Electric motor rotor structure, synchronous electric motor, and automobile

Abstract

An electric motor rotor structure (100), a synchronous electric motor, and an automobile, which relate to the technical field of permanent-magnet electric motors. The electric motor rotor structure comprises: a rotary shaft (1) and a plurality of rotor laminations (2), wherein the plurality of rotor laminations are sleeved on the rotary shaft, each rotor lamination is provided with a plurality of magnetic pole structures (23), and the plurality of magnetic pole structures are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft; at least two adjacent magnetic pole structures are asymmetrically arranged with respect to a radial line of the rotary shaft and / or at least one magnetic pole structure is asymmetrically arranged with respect to a radial line of the rotary shaft; and each rotor lamination can be placed either face up or face down freely in the axial direction of the rotary shaft.

Description

Motor rotor structure, synchronous motor and automobile

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410827370.6, filed on June 25, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of permanent magnet motors, in particular to a motor rotor structure, a synchronous motor and an automobile. BACKGROUND

[0003] The interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPM) is widely used in the industrial field of traffic electrification due to its high efficiency, wide speed regulation range and high mechanical strength, and is the most mainstream type of electric vehicle drive motor. Under the condition of the same main magnetic flux, the IPM motor can further improve the total torque output capacity by utilizing the newly added reluctance torque compared with the surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor. When designing the motor, the electromagnetic structure can be optimized in combination with the vehicle operating conditions to adjust the permanent magnet flux linkage, direct and quadrature axis inductance and other parameters to obtain ideal motor output characteristics.

[0004] In common motor design, the magnetic pole structure arrangement methods include V-shaped magnetic pole structure, one-letter-shaped magnetic pole structure, U-shaped magnetic pole structure and V-one-shaped magnetic pole structure, and the common point of these magnetic pole structure arrangement methods is that the magnetic pole structures are symmetrically distributed along the center line. The symmetrically distributed magnetic pole structure arrangement produces a symmetrically distributed magnetic field, but this design method cannot solve the problem of excessive harmonic content of motor air gap magnetic density. The ideal waveform of the motor air gap magnetic density should be a sine wave, but in reality it is usually sawtooth-shaped, that is, a superposition of multiple harmonic waves. TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0005] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a motor rotor structure, a synchronous motor and an automobile, in particular to a motor rotor structure, which aims to solve the problem of excessive harmonic content of motor air gap magnetic density in the motor rotor structure. TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the motor rotor structure provided by the present application comprises: a rotating shaft and a plurality of rotor laminations, the plurality of rotor laminations are sleeved on the rotating shaft, the rotor laminations are provided with a plurality of magnetic pole structures, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft; at least two adjacent magnetic pole structures are asymmetrically arranged about the radial line of the rotating shaft and / or at least one magnetic pole structure is asymmetrically arranged about the radial line of the rotating shaft; the rotor laminations have a first surface and a second surface in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, in adjacent two rotor laminations, the first surfaces of the two rotor laminations are opposite to each other, or the second surfaces of the two rotor laminations are opposite to each other, or the first surface of one rotor lamination and the second surface of another rotor lamination are opposite to each other.

[0007] In an embodiment, the plurality of rotor laminations comprises a plurality of first rotor laminations, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the first rotor laminations are first magnetic pole structures; the first magnetic pole structure comprises a first magnet, a second magnet, and a third magnet, one end of the second magnet and the third magnet are adjacently arranged, and the other end is gradually away from the rotation axis, and the first magnet is arranged in the angle region between the second magnet and the third magnet.

[0008] The first magnet is asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotation axis, and / or the second magnet and the third magnet are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotation axis.

[0009] In an embodiment, the radial line of the rotation axis passing through the center of the first magnet is a first radial line, and the angle between the first magnet and the first radial line is not equal to 90 degrees.

[0010] In an embodiment, the radial line of the rotation axis passing through the center of the first magnet is a first radial line, and the angle between the second magnet and the first radial line is not equal to the angle between the third magnet and the first radial line.

[0011] In an embodiment, the radial line of the rotation axis passing through the center of the first magnet is a first radial line, the angle between the first magnet and the first radial line is not equal to 90 degrees, and the angle between the second magnet and the first radial line is not equal to the angle between the third magnet and the first radial line.

[0012] In an embodiment, the plurality of rotor laminations comprises a plurality of second rotor laminations, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the second rotor laminations are second magnetic pole structures and third magnetic pole structures.

[0013] At least one of the second magnetic pole structure and the third magnetic pole structure is asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotation axis, and the second magnetic pole structure and the third magnetic pole structure are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotation axis.

[0014] In at least two adjacent second rotor laminations, the first surfaces of the two second rotor laminations are opposite to each other, or the second surfaces of the two second rotor laminations are opposite to each other.

[0015] In an embodiment, the plurality of rotor laminations comprises a plurality of third rotor laminations, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the third rotor laminations are fourth magnetic pole structures and fifth magnetic pole structures.

[0016] The fourth magnetic pole structure is symmetrically arranged with respect to a radial line of the rotation axis, the fifth magnetic pole structure is symmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotation axis, and the fourth magnetic pole structure and the fifth magnetic pole structure are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotation axis.

[0017] In an embodiment, the magnetic pole structure comprises a first magnet, a second magnet, and a third magnet, one end of the second magnet and the third magnet is arranged adjacent to each other, and the other end is gradually away from the rotation axis, and the first magnet is arranged in the angle region between the second magnet and the third magnet.

[0018] The radial line of the rotation axis passing through the center of the first magnet is a second radial line, and the angle between the second magnet of the fourth magnetic pole structure and the second radial line is not equal to the angle between the second magnet of the fifth magnetic pole structure and the second radial line.

[0019] In an embodiment, the plurality of rotor laminations comprises at least two kinds of rotor laminations, and the at least two kinds of rotor laminations are at least two of a first rotor lamination, a second rotor lamination, and a third rotor lamination.

[0020] The plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the first rotor lamination are first magnetic pole structures, and the first magnetic pole structure comprises a first magnet, a second magnet, and a third magnet, one end of the second magnet and the third magnet is arranged adjacent to each other, and the other end is gradually away from the rotation axis, and the first magnet is arranged in the angle region between the second magnet and the third magnet, wherein the first magnet is asymmetrically arranged with respect to a radial line of the rotation axis, and / or the second magnet and the third magnet are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotation axis.

[0021] The plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the second rotor lamination are second magnetic pole structures and third magnetic pole structures, and at least one of the second magnetic pole structure and the third magnetic pole structure is asymmetrically arranged with respect to a radial line of the rotation axis, and the second magnetic pole structure and the third magnetic pole structure are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotation axis.

[0022] The plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the third rotor lamination are fourth magnetic pole structures and fifth magnetic pole structures, the fourth magnetic pole structure is symmetrically arranged with respect to a radial line of the rotation axis, the fifth magnetic pole structure is symmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotation axis, and the fourth magnetic pole structure and the fifth magnetic pole structure are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotation axis.

[0023] In an embodiment, each of the rotor laminations is arranged in sequence in the axial direction of the rotor shaft, or the at least two rotor laminations are arranged alternately in the axial direction of the rotor shaft.

[0024] The application also provides a synchronous motor, comprising a motor rotor structure, the motor rotor structure comprising: a rotor shaft and a plurality of rotor laminations, the plurality of rotor laminations being sleeved on the rotor shaft, the rotor laminations being provided with a plurality of magnetic pole structures, the plurality of magnetic pole structures being arranged in a circumferential direction of the rotor shaft at intervals; at least two adjacent magnetic pole structures being asymmetrically arranged about a radial line of the rotor shaft and / or at least one magnetic pole structure being asymmetrically arranged about the radial line of the rotor shaft; the rotor laminations having a first surface and a second surface in the axial direction of the rotor shaft, in at least two adjacent rotor laminations, the first surfaces of the two rotor laminations are opposite to each other or the second surfaces of the two rotor laminations are opposite to each other.

[0025] The application also provides a synchronous motor, comprising a motor rotor structure, the motor rotor structure comprising: a rotor shaft and a plurality of rotor laminations, the plurality of rotor laminations being sleeved on the rotor shaft, the rotor laminations being provided with a plurality of magnetic pole structures, the plurality of magnetic pole structures being arranged in a circumferential direction of the rotor shaft at intervals; at least two adjacent magnetic pole structures being asymmetrically arranged about a radial line of the rotor shaft and / or at least one magnetic pole structure being asymmetrically arranged about the radial line of the rotor shaft; the rotor laminations having a first surface and a second surface in the axial direction of the rotor shaft, in at least two adjacent rotor laminations, the first surfaces of the two rotor laminations are opposite to each other or the second surfaces of the two rotor laminations are opposite to each other. Advantages

[0026] The technical scheme of the application can improve the magnetic center gathering ability of the magnetic pole, increase the magnetic field strength, and optimize the sinusoidal nature of the air gap magnetic density curve, thereby reducing the cogging torque and improving the output performance of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0028] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a motor rotor structure provided by the application;

[0029] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a first rotor lamination in the motor rotor structure in Fig. 1;

[0030] Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the first rotor sheet in the motor rotor structure in Fig. 1;

[0031] Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the second rotor sheet in the motor rotor structure in Fig. 1;

[0032] Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the second rotor sheet in the motor rotor structure in Fig. 1.

[0033] Brief Description of the Drawings:

[0034] 100, motor rotor structure; 1, rotating shaft (shown as the rotating shaft installation position); 2, rotor sheet; 21, first surface; 22, second surface; 23, magnetic pole structure; 231, first magnet; 232, second magnet; 233, third magnet; 234, first magnetic pole structure; 235, second magnetic pole structure; 236, third magnetic pole structure; 24, first rotor sheet; 25, second rotor sheet.

[0035] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present application

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] It should be noted that if the present application involves directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0038] In addition, if the description of "first", "second" and the like is involved in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second" and the like is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears throughout the text, it means that the three parallel schemes include the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the A and B schemes. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

[0039] In the design of common motor, the magnetic pole structure arrangement methods including V-type magnetic pole structure, single magnetic pole structure, U-type magnetic pole structure and V-type magnetic pole structure, and the common point of these magnetic pole structure arrangement methods is that the magnetic pole structure is symmetrically distributed along the center line. The symmetrically distributed magnetic pole structure arrangement will produce a symmetrically distributed magnetic field, but this design method cannot solve the problem of high harmonic content of motor air gap magnetic density. The ideal waveform of motor air gap magnetic density should be a sine wave, but in fact it is usually jagged, that is, a plurality of harmonic superpositions.

[0040] Therefore, the motor rotor structure is applied to synchronous motor and automobile.

[0041] Please refer to FIG. 1, in an embodiment of the present application, the motor rotor structure 100 includes a rotating shaft 1 and a plurality of rotor laminations 2, the plurality of rotor laminations 2 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 1, the rotor lamination 2 is provided with a plurality of magnetic pole structures 23, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures 23 are circumferentially spaced apart along the rotating shaft 1; at least two adjacent magnetic pole structures 23 are asymmetrically arranged about the radial line of the rotating shaft 1 and / or at least one magnetic pole structure 23 is asymmetrically arranged about the radial line of the rotating shaft 1 (the radial line of the rotating shaft 1 involved in the asymmetrically arranged single magnetic pole structure 23 is the radial line passing through the inside of the magnetic pole structure 23, and the radial line of the rotating shaft 1 involved in the asymmetrically arranged two magnetic pole structures 23 is the radial line passing through the two magnetic pole structures 23; the corresponding radial line of the rotating shaft 1 in the two forms is not the same radial line); the rotor lamination 2 has a first surface 21 and a second surface 22 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1, and in at least two adjacent rotor laminations 2, the first surfaces 21 of the two rotor laminations 2 are opposite to each other, or the second surfaces 22 of the two rotor laminations 2 are opposite to each other, or the first surface 21 of one rotor lamination 2 and the second surface 22 of the other rotor lamination 2 are opposite to each other.

[0042] In the technical solution of the present application, the motor rotor structure 100 includes a rotating shaft 1 and a plurality of rotor laminations 2. The plurality of rotor laminations 2 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 1 and are stacked along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1 to form the motor rotor structure 100. The rotating shaft 1 provides a rotating condition and allows the plurality of rotor laminations 2 to be installed. The rotor lamination 2 is composed of a plurality of rotor laminations and a magnetic pole structure 23. The plurality of rotor laminations are stacked in the thickness direction of the rotor lamination, and the rotor lamination is provided with a mounting hole. After the plurality of rotor laminations are stacked, a mounting hole with a certain depth is formed, and each magnet of the magnetic pole structure 23 is installed in the mounting hole. In order to reduce the cogging torque, the rotor lamination 2 is provided with a plurality of magnetic pole structures 23, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures are arranged circumferentially along the rotating shaft 1. In a permanent magnet motor, the existence of cogging torque may cause motor torque pulsation, and at the same time, vibration and noise and other adverse effects. In order to solve this problem, a design method of arranging a plurality of magnetic pole structures 23 circumferentially can be used. By arranging a plurality of magnetic pole structures 23 on the rotor lamination 2 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1, and ensuring that the spacing between these magnetic pole structures 23 is equal, the cogging torque can be effectively reduced, and the design of a plurality of magnetic pole structures can help optimize the distribution of the magnetic field, making the magnetic field more uniform, which is very important for improving the efficiency and output power of the motor.

[0043] In addition, when selecting the number of magnetic pole structures 23 of the motor, the following key factors need to be considered: speed requirement, torque requirement, motor size, efficiency and cost; if higher speed is required, fewer magnetic pole structures 23 should be selected; conversely, if lower speed is required, more magnetic pole structures 23 should be selected. The number of magnetic pole structures 23 is proportional to the torque of the motor. If a larger starting torque is required, more magnetic pole structures 23 should be selected; if a smaller starting torque is required, fewer magnetic pole structures 23 should be selected. The size of the motor is proportional to the number of magnetic pole structures 23. In space-limited applications, fewer magnetic pole structures 23 should be selected to reduce the size of the motor. Increasing the number of magnetic pole structures 23 will improve the efficiency of the motor, but will also increase the manufacturing cost. Therefore, under the premise of meeting the performance requirements, the number of magnetic pole structures 23 with the highest cost-effectiveness should be selected. Therefore, the number of magnetic pole structures 23 in the embodiments of the present application is 6, but this does not mean that all embodiments of the present application only include 6 magnetic pole structures 23.

[0044] In the field of motor rotor technology, the shape of the magnetic pole structure 23 of the permanent magnet has a direct impact on the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic flux density. The present application reduces the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic flux density by setting an asymmetric magnetic pole structure 23. Because the asymmetric magnetic pole structure 23 changes the shape and arrangement of the magnetic poles, breaking the original symmetry, the distribution of the air gap magnetic flux density is more uniform, reducing the generation of harmonics. This structure has a significant magnetic concentrating effect, high air gap magnetic induction density, high output power, and can effectively reduce the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic flux density. The asymmetric magnetic pole structure 23 includes a single magnetic pole structure 23 and an asymmetric arrangement between the magnetic pole structures 23.

[0045] By adjusting the structure shape, size, and thickness of the magnetic pole structure 23, the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic flux density can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the performance of the motor. The magnetic pole structure 23 can be composed of an array of small magnets, and the width, thickness, and spacing between the magnets conform to a modulation relationship. By reasonably arranging the position and arrangement of the small magnets on the rotor to achieve an asymmetric structure, or by setting different magnetic pole structures 23 to achieve an asymmetric relationship between the magnetic pole structures 23, the generated air gap magnetic field waveform can be made closer to a sine wave, thereby reducing the harmonic effect.

[0046] To improve the magnetic field distribution and air gap magnetic flux density of the motor, the rotor laminations 2 have a first face 21 and a second face 22 in the axial direction of the rotor shaft 1, and in at least two adjacent rotor laminations 2, the first faces 21 of the two rotor laminations 2 are opposite each other or the second faces 22 of the two rotor laminations 2 are opposite each other. That is, there are two types of rotor laminations 2 with opposite placement directions, and the magnetic field lines between the rotor laminations 2 are opposite, which can improve the magnetic field distribution. By reasonably arranging the rotor laminations 2, the magnetic field lines can be more uniformly distributed on the rotor, thereby reducing the harmonic content. Since the rotor is composed of multiple layers of rotor laminations 2, the number and placement position of the rotor laminations 2 with opposite placement directions can be different to achieve different combinations, change the axial magnetic field of the motor, and weaken the corresponding order harmonics according to different combinations.

[0047] The plurality of rotor laminations 2 comprises a plurality of first rotor laminations 24, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures 23 corresponding on the first rotor laminations 24 are first magnetic pole structures 234; the first magnetic pole structures 234 comprise a first magnet 231, a second magnet 232, and a third magnet 233, one end of the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the other end is arranged away from the rotating shaft 1 in a gradually away manner, and the first magnet 231 is arranged in the included angle region between the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233; wherein the first magnet 231 is arranged asymmetrically about the radial line of the rotating shaft 1, and / or the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 are arranged asymmetrically about the radial line of the rotating shaft 1.

[0048] In the present application, the magnetic pole structure 23 comprises a first magnet 231, a second magnet 232, and a third magnet 233, the rotating shaft 1 has a radial line passing through the midpoint of the first magnet 231, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 are located on both sides of the radial line, and the magnetic pole structure 23 is asymmetric about the radial line; wherein the first magnet 231, the second magnet 232, and the third magnet 233 are arranged in a "triangle" shape, which can make the magnetic field more uniformly distributed inside the motor, thereby reducing the harmonic content, which helps to reduce the vibration and noise of the motor during operation, and improves the stability of the motor. In certain cases, such a magnetic pole structure 23 can act as a magnetic shield, reducing magnetic field leakage and improving the overall performance of the motor. In addition, the asymmetric arrangement of the magnetic pole structure 23 can effectively improve the problem of excessive air gap flux density. This structure can optimize the distribution of air gap flux density and reduce the harmonic content of air gap flux density by changing the shape and layout of the magnetic pole structure 23, thereby improving the output performance and efficiency of the motor.

[0049] In order to understand the technical solutions of the present embodiment, the magnetic pole structure 23 comprises a first magnet 231, a second magnet 232, and a third magnet 233, and there is a radial line of the rotating shaft 1 passing through the center of the first magnet 231, the included angle between the first magnet 231 and the radial line is A, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 are located on both sides of the radial line, the acute angle between the extension direction of the second magnet 232 and the radial line is B, and the acute angle between the extension direction of the third magnet 233 and the radial line is C.

[0050] The radial line of the rotation axis 1 passing through the center of the first magnet 231 is a first radial line, and the angle between the first magnet 231 and the first radial line is not equal to 90 degrees. Alternatively, the radial line of the rotation axis 1 passing through the center of the first magnet 231 is a first radial line, and the angle between the second magnet 232 and the first radial line is not equal in size to the angle between the third magnet 233 and the first radial line. One of the conditions, then the single magnetic pole structure 23 is an asymmetric structure. For ease of understanding, please refer to FIG. 1, that is: at least one of the following conditions is met: A≠90° or B≠C. Wherein, A≠90° means that in the arrangement of the first magnet 231, the first magnet 231 is not symmetric about the radial line; B≠C means that in the arrangement of the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 are not symmetric about the radial line. As long as one of them is met, the magnetic pole structure 23 is an asymmetric structure. If, at the same time, the radial line of the rotation axis 1 passing through the center of the first magnet 231 is a first radial line, the angle between the first magnet 231 and the first radial line is not equal to 90 degrees, and the angle between the second magnet 232 and the first radial line is not equal in size to the angle between the third magnet 233 and the first radial line. That is: A≠90° and B≠C can also achieve the setting form of the asymmetric structure.

[0051] According to different magnetic field distribution effects and different setting modes of the magnetic pole structure 23, the following embodiments can be divided into several categories (but not limited to the following embodiments):

[0052] In the first embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2, the plurality of rotor laminations 2 includes a plurality of first rotor laminations 24, and the motor rotor structure 100 only includes the first rotor lamination 24. The magnetic pole structure 23 corresponding to the first rotor lamination 24 is a first magnetic pole structure 234; wherein the first magnetic pole structure 234 is an asymmetric structure about the radial line, and the second magnet 232 of the first magnetic pole structure 234 and the third magnet 233 of the first magnetic pole structure 234 are symmetric about the radial line. That is: the angles between the first magnet 231, the second magnet 232, and the third magnet 233 of the first magnetic pole structure 234 and the radial line are A1, B1, and C1 respectively, and the first magnetic pole structure 234 satisfies A1≠90° and B1=C1. Six first magnetic pole structures 234 are arranged in the circumferential direction. In this setting mode, the first magnet 231 is an asymmetric structure about the first radial line, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 are symmetric structures about the first radial line, the first magnetic pole structure 234 is an asymmetric structure, and the first rotor lamination 24 is an asymmetric structure.

[0053] In order to weaken the different order harmonics, the axial magnetic field of the motor can be changed by different combinations of the forward and reverse stacking of the rotor laminations 2, and the corresponding order harmonics can be weakened according to different combination forms. The number of the first rotor laminations 24, and the number and position of the first rotor laminations 24 stacked reversely are selected according to requirements and effects.

[0054] In the second type of embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, the plurality of rotor laminations 2 includes a plurality of first rotor laminations 24, and the magnetic pole structures 23 corresponding to the first rotor laminations 24 are first magnetic pole structures 234; wherein the first magnetic body 231 of the first magnetic pole structure 234 is in an asymmetric structure with respect to the first radial line, and the second magnetic body 232 and the third magnetic body 233 of the first magnetic pole structure 234 are in an asymmetric structure with respect to the first radial line. That is, the included angles of the first magnetic body 231, the second magnetic body 232, and the third magnetic body 233 of the first magnetic pole structure 234 with respect to the first radial line are A1, B1, and C1 respectively, and the first magnetic pole structure 234 satisfies A1≠90° and B1≠C1. In this arrangement, the first magnetic body 231 is in an asymmetric structure with respect to the first radial line, and the second magnetic body 232 and the third magnetic body 233 are also in an asymmetric structure with respect to the first radial line, so the first magnetic pole structure 234 is an asymmetric structure, and the first rotor lamination 24 is an asymmetric structure.

[0055] In order to weaken the different order harmonics, the axial magnetic field of the motor can be changed by different combinations of the forward and reverse stacking of the rotor laminations 2, and the corresponding order harmonics can be weakened according to different combination forms. The number of the first rotor laminations 24, and the number and position of the first rotor laminations 24 stacked reversely are selected according to requirements and effects.

[0056] In the implementation of the asymmetric form between the two magnetic pole structures 23, the plurality of rotor laminations 2 includes a plurality of second rotor laminations 25, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures 23 corresponding to the second rotor laminations 25 are second magnetic pole structures 235 and third magnetic pole structures 236; at least one of the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 is arranged asymmetrically with respect to the radial line of the rotation shaft 1, and the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 are arranged asymmetrically with respect to the radial line of the rotation shaft 1; in at least two adjacent second rotor laminations 25, the first faces 21 of the two second rotor laminations 25 are opposite to each other or the second faces 22 of the two second rotor laminations 25 are opposite to each other.

[0057] In the third type of embodiment, referring to FIG. 4, the plurality of rotor laminations 2 comprises a plurality of second rotor laminations 25, the magnetic pole structures 23 on the second rotor laminations 25 are second magnetic pole structures 235 and third magnetic pole structures 236; the first magnetic body 231 of the second magnetic pole structures 235 is asymmetric about the radial line, the second magnetic body 232 and the third magnetic body 233 of the second magnetic pole structures 235 are symmetric about the radial line; the first magnetic body 231 of the third magnetic pole structures 236 is asymmetric about the radial line, the second magnetic body 232 and the third magnetic body 233 of the third magnetic pole structures 236 are symmetric about the radial line; the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 are asymmetric about any straight line passing through the axis of the rotation shaft 1. That is, the angles between the first magnetic body 231, the second magnetic body 232, the third magnetic body 233 of the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the radial line are A2, B2, C2 respectively; the angles between the first magnetic body 231, the second magnetic body 232, the third magnetic body 233 of the third magnetic pole structures 236 and the radial line are A3, B3, C3 respectively; the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 satisfy A2≠90°, B2=C2, A3≠90°, B3=C3 and A2≠A3. The second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 are six magnetic pole structures 23 arranged in the circumferential direction. The number and installation position of the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 can be arranged according to the magnetic field requirement. In this arrangement, the first magnetic body 231 of the second magnetic pole structures 235 is asymmetric about the radial line, the second magnetic body 232 and the third magnetic body 233 of the second magnetic pole structures 235 are symmetric about the radial line, so the second magnetic pole structures 235 are asymmetric about the axis; the first magnetic body 231 of the third magnetic pole structures 236 is asymmetric about the radial line, the second magnetic body 232 and the third magnetic body 233 of the third magnetic pole structures 236 are symmetric about the radial line, so the third magnetic pole structures 236 are asymmetric about the axis; the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 cannot form a symmetric structure.

[0058] In order to weaken different orders of harmonics, the axial magnetic field of the motor can be changed by different combinations of forward and reverse stacking of the rotor laminations 2, and different combinations can be used to weaken the corresponding orders of harmonics. The number of second rotor laminations 25, as well as the number and position of the second rotor laminations 25 stacked in reverse, are selected according to requirements and effects.

[0059] In the fourth type of embodiment, referring to FIG. 5, the plurality of rotor laminations 2 comprises a plurality of second rotor laminations 25, the magnetic pole structures 23 on the second rotor laminations 25 correspond to second magnetic pole structures 235 and third magnetic pole structures 236; the first magnetic body 231 of the second magnetic pole structures 235 is asymmetric about the radial line, the second magnetic body 232 and the third magnetic body 233 of the second magnetic pole structures 235 are asymmetric about the radial line; the first magnetic body 231 of the third magnetic pole structures 236 is asymmetric about the radial line, the second magnetic body 232 and the third magnetic body 233 of the third magnetic pole structures 236 are asymmetric about the radial line; the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 are asymmetric about any straight line passing through the shaft 1 axis. That is, the included angle between the first magnetic body 231, the second magnetic body 232, the third magnetic body 233 of the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the radial line is A2, B2, C2 respectively; the included angle between the first magnetic body 231, the second magnetic body 232, the third magnetic body 233 of the third magnetic pole structures 236 and the radial line is A3, B3, C3 respectively; the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 satisfy: A2≠90°, B2≠C2; A3≠90°, B3≠C3; and at least one of A2≠A3, B2≠B3, C2≠C3. The second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 are six magnetic pole structures 23 arranged in the circumferential direction. The number and installation position of the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 can be arranged according to the magnetic field requirement. In this arrangement, the first magnetic body 231 of the second magnetic pole structures 235 is asymmetric about the radial line, the second magnetic body 232 and the third magnetic body 233 of the second magnetic pole structures 235 are asymmetric about the radial line, so the second magnetic pole structures 235 are non-axially symmetric structures; the first magnetic body 231 of the third magnetic pole structures 236 is asymmetric about the radial line, the second magnetic body 232 and the third magnetic body 233 of the third magnetic pole structures 236 are asymmetric about the radial line, so the third magnetic pole structures 236 are non-axially symmetric structures; the second magnetic pole structures 235 and the third magnetic pole structures 236 cannot form a symmetric structure.

[0060] In order to weaken different order harmonics, the axial magnetic field of the motor can be changed by different combinations of forward and reverse stacking of the rotor laminations 2, and different combinations can be used to weaken the corresponding order harmonics. The number of second rotor laminations 25, as well as the number and position of the second rotor laminations 25 stacked in reverse, are selected according to requirements and effects.

[0061] In the implementation of the asymmetric form between the two magnetic pole structures 23, the plurality of rotor laminations 2 comprises a plurality of second rotor laminations 25, the plurality of magnetic pole structures 23 corresponding on the second rotor laminations 25 are fourth magnetic pole structures and fifth magnetic pole structures; the fourth magnetic pole structures are symmetrically arranged about the radial line of the rotation axis 1, the fifth magnetic pole structures are symmetrically arranged about the radial line of the rotation axis 1, and the fourth magnetic pole structures and the fifth magnetic pole structures are asymmetrically arranged about the radial line of the rotation axis 1.

[0062] The magnetic pole structures 23 comprise a first magnet 231, a second magnet 232, and a third magnet 233, one end of the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 is adjacently arranged, the other end is gradually away from the rotation axis 1, and the first magnet 231 is arranged in the included angle region between the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233; the radial line of the rotation axis 1 passing through the center of the first magnet 231 is a second radial line, the included angle between the second magnet 232 of the fourth magnetic pole structure and the second radial line is not equal to the included angle between the second magnet 232 of the fifth magnetic pole structure and the second radial line. (That is, the following fifth type of embodiment)

[0063] In the fifth type of embodiment, the plurality of rotor laminations 2 comprises a plurality of third rotor laminations, the magnetic pole structures 23 on the third rotor laminations correspond to fourth magnetic pole structures and fifth magnetic pole structures; the first magnet 231 of the fourth magnetic pole structure is symmetric about the radial line, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 of the fourth magnetic pole structure are symmetric about the radial line; the first magnet 231 of the fifth magnetic pole structure is symmetric about the radial line, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 of the fifth magnetic pole structure are symmetric about the radial line; the fourth magnetic pole structure and the fifth magnetic pole structure are asymmetric about any straight line passing through the shaft 1 axis. That is, the included angle between the first magnet 231, the second magnet 232, the third magnet 233 of the fourth magnetic pole structure and the radial line is A4, B4, C4 respectively; the included angle between the first magnet 231, the second magnet 232, the third magnet 233 of the fifth magnetic pole structure and the radial line is A5, B5, C5 respectively; the fourth magnetic pole structure and the fifth magnetic pole structure satisfy A4=A5=0°, B4=C4, B5=C5; and at least satisfy B4≠B5, the first magnet 231 of the fourth magnetic pole structure and the first magnet 231 of the fifth magnetic pole structure are not symmetric about any axis, one of which. The fourth magnetic pole structure and the fifth magnetic pole structure are arranged in the circumferential direction. The number and installation position of the fourth magnetic pole structure and the fifth magnetic pole structure can be arranged according to the magnetic field demand. In this arrangement, the first magnet 231 of the fourth magnetic pole structure is symmetric about the radial line, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 of the fourth magnetic pole structure are symmetric about the radial line, so the fourth magnetic pole structure is axisymmetric; the first magnet 231 of the fifth magnetic pole structure is symmetric about the radial line, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 of the fifth magnetic pole structure are symmetric about the radial line, so the fifth magnetic pole structure is axisymmetric; however, the fourth magnetic pole structure and the fifth magnetic pole structure cannot form a symmetric structure.

[0064] In order to weaken different order harmonics, the axial magnetic field of the motor can be changed by different combinations of forward and reverse stacking of the rotor laminations 2, and different combinations can be used to weaken the corresponding order harmonics. The number of third rotor laminations, and the number and position of the third rotor laminations stacked in reverse, are selected according to requirements and effects.

[0065] In the sixth type of embodiment, the plurality of rotor laminations includes a plurality of fourth rotor laminations, the magnetic pole structures 23 on the fourth rotor laminations are sixth magnetic pole structures and seventh magnetic pole structures; the first magnet 231 of the sixth magnetic pole structure is symmetric about the radial line, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 of the sixth magnetic pole structure are symmetric about the radial line; the first magnet 231 of the seventh magnetic pole structure is symmetric about the radial line, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 of the seventh magnetic pole structure are symmetric about the radial line; the sixth magnetic pole structure and the seventh magnetic pole structure are asymmetric about any straight line passing through the axis of the rotating shaft 1. That is, the angles between the first magnet 231, the second magnet 232, the third magnet 233 of the sixth magnetic pole structure and the radial line are A6, B6, C6 respectively; the angles between the first magnet 231, the second magnet 232, the third magnet 233 of the seventh magnetic pole structure and the radial line are A7, B7, C7 respectively; the sixth magnetic pole structure and the seventh magnetic pole structure satisfy A6=A7=90°, B6=C6, B7=C7; and also satisfy B6=B7. The sixth magnetic pole structure and the seventh magnetic pole structure are arranged in the circumferential direction and there are six magnetic pole structures 23 in total. The number and installation position of the sixth magnetic pole structure and the seventh magnetic pole structure can be arranged according to the magnetic field requirement. In this arrangement, the first magnet 231 of the sixth magnetic pole structure is symmetric about the radial line, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 of the sixth magnetic pole structure are symmetric about the radial line, so the sixth magnetic pole structure is axisymmetric; the first magnet 231 of the seventh magnetic pole structure is symmetric about the radial line, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 of the seventh magnetic pole structure are symmetric about the radial line, so the seventh magnetic pole structure is axisymmetric; however, the first magnet 231 of the sixth magnetic pole structure and the first magnet 231 of the seventh magnetic pole structure are not symmetric about any axis, because the distance between the first magnet 231 of the sixth magnetic pole structure and the first magnet 231 of the seventh magnetic pole structure and the rotating shaft 1 is different. Therefore, the sixth magnetic pole structure and the seventh magnetic pole structure cannot form a symmetric structure.

[0066] In order to weaken different orders of harmonics, the axial magnetic field of the motor can be changed by different combinations of forward and reverse stacking of the rotor laminations 2, and different combinations can be used to weaken the corresponding orders of harmonics. The number of fourth rotor laminations, and the number and position of the fourth rotor laminations stacked in reverse, are selected according to requirements and effects.

[0067] In the motor rotor structure 100, the arrangement of the rotor laminations 2 is various, and can include only one kind of rotor lamination 2 or multiple kinds of rotor laminations 2. The multiple rotor laminations 2 include at least two kinds of rotor laminations 2, which are at least two of the first rotor lamination 24, the second rotor lamination 25, the third rotor lamination, and even the fourth rotor lamination. Each kind of the rotor laminations 2 is sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the shaft 1, or the at least two kinds of rotor laminations 2 are alternately arranged in the axial direction of the shaft 1.

[0068] In the seventh embodiment, the multiple rotor laminations 2 include different kinds of rotor laminations 2 sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the shaft 1. The number of the kinds of rotor laminations 2 can be two or three, and other numbers. The number of each kind of rotor lamination 2 can be one, two, or more. In order to weaken the harmonics of different orders, the axial magnetic field of the motor can be changed by different combinations of the forward and reverse arrangement of the rotor laminations 2, and the corresponding order of harmonics can be weakened according to different combinations. Therefore, generally, the number of at least one kind of rotor lamination 2 is greater than two, so as to achieve the effect of forward and reverse arrangement. The forward and reverse arrangement can exist in one kind of rotor lamination 2, or in two kinds of rotor laminations 2, or in all kinds of rotor laminations 2. In one embodiment, the multiple rotor laminations 2 include multiple first rotor laminations 24, multiple second rotor laminations 25, multiple third rotor laminations, and multiple fourth rotor laminations sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the shaft 1. In at least two adjacent and same rotor laminations 2, the first faces 21 of the two rotor laminations 2 are opposite to each other, or the second faces 22 of the two rotor laminations 2 are opposite to each other. In the multiple first rotor laminations 24, the multiple second rotor laminations 25, the multiple third rotor laminations, and the multiple fourth rotor laminations, at least one kind of rotor lamination 2 exists in at least two same rotor laminations 2, and the first faces 21 of the two rotor laminations 2 are opposite to each other, or the second faces 22 of the two rotor laminations 2 are opposite to each other.

[0069] The magnetic pole structures 23 and the arrangement of the rotor laminations 2 in the above seven embodiments can improve the sinusoidal degree of the air gap magnetic flux waveform. The offset mode of the magnetic pole structure 23 can be selected according to the actual output performance, so as to reduce the harmonic content of the corresponding order and weaken the vibration and noise of the motor. The present application can match the corresponding angle offset mode while selecting different magnetic pole structure arrangement modes according to different performance requirements of the motor, so as to obtain multiple motor magnetic pole structure arrangement methods. At this time, the asymmetric magnetic field of the motor can weaken the harmonic content of the corresponding order.

[0070] In the initial motor design, firstly, the magnetic pole structure arrangement of the motor is selected according to the target limit of the required output performance and cost and the like. Then, the form of the magnetic pole structure 23 offset angle can be selected according to the required optimization design requirement. The more the offset angle, the more difficult the corresponding design and the more complex the optimization process, but the corresponding order harmonic can be optimized to meet the design input requirement. The magnetic pole structure 23 offset angle and the form of the positive and negative stacking of the rotor lamination 2 can be determined through simulation experiment, and is used for manufacturing after meeting the design requirement, and cannot be adjusted subsequently. However, when the subsequent design target changes, the stacking mode or the offset angle of the rotor lamination 2 can be selected to be adjusted through simulation to achieve the optimization target, and then the manufacturing is adjusted according to the simulation input.

[0071] The application includes the above-mentioned seven types of embodiments, but is not limited to the above-mentioned seven types of embodiments. In addition, further improvements can be made on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0072] In one aspect, the method proposed in this application is based on the magnet offset angle, and in actual design, different types of magnets will affect the axial and radial magnetic field distribution of the motor. The design method of the rotor structure can be considered comprehensively by combining the magnet type and the magnet offset angle. Because, in the design of permanent magnet synchronous motors, magnet type and magnet offset angle are two key factors that affect the performance of the motor. The magnet type determines the magnetic properties of the magnet, while the magnet offset angle affects the cogging torque and harmonic distortion of the motor. The magnet type usually refers to the magnetic energy product of the magnet, which represents the magnetic energy density established by the two magnetic poles of the magnet, i.e. the static magnetic energy per unit volume of the air gap. The larger the magnetic energy product, the higher the performance of the magnet, which can provide a stronger magnetic field and higher magnetic force. When selecting the magnet type, the application scenario and required performance indicators of the motor need to be considered to ensure that the magnet can meet the design requirements. The magnet offset angle refers to the angle by which the permanent magnet is installed in the rotor deviates from its original position. By adjusting the magnet offset angle, the cogging torque and harmonic distortion of the motor can be changed. A proper magnet offset angle can weaken the cogging torque of the motor, reduce torque ripple, and improve the performance of the motor. When designing the rotor structure, the magnet type and magnet offset angle need to be considered comprehensively. First, select the appropriate magnet type according to the design indicators and application requirements of the motor. Then, calculate the magnet offset angle that makes the peak-to-peak value of the cogging torque as small as possible through an optimization algorithm to achieve the purpose of reducing torque ripple. In addition, the performance of the motor can be further optimized by adjusting the magnet thickness and offset angle. By considering the magnet type and magnet offset angle comprehensively, a permanent magnet synchronous motor with superior performance can be designed. This design method can effectively reduce torque ripple, improve the operating efficiency and stability of the motor. At the same time, this method can also reduce the vibration and noise of the motor, prolong the service life of the motor. In summary, the magnet type and magnet offset angle play a crucial role in the design of the rotor structure. By considering these two factors comprehensively, the performance and efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be significantly improved.

[0073] In another aspect, the auxiliary slot or air gap slot structure is considered: to weaken the different order harmonics and optimize the motor magnetic circuit, the auxiliary slot method is also considered, and the auxiliary slot optimization method is added to the magnet offset angle optimization design to achieve higher motor performance. Opening auxiliary slots or air gap slots on the rotor lamination 2 has several advantages: 1. Easy to install winding: these windings form an electromagnetic field after being energized, which in turn generates power or electrical energy. 2. Reduce loss: the presence of stator and rotor teeth will generate pulsating loss when rotating. Using closed slots can shorten the effective air gap, weaken the pulsation of the air gap magnetic field, reduce the excitation magnetic potential, and reduce the loss of harmonic magnetic field, thereby improving motor performance. 3. Improve balance: in large motors, higher balance is required, and even slot laminations can improve the balance of the motor, especially at high speed. 4. Reduce leakage: opening appropriate slots at the opening of the rotor slot can increase the magnetic resistance of the leakage flux and reduce leakage, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor. 5. Improve starting performance: using specific slot shapes such as deep slots or double cage types can improve the starting performance of the motor, reduce the starting current, and improve the starting torque. 6. Reduce noise: closed slots can reduce motor noise, especially electromagnetic noise and vibration.

[0074] In order to realize the fixed installation of the rotor lamination 2, a pressing device is arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft 1 to press and limit the rotor lamination 2, preventing the rotor lamination 2 from moving axially along the rotating shaft 1. However, since the rotor lamination 2 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 1, when the rotating shaft 1 rotates, the rotor lamination 2 can rotate axially along the rotating shaft 1, at which time the position of the magnetic pole structure 23 will change, and the corresponding magnetic field will also change, resulting in disorder. Therefore, the rotor lamination 2 needs to be circumferentially fixed. Specifically, the rotating shaft 1 is provided with a groove, and the rotor lamination 2 is provided with a protrusion for cooperating with the groove to circumferentially limit the rotor lamination 2. In addition, multiple protrusions can be arranged circumferentially on the rotor lamination 2, which can rotate the rotor lamination 2 to make different protrusions cooperate with the groove, thereby constructing different magnetic fields. In another embodiment, the optical axis passes through the rotor lamination 2 by interference fit or other methods, and the friction between the rotating shaft 1 and the rotor lamination 2 prevents the rotor lamination 2 from rotating relative to the rotating shaft 1. The interference fit installation method simplifies the processing of the rotor lamination and the rotating shaft 1, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of processing.

[0075] Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) motor is widely used in the field of transportation electrification and other industrial fields due to its high efficiency, wide speed range and high mechanical strength. It is the most popular type of electric vehicle drive motor. Compared with surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor, IPM motor can further improve the total torque output capacity by using the newly added reluctance torque under the condition of the same main magnetic flux. When designing the motor, the electromagnetic structure can be optimized according to the vehicle operating conditions, and the permanent magnet flux linkage, direct and quadrature axis inductance and other parameters can be adjusted to obtain the ideal motor output characteristics.

[0076] Based on the magnetic pole structure 23 and the core structure, the IPM motor structure can be divided into four topological groups, which are symmetric magnetic pole structure 23 and symmetric core structure, symmetric magnetic pole structure 23 and asymmetric core structure, asymmetric magnetic pole structure 23 and symmetric core structure, and asymmetric magnetic pole structure 23 and asymmetric core structure. The traditional IPM motor is the symmetric magnetic pole structure 23 and the symmetric core structure, which has an inherent current angle difference between the peak points of the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque. The IPM motor with asymmetric rotor can improve the torque density by reducing the current angle difference of the peak points of the permanent magnet or reluctance torque without increasing the material usage and maintaining the simple topological structure. However, the above-mentioned IPM motors with symmetric and asymmetric rotors do not consider the axial segmentation. When the axial symmetry and asymmetry variables are added, the IPM motor topology with asymmetric rotor can be divided into non-segmented asymmetric IPM motor and segmented offset asymmetric IPM motor. The segmented offset can reduce the tooth harmonics of the motor, and reduce the harmonic torque and vibration noise of the motor. The present application can use the magnetic pole structure 23 offset angle to realize the asymmetric interior permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor structure 100, and can consider the axial segmentation to improve the motor torque density while reducing the torque ripple of the motor.

[0077] The present application aims to propose an interior permanent magnet synchronous (IPM) motor rotor structure 100 based on the magnetic pole structure 23 offset angle, and the structure can realize various combinations of motor performance rotor structures using a simple rotor topology, and simultaneously consider the axial and radial motor magnetic fields. The IPM motor operates by the interaction of the magnetic pole structure 23 embedded in the rotor and the magnetic field generated by the stator three-phase winding. The design of the rotor structure will greatly affect the output performance of the motor, and the most important part is the arrangement of the magnetic pole structure 23. The method of magnetic pole structure 23 offset angle proposed in the present application can change the axial and radial magnetic fields of the motor while ensuring no cost increment and ensuring the simplicity of the rotor topology, and realize the improvement of the motor output torque capacity, efficiency and torque ripple performance.

[0078] The synchronous motor provided in the application comprises a motor rotor structure 100, the specific structure of which is referred to the above embodiments, and since the synchronous motor adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0079] The synchronous motor based on the motor rotor structure 100 also has the following beneficial effects:

[0080] The synchronous motor of the application improves the motor torque density without increasing the rotor processing difficulty and cost.

[0081] Simplify the processing and optimization design process of the motor: in the prior art, improving the torque density or weakening the torque ripple is the main target of the design, then a large number of slots with different angles and layers are opened on the rotor, and different sizes of magnetic pole structures 23 are used, so that the processing process of the rotor is more complex, and increasing the number of layers of the magnetic pole structure 23 also means that the amount of the magnetic pole structure 23 is increased, which also increases the manufacturing cost of the motor. In addition, when further optimizing the design of the motor, the complex structure of the rotor also increases the parameters and constraints of the optimization design, thereby increasing the difficulty of the optimization design of the motor. The composition of the magnetic pole structure 23 in the application is the same, and the first magnet 231, the second magnet 232 and the third magnet 233 of different magnetic pole structures 23 are the same, which is convenient for production and manufacturing, and easy to open mounting holes on the rotor lamination 2 for magnet installation. By opening mounting holes with different angles, installing magnets, and obtaining different magnetic pole structures 23, different types of rotor laminations 2 can be produced and manufactured.

[0082] The motor rotor structure 100 design considers the axial and radial motor magnetic field: at present, the improvement of the motor torque density is mainly in the radial magnetic field distribution of the motor, and the weakening of the motor torque ripple generally considers the axial magnetic field of the motor. Whether it is radial or axial magnetic field distribution, it needs to be realized by increasing the design of the rotor, and the radial magnetic field of the motor needs to change the arrangement method of the magnetic pole structure 23, and the axial magnetic field is generally realized by the rotor skew pole. In the prior art, the axial and radial magnetic fields are not considered in the design, and the magnetic body offset angle is used in the design of the motor rotor structure 100, which can optimize the axial and radial magnetic fields of the motor.

[0083] The application provides an automobile comprising the above synchronous motor and the motor rotor structure 100. The specific structure of the motor rotor structure 100 is referred to the above embodiments, and since the synchronous motor adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0084] The above merely illustrates the embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformation, direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, or the like, which is made based on the technical concept of the present application, and utilizes the content of the present application specification and drawings, is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric machine rotor structure, wherein, The motor rotor structure comprises: a rotating shaft; and a plurality of rotor laminations sleeved on the rotating shaft, the rotor laminations being provided with a plurality of magnetic pole structures, the plurality of magnetic pole structures being arranged in a circumferential direction of the rotating shaft at intervals; at least two adjacent magnetic pole structures are asymmetrically arranged with respect to a radial line of the rotating shaft and / or at least one magnetic pole structure is asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotating shaft; the rotor laminations have first surfaces and second surfaces in an axial direction of the rotating shaft, in at least two adjacent rotor laminations, first surfaces of the two rotor laminations are opposite to each other, or second surfaces of the two rotor laminations are opposite to each other, or a first surface of one rotor lamination and a second surface of another rotor lamination are opposite to each other.

2. The motor rotor structure of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of rotor laminations comprises a plurality of first rotor laminations, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the first rotor laminations are first magnetic pole structures; the first magnetic pole structures comprise a first magnet, a second magnet and a third magnet, one end of the second magnet and the third magnet is arranged adjacent to each other, and the other end is gradually away from the rotating shaft, and the first magnet is arranged in an included angle region between the second magnet and the third magnet; wherein the first magnet is asymmetrically arranged with respect to a radial line of the rotating shaft, and / or the second magnet and the third magnet are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotating shaft.

3. The motor rotor structure of claim 2, wherein, A radial line of the rotating shaft passing through the center of the first magnet is a first radial line, and an angle between the first magnet and the first radial line is not equal to 90 degrees.

4. The motor rotor structure of claim 2, wherein, A radial line of the rotating shaft passing through the center of the first magnet is a first radial line, and an angle between the second magnet and the first radial line is not equal in size to an angle between the third magnet and the first radial line.

5. The motor rotor structure of claim 2, wherein, A radial line of the rotating shaft passing through the center of the first magnet is a first radial line, and an angle between the first magnet and the first radial line is not equal to 90 degrees, and an angle between the second magnet and the first radial line is not equal in size to an angle between the third magnet and the first radial line.

6. The motor rotor structure of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of rotor laminations comprises a plurality of second rotor laminations, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the second rotor laminations are second magnetic pole structures and third magnetic pole structures; at least one of the second magnetic pole structures and the third magnetic pole structures is asymmetrically arranged with respect to a radial line of the rotating shaft, and the second magnetic pole structures and the third magnetic pole structures are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotating shaft; in at least two adjacent second rotor laminations, first surfaces of the two second rotor laminations are opposite to each other, or second surfaces of the two second rotor laminations are opposite to each other.

7. The motor rotor structure of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of rotor laminations comprises a plurality of third rotor laminations, and the plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the third rotor laminations are fourth magnetic pole structures and fifth magnetic pole structures; the fourth magnetic pole structures are symmetrically arranged with respect to a radial line of the rotating shaft, the fifth magnetic pole structures are symmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotating shaft, and the fourth magnetic pole structures and the fifth magnetic pole structures are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the radial line of the rotating shaft.

8. The motor rotor structure of claim 7, wherein, The magnetic pole structure comprises a first magnet, a second magnet and a third magnet, one end of the second magnet and the third magnet is arranged adjacently, the other end is arranged gradually away from the rotation shaft, and the first magnet is arranged in the angle region between the second magnet and the third magnet. A radial line of the rotation shaft passing through the center of the first magnet is a second radial line, and the angle between the second magnet of the fourth magnetic pole structure and the second radial line is not equal to the angle between the second magnet of the fifth magnetic pole structure and the second radial line.

9. The motor rotor structure of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of rotor laminations comprises at least two kinds of rotor laminations, which are at least two of a first rotor lamination, a second rotor lamination and a third rotor lamination. The plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the first rotor lamination are first magnetic pole structures, and the first magnetic pole structure comprises a first magnet, a second magnet and a third magnet, one end of the second magnet and the third magnet is arranged adjacently, the other end is arranged gradually away from the rotation shaft, and the first magnet is arranged in the angle region between the second magnet and the third magnet, wherein the first magnet is arranged asymmetrically about a radial line of the rotation shaft, and / or the second magnet and the third magnet are arranged asymmetrically about the radial line of the rotation shaft. The plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the second rotor lamination are second magnetic pole structures and third magnetic pole structures, at least one of the second magnetic pole structure and the third magnetic pole structure is arranged asymmetrically about a radial line of the rotation shaft, and the second magnetic pole structure and the third magnetic pole structure are arranged asymmetrically about the radial line of the rotation shaft. The plurality of magnetic pole structures corresponding to the third rotor lamination are fourth magnetic pole structures and fifth magnetic pole structures, the fourth magnetic pole structure is arranged symmetrically about a radial line of the rotation shaft, the fifth magnetic pole structure is arranged symmetrically about the radial line of the rotation shaft, and the fourth magnetic pole structure and the fifth magnetic pole structure are arranged asymmetrically about the radial line of the rotation shaft.

10. The motor rotor structure of claim 9, wherein, Each kind of rotor lamination is arranged sequentially in the axial direction of the rotation shaft, or the at least two kinds of rotor laminations are arranged alternately in the axial direction of the rotation shaft.

11. A synchronous machine, wherein, The synchronous motor comprises the motor rotor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. An automobile, wherein, The automobile comprises the synchronous motor according to claim 11.

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