Communication method, device and system

Abstract

A communication method, device and system, which are applicable to a self-transmitting and self-receiving sensing scenario. The method comprises: generating a first signal, wherein the first signal comprises N sensing signal groups; sending the first signal by means of N first ports, wherein the N first ports are in one-to-one correspondence to the N sensing signal groups, and each of the N first ports corresponds to N subcarriers; receiving a second signal by means of P second ports, wherein the second signal is obtained by the first signal passing through a wireless channel; and determining a first channel coefficient on the basis of the first signal and the second signal, wherein the first channel coefficient is used for channel estimation or sensing. By means of designing the transmission and reception of a plurality of sensing signal groups, the communication performance and sensing performance are improved.

Description

Communication method, apparatus and system

[0001] The present application claims priority from the Chinese patent application No. 202410852446.0 filed on June 27, 2024, and entitled "Communication method, apparatus and system", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly, to a communication method, apparatus and system. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the continuous development of communication technology and wireless sensing technology, the integration of communication technology and wireless sensing technology, i.e., integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), has become a popular research direction. In a wireless sensing system, the wireless signals transmitted by a communication device have both sensing and communication capabilities. For example, a transmitting end can transmit a sensing signal for sensing measurement to a receiving end to achieve sensing of a sensing target, such as sensing the surrounding environment, the moving speed of an object, the distance, etc.

[0004] Communication often pursues higher transmission efficiency, or in other words, higher spectrum utilization, while sensing pursues higher detection accuracy of the sensing target, and the requirements of the two are usually contradictory. Currently, research is mainly focused on the configuration of sensing signals corresponding to a single port, and does not involve the configuration scheme of sensing signals corresponding to multiple ports. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a communication method, apparatus and system to improve communication performance and sensing performance.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be performed by a first apparatus. In the absence of special description, the "first apparatus" in the present application can refer to the first apparatus itself (e.g., a terminal device or a network device), a component (e.g., a communication module, a processor, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the first apparatus, or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the first apparatus.

[0007] The method comprises: generating a first signal, the first signal comprising N groups of sensing signals, N being an integer greater than or equal to 1; transmitting the first signal through N ports, the N ports corresponding to the N groups of sensing signals in one-to-one correspondence, each of the N first ports corresponding to N subcarriers; receiving a second signal through P second ports, the second signal being obtained from the first signal through a wireless channel, each of the P second ports corresponding to N subcarriers, P being an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N; and determining a first channel coefficient (or a first channel gain coefficient) according to the first signal and the second signal, the first channel coefficient being used for channel estimation or sensing.

[0008] Optionally, the N first ports can be N first ports that are continuously distributed in a frequency domain, for example, N = 2, port 1 can correspond to subcarrier 1 on symbol 0, and port 2 can correspond to subcarrier 2 on symbol 0. By setting the N first ports that are continuously distributed in the frequency domain, not only can the hardware implementation be simple, but also the spectrum utilization efficiency can be improved, and the user experience can be improved.

[0009] The implementation mode is suitable for a self-emission and self-reception sensing scenario, for example, a terminal device or a network device transmits a sensing signal and receives a backhaul signal, and performs sensing measurement on a sensing target according to the backhaul signal to implement sensing on the sensing target.

[0010] Based on the above scheme, the first device can calculate the first channel coefficient by transmitting the first signal and receiving the second signal to implement channel estimation or sensing. By designing that the N first ports correspond to the N groups of sensing signals in one-to-one correspondence and each of the N first ports corresponds to N subcarriers, the first device transmits one group of sensing signals on the N subcarriers corresponding to one first port, which can improve the stability and accuracy of channel estimation to implement better channel estimation or sensing.

[0011] In a possible design, the first ports are different from the second ports, or the second ports are one or more ports of the first ports. That is, the P second ports can be completely different from the N first ports, or there can be some same ports between the P second ports and the N first ports, or the P second ports belong to the N first ports, that is, the P second ports are part or all of the N first ports.

[0012] In a possible design, when the number P of the second ports is equal to 1, it indicates that a receiving end uses a single receiving antenna to receive the second signal, that is, the receiving end collects signals on multiple subcarriers (frequency points) through a single antenna, and solves the first channel coefficients corresponding to multiple ports of a transmitting end based on the first signal and the second signal.

[0013] That is, the first signal sent by the first device, the second signal received, and the first channel coefficient determined can satisfy:

[0014] wherein, represents the first signal, represents the second signal, represents the first channel coefficient, k represents the kth subcarrier in the N subcarriers, x i (k) represents an element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the ith first port, i = 0, 1, 2, …, N-1, and k is a positive integer.

[0015] In a possible design, the method further includes: zeroing a first element in the N*N elements included in the first signal, where the first element is one of the N*N elements.

[0016] Based on the above scheme, by zeroing any element included in the first signal, i.e., the corresponding port does not transmit the sensing signal on the subcarrier, the probability of the matrix corresponding to the first signal being ill-conditioned can be reduced, and the performance of channel estimation can be improved.

[0017] In a possible design, the method further includes: performing power boosting on the other N*(N-1) elements in the N*N elements except the first element.

[0018] Based on the above scheme, by distributing the power of the zeroed subcarriers to other non-zero subcarriers, power amplification of the subcarriers is implemented, which can not only improve the sensing root-mean-square error (RMSE) performance, but also enable the sensing signal group to be transmitted at equal intervals in the frequency domain, thereby reducing the sensing complexity.

[0019] In a possible design, is any one of the following:

[0020] Or,

[0021] In a possible design, is a Fourier matrix, and an element in the mth row and the nth column of the Fourier matrix satisfies: e j2πmn / N wherein, m = 1, 2, …, N, and n = 1, 2, …, N.

[0022] In a possible design is an orthogonal matrix A, and A*A H = I N wherein, A H represents the conjugate transpose of the orthogonal matrix A, I N represents an N-order unit matrix.

[0023] Based on the above scheme, by designing different forms of the first signal, the matrix composed of N elements is a diagonal matrix, representing the frequency division data placement of N ports, which can avoid the generation of ill-conditioned matrix, making the channel estimation more accurate and stable; by setting the N element matrix A, wherein A satisfies: the result of A*A^H or A^H*A is a diagonal matrix; and / or, the result of A*A^T or A^T*A is a diagonal matrix, frequency domain diversity gain can be achieved, especially for high order modulation mode; when N=1, the stability of the first signal can be made better, the complexity of channel estimation is reduced, and the sensing performance is improved.

[0024] Optionally, the diagonal matrix B obtained by A^H*A can be the same as or different from the diagonal matrix B' obtained by A*A^H, and the diagonal matrix C obtained by A*A^T can be the same as or different from the diagonal matrix C' obtained by A^T*A, which is not limited.

[0025] In a possible design, when the number of second ports P is greater than 1, for example, P=N, it means that the receiving end uses multiple receiving antennas to receive the second signal, that is, the receiving end collects signals on multiple subcarriers (frequency points) through multiple antennas, and solves the first channel coefficients corresponding to multiple ports of the transmitting end based on the first signal and the second signal.

[0026] That is, the first signal sent by the first device, the second signal received, and the first channel coefficient determined can satisfy:

[0027] wherein, represents the first signal, represents the second signal, represents the first channel coefficient, and k represents the kth subcarrier in the N subcarriers, x i (k) represents an element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the ith first port, y i (k) represents an element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the ith second port, represents the channel coefficient between the 0th first port and the ith second port, i=1, 2, …, N, and k is a positive integer.

[0028] Specifically, the second signal received by the receiving end through the receiving antenna 0 satisfies:

[0029] Similarly, the second signal received by the receiving end through the receiving antenna i satisfies:

[0030] In a possible design, the method further includes: obtaining first information, where the first information is used to indicate H first ports, the H first ports include the N first ports, each of the H first ports corresponds to N subcarriers, and H is an integer greater than or equal to N; and repeatedly transmitting one of the N groups of sensing signals on a subcarrier corresponding to a third port, or performing power boosting on the N groups of sensing signals, where the third port is at least one of the other H-N first ports in the H first ports other than the N first ports.

[0031] Based on the above scheme, for the H first ports indicated by the first information, the first device can use N first ports of the H first ports to transmit the groups of sensing signals, and for time-frequency resources corresponding to the H-N first ports, the first device can repeatedly transmit one or more of the N groups of sensing signals, or transmit other signals, or keep the subcarriers empty, which can improve the stability of sensing signal transmission, increase system throughput, and improve transmission performance and sensing performance.

[0032] In a possible design, the N first ports belong to a same code division multiplexing (CDM) group; or the H first ports belong to a same CDM group; or the N first ports belong to a first CDM group, and the H-N first ports belong to a second CDM group.

[0033] Based on the above scheme, by setting the N first ports to be mutually orthogonal, and / or the H first ports to be mutually orthogonal, or in other words, implementing code division among the N first ports, and / or implementing code division among the H first ports, the sensing performance and the transmission performance can be improved.

[0034] In a possible design, the method further includes: obtaining second information, where the second information includes a first offset value, the first offset value is used to indicate a frequency offset value between a first subcarrier corresponding to a first time unit and a second subcarrier corresponding to a second time unit, and the first time unit and the second time unit are adjacent time units; and transmitting the first signal through the N first ports, including: transmitting the first signal on the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier through the N first ports; where the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier both belong to the N subcarriers.

[0035] Based on the above scheme, the first device can transmit the first signal in a frequency hopping manner to obtain more frequency diversity gain and improve sensing / channel estimation accuracy.

[0036] In a second aspect, a communication apparatus is provided with the functions of the first aspect, for example, the communication apparatus includes modules or units or means corresponding to the operations of the first aspect, which can be implemented in software, or in hardware, or in a combination of software and hardware.

[0037] The communication apparatus can be the first apparatus, or a module or unit (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit) in the first apparatus for performing the method or operations or steps or actions described in the first aspect, or an apparatus that can be used with the first apparatus.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus includes a transceiver (or a communication module, including a sending unit and / or a receiving unit), and a processing unit (or a processing module) connected with the transceiver.

[0039] The processing unit is configured to generate a first signal, the first signal including N groups of sensing signals, N being an integer greater than or equal to 1; the transceiver is configured to send the first signal through N first ports, the N first ports corresponding to the N groups of sensing signals one by one, each of the N ports corresponding to N subcarriers; the transceiver is further configured to receive a second signal through P second ports, the second signal being obtained from the first signal through a wireless channel, each of the P second ports corresponding to N subcarriers, P being an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N; and the processing unit is further configured to determine a first channel coefficient according to the first signal and the second signal, the first channel coefficient being used for channel estimation or sensing.

[0040] In a possible design, the first ports are different from the second ports, or the second ports are one or more of the first ports.

[0041] In a possible design, when the number of the second ports P is equal to 1,

[0042] wherein, represents the first signal, represents the second signal, represents the first channel coefficient, k represents the kth subcarrier in the N subcarriers, x i represents an element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the ith first port, i=0, 1, 2, …, N-1, and k is a positive integer.

[0043] In a possible design, the processing unit is further configured to set a first element in the N*N elements included in the first signal to zero, where the first element is one of the N*N elements.

[0044] In a possible design, the processing unit is further configured to perform power boosting on the N*(N-1) elements other than the first element in the N*N elements.

[0045] In a possible design, the processing unit is further configured to perform power boosting on the N*(N-1) elements other than the first element in the N*N elements. For any one of the following:

[0046] Or,

[0047] In a possible design, the processing unit is further configured to perform power boosting on the N*(N-1) elements other than the first element in the N*N elements. is a Fourier matrix, and an element in the m th row and the n th column of the Fourier matrix satisfies: e (j2πmn / N), where m=1, 2, …, N, and n=1, 2, …, N.

[0048] In a possible design, the processing unit is further configured to perform power boosting on the N*(N-1) elements other than the first element in the N*N elements. is an orthogonal matrix A, and A*A H =I N , where A H denotes a conjugate transpose of the orthogonal matrix A, and I N denotes an N-order unit matrix.

[0049] In a possible design, when the number P of the second ports is greater than 1, then

[0050] wherein, denotes the first signal, denotes the second signal, denotes a first channel coefficient, k denotes the k th subcarrier in the N subcarriers, x i (k) denotes an element on the k th subcarrier corresponding to the i th first port, and y i (k) denotes an element on the k th subcarrier corresponding to the i th second port. denotes a channel coefficient between the 0 th first port and the i th second port, and k is a positive integer.

[0051] In a possible design, the processing unit is further configured to obtain first information, the first information being used to indicate H first ports, the H first ports including the N first ports, each of the H first ports corresponding to the N subcarriers, and H being an integer greater than or equal to N; and the transceiver is further configured to repeatedly send one of the N groups of sensing signals on a subcarrier corresponding to a third port, or the processing unit is further configured to perform power boosting on the N groups of sensing signals, wherein the third port is at least one of the other H-N first ports in the H first ports other than the N first ports.

[0052] In one possible design, the N first ports belong to a same CDM group; or, the H first ports belong to a same CDM group; or, the N first ports belong to a first CDM group and the H-N first ports belong to a second CDM group.

[0053] In one possible design, the processing unit is further configured to obtain second information, the second information including a first offset value, the first offset value being used to indicate a frequency offset value between a first subcarrier corresponding to a first time unit and a second subcarrier corresponding to a second time unit, the first time unit and the second time unit being adjacent time units; and the transceiving unit is further configured to transmit, through the N ports, a first signal on the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier, where the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier both belong to the N subcarriers.

[0054] In a third aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus can be the first apparatus described above. The communication apparatus includes a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The processor is configured to control the transceiver to transceive signals. The memory is configured to store a computer program. The processor is configured to invoke and execute the computer program from the memory, so that the communication apparatus performs the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0055] Optionally, the processor(s) and the memory(s) are integrated together.

[0056] Optionally, the memory(s) can be integrated with the processor(s) or can be located separately from the processor(s).

[0057] Optionally, the transceiver includes a transmitter (transmitter) and / or a receiver (receiver).

[0058] In a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus includes a memory and one or more processors. The memory is configured to store part or all of necessary computer programs or instructions for implementing the functions related to the first aspect described above. The one or more processors are configured to execute the computer programs or instructions, when the computer programs or instructions are executed, to cause the communication apparatus to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect described above.

[0059] In one possible design, the communication apparatus can further include an interface circuit, where the processor is configured to communicate with other apparatuses or components through the interface circuit.

[0060] In one possible design, the communication apparatus can further include the memory.

[0061] The communication device can be a terminal, or a communication module in the terminal, or a chip responsible for communication function in the terminal, such as a Modem chip (also known as a baseband chip), or a system on chip (SoC) chip or a system in a package (SIP) chip containing a modem module. For example, the terminal includes a terminal device.

[0062] The communication device can be a network device, or a communication module in the network device, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication function in the network device, or a functional module capable of invoking and executing a program in the network device.

[0063] In a fifth aspect, a communication system is provided, and the communication system includes a first device, wherein the first device is configured to perform the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0064] For example, the first device can be a terminal device, or a chip or circuit in the terminal device, or a functional module capable of invoking and executing a program in the terminal device.

[0065] For example, the first device can be a network device, or a chip or circuit in the network device, or a central unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU) in the network device, or a functional module capable of invoking and executing a program in the network device.

[0066] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program codes or instructions, so that the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect is performed, for example, when a computer reads and executes the computer program codes or instructions.

[0067] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes computer program codes or instructions, so that the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect is performed. For example, when a computer reads and executes the computer program product, the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect is performed.

[0068] In an eighth aspect, a computer program is provided. When the computer program is executed, the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect is performed.

[0069] The advantages of the second aspect to the eighth aspect can refer to the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0070] FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 are schematic diagrams of a communication system suitable for embodiments of the present application;

[0071] FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of distribution of sensing reference signals and data signals;

[0072] FIG. 6 is an interaction flow diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transmission scheme of sensing signals for two ports according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG. 8 is a transmission scheme of sensing signals for three or four ports according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a processing scheme of unused ports according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a frequency hopping scheme according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of another communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a chip system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of another chip system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] For the purpose of understanding the embodiments of the present application, the following points are explained:

[0082] (1) In the present application, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referenced if there is no special description and logical conflict, and the technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0083] (2) In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. The association relationship of "and / or" between the associated objects indicates that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the textual description of the present application, the character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b and c can represent: a, or b, or c, or a and b, or a and c, or b and c, or a, b and c. Where a, b and c can be single or multiple.

[0084] (3) In the present application, "first", "second", and various numerical numbers (for example, #1, #2, etc.) indicate the differentiation for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, different messages are distinguished, rather than used to describe a specific order or sequence. The objects thus described can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so as to be able to describe schemes other than the embodiments of the present application.

[0085] (4) In the present application, "when", "in the case of", "if" and the like all refer to the case where the device will make corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances, and are not limited to time, and do not require the device to have a judgment action when implemented, nor does it mean that there are other limitations.

[0086] (5) In the present application, "indicate" or "for indicating" can include direct indication and indirect indication. When describing that certain indication information is used to indicate A, it can include that the indication information directly indicates A or indirectly indicates A, and it does not mean that A must be carried in the indication information.

[0087] The indication manner involved in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as covering various methods that can enable the to-be-indicated party to know the to-be-indicated information. The to-be-indicated information can be sent as a whole, or can be sent separately in multiple sub-information, and the sending period and / or sending opportunity of these sub-information can be the same or different, and the present application does not limit the sending method.

[0088] The "indication information" in the embodiments of the present application can be explicit indication, that is, directly indicated through signaling, or obtained according to the parameters indicated by the signaling, combined with other rules or combined with other parameters or through derivation. It can also be implicit indication, that is, obtained according to rules or relationships, or according to other parameters, or through derivation. The present application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0089] (6) In the present application, “protocol” can refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, which can include 5G protocol, NR protocol and related protocols applied in future communication systems, and the present application does not limit it. “Predefined” can include predefinition. For example, protocol definition. “Preconfigured” can be realized by pre-saving corresponding code, table or other means that can be used to indicate related information in the device, and the present application does not limit its implementation manner.

[0090] (7) In the present application, “communication” can also be described as “communication”, “information transmission”, “data processing” and the like. “Transmission” includes “sending” and “receiving”. “Transmission” can be described as “output”. In the present application, “message”, “information”, “signal” or “information element (IE)” and the like can be used interchangeably, and the name of the message or information is not limited, as long as the corresponding function can be realized.

[0091] “Sending information to XX (device)” can be understood as that the destination of the information is the device. It can include directly or indirectly sending information to the device. “Receiving information from XX (device), or receiving information from XX (device)” can be understood as that the source of the information is the device, which can include directly or indirectly receiving information from the device. The information can be processed as necessary between the source and the destination of the information transmission, such as format change, etc., but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in the present application can be understood similarly, and will not be repeated here. In addition, “sending” can also be understood as the “output” of the chip interface, and “receiving” can also be understood as the “input” of the chip interface. In other words, “sending” or “receiving” can be carried out between devices, for example, sending or receiving through the air interface between network devices and terminal devices, and “sending” or “receiving” can also be carried out within the device, for example, sending or receiving between components, modules, chips, software modules or hardware modules within the device through bus, wire or interface.

[0092] (8) In the present application, words such as “exemplarily” and “for example” are used to represent examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as “example” in the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the word “example” is used to present the concept in a specific way. In the embodiments of the present application, “of”, “corresponding”, “corresponding” and “associated” can be used interchangeably at times, and it should be pointed out that when the difference is not emphasized, the meanings expressed are consistent.

[0093] (9) In the present application, when performing comparison between A and B, the description of “when A is greater than or equal to B, execution mode A is performed, and when A is less than or equal to B, execution mode B is performed”, the specific implementation mode can be “when A is greater than or equal to B, execution mode A is performed; or, when A is less than B, execution mode B is performed”, or “when A is greater than B, execution mode A is performed; or, when A is less than or equal to B, execution mode B is performed”, which is not limited in the present application. For the convenience of description, the implementation mode provided in the present application is taken as an example to be described, that is, “when A is greater than or equal to B, execution mode A is performed; or, when A is less than B, execution mode B is performed”.

[0094] (10) In the present application, the configuration can be signaling configuration, or can be described as configuration signaling. For example, the signaling configuration includes configuration by signaling sent by the base station, and the signaling can be radio resource control (RRC) message, downlink control information (DCI), or system information block (SIB). Alternatively, the signaling configuration can also be configuration of the terminal device by preconfigured signaling, or configuration of the terminal device by preconfigured manner. Here, the preconfiguration is to define or configure the value of the corresponding parameter in advance in the protocol manner, and store it in the terminal device when communicating with the terminal device. The preconfigured message can be modified or updated under the condition that the terminal device is connected to the network.

[0095] The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0096] The technical solutions provided in the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as a 5th generation (5G) or new radio (NR) system, a long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, and the like, and a future communication system. The technical solutions provided in the present application can also be applied to a device to device (D2D) communication system, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system, a machine to machine (M2M) communication system, a machine type communication (MTC) system, and an internet of things (IoT) communication system. The technical solutions provided in the present application can also be applied to a low-frequency scenario, a high-frequency scenario, a terahertz, optical communication, a licensed frequency band, and an unlicensed frequency band, and the like.

[0097] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system to which embodiments of the present application are applicable. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system 10 includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network (CN) 200. The RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (e.g., 110a and 110b in FIG. 1, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (e.g., 120a-120j in FIG. 1, collectively referred to as 120). The RAN 100 can further include other RAN nodes, such as a wireless relay device and / or a wireless backhaul device (not shown in FIG. 1), and the like. The terminal 120 is connected to the RAN node 110 in a wireless manner. The RAN node 110 is connected to the core network 200 in a wireless or wired manner. The core network device in the core network 200 and the RAN node 110 in the RAN 100 can be different physical devices, respectively, or can be the same physical device integrated with the logical functions of the core network and the radio access network.

[0098] The RAN 100 can be a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) related cellular system, e.g., a 4G mobile communication system, a 5G mobile communication system, or a future mobile communication system. The RAN 100 can also be an open radio access network (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. The RAN 100 can also be a communication system that combines two or more of the above systems.

[0099] The RAN node 110, which can also be referred to as an access network device, a RAN entity, or an access node, etc., forms part of the communication system, and is configured to facilitate wireless access by terminals. The RAN nodes 110 in the communication system 100 can be of the same type or of different types. In some scenarios, the roles of the RAN node 110 and the terminal 120 are relative, e.g., the network element 120i in Figure 1 can be a helicopter or a drone, which can be configured to be a mobile base station. For a terminal 120j that accesses the RAN 100 via the network element 120i, the network element 120i is a base station; but for the base station 110a, the network element 120i is a terminal. The RAN nodes 110 and the terminals 120 are sometimes referred to as communication apparatuses, e.g., the network elements 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be understood as communication apparatuses with base station functionalities, and the network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication apparatuses with terminal functionalities.

[0100] In a possible scenario, the RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc. The RAN node can be a macro base station (e.g., 110a in Figure 1), a micro base station or an indoor station (e.g., 110b in Figure 1), a relay node or a donor node, or a wireless controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, the RAN node can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the access network device in vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU).

[0101] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes cooperate to assist a terminal to implement wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of functions of a base station. For example, a RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CU-CP), a CU-user plane (CU-UP), a radio unit (RU), or a CU-radio unit (CU-RU), etc. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged, or can be included in the same network element, for example, in a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, for example, in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0102] In different systems, the CU (including an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP) and an open CU-UP (O-CU-UP), a DU, or an RU) can also have different names, but a person skilled in the art can understand its meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, the CU can also be referred to as an open central unit (O-CU), the DU can also be referred to as an open distributed unit (O-DU), the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU. For the convenience of description, the CU, the CU-CP, the CU-UP, the DU, and the RU are taken as examples for description in this application. Any one of the CU (or the CU-CP, the CU-UP), the DU, and the RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0103] The terminal 120 can be a device or module with corresponding communication functions for accessing the above-mentioned communication system. The terminal can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), terminal, user device, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal unit, terminal station, terminal device, wireless communication device, user agent, or user apparatus. The terminal is usually provided with a communication module, circuit or chip for performing corresponding communication functions. The terminal is also configured with program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions.

[0104] For example, the terminal in the embodiments of the present application can be a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer (Pad), a drone, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, an internet of things (IoT) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home (such as game consoles, smart televisions, smart speakers, smart refrigerators and fitness equipment, etc.), a transport vehicle with wireless communication function, a communication module, a roadside unit (RSU) with terminal function.

[0105] The RAN 100 and the terminal 120 can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on the water surface; can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons and satellites in the air. The scene where the RAN 100 and the terminal 120 are located is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0106] The CN 200 can be a 5G core network, an evolved 5G core network, or a future core network. Taking the 5G core network as an example, the CN 200 includes an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element responsible for services such as mobility management and access management, a session management function (SMF) network element responsible for session management, a user plane function (UPF) network element responsible for user plane packet routing and forwarding and quality of service (QoS) control, a policy control function (PCF) network element, and the like. The above core network elements can work independently or can be combined together to implement certain control functions, for example, the AMF, the SMF, and the PCF can be combined together as a core network device.

[0107] The technical solutions provided in the present application can also be applied to a non-terrestrial communication network (NTN) system, such as an inter-satellite communication system, a satellite communication system, a high altitude platform station (HAPS) communication, an integrated communication and navigation (ICaN) system, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), etc.

[0108] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another communication system suitable for embodiments provided in the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the satellite communication system includes a satellite base station, a terminal device, a ground base station, a core network, a new radio, an Xn interface, and an NG interface, etc. For example, the satellite base station 1 can provide communication services for the terminal device through the new radio, or communicate with the satellite base station 2 through the Xn interface, or communicate with the ground base station through the NG interface. The ground base station can communicate with the core network. Optionally, the satellite base station 1 or the satellite base station 2 can be a CU or a DU or a RU, or an O-RAN node carried on a satellite.

[0109] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another communication system according to embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the inter-satellite communication system includes satellite 1 and satellite 2, and satellite 1 and satellite 2 can exchange information through a channel. Satellite 1 and satellite 2 each include a communication module, a transceiver antenna, an automatic picture transmission (APT) module, and an APT transmitting / receiving antenna. The communication module is responsible for information transmission between satellite 1 and satellite 2 and is the main body of the inter-satellite communication system. The APT module is responsible for acquisition, alignment, and tracking between satellite 1 and satellite 2, determines the direction of arrival of the incident signal as acquisition, adjusts the transmission wave aiming at the receiving direction as alignment, and constantly adjusts the alignment and acquisition as tracking in the entire communication process. Optionally, the satellite can be a drone, a hot air balloon, a low-orbit satellite, a medium-orbit satellite, or a high-orbit satellite, etc.

[0110] In the above communication system, one device can send a signal to another device or receive a signal from another device. The signal can include a reference signal, information, signaling, or data, etc. In this application, the device can be replaced by an entity, a network entity, a communication device, a communication module, a node, a communication node, etc.

[0111] It should be understood that the above naming is only defined for the purpose of distinguishing different functions and should not constitute any limitation on the present application. The present application does not exclude the possibility of using other names in 5G networks and future other networks. For example, in future communication networks, part or all of the above network elements can use the terms in 5G, or other names, etc.

[0112] The communication systems shown in FIGS. 1-3 and the business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. It is known to those skilled in the art that, as the network architecture evolves and new business scenarios appear, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0113] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the terms involved in the present application are briefly explained as follows.

[0114] 1. Perception;

[0115] Perception is a process of collecting, processing collected data, and generating a perception result. For example, the distance, shape, and type of a surrounding obstacle are determined by collecting data, and for another example, the breathing rate and heartbeat of a monitored object are determined by collecting data. The collected data can be data collected by a sensor or data collected by a wireless signal.

[0116] 2. Perception scenario;

[0117] The perception scene can include a network device-based perception scene, a network device and terminal device-based perception scene, and a terminal device-based perception scene.

[0118] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a perception scene according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0119] As shown in (1) of FIG. 4, the network device-based perception scene (or base station self-transmission and self-reception) is that the network device acts as a transmission (Tx) and reception (Rx) end of the perception signal. For example, the perception signal 1 transmitted by the network device reaches a perception target or target object (for example, a vehicle), the perception signal 1 is scattered by the target object, the network device can receive the perception signal 2, and then the perception signal 2 can be processed to obtain a perception result. That is, the network device knows what it has transmitted, for example, the perception data transmitted by the network device can also be used as the perception signal.

[0120] As shown in (2) of FIG. 4, the terminal device-based perception scene (or terminal self-transmission and self-reception) is that the terminal device acts as a transmission and reception end of the perception signal. For example, the perception signal 1 transmitted by the terminal device reaches a perception target or target object (for example, a vehicle), the perception signal 1 is scattered by the target object, the terminal device can receive the perception signal 2, and then the perception signal 2 can be processed to obtain a perception result. That is, the terminal device knows what it has transmitted, for example, the perception data transmitted by the terminal device can also be used as the perception signal.

[0121] In the above scenarios, the perception signal 2 can be understood as a scattered signal of the perception signal 1, and the perception signal 2 carries more information than the perception signal 1, for example, the perception signal 2 can carry source information and environmental information. Alternatively, the number of perception signals transmitted by the transmission end is not limited in the present application.

[0122] 3. Integrated communication and sensing (ISAC);

[0123] Integrated communication and sensing can be referred to as integrated sensing and communication, or joint communication and sensing (JCAS). ISAC refers to the integration of communication and sensing functions, so that the future communication system has both communication and sensing functions. While transmitting information over a wireless channel, the characteristics of the channel are actively recognized and analyzed to perceive the physical characteristics of the surrounding environment, thereby enhancing the communication and sensing functions. Compared with a system in which sensing and communication are separated, ISAC has a series of advantages, such as cost savings, reduced device size, reduced power consumption, improved frequency efficiency, reduced mutual interference between communication and sensing, and the like.

[0124] 4、antenna port;

[0125] An antenna port is a logical concept. One antenna port can correspond to one physical transmit antenna, or can correspond to multiple physical transmit antennas. In both cases, the receiver of the terminal does not resolve signals from the same antenna port. Because from the perspective of the terminal, whether the channel is formed by a single physical transmit antenna, or is combined by multiple physical transmit antennas, the reference signal (RS) corresponding to the antenna port defines the antenna port, for example, the DMRS port corresponding to the DMRS, and the terminal can obtain the channel estimation of the corresponding antenna port according to the reference signal. Each antenna port corresponds to a time / frequency resource grid, and has its own reference signal. An antenna port is a channel, and the terminal performs channel estimation and data demodulation according to the reference signal corresponding to the antenna port.

[0126] An antenna port is usually associated with a reference signal, and its meaning can be understood as a transceiving interface on the channel experienced by the reference signal. For a low-frequency system, one antenna port can correspond to one or more antenna elements, and these elements jointly transmit the reference signal, and the receiving end can regard them as a whole and does not need to distinguish these elements. For a high-frequency system, an antenna port can correspond to a beam, and similarly, the receiving end only needs to regard the beam as an interface and does not need to distinguish each element.

[0127] In the embodiments of the present application, the antenna port can also be referred to as a port, and the set corresponding to multiple antenna ports can be referred to as a port group. For example, multiple digital ports of a base station are grouped to form multiple port groups. For another example, a port group can be multiple digital ports corresponding to a same analog beam, which is referred to as a port group or a digital-analog port group; or a port group can be a set of digital ports corresponding to multiple analog beams, which is referred to as a port group or a digital-analog port group. Alternatively, multiple digital ports of a same analog beam are divided into multiple subsets, and each subset is referred to as a port group or a digital-analog port group.

[0128] 5、pilot: which can also be referred to as a reference signal. The pilot involved in the present application includes but is not limited to the following reference signals:

[0129] Demodulation reference signal (DMRS), channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), tracking reference signal (TRS), sounding reference signal (SRS), phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS), positioning reference signal (PRS), sensing reference signal (SeRS), and the like. The pilot in the present application can also be a reference signal capable of being carried in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, in addition to the above-mentioned reference signals, which will not be described here.

[0130] 6. Time division, frequency division, code division;

[0131] Time division refers to that RSs corresponding to different antenna ports occupy different time domain resources (such as different OFDM symbols).

[0132] Frequency division refers to that RSs corresponding to different antenna ports occupy different frequency domain resources (such as different subcarriers).

[0133] Code division refers to that RSs corresponding to different antenna ports occupy the same time-frequency resource, and are distinguished by different code domain resources. For example, 2 antenna ports occupy the same 2 resource elements (REs), and the 2 antenna ports apply orthogonal codes [1, 1] and [1, -1] on the 2 REs to distinguish. The time-frequency resources corresponding to the code division of different antenna ports form a code division multiplexing (CDM) block, which can also be referred to as a CDM group.

[0134] The above description of the terms is only for the convenience of understanding, and does not limit the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0135] In a communication system, higher frequency bands (millimeter waves or even terahertz), wider bandwidth, and larger-scale antenna arrays make high-precision and high-resolution sensing possible, thereby realizing integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) to make communication and sensing functions complementary. The demand for communication is simply to send information from the sending end to the receiving end. The demand for sensing is simply to sense the surrounding environment, the moving speed of an object, or the distance, etc. The most traditional sensing is traditional radar.

[0136] FIG. 5 shows a distribution diagram of a sensing reference signal SeRS (which can be referred to as a sensing signal). As shown in FIG. 5, the horizontal coordinate represents the time domain (for example, an OFDM symbol), and the vertical coordinate represents the frequency domain (for example, a subcarrier). The shaded squares are used for communication and sensing, which can be referred to as a sensing signal, and the blank squares are used for communication, which can be referred to as a data signal. As shown in FIG. 5(a), for the same OFDM symbol, the interval between two adjacent sensing signals is 2 subcarriers, that is, the sensing signals are uniformly distributed; as shown in FIG. 5(b), for the same OFDM symbol, the interval between two adjacent sensing signals can be 2 or 4 subcarriers, that is, the sensing signals are non-uniformly distributed; as shown in FIG. 5(c), for the same OFDM symbol, the interval between two adjacent sensing signals can contain 1 or 4 subcarriers, that is, the sensing signals are variably distributed.

[0137] The demand for communication and radar is often contradictory because communication often pursues higher transmission efficiency, that is, can be understood as extreme spectrum efficiency, while radar pursues high-precision detection of targets and often does not consider the impact of spectrum efficiency. Current research mainly focuses on the configuration of sensing signals corresponding to a single port and does not involve the configuration scheme of sensing signals corresponding to multiple ports, nor does it involve the transmission scheme of sensing signals corresponding to multiple ports.

[0138] Therefore, the present application provides a communication method and device to improve communication performance and sensing performance.

[0139] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the communication system shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the scenario of communication between the sending end and the receiving end, for example, the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the scenario of uplink, downlink, or sidelink communication.

[0140] It should also be understood that the embodiments shown below do not particularly limit the specific structure of the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, as long as the execution subject can communicate according to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application by running the code or program recording the method provided by the embodiments of the present application. For example, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be executed by a first device. In the case where no special description is made, the first device in the present application can refer to the first device itself (for example, a terminal device or a network device), a component in the first device (for example, a communication module, a processor, a circuit, a chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a SoC chip or a SIP chip containing a modem core), or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the first device.

[0141] FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the method includes the following steps. For ease of description, a single base scenario is taken as an example for description below, for example, a network device as a sending end of a sensing signal and a receiving end of a sensing echo signal. For reference, please refer to the scenario shown in (1) of FIG. 4. It can be understood that the technical solutions of the present application are also applicable to other scenarios of FIG. 4, and the implementation manners are similar. For brevity, no further description is given here.

[0142] S610, the first device generates a first signal.

[0143] The first signal includes N sensing signal groups, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. That is, the first signal includes one or more sensing signal groups.

[0144] Optionally, the sensing signal group can be replaced by a sensing signal set. The sensing signal can be replaced by a sensing reference signal, and the sensing signal can be a signal used for sensing measurement.

[0145] Optionally, each sensing signal group includes one or more sensing signals, and the sensing signal includes sensing data and / or a sensing reference signal. That is, the first device can only communicate by itself, that is, the first device transmits DMRS and data; or the first device can only sense by itself, that is, the first device transmits a sensing reference signal; or the first device can communicate and sense at the same time, that is, the first device transmits DMRS, a sensing reference signal and data.

[0146] Optionally, the sensing data can be modulated by Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the sensing reference signal can be modulated by QPSK. QPSK is a four-phase phase modulation, for example, "+45°, -45°, +135°, -135°" on the phase is represented by four phases on the orthogonal axis. QAM is a quadrature amplitude modulation, which combines phase and amplitude modulation, and has higher frequency band utilization. The modulation mode of the sensing signal is not limited in the present application.

[0147] For the self-generated and self-received scenario, for example, (1) of FIG. 4 or (2) of FIG. 4, the first device self-generated and self-received mainly performs pure communication or pure sensing process.

[0148] Optionally, the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and the sensing signal correspond to the same port, which means that the port used for transmitting the DMRS is the same as the port used for transmitting the sensing signal, or in other words, the same port can be used for transmitting the DMRS and the sensing signal. In the present application, without special emphasis, the DMRS port and the sensing signal port can be understood as corresponding to the same port, and the two can be distinguished by the name of the transmitted reference signal, which is DMRS or sensing signal.

[0149] Optionally, the present application does not limit the specific implementation of the first device generating the first signal, and the related description of generating the signal in the related art can be referred to.

[0150] S620, the first device transmits the first signal through the N first ports.

[0151] The N first ports correspond to the N sensing signal groups one by one, and each of the N first ports corresponds to N subcarriers, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0152] Optionally, the N first ports can be ports that are continuously distributed in the frequency domain, for example, N=2, then port 0 and port 1 correspond to subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1.

[0153] The N first ports correspond to N groups of perception signals one by one, that is, one first port corresponds to one group of perception signals, that is, one first port can correspond to one or more perception signals. For example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 7, in the dashed box, port 1 corresponds to subcarrier 9 and subcarrier 11 on symbol 3, that is, the perception signals carried on subcarrier 9 and subcarrier 11 can be regarded as one group of perception signals. Similarly, port 2 also corresponds to subcarrier 9 and subcarrier 11 on symbol 3, which can also be regarded as one group of perception signals.

[0154] Optionally, the N first ports belong to the same CDM group, for example, CDM group 0, and the N first ports are orthogonal to each other; or, the H first ports configured by the network side belong to the same CDM group, for example, CDM group 1, and the H first ports are orthogonal to each other; or, the N first ports belong to a first CDM group, and the H-N first ports belong to a second CDM group, and the N first ports are orthogonal to each other, and the H-N first ports are orthogonal to each other.

[0155] Optionally, one or more perception signals can be regarded as one or more streams of perception data, and each stream of perception data corresponds to one first port, that is, each stream of perception data can be transmitted through a plurality of subcarriers corresponding to one first port. In this implementation, the perception signal is transmitted in the granularity of one first port in one CDM group, so that the first device can multiplex or transmit more perception data on the time-frequency resource, and the perception performance can be improved.

[0156] In this application, the first device can be a perception device for transmitting a perception signal (i.e., a first signal) and / or receiving a return signal (i.e., a second signal). As an example, a CU-CP corresponding to a network device generates a first signal and transmits it to a perception target through a DU and a RU; or a DU corresponding to a network device generates a first signal and transmits it to a perception target through a RU. As another example, in an O-RAN system, an O-CU-CP corresponding to a network device generates a first signal and transmits it to a perception target through an O-DU and an O-RU; or an O-DU corresponding to a network device generates a first signal and transmits it to a perception target through an O-RU.

[0157] S630, the first device receives a second signal through P second ports.

[0158] The P second ports each correspond to N subcarriers, and P is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N. For example, when P is equal to 1, the first device can use a single antenna (or a single port) to receive the second signal when acting as a receiving end, and the second port corresponds to N subcarriers; when P is greater than 1, the first device can use multiple antennas (or multiple ports) to receive the second signal when acting as a receiving end, and the second port corresponds to N subcarriers.

[0159] Optionally, the P second ports can be ports that are continuously distributed in the frequency domain. For example, P = 1 and N = 2, which means that port 0 can correspond to subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1; for another example, P = 2 and N = 2, which means that port 0 and port 1 can both correspond to subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1.

[0160] Optionally, the first port is different from the second port, or the second port is one or more of the first ports.

[0161] That is, the P second ports can be completely different from the N first ports, or there can be some ports that are the same between the P second ports and the N first ports, or the P second ports belong to the N first ports, that is, the P second ports are part or all of the N first ports, which is not limited in the present application. For example, the first device includes N first ports, for example, N = 2, corresponding to port 0 and port 1, and the second port can be port 0 and / or port 1; or the first device includes N+x ports, for example, N = 2, corresponding to port 0 and port 1, and x is greater than or equal to 1, assuming x = 1, corresponding to port 2, the first device can transmit the first signal through port 0 and port 1, and receive the second signal through port 3, that is, the second port is different from the first port.

[0162] It can be understood that the second signal is obtained from the first signal through a wireless channel. In other words, the first signal can be regarded as a sensing signal transmitted by the first device, and the second signal can be regarded as a return signal received by the first device, which is obtained by transmitting the sensing signal through the wireless channel.

[0163] S640, the first device determines a first channel coefficient according to the first signal and the second signal.

[0164] The first channel coefficient is used for channel estimation or sensing, and the specific implementation manner can refer to the related description in the related art, which is not described here.

[0165] Next, the relationship between the first signal, the second signal, and the first channel coefficient will be described by example for the case where the number P of second ports is equal to 1 and the case where P is greater than 1.

[0166] For the case that P is greater than 1, since the application is applicable to a self-perception scene, that is, the sending end and the receiving end are the same device (for example, a network device or a terminal device), for example, the number of first ports and the number of second ports are the same, that is, P=N.

[0167] In the first implementation, when the number of second ports P is equal to 1, it means that the receiving end uses a single receiving antenna to receive the second signal, that is, the receiving end collects signals on multiple subcarriers (frequency points) through a single antenna, and solves the first channel coefficients corresponding to multiple ports of the sending end based on the first signal and the second signal.

[0168] That is, the first signal sent by the first device, the second signal received, and the determined first channel coefficient can satisfy:

[0169] wherein, represents the first signal, represents the second signal, represents the first channel coefficient, k represents the kth subcarrier in the N subcarriers, x i represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the ith first port, i=0, 1, 2, …, N-1, and k is an integer.

[0170] Optionally, the first signal may be replaced by any one of the following:

[0171] (1)

[0172] (2)

[0173] (3) Fourier matrix F, the element of the mth row and the nth column in the Fourier matrix F satisfies: e^(j2πmn / N), wherein m=1, 2, …, N, n=1, 2, …, N;

[0174] (4) orthogonal matrix A, A*A H =I N , wherein A H represents the conjugate transpose of the orthogonal matrix A, I N represents an N-order unit matrix.

[0175] Next, the above expression forms of the first signal are specifically described through the following four schemes.

[0176] Scheme one: the first signal is

[0177] In this scheme, the maximum transmission efficiency is considered, i.e., the maximum effective data that the first device can transmit. That is, each of the N*N elements contained in the first signal is freely selected, i.e., the first device can select from QPSK, 16-QAM, or 64-QAM, etc. In this case, the degree of freedom of the N*N elements is N*N.

[0178] In an example, two ports (e.g., N=2) are taken as an example, i.e., the first device transmits the first signal through 2 ports and receives the second signal through 1 port. Wherein, the first signal is:

[0179] Wherein, k represents the kth subcarrier in the 2 subcarriers, k+1 represents the k+1th subcarrier in the 2 subcarriers, x0(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the 0th port, x1(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the 1th port, x0(k+1) represents the element on the k+1th subcarrier corresponding to the 0th port, x1(k+1) represents the element on the k+1th subcarrier corresponding to the 1th port.

[0180] In another example, three ports (e.g., N=3) are taken as an example, i.e., the first device transmits the first signal through 3 ports and receives the second signal through 1 port. Wherein, the first signal is:

[0181] Wherein, k represents the kth subcarrier in the 3 subcarriers, k+1 represents the k+1th subcarrier in the 3 subcarriers, k+2 represents the k+2th subcarrier in the 3 subcarriers, x0(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the 0th port, x1(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the 1th port, x2(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the 2th port, x0(k+1) represents the element on the k+1th subcarrier corresponding to the 0th port, x1(k+1) represents the element on the k+1th subcarrier corresponding to the 1th port, x2(k+1) represents the element on the k+1th subcarrier corresponding to the 2th port, x0(k+2) represents the element on the k+2th subcarrier corresponding to the 0th port, x1(k+2) represents the element on the k+2th subcarrier corresponding to the 1th port, x2(k+2) represents the element on the k+2th subcarrier corresponding to the 2th port.

[0182] In yet another example, four ports (e.g., N=4) are taken as an example, i.e., the first device transmits the first signal through 4 ports and receives the second signal through 1 port. Wherein, the first signal is:

[0183] Wherein, k represents the kth subcarrier in 4 subcarriers, k+1 represents the k+1th subcarrier in 4 subcarriers, k+2 represents the k+2th subcarrier in 4 subcarriers, k+2 represents the k+3th subcarrier in 4 subcarriers, x0(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the 0th port, x1(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the 1th port, x2(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the 2th port, x3(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the 3th port, x0(k+1) represents the element on the k+1th subcarrier corresponding to the 0th port, x1(k+1) represents the element on the k+1th subcarrier corresponding to the 1th port, and so on, x2(k+3) represents the element on the k+3th subcarrier corresponding to the 2th port, and x3(k+3) represents the element on the k+3th subcarrier corresponding to the 3th port.

[0184] Scheme two: the first signal is

[0185] In this scheme, by reducing a certain amount of transmission data, the frequency division is used to realize the orthogonality of each flow data, so as to reduce the inter-stream interference introduced between each sensing channel and improve the transmission performance. That is, the first signal can be obtained by frequency division on the first signal in formula (1). In this case, only N elements in N*N elements can be freely selected to form a diagonal matrix, that is, the effect of frequency division is realized, and the inverse of the diagonal matrix will not cause the generation of a sick matrix, and the channel estimation will be more accurate and stable. This method is suitable for scenarios with certain requirements for transmission speed.

[0186] In an example, taking two ports (for example, N=2) as an example, the first signal can be:

[0187] That is, it means that the data of 2 ports is placed by frequency division.

[0188] In another example, taking three ports (for example, N=3) as an example, the first signal can be:

[0189] That is, it means that the data of 3 ports is placed by frequency division.

[0190] In yet another example, taking four ports (for example, N=4) as an example, the first signal can be:

[0191] That is, it means that the data of 4 ports is placed by frequency division.

[0192] Scheme three:

[0193] In the scheme, other orthogonal forms are adopted to realize the orthogonality of two-flow data, to avoid the interference between channels by reducing certain data transmission efficiency. That is, the first signal can be obtained by Alamouti encoding the first signal in formula (1), in which case the degrees of freedom of the four elements are 2, that is, x1(k) and x2(k) are points that can be freely selected in the QAM constellation. At this time, the orthogonal matrix formed by the data will be more advantageous when high-order modulation is used, and the frequency domain diversity gain is maximum.

[0194] For example, the first signal is a Fourier matrix F, and the element in the mth row and nth column of the Fourier matrix F satisfies: e^(j2πmn / N), where m=1, 2, …, N, n=1, 2, …, N;

[0195] For another example, the first signal is an orthogonal matrix A, and A*A H =I N , where A H represents the conjugate transpose of the orthogonal matrix A, and I N represents an N-order unit matrix.

[0196] In an example, taking two ports (for example, N=2) as an example, the first signal is:

[0197] In another example, taking four ports (for example, N=4) as an example, the first signal is:

[0198] Scheme four: the first signal is

[0199] By setting an N-element matrix A, where A satisfies: A*A^H or A^H*A results in a diagonal matrix; and / or, A*A^T or A^T*A results in a diagonal matrix, frequency domain diversity gain can be achieved, especially for high-order modulation. Optionally, the diagonal matrix B obtained by A^H*A can be the same as or different from the diagonal matrix B' obtained by A*A^H, and the diagonal matrix C obtained by A*A^T can be the same as or different from the diagonal matrix C' obtained by A^T*A, which is not limited.

[0200] In the scheme, when N=1, the stability of the first signal can be made better, the most stable transmission performance is achieved, and the transmission efficiency is the lowest, the complexity of channel estimation is reduced, and the sensing performance is improved. That is, for the free selection of 4 elements, first fix a numerical scalar, and then expand the data to 2 ports*2 subcarriers through the form of an orthogonal matrix. The numerical stability of this method is optimal, and its channel estimation performance is not affected by the specific value of x1(k). However, the transmission efficiency of this scheme is the lowest, that is, only one element is transmitted on "4 resources", and the complexity is low.

[0201] In an example, taking two ports (for example, N=2) as an example, the first signal is:

[0202] In another example, taking three ports (for example, N=3) as an example, the first signal is:

[0203] In yet another example, taking four ports (for example, N=4) as an example, the first signal is:

[0204] It can be understood that the above schemes one to four are examples given for ease of understanding, and the application does not exclude other possible implementation manners.

[0205] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transmission scheme of a sensing signal for two ports (for example, N=2) provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0206] As shown in (a) of FIG. 7, the horizontal coordinate represents the time domain (for example, 8 OFDM symbols), and the vertical coordinate represents the frequency domain (for example, one RB 0 including 12 subcarriers). (a) of FIG. 7 includes two ports, for example, port 1 and port 2. Optionally, port 1 and port 2 can belong to the same CDM group. As known from the above, the four elements in the first signal can correspond to the four shaded squares in the dashed box in the figure, that is, the first device transmits the first signal on subcarrier 11 and subcarrier 9 through port 1 and port 2 on symbol 3.

[0207] As shown in (b) of FIG. 7, the horizontal coordinate represents the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and the vertical coordinate represents the mean-square error (MSE). Based on (a) of FIG. 7, when the first signal adopts QPSK modulation, the performance corresponding to scheme one is the worst, the performances corresponding to schemes two, three and four are equal, and are better than that of scheme one.

[0208] Figure 8 is a transmission scheme of the sensing signal for three ports (e.g. N=3) or four ports (e.g. N=4) according to an embodiment of the present application, the horizontal axis represents the time domain (e.g. 8 OFDM symbols), and the vertical axis represents the frequency domain (e.g. one RB 0 including 12 subcarriers). Figure 8(a) includes three ports, e.g. port 1, port 2 and port 3. Optionally, the port 1, port 2 and port 3 can belong to the same CDM group. As can be seen from the above, the 9 elements in the first signal can correspond to the 9 shaded squares in the dashed box in the figure, i.e. the first device transmits the first signal on the subcarrier 3, subcarrier 5 and subcarrier 7 through the port 1, port 2 and port 3 on the symbol 3. Figure 8(b) includes four ports, e.g. port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4. Optionally, the port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4 can belong to the same CDM group. As can be seen from the above, the 16 elements in the first signal can correspond to the 16 shaded squares in the dashed box in the figure, i.e. the first device transmits the first signal on the subcarrier 1, subcarrier 3, subcarrier 5 and subcarrier 7 through the port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4 on the symbol 3.

[0209] It can be understood that the time-frequency resources carried by the first signal shown in the above figures 7 and 8 are only examples given for ease of understanding, and other schemes are not excluded.

[0210] For the above scheme one, the N*N elements included in the first signal are all different, and the matrix corresponding to the first signal will most probably cause matrix ill-conditioning (i.e. if the above N*N elements are all equal or equal to each other, the matrix cannot be inverted, which further leads to the inability to estimate the channel). In order to avoid the occurrence of the above situation, when the first device calculates that the matrix composed of the modulated data is ill-conditioned, the following special processing can be taken: i.e. "zeroing" any element in N*N, i.e. the corresponding port does not transmit the sensing signal group on the subcarrier.

[0211] Optionally, the method further includes: the first device zeroing a first element in the N*N elements included in the first signal, wherein the first element is one of the N*N elements.

[0212] In an example, taking two ports (e.g. N=2) as an example, i.e. the first device transmits the first signal through 2 ports and receives the second signal through 1 port. At this time, the first signal can be any of the following:

[0213] Or,

[0214] Or,

[0215] Or,

[0216] Optionally, the method further comprises: the first device performing power boosting on the other N*(N-1) elements in the N*N elements except the first element, for example, performing power boosting by 1 / N*(N-1). The specific implementation manner can refer to the related description of the following FIG. 9, which is not described here.

[0217] In an example, taking two ports (for example, N=2) as an example, in the case of "zeroing", the power of the zeroed subcarrier can be allocated to the other 3 non-0 subcarriers to perform power amplification or boosting by 1 / 3, which not only can improve the sensing RMSE performance, but also can make the sensing signal group equally spaced in the frequency domain, reducing the sensing complexity.

[0218] In a second implementation manner, when the number P of the second ports is greater than 1, it indicates that the receiving end uses multiple receiving antennas to receive the second signal, that is, the receiving end collects signals on multiple subcarriers (frequency points) through multiple antennas, and solves the first channel coefficients corresponding to multiple ports of the transmitting end based on the first signal and the second signal. For example, P=N, which indicates that the transmitting end and the receiving end have the same number of ports.

[0219] That is, the first signal sent by the first device, the second signal received, and the determined first channel coefficient can satisfy:

[0220] Wherein, represents the first signal, represents the second signal, represents the first channel coefficient, and k represents the kth subcarrier in the N subcarriers, x i (k) represents an element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the ith first port, y i (k) represents an element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the ith second port, represents the channel coefficient between the 0th first port and the ith second port, and k is a positive integer.

[0221] Specifically, the second signal received by the receiving end through the receiving antenna 0 satisfies:

[0222] Similarly, the second signal received by the receiving end through the receiving antenna i satisfies:

[0223] Optionally, for the network side configured multiple first ports, the first device can only use part of the multiple first ports when transmitting the first signal, i.e., there is a case that one or more first ports are not used. The processing scheme of the time-frequency resource corresponding to the one or more first ports not used will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 9.

[0224] In an implementation manner, the method comprises: the first device acquires first information, the first information being used to indicate H first ports, the H first ports comprising the N first ports, each of the H first ports corresponding to N subcarriers, and H being an integer greater than or equal to N; and repeating transmission of one of the N groups of sensing signals on the subcarriers corresponding to the third port, or performing power boosting on the N groups of sensing signals, wherein the third port is at least one of the other H-N first ports in addition to the N first ports in the H first ports.

[0225] That is, for the configured H first ports, there can be a case that one or more ports (for example, H-N) are not used, and the first device can process the time-frequency resource corresponding to the not used ports, including repeating transmission of one or more groups of sensing signals in the first signal, or transmitting other signals, or not being used for signal transmission (or empty subcarriers), etc. The other signals are different from the N groups of sensing signals, and the type or form of the other signals is not limited in the application, for example, at least one of sensing data, sensing reference signal, pilot signal, data signal, or control signal.

[0226] In an example, the power boosting on the N groups of sensing signals comprises: the first device performs power boosting on the N groups of sensing signals according to at least one of the following information; wherein the at least one information comprises: the subcarriers corresponding to at least one of the H-N first ports, the subcarriers corresponding to at least one of the H first ports, or the N first port group.

[0227] That is, according to the number of subcarriers occupied by the first signal, the number of not used subcarriers, and at least one of the H first ports, the power boosting on the N groups of sensing signals can be implemented, which can specifically include whether to perform power boosting on the subcarriers where the sensing signal groups are located, and the power boosting value. For example, assuming that there are 4 subcarriers, 3 of which are used to transmit sensing signals, and the other subcarrier (empty subcarrier) is not used, the first device can allocate the power of the empty subcarrier to the other 3 used subcarriers, and perform 1 / 3 power amplification (or boosting).

[0228] Optionally, before the first device processes the H-N first ports, the network side can further indicate whether to schedule data on the subcarriers corresponding to the H-N first ports, and / or schedule what data. The method further includes: the first device receiving indication information from the network side, wherein the indication information is used to indicate that the subcarriers corresponding to the H-N first ports are used for repeating transmission of one or more of the N groups of sensing signals, or the indication information is used to indicate that the N groups of sensing signals are power boosted, and implicitly indicates that the subcarriers corresponding to the H-N first ports are not used (or empty subcarriers); or the indication information is used to indicate transmission of other signals. The number and / or type of the other signals are not limited in the present application.

[0229] Optionally, the indication information can be DCI signaling or RRC signaling, and can be carried on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH).

[0230] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a processing scheme of unused ports according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9, the horizontal axis represents the time domain (for example, 4 OFDM symbols), and the vertical axis represents the frequency domain (for example, one RB 0 including 12 subcarriers). Taking 4 ports as an example, FIG. 12 includes DMRS port 0, DMRS port 1, DMRS port 2, and DMRS port 3. Among them, DMRS port 0 and DMRS port 1 belong to CDM group 1 and occupy the same subcarriers, such as subcarriers 1, 3, 5, …, 9, and 11. DMRS port 2 and DMRS port 3 belong to CDM group 2 and occupy the same subcarriers, such as subcarriers 0, 2, 4, …, 8, and 10. In addition, the shaded square on symbol 0 corresponds to the time-frequency resource used for transmitting DMRS, and the subcarriers corresponding to CDM group 1 on symbol 3 are used for transmitting sensing signal #1.

[0231] As shown in (a) of FIG. 9, for the empty subcarriers, such as one or more of the subcarriers corresponding to CDM group 2 on symbol 3, the sensing signal #1 can be repeatedly transmitted to improve the robustness and stability of the sensing signal.

[0232] As shown in (b) of FIG. 9, for the empty subcarriers, such as one or more of the subcarriers corresponding to CDM group 2 on symbol 3, the power on the empty subcarriers can be allocated to the subcarriers corresponding to CDM group 1 on symbol 3 for power boosting, which can improve the sensing RMSE performance and enable the sensing signals to be transmitted at equal intervals in the frequency domain, equivalent to repetition, thereby reducing the sensing complexity.

[0233] As shown in (c) of FIG. 9, for the null subcarriers, such as one or more of the subcarriers corresponding to CDM group 2 on symbol 3, other signal or data symbols can be transmitted, such as represented using horizontal and vertical hatchings, to improve system throughput.

[0234] Table 1 shows an example of the power offset values corresponding to the sensing signals when the power of one or more of the N sensing signal groups is boosted.

[0235] Table 1

[0236] For different numbers of sensing signal groups and different sensing signal configuration types, the power boosting values (or power offset values) of the subcarriers where the sensing signals are located are shown in Table 1. For example, when the number of sensing signal groups is 1, the power offset values corresponding to sensing signal configuration type 1 and sensing signal configuration type 2 are both 0 dB, i.e., the power remains unchanged; when the number of sensing signal groups is 2, the power offset values corresponding to sensing signal configuration type 1 and sensing signal configuration type 2 are both -3 dB, i.e., the power is reduced by 3 dB; when the number of sensing signal groups is 3, the power offset value corresponding to sensing signal configuration type 2 is -4.77 dB, i.e., the power is reduced by -4.77 dB.

[0237] The above Table 1 is only an example given for ease of understanding, and other schemes and other forms of expression are not excluded.

[0238] Optionally, the first device can transmit the first signal in a frequency hopping manner to obtain more frequency diversity gain and improve sensing / channel estimation accuracy.

[0239] In an implementation manner, the first device obtains second information, the second information including a first offset value, the first offset value being used to indicate a frequency offset value between a first subcarrier corresponding to a first time unit and a second subcarrier corresponding to a second time unit, the first time unit and the second time unit being adjacent time units. Further, the first signal is transmitted through N ports, including: the first signal is transmitted on the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier through the N ports; and the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier both belong to the N subcarriers.

[0240] That is, for adjacent time units, such as symbol 0 and symbol 1, or time slot 1 and time slot 2, the first device can transmit sensing data on different subcarriers to implement frequency hopping transmission.

[0241] In this application, the first offset value is for the granularity of subcarriers, that is, the first offset value can be used to indicate the offset between subcarriers. Alternatively, the first offset value can be predefined or preconfigured, for example, +2, indicating moving up 2 subcarriers in the frequency domain; or -3, indicating moving down 3 subcarriers in the frequency domain. This application does not limit this.

[0242] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a frequency hopping scheme provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in Figure 10, the abscissa represents the time domain (for example, 4 OFDM symbols), and the ordinate represents the frequency domain (for example, one RB 0, including 12 subcarriers). Taking 4 ports as an example, including DMRS port 0, DMRS port 1, DMRS port 2 and DMRS port 3. Among them, DMRS port 0 and DMRS port 1 belong to CDM group 0, occupying the same subcarriers, such as subcarriers 1, 3, 5, …, 9, 11, and DMRS port 2 and DMRS port 3 belong to CDM group 1, occupying the same subcarriers, such as subcarriers 0, 2, 4, …, 8, 10, and the shaded squares on symbol 0 correspond to the time-frequency resources used for transmitting DMRS. As can be seen from the left figure, the first device can transmit the first signal on the time-frequency resources corresponding to the shaded squares on symbol 2 and symbol 3, that is, on subcarriers 1, 3, 5, …, 9, 11 on symbol 2 and symbol 3. In other words, the first device can transmit the first signal on CDM group 0, that is, port 0 and port 1 are code division orthogonal. After frequency hopping (such as the dashed box), as can be seen from the right figure, the first device can transmit the first signal on the time-frequency resources corresponding to the shaded squares on symbol 2 and symbol 3. That is, 4 ports use adjacent OFDM symbols to hop. Alternatively, after frequency hopping, there are some empty subcarriers on symbol 2 and symbol 3, for example, subcarriers 9, 5 and 1 on symbol 2, and subcarriers 11, 7 and 3 on symbol 3. The power on these empty subcarriers can be allocated to other non-empty subcarriers for power boosting or amplification, which can not only improve the sensing RMSE performance, but also make the sensing signal equally spaced in the frequency domain, reducing the sensing complexity.

[0243] This implementation hops on two consecutive interval REs (including one symbol and one subcarrier), the granularity of frequency hopping is small, in addition, the introduction of empty subcarriers can improve the communication performance, and through power boosting (for example, discarding 1 sensing data, the power is increased by 1 times), the sensing performance is guaranteed as much as possible.

[0244] Based on the above scheme, by designing the first signal, for example, frequency division processing or orthogonal processing is performed on the first signal, the stability of transmitting the first signal is ensured, the diversity gain in the frequency domain is improved, and the complexity of channel estimation is reduced, and then the first device can calculate more accurate and stable first channel coefficients by using the transmitted first signal and the received second signal, which are used for sensing or channel estimation, so as to improve the system sensing performance and communication performance.

[0245] It should be understood that the size of the sequence number of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined according to its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0246] It should also be understood that the present application will present various aspects, embodiments or features around a system that can include a plurality of devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that each system can include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or can not include all of the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In addition, combinations of these schemes can also be used.

[0247] It should also be understood that in some embodiments described above, devices in existing network architecture are mainly exemplified (for example, the first device), and it should be understood that the specific form of the device is not limited by the embodiments of the present application. For example, devices that can achieve the same function in the future are also applicable to the embodiments of the present application.

[0248] It can be understood that in each of the above method embodiments, the method and operation implemented by the device (for example, the first device) can also be implemented by a component (for example, a chip or a circuit) of the device.

[0249] The above, in combination with FIG. 1 to FIG. 10, details the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. The above communication method is mainly introduced from the perspective of self-transmission and self-reception of the first device. It can be understood that the first device contains the corresponding hardware structure and / or software module for executing each function in order to realize the above functions.

[0250] Those skilled in the art should realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is realized in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0251] The communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with FIG. 11 to FIG. 14. The description of the apparatus embodiments corresponds to the description of the method embodiments, and thus, the content not described in detail can be referred to the method embodiments above, and part of the content will not be described again for the sake of brevity.

[0252] The embodiments of the present application can divide the functional modules of the communication apparatus according to the method examples above, for example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated in one processing module. The integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware, or in the form of software functional module, or in the combination of software and hardware. The division of the modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and another division manner can be used in actual implementation. The following will be described taking the example of dividing each functional module according to each function.

[0253] FIG. 11 is an exemplary block diagram of the communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, the communication apparatus 1000 can include a chip system 1100, a memory 1200, a bus 1300, a power management module 1400, or a transceiver 1500, etc.

[0254] The chip system 1100 can be an integrated circuit chip, and has the processing capability of signals. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of hardware or the instruction in the form of software in the chip system 1100.

[0255] By way of example, and without limitation, the chip system 1100 can include a circuit or chip responsible for signal processing (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system on chip SoC chip or SIP chip containing a modem core).

[0256] Optionally, the chip system 1100 can also be provided with a memory (such as a cache) for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the chip system 1100 is a cache memory. The memory can save instructions or data that have just been used or recycled by the chip system 1100. If the chip system 1100 needs to use the instructions or data again, it can be directly called from the memory. This avoids repeated access and reduces the waiting time of the chip system 1100, thereby improving the efficiency of the system.

[0257] In some embodiments, the chip system 1100 can include one or more interfaces. The interfaces can include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc.

[0258] The memory 1200 can include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1200 can store computer-readable computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform various functions described herein.

[0259] Optionally, the code can include instructions for implementing aspects of the present application embodiments, including instructions for supporting the generation of a perception signal or resolving a perception signal. The code can be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code can not be directly executable by the chip system 1100 but can cause a computer (for example, when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1200 can include, among other things, a basic I / O system, which can control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0260] Illustratively, the chip system 1100 performs various functional applications and data processing of the communication device 1000 by running instructions stored in the memory 1200. For example, when the communication device 1000 performs file transfer with other devices (e.g., terminal devices, or network devices, or core network devices), the chip system 1100 of the communication device 1000 can invoke computer-executable program code stored in the memory 1200 to implement the data and / or signaling transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0261] Optionally, the memory 1200 can be integrated in the above-mentioned chip system 1100, or independent of the chip system 1100.

[0262] The bus 1300 can be a USB, used to support the mutual communication between the various parts in the communication device 1000.

[0263] The power management module 1400 is used to receive charging input from a charger. Optionally, the power management module 1400 can supply power to the communication device 1000 (e.g., the battery module of the communication device 1000) while charging the communication device 1000. As an example but not limitation, the power management module 1400 can also supply power to devices other than the communication device 1000.

[0264] The transceiver 1500 can communicate bi-directionally with one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, for example, the transceiver 1500 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1500 can also include a modem to modulate the packets and to provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas. Where the transceiver 1500 can include a receiver and a transmitter, the receiver can implement the functionality to receive information, and the transmitter can implement the functionality to transmit information.

[0265] In some cases, a wireless device can include a single antenna. However, in some cases the device can have more than one antenna, like the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 shown in FIG. 11, which can be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Illustratively, the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 are used to emit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in the communication device 1000 can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be multiplexed to improve the utilization of the antennas. For example: the antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network. In some other embodiments, the antennas can be used in combination with a tuning switch. The communication device 1000 can transmit files to other devices through a wireless communication function.

[0266] In one design, the communication device 1000 can correspond to the first device in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0267] The device 1000 can implement the steps or processes performed by the first device corresponding to the above-mentioned method embodiments, wherein the transceiver 1500 can be used to perform the transceiver-related operations of the first device in the above-mentioned method embodiments; the chip system 1100 can be used to perform the processing-related operations of the first device in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0268] Under this design, the communication device 1000 can include modules such as a short-range communication module 1640, a sensor 1610, a display 1620, or a camera 1630 as shown in FIG. 11.

[0269] The short-range communication module 1640 can include a wireless network (WI-FI, or WIFI), or a module supporting short-range communication such as Bluetooth.

[0270] The sensor 1610 can include a pressure sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a distance sensor, a proximity light sensor, a fingerprint sensor, a temperature sensor, a touch sensor, an ambient light sensor, a bone conduction sensor, and the like.

[0271] The display 1620 is used to display images, videos, and the like. The display includes a display panel. The display panel can adopt a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), a Miniled, a MicroLed, a Micro-oLed, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED), and the like. For example, in the embodiments of the present application, the display can be used to display the interface required to be displayed by the communication device 1000. Exemplarily, the communication device 1000 realizes the display function through a graphic processing unit (GPU), a display, and an application processor, and the like. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, connected to the display and the application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. The chip system 1100 can include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or change display information.

[0272] The camera 1630 is used to acquire images, videos, and the like.

[0273] It can be understood that the structure shown in FIG. 11 does not constitute a specific limitation on the communication apparatus 1000, and the specific structure of the terminal device and / or the network device can refer to that shown in FIG. 11. In some embodiments, the communication apparatus 1000 can also include more or fewer components than those shown in FIG. 11, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or different component arrangements, etc. Alternatively, some components shown in FIG. 11 can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware, and the terminal device and / or the network device can add or reduce components on the basis of the structure given in FIG. 11.

[0274] FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 12, the communication apparatus 2000 can include a baseband unit 2100, which can communicate with external devices through a cellular radio frequency (RF) transceiver 2200 (for example, when the communication apparatus 2000 is a terminal device, the baseband unit 2100 can communicate with network devices through the cellular RF transceiver 2200; for another example, when the communication apparatus 2000 is a network device, the baseband unit 2100 can communicate with terminal devices and / or core network devices through the cellular RF transceiver 2200).

[0275] The baseband unit 2100 can include a computer readable medium / memory. The baseband unit 2100 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the baseband unit 2100, causes the baseband unit 2100 to perform the various functions described supra. The computer readable medium / memory can also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the baseband unit 2100 when executing software.

[0276] The baseband unit 2100 further includes a reception unit 2010, a management unit 2020, and a transmission unit 2030. The management unit 2020 includes one or more sub-units shown in FIG. 12 (for example, a signal generation sub-unit and a signal analysis sub-unit, wherein the signal generation sub-unit can be used for the generation of the perception signal in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and the signal analysis sub-unit can be used for the analysis of the perception signal in the above-mentioned method embodiments). The units in the management unit 2020 can be stored in the computer readable medium / memory and / or configured as hardware in the baseband unit 2100. Among them, the reception unit 2010 and the transmission unit 2030 can be called a transceiver unit, and the management unit 2020 can also be called a processing unit.

[0277] The transceiver unit can also be referred to as an input / output circuit, an input / output interface, a communication unit, a communication interface, a communication module, a transceiver module, a transceiver circuit, or an interface unit, etc. Among them, the sending unit can also be referred to as an output unit, and the receiving unit can also be referred to as an input unit. The processing unit can read instructions and / or data in the memory to enable the communication device to implement the foregoing method embodiments.

[0278] When the communication device 2000 is used to implement the functions of the first device in the above-mentioned method embodiments, the receiving unit 2010 is configured to perform the receiving steps of the first device, the sending unit 2030 is configured to perform the sending steps of the first device, and the management unit 2020 is configured to perform the processing steps of the first device.

[0279] For example, when the device 2000 is used to perform the method in FIG. 6, the receiving unit 2010 can be configured to perform the step of receiving information in the method; the management unit 2020 can be configured to perform the processing steps in the method; and the sending unit 2030 can be configured to perform the step of sending information in the method.

[0280] For more detailed descriptions of the receiving unit 2010, the management unit 2020, and the sending unit 2030, please refer to the related descriptions in the above-mentioned method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0281] FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a chip system 3000 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The chip system may, for example, include but is not limited to a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or a system in package (SIP) chip containing a modem core.

[0282] As shown in FIG. 13, the chip system (or also referred to as a processing system) includes a processor 3100, a memory 3200, and an input / output interface 3300.

[0283] The processor 3100 can be a processing circuit in the chip system (including at least one processor, such as the processor 1 and the processor 2 shown in FIG. 13, etc.). The processor 3100 can be coupled to the memory 3200 or separately arranged, configured to invoke instructions in the memory 3200 or read data stored in the memory 3200, so that the chip system can implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of the present application. The input / output interface 3300 can be a communication interface or an input / output circuit in the chip system, configured to output the processed information of the chip system or input the data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system for processing.

[0284] The memory 3200 is optional and can be an external memory or built-in the processor.

[0285] As a scheme, the chip system is configured to implement operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments.

[0286] For example, the processor 3100 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, which can be referred to the foregoing descriptions in the embodiments; the input / output interface 3300 is configured to implement sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, which can be referred to the foregoing descriptions in the embodiments.

[0287] FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of another chip system 4000 provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 14, the chip system (or also can be referred to as a processing system) includes an input / output interface 4100 and a logic circuit 4200. The input / output interface 4100 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system, which outputs information processed by the chip system or inputs data or signaling information to be processed by the chip system, which can be referred to the foregoing descriptions in the embodiments; the logic circuit 4200 is configured to implement the communication method described above, which can be referred to the foregoing descriptions in the embodiments.

[0288] As a scheme, the chip system is configured to implement operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments.

[0289] For example, the logic circuit 4200 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments; the input / output interface 4100 is configured to implement sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments.

[0290] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer readable storage medium, which has stored thereon a computer program or instructions for implementing the method performed by the first device in the above method embodiments.

[0291] For example, the computer program or instructions are executed by a computer, so that the computer can implement the method performed by the first device in the above method embodiments.

[0292] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, which contains a computer program or instructions, which are executed by a computer to implement the method performed by the first device in the above method embodiments.

[0293] The embodiments of the present application further provide a communication system, which includes at least one of the first devices described above.

[0294] The explanations and beneficial effects of the related contents in any of the above devices can be referred to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, which will not be described herein again.

[0295] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0296] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working processes of the above-described system, device and unit can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0297] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are only schematic, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0298] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0299] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically independently, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0300] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the parts that contribute to the prior art or parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0301] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Generate a first signal, which includes N groups of sensing signals, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The first signal is transmitted through N first ports, each of which corresponds to one of the N sensing signal groups, and each of the N first ports corresponds to N subcarriers; The second signal is received through P second ports, and the second signal is obtained from the first signal through a wireless channel. Each of the P second ports corresponds to N subcarriers, where P is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N. A first channel coefficient is determined based on the first signal and the second signal, and the first channel coefficient is used for channel estimation or sensing.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first port is different from the second port, or the second port is one or more of the first ports.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the number P of the second ports is equal to 1, in, This indicates the first signal. This indicates the second signal. Let x represent the first channel coefficient, where k represents the k-th subcarrier among the N subcarriers. i (k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the i-th first port, i = 0, 1, 2, ..., N-1, and k is a positive integer.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first element among the N*N elements contained in the first signal is set to zero, wherein the first element is one of the N*N elements.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Power enhancement is performed on the N*(N-1) elements other than the first element among the N*N elements.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The For any of the following: or, or, A Fourier matrix, wherein the elements in the m-th row and n-th column satisfy: e^(j2πmn / N), where m = 1, 2, ..., N, n = 1, 2, ..., N; or, Orthogonal matrix A, A*A H =I N , where A H I represents the conjugate transpose of the orthogonal matrix A. N This represents an N-order identity matrix.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, When the number P of the second ports is greater than 1, in, This indicates the first signal. This indicates the second signal. Let x represent the first channel coefficient, where k represents the k-th subcarrier among the N subcarriers. i (k) represents the element on the k-th subcarrier corresponding to the i-th first end, y i (k) represents the element on the k-th subcarrier corresponding to the i-th second port. Let represent the channel coefficient between the 0th first port and the i-th second port, where i = 1, 2, ..., N, and k is a positive integer.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain first information, which is used to indicate H first ports, the H first ports including the N first ports, each of the H first ports corresponding to N subcarriers, where H is an integer greater than or equal to N; One of the N sensing signal groups is repeatedly transmitted on the subcarrier corresponding to the third port, or the power of the N sensing signal groups is boosted. The third port is at least one of the HN first ports other than the N first ports.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The N first ports belong to the same Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group; or... The H first ports belong to the same CDM group; or... The N first ports belong to the first CDM group, and the HN first ports belong to the second CDM group.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain second information, the second information including a first offset value, the first offset value being used to indicate the frequency offset value between the first subcarrier corresponding to the first time unit and the second subcarrier corresponding to the second time unit, the first time unit and the second time unit being adjacent time units; The step of sending the first signal through N first ports includes: The first signal is transmitted on the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier through the N first ports; Wherein, both the first subcarrier and the second subcarrier belong to the N subcarriers.

11. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes modules or units for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes at least one processor for executing a computer program or instructions to cause the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 to be performed.

13. The communication device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a memory for storing the computer program or instructions; and / or, The communication device further includes a communication interface coupled to the at least one processor, the communication interface being used for inputting and / or outputting information.

14. The communication device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The communication device is a chip or chip system.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 to be performed.

16. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 to be performed.

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