Optical lens, camera module and electronic device

Abstract

An optical lens (110), a camera module (100) and an electronic device (1000). The optical lens (110) comprises: a first prism (51) and a second prism (52), which are fixedly arranged, wherein a light incident surface of the first prism (51) is used for receiving a first light ray, and a light incident surface of the second prism (52) is used for receiving a second light ray; a first gap (53) is provided between a first side surface (S1) of the first prism (51) and a second side surface (S2) of the second prism (52); when the first gap (53) is filled with a first fluid (F1), the first side surface (S1) forms a reflecting surface for the first light ray, which is used for reflecting the first light ray to an image sensor (120), enabling the optical lens (110) to enter a first imaging mode; when the first gap (53) is filled with a second fluid (F2), the first side surface (S1) and the second side surface (S2) form transmitting surfaces for the second light ray, and a third side surface (S3) of the second prism (52) is used for reflecting the second light ray to the second side surface (S2), such that the second light ray is sequentially transmitted through the second side surface (S2), the first gap (53) and the first side surface (S1) and then enters the image sensor (120), enabling the optical lens (110) to enter a second imaging mode.

Description

Optical lens, camera module and electronic device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202410873900.0, filed on June 28, 2024, entitled "Optical lens, camera module and electronic device", and the Chinese Patent Application No. 202411397906.1, filed on September 30, 2024, entitled "Optical lens, camera module and electronic device", the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic devices, and in particular, to an optical lens, a camera module and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0003] Compared with digital zoom with loss of image quality, optical zoom has no loss of image quality, which can significantly improve the imaging quality and has become a key research direction for improving the photographing performance of electronic devices. In the related art, an optical lens with optical zoom capability is provided, which includes a plurality of front lens groups and a light path switching element. The focal lengths of the plurality of front lens groups are different and are arranged side by side on the object side of the light path switching element. The light path switching element can image light from any one of the plurality of front lens groups to an image sensor. The light path switching element switches among the plurality of lens groups to realize the optical zoom function of the optical lens.

[0004] In the related art, the light path switching element includes a prism and a motor. The prism is moved by the motor to a position, for example, such that the light entrance surface of the prism is opposite to any one of the plurality of front lens groups, so that the light from the any one lens group can be selectively reflected to the image sensor. However, for the above-mentioned scheme of moving the prism by the motor to realize the focal length switching, due to the existence of motion tolerance, the prism may not be accurately moved to the set position, which will adversely affect the imaging quality of the camera module, resulting in a decrease in the optical quality of the camera module. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide an optical lens, a camera module and an electronic device. The optical lens realizes light path switching function in an optical non-moving manner, so as to eliminate the sacrifice of optical quality caused by motion tolerance and improve the imaging quality of the camera module.

[0006] In a first aspect, an optical lens is provided, comprising: a light guide module, the light guide module comprising a first prism and a second prism fixedly arranged; an incident surface of the first prism is configured to receive a first light, and an incident surface of the second prism is configured to receive a second light; a first side surface of the first prism and a second side surface of the second prism have a first gap therebetween, the first gap being filled with a first fluid or a second fluid;

[0007] When the first gap is filled with the first fluid, the first side surface forms a reflection surface of the first light, and the first light is reflected to an image sensor, so that the optical lens enters a first imaging mode;

[0008] When the first gap is filled with the second fluid, the first side surface and the second side surface form a transmission surface of the second light, and a third side surface of the second prism is configured to reflect the second light to the second side surface, so that the second light is transmitted through the second side surface, the gap and the first side surface in sequence and then enters the image sensor, so that the optical lens enters a second imaging mode;

[0009] In the first imaging mode and the second imaging mode, the optical lens has different effective focal lengths, and a refractive index of the first fluid is smaller than a refractive index of the second fluid.

[0010] The optical lens provided by the embodiments of the present application has the first gap between the first prism and the second prism fixedly arranged, and the first gap can be selectively filled with the first fluid or the second fluid. When the first imaging mode is needed, the first gap can be filled with the first fluid, so that the first side surface of the first prism forms a reflection surface of the first light, and the first light is reflected to the image sensor. When the second imaging mode is needed, the first gap can be filled with the second fluid, so that the first side surface of the first prism and the second side surface of the second prism form a transmission surface of the second light. At this time, the second light is reflected to the second side surface through the third side surface of the second prism, and then the second light enters the image sensor through the second side surface and the first side surface in sequence. In this way, the optical path switching is realized by using a non-moving part, and the optical quality sacrifice caused by the motion tolerance can be eliminated, so that the imaging quality of the camera module can be improved.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the first gap is filled with the first fluid, the second side surface forms a reflection surface of the second light. In this way, the stray light entering the second prism can be reflected through the second side surface, so that the stray light entering the image sensor is reduced, and the imaging quality is improved.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the first gap is filled with the second fluid, the first side surface also forms a transmission surface of the first light. In this way, the stray light entering the first prism can be transmitted through the first side surface, so that the stray light entering the image sensor is reduced, and the imaging quality is improved.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the incident angle range of the first light on the first side is θ 11 ~ θ 12 , the refractive index of the first prism is N1, and the refractive index of the first fluid is N3, and the following relationship is met: N3 / N1 < sin(θ 11 ).

[0014] Through the above implementation manner, the first light with the minimum incident angle can also be totally reflected, so that all incident light (the first light) can be totally reflected, that is, all the first light entering the first prism through the first lens group can be totally reflected, so that the field of view integrity and imaging quality can be improved.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the incident angle range of the second light on the second side is θ 21 ~ θ 22 , the refractive index of the second prism is N2, and the refractive index of the second fluid is N4, and the following relationship is met: N4 / N2 > sin(θ 22 ).

[0016] Through the above implementation manner, the second light with the maximum incident angle can also be transmitted (that is, can be transmitted from the second side), so that all incident light (the second light) can be transmitted from the second side, that is, all the second light entering the second prism can be transmitted, so that the field of view integrity and imaging quality can be improved.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a hydrophobic layer is arranged on the first side and / or the second side. In this way, the first fluid or the second fluid can be better prevented from remaining on the surface (the first side / the second side) of the prism, so that the imaging quality can be improved.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a hydrophobic layer is arranged on the first side and / or the second side. In this way, the first fluid or the second fluid can be better prevented from remaining on the surface (the first side / the second side) of the prism, so that the imaging quality can be improved.

[0019] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the refractive index of the first prism is the same as that of the second prism. In this way, the difficulty of optical path design can be reduced.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the width of the first gap is 50-500 microns. In this way, the fluid (for example, liquid) can be maintained from flowing randomly in different poses by the capillary force.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first fluid is a gas and the second fluid is a liquid. In this way, the fluid switching in the first gap can be facilitated.

[0022] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the light guide module further includes:

[0023] a first cavity configured to accommodate the first fluid and in communication with the first gap;

[0024] a second cavity configured to accommodate the second fluid and in communication with the first gap;

[0025] a first driving member configured to change a volume of the first cavity and / or the second cavity to fill the first fluid or the second fluid in the first gap, wherein the first fluid and the second fluid are immiscible.

[0026] By the above implementation manner, the fluid switching in the first gap can be facilitated.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first driving member includes:

[0028] a first motor configured to compress the volume of the first cavity to discharge the first fluid from the first cavity to the first gap and discharge the second fluid from the first gap to the second cavity; and / or,

[0029] the first motor is further configured to increase the volume of the first cavity to discharge the first fluid from the first gap to the first cavity and discharge the second fluid from the second cavity to the first gap.

[0030] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first driving member further includes:

[0031] a second motor configured to increase the volume of the second cavity when the first motor compresses the volume of the first cavity; and / or,

[0032] the second motor is further configured to compress the volume of the second cavity when the first motor increases the volume of the first cavity.

[0033] By the above implementation manner, the fluid switching in the first gap can be better performed, and the power requirement of the first motor can be reduced.

[0034] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the optical lens further includes:

[0035] a light shielding member configured to shield the second light when the optical lens is in the first imaging mode to prevent the second light from entering the second prism; and / or,

[0036] the light shielding member is further configured to shield the first light when the optical lens is in the second imaging mode to prevent the first light from entering the first prism.

[0037] Through the above implementation manner, the first light or the second light can be better blocked from entering the image sensor, and the imaging quality is improved.

[0038] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the light shielding member comprises:

[0039] a cavity, the cavity comprising a first region opposite to the first prism and a second region opposite to the second prism;

[0040] When the optical lens is in the first imaging mode, the first region is filled with the fourth fluid having a light transmission property, and the second region is filled with the third fluid having a light shielding property;

[0041] When the optical lens is in the second imaging mode, the first region is filled with the third fluid, and the second region is filled with the fourth fluid.

[0042] In the above implementation manner, by adopting the cavity structure, different fluids are filled in the first region and the second region of the cavity, and the light shielding switching is realized by changing the fluids filled in the cavity, so that the structural complexity can be reduced.

[0043] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the light shielding member further comprises:

[0044] a third cavity for accommodating the fourth fluid and being in communication with the second region;

[0045] a fourth cavity for accommodating the fourth fluid and being in communication with the first region;

[0046] a second driving member for changing the volume of the third cavity and / or the fourth cavity, so as to discharge the fourth fluid from the fourth cavity to the first region and discharge the third fluid from the first region to the second region; or,

[0047] discharge the fourth fluid from the third cavity to the second region and discharge the third fluid from the second region to the first region;

[0048] wherein the third fluid and the fourth fluid are immiscible.

[0049] Through the above implementation manner, the fluid switching in the cavity can be conveniently performed.

[0050] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a camera module, comprising an image sensor and the optical lens provided in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the optical lens being used for projecting light on the image sensor.

[0051] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising the camera module provided in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] FIG. 1 is a side view of an optical lens in the related art.

[0053] FIG. 2 is a top view of the optical lens in the related art.

[0054] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a camera module provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another camera module provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of still another camera module provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a light guide module in a first imaging mode provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0059] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the light guide module shown in FIG. 7 in a second imaging mode.

[0060] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a principle that a first side surface totally reflects a first light.

[0061] FIG. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of another light guide module in a first imaging mode provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0062] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a principle that a second side surface transmits a second light.

[0063] FIG. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the light guide module shown in FIG. 10 in a second imaging mode.

[0064] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of another principle that the first side surface totally reflects the first light.

[0065] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another principle that the second side surface transmits the second light.

[0066] FIG. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of still another light guide module in a first imaging mode provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0067] FIG. 16 is a structural schematic diagram of the light guide module shown in FIG. 15 in a second imaging mode.

[0068] FIG. 17 is a structural schematic diagram of the light guide module shown in FIG. 15 in a third imaging mode.

[0069] FIG. 18 is a state schematic diagram of a fluid circulation system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] Fig. 19 is a state diagram of another fluid circulation system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] Fig. 20 is a state diagram of yet another fluid circulation system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0072] Fig. 21 is a state diagram of a light shield in a first imaging mode.

[0073] Fig. 22 is a state diagram of the light shield in a second imaging mode.

[0074] Fig. 23 is a top view of the light shield in the first imaging mode.

[0075] Fig. 24 is a top view of the light shield in the second imaging mode.

[0076] Fig. 25 is a cross-sectional diagram of a cover according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0077] Fig. 26 is a diagram of an internal structure of a cavity according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0078] Fig. 27 is a diagram of an internal structure of another cavity according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0079] Fig. 28 is a state diagram of another light shield in a first imaging mode.

[0080] Fig. 29 is a state diagram of the another light shield in a second imaging mode.

[0081] Reference signs: 1, first lens group; 2, second lens group; 3, third lens group; 4, prism; 5, space allowance; 10, first lens group; 20, second lens group; 30, third lens group; 40, fourth lens group; 50, light guide module; 51, first prism; 511, first light inlet; 52, second prism; 521, second light inlet; 53, first gap; 54, anti-reflection layer; 55, hydrophobic layer; 57, third prism; 58, second gap; 70, fifth lens group; 80, light shielding piece; 81, cavity; 81a, first region; 81b, second region; 82, cover plate; 821, first anti-reflection layer; 822, base material layer; 823, second anti-reflection layer; 824, hydrophobic layer; 83, base; 84, flow limiting piece; 841, folded edge; 842, protrusion; 100, camera module; 110, optical lens; 120, image sensor; 130, optical filter; 140, first light-transmitting lens; 150, second light-transmitting lens; 200, back cover; 300, display screen; 400, middle frame; 1000, electronic device; S1, first side surface; S2, second side surface; S3, third side surface; S4, fourth side surface; S5, fifth side surface; F1, first fluid; F2, second fluid; F3, third fluid; F4, fourth fluid; C1, first cavity; C2, second cavity; C3, third cavity; C4, fourth cavity; M1, first motor; M2, second motor; M3, third motor; M4, fourth motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like or similar elements are denoted by like or similar reference symbols throughout the drawings. The embodiments described below are examples for explaining the present application and are not intended to be limiting to the present application.

[0083] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless specifically defined and limited otherwise, the terms "mounting", "connecting" should be interpreted broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected or can communicate with each other; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0084] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "side", "front", "back" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0085] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0086] The term "and / or" herein is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0087] For the convenience of understanding, the technical terms involved in the present application will be explained and described below.

[0088] Lens: is a component that uses the refraction principle of a lens to make the light rays of a scene pass through the lens to form a clear image on the focusing plane.

[0089] Optical axis (OA): the direction of the optical system conducting light, referring to the chief ray of the central field of view. For a symmetric transmission system, it generally coincides with the optical system rotation center line. For off-axis and reflective systems, the optical axis also appears as a broken line.

[0090] Object side, image side: with the lens as the boundary, the side where the object is located is the object side, and the surface close to the object side of the lens can be called the object side surface; with the lens as the boundary, the side where the image of the object is located is the image side, and the surface close to the image side of the lens can be called the image side surface.

[0091] Focal length: also known as focal length, is a way to measure the convergence or divergence of light in an optical system, which refers to the distance from the optical center of the lens or lens group to the focal point when an infinite scene passes through the lens or lens group to form a clear image on the focal plane. It can also be understood as the vertical distance from the optical center of the lens or lens group to the focal plane. From a practical point of view, it can be understood as the distance from the lens center to the imaging plane.

[0092] Effective focal length (EFL): The distance from the principal plane of an optical system to the corresponding focal point.

[0093] Focus: Focus is also called focusing. The process of making the image of the object clear by changing the position of the object distance and the image distance through the focusing mechanism of the camera is called focus. Usually, digital cameras have multiple focusing methods, such as automatic focusing, manual focusing, or multiple focusing methods.

[0094] Auto focus (AF): Auto focus is a method that uses the light reflection principle of the object to be photographed. The reflected light is imaged and received on the image sensor after passing through the lens, and then the object distance of the object to be photographed is obtained through computer processing, and then the lens is automatically moved according to the object distance to complete the focusing. The function of auto focus is to make objects at different distances on the image sensor clear. The camera module usually controls the optical lens to move back and forth along the optical axis direction through the power structure such as voice coil motor (VCM) to adjust the distance between the lens and the image sensor, thereby realizing auto focus.

[0095] Refractive index: If light enters a certain non-absorbing uniform material, reflection and refraction of light will occur at its interface. The refractive index n is equal to the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum c to the speed of light in medium v. In fact, the measurement of refractive index is measured by measuring the deflection angle caused by the refraction of light beam at the interface. The formula describing the deflection degree is called Snell's law.

[0096] Total internal reflection (TIR): Also known as total internal reflection, it is an optical phenomenon. When light enters from a medium with a higher refractive index to a medium with a lower refractive index, when the incident angle is greater than a certain critical angle (i.e. total reflection critical angle), the refracted light will disappear, and all incident light will be reflected without entering the low refractive index medium. That is, total reflection refers to the phenomenon that light is reflected back into the original medium when it is incident from a dense medium (i.e. the refractive index of light in this medium is larger) to the interface of a light-lean medium (i.e. the refractive index of light in this medium is smaller).

[0097] With the continuous development of portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, users have increasingly high requirements for the shooting performance of electronic devices. Not only do users require electronic devices to be capable of background blurring, clear night shooting, and the like, but users also require electronic devices to be capable of long-focus shooting and macro shooting. Zoom capability is one of the important standards for measuring the pros and cons of the shooting performance of electronic devices. Common zoom methods mainly include digital zoom and optical zoom. Among them, digital zoom is achieved by cropping and enlarging the partial imaging of an image sensor, and therefore digital zoom causes loss of pixels, reduces the resolution of an image, and results in poor imaging quality.

[0098] In contrast to digital zoom, which has a loss in image quality, optical zoom has no loss in image quality and can significantly improve imaging quality, and has become a key research direction for improving the shooting performance of electronic devices. Related technologies provide an optical lens with optical zoom capability. The optical lens includes multiple front lens groups and a light path switching element. The focal lengths of the multiple front lens groups are different and are arranged side by side on the object side of the light path switching element. The light path switching element can image light from any one of the multiple front lens groups to an image sensor. The light path switching element switches among the multiple lens groups to achieve the optical zoom function of the optical lens.

[0099] In related technologies, the light path switching element includes a prism and a motor. The position of the prism is moved by the motor, for example, so that the light entrance surface of the prism is opposite any one of the multiple front lens groups, and the light from the any one lens group can be selectively reflected to the image sensor. FIG. 1 is a side view of an optical lens in related technologies, and FIG. 2 is a top view of the optical lens in related technologies. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, the optical lens includes a first lens group 1 and a second lens group 2 arranged side by side. The focal lengths of the two lens groups are different. When the motor (not shown in the figure) drives the prism 4 to move to the position shown in FIG. 1, the light entrance surface of the prism 4 is opposite the first lens group 1, and the prism 4 can reflect the light from the first lens group 1 to the third lens group 3, and then transmit the light to the image sensor (not shown in the figure) at the rear end. When the motor drives the prism 4 to move to the position shown by the dashed line in FIGS. 1 and 2, the light entrance surface of the prism 4 is opposite the second lens group 2, and the prism 4 can reflect the light from the second lens group 2 to the third lens group 3, and then continue to transmit the light to the image sensor. Because the focal lengths of the first lens group 1 and the second lens group 2 are different, the optical lens has different effective focal lengths when imaging through different front lens groups, thereby enabling the optical lens 110 to have optical zoom capability.

[0100] However, for the motor-driven prism solution shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the motor occupies additional space overhead 5, which leads to a large volume of the camera module, is not conducive to the miniaturization and thinning of electronic devices, and has the disadvantages of poor engineering reliability, high implementation difficulty and high cost. In addition, due to the existence of motion tolerance, the prism may not be accurately moved to the set position, that is, there may be a certain position deviation between the actual position of the prism and the set position, which will adversely affect the imaging quality of the camera module and lead to the decline of the optical quality of the camera module.

[0101] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide an optical lens, a camera module and an electronic device, which realize the light path switching function by setting an optical non-moving element, can well eliminate the sacrifice of optical quality caused by motion tolerance, and improve the switching reliability and the imaging quality of the camera module.

[0102] The embodiments of the present application first provide an electronic device, which can be, for example, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a television, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a point of sales (POS), a video camera, a camera, a video monitoring device, etc. The mobile phone can be, for example, a conventional straight phone or a foldable phone, such as an up-down foldable phone, a left-right inner foldable phone or a left-right outer foldable phone. The wearable device can be, for example, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, wireless earphones, extended reality (XR) glasses or an XR helmet, etc. The embodiments of the present application take the mobile phone as an example for illustration.

[0103] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device 1000 provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the electronic device 1000 includes a camera module 100, a back cover 200, a display screen 300, a frame 400 and an image processor (not shown in the figure) located in the interior of the device. The back cover 200 and the display screen 300 are fixed on the two sides of the frame 400 in opposite directions, and the back cover 200, the display screen 300 and the frame 400 collectively enclose the whole machine cavity of the electronic device 1000.

[0104] The display screen 300 can be used to display images and can also integrate touch control functions to realize human-computer interaction. The camera module 100 is accommodated in the whole machine inner cavity. The camera module 100 is used to collect optical information outside the electronic device 1000 and form corresponding image signals. The image processor is in communication connection with the camera module 100. The image processor is used to obtain image signals from the camera module 100 and process the image signals. The communication connection between the camera module 100 and the image processor can include data transmission through electrical connection modes such as wiring, or can realize data transmission through coupling and the like. It can be understood that the camera module 100 and the image processor can also realize communication connection through other data transmission modes.

[0105] In some examples, the rear cover 200 can be provided with a camera hole. The camera module 100 collects light through the camera hole. The camera module 100 can be used as a rear camera of the electronic device 1000. For example, the rear cover 200 can include a light-transmitting lens. The light-transmitting lens is installed in the camera hole to allow light to pass through and can prevent dust and water. In some cases, the light-transmitting lens can also be regarded as part of the camera module 100. For example, the light-transmitting lens can include the first light-transmitting lens 140 and the second light-transmitting lens 150 in FIG. 3.

[0106] In some examples, the camera module 100 can also be used as a front camera of the electronic device 1000. For example, the display screen 300 can be provided with a light-transmitting area. The camera module 100 can collect optical information outside the electronic device 1000 through the light-transmitting area. That is, the camera module 100 can be used as a front camera module of the electronic device 1000, and can also be used as a rear camera module of the electronic device 1000. The embodiments of the present application do not make strict limitations in this regard.

[0107] In actual applications, the electronic device 1000 can have one camera module, that is, only include the camera module 100, or have two, three, four, five or more camera modules including the camera module 100. When the number of camera modules is multiple, the multiple camera modules can be arranged on the side surface of the electronic device 1000 in a certain manner. For example, one or more of them are arranged on the front side where the display screen 300 is located, and are used as front cameras. The remaining one or more camera modules are arranged on the rear cover 200 and are used as rear cameras.

[0108] In some examples, the electronic device 1000 can include one or more of a front camera (module), a rear camera, a main camera lens, a secondary camera lens, a long-focus lens, a wide-angle lens, a macro lens, or a depth-of-field lens. The camera module 100 can be any one of the above lenses.

[0109] In some examples, the camera module 100 can be electrically connected with a mainboard in a whole machine cavity. As an implementation, the camera module 100 can be electrically connected with the mainboard through an electrical connector. For example, the camera module 100 is provided with a male seat of the electrical connector, the mainboard is provided with a female seat of the electrical connector, and the male seat is plugged into the female seat to achieve the electrical connection between the camera module 100 and the mainboard. The mainboard is provided with a processor, and the processor controls the camera module 100 to capture images. When a user inputs a shooting instruction, the processor receives the shooting instruction and controls the camera module 100 to capture a shooting object according to the shooting instruction.

[0110] In some examples, the electronic device 1000 can further include an analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter is connected between the camera module 100 and the image processor. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the analog image signal generated by the camera module 100 into a digital image signal and transmit it to the image processor. The digital image signal is processed by the image processor to obtain a processed image signal, and the processed image signal can be displayed as an image or a video on the display screen.

[0111] In some examples, the electronic device 1000 can further include a memory (not shown in the figure), which is in communication connection with the image processor. The image processor transmits the processed image signal to the memory, so that when the image needs to be viewed later, the processed image signal can be found in the memory at any time and displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the image processor will also compress the processed image signal before storing it in the memory, in order to save memory space.

[0112] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a camera module 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the camera module 100 in the embodiment of the present application includes an optical lens 110 and an image sensor 120.

[0113] The image sensor 120 is located on the image side of the optical lens 110. The camera module 100 can further include a circuit board (not shown in the figure), and the image sensor 120 can be arranged on the circuit board. Light can pass through the optical lens 110 and irradiate the image sensor 120. Illustratively, the working principle of the camera module 100 is that the light reflected by the photographed object generates an optical image through the optical lens 110 and projects it onto the image sensor 120. The image sensor 120 converts the optical image into an electrical signal (i.e., an analog image signal) and transmits it to an analog-to-digital converter, so as to be converted into a digital image signal by the analog-to-digital converter and then transmitted to an image processor.

[0114] The image sensor 120 (also referred to as a photosensitive element) is a semiconductor chip having a surface containing hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes that generate electric charges when exposed to light. The image sensor 120 can be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS). The charge coupled device is made of a high-sensitivity semiconductor material that can convert light into electric charges. The charge coupled device is composed of a large number of light-sensitive units, usually in units of millions of pixels. When the surface of the charge coupled device (i.e., the light-sensitive surface) is exposed to light, each light-sensitive unit reflects electric charges on the component, and the signals generated by all the light-sensitive units are added together to form a complete picture. The complementary metal-oxide semiconductor is mainly made of silicon and germanium, two elements that coexist on the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor as N-pole and P-pole semiconductors. The electric current generated by the two complementary effects can be recorded and interpreted into images by a processing chip.

[0115] In some examples, as shown in FIG. 4, the camera module 100 further includes a filter 130. The filter 130 can be located between the optical lens 110 and the image sensor 120, and is used to filter out unnecessary wave bands in the light, prevent the image sensor 120 from generating false colors or moire, and improve the effective resolution and color restoration. For example, the filter 130 can be an infrared radiation-cut filter (IRCF). In this embodiment, the filter 130 is a separate component located between the optical lens 110 and the image sensor 120. In other embodiments, the filter 130 can be arranged at any position before the image sensor 120, or the filter 130 can be cancelled, and the surface treatment or material treatment of at least one optical element of the optical lens 110 can be used to achieve filtering. The specific embodiments of the structure or structure used to achieve filtering are not strictly limited in this application.

[0116] For example, the filter 130 can be implemented by evaporating an infrared radiation (IR) material coating on a blue crystal substrate.

[0117] For example, the filter 130 can be a white glass filter or a blue glass filter.

[0118] Embodiments of the present application mainly relate to the structural improvement of the optical lens 110. The structural details of the optical lens 110 will be introduced below in combination with the drawings. As shown in FIG. 4, the optical lens 110 includes a plurality of front lens groups, a light guide module 50, and a rear lens group arranged in sequence along the object side to image side direction.

[0119] Among them, a plurality of front lens groups including the first lens group 10 and the second lens group 20 are arranged side by side on the object side of the light guide module 50. The number of front lens groups may, for example, be 2, 3 or more, and the front lens groups are used to receive external ambient light, which can enter the light guide module 50 through any one of the front lens groups. The plurality of front lens groups can be arranged one-to-one corresponding to the plurality of camera apertures on the electronic device 1000, that is, the plurality of front lens groups can be arranged one-to-one corresponding to the plurality of light-transmitting lenses. The external ambient light passes through the light-transmitting lens and enters the corresponding front lens group, and then passes through the front lens group to the light guide module 50.

[0120] For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of front lens groups include the first lens group 10 and the second lens group 20 arranged side by side on the object side of the light guide module 50. The first lens group 10 is arranged corresponding to the first light-transmitting lens 140, and the external ambient light (denoted as first light) from the outside enters the first lens group 10 through the first light-transmitting lens 140. After being converged by the first lens group 10, it is directed to the light guide module 50. The second lens group 20 is arranged corresponding to the second light-transmitting lens 150, and the external ambient light (denoted as second light) from the outside enters the second lens group 20 through the second light-transmitting lens 150. After being converged by the second lens group 20, it is directed to the light guide module 50.

[0121] The light guide module 50 functions as a switching switch in the optical path, and the optical path where the plurality of front lens groups are located can be regarded as a plurality of upstream optical paths, and the optical path where the rear lens group is located can be regarded as a downstream optical path. The plurality of upstream optical paths are connected in parallel on the object side of the light guide module 50, and the downstream optical path is connected on the image side of the light guide module 50. The light guide module 50 is used to make one of the plurality of upstream optical paths and the downstream optical path conductive to each other, so that the light in the upstream optical path is transmitted to the downstream optical path. That is, by operating the light guide module 50, any one of the plurality of upstream optical paths and the downstream optical path can be connected to each other, and the remaining upstream optical paths and the downstream optical path are disconnected from each other. Or, the light guide module 50 can transmit the light from any one of the front lens groups to the rear lens group, and the light from the remaining front lens groups cannot be (can be understood as as far as possible not to be) transmitted to the rear lens group.

[0122] Under the switching action of the light guide module 50, the optical lens 110 can project light rays from different front lens groups to the rear lens group, i.e., the optical lens 110 can image through different front lens groups, and the optical lens 110 has different effective focal lengths when imaging through different front lens groups, i.e., the optical lens 110 has different effective focal lengths when the rear lens group receives light rays from different front lens groups, thereby enabling the optical lens 110 to have the ability of optical zoom. The optical lens 110 can use different focal lengths (i.e., use different front lens groups or enter different imaging modes) for shooting in different shooting scenes, which has good scene adaptability and greatly improves the shooting experience of users.

[0123] For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the object side of the light guide module 50 is provided with two front lens groups, i.e., the first lens group 10 and the second lens group 20, and the light guide module 50 is used to transmit first light rays from the first lens group 10 to the rear lens group and prevent second light rays from the second lens group 20 from being transmitted to the rear lens group. At this time, the optical lens 110 images through the first lens group 10 (first light rays), and the optical lens 110 enters the first imaging mode, and the effective focal length of the optical lens 110 is EFL1. In addition, the light guide module 50 can also transmit the second light rays from the second lens group 20 to the rear lens group and prevent the first light rays from the first lens group 10 from being transmitted to the rear lens group. At this time, the optical lens 110 can image through the second lens group 20 (second light rays), and the optical lens 110 enters the second imaging mode, and the effective focal length of the optical lens 110 is EFL2. Since the effective focal length EFL1 and the effective focal length EFL2 are different (for example, EFL1>EFL2 or EFL1EFL2), the optical lens 110 can work at different effective focal lengths, and the optical lens 110 has the ability of optical zoom.

[0124] In some examples, the focal lengths of the plurality of front lens groups are different. For example, the focal lengths of the first lens group 10 and the second lens group 20 are different, and the focal lengths of the two can both be positive, both negative, or one positive and the other negative; the focal length of the first lens group 10 can be greater than the focal length of the second lens group 20, or the focal length of the first lens group 10 can be less than the focal length of the second lens group 20. Through the above setting, the optical lens 110 is more likely to obtain different effective focal lengths when imaging through different front lens groups, thereby reducing the difficulty of optical path design.

[0125] In some examples, the focal lengths of some or all of the front lens groups can be the same. In this case, the effective focal length of the optical lens 110 can be changed by changing the distance between the front lens groups and the rear lens group, or the like. That is, for the front lens groups with the same focal length, the distance between the front lens groups and the rear lens group can be different, for example, the focal lengths of the first lens group 10 and the second lens group 20 are the same, but the distances to the rear lens group are different. Through the above setting, the optical lens 110 can also obtain different effective focal lengths when imaging through different front lens groups.

[0126] In some examples, each front lens group can include at least one imaging lens, and the number of lenses in each front lens group can be the same or different. For example, the first lens group 10 and / or the second lens group 20 can include one, two, or more lenses. For any front lens group, when the front lens group includes multiple lenses, the multiple lenses can be sequentially spaced and arranged in parallel along the optical axis direction.

[0127] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another camera module 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, in some examples, the focal length of one of the first lens group 10 and the second lens group 20 can be 0, and the focal length of the other lens group can be positive or negative. For example, the focal length of the first lens group 10 is positive, and the focal length of the second lens group 20 is 0. In this case, the second lens group 20 can not have any lens, that is, no lens is arranged on the light path where the second lens group 20 is located, and the second lens group 20 only corresponds to a light entrance, and the second light can directly shoot to the light guide module 50 through the light path or entrance where the second lens group 20 is located. Alternatively, the lens in the second lens group 20 can be a plane mirror with a focal power of 0.

[0128] In some examples, the optical lens 110 can also not include a front lens group, in which case the first light and the second light can directly enter the light guide module 50.

[0129] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another camera module 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. In some examples, the number of front lens groups can be more, for example, three, four, or five, or the like. Here, the optical lens 110 includes three front lens groups: the first lens group 10, the second lens group 20, and the fifth lens group 70, and the three front lens groups are arranged in a straight line on the same side of the light guide module 50, and the three front lens groups can be arranged one-to-one with the three camera holes or the plurality of light-transmitting lenses arranged on the rear cover 200 of the electronic device 1000. The light guide module 50 can reflect the light from any front lens group to the rear lens group, thereby making the optical lens 110 have stronger optical zoom capability and more focal length options.

[0130] In some examples, multiple front lens groups can also be arranged on the opposite two sides of the light guide module 50. For example, the first lens group 10 and the second lens group 20 are arranged on one side of the light guide module 50, and the fifth lens group 70 is arranged on the other side of the light guide module 50. The first lens group 10 is arranged corresponding to the first light-transmitting lens 140 on the back cover 200, the second lens group 20 is arranged corresponding to the second light-transmitting lens 150 on the back cover 200, and the fifth lens group 70 is arranged corresponding to the light-transmitting region on the display screen 300. That is, at this time, any front lens group and rear lens group as a whole form a periscopic structure layout, and the first lens group 10 and the second lens group 20 are equivalent to the rear camera of the electronic device 1000, and the fifth lens group 70 is equivalent to the front camera of the electronic device 1000.

[0131] In some examples, as shown in FIGS. 4-6, the optical lens 110 can include multiple rear lens groups, and here exemplarily, the rear lens groups include the third lens group 30 and the fourth lens group 40 arranged in sequence along the object side to image side direction. The light rays (e.g., the first light rays or the second light rays) from the light guide module 50 pass through the third lens group 30 and the fourth lens group 40 in sequence and then are incident on the image sensor 120.

[0132] In some examples, the optical lens 110 can also include only one rear lens group, for example, can include only the aforementioned third lens group 30 or the fourth lens group 40. Alternatively, the optical lens 110 can also not include a rear lens group, that is, no imaging lens is arranged between the light guide module 50 and the image sensor 120. At this time, the light rays (e.g., the first light rays or the second light rays) from the light guide module 50 can directly enter the image sensor 120.

[0133] In some examples, each rear lens group can include at least one imaging lens, and the number of lenses of each rear lens group can be the same or different. For example, the third lens group 30 and / or the fourth lens group 40 can include one, two or more lenses. For any rear lens group, when the rear lens group includes multiple lenses, the multiple lenses can be arranged in sequence along the optical axis direction and spaced apart and parallel.

[0134] In some examples, at least one lens group in the plurality of rear lens groups is a focus lens group movable along the optical axis. For example, the third lens group 30 is a focus lens group movable along the optical axis, and the fourth lens group 40 is a fixed lens group. Alternatively, the third lens group 30 is a fixed lens group, and the fourth lens group 40 is a focus lens group movable along the optical axis. Alternatively, both the third lens group 30 and the fourth lens group 40 are focus lens groups movable along the optical axis. In this way, the optical lens 110 can have an automatic focusing function, so that the optical lens 110 can not only realize long-distance long-focus shooting with high imaging quality, but also have strong near-range (macro) shooting capability, realize wide-telephoto imaging from a long distance to a near distance, and have high imaging quality and high imaging clarity.

[0135] In some examples, one of the third lens group 30 and the fourth lens group 40 has a positive focal length, and the other has a negative focal length. For example, the third lens group 30 has a positive focal length (for example, 13 mm), and the fourth lens group 40 has a negative focal length (for example, -11 mm). Alternatively, the third lens group 30 has a negative focal length, and the fourth lens group 40 has a positive focal length. A positive focal length of a lens group will have a positive effect on aberration, and a negative focal length of a lens group will have a negative effect on aberration. By combining the focal lengths of the third lens group 30 and the fourth lens group 40 in a positive-negative manner, the aberrations caused by the two lens groups can be offset, that is, the optical lens 110 can have smaller aberration, which is conducive to improving the imaging quality of the lens.

[0136] The light guide module 50 in the embodiments of the present application will be described below. FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the light guide module 50 in a first imaging mode according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the light guide module 50 in a second imaging mode according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0137] As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the light guide module 50 can include a first prism 51 and a second prism 52. The light entrance surface (light entrance port) of the first prism 51 is opposite the first lens group 10, and is configured to receive the first light from the first lens group 10. The light entrance surface (light entrance port) of the second prism 52 is opposite the second lens group 20, and is configured to receive the second light from the second lens group 20. The first side surface S1 of the first prism 51 and the second side surface S2 of the second prism 52 have a first gap 53 therebetween. The first gap 53 can be selectively filled with a first fluid F1 or a second fluid F2, so that the optical lens 110 enters the first imaging mode or the second imaging mode.

[0138] In some examples, the first side S1 and the second side S2 are both planar, the first side S1 and the second side S2 are parallel to each other and face each other, and an included angle between the first side S1 and the second side S2 and an optical axis of the respective front lens group can be 45°, so as to simplify the optical path design and reduce the design difficulty.

[0139] In some examples, the first prism 51 can be a triangular prism, for example, a right-angled triangular prism as shown in FIG. 7, so as to simplify the optical path design and save space. In some examples, the first prism 51 can also be other shapes, for example, a parallelogram prism or a right-angled trapezoidal prism, etc.

[0140] In some examples, the second prism 52 can be a parallelogram prism, and the second side S2 and the third side S3 of the second prism 52 are parallel to each other, so as to simplify the optical path design and reduce the design difficulty.

[0141] The working principle of the light guide module 50 is described below.

[0142] As shown in FIG. 7, in the first imaging mode, the first gap 53 is filled with the first fluid F1, and the refractive index of the first fluid F1 is less than the refractive index of the first prism 51. Under the action of the first fluid F1, the first side S1 of the first prism 51 forms a reflection surface (for example, a total reflection surface) of the first light. The first light from the first lens group 10 is reflected to the third lens group 30 under the reflection of the first side S1, and then continues to be transmitted to the image sensor (not shown in the figure). At this time, the second light can be blocked by setting a light shielding structure, or the second light is reflected to other places by the second prism 52, so that the second light cannot enter the third lens group 30.

[0143] In the first imaging mode, the refractive index of the first prism 51 is N1, and the refractive index of the first fluid F1 is N3. By reasonably selecting the refractive index of the first prism 51 or the first fluid F1, the first light can be totally reflected on the first side S1.

[0144] As mentioned above, when the light ray is emitted from the optically dense medium to the optically sparse medium, total reflection occurs when the incidence angle is greater than the critical angle of total reflection. Based on this, the refractive index N1 of the first prism 51 can be greater than the refractive index N3 of the first fluid F1. As shown in (a) of FIG. 9, θ1 represents the incidence angle of the first light ray on the first side surface S1, and α1 represents the critical angle of total reflection of the first side surface S1 when the first gap 53 is filled with the first fluid F1. When θ1 > α1, the first light ray can be totally reflected on the first side surface S1. According to the law of refraction, sin(α1) = N3 / N1, and thus sin(θ1) > N3 / N1, that is, in order to make the first light ray be totally reflected on the first side surface S1, the refractive index N1 of the first prism 51 and the refractive index N3 of the first fluid F1 can satisfy the following relationship: N3 / N1 < sin(θ1).

[0145] In some examples, the incidence angles of the first light rays emitted to the first side surface S1 can not be the same, but within a certain range. As shown in (b) of FIG. 9, the incidence angle range of the first light ray on the first side surface S1 is θ 11 ~ θ 12 , that is, θ 11 ≤ θ1 ≤ θ 12 ; and the refractive index N1 of the first prism 51 and the refractive index N3 of the first fluid F1 can satisfy the following relationship: N3 / N1 < sin(θ 11 ).

[0146] Through the above setting, the first light ray with the minimum incidence angle can also be totally reflected, so that all incident light rays (first light rays) can be totally reflected, that is, all first light rays entering the first prism 51 through the first lens group 10 can be totally reflected, so that the field of view integrity and imaging quality can be improved.

[0147] For preventing the second light ray from entering the third lens group 30, in some examples, as shown in FIG. 7, a light-blocking member 80 can be arranged to block the second light ray from entering the second prism 52, wherein the light-blocking member 80 can be arranged on the object side of the second lens group 20, or between the second lens group 20 and the second prism 52.

[0148] In some examples, as shown in FIG. 10, in the first imaging mode, the second side surface S2 can also form a reflective surface (e.g., a total reflective surface), and the second light rays from the second lens group 20 can be reflected by the second side surface S2 to other regions inside the electronic device 1000, absorbed or consumed, and unable to enter the third lens group 30. Among them, the second side surface S2 can form a total reflective surface for the second light rays by reasonably selecting the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52 and the refractive index N3 of the first fluid F1 based on similar principles as those described above in relation to FIG. 9, and the specific implementation principles will not be described here. In order to reduce the design difficulty, the refractive index N1 of the first prism 51 and the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52 can be equal, and the range of the incident angle of the first light rays on the first side surface S1 and the range of the incident angle of the second light rays on the second side surface S2 are substantially the same. When the first side surface S1 forms a total reflective surface for the first light rays, the second side surface S2 can also form a total reflective surface for the second light rays.

[0149] Optionally, the light-exiting surface of the second prism 52 opposite to the light-entering surface can be blackened and anti-reflection treated to absorb the second light rays entering the light-exiting surface.

[0150] In this implementation, the light-blocking member 80 for blocking the second light rays can not be provided to reduce the structural complexity and save costs, or the light-blocking member 80 for blocking the second light rays can be provided at the same time. In this way, the light-blocking member 80 can better block the second light rays from entering the image sensor, and the stray light entering the second prism 52 can be further reflected by the second side surface S2, thereby reducing the stray light entering the image sensor and improving the imaging quality.

[0151] It can be understood that in other examples, the second light rays can also be prevented from entering the third lens group 30 by other ways, which are not particularly limited in the present application.

[0152] As shown in FIG. 8, in the second imaging mode, the first gap 53 is filled with a second fluid F2 having a refractive index higher than that of the first fluid F1, and under the action of the second fluid F2, the first side surface S1 and the second side surface S2 form a transmission surface for the second light. At this time, the second light from the second lens group 20 is reflected by the third side surface S3 of the second prism 52, and then sequentially transmits through the second side surface S2, the first gap 53 (the second fluid F2), and the first side surface S1, and enters the third lens group 30 after passing through the first prism 51. That is, the second light is reflected by the third side surface S3 to the second side surface S2, and then sequentially transmits through the second side surface S2, the first gap 53 (the second fluid F2), and the first prism 51, and then transmits through the third lens group 30 to the image sensor. At this time, the first light can be blocked by setting a light shielding structure, or the first light can be caused to enter other places by the first prism 51, so that the first light from the first lens group 10 cannot enter the third lens group 30.

[0153] In the second imaging mode, the first side surface S1 and the second side surface S2 form a transmission surface for the second light, by reasonably selecting the refractive index of the first prism 51, the second prism 52, or the second fluid F2, where the refractive index of the second prism 52 is N2, and the refractive index of the second fluid F2 is N4.

[0154] In contrast to total reflection, when light is emitted from a denser medium to a rarer medium, if the incident angle is less than the critical angle of total reflection, total reflection does not occur, but refraction occurs, that is, the light can transmit from the denser medium to the rarer medium. Based on this, the refractive index N4 of the second fluid F2 can be less than the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52. As shown in FIG. 11(a), θ2 represents the incident angle of the second light on the second side surface S2, and α2 represents the critical angle of total reflection of the second side surface S2 when the first gap 53 is filled with the second fluid F2, and then θ2 < α2, the second light can transmit from the second side surface S2 to the first gap 53. According to the law of refraction, sin(α2) = N4 / N2, therefore, sin(θ2) < N4 / N2, that is, in order to make the second light transmit on the second side surface S2, the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52 and the refractive index N4 of the second fluid F2 can satisfy the following relationship: N4 / N2 > sin(θ2).

[0155] When light is emitted from a rarer medium to a denser medium, total reflection does not occur, that is, the light can all transmit into the denser medium. Based on this, in some examples, the refractive index N4 of the second fluid F2 can also be greater than the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52, at this time, the second light emitted to the second side surface S2 can all transmit, and the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52 and the refractive index N4 of the second fluid F2 also satisfy the above relationship: N4 / N2 > sin(θ2).

[0156] In some examples, the incident angles of the second light rays towards the second side S2 can not be all the same, but within a certain range. As shown in (b) of (11), the incident angle range of the second light rays on the second side S2 is θ 21 ~ θ 22 , i.e., θ 21 ≤ θ2≤ θ 22 ; then in some examples, the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52 and the refractive index N4 of the second fluid F2 can satisfy the following relationship: N4 / N2>sin(θ 22 ).

[0157] Through the above setting, the second light rays with the maximum incident angle can also be transmitted (i.e., can be transmitted from the second side S2), so that all the incident light rays (second light rays) can be transmitted from the second side S2, that is, all the second light rays entering the second prism 52 through the second lens group 20 can be transmitted, so that the field of view integrity and the imaging quality can be improved.

[0158] Based on similar principles, by reasonably selecting the refractive index N1 of the first prism 51 and the refractive index N4 of the second fluid F2, the first side S1 forms a transmission surface of the second light rays. In some examples, the refractive index N1 of the first prism 51 and the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52 can be equal, and when the second side S2 forms a transmission surface of the second light rays, the first side S1 can also form a transmission surface of the second light rays.

[0159] For preventing the first light rays from entering the third lens group 30, in some examples, as shown in FIG. 8, a light shielding member 80 can be arranged to block the first light rays from entering the first prism 51, wherein the light shielding member 80 can be arranged on the object side of the first lens group 10, or between the first lens group 10 and the first prism 51.

[0160] In some implementations, one light shielding member 80 can be arranged for the first light rays and the second light rays respectively. In some implementations, the light shielding member 80 can be multiplexed, which can be configured to shield the first light rays or the second light rays, so as to save space overhead. For example, the light shielding member 80 can be driven by a motor to switch between the two positions shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, so as to shield the first light rays or the second light rays.

[0161] In some examples, as shown in FIG. 12, in the second imaging mode, the first side S1 can also form a transmission surface for the first light, the first light from the first lens group 10 can be transmitted from the first side S1, and then transmitted from the first gap 53 (the second fluid F2) and the second prism 52 in turn, and then enter other regions inside the electronic device 1000, and be absorbed or consumed, and cannot enter the third lens group 30. In this case, the refractive index N1 of the first prism 51 and the refractive index N4 of the second fluid F2 can be reasonably selected based on the similar principle as described above with reference to FIG. 11, so that the first side S1 forms a transmission surface for the first light, and the specific implementation principle is not described here again. In order to reduce the design difficulty, the refractive index N1 of the first prism 51 can be equal to the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52, and the range of the incident angle of the first light on the first side S1 can be substantially the same as the range of the incident angle of the second light on the second side S2. When the second side S2 forms a transmission surface for the second light, the first side S1 can also form a transmission surface for the first light.

[0162] Similar to the first imaging mode described above, in this implementation, the light shielding member 80 for shielding the first light can not be provided to reduce the structural complexity and save costs, or the light shielding member 80 for shielding the first light can be provided at the same time. In this way, the light shielding member 80 can better block the first light from entering the image sensor, and the stray light entering the first prism 51 can be further transmitted through the first side S1, so as to reduce the stray light entering the image sensor and improve the imaging quality.

[0163] It can be understood that in other examples, the first light can also be prevented from entering the third lens group 30 by other ways, which are not particularly limited in the present application.

[0164] It can be understood that the refractive index N1 of the first prism 51 can be equal to the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52, which can reduce the design difficulty of the optical path. In some examples, the refractive index N1 of the first prism 51 can also be different from the refractive index N2 of the second prism 52. In this case, the relationship between N2 and N3 and the relationship between N1 and N4 can be designed in a similar way as described above, so that the second side S2 can totally reflect all the second light in the first imaging mode, and the first light can be transmitted from the first side S1 in the second imaging mode.

[0165] It can be known from the above relationship that the refractive index of the first fluid F1 is less than the refractive index of the second fluid F2. In the embodiments of the present application, the first fluid F1 and the second fluid F2 can be gas or liquid. In some examples, the first fluid F1 can be gas, such as air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen or argon, etc. The second fluid F2 can be liquid, such as transparent liquid, for example, water, alcohol, etc. In this way, the cost can be reduced.

[0166] The material of the first prism 51 and the second prism 52 can be transparent materials such as glass or resin. In some examples, the first prism 51 and the second prism 52 can be made of the same material so that their refractive indexes are the same.

[0167] In some examples, the width of the first gap 53 can be greater than or equal to 50 microns and less than or equal to 500 microns, for example, the first gap 53 can be 80 microns, 100 microns, 150 microns, 200 microns, 300 microns, 350 microns, 400 microns, or 450 microns, etc. The fluid (e.g., liquid) maintained in different poses by capillary force will not flow randomly.

[0168] In some examples, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, an anti-reflection layer can be provided (e.g., plated) on the first side S1 and / or the second side S2 to improve the light transmittance of the first side S1 and / or the second side S2 in the second imaging mode.

[0169] For example, the anti-reflection layer can be an anti-reflective (AR) film, and the transmittance of light through the anti-reflection layer can be greater than 99% (i.e., the reflectance is less than 1%).

[0170] In some examples, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, a hydrophobic layer 55 can also be provided on the first side S1 and / or the second side S2.

[0171] The hydrophobic layer 55 can be located outside the anti-reflection layer 54. In some examples, the wetting angle of the hydrophobic layer 55 can be greater than 90° to achieve better hydrophobic effect. In some examples, the refractive index of the hydrophobic layer 55 can be consistent with the refractive index of the second fluid F2 to better meet the optical properties.

[0172] Taking the first fluid F1 as air and the second fluid F2 as liquid as an example, when the optical lens 110 is switched from the second imaging mode to the first imaging mode, the hydrophobic layer 55 can better prevent the liquid from remaining on the surface (the first side S1 and the second side S2) of the prism, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0173] The above describes the implementation of the light guide module 50 by taking the optical lens 110 including two front lens groups (the first lens group 10 and the second lens group 20) as an example. As described above, the optical lens 110 can include more front lens groups, and the light guide module 50 is described below by taking the optical lens 110 including the first lens group 10, the second lens group 20, and the fifth lens group 70 as an example.

[0174] FIG. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of another example of the light guide module 50 in the first imaging mode according to an embodiment of the present application, FIG. 16 is a structural schematic diagram of the light guide module 50 in the second imaging mode according to an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 17 is a structural schematic diagram of the light guide module 50 in the third imaging mode according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0175] Corresponding to the related content of the aforementioned FIG. 6, in the present embodiment, the front lens group includes the first lens group 10, the second lens group 20 and the fifth lens group 70 arranged side by side, and the light guide module 50 is correspondingly provided with the first prism 51, the second prism 52 and the third prism 57. The light entrance surface (light entrance port) of the first prism 51 is opposite to the first lens group 10, and is used to receive the first light from the first lens group 10; the light entrance surface (light entrance port) of the second prism 52 is opposite to the second lens group 20, and is used to receive the second light from the second lens group 20; and the light entrance surface (light entrance port) of the third prism 57 is opposite to the fifth lens group 70, and is used to receive the third light from the fifth lens group 70.

[0176] The first side surface S1 of the first prism 51 and the second side surface S2 of the second prism 52 have a first gap 53, and the third side surface S3 of the second prism 52 and the fourth side surface S4 of the third prism 57 have a second gap 58; the first gap 53 and the second gap 58 can be selectively filled with the first fluid F1 or the second fluid F2, so that the optical lens 110 enters the first imaging mode, the second imaging mode or the third imaging mode.

[0177] In some examples, the third side surface S3 and the fourth side surface S4 are both planes, and the third side surface S3 and the fourth side surface S4 are parallel to each other and opposite to each other, so as to simplify the optical path design and reduce the design difficulty.

[0178] In some examples, the third prism 57 can be a parallelogram prism, and the fourth side surface S4 and the fifth side surface S5 of the third prism 57 are parallel to each other, so as to simplify the optical path design and reduce the design difficulty.

[0179] For other descriptions of the first prism 51 and the second prism 52, reference can be made to the related descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0180] As shown in FIG. 15, in the first imaging mode, the first gap 53 between the first prism 51 and the second prism 52 and the second gap 58 between the second prism 52 and the third prism 57 are both filled with the first fluid F1. At this time, the first side surface S1, the second side surface S2, the third side surface S3, and the fourth side surface S4 all form reflective surfaces. First light rays from the first lens group 10 are reflected to the third lens group 30 by the reflection of the first side surface S1, and then continue to be transmitted to an image sensor (not shown in the figure). At this time, second light rays from the second lens group 20 cannot enter the third lens group 30 due to the shielding effect of the corresponding light shield 80 and the reflection of the second side surface S2; third light rays from the fifth lens group 70 cannot enter the third lens group 30 due to the shielding effect of the corresponding light shield 80 and the reflection of the fourth side surface S4.

[0181] As shown in FIG. 16, in the second imaging mode, the first gap 53 between the first prism 51 and the second prism 52 is filled with the second fluid F2, and the second gap 58 between the second prism 52 and the third prism 57 is filled with the first fluid F1. At this time, the first side surface S1 and the second side surface S2 form transmissive surfaces, and the third side surface S3 and the fourth side surface S4 form reflective surfaces. Second light rays from the second lens group 20 are reflected by the third side surface S3 of the second prism 52, and then pass through the second side surface S2, the first gap 53 (second fluid F2), and the first side surface S1 in sequence, and enter the third lens group 30 after passing through the first prism 51. At this time, first light rays from the first lens group 10 cannot enter the third lens group 30 due to the shielding effect of the corresponding light shield 80 and the transmission of the first side surface S1; third light rays from the fifth lens group 70 cannot enter the third lens group 30 due to the shielding effect of the corresponding light shield 80 and the reflection of the fourth side surface S4.

[0182] As shown in FIG. 17, in the third imaging mode, the first gap 53 between the first prism 51 and the second prism 52 and the second gap 58 between the second prism 52 and the third prism 57 are both filled with the second fluid F2. At this time, the first side surface S1, the second side surface S2, the third side surface S3, and the fourth side surface S4 all form transmissive surfaces. Third light rays from the fifth lens group 70 are reflected by the fifth side surface S5 of the third prism 57, and then pass through the fourth side surface S4, the first gap 53 (second fluid F2), the second prism 52, the first gap 53, and the first prism 51 in sequence, and enter the third lens group 30. At this time, first light rays from the first lens group 10 cannot enter the third lens group 30 due to the shielding effect of the corresponding light shield 80 and the transmission of the first side surface S1; second light rays from the second lens group 20 cannot enter the third lens group 30 due to the shielding effect of the corresponding light shield 80 and the transmission of the third side surface S3.

[0183] It can be understood that in some examples, the light shield 80 shown in FIGS. 15-17 can not be provided.

[0184] The following continues to introduce how the fluid in the first gap 53 is alternately replaced in combination with the drawings.

[0185] FIG. 18 is a state diagram of a fluid circulation system provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein (a) of FIG. 18 is a state diagram of the fluid circulation system in a first imaging mode, and (b) of FIG. 18 is a state diagram of the fluid circulation system in a second imaging mode. As shown in FIG. 18, the fluid circulation system provided by an embodiment of the present application can alternately fill the first fluid F1 or the second fluid in the first gap 53.

[0186] The fluid circulation system can include a first cavity C1 for containing the first fluid F1, a second cavity C2 for containing the second fluid F2, a first motor M1 and a second motor M2, wherein the first cavity C1 and the second cavity C2 are both in communication with the first gap 53; the first motor M1 is connected with the first cavity C1 for changing the volume of the first cavity C1; the second motor M2 is connected with the second cavity C2 for changing the volume of the second cavity C2; the first motor M1 and the second motor M2 work cooperatively to fill the first fluid F1 or the second fluid F2 in the first gap 53.

[0187] In some examples, the first cavity C1 is connected to one side of the first gap 53, and the second cavity C2 is connected to the other side of the first gap 53, for example, the first cavity C1 and the second cavity C2 are separately arranged on two opposite sides of the prism. In some examples, the first cavity C1 and the second cavity C2 can also be connected on the same side of the first gap 53.

[0188] The first cavity C1 and the second cavity C2 are flexible and deformable, and the volume of each cavity can be compressed or increased. In some examples, at least one wall of the first cavity C1 and / or the second cavity C2 is composed of an elastic film, and the elastic film can be deformed by a motor drive, so as to change the volume of the cavity. Taking the first cavity C1 as an example, the elastic film of the first cavity C1 can be pressed by the first motor M1 to compress the volume of the first cavity C1, or the elastic film of the first cavity C1 can be pulled by the first motor M1 to increase the volume of the first cavity C1.

[0189] The elastic film can be made of an easily deformable material such as rubber or silicone, and the elastic film can be transparent or opaque.

[0190] In some examples, the first cavity C1 and / or the second cavity C2 can be in contact with the surface of the prism, using the non-gap surface of the prism as one of the surfaces. Taking the first cavity C1 as an example, the elastic film can be sealed on the non-gap surface of the prism adjacent to the gap surface to form the first cavity C1, wherein the elastic film can cover one non-gap surface of the first prism 51 or the second prism 52, or cover one non-gap surface of the first prism 51 and one non-gap surface of the second prism 52 on the same side of the first gap 53.

[0191] In some examples, the first cavity C1 and the second cavity C2 are closed cavities except for the part in communication with the first gap 53; the volume change of the first cavity C1 and the second cavity C2 can be greater than the volume of the first gap 53, so that the entire first gap 53 can be filled with the first fluid F1 or the second fluid F2. In some examples, the first cavity C1 and the second cavity C2 can also be in communication with other components.

[0192] In some examples, the first motor M1 can be bonded to the first cavity C1, for example, to the elastic film of the first cavity C1; similarly, the second motor M2 can be bonded to the second cavity C2, for example, to the elastic film of the second cavity C2.

[0193] In some examples, the first motor M1 and / or the second motor M2 can be a voice coil motor or a piezoelectric motor, but are not limited thereto.

[0194] The working principle of the above fluid circulation system will be described below.

[0195] As shown in (a) of FIG. 18, when it is determined that the first imaging mode is needed, the first motor M1 presses the first cavity C1, the volume of the first cavity C1 is compressed, and the first fluid F1 in the first cavity C1 is pressed into the first gap 53. At the same time, the second motor M2 pulls the second cavity C2, so that the volume of the second cavity C2 becomes larger, so that the second fluid F2 can be contained in the second cavity C2, i.e., the second fluid F2 is discharged from the first gap 53 into the second cavity C2.

[0196] As shown in (b) of FIG. 18, when it is determined that the second imaging mode is needed, the second motor M2 presses the second cavity C2, the volume of the second cavity C2 is compressed, and the second fluid F2 in the second cavity C2 is pressed into the first gap 53. At the same time, the first motor M1 pulls the first cavity C1, so that the volume of the first cavity C1 becomes larger, so that the first fluid F1 can be contained in the first cavity C1, i.e., the first fluid F1 is discharged from the first gap 53 into the first cavity C1.

[0197] It should be noted that the first fluid F1 and the second fluid F2 in the embodiments of the present application can be immiscible fluids, i.e., the two fluids do not mutually dissolve, for example, the first fluid F1 is air, nitrogen, argon or carbon dioxide, etc., and the second fluid F2 is alcohol, water or other liquid that meets the refractive index requirement and is transparent or transmissive.

[0198] FIG. 19 is a state diagram of another fluid circulation system provided by the embodiments of the present application, wherein (a) of FIG. 19 is a state diagram of the fluid circulation system in a first imaging mode, and (b) of FIG. 19 is a state diagram of the fluid circulation system in a second imaging mode.

[0199] As shown in FIG. 19, the main difference between the fluid circulation system and the fluid circulation system shown in FIG. 18 is that one of the first cavity C1 and the second cavity C2 is connected to a motor, and the other cavity is not connected to a motor. The motor connected to the cavity can provide a pushing force or a pulling force.

[0200] Here, for example, the second cavity C2 is connected to the second motor M2. The first motor M2 can compress the volume of the second cavity C2, so that the second fluid F2 is discharged from the second cavity C2 to the first gap 53, and the first fluid F1 is discharged from the first gap 53 to the first cavity C1. The first motor M2 can also increase the volume of the second cavity C2, so that the second fluid F2 is discharged from the first gap 53 to the second cavity C2, and the first fluid F1 is discharged from the first cavity C1 to the first gap 53.

[0201] As shown in (a) of FIG. 19, when it is determined that the first imaging mode is needed, the second motor M2 pulls the second cavity C2, so that the volume of the second cavity C2 becomes larger, so that the second fluid F2 can be contained in the second cavity C2. At this time, under the action of the internal pressure, the first fluid F1 is discharged from the first cavity C1 and fills the first gap 53, and the volume of the first cavity C1 decreases.

[0202] As shown in (b) of FIG. 19, when it is determined that the second imaging mode is needed, the second motor M2 presses the second cavity C2, and the volume of the second cavity C2 is compressed. The second fluid F2 in the second cavity C2 is pressed into the first gap 53. Under the action of the internal pressure, the first fluid F1 is pressed into the first cavity C1, and the volume of the first cavity C1 becomes larger.

[0203] In some examples, at least one wall surface of the first cavity C1 can have elasticity, so that when the first imaging mode is needed, the first cavity C1 can press the first fluid F1 in the cavity by the elastic contraction force of the first cavity C1, thereby facilitating the first fluid F1 to enter the first gap 53.

[0204] It can be understood that in some examples, the first cavity C1 can also be connected with the first motor M1, and the second cavity C2 is not connected with a motor, and the specific implementation and working principle are similar to the above embodiment, which will not be described here.

[0205] FIG. 20 is a state diagram of another fluid circulation system provided by the embodiment of the application, wherein (a) of FIG. 20 is a state diagram of the fluid circulation system in the first imaging mode, and (b) of FIG. 20 is a state diagram of the fluid circulation system in the second imaging mode.

[0206] Considering the compressibility of the gas, in the case that the first fluid F1 is a gas, the first cavity C1 for containing the first fluid F1 can also be a fixed-volume cavity. As shown in FIG. 20, the main difference between the fluid circulation system and the fluid circulation system shown in FIG. 19 is that the second cavity C2 is deformable, and the first cavity C1 is a fixed-volume cavity, which can save space, and when it is necessary to enter the first imaging mode, the first fluid F1 can be better filled into the first gap 53 by the expansion force of the first fluid F1 in the first cavity C1.

[0207] As shown in (a) of FIG. 20, when it is determined that it is necessary to enter the first imaging mode, the second motor M2 pulls the second cavity C2, so that the volume of the second cavity C2 becomes larger, so that the second fluid F2 can be contained in the second cavity C2; at this time, under the action of the internal pressure, the first fluid F1 is discharged from the first cavity C1 and filled into the first gap 53, and the volume of the first cavity C1 does not change (the internal pressure becomes smaller).

[0208] As shown in (b) of FIG. 20, when it is determined that it is necessary to enter the second imaging mode, the second motor M2 squeezes the second cavity C2, and the volume of the second cavity C2 is compressed, and the second fluid F2 in the second cavity C2 is squeezed into the first gap 53. Under the action of the internal pressure, the first fluid F1 is pressed into the first cavity C1, and the volume of the first cavity C1 does not change (the internal pressure becomes larger).

[0209] The above describes the implementation principle of the fluid circulation system corresponding to the first gap 53 between the first prism 51 and the second prism 52, and it can be understood that in some examples, the fluid circulation system corresponding to the second gap 58 between the second prism 52 and the third prism 57 can also be implemented in the above similar manner, which will not be described here.

[0210] As mentioned above, the light shielding member 80 can be arranged to shield the first light or the second light. In some embodiments, the light shielding member 80 can be multiplexed, i.e., the light shielding member 80 can be used to shield the second light to prevent the second light from entering the second prism 52 when the optical lens is in the first imaging mode, and can also be used to shield the first light to prevent the first light from entering the first prism 51 when the optical lens is in the second imaging mode. The light shielding member 80 will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0211] Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the state of the light shielding member in the first imaging mode, Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the state of the light shielding member in the second imaging mode, Fig. 23 is a top view of the light shielding member in the first imaging mode, and Fig. 24 is a top view of the light shielding member in the second imaging mode. As shown in Figs. 21-24, in the embodiments of the present application, a cavity 81 can be formed in the light shielding member 80, the cavity 81 covers the light entrance surfaces of the first prism 51 and the second prism 52, and can include a first region 81a opposite the first prism 51 and a second region 81b opposite the second prism 52. When the optical lens is in the first imaging mode, the first region 81a is filled with a fourth fluid F4 having a light transmission property, and the second region 81b is filled with a third fluid F3 having a light shielding property. When the optical lens is in the second imaging mode, the first region 81a is filled with the third fluid F3, and the second region 81b is filled with the fourth fluid F4.

[0212] The third fluid F3 can be a liquid or a gas having a light shielding property, and the fourth fluid F4 can be a liquid or a gas having a light transmission property (e.g., a high light transmission property).

[0213] In a specific implementation, the third fluid F3 can be confined in the cavity 81 and can move in the cavity 81. The fourth fluid F4 is immiscible with the third fluid F3, and the region of the cavity 81 other than the region where the third fluid F3 is located can be filled with the fourth fluid F4.

[0214] As shown in Figs. 21 and 23, when the third fluid F3 is moved to the region (i.e., the second region 81b) corresponding to the light entrance surface of the second prism 52, the region (i.e., the first region 81a) corresponding to the light entrance surface of the first prism 51 is filled with the fourth fluid F4. At this time, the third fluid F3 can be used to shield the second light, and the fourth fluid F4 can be used to allow the first light to pass through.

[0215] As shown in Figs. 22 and 24, when the third fluid F3 is moved to the first region 81a corresponding to the light entrance surface of the first prism 51, the second region 81b corresponding to the light entrance surface of the second prism 52 is filled with the fourth fluid F4. At this time, the third fluid F3 can be used to shield the first light, and the fourth fluid F4 can be used to allow the second light to pass through.

[0216] In some examples, as shown in FIG. 23 and FIG. 24, the light shield 80 can further include a third cavity C3, a fourth cavity C4, a third motor M3 and a fourth motor M4. The third cavity C3 is configured to contain the fourth fluid F4 and is in communication with the second region 81b; the fourth cavity C4 is configured to contain the fourth fluid F4 and is in communication with the first region 81a; the third motor M3 is connected to the third cavity C3 and is configured to change the volume of the third cavity C3; the fourth motor M4 is connected to the fourth cavity C4 and is configured to change the volume of the fourth cavity C4; the third motor M3 and the fourth motor M4 work together to move the fourth fluid F4 in the fourth cavity C4 to the first region 81a and move the third fluid F3 from the first region 81a to the second region 81b when it is needed to enter the first imaging mode; and move the fourth fluid F4 in the third cavity C3 to the second region 81b and move the third fluid F3 from the second region 81b to the first region 81a when it is needed to enter the second imaging mode.

[0217] In some examples, the third cavity C3 is connected to one side of the cavity 81 and the fourth cavity C4 is connected to the other side of the cavity 81, for example, the third cavity C3 is located on the side of the second region 81b away from the first region 81a and the fourth cavity C4 is located on the side of the first region 81a away from the second region 81b, so as to facilitate the movement of the third fluid F3 between the first region 81a and the second region 81b.

[0218] Similar to the first cavity C1 and the second cavity C2, the third cavity C3 and the fourth cavity C4 are flexible and deformable, and the volume of each cavity can be compressed or increased. Similarly, at least one wall of the third cavity C3 and / or the fourth cavity C4 is made of an elastic film, and the elastic film can be deformed by a motor, thereby changing the volume of the cavity.

[0219] In some examples, the third cavity C3 and / or the fourth cavity C4 can share a surface with the prism, and the non-gap surface of the prism is used as one of the surfaces.

[0220] In some examples, the third motor M3 can be attached to the third cavity C3, for example, attached to the elastic film of the third cavity C3; similarly, the fourth motor M4 can be attached to the fourth cavity C4, for example, attached to the elastic film of the fourth cavity C4.

[0221] The third motor M3 and / or the fourth motor M4 can be a voice coil motor or a piezoelectric motor, but are not limited thereto.

[0222] As shown in FIG. 23, when it is determined that the first imaging mode is needed, the third motor M3 pulls the third chamber C3, and the fourth motor M4 presses the fourth chamber C4, so that the non-transparent third fluid F3 is moved to the second region 81b corresponding to the light entrance surface of the second prism 52 under the action of internal pressure, and the third fluid F3 can be used to block the second light. The transparent fourth fluid F4 in the fourth chamber C4 is discharged to the first region 81a corresponding to the light entrance surface of the first prism 51 for the first light to pass through and be incident into the first prism 51.

[0223] As shown in FIG. 24, when it is determined that the second imaging mode is needed, the third motor M3 presses the third chamber C3, and the fourth motor M4 pulls the fourth chamber C4, so that the non-transparent third fluid F3 is moved to the first region 81a corresponding to the light entrance surface of the first prism 51 under the action of internal pressure, and the third fluid F3 can be used to block the first light. The transparent fourth fluid F4 in the third chamber C3 is discharged to the second region 81b corresponding to the light entrance surface of the second prism 52 for the second light to pass through and be incident into the second prism 52.

[0224] In some examples, the third fluid F3 and / or the fourth fluid F4 can be a liquid, so that the surface tension and cohesive force of the liquid can be used to make the third fluid F3 or the fourth fluid F4 contract together, thereby better filling the first region 81a or the second region 81b.

[0225] Correspondingly, the third chamber C3 and / or the fourth chamber C4 can be a liquid capsule, which can be pressed by a driving component (such as the motor described above) to drive the fourth fluid F4 in the liquid capsule, thereby pushing the third fluid F3 in the chamber to move in the chamber; through the cooperation of the third motor M3 and the fourth motor M4, the switching of the third fluid F3 between different regions can be realized, thereby realizing the light blocking switching function.

[0226] In some examples, the third fluid F3 is an opaque liquid, and the fourth fluid F4 is a transparent liquid. The density of the third fluid F3 is close to that of the fourth fluid F4, and the density of the two can be between 0.5 g / cm 3 and 5.0 g / cm 3 .

[0227] As shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the light blocking piece 80 can include a cover plate 82 for forming the cavity 81, and the cover plate 82 can be arranged on a base 83 to improve stability.

[0228] In some examples, the cover plate 82 can form a box structure with both ends open, and the inner cavity of the cover plate 82 forms the cavity 81. The base 83 can be provided with through holes for the first light and the second light to pass through, or the base 83 can be made of a transparent material such as glass or resin.

[0229] In some examples, a cover plate 82 can be provided on the base 83, and a cavity 81 is formed between the cover plate 82 and the base 83. The base 83 can be made of a transparent material.

[0230] In some examples, as shown in FIG. 25, the cover plate 82 can include a substrate layer 822, and a first anti-reflection layer 821 and a second anti-reflection layer 823 disposed on both sides of the substrate layer 822 to improve the light transmittance.

[0231] In some examples, a hydrophobic layer 824 can also be disposed on the inner side of the second anti-reflection layer 823 to better prevent liquid from remaining on the surface of the cavity 81.

[0232] FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a cavity according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 26, in order to better cover the light inlet 511 of the first prism 51 or the light inlet 521 of the second prism 52, a flow limiting member 84 can be disposed in the cavity 81 to limit the position of the third fluid F3. The flow limiting member 84 can be symmetrically disposed on both sides of the light inlet.

[0233] In some examples, the flow limiting member 84 can have a T-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 26. In some examples, the flow limiting member 84 can also have other shapes, such as a rectangular or trapezoidal cross section.

[0234] FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of another cavity according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 27, in some examples, the inner side wall of the flow limiting member 84 can be inwardly bent at both ends to form a bent edge 841, which further limits the position of the third fluid F3, so that the third fluid F3 better covers the light inlet of the prism.

[0235] In some examples, the middle part of the inner side wall of the flow limiting member 84 can form a protrusion 842, which is located between the light inlet 511 of the first prism 51 and the light inlet 521 of the second prism 52, to better separate the first region 81a and the second region 81b, and further limit the position of the third fluid F3.

[0236] FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of the state of another light shielding member in a first imaging mode, and FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of the state of another light shielding member in a second imaging mode. As shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the main difference between the light shielding member 80 and the light shielding member 80 shown in FIG. 23 is that the light shielding member 80 is only used to shield one of the light inlets 511 and 521, that is, the light shielding member 80 is only used to shield the first light rays directed to the first prism 51, or only used to shield the second light rays directed to the second prism 52. Here, the light shielding member 80 is used to shield the light inlet 511.

[0237] In some examples, the light shield 80 can be provided only for one of the first prism 51 and the second prism 52; in some examples, the light shield 80 can be provided for the first prism 51 and the second prism 52 respectively.

[0238] As shown in FIG. 28 and FIG. 29, the light shield 80 can include the cavity 81, the third cavity C3 and the fourth cavity C4, at this time, the third cavity C3 can be used to accommodate the third fluid F3, the fourth cavity C4 can be used to accommodate the fourth fluid F4, and the third cavity C3 can be connected to the third motor M3.

[0239] As shown in FIG. 28, when it is determined that the first imaging mode needs to be entered, the third motor M1 pulls the third cavity C3, so that the light-blocking third fluid F3 flows back into the third cavity C3 under the action of the internal pressure, and the light-transmitting fourth fluid F4 is squeezed into the cavity 81 under the action of the internal pressure difference and / or the elastic force of the fourth cavity C4, so that the first light is emitted into the first prism 51 after passing through the fourth fluid F4.

[0240] As shown in FIG. 29, when it is determined that the second imaging mode needs to be entered, the third motor M1 squeezes the third cavity C3, so that the light-blocking third fluid F3 is discharged into the cavity 81, and the third fluid F3 can be used to shield the first light. The light-transmitting fourth fluid F4 is squeezed into the fourth cavity C4, and the fourth cavity C4 expands and becomes larger due to the squeezing action.

[0241] The implementation principle of the light shield 80 is similar to that of the fluid circulation system shown in FIG. 19, and other descriptions can be referred to the related descriptions in the embodiment shown in FIG. 19, which will not be repeated here.

[0242] In some examples, the fourth cavity C4 can also be connected to the fourth motor M4, and the implementation principle is similar to that of the fluid circulation system shown in FIG. 18, and specific descriptions can be referred to the related descriptions in the embodiment shown in FIG. 18, which will not be repeated here.

[0243] In some examples, in the case that the fourth fluid F4 is a gas, the fourth cavity C4 can also be provided as a fixed volume cavity in a similar manner as shown in FIG. 20, and the specific implementation principle can be referred to the related descriptions in the embodiment shown in FIG. 20, which will not be repeated here.

[0244] The above mainly takes the example of the light shield 80 being implemented in a non-moving part manner, in some examples, the light shield 80 can also be implemented in a moving part manner.

[0245] The camera module 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application realizes the light path switching function of the optical lens in an optical non-moving element mode, can make the multi-focus section switching of the optical lens not need optical moving elements, that is, the light transmission element does not move, so that the optical quality sacrifice caused by the movement tolerance can be well eliminated, and the system reliability and the imaging quality are effectively improved. Moreover, the overall size of the optical lens is relatively small, and the module space can be saved.

[0246] The above merely provides the specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An optical lens, characterized in that, include: A light guide module (50) includes a first prism (51) and a second prism (52) fixedly disposed therein; the light incident surface of the first prism (51) is used to receive a first light ray, and the light incident surface of the second prism (52) is used to receive a second light ray; a first gap (53) is provided between the first side surface (S1) of the first prism (51) and the second side surface (S2) of the second prism (52), and the first gap (53) can be filled with a first fluid (F1) or a second fluid (F2); When the first gap (53) is filled with the first fluid (F1), the first side surface (S1) forms a reflective surface for the first light to reflect the first light to the image sensor (120) so that the optical lens enters the first imaging mode; When the first gap (53) is filled with the second fluid (F2), the first side (S1) and the second side (S2) form the transmission surface of the second light. The third side (S3) of the second prism (52) is used to reflect the second light to the second side (S2), so that the second light passes through the second side (S2), the gap (53) and the first side (S1) in sequence and then enters the image sensor (120) so that the optical lens enters the second imaging mode. The optical lens has different effective focal lengths in the first imaging mode and the second imaging mode, and the refractive index of the first fluid (F1) is less than the refractive index of the second fluid (F2).

2. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first gap (53) is filled with the first fluid (F1), the second side surface (S2) forms a reflecting surface for the second light.

3. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the first gap (53) is filled with the second fluid (F2), the first side surface (S1) also forms a transmission surface for the first light.

4. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The range of the incident angle of the first ray on the first side (S1) is θ. 11 ~θ 12 The refractive index of the first prism (51) is N1, and the refractive index of the first fluid (F1) is N3. Therefore, the following relationship holds: N3 / N1 < sin(θ). 11 ).

5. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The range of the incident angle of the second ray on the second side (S2) is θ. 21 ~θ 22 The refractive index of the second prism (52) is N2, and the refractive index of the second fluid (F2) is N4. Therefore, the following relationship holds: N4 / N2 > sin(θ). 22 ).

6. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A hydrophobic layer (55) is provided on the first side (S1) and / or the second side (S2).

7. The optical lens according to claim 6, characterized in that, An anti-reflective layer (54) is provided between the hydrophobic layer (55) and the first side surface (S1) or the second side surface (S2).

8. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first prism (51) and the second prism (52) have the same refractive index.

9. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The width of the first gap (53) is 50 to 500 micrometers.

10. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The first fluid (F1) is a gas, and the second fluid (F2) is a liquid.

11. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The light guide module (50) also includes: The first cavity (C1) is used to contain the first fluid (F1) and is connected to the first gap (53); The second cavity (C2) is used to contain the second fluid (F2) and is connected to the first gap (53); A first driving member is used to change the volume of the first cavity (C1) and / or the second cavity (C2) to fill the first fluid (F1) or the second fluid (F2) into the first gap (53), wherein the first fluid (F1) and the second fluid (F2) are immiscible.

12. The optical lens according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first driving element includes: A first motor (M1) is used to compress the volume of the first cavity (C1) to discharge the first fluid (F1) from the first cavity (C1) into the first gap (53), and to discharge the second fluid (F2) from the first gap (53) into the second cavity (C2); and / or, The first motor (M1) is also used to increase the volume of the first cavity (C1) so that the first fluid (F1) is discharged from the first gap (53) into the first cavity (C1) and the second fluid (F2) is discharged from the second cavity (C2) into the first gap (53).

13. The optical lens according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first driving component further includes: A second motor (M2) is configured to increase the volume of the second cavity (C2) when the first motor (M1) compresses the volume of the first cavity (C1); and / or, The second motor (M2) is also used to compress the volume of the second cavity (C2) when the first motor (M1) increases the volume of the first cavity (C1).

14. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, The optical lens also includes: A light-blocking element (80) is used to block the second light when the optical lens is in the first imaging mode, so as to prevent the second light from entering the second prism (52); and / or, The light-shielding member (80) is also used to block the first light when the optical lens is in the second imaging mode, so as to prevent the first light from entering the first prism (51).

15. The optical lens according to claim 14, characterized in that, The light-shielding element (80) includes: The cavity (81) includes a first region (81a) opposite to the first prism (51) and a second region (81b) opposite to the second prism (52); When the optical lens is in the first imaging mode, the first region (81a) is filled with a fourth fluid (F4) with light-transmitting properties, and the second region (81b) is filled with a third fluid (F3) with light-shielding properties. When the optical lens is in the second imaging mode, the first region (81a) is filled with the third fluid (F3), and the second region (81b) is filled with the fourth fluid (F4).

16. The optical lens according to claim 15, characterized in that, The light-shielding element (80) also includes: The third cavity (C3) is used to contain the fourth fluid (F4) and is connected to the second region (81b); A fourth cavity (C4) is used to contain the fourth fluid (F4) and is connected to the first region (81a); A second driving element is used to change the volume of the third cavity (C3) and / or the fourth cavity (C4) to discharge the fourth fluid (F4) from the fourth cavity (C4) to the first region (81a) and to discharge the third fluid (F3) from the first region (81a) to the second region (81b); or, The fourth fluid (F4) is discharged from the third cavity (C3) to the second region (81b), and the third fluid (F3) is discharged from the second region (81b) to the first region (81a); The third fluid (F3) and the fourth fluid (F4) are immiscible.

17. A camera module, characterized in that, It includes an image sensor (120) and an optical lens as claimed in any one of claims 1-16, the optical lens being used to project light onto the image sensor (120).

18. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes the camera module as described in claim 17.

Images