ethyl (1S,2S)-2-(2-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-5- yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate O

[0334] Catacxium Pd G4 (200 mg, 270 μmol), 5-(5-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2- yl)-2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (847 mg, 2.70 mmol), ethyl (1S,2S)-2-(trifluoro-l4- boraneyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate, potassium salt (1.19 g, 5.40 mmol) and cesium carbonate(2.64 g, 648 μL, 8.10 mmol) were combined in toluene (8 mL). The mixture was evacuated and backfilled with N2, water (0.8 mL) was added, and then evacuated and backfilled again with N2. The reaction vessel was sealed and heated to 80 °C for 16 h, then filtered and purified by reverse phase flash chromatography using a gradient of 30-100% ACN / 10 mM aq. NH4HCO3 (w / 5% MeOH) to obtain the title compound (887 mg, 84 %) as a brown solid. ES-MS m / z 392 (M+H). Preparation 259 Ethyl (1S,2S)-2-(2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)pyridin-3- yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate O

[0335] Prepared in a similar manner to Preparation 258 using 5-(5-chloro-6- (difluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (stirring for 7 h) to afford the title compound (238 mg, 21% ) as a light brown solid. ES-MS m / z 373.0 (M+H). Preparation 260 (1S,2S)-2-(2-(2-Methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-5- yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid O

[0336] Ethyl (1S,2S)-2-(2-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)-4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-5-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (887 mg, 2.27 mmol) and lithium hydroxide hydrate (11.3 mL, 2.0 molar, 22.7 mmol) were combined in MeOH (2 mL) and THF (2 mL) and allowed to stir overnight. Hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (5.67 mL, 4.0 molar, 22.7 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was concentrated under a stream of N2to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as a brown solid. ES-MS m / z 364.0 (M+H).Preparation 261 (1S,2S)-2-(2-(Difluoromethyl)-6-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)pyridin-3- yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid O

[0337] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 260 from ethyl (1S,2S)- 2-(2-(difluoromethyl)-6-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)cyclopropane-1- carboxylate (stirring for 3 h). ES-MS m / z 345.0 (M+H). Preparation 262 rac-Ethyl (trans)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-2-methylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate

[0338] To a 40 mL vial containing 4-bromo-2-fluoro-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)benzene (1.54 g, 65% Wt, 4.65 mmol) was added a stirbar, rhodium(II) octanoate dimer (39 mg, 50 μmol), and DCM (3 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at RT under argon as a solution of ethyl 2- diazoacetate (911 mg, 87% Wt, 6.95 mmol) in DCM (6 mL total volume) was added via syringe pump over 26 min. Upon complete addition, the reaction mixture was stirred for an additional hour at RT, then concentrated under Ar. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-20% MTBE in heptane, to provide the title compound (50 mg, 3.3 %, first eluting diastereomer) as a colorless oil, followed by rac-ethyl (cis)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)- 2-methylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate (252 mg, 18.0 %, second-eluting diastereomer) as an orange oil. For both diastereomers, ES-MS m / z 301,303 (M+H). Preparation 263 rac-Ethyl (trans)-2-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-2- methylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate

[0339] A 1-dram vial was charged with rac-ethyl (trans)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-2- methylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate (50 mg, 92% wt, 0.15 mmol), sodium carbonate (48 mg, 0.45 mmol), (2-Methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)boronic acid (41 mg, 0.23 mmol), Bis(di-tert- butyl (4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) (4.9 mg, 6.9 μmol), and EtOH (1 mL). The vial headspace was flushed with Ar, and the vial was sealed with a pressure-relief septum cap. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 80 °C on an aluminum heating block under argon for 21 h, then concentrated at 40 °C under N2. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-20% MeOH in CH2Cl2, to provide the title compound (60.2 mg, 100 %) as a yellow oily solid. ES-MS m / z 354.2 (M+H). Preparation 264 rac-(trans)-2-(2-Fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-2- methylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid O

[0340] A solution of rac-ethyl (trans)-2-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)-2-methylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate (60.2 mg, 91% wt, 155 μmol) in MeOH (1 mL) was treated with aq. lithium hydroxide (200 μL, 2 molar, 400 μmol). The reaction vial was flushed with Ar, sealed with a pressure-relief septum cap, and stirred at 65 °C for 18 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and quenched with aq. HCl (300 μL, 1 molar, 300 μmol), then concentrated at 40 °C under N2. The residue was further dried at 50 °C overnight in a vacuum oven to provide the title compound (assumed quantitative) as an off-white solid. ES-MS m / z 326.2 (M+H).Preparation 265 1-(Methyl-d3)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde O

[0341] 1H-Pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (10.1 g, 105 mmol) and cesium carbonate (33.6 g, 0.981 Eq, 103 mmol) were added to a 500 mL flask with a stir bar. DMF (200 mL) was added, and the flask was sealed and purged with N2. Iodomethane-d3 (7.73 mL, 124 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 60 °C overnight. The reaction was cooled down to RT, diluted with water (400 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2 × 250 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (3 × 50 mL), dried over Na2SO4 filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 20%-80% EtOAc in hexane to obtain the title compound (4.06 g, 34% yield) as colorless liquid.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.79 (s, 1H), 8.42 (d, J = 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (d, J = 0.7 Hz, 1H). Preparation 266 Methyl (Z)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(methyl-d3)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)acrylate

[0342] Methyl 2-{[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino}-2-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)acetate (12.0 g, 40.4 mmol) was added to a 100 mL flask containing 1-(methyl-d3)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (4.0 g, 35 mmol) and purged with N2. DCM (48 mL) was added, and the resulting clear solution was stirred at RT. DBU (6.1 g, 6.0 mL, 40 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2h at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (30 mL), washed with water (50 mL), sat. aq. ammonium sulfate (50 mL), then sat. aq. K2CO3 (50 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 50%-100% EtOAc in hexane to obtain the title compound (7.56 g, 75%) as a white solid, ES-MS m / z 285.4 (M+H)Preparation 267 Methyl (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(methyl-d3)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate

[0343] In a glove box under N2, methyl (Z)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(methyl- d3)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)acrylate (5.71 g, 20.1 mmol) and Rh-COD-[(R)-MaxPhos]-BF4 (612 mg, 1.09 mmol) were added to a Parr stirred autoclave. 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol (80 mL) was added. The autoclave was sealed and removed from the glove box. The autoclave was purged with H2 and pressurized to 200 psi and stirred at 40 °C overnight. The mixture was cooled down to RT, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 75%-100% EtOAc in hexane to obtain the title compound (4.82 g, 84%, 92% ee) as colorless, viscous liquid. Chiral analysis was carried out by using a Lux 5um i-Amylose-3, 4.6 × 100 mm, column with 15% IPA (0.2%IPAm) / CO2at 5mL / min and detecting at 225nm, Rt =1.24 min. ES-MS m / z 287.4 (M+H). Preparation 268 tert-Butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)amino)-3-(1-(methyl-d3)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0344] Methyl (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(methyl-d3)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate (1.29 g, 4.50 mmol) and a stirbar were charged to a 40 mL vial and tert-butyl alcohol (8 mL) was added. The mixture was sonicated until homogeneous, then water (1 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred on an ice-water bath and lithium hydroxide (3 mL, 2 molar, 6 mmol) was added dropwise at 0 °C. Upon complete addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 2 h, quenched at 0 °C with slow addition of concentrated aq. HCl (200 μL, 2.40 mmol, 12M), and lyophilized. The resulting white foam was combined with 1-(5-bromo-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-amine hydrochloride (1.88 g, 5.83 mmol) and DMSO (5 mL), vortexed until homogeneous, and TEA (2 mL, 0.01 mol) was added, followed by HATU (2.5 g, 6.6 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 20 min, quenched with water (5 mL) and purified by reversed phase flash chromatography (275 g C18) using a gradient of 30-100% ACN in 0.1% aq. FA, to provide the title compound (3 g, 100 %, 80% purity) as an oily solid. ES-MS m / z 540,542 (M+H). Preparation 269 Methyl (R)-2-amino-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate hydrochloride

[0345] A solution of (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol- 4-yl)propanoic acid (6.00 g, 19.5 mmol) in 2M HCl in MeOH (58.4 mL, 117 mmol) was stirred at RT for 22 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure to provide the title compound (5.01 g, 91%, 90% purity) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 220 (M+H). Preparation 270 Methyl-d3 (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(methyl-d3)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanoate

[0346] To a 40 mL vial was added a stirbar, (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1- (difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (1.533 g, 5.022 mmol), and silver oxide (4.2 g, 18 mmol). The solids were suspended in anhydrous DMF (10 mL) under argon and iodomethane- d3(3.0 g, 1.3 mL, 21 mmol) was added. The reaction vial was wrapped in aluminum foil and stirred at RT for 5 days, diluted to 40 mL total volume with MTBE, and filtered through diatomaceous earth, rinsing with additional MTBE (3 × 10 mL). The filtrate was washed with water (40 mL) and concentrated at 25 °C under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-100% EtOAc in heptane (ELSD detection, TLC visualization with ninhydrin, product Rf 0.3 (30% EtOAc-heptane)) to provide the title compound (1.65 g, 96.8 %) as a colorless oil. ES-MS m / z 340 (M+H). Preparation 271 Lithium (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(methyl-d3)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanoate + F

[0347] A 40 mL vial was charged with methyl-d3 (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(methyl- d3)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate (1.65 g, 4.86 mmol) and a stirbar. 1,4-Dioxane (6 mL) and water (1 mL) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C under air to provide a homogeneous solution. Aq. lithium hydroxide (0.14 g, 3.0 mL, 2 molar, 6.0 mmol) was added dropwise, and the resulting cloudy solution was stirred at 0 °C for 5 min, then warmed to RT and stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with aq. HCl (1.5 mL, 1molar, 1.5 mmol) and lyophilized to provide the title compound (assumed quantitative) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 323 (M+H). Preparation 272 tert-Butyl (1-((5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)cyclopropyl)carbamateF

[0348] A mixture of 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole (6.11 g, 28.4 mmol), tert- butyl 6-oxa-5-thia-4-azaspiro[2.4]heptane-4-carboxylate 5,5-dioxide (4.72 g, 18.9 mmol) and Cs2CO3(12.3 g, 37.9 mmol) in anhydrous DMA (50 mL) was stirred at 90 °C for 3 h under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and poured into a stirring mixture of aq.1 M hydrochloric acid (20 mL) and EtOAc (50 mL). Additional water and EtOAc were added until all solids were dissolved. The aq. layer was then acidified to a pH of ~2-3 by addition of aq.1 M hydrochloric acid (~25-30 mL). The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 50 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-20% MTBE in cyclohexane to obtain the second eluting isomer as the title compound (2.08 g, 29%), white solid. ES-MS m / z 328,330 (M-tBu+H). Preparation 273 1-((5-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)cyclopropan-1-amine hydrochlorideF

[0349] A solution of tert-butyl (1-((5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1- yl)methyl)cyclopropyl)carbamate (2.07 g, 5.39 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL) was treated with a 4.0 M solution of hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (15 mL, 60 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure toprovide the title compound (1.73 g, 100%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 284,286 (M+H). Preparation 274 tert-Butyl (R)-(1-((1-((5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)cyclopropyl)amino)- 3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0350] A stirring mixture of (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (1.74 g, 5.70 mmol), 1-((5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1- yl)methyl)cyclopropan-1-amine hydrochloride (1.73 g, 5.40 mmol), HATU (3.19 g, 8.39 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was treated with DIEA (4.7 mL, 27 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 3 h. The reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and saturated aq. sodium bicarbonate solution, diluting further with water until all solids dissolved. The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted twice with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with water then sat. aq. NaCl, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified first on silica using a gradient of 0-20% 1:1 MTBE / DCM in DCM. Impure fractions were repurified by high pH reverse phase flash chromatography (40-65% ACN in 10 mM aq. NH4HCO3). Pure fractions from each purification were isolated to obtain the title compound (1.54 g, 50%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 515,517 (M-tBu+H). Preparation 275 tert-Butyl (R)-(3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6- dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-1- oxopropan-2-yl)(methyl-d3)carbamate

[0351] A 20 mL vial was charged with a stirbar and 5-(1-(2-amino-2-methylpropyl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-fluoro-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one hydrochloride (608 mg, 1.65 mmol). Lithium (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(methyl-d3)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate (500 mg, 1.52 mmol) was added as a solution in DMSO (5 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred at RT until homogeneous. TEA (800 μL, 5.74 mmol) was then added, resulting in a colorless biphasic mixture. HATU (778 mg, 2.05 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at RT under air for 45 min, quenched with water (1 mL) and loaded directly onto diatomaceous earth with minimal MeOH. Reverse phase flash column chromatography (100 g C18), eluting with a gradient of 40-100% ACN in 0.1% aq. FA, provided the title compound (0.89 g, 92 %) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 637.4 (M+H). Preparation 276 tert-Butyl (R)-(3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((2-methyl-1-(5-(1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6- dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2- yl)carbamate

[0352] To a 1 L round bottom flask equipped with a stir bar was added 1-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-one (30.8 g 131 mmol), tert-butyl (R)-(1-((1- (5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1- (difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (50.0 g, 87.2 mmol), Pd(dppf)-dichloride adduct (5.5 g, 6.7 mmol), and K2CO3 (36.2 g, 262 mmol) followed by 1,4-Dioxane (279 mL) and Water (69.8 mL). The mixture was vacuum degassed and purged with N2 (3 x), heated to 90 °C for 1hr. The mixture was diluted with DCM (500mL) washed with water (1L) The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield a dark oil. The material was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-5% MeOH in EtOAc to provide the title compound (42 g, 80%) as a light tan foam solid. ES-MS m / z 602.4 (M+H).

[0353] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 276 using the appropriate aryl bromide and the appropriate boron ester or boronic acid. Reactants can be added in different orders or in differing equivalency, reaction times and temperatures may vary, and differing methods can be used to work up or purify the compounds, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 20 )) ) )a. purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with EtOAc: EtOH (3:1) in heptane; b. purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with DCM:MeOH (4:1) (0-20%) in EtOAc. Preparation 282 tert-Butyl (R)-(3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6- dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-1- thioxopropan-2-yl)carbamate

[0354] A mixture of tert-butyl (R)-(3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((1-(5-(5- fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (500 mg, 807 μmol) and Lawesson's reagent (CAS# 19172-47-5, 560 mg, 1.38 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was stirred at 70 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and Lawesson's reagent (560 mg, 1.38 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at 70 °C for 5 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 30-100% EtOAc in cyclohexane to obtain the title compound (241 mg, 47%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 636.2 (M+H). Preparation 283 (R)-2-amino-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-(2-methyl-1-(5-(1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6- dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)propanamide hydrochloride

[0355] To a 1L RBF with stir bar was added: tert-butyl (R)-(3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((2-methyl-1-(5-(1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)- 1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate (67.4 g, 112 mmol) and 1,4- dioxane (280 mL). The mixture was heated to 40 °C and monitored with an internal temperate probe. Hydrogen chloride 4M in 1,4-Dioxane (140 mL, 560 mmol) was added over 15 min and stirred overnight resulting in a thick oil in the bottom of the flask. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and 100 mL of MeOH was added to dissolve the thick oil. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure at 40 °C. This residue was then dissolved in MeOH (100 mL) and DCM (200 mL) and concentrated to provide the title compound (68.3, 110%) as a light tan foam solid. ES-MS (m / z) 502.2 (M+H).

[0356] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 283from the appropriate tert-butyl carbamate. Varying reaction times, equivalents of HCl can be used, which would be apparent to one skilled in the art. The deprotected amines were isolated as the corresponding hydrochloride salt. The compounds may have been used without determination of the number of equivalents of HCl. Table 21a. RT, 2.5 h, 10.5 eq HCl. b. RT, the crude reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound. Preparation 291 (6-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)methanolH

[0357] 6-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid (25 g, 0.11 mol) was dissolved in THF (100 mL) under Ar. Borane dimethylsulfide (19 mL, 0.22 mol) was added dropwise. The reaction was allowed to stir for 3 days, then was cooled to 0 ⁰C and MeOH (30 mL, 0.74 mol) was added dropwise. Upon complete addition, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and chased with additional MeOH (3 × 100 mL). The residue was re-suspended in MTBE (200 mL) and filtered. The filtrate was treated with 1M aq. NaOH (200 mL) and the aq. layer was extracted with MTBE (100 mL). The combined organics were dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated to obtain the title compound (25.7 g, 100%) as a light yellow-orange oil. ES-MS m / z 212.0 / 214.0 (M+H). Preparation 292 (6-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)methyl methanesulfonate O

[0358] (6-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)methanol (24.7 g, 110 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (250 mL), and TEA (24 mL, 0.17 mol) was added under argon. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0 ⁰C and methanesulfonyl chloride (10 mL, 0.13 mol) was added dropwise over 5 min. The reaction was allowed to stir for 20 min, then was diluted with water (200 mL) and allowed to warm to RT. The layers were separated, and the aq. layer was extracted with DCM (100 mL). The combined organics were concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (32.72 g, 100 %) as an orange-yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 290.0 (M+H). Preparation 293 1-((6-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)methyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium methanesulfonate

[0359] (6-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)methyl methanesulfonate (31.3 g, 100 mmol) was dissolved in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (100 mL), and tetrahydrothiophene (10 mL, 0.11 mol) was added. The flask was sealed with a septum and the reaction mixture was mixed by swirling, then allowed to stand under air overnight. The reaction mixture was combined with 1.0 g scale reaction mixture and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield a thick oil. The residue was suspended in MTBE (500 mL) and filtered. The precipitate was washed with MTBE (3 × 200 mL) and air-dried on filter to obtain the title compound (34 g, 86%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 282 (M+). Preparation 294 1-((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium tetrafluoroborate F

[0360] To 6-Bromo-3-(bromomethyl)-2-methylpyridine (2 g, 8 mmol) and tetrahydrothiophene (0.7 mL, 8 mmol) in ACN (10 mL) was added silver tetrafluoroborate (1 g, 8 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 6 h, then combined with a 1.5 g reaction mixture and partially concentrated (2 mL). The mixture was filtered over diatomaceous earth, concentrated to dryness, re-suspended in ACN (5 mL) and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to afford the title compound (4.46 g, 50% purity, 45%) as a grey solid. ES / MS m / z 274 (M+). Preparation 295 1-(4-Bromo-2-chlorobenzyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium bromide - r

[0361] 4-Bromo-1-(bromomethyl)-2-chlorobenzene (10 g, 34 mmol), was dissolved in 2,2,2- trifluoroethanol (50 mL), and tetrahydrothiophene (4.0 mL, 45 mmol) was added. The resultingsuspension was stirred at RT under air for 3 h then was concentrated at 25 ⁰C under reduced pressure. The residue was resuspended in MTBE (100 mL) and filtered. The precipitate was rinsed with MTBE (2 × 50 mL) and air-dried to obtain the title compound (13.45 g, 100%) as a white powder. ES / MS m / z 291 (M+). Preparation 296 1-(4-Bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)benzyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium bromide

[0362] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 295, from 4-bromo-1- (bromomethyl)-2-(difluoromethyl)benzene, stirring overnight. ES-MS m / z 307 (M+). Preparation 297 (trans)-1-(6-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one, isomer 1 O

[0363] 1-((6-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)methyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium methanesulfonate (31.97 g, 83.77 mmol) and 3-methylenedihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (9.2 g, 94 mmol), were dissolved in DCM (120 mL) under Ar. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0 ⁰C and LiHMDS (1 M in THF, 90 mL, 90 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ⁰C for 1 h then LiHMDS (1 M in THF, 12.5 mL, 12.5 mmol) was added dropwise. The mixture was stirred at 0 ⁰C for an additional 30 min, then quenched with saturated aq. NH4Cl (200 mL), allowed to warm to RT, and transferred to a 500 mL separatory funnel. The organic layer was collected, and the aq. layer was diluted with H2O (50 mL) and extracted with additional DCM (2 × 100 mL). The combined extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was suspended in MTBE (200 mL) with stirring for 5 min, then filtered, rinsing with MTBE (3 × 20 mL). The filtrate was concentrated and dry-loaded onto silica and purified by column chromatography using a gradient of 30-100% EtOAc in heptane followed by chiral SFC purification (Chiralpak IG 30 × 250 mmx5 uM, 85 mL / min), eluting with 5% MeOH in 10 mMNH4OAc in MeOH to afford the title compound (2 g, 7%) as the first eluting trans enantiomer. Preparation 298 (1S,3R)-1-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one O O BrCl

[0364] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 297 using 1-(4-bromo- 2-chlorobenzyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium bromide. Purified by silica using a gradient of 10- 40% EtOAc / heptane followed by chiral SFC purification (Chiralpak IG 50 mm × 250 × 5 µm, 80 mL / min), eluting with MeOH to afford the title compound (1.43 g, 14%) as the first eluting enantiomer. ES-MS m / z 301.0, 303.0 (M+H). Preparation 299 rac-(trans)-1-(4-Bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one O

[0365] 3-Methylenedihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (0.50 g, 5.1 mmol) and 1-(4-bromo-2- (difluoromethyl)benzyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium bromide (1.4 g, 3.6 mmol) were combined in DCM (12 mL) and cooled to 0 ⁰C. LiHMDS (1 M in toluene, 4.7 mL, 4.7 mmol) was added into flask dropwise. The reaction was stirred at 0 ⁰C for 1 h, then LiHMDS (1 M in toluene, 2.35 mL, 2.35 mmol) was added and the reaction was allowed to stir for 15 min. The reaction mixture was then diluted with water and DCM and warmed to RT. The aq. layer was extracted with DCM (3x) and the organic layers were combined, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated. The reaction mixture was combined with 500 mg scale reaction mixture, and purified by UPLC CSH (XSelect, C18, 50 mm × 250 mm × 5um, 100 mL / min) using a gradient of 40-95% ACN / water (w / 10 mM NH4OAc) to obtain the title compound (721 mg, 48 %) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 317.0 / 319.0 (M+H).Preparation 300 Rac-(trans)-1-(6-Bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one O

[0366] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 299 using tetrafluoro-λ4- borane, 1-((6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl)tetrahydro-1H-thiophen-1-ium salt. The product was purified by silica using a gradient of 0-40% MeOH in DCM to obtain the title compound (430 mg, 32%). ES-MS m / z 282,284 (M+H). Preparation 301 Methyl (R)-2-((1R,2R)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamido)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate

[0367] To a mixture of methyl (R)-2-amino-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanoate hydrochloride (5.4 g, 90 wt %, 19 mmol) and TEA (26 mL, 0.19 mmol) in THF (120 mL) and DMA (60 mL) was added (1R,2R)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carbonyl chloride (17.2 g, 47 wt %, 21.6 mmol) at 0 °C, then the reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was poured into water (150 mL) and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 150 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (2 × 200 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with EtOAc (100 mL) at RT for 1 h. The mixture was filtered, and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure to provide residue. The crude material was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 0-3% MeOH / DCM to obtain the title compound (8.3 g, 74%) as a light-yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 557 (M+H).Preparation 302 Methyl (R)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1R,3R)-1-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)propanoate

[0368] A mixture of methyl (R)-2-((1R,2R)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(4-(2-methyl-2H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamido)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate (8.3 g, 14 mmol) and cesium carbonate (9.2 g, 28 mmol) in THF (150 mL) was stirred at 50 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT then was poured into water (200 mL). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 200 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (2 × 300 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 0-5% MeOH / DCM to obtain the title compound (6.2 g, 78%) as a yellow solid. ES- MS m / z 521 (M+H). Preparation 303 (R)-3-(1-(Difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1R,3R)-1-(4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)propanoic acid H

[0369] To a solution of methyl (R)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1R,3R)-1-(4- (2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)propanoate (3.6 g, 6.6 mmol) in t-BuOH (32 mL) and water (16 mL) was added a 1 M aq. solution of lithiumhydroxide (20 mL, 20 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 3 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated at 20 °C to remove t-BuOH providing a basic aq. solution. The aq. mixture was treated with strongly acidic styrene cation exchange resin (18.2 g), then the resin was filtered and rinsed with water (300 mL). The filtrate was lyophilized to dryness to provide the title compound (2.42 g, 71%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 507 (M+H). Preparation 304 Methyl (R)-2-((1R,2S)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)cyclopropane-1- carboxamido)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate

[0370] To a solution of (1S,3R)-1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one (4.04 g, 13.3 mmol) and benzyl(triethyl)ammonium chloride (6.07 g, 26.6 mmol) in DCE (80 mL) were added boron trifluoride etherate (3.86 g, 3.41 mL, 26.6 mmol) and thionyl chloride (6.34 g, 3.92 mL, 53.3 mmol). The mixture was purged with N23 times, then stirred at 80 °C for 16 h under nitrogen. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give (1R,2R)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)cyclopropane-1-carbonyl chloride (10.2 g, 45 wt% purity).

[0371] To a mixture of methyl (R)-2-amino-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)propanoate hydrochloride (3.6 g, 13 mmol) and TEA (19 mL, 0.13 mmol) in THF (120 mL) and DMA (60 mL) was added a solution of (1R,2R)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2- chloroethyl)cyclopropane-1-carbonyl chloride (10.2 g, 45 wt %, 13.5 mmol) in THF (80 mL) at 0 °C, then the reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was poured into water (150 mL) and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 150 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (2 × 100 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 0-40% EtOAc / PE to obtain the title compound (7.8 g, 95%, 85%purity) as a yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 522,524 (M+H). Preparation 305 Methyl (R)-2-((1S,3R)-1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)-3-(1- (difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate

[0372] A mixture of methyl (R)-2-((1R,2S)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2- chloroethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamido)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate (7.8 g, 13 mmol, 85 wt %) and cesium carbonate (5.0 g, 15 mmol) in THF (120 mL) was stirred at 50 °C for 24 h, then at RT for 48 h. The reaction mixture was poured into water (100 mL). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 150 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (2 × 800 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 0-35% EtOAc in PE to obtain the title compound (4.1 g, 63%, 65:35 d.r.) as a yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 486,488 (M+H). Preparation 306 Methyl (R)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1S,3R)-1-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)propanoate

[0373] To a mixture of methyl (R)-2-((1S,3R)-1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-5- azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate (4.12 g, 65:35 d.r., 7.96 mmol), (2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)boronic acid (1.48 g, 8.36 mmol) and sodium carbonate (1.69 g, 15.9 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (60 mL) and water (6 mL) was added XPhos Pd G3 (1.35 g, 1.59 mmol) at RT under nitrogen. The mixture was purged with nitrogen (3x), then the reaction mixture was stirred at 90 °C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT then poured into water (150 mL). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 150 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (2 × 150 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 0-5% MeOH / DCM to obtain the title compound (4.35 g, 65:35 d.r., 92%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 539 (M+H). Preparation 307 (R)-3-(1-(Difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1S,3R)-1-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)propanoic acid H

[0374] To a solution of methyl (R)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-((1S,3R)-1-(2- fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5- yl)propanoate (4.35 g, 2:1 d.r., 7.35 mmol) in t-BuOH (60 mL) and water (30 mL) was added a 1 M aq. solution of lithium hydroxide (11.0 mL, 11.0 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 3 h. The reaction mixture was adjusted to pH ~7 with 1 M aq. hydrochloric acid solution then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by SFC (Daicel IM 250 × 30 mm, 10 μm, 40% CO2 in ACN / EtOH containing 0.1% NH4OH) to provide the second-eluting isomer as the title compound (2.57 g, 66%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 525 (M+H).Preparation 308 (1R,2S)-2-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-N-((R)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)- 1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide

[0375] A mixture of (1S,3R)-1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one (1.49 g, 5.23 mmol) and benzyltriethylammonium chloride (2.38 g, 10.4 mmol) in DCE (9 mL) was treated with SOCl2 (1.55 mL, 21.2 mmol) followed by BF3·Et2O (1.3 mL, 11.0 mmol). After stirring at 80 °C overnight, the reaction mixture was cooled to RT and concentrated under reduced pressure. DCE (5 mL) was added, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of (trans)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2- chloroethyl)cyclopropane-1-carbonyl chloride, Isomer 1 as a yellow sticky solid. In a separate vessel, a mixture of (R)-2-amino-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-(1-(5-(5-fluoro-1- methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)propanamide hydrochloride (3.10 g, 5.58 mmol) in DCM (20 mL) was stirred at 0 °C and treated with TEA (5.2 mL, 37.0 mmol). A suspension of (trans)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1- (2-chloroethyl)cyclopropane-1-carbonyl chloride (Isomer 1, 5.24 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) was added dropwise. The cooling bath was removed, and the reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 1 h. TEA (1.5 mL) was added dropwise and the resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 1 h. EtOAc (500 mL) and cold water (500 mL) were added, and the layers were separated. The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (200 mL), and the organic layers were combined, washed with water three times and then washed with sat. aq. NaCl, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as a light-brown solid. ES- MS m / z 822,824 (M+H).

[0376] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 308 using the appropriate lactone and appropriate amine or amine salt. DIEA is a suitable replacement for TEA. Slight variations to the reaction conditions, work-up procedure and purification methods would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 22a. No work up. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-80% EtOAc in heptane; b. synthesized from rac-(trans)-1-(6-bromo-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4- one as described above. Bromopyridyl was also converted to the chloropyridyl under the reaction conditions. Purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with 3:1 EtOAc:EtOH in heptane; c. No work up. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-100% EtOAc in EtOH (3 / 1) in heptane; d. No work up. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-100% EtOAc in EtOH (3 / 1) in DCM. Preparation 318 (2R)-2-(1S,3R)-(1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)-3-(1- (difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-(1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)- 3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)propanamide

[0377] A mixture of (1R,2S)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-N-((R)-3-(1- (difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)- 3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2- yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide (4.57 g, 5.28 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (3.50 g, 11 mmol) in ACN (15 mL) was stirred overnight at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted ACN, filtered and washed with ACN. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reversed phase prep-HPLC (Luna® C18, 50 × 250 mm, 10μm, 120 mL / min) using a gradient of 35-65% ACN in 10 mM aq. NH4HCO3, pH=10 (with 5% MeOH) over 22.5 min to obtain the title compound (2.94 g, 71%) as a pink foam. ES-MS m / z 786,788 (M+H).

[0378] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 318. NMP and THF are suitable replacements for ACN. Reaction times and temperatures may vary, and differing methods can be used to work up or purify the compounds (normal phase, or high, neutral or low pH reversed phase). Such variances would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 2303 2 2a. The reaction was quenched with FA (10 eq) as a solution in H2O, and the compound was purified with ACN / 0.1% FA in water; b. The reaction was quenched with FA (7 eq) as a solution in H2O, and the compound was purified with ACN / 0.1% FA in water; c. Prepared as described with 0.1 equiv TBAI. Purified by reverse phase flash chromatography using a gradient of 0-100% ACN / 10 mM aq. NH4HCO3(5% MeOH);d. The reaction mixture was partitioned between 20 mL water and 20 mL EtOAc and extracted with EtOAc (2 × 30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with 20 mL water and sat. aq. NaCl (3 × 20 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide titled compound without purification; e. The reaction mixture was partitioned between sat. aq. sodium bicarbonate (20 mL), H2O (15 mL) and EtOAc:Toluene (1:1) (30 mL) and organic layers was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc:Toluene (1:1) (3 × 40 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide titled compound without further purification. Preparation 328 (2R)-3-(1-(Difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-(1S,3R)-(1-(4-(5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinan- 2-yl)-2-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)-N-(1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6- dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)propanamide

[0379] A stirring mixture of (2R)-2-(1S,3R)-(1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-5- azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-(1-(5-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-6- oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)propanamide (2.42 g, 3,08 mmol), bis(neopentyl glycolato)diborane (2.08 g, 9.23 mmol), KOAc (1.21 g, 12.31 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (31 mL) was sparged with nitrogen for 5 min. Then Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2 (377 mg, 462 μmol) was added and sparged with nitrogen for additional 5 min. Then reaction vessel was sealed and heated to 80 °C for 3 h. Then the reaction mixture was cooled down to RT and used directly in the next step. ES-MS m / z 752 (corresponding boronic acid M+H).

[0380] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 328. Bis(pinacolato)diboron is a suitable replacement of Bis(neopentyl glycolato)diboran. Reaction times (1h to overnight) and temperatures (80 °C to 100°C) may vary, and differing methods can be used to work up or purify the compounds (normal phase, or high, neutral or low pH reversedphase). Such variances would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 24Preparation 333 (1R,2S)-1-(2-Chloroethyl)-N-((R)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-((2-methyl-1-(5-(1- methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)- 1-oxopropan-2-yl)-2-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide O

[0381] A mixture of (1S,3R)-1-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one (300 mg, 889 μmol) and benzyltriethylammonium chloride (408 mg, 1.78 mmol) in DCE (4.45 mL) was treated with SOCl2 (260 μL, 3.56 mmol) followed by BF3·Et2O (220 μL, 1.78 mmol). After stirring at 80 °C overnight, the reaction mixture was cooled to RT and concentrated under reduced pressure. DCE (5 mL) was added, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of (1R,2R)-1- (2-chloroethyl)-2-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1- carbonyl chloride as a dark sticky oil. In a separate vessel, a solution of (R)-2-amino-3-(1- (difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-(2-methyl-1-(5-(1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)- 3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)propanamide dihydrochloride (512 mg, 891μmol) in DCM (10mL) was stirred at 0 °C and treated with TEA (1.12 mL, 8.04 mmol). A suspension of (1R,2R)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(2-fluoro-4-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5- yl)phenyl)cyclopropane-1-carbonyl chloride (889 μmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added dropwise. The cooling bath was removed, and the reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 4 h. EtOAc (200 mL) and cold water (200 mL) were added, and the layers were separated. The aq. layer was extracted with EtOAc (100 mL), and the organic layers were combined, washed with water (3 x) and sat. aq. NaCl, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as a light-brown solid. ES-MS m / z 857 (M+H).

[0382] The compounds in the following table were prepared as described in Preparation 333 using the appropriate lactone and appropriate amine or amine salt. DIEA is a suitable replacement for TEA. Reaction time may vary. Slight variations to the reaction conditions and purification methods would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Table 25a. 1 h reaction time. b. 0.5 h reaction time. Preparation 336 (S)-1-(Naphthalen-1-yl)ethan-1-amine (1R,2S)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2- hydroxyethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate

[0383] To a mixture of rac-(trans)-1-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one (197.00 g, 688.89 mmol) in THF (600 mL) and water (300 mL) was added LiOH (87.0 g, 2.07 mol) and the mixture was stirred for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure at 40 °C, then 1 N HCl was added to adjust the pH to 3. The resulting suspension was filtered, and the filter cake was washed with water and ACN, then dried under reduced pressure to give rac-(trans)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (180 g) as a solid.

[0384] A mixture of rac-(trans)-2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2- hydroxyethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (176.0 g, 580 mmol) in EtOAc (1.6 L) was stirred at 35 °C for 30 min. (S)-1-(1-Naphthyl)ethylamine (65.0 g, 379.6 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 16 h at 25 °C (internal temperature). The resulting precipitate was filtered, then triturated by stirring with MTBE (1 L) at 25 °C for 16 h. Filtration gave the title compound (105 g, 38%) as a white solid.

[0385] A sample of the title compound was dissolved in EtOH (1 mL) and used foranalytical SFC ~97.8% ee, Rt =2.87 min, isomer 2 (Chiralpak® AD-3, 4.6 × 150 mm, 3 μm, column temperature 35 °C, 220 nm, flow rate 2.5 mL / min, isocratic 20% EtOH (with 0.5% IPAm): 80% CO2; Waters® ACQUITY UPC2® with PDA). Preparation 337 (1S,3R)-1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptan-4-one O

[0386] A mixture of (S)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethan-1-amine (1R,2S)-2-(4-bromo-2- fluorophenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (100.0 g, 210 mmol) in ACN (1 L) was treated with 12 M HCl (200 mL) dropwise, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 2 h. Water (100 mL) was added while stirring. The resulting suspension was filtered to obtain the white solid. Treated the white solid with 1M HCl 200 ml and stirred for 2 hr at 25oC, filtered and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (53 g, 88%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 285,287 (M+H). Analytical SFC ~99.9% ee, Rt =1.28 min, isomer 1 (Chiralpak® IG-3, 4.6 × 100 mm, 3 μm, column temperature 40 °C, 220 nm, flow rate 4.0 mL / min; 15% MeOH (with 0.2% isopropyl amine): 85% CO2; Waters® ACQUITY UPC2® with PDA). Preparation 338 5-Fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine N

[0387] To a mixture of 5-fluoro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (1.8 g, 13.13 mmol) in DMSO (100 mL) was added NaHMDS (1.0 M in THF, 19.7 mL, 19.7 mmol) and iodomethane (2.46 mL, 39.3 mmol). The reaction was allowed to stir at RT for 2 h, then quenched with water and extracted three times with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, washed three times with water, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified on silica gel, eluting with 0-40% EtOAc in cyclohexane to give the title compound as a white solid (1.3 g, 66%).1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.64-8.58 (m, 1H), 8.19-8.11 (m, 2H), 4.07 (s, 3H).Preparation 339 5-Bromo-6-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine Br

[0388] A mixture of 5-bromo-6-fluoro-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine (1.95 g, 80 wt%, 7.22 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was purged with N2 three times, then 60% NaH in mineral oil (347 mg, 60 wt%, 8.67 mmol) was added to the mixture at 0 °C. The mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 min under N2, then iodomethane (1.55 g, 708 μL, 10.8 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 1 h under N2, then it was poured into H2O (80 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (60 mL × 3). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (60 mL × 3), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified on silica gel, eluting with 6-7% EtOAc in 4:1 hexanes:DCM to obtain the title compound (746 mg, 44% yield) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 230, 232 (M+H). Preparation 340 6-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine N

[0389] The following procedure was performed in 14 reactions carried out in parallel on the scale given herein. A mixture of 6-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine (500 g, 2.52 mol) and K2CO3(523 g, 3.79 mol) in DMF (3.50 L) was degassed and purged with N23 times. To the mixture was slowly added iodomethane (430 g, 3.03 mol) at 25-35 °C. The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 6 h under N2 atmosphere. Every two reactions were combined for workup. The reaction mixtures were quenched by H2O (21.0 L) at 0-5 °C and extracted with EtOAc (1.00 L × 6). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (6.00 L × 2), then the organic layers concentrated under reduced pressure.

[0390] All fourteen reactions were combined for purification, combining the residues from the aqueous workups. The combined product was purified on silica gel, eluting with 5-11%EtOAc in PE and then triturated with MTBE (3.50 L) at 25 °C for 1 h. The solid was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (3.51 kg, 47%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 212 (M+H). Preparation 341 1-Methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-6-carbonitrile N

[0391] The following procedure was performed in 4 reactions carried out in parallel on the scale given herein. A mixture of 6-bromo-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine (104 g, 490 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4(113 g, 98.0 mmol), and Zn(CN)2(85.5 g, 728 mmol) in DMF (1.04 L) was degassed and purged with N23 times. The mixture was stirred at 120 °C for 12 h under N2 atmosphere. The four reaction mixtures were combined, filtered, and water (12.0 L) was added to the filtrate, and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3.20 L × 5). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (1.00 L) and the organic layers were concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified on silica gel, eluting with 0-100% EtOAc in PE to afford the title compound (300 g, 89% yield) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 159 (M+H). Preparation 342 5-Fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 7-oxide N

[0392] To 5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (800 mg, 5.29 mmol) and EtOAc (50 mL) was added 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (8.7 mL, 75% Wt, 21.2 mmol). Reaction was heated to 45 ⁰C overnight. Sat. aq. NaHCO3was added, and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 × 50 mL). The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with 0- 40% 3:1 EtOH / EtOAc in cyclohexane to obtain the title compound (666 mg, 75%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 168 (M+H).Preparation 343 6-Cyano-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine 4-oxide - O

[0393] The following procedure was performed in 3 reactions carried out in parallel on the scale given herein. A mixture of 1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-6-carbonitrile (100 g, 632 mmol), methyltrioxorhenium (15.8 g, 63.2 mmol), and 30% aq. H2O2(3.19 mol, 306 mL) in DCM (1.00 L) was degassed and purged with N23 times. The mixture was stirred at 45 °C for 48 h under N2atmosphere. The three reactions were combined for workup. MnO2(10 wt%, 30 g) and H2O (900 mL) were added into the combined reaction mixtures at 45 °C under N2and the resulting mixture was stirred for 30 min at 40-45 °C. The mixture was filtered, and the filter cake was washed with DCM (600 mL) to provide a mixture of the title compound and MnO2 (300 g) as a gray solid. TLC (EtOAc) Rf= 0.3. The mixture was used without further purification. Preparation 344 5-Chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-6-carbonitrile Cl

[0394] Three reactions were carried out in parallel on the scale given herein. To a solution of 6-cyano-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine 4-oxide (100 g, 574 mmol) and DIEA (111 g, 861 mmol, 150 mL) in DCM (1.00 L) was added oxalyl chloride (87.4 g, 689 mmol) dropwise at 0 °C over 1 h. The resulting mixture was stirred at 0-20 °C for 6 h. The three reactions were combined for workup. The combined reaction mixtures were quenched by water (900 mL) and extracted with DCM (600 mL × 2). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (900 mL) and the organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified on silica gel eluting with 25%-100% EtOAc in PE to obtain the title compound (200 g, 60% yield) as an off-white solid. ES-MS m / z 193 (M+H).Preparation 345 6-Chloro-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine N

[0395] 5-Fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 7-oxide (500 mg, 2.99 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (20 mL) under N2. The flask was cooled to 0 ⁰C, then TEA (1.04 mL, 7.46 mmol) and oxalyl chloride (657 μL, 7.48 mmol) were added sequentially. The mixture was allowed to warm to RT over 2 h. The reaction was quenched with H2O and the aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (3x). The combined organic phases were washed with water (3x), dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified on silica gel eluting with 0-20% 4:1 MeOH / DCM in DCM to obtain the title compound (170 mg, 31% yield) as a white solid.1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.15 (s, 3H). Preparation 346 3,5-Dichloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-6-carbonitrile Cl

[0396] A mixture of 5-chloro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-6-carbonitrile (1.0 g, 5.2 mmol), NCS (0.83 g, 6.2 mmol), and DMF (10 mL) under nitrogen atmosphere was heated to 50 °C for 25 h. Additional NCS (350 mg, 2.6 mmol) was added and the mixture was heated to 50 °C for 23 h. The mixture was then diluted with water (20 mL) and heated to reflux for 1 min, then cooled to RT and filtered. The resulting solid was dissolved in MeOH (40 mL) at reflux then cooled to RT. Vacuum filtration gave the title compound (800 mg, 68% yield) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 227 (M+H).Preparation 347 (2-Methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6-yl)boronic acid H

[0397] 6-Bromo-2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine (800 g, 3.77 moles) was dissolved in toluene (5.6 L) at RT under N2 protection. Pd(PPh3)2Cl2 (79.5 g, 0.03 eq.) and KOAc (1111g, 3.0 eq.) were added in one portion, followed by bis(pinacolato)diboron (1054 g, 1.1 eq.). The reaction was stirred at 90-100oC for 16 h. The reaction was cooled to 25oC, then DCM (5.6 L) was added and the mixture was stirred for 0.5 h. The mixture was filtered, eluting with DCM (1 L × 2), and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a brown residue. PE (5.6 L) was added and the mixture was stirred for 0.5 h. The mixture was then filtered and filter cake was rinsed with PE (500 mL × 2). The solid was combined with the crude material from other reactions (2850 g) and the combined solid was slurried in EtOH / H2O (5 / 1, 3 L) for 1 h. The mixture was filtered and the filter cake was rinsed with EtOH (300 mL × 2). The filter cake was then slurried in ACN (3 L) for 1 h. The mixture was filtered and the cake was rinsed with ACN (300 mL × 2). The solid was dried by air-blowing in the oven for 16 h at 50-60℃ to obtain the title compound (1560 g, 70%) as an off-white solid. ES-MS m / z 178.1 (M+H). Preparation 348 (2-Cyclopropylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6-yl)boronic acid

[0398] 6-Bromo-2-cyclopropylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine (1.20 g, 5.03 mmol) was charged with bis(pinacolato)diboron (3.81 g, 15 mmol), KOAc (1.51 g, 15.39 mmol), Pd(ddpf)Cl2(DCM adduct, 416.1 mg, 510 μmol) and 1,4-dioxane (20 mL). The mixture was purged with N2for 3 mins and then heated to 80 °C under N2. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT to obtain a quantitative yield of the title compound as a solution, which was carried forward without further purification. ES-MS m / z 204 (M+H).Preparation 349 1-Methyl-5-(tributylstannyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one

[0399] To a mixture of 5-bromo-1-methylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one (300 mg, 1.57 mmol) in 1,4- dioxane (5 mL) were added 1,1,1,2,2,2-hexabutyldistannane (1.4 mL, 2.8 mmol) and bis(di-tert- butyl (4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) (115 mg, 162 μmol). The reaction mixture was degassed and purged with N23 times, then stirred at 105 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with sat. aq. KF (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (30 mL × 3). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 0-5% MeOH in DCM to give the title compound (264 mg, 38%) as a yellow oil. ES-MS m / z 401 (M+H). Preparation 350 tert-Butyl (2-methyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)propan-2-yl)carbamate F

[0400] To a mixture of tert-butyl-(2-methyl-4-oxobutan-2-yl)carbamate (10.0 g, 49.7 mmol) in EtOH (150 mL) was added ammonium hydroxide (54.9 mL, 397 mmol). The reaction was cooled to 0 °C and 1,1,1-trifluoro-3,3-dibromoacetone (102 mL, 745 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred at RT for 16 h, then was poured into water (300 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (300 mL × 2). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, then filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (gradient 0-5% MeOH in DCM) to obtain the title compound (5.4 g, 96% purity, 34%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 308 (M+H).-27 Preparation 351 tert-Butyl (2-methyl-1-(1-(1-methyl-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazo O

[0401] To tert-butyl (2-methyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)propan-2- yl)carbamate (897.2 mg, 2.92 mmol) was added K2CO3(1.26 g, 9.13 mmol). The vial was purged with N2 for 3 min. DMF (8.0 mL) was added followed by 3-bromo-1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one (650 μL, 5.87 mmol) and the vial was heated to 60 °C under N2 overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and then partitioned between 55 mL EtOAc and 55 mL H2O. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (25 mL × 3). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl, (25 mL × 3) dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (gradient 0-100% EtOAc in hexanes) to provide the title compound (626.7 mg, 42%) as a beige solid. ES-MS m / z 405 (M+H). Preparation 352 3-(2-(2-Amino-2-methylpropyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one hydrochloride (racemic mixture)

[0402] tert-Butyl (2-methyl-1-(1-(1-methyl-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- imidazol-2-yl)propan-2-yl)carbamate (626.7 mg, 1.55 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (3 mL), then 4 M hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL, 0.01 mol) was added. The reaction was stirred overnight then was concentrated under reduced pressure to provide the title compound (574.0 mg, 98%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 305 (M+H).Preparation 353 tert-Butyl (1-(5-(1-cyclopropyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol- 1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate O

[0403] 4-Bromo-1-cyclopropylpyridin-2(1H)-one (9.35 g, 39.3 mmol), 1 M aq. Na2CO3 (99 mL, 99 mmol) and BrettPhos Pd G3 (3.08 g, 3.36 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (120 mL) and IPA (30 mL) was degassed and refilled with N23 times, then stirred at 25 °C for several minutes. tert- Butyl (1-(5-(1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocan-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan- 2-yl)carbamate (14.05 g, 33.1 mmol) was added and the mixture was degassed and refilled with N23 more times, then stirred at 65 °C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT and filtered. The filter cake was washed with EtOAc (50 mL × 3), then the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with H2O (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100 mL × 2). The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl (100 mL × 2), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (gradient 0-40% EtOAc in hexanes) to provide the title compound (8.15 g, 53%) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 441 (M+H). Preparation 354 tert-Butyl (1-(5-(6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate O

[0404] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 353 using 3-chloro-6- methoxypyridazine. ES-MS m / z 416 (M+H).Preparation 355 tert-Butyl (2-methyl-1-(5-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)carbamate

[0405] To a mixture of tert-butyl (1-(5-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2- methylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (500 mg, 1.29 mmol), 2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-4-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole (505 mg, 1.81 mmol) and Na2CO3 (277 mg, 2.61 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (6 mL) and water (0.6 mL) was added Pd(dppf)Cl2(188 mg, 257 μmol). The mixture was degassed and purged with N23 times. Then the reaction mixture was stirred at 90 °C for 6 h then cooled to RT overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filter cake was washed with EtOAc (10 mL × 3). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure then purified on silica gel eluting with 0-17% EtOAc in hexanes to afford the title compound (548 mg, 88 %) as a yellow solid. ES-MS m / z 459 (M+H). Preparation 356 4-(1-(2-Amino-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1-cyclopropylpyridin- 2(1H)-one hydrochloride

[0406] To tert-butyl (1-(5-(1-cyclopropyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-4-yl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2 yl)carbamate (8.1 g, 17 mmol) was added DCM (20 mL) then 2 M hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (90 mL, 0.18 mol). The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 2 h then concentrated under reduced pressure to provide the title compound (8.04 g, 80% purity, 98%) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 341 (M+H).Preparation 357 6-(1-(2-Amino-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridazin-3(2H)-one dihydrochloride O

[0407] The title compound was prepared as described in Preparation 356 using tert-butyl (1- (5-(6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2- yl)carbamate in MeOH, stirring for 12 h at 40 ⁰C. ES-MS m / z 302 (M+H). Preparation 358 2-Methyl-1-(5-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-amine hydrochloride

[0408] To a mixture of tert-butyl (2-methyl-1-(5-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-1,2,3- triazol-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-yl)carbamate (270 mg, 559 μmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) was added 2.0 M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (3.00 mL, 6.00 mmol). Then the mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 2 h, then 14 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound as a mixture of tetrahydropyran and non-tetrahydropyran protected analogues (292 mg, 69 %). ES-MS 358 and 274 (M+H). Preparation 359 tert-Butyl (R)-(1-((1-(5-(1-cyclopropyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan- 2-yl)carbamateO

[0409] To a mixture of 4-(1-(2-amino-2-methylpropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5- yl)-1-cyclopropylpyridin-2(1H)-one hydrochloride (6.02 g, 80% wt, 12.8 mmol) and (R)-2-((tert- butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(1-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (3.92 g, 12.8 mmol) was added DMA (60 mL), DIEA (12 mL, 68 mmol) and HATU (5.46 g, 14.1 mmol) at 0 °C. The resulting mixture was allowed to warm to 25 °C and stirred for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with sat. aq. NaCl, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a residue (12 g, yellow oil) that was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluting with 0- 45% EtOAc in hexanes) to give the title compound (9.76 g, 91 %, 75% purity) as a white solid. ES-MS m / z 528 (M-Boc+H). Preparation 360 (R)-2-Amino-N-(1...

Claims

CLAIMS We claim:

1. A compound of the formula: 8'wherein R1is: i) an 8-, 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, C1-C4haloalkoxy, oxo, CN, halo, CD3, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NR16COR12, iii) OH, or iv) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, oxo, OCH3, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OH;R12is NHR13, pyridyl, phenyl, OCH3 or C3-C6cycloalkyl, wherein the pyridyl, phenyl or C3- C6cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is C1-C4alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R16is H or CH3; A is phenyl, a 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, heteroaryl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from halo, CF3, CHF2, CH3, cyclopropyl, OH and CN, or when R1is an optionally substituted 8-, 9- or 10- membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle A may be absent; R2is H, CH3, halo, CF3or CHF2; R3is H and R4is H, CH3or CD3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 8- or 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from oxo, halo and CH3, or ii) a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from CH3, CD3, CHF2, OH and CH2CN; X is O or S; R6and R7are each CH3, or together form a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, oxetane, tetrahydrofuran, pyrrolidine or piperidine, wherein the cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and wherein the pyrrolidine or piperidine is optionally substituted with CH3; O S, wherein R18is H or C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OC(O)C1-C4alkyl or morpholine, R8’is H, and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8is D, R8’is D, and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenylis optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3 and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3 and oxo, and R8’is H; R10is CF3, CF2H, halo or cyclopropyl; R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, C1-C4alkoxy, CD3, OCHF2, SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo or CH3, oxo, CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2, (CH2)mP(O)(R17)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, CH3, halo, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3 and OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo,vi) (CH2)nC(O)R19, wherein n is 0 or 1, R19is OCH3, NR14R15or a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, vii) (CH2)mP(O)(R17)2, viii) C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or phenyl, which heterocycle or phenyl is optionally substituted by CH3, ix) CN, or x) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, C1-C4alkyl, (CH2)mP(O)(R17)2, COOH and NR14R15, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; and R14and R15are independently H or CH3; each R17is independently C1-C4alkyl; and m is 0 or 1; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein X is O, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

3. The compound according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein R6and R7are each CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

4. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

5. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

6. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein R2is H or CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

7. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from:,,optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NR16COR12, wherein R12is NHR13, OCH3or C3-C6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, R13is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo and R16is H or CH3, or iii) piperazine optionally substituted with C(O)CH3, pyridine optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from OCH3, halo and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OH, or pyrimidine optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from OCH3, CH3and oxo, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

8. The compound according to claim 7, wherein R1is selected from: ,,9. The compound according to claim 8, wherein R1is selected from:a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

10. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein A is phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, CH3,cyclopropyl and OH, or when R1is an optionally substituted 8-, 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle A may be absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

11. The compound according to claim 10, wherein A is selected from: ,d Fb , wherein a is the point of attachment to R1and b is the point of attachment to the cyclopropyl, or A is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. b 12. The compound according to claim 11, wherein A is selected from, b,or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

13. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein R5is: i) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle, or ii) a 5-membered N-containing heteroaryl substituted with CH3, CD3 or CHF2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

14. The compound according to claim 13, wherein R5is:; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

15. The compound according to claim 14, wherein R5is:or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

16. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein R8and R8’are H, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

17. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein R9is: phenyl substituted with F, or a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

18. The compound according to claim 17, wherein R9is:r a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 0, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

19. The compound according to claim 18, wherein R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl selected from: 0, R10is CF3, CF2H or F, and R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from:halo, OH, CD3, C1-C4haloalkoxy, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein said C1-C4 alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 2 substituents independently selected from CH3,halo, oxo and C(O)O(CH3)3, iii) C3-C5cycloalkyl, iv) halo, v) C(O)OCH3, vi) P(O)(CH3)2, or vii) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, P(O)(CH3)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; R14and R15are independently H or CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

20. The compound according to claim 19, wherein R9is:11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from:,d, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle selected from: d, iii) cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, iv) Br, v) C(O)OCH3, vi) P(O)(CH3)2, or vii)a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

21. The compound according to claim 20, wherein R11is 5- or 6-membered heterocycle selected from:f.

22. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula: 8wherein R1is: i) an 8-, 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, 4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, CN, halo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, iii) OH, oriv) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, C1-C4alkyl, oxo and CN; R12is NHR13, pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl, wherein the pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is C1-C4alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; A is phenyl, a 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, heteroaryl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from halo, CF3, CHF2, CH3, cyclopropyl or CN, or when R1is an optionally substituted 8-, 9- or 10-membered N- containing bicyclic heterocycle A may be absent; R2is H, CH3, halo, CF3or CHF2; R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 8- or 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with halo, or ii) a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with CH3, CD3, CHF2 or OH; X is O or S; R6and R7are each CH3 or together form a cyclopropyl; R8is H, CH3, CO2H or C(O)OCH3 and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3and oxo; R10is CF3, CF2H or halo; R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH,OCH3, CD3, OCHF2, SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, CR14R15OP(O)(OH)2, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, CH3, halo, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3and OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, vi) C(O)OCH3, or vii) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; and R14and R15are independently H or CH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

23. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3,4-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with CH3, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3, OH or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, iii) OH, or iv) a 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C(O)CH3, C1-C4alkyl and oxo; R12is NHR13, pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl, wherein the pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is C1-C4alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; A is phenyl, a 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or thienyl, wherein the phenyl, heteroaryl or thienyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from halo, CF3, CHF2, CH3and cyclopropyl; R2is H, CH3, halo, CF3 or CHF2; R3is H and R4is H, CH3 or CD3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 8- or 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with halo, or ii) a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with CH3, CD3, CHF2 or OH; X is O or S; R6and R7are each CH3 or together form a cyclopropyl; R8is H, CH3, CO2H or C(O)OCH3 and R9is a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl or phenyl, wherein the heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, or wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3 and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3;or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3 and oxo; R10is CF3, CF2H or halo; R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, OCH3, CD3, OCHF2, SO2NH2, CN, C1-C4haloalkyl, C3-C5cycloalkyl, C(O)NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with oxo, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, C(O)NR14R15, CN, NR14R15, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from CN, CH3, halo, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3and OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, vi) C(O)OCH3, or vii) phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo and C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH; and R14and R15are independently H or CH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

24. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula: 8wherein R1is: i) a 9- or 10-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from: C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo or CH3, C1-C4haloalkyl, oxo, and C1-C4alkyl optionally substituted with OCH3 or C3-C4cycloalkyl, wherein the C3- C4cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo, ii) NHCOR12, or iii) OH; R12is NHR13, pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl, wherein the pyridyl, phenyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R13is C1-C4alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 halo; R2 is H, CH3, halo, CF3 or CHF2; R3is H and R4is H or CH3; or R3and R4together form -CH2-CH2-; R5is: i) a 8- or 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with halo, or ii) a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with CH3, CHF2or OH; R6and R7are each CH3or together form a cyclopropyl; R8is H, CH3, CO2H or C(O)OCH3 and R9is: a 5- or 6-membered N-containing heteroaryl optionally substituted with R10or with R10and R11, orphenyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from: halo, CF3 and pyrazine optionally substituted with CF2H or OCH3; or R8and R9together form a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: CH3, CF3 and oxo; R10is CF3, CF2H or halo; R11is: i) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from: halo, OH, OCH3, SO2NH2, a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle, oxo or C1-C4alkyl, wherein the C1-C4alkyl is optionally substituted with OH, OCH3, a 4- to 6- membered heterocycle or C3-C4cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halo, ii) a 9-membered N-containing bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with CN, oxo, C(O)O(CH3)3 or OH, iii) C1-C4alkoxy, iv) C3-C5cycloalkyl, v) halo, or vi) C(O)OCH3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

25. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the compound is selected from Examples 11 to 198, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

26. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of claims 1 to 25 and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, or excipient.

27. A method for treating type II diabetes mellitus comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to any one of claims 1to 25, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition according to claim 26.

28. A method for treating obesity comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 25, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition according to claim 26.

29. A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of claims 1 to 25 for use in therapy.

30. A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of claims 1 to 25 for use in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus.

31. A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of claims 1 to 25 for use in treating obesity.

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