Multi-port connector and power generation system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a multi-port connector and a power generation system. The multi-port connector comprises at least two input ends, a power adjustment circuit, and an output end, the at least two input ends of the multi-port connector being connected to at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the multi-port connector being connected to an inverter circuit; each photovoltaic string comprises at least two photovoltaic substrings, and each photovoltaic substring comprises at least one power generation unit connected in series; and in the at least two photovoltaic strings, photovoltaic substrings having output voltages within a preset voltage range are connected in parallel, so as to obtain at least two target strings. The power adjustment circuit comprises at least one voltage conversion module, and the at least one voltage conversion module is configured to perform voltage conversion on an output voltage of a string to be processed, so that output voltages of the at least two target strings are both within a target voltage range.

Description

Multi-pass connector and power generation system

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] The present disclosure is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202421550515.4, filed on July 2, 2024, entitled “Multi-pass connector and power generation system”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular, to a multi-pass connector and a power generation system. BACKGROUND

[0004] At present, among numerous renewable energy sources, photovoltaic energy has received widespread attention due to its non-polluting and inexhaustible characteristics, and various new photovoltaic cells with different structures have emerged, such as gallium arsenide (GaAs) photovoltaic cells, amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells, and crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked cells.

[0005] The crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked cell is composed of multiple layers and can utilize sunlight of multiple wavebands. However, due to different power generation conditions of different cell layers, there is a problem of electrical parameter mismatch in the output current and voltage of different cell layers, resulting in a loss of output electrical energy. SUMMARY

[0006] The present disclosure mainly provides a multi-pass connector and a power generation system, which can integrate a power adjustment circuit into the multi-pass connector, not only widening the application range of the multi-pass connector, but also solving the problem of parameter mismatch between different target groups, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and electrical energy output of the photovoltaic group.

[0007] The technical solution of the present disclosure is implemented as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a multi-pass connector, which includes at least two input ends, a power adjustment circuit, and an output end. The at least two input ends of the multi-pass connector are connected to at least two photovoltaic groups, and the output end of the multi-pass connector is connected to an inverter circuit.

[0009] The photovoltaic group includes at least two photovoltaic subgroups, and each photovoltaic subgroup includes at least one series-connected power generation unit. The photovoltaic subgroups with output voltages within a preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic groups are connected in parallel to obtain at least two target groups. In the at least two target groups:

[0010] The power adjustment circuit comprises at least one voltage conversion module, and the at least one voltage conversion module is configured to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the to-be-processed group string, so that the output voltages of the at least two target group strings are all within the target voltage range; wherein the to-be-processed group string is one or more target group strings whose output voltages are outside the target voltage range in the at least two target group strings.

[0011] By means of the above technical means, the power adjustment circuit comprising the voltage conversion module is arranged in the multi-pass connector. By integrating the power adjustment circuit in the multi-pass connector, the application range of the multi-pass connector is widened, and the output voltage of the target group string whose output voltage is outside the target voltage range in the photovoltaic group string can be converted, so that the output voltages of different target group strings in the photovoltaic group string are consistent, thereby enabling all target group strings to be uniformly output, solving the problem of parameter mismatch between different target group strings, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and power output of the photovoltaic group string.

[0012] In some embodiments, the multi-pass connector further comprises at least two current-combining components, and the current-combining components are configured to connect the photovoltaic sub-strings whose output voltages are within a preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic group strings in parallel; wherein: the input ends of the current-combining components are connected with the photovoltaic sub-strings whose output voltages are within the preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic group strings, respectively, and the output ends of the current-combining components are connected with the input ends of the power adjustment circuit.

[0013] By means of the above technical means, the multi-pass connector further comprises at least one current-combining component, and each current-combining component can connect the photovoltaic sub-strings whose output voltages are within a preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic group strings in parallel, so that the number of photovoltaic group strings can be increased arbitrarily, thereby increasing the output power.

[0014] In some embodiments, the at least two current-combining components comprise a first current-combining component and a second current-combining component, wherein: the first current-combining component is configured to connect the photovoltaic sub-strings whose output voltages are within a first preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic group strings in parallel; and the second current-combining component is configured to connect the photovoltaic sub-strings whose output voltages are within a second preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic group strings in parallel.

[0015] By means of the above technical means, the multi-pass connector comprises a first current-combining component and a second current-combining component, which connect the photovoltaic sub-strings within a first preset voltage range and a second preset voltage range in parallel, respectively, so that the number of photovoltaic group strings can be increased arbitrarily, thereby increasing the output power.

[0016] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic strings include first photovoltaic sub-strings and second photovoltaic sub-strings, the first photovoltaic sub-strings include at least one first power generation unit connected in series, the second photovoltaic sub-strings include at least one second power generation unit connected in series, and the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit have different band gaps; wherein: the input end of the first current collection component is connected with the first photovoltaic sub-strings in the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the first current collection component is connected with the input end of the inverter circuit; the input end of the second current collection component is connected with the second photovoltaic sub-strings in the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the second current collection component is connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0017] Through the above technical means, the output voltages of the first photovoltaic strings are collected through the first current collection component, the output voltages of the second photovoltaic strings are collected through the second current collection component, and then input to the power adjustment circuit for voltage conversion, so that the power adjustment circuit can adjust the output voltages of the multiple photovoltaic strings, and the mismatching problem between different photovoltaic sub-strings in the at least two photovoltaic strings can be solved.

[0018] In some embodiments, the at least one voltage conversion module includes a first voltage conversion module, wherein: the output end of the first current collection component is connected with the input end of the first voltage conversion module, the output end of the second current collection component is connected with the output end of the first voltage conversion module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is further connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0019] Through the above technical means, by connecting the output end of the first current collection component with the first voltage conversion module, the output voltage of the to-be-processed string can be converted, so that the output voltages of the at least two target strings are within the target voltage range, thereby solving the mismatching problem between the output voltages of different target strings and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic string.

[0020] In some embodiments, the multi-way connector further includes a first switch module, wherein: the output end of the second current collection component is connected with the input end of the first switch module, the output end of the first voltage conversion module is connected with the output end of the first switch module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is further connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0021] Through the above technical means, the output end of the second current collection component is connected with the first switch module, and by controlling the conduction and shutdown of the first switch module, the intelligent shutdown and anti-reverse function of the target string of at least one second photovoltaic string in the at least two photovoltaic strings connected in parallel through the second current collection component can be realized.

[0022] In some embodiments, the at least one voltage conversion module comprises a second voltage conversion module, wherein: the output end of the second bus assembly is connected to the input end of the second voltage conversion module, the output end of the first bus assembly is connected to the output end of the second voltage conversion module, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module is further connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0023] By the above technical means, by connecting the output end of the second bus assembly to the second voltage conversion module, the output voltage of the target group string after the at least one second photovoltaic group string is connected in parallel through the second bus assembly and the output voltage of the target group string after the at least one first photovoltaic group string is connected in parallel through the first bus assembly can be adjusted to be within the target voltage range, so that the output voltages of the at least two target group strings can be connected in parallel, the problem of mismatching of the output voltages of different target group strings is solved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic group string are improved.

[0024] In some embodiments, the multi-pass connector further comprises a second switch module, wherein: the output end of the first bus assembly is connected to the input end of the second switch module, the output end of the second voltage conversion module is connected to the output end of the second switch module, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module is further connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0025] By the above technical means, by connecting the output end of the second bus assembly to the second switch module, the intelligent shutdown and anti-reverse function of the target group string after at least one first photovoltaic group string in the at least two photovoltaic group strings is connected in parallel through the first bus assembly can be realized by controlling the conduction and shutdown of the second switch module.

[0026] In some embodiments, the at least one voltage conversion module comprises a first voltage conversion module and a second voltage conversion module, wherein: the output end of the first bus assembly is connected to the input end of the first voltage conversion module, the output end of the second bus assembly is connected to the input end of the second voltage conversion module, the output end of the first voltage conversion module is connected to the output end of the second voltage conversion module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is further connected to the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0027] By the above technical means, by connecting the output end of the first bus assembly to the first voltage conversion module and the output end of the second bus assembly to the second voltage conversion module, the output voltage of the target group string after at least one second photovoltaic group string is connected in parallel through the second bus assembly and the output voltage of the target group string after at least one first photovoltaic group string is connected in parallel through the first bus assembly can be adjusted to be within the target voltage range, so that the output voltages of the at least two target group strings can be connected in parallel, the problem of mismatching of the output voltages of different target group strings is solved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic group string are improved.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first voltage conversion module comprises a first switch tube, a first diode, a first inductor and a first capacitor, wherein: the positive output end of the first bus assembly is connected with a first end of the first switch tube, a second end of the first switch tube is connected with a first end of the first diode and a first end of the first inductor respectively, a second end of the first inductor is connected with a first end of the first capacitor, a positive output end of the second bus assembly and a positive input end of the inverter circuit respectively; the negative output end of the first bus assembly is connected with a second end of the first diode, a second end of the first capacitor, a negative output end of the second bus assembly and a negative input end of the inverter circuit respectively.

[0029] Through the above technical means, the energy storage and energy release of the first inductor can be controlled according to the conduction and closing of the first switch tube, so that the output voltage of the target group string after the first photovoltaic group string is connected in parallel through the first bus assembly can be stepped down and adjusted, the problem of output voltage mismatch of different target group strings is solved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic group string are improved.

[0030] In some embodiments, the second voltage conversion module comprises a second inductor, a second switch tube, a second diode and a second capacitor, wherein: the positive output end of the second bus assembly is connected with a first end of the second inductor, a second end of the second inductor is connected with a first end of the second switch tube and a first end of the second diode respectively, a second end of the second diode is connected with a first end of the second capacitor, a positive output end of the first bus assembly and a positive input end of the inverter circuit respectively; the negative output end of the second bus assembly is connected with a second end of the second switch tube, a second end of the second capacitor, a negative output end of the second bus assembly and a negative input end of the inverter circuit respectively.

[0031] Through the above technical means, the energy storage and energy release of the second inductor can be controlled according to the conduction and closing of the second switch tube, so that the output voltage of the target group string after the second photovoltaic group string is connected in parallel through the second bus assembly can be stepped up and adjusted, the problem of output voltage mismatch of different target group strings is solved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic group string are improved.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first switch module comprises a first switch and a first anti-reverse module, wherein: a first end of the first switch is connected with the positive output end of the second bus assembly, a second end of the first switch is connected with a first end of the first anti-reverse module, a second end of the first anti-reverse module is connected with the positive output end of the first voltage conversion module and the positive input end of the inverter circuit respectively; the negative output end of the second bus assembly is connected with the negative output end of the first voltage conversion module and the negative input end of the inverter circuit respectively.

[0033] By the above technical means, when the output voltage of the target group string after the second photovoltaic group string is connected in parallel through the second bus assembly is abnormal, the first switch module is controlled to be disconnected, thereby realizing intelligent control of the photovoltaic group string and avoiding damage to the device caused by abnormal current or voltage.

[0034] In some embodiments, the second switch module includes a second switch and a second anti-reverse module, wherein: the first end of the second switch is connected with the positive output end of the first bus assembly, the second end of the second switch is connected with the first end of the second anti-reverse module, and the second end of the second anti-reverse module is connected with the positive output end of the second voltage conversion module and the positive input end of the inverter circuit, respectively; the negative output end of the first bus assembly is connected with the negative output end of the second voltage conversion module and the negative input end of the inverter circuit, respectively.

[0035] By the above technical means, when the output voltage of the target group string after the first photovoltaic group string is connected in parallel through the first bus assembly is abnormal, the second switch module is controlled to be disconnected, thereby realizing intelligent control of the photovoltaic group string and avoiding damage to the device caused by abnormal current or voltage.

[0036] In some embodiments, the multi-pass connector further includes a power tracking module, wherein: the power tracking module is configured to generate a pulse modulation signal based on the output voltage of the to-be-processed group string and the target voltage range, and send the pulse modulation signal to at least one voltage conversion module; wherein the pulse modulation signal is used to control the voltage conversion module to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the to-be-processed group string.

[0037] By the above technical means, through the pulse modulation signal output by the power tracking module, the output voltage of the to-be-processed group string is adjusted by the at least one voltage conversion module to increase or decrease the adjustment amplitude, thereby realizing optimal adaptation of the output voltage of the at least two target group strings, reducing the cost, and improving the output of electric energy.

[0038] In some embodiments, the multi-pass connector further includes a communication module and an acquisition module, wherein: the acquisition module is configured to acquire output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group string, and send the output parameters of the at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group string to the communication module; the communication module is configured to receive the output parameters of the at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group string and send them to the control module.

[0039] By the above technical means, through the acquisition module and the communication module, the output parameters of the at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group string and the output parameters of the power adjustment circuit are monitored and intelligently diagnosed in real time, and abnormalities are fed back in time, thereby improving the digital level of the overall system and improving safety.

[0040] In some embodiments, the number of input terminals of the multi-pass connector has a corresponding relationship with the current carrying upper limit value of the multi-pass connector and the output current of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string.

[0041] Through the above technical means, the number of input terminals can be determined according to the output current of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings. In this way, the selection of the multi-pass connector of the laminated assembly is defined by a mathematical calculation method, which helps to select a more reasonable number of input terminals.

[0042] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a power generation system, which comprises at least two photovoltaic strings, an inverter circuit and the multi-pass connector as described in the first aspect; wherein the at least two input terminals of the multi-pass connector are connected with the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output terminal of the multi-pass connector is connected with the inverter circuit.

[0043] Through the above technical means, by integrating the power optimizer in the multi-pass connector, not only the parallel output of multiple target strings is realized, thereby solving the capacity problem of current being too low and requiring multiple parallel connections, but also the mismatching problem between different battery layers of the laminated assembly is eliminated, greatly improving the system efficiency and economy.

[0044] The present disclosure provides a multi-pass connector and a power generation system. The multi-pass connector is provided with a power adjustment circuit comprising a voltage conversion module. By integrating the power adjustment circuit in the multi-pass connector, not only the application range of the multi-pass connector is widened, but also the output voltage of the target string whose output voltage is outside the target voltage range in the photovoltaic string can be converted, so that the output voltages of different target strings in the photovoltaic string are consistent, thereby enabling all target strings to be uniformly output, solving the parameter mismatching problem between different target strings, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and power output of the photovoltaic string. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a photovoltaic connector;

[0046] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation unit, a laminated assembly, a photovoltaic string and a photovoltaic sub-string provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0047] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0048] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0049] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0050] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0051] Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0053] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0056] Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0058] Fig. 14 is a flowchart of a method for determining the number of input ports according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to enable a person skilled in the art to more fully understand the features and technical contents of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are only used for reference and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. The terminology used in the specification herein is for describing the embodiments of the present disclosure only and is not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0061] In the following description, "some embodiments" are described, which describe a subset of all possible embodiments, but it can be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0062] It should also be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third" used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used to distinguish similar objects, and do not represent a specific order of the objects. It can be understood that "first", "second", "third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence as allowed, so that the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0063] New energy batteries are increasingly widely used in life and industry. For example, new energy vehicles equipped with batteries have been widely used, and batteries are also increasingly used in the field of energy storage and the like.

[0064] Currently, new energy batteries are increasingly widely used in life and industry. New energy batteries are not only applied to energy storage power systems such as hydroelectric, thermal, wind and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles and other electric vehicles, and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also increasing.

[0065] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery can be a battery monomer. The battery monomer refers to a basic unit capable of realizing mutual conversion between chemical energy and electrical energy, and can be used to make a battery module or a battery pack, thereby being used to supply power to an electric device. The battery monomer can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery monomer that can be activated by charging after discharging. The battery monomer can be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a magnesium ion battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0066] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery can also be a single physical module including one or more battery monomers to provide higher voltage and capacity. When there are multiple battery monomers, the multiple battery monomers are connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed manner through a current combining component.

[0067] The photovoltaic cell laminating technology is a process of dividing different materials into a preliminary size, and then laminating multiple layers of materials in parallel in sequence to form a photovoltaic cell that can be packaged. For example, a crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic cell is a structure in which a crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell and a perovskite photovoltaic cell are laminated together. Since the crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell can absorb part of the visible light spectrum, and the perovskite photovoltaic cell can absorb visible light and infrared spectrum, laminating the two photovoltaic cell layers together can more fully utilize each band of the solar spectrum, achieve spectral complementation, and also fully utilize the transmission of electrons, so that this laminated photovoltaic cell has a higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0068] However, since each layer of photovoltaic cell in the crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated photovoltaic cell is made of different materials, when light of different bands is photoelectrically converted, the voltage and current output by the crystalline silicon layer and the perovskite layer are mismatched, so that the optimal working point of different photovoltaic cell layers in the laminated photovoltaic cell is different, which affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the laminated photovoltaic cell.

[0069] At present, when the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic cell is made, the initial electrical parameter matching is generally performed to make the voltage and current output by the crystalline silicon layer and the perovskite layer substantially consistent. However, in the use process of the stacked photovoltaic cell, the power generation conditions of the crystalline silicon layer and the perovskite layer may change due to the influence of irradiation, temperature, shielding conditions, decay speed and other reasons. In the related technology, the matching problem of the voltage and current of the crystalline silicon layer and the perovskite layer is not considered under this condition, so that the stacked photovoltaic cell cannot be simply connected in series and parallel when used. Moreover, the current-voltage characteristics of the perovskite layer are quite different from those of the crystalline silicon layer, and the characteristics are high voltage and low current, which makes it easy to cause the photovoltaic bus cable to not fully exert the maximum carrying capacity (generally 30A upper limit carrying capacity) if the different photovoltaic cell layers are not connected in parallel, thereby being not conducive to the cost reduction of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic cell. 2 Copper cable, upper limit carrying capacity 30A), thereby being not conducive to the cost reduction of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic cell.

[0070] A plurality of crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked photovoltaic cells are connected in series to form a photovoltaic cell group string. In the current photovoltaic system, a communicating vessel such as a Y-type connector or a multi-pass connector is used to realize the parallel connection between different photovoltaic cell group strings, and then the input voltages of the different photovoltaic cell group strings are collected to the inverter. FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic connector. As shown in FIG. 1, the Y-type connector includes a first input interface 101 and a second input interface 102, which are respectively used to connect the input voltages of different photovoltaic cell group strings. After the input voltages of the different photovoltaic cell group strings are connected in parallel, the input voltages are output to the inverter through the first output interface 103. However, the connector shown in FIG. 1 only simply connects the output voltages of different photovoltaic group strings in parallel, and cannot solve the problem of mismatching of electrical parameters between different cell layers.

[0071] To solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a multi-pass connector and a power generation system. The multi-pass connector is provided with a power adjustment circuit including a voltage conversion module. By integrating the power adjustment circuit in the multi-pass connector, the application range of the multi-pass connector is widened, and the output voltage of a target group string in the photovoltaic group string that is outside the target voltage range can be converted, so that the output voltages of different target group strings in the photovoltaic group string are consistent, thereby enabling all target group strings to be uniformly output, solving the problem of parameter mismatching between different target group strings, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the electric energy output of the photovoltaic group string.

[0072] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation unit, a stacked assembly, a photovoltaic group string and a photovoltaic sub-string provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Please refer to FIG. 2 for the explanation of the meanings of the battery concepts involved in the present disclosure:

[0073] (1) Power generation unit

[0074] The power generation unit refers to a basic unit capable of converting other forms of energy and electrical energy into each other, such as a sub-cell composed of a bottom electrode, a semiconductor layer, and a top electrode in a thin-film battery (such as a perovskite battery) (separated and connected in series and parallel through P1, P2, and P3 scribing grooves in the preparation process), or a battery piece in a non-thin-film battery (such as a crystalline silicon battery). Generally, the power generation unit will not be independently connected to the positive and negative electrodes, but will be connected in series and parallel (FIG. 2 only shows a full series structure of the sub-cells of the perovskite battery as an example, but does not constitute a limitation) to form a power generation unit before being independently connected to the positive and negative electrodes.

[0075] (2) Power generation unit

[0076] Referring to FIG. 2, the power generation unit refers to the smallest unit with independent positive and negative electrode connection leads, which is formed by connecting a plurality of power generation units in series and parallel, and the specific way of connecting in series and parallel is not limited.

[0077] (3) Laminated assembly

[0078] Referring to FIG. 2, a plurality of power generation units are stacked to form a laminated assembly, and FIG. 2 only shows the stacking of two power generation units, but the number of power generation units stacked in the laminated assembly is not limited. In addition, in this embodiment, the output ends of the stacked power generation units are independently connected to the positive and negative electrodes, and in the case where the laminated assembly includes two power generation units, each laminated assembly is connected to four output terminals (i.e., two positive output terminals and two negative output terminals).

[0079] (4) Photovoltaic string

[0080] Referring to FIG. 2, a plurality of laminated assemblies are connected in series to form a photovoltaic string.

[0081] (5) Photovoltaic sub-string

[0082] Referring to FIG. 2, a plurality of power generation units in the same photovoltaic string are connected in series to form an independent positive and negative connection, which is referred to as a photovoltaic sub-string. The photovoltaic string can be a plurality of power generation units connected in series by the same material, or power generation units with output voltages in a predetermined voltage range in an ideal state. FIG. 2 only shows a plurality of first power generation units connected in series to form a photovoltaic sub-string as an example, but does not constitute a limitation.

[0083] (6) Target string

[0084] The photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages in a predetermined range from different photovoltaic strings are connected in parallel to form a target string. The photovoltaic sub-strings can be connected in parallel through a bus assembly and independently connected to the positive and negative electrodes. For example, the string formed by connecting photovoltaic sub-string A and photovoltaic sub-string B in FIG. 2 through a bus assembly can be referred to as a target string.

[0085] The present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, the power generation system 2 includes at least two light-voltage groups, an inverter circuit 23 and a multi-pass connector 22 in the following embodiments.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, at least two input ends of the multi-pass connector 22 are connected with the at least two light-voltage groups, and an output end of the multi-pass connector 22 is connected with the inverter circuit 23.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, each light-voltage group can include at least two light-voltage subgroups, and the light-voltage subgroups with output voltages in a preset voltage range in the at least two light-voltage groups are connected in parallel to obtain at least two target groups.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the multi-pass connector 22 can be used to convert the output voltage of a to-be-processed group to a target voltage range, so that the output voltage of the target group is in the target voltage range, and the output voltage of the target group is output to the inverter circuit 23; wherein the to-be-processed group is one or more target groups with output voltages outside the target voltage range in the at least two target groups.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the inverter circuit 23 can be a converter capable of converting direct current into alternating current with fixed frequency and fixed voltage or adjustable frequency and adjustable voltage. For example, the inverter circuit 23 can also be referred to as an inverter or a converter.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the power generation system 2 can include multiple light-voltage groups, for example, a first light-voltage group 21_1, …, an Nth light-voltage group 21_2. It can be understood that the number of light-voltage groups is determined according to user requirements, and has a corresponding relationship with the input end of the multi-pass connector 22. Further, each light-voltage group can include at least one stacked component, and the at least one stacked component is connected in series. Each stacked component is formed by stacking at least two power generation units, and the number of power generation units contained in all stacked components in the same light-voltage group is equal. The position of the power generation unit in the stacked component can also be marked by a hierarchical manner, and the power generation units at the same layer can be composed of the same material.

[0092] The power adjustment circuit including the voltage conversion module is integrated in the multi-pass connector, so that the application range of the multi-pass connector is widened, the output voltage of the target group string outside the target voltage range in the photovoltaic group string is converted, the output voltages of different target group strings in the photovoltaic group string are consistent, all target group strings can be uniformly output, the problem of parameter mismatch between different target group strings is solved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the electric energy yield of the photovoltaic group string are improved.

[0093] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the multi-pass connector 22 includes at least two input terminals, a power adjustment circuit and an output terminal. The at least two input terminals of the multi-pass connector 22 are connected with at least two photovoltaic group strings, and the output terminal of the multi-pass connector 22 is connected with an inverter circuit 23.

[0094] The photovoltaic group string includes at least two photovoltaic sub-strings, and each photovoltaic sub-string includes at least one series-connected power generation unit. The photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages in a preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic group strings are connected in parallel to obtain at least two target group strings. In this embodiment, the at least two target group strings are obtained by connecting the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages in the preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic group strings in parallel.

[0095] The power adjustment circuit includes at least one voltage conversion module. The at least one voltage conversion module is configured to convert the output voltage of a target group string to be processed, so that the output voltages of the at least two target group strings are within the target voltage range. The target group string to be processed is one or more target group strings with output voltages outside the target voltage range in the at least two target group strings.

[0096] As shown in FIG. 4, the power generation system 2 includes at least two photovoltaic group strings. Each photovoltaic group string is connected with an input terminal of the multi-pass connector 22. The input voltages of different photovoltaic group strings are connected in parallel by the multi-pass connector 22, and then input to the inverter circuit 23.

[0097] The band gaps of the light-absorbing layers in different power generation units are different. By combining the light-absorbing layers with different band gaps in the laminated assembly, the existing photovoltaic energy conversion efficiency is improved, and the power generation cost is reduced. Further, the multiple power generation units with the same or similar band gaps of the light-absorbing layers in the same photovoltaic group string are connected in series to form a photovoltaic sub-string.

[0098] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 4, the at least two photovoltaic strings include a first photovoltaic string 21_1 and an Nth photovoltaic string 21_2. The first photovoltaic string 21_1 includes a first laminated assembly 211, …, an Mth laminated assembly 212, where the first laminated assembly 211 includes a first power generation unit 2111, …, a Kth power generation unit 2112, and the Mth laminated assembly 212 includes a first power generation unit 2121, …, a Kth power generation unit 2122. The Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 includes an Lth laminated assembly 213, …, a Wth laminated assembly 214, where the Lth laminated assembly 213 includes a first power generation unit 2131, …, a Kth power generation unit 2132, and the Wth laminated assembly 214 includes a first power generation unit 2141, …, a Kth power generation unit 2142. Here, M, N, K, L, and W are all positive integers greater than zero.

[0099] It should be noted that each photovoltaic string is connected to the multi-way connector 22 through an input end. In some optional embodiments, each input end of the multi-way connector 22 can include at least two sub-input ends, each of which is used to be connected to each photovoltaic sub-string in each photovoltaic string.

[0100] It should be further noted that the power generation units in different photovoltaic strings can be connected in series in the photovoltaic string, then connected in parallel through the multi-way connector 22, and finally output to the inverter circuit 23. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 4, the first power generation unit 2111, …, the first power generation unit 2121 in the first photovoltaic string 21_1 are connected in series to form a photovoltaic sub-string, and the positive and negative terminals of the photovoltaic sub-string are connected to the multi-way connector 22 to output a voltage to the multi-way connector 22. The first power generation unit 2131, …, the first power generation unit 2141 in the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 are connected in series to form a photovoltaic sub-string, and the positive and negative terminals of the photovoltaic sub-string are connected to the multi-way connector 22 to output a voltage to the multi-way connector 22. The photovoltaic sub-string connected in series in the first photovoltaic string 21_1 and the photovoltaic sub-string connected in series in the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 are connected in parallel at the corresponding input end of the multi-way connector 22, and then output to the inverter circuit 23 through the output end of the multi-way connector 22.

[0101] It should be noted that the preset voltage range can refer to the output voltage of the photovoltaic sub-string in the ideal state, and the range formed after the upper and lower thresholds are calculated with 0%-10% up and down floating. The power generation units with the same material or the output voltage in the same preset voltage range in the multi-path photovoltaic string can form a photovoltaic sub-string by series connection, and the photovoltaic sub-strings with the same material or the output voltage in the same preset voltage range in the multi-path photovoltaic sub-string can form a target string by parallel connection. Since the materials of the multiple power generation units in the laminated assembly can be different, and the output voltages are also different, the preset voltage range can be set to multiple, and the multiple preset voltage ranges correspond to the ranges where the output voltages of the power generation units with different materials are concentrated.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, before the output voltage of the photovoltaic sub-string connected in parallel is output to the inverter circuit 23, when the multi-path connector 22 receives the voltage input by the different photovoltaic sub-strings of the different photovoltaic strings through different input ends, the multi-path connector 22 can determine at least one of the multiple target strings in the photovoltaic string as a to-be-processed string based on the circuit structure of the multi-path connector 22 and the connection with the photovoltaic string, and convert the output voltage of the to-be-processed string into a target voltage, and then output to the inverter circuit 23 in parallel with the target voltage output by the other layer photovoltaic sub-string.

[0103] For the laminated assembly with K power generation units as described above, each pair of string photovoltaic string corresponds to K photovoltaic sub-strings, and after parallel connection, K target strings can be included, and the to-be-processed string can be any one or any multiple of the target strings with the output voltage not in the target voltage range.

[0104] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the target voltage range can refer to the output voltage of one of the at least two target strings, with 0%-10% up and down floating, and the range formed after the upper and lower thresholds are calculated. In this case, the other target strings will be processed as to-be-processed strings for voltage conversion, or it can also be a preset target voltage range. In the case where the output voltages of the at least two target strings are not in the target voltage range, the output voltages of the two target strings can be processed as to-be-processed strings.

[0105] It should be noted that in some optional embodiments, the input end of the multi-pass connector 22 connected with each photovoltaic string can include at least one sub-input end, the number of the sub-input ends being consistent with the number of the power generation units contained in the laminated assembly in the photovoltaic string, the power generation units being placed in the laminated assembly in a stacked manner and marked by cell layers, the output voltages of different photovoltaic sub-strings being respectively connected to the multi-pass connector 22, and then the photovoltaic sub-strings in the same preset voltage range being connected in parallel by the multi-pass connector 22 to obtain the target string corresponding to the cell layer where the power generation unit is located, and then the output voltages of the target strings corresponding to different layers being further respectively converted in voltage by the multi-pass connector 22 and connected in parallel, and output to the inverter circuit 23.

[0106] As described above, the materials of different cell layers in the photovoltaic assembly are different, and the output voltages and output currents can be different, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one voltage conversion module is arranged in the power adjustment circuit, and each voltage conversion module can adjust the output voltage of a target string, i.e., a to-be-processed string, to be within a target voltage range.

[0107] It should be noted that, as described above, after the target voltage range is determined, one or more target strings with output voltages not within the target voltage range among the at least two target strings can be taken as to-be-processed strings, and based on the comparison between the output voltages of the one or more to-be-processed strings and the target voltage range, each to-be-processed string is connected to a different voltage conversion module, and the output voltage of each to-be-processed string is adjusted to be within the target voltage range by the voltage conversion module. For example, if the output voltage of the to-be-processed string is higher than the upper limit value of the target voltage range, the voltage conversion module connected to the to-be-processed string can reduce the output voltage to be within the target voltage range; or, if the output voltage of the to-be-processed string is lower than the lower limit value of the target voltage range, the voltage conversion module connected to the to-be-processed string can increase the output voltage to be within the target voltage range.

[0108] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a multi-pass connector, and the multi-pass connector is provided with a power adjustment circuit including a voltage conversion module. By integrating the power adjustment circuit in the multi-pass connector, the application range of the multi-pass connector is widened, and the output voltage of a target string with an output voltage outside a target voltage range in a photovoltaic string can be converted, the output voltages of different target strings in the photovoltaic string are consistent, so that all the target strings can be uniformly output, the problem of parameter mismatch between different target strings is solved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the power output of the photovoltaic string are improved.

[0109] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram III of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, the multi-pass connector further comprises at least two busbar assemblies, which are used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are in a preset voltage range; wherein:

[0110] The input ends of the busbar assemblies are connected with the photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are in a preset voltage range, and the output ends of the busbar assemblies are connected with the input end of the power adjustment circuit.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the busbar assembly can be a wire or a rail connected in parallel at the output end of the power generation unit in the same cell layer of the different photovoltaic assemblies in the stack assembly, so as to realize centralized management of the different photovoltaic strings. Exemplarily, the busbar assembly can be a parallel busbar.

[0112] In this way, the power generation units in the same cell layer of the plurality of stack assemblies are connected in series to form photovoltaic sub-strings, and the photovoltaic sub-strings in different photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are in a preset voltage range are connected with the same busbar assembly, and are output to the power adjustment circuit after being connected in parallel by the busbar assembly. It should be noted that the number of busbar assemblies has a corresponding relationship with the number of photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string.

[0113] In this way, the multi-pass connector further comprises at least one busbar assembly, and each busbar assembly can connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are in a preset voltage range, so as to arbitrarily increase the number of photovoltaic strings and thus increase the output power.

[0114] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to FIG. 5, the at least two busbar assemblies comprise a first busbar assembly and a second busbar assembly, wherein:

[0115] The first busbar assembly 222 is used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are in a first preset voltage range, and the second busbar assembly 223 is used to connect in parallel the photovoltaic sub-strings in at least two photovoltaic strings whose output voltages are in a second preset voltage range.

[0116] Exemplarily, for the crystalline silicon-perovskite stack assembly, the power generation unit in the upper layer is perovskite, and the power generation unit in the lower layer is crystalline silicon. The first preset voltage range can be the output voltage of the perovskite power generation unit under normal and same external environment, with an up-down fluctuation of 0%-10%, and the voltage range formed after calculating the upper and lower thresholds; and the second preset voltage range can be the output voltage of the crystalline silicon power generation unit under normal and same external environment, with an up-down fluctuation of 0%-10%, and the voltage range formed after calculating the upper and lower thresholds.

[0117] Thus, the multi-way connector comprises the first bus assembly and the second bus assembly, which respectively connect the photovoltaic sub-strings in the first preset voltage range and the second preset voltage range in parallel, so that the number of photovoltaic strings can be increased arbitrarily, thereby increasing the output power.

[0118] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 5, the photovoltaic string comprises a first photovoltaic sub-string and a second photovoltaic sub-string, the first photovoltaic sub-string comprises at least one first power generation unit connected in series, the second photovoltaic sub-string comprises at least one second power generation unit connected in series, and the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit have different band gaps; wherein:

[0119] The input end of the first bus assembly is connected with the first photovoltaic sub-string in the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the first bus assembly is connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0120] The input end of the second bus assembly is connected with the second photovoltaic sub-string in the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the second bus assembly is connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

[0121] In the embodiments of the present disclosure and the following embodiments, each laminated assembly is exemplified as containing double-layer laminated power generation units. The first power generation unit, i.e., the upper power generation unit (front side, light-receiving side) is a transparent power generation unit, and the second power generation unit, i.e., the lower power generation unit can be a transparent assembly or an opaque unit, a single-sided unit or a double-sided unit. The upper and lower power generation units are not limited in design, type and structure. In addition, the upper and lower power generation units are encapsulated between upper and lower surfaces, the upper surface is a light-transmitting surface, and the lower surface is a light-transmitting surface or a non-light-transmitting surface. A transparent insulating material layer is arranged between the upper and lower power generation units, which can be a film, glass or other materials. The laminated assembly needs to be encapsulated, and the encapsulation form is not limited. The laminated assembly can be assembled or not assembled with a frame. The positive and negative terminals of the upper and lower power generation units are respectively led out, and the leading-out mode and position are not limited. Exemplarily, the first power generation unit is a perovskite power generation unit, the second power generation unit is a crystalline silicon power generation unit, the photovoltaic multi-way connector 22 comprises two input ends, and a three-way (Y-type) connector is exemplified to introduce the multi-way connector 22 of the present disclosure in detail.

[0122] As shown in FIG. 5, each of the at least two photovoltaic strings includes at least one stacked assembly, and in some optional embodiments, each of the stacked assemblies can include a first power generation unit and a second power generation unit. The output end of the first power generation unit of the last stacked assembly in each of the photovoltaic strings is connected to the first bus assembly 222, i.e., the output end of the first photovoltaic sub-string formed in series with the first power generation unit, and the output voltage of each of the first photovoltaic sub-strings is connected in parallel by the first bus assembly 222 to output the output voltage of the first target string. The output end of the second power generation unit of the last stacked assembly in each of the photovoltaic strings is connected to the second bus assembly 223, i.e., the output end of the second photovoltaic sub-string formed in series with the second power generation unit, and the output voltage of each of the second photovoltaic sub-strings is connected in parallel by the second bus assembly 223 to output the output voltage of the second target string. For example, the first power generation unit 2111, …, the first power generation unit 2121 in the first photovoltaic string 21_1 are connected in series to form a first photovoltaic sub-string, and the output end of the first photovoltaic sub-string is connected to the input end of the first bus assembly 222. The first power generation unit 2131, …, the first power generation unit 2141 in the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 are connected in series to form another first photovoltaic sub-string, and the output end of the first photovoltaic sub-string is also connected to the input end of the first bus assembly 222. The output voltage of the first photovoltaic sub-string in the first photovoltaic string 21_1 to the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 is connected in parallel by the first bus assembly 222 to output the output voltage of the first target string.

[0123] It can be understood that the connection mode of the first photovoltaic string 21_1 to the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 to the second bus assembly 223 can refer to the connection mode of the first photovoltaic string 21_1 to the Nth photovoltaic string 21_2 to the first bus assembly 222.

[0124] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a multi-path connector, and the multi-path connector further includes a first bus assembly and a second bus assembly. The output voltage of the corresponding photovoltaic sub-string can be connected in parallel and input to the power adjustment circuit for voltage conversion. In this way, the power adjustment circuit can simultaneously adjust the output voltage of the multi-path photovoltaic string, the number of connectable photovoltaic strings is increased, and the output power is increased.

[0125] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, the at least one voltage conversion module includes a first voltage conversion module 2212.

[0126] The output end of the first bus assembly 222 is connected with the input end of the first voltage conversion module 2212, the output end of the second bus assembly 223 is connected with the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 is further connected with the input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0127] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first voltage conversion module 2212 can be a circuit for adjusting the output voltage of the first target group string to be within the target voltage range. For example, based on the structure that the aforementioned photovoltaic group string includes the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit, taking the first target group string unit as an example, the first target group string is formed by series connection of perovskite power generation units, and the second target group string is formed by series connection of crystalline silicon power generation units. It should be noted that due to the material properties, the output voltage of the perovskite power generation unit is generally higher than that of the crystalline silicon power generation unit. If the output voltage of the target group string formed by series connection of the crystalline silicon power generation units is used to determine the target voltage range, the first voltage conversion module 2212 can be a Buck circuit, which can reduce the output voltage of the first target group string to be within the target voltage range corresponding to the second target group string through direct current-to-direct current (DC-to-DC) voltage conversion.

[0128] It should be noted that if the first voltage conversion module 2212 is a circuit for step-down conversion of the first target group string, the second target group string can directly pass through the second bus assembly 223 to parallelly connect the output voltages of the multiple second photovoltaic sub-strings, and then directly output to the inverter circuit 23 through the power adjustment circuit.

[0129] It should be noted that the output voltage of the power adjustment circuit is the output voltage of the second target group string, which is within the target voltage range, and the output current of the power adjustment circuit is the sum of the output currents of all the photovoltaic sub-strings.

[0130] In some embodiments, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a component structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 7, the multi-pass connector 22 further includes a first switch module 2213.

[0131] The output end of the second bus assembly 223 is connected with the input end of the first switch module 2213, the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 is connected with the output end of the first switch module 2213, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 is further connected with the input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0132] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first switch module 2213 can be connected between the second bus assembly 223 and the power adjustment circuit, for controlling whether the output voltage of the second target group string is input to the power adjustment circuit and the inverter circuit 23 connected thereafter based on the conduction or non-conduction of the switch module.

[0133] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be provided with a controller for controlling the conduction or non-conduction of the first switch module 2213 based on the output voltage, output current and other electrical parameters of the first target group string and the second target group string.

[0134] It should also be noted that a switch module can also be connected between the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the first bus assembly 222, for controlling whether the output voltage of the first target group string is input to the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the inverter circuit 23 connected thereafter.

[0135] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a multi-pass connector, by connecting the output end of the first bus assembly with the first voltage conversion module, and connecting the output end of the second bus assembly with the first switch module, the output voltage of the first target group string can be adjusted to the target voltage range corresponding to the second target group string, thereby solving the problem of mismatching of the output voltage of different target group strings, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the battery group string.

[0136] In still another embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8, the at least one voltage conversion module includes a second voltage conversion module 2214.

[0137] Among them, the output end of the second bus assembly 223 is connected with the input end of the second voltage conversion module 2214, the output end of the first bus assembly 222 is connected with the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214 is also connected with the input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0138] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second voltage conversion module 2214 can be a circuit for adjusting the output voltage of the second target group string to the target voltage range. For example, based on the structure that the aforementioned laminated group string includes the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit, taking the first target group string composed of perovskite power generation units and the second target group string composed of crystalline silicon power generation units as an example, due to the material properties, the output voltage of the perovskite power generation unit is generally higher than that of the crystalline silicon power generation unit, if the target voltage range is determined based on the output voltage of the perovskite power generation unit, the second voltage conversion module 2214 can be a boost circuit, which can increase the output voltage of the second target group string to the target voltage range corresponding to the first target group string through direct current-direct current voltage conversion.

[0139] It should be noted that for the first target group string, the output voltages of the multiple paths of the first photovoltaic sub-strings in different photovoltaic group strings can be directly connected in parallel through the first bus assembly 222, and then output to the inverter circuit 23 through the power adjustment circuit.

[0140] It should be noted that the output voltage of the power adjustment circuit is the output voltage of the first target group string, which is within the target voltage range, and the output current of the power adjustment circuit is the sum of the output currents of each path of the photovoltaic sub-strings.

[0141] In some embodiments, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9, the multi-path connector 22 further comprises a second switch module 2215.

[0142] The output end of the first bus assembly 222 is connected to the input end of the second switch module 2215, the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214 is connected to the output end of the second switch module 2215, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214 is also connected to the input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0143] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the second switch module 2215 can be connected between the first bus assembly 222 and the power adjustment circuit, for controlling whether the output voltage of the first target group string is input to the power adjustment circuit and the inverter circuit 23 connected behind, based on the conduction or non-conduction of the switch module.

[0144] It should be noted that, as described above, a controller can also be provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, for controlling the conduction or non-conduction of the second switch module 2215 based on the output voltage, output current and other electrical parameters of the first target group string and the second target group string.

[0145] It should also be noted that a switch module can also be connected between the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the second bus assembly 223, for controlling whether the output voltage of the second target group string is input to the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the inverter circuit 23 connected behind.

[0146] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a multi-path connector, by connecting the output end of the first bus assembly to the second switch module, and connecting the output end of the second bus assembly to the second voltage conversion module, the output voltage of the second target group string can be adjusted to the same as the target voltage output by the first target group string, thereby solving the problem of mismatching of the output voltages of different target group strings, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic group string.

[0147] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 10, the at least one voltage conversion module includes a first voltage conversion module 2212 and a second voltage conversion module 2214.

[0148] The output end of the first bus assembly 222 is connected with the input end of the first voltage conversion module 2212, the output end of the second bus assembly 223 is connected with the input end of the second voltage conversion module 2214, the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 is connected with the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 is further connected with the input end of the inverter circuit 23.

[0149] As described above, the first voltage conversion module 2212 can be a circuit for adjusting the output voltage of the first target group string to be within the target voltage range, and the second voltage conversion module 2214 can be a circuit for adjusting the output voltage of the second target group string to be within the target voltage range. For example, based on the structure that the photovoltaic group string includes the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit, the first target group string is composed of perovskite power generation units, and the second target group string is composed of crystalline silicon power generation units. Due to the material properties, the output voltage of the perovskite layer power generation unit is generally higher than that of the crystalline silicon layer power generation unit, and thus a voltage value between the output voltage of the perovskite layer power generation unit and the output voltage of the crystalline silicon layer power generation unit can be determined as the target voltage. In this way, the first voltage conversion module 2212 can be a Buck circuit, which can reduce the output voltage of the first target group string to be within the target voltage range through direct current-direct current voltage conversion, and the second voltage conversion module 2214 can be a Boost circuit, which can increase the output voltage of the second target group string to be within the target voltage range through direct current-direct current voltage conversion. The adjusted output voltages of the two target group strings are further connected in parallel and output to the inverter circuit 23 through the output end of the multi-pass connector 22.

[0150] It should be noted that the output voltage of the power adjustment circuit is within the target voltage range, and the output current of the power adjustment circuit is the sum of the output currents of each photovoltaic sub-string.

[0151] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a multi-pass connector, which connects the output end of the first bus assembly with the first voltage conversion module and connects the output end of the second bus assembly with the second voltage conversion module, so as to adjust the output voltage of the second target group string and the output voltage of the first target group string to be within the target voltage range, thereby enabling the output voltages of the two target group strings to be connected in parallel, solving the problem of mismatched output voltages of different target group strings, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic group string.

[0152] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 11, the first voltage conversion module 2212 includes a first switch tube VT1, a first diode D1, a first inductor L1, and a first capacitor C1.

[0153] The positive output end of the first bus assembly 222 is connected to the first end of the first switch tube VT1, the second end of the first switch tube VT1 is connected to the first end of the first diode D1 and the first end of the first inductor L1, respectively, and the second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, the positive output end of the second bus assembly 222, and the positive input end of the inverter circuit 23, respectively.

[0154] The negative output end of the first bus assembly 222 is connected to the second end of the first diode D1, the second end of the first capacitor C1, the negative output end of the second bus assembly 222, and the negative input end of the inverter circuit 23, respectively.

[0155] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 11, exemplary, the first target group string is composed of perovskite layer power generation units, and the second target group string is composed of crystalline silicon layer power generation units. Since the output voltage of the perovskite layer power generation unit is higher than that of the crystalline silicon layer power generation unit, a Buck circuit composed of the first switch tube VT1, the first diode D1, the first inductor L1, and the first capacitor C1 is used to determine the voltage amplitude after voltage reduction by controlling the ratio of the on-off time of the first switch tube VT1 (i.e. duty ratio), so that the output voltage of the first target group string is reduced to the target voltage range corresponding to the output voltage of the second target group string. Then, the positive electrode of the output voltage of the first target group string after voltage reduction and the positive electrode of the output voltage of the second target group string are connected in parallel through the third positive electrode joint 2241, and the negative electrode of the output voltage of the first target group string after voltage reduction and the negative electrode of the output voltage of the second target group string are connected in parallel through the third negative electrode joint 2242, and then output to the inverter 23.

[0156] The first switch tube VT1 can be a triode, such as a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), an Insulate-Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), and the like.

[0157] In an example, when the first switch tube VT1 is in a conductive state, the input voltage flows through the first inductor L1, converts the magnetic field through the center core of the first inductor L1 into magnetic energy, and stores the magnetic energy in the first inductor L1, at this time the first diode D1 is in a cut-off state; when the first switch tube VT1 is in a cut-off state, the current flowing through the first inductor L1 decreases, and the inductance generates an induced electromotive force to hinder the decrease of the current, at this time the first diode D1 is turned on, the current flows through the first capacitor C1 and then flows through the first diode D1 to form a loop, and the output voltage signal of the inverter circuit 23 is obtained by the first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1. In this way, the energy storage and energy release of the first inductor L1 can be controlled by controlling the conduction and cut-off of the first switch tube VT1, so as to realize the step-down adjustment of the output voltage of the first target group string.

[0158] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 11, the first switch module 2213 includes a first switch SA1 and a first anti-reverse module, wherein:

[0159] The first end of the first switch SA1 is connected with the positive output end of the second bus assembly 223, the second end of the first switch SA1 is connected with the first end of the first anti-reverse module, the second end of the first anti-reverse module is connected with the positive output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the positive input end of the inverter circuit 23 respectively, and the negative output end of the second bus assembly 223 is connected with the negative output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the negative input end of the inverter circuit 23 respectively.

[0160] It should be noted that the first anti-reverse module can be a device for preventing the reverse flow of current from the inverter 23 to the photovoltaic string, which can be a diode, a thyristor, an IGBT, a transistor, etc.

[0161] FIG. 11 takes the third diode D3 as an example of the first anti-reverse module, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first switch module 2213 can be connected in series between the output end of the second target group string and the inverter circuit 23, and the first switch module 2213 includes the first switch SA1 and the third diode D3. The first switch SA1 can be an intelligent switch and is selectively turned off based on the control of the foregoing controller; the third diode D3 realizes the functions of intelligent turn-off and anti-reverse of the first switch module 2213.

[0162] In an example, when the output voltage of the second target group string is abnormal, the first switch SA1 is controlled to be turned off by the controller. In some optional embodiments, when the output voltage of the second target group string is abnormal, the controller can not control the first switch SA1 to be turned off, but adjusts to a current tracking mode, adjusts the output currents of the first target group string and the second target group string to a target current, and then outputs after keeping the output currents of all target group strings consistent, wherein the target current can be a certain constant reference value.

[0163] The multi-pass connector provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can adjust the output voltage of the first target group string by the first voltage conversion module and control the output voltage of the second target group string by the first switch module, so that the output voltages of the two target group strings can be connected in parallel, thereby solving the problem of mismatching of the output voltages of different target group strings and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the battery group string.

[0164] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a power generation system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 12, the second voltage conversion module 2214 includes a second inductor L2, a second switch tube VT2, a second diode D2 and a second capacitor C2.

[0165] The positive output end of the second bus assembly 223 is connected with the first end of the second inductor L2, the second end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the first end of the second switch tube VT2 and the first end of the second diode D2 respectively, the second end of the second diode D2 is connected with the first end of the second capacitor C2, the positive output end of the first bus assembly 222 and the positive input end of the inverter circuit 23 respectively.

[0166] The negative output end of the second bus assembly 223 is connected with the second end of the second switch tube VT2, the second end of the second capacitor C2, the negative output end of the second bus assembly 223 and the negative input end of the inverter circuit 23 respectively.

[0167] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 12, for example, the first target group string is composed of the power generation units of the perovskite layer, and the second target group string is composed of the power generation units of the crystalline silicon layer. The positive end of the first target group string is connected in parallel through the first positive terminal 2221 in the first bus assembly 222, and the negative end of the second target group string is connected in parallel through the first negative terminal 2222 in the first bus assembly 222; the positive end of the second target group string is connected in parallel through the second positive terminal 2231 in the second bus assembly 223, and the negative end of the second target group string is connected in parallel through the second negative terminal 2232 in the first bus assembly 222. Then, the voltage output from the positive end is collected through the third positive terminal 2241 by the power adjustment circuit and input to the inverter circuit 23, and the voltage output from the negative end is collected through the third negative terminal 2242 and output to the inverter circuit 23.

[0168] As described above, the first target string can be a string composed of perovskite layer power generation units, and the second target string can be a string composed of crystalline silicon layer power generation units. Since the output voltage of the perovskite layer power generation units is higher than that of the crystalline silicon layer power generation units, a boost circuit composed of the second inductor L2, the second switch tube VT2, the second diode D2, and the second capacitor C2 is used to increase the output voltage of the second target string to the same level as that of the first target string by controlling the ratio (i.e., the duty cycle) of the on-off time of the second switch tube VT2 to determine the amplitude of the boosted voltage. The positive electrode of the output voltage of the second target string after the increase is connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the output voltage of the first target string through the third positive electrode joint 2241, and the negative electrode of the output voltage of the second target string after the increase is connected in parallel with the negative electrode of the output voltage of the first target string through the third negative electrode joint 2242, and then output to the inverter 23.

[0169] The second switch tube VT2 can be a triode, such as a MOSFET, an IGBT, or the like.

[0170] When the second switch tube VT2 is in the on state, the second inductor L2 is charged, and at the same time, the second capacitor C2 outputs a voltage to the inverter circuit 23. The second diode D2 is used to prevent the capacitor from discharging to ground. Since the input is a direct current, the current on the second inductor L2 increases linearly at a certain ratio. As the current on the second inductor L2 increases, some energy is stored on the second inductor L2. When the second switch tube VT2 is in the off state, due to the current retention characteristics of the second inductor L2, the current flowing through the second inductor L2 does not immediately become 0, but slowly changes from the value at the end of charging to 0. The original circuit has been disconnected, so the second inductor L2 discharges through the new circuit, i.e., the second inductor L2 starts to charge the second capacitor C2, and the voltage across the second capacitor C2 increases. At this time, the output voltage has already been higher than the input voltage. In this way, the on and off of the second switch tube VT2 can be controlled to control the storage and release of energy of the second inductor L2, thereby achieving the increase and adjustment of the output voltage of the second target string.

[0171] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to FIG. 12, the second switch module 2215 includes a second switch SA2 and a second anti-reverse module, wherein:

[0172] The first end of the second switch SA2 is connected to the positive output end of the first bus assembly 222, the second end of the second switch SA2 is connected to the first end of the second anti-reverse module, the second end of the second anti-reverse module is connected to the positive output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the positive input end of the inverter circuit 23, respectively; and the negative output end of the first bus assembly 222 is connected to the negative output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the negative input end of the inverter circuit 23, respectively.

[0173] It should be noted that the second anti-reverse module can be a device for preventing current from flowing back from the inverter 23 to the photovoltaic string, and can be a diode, a thyristor, an IGBT, a transistor, etc.

[0174] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second switch module 2215 can be connected in series between the first target string and the inverter circuit 23, and the second switch module 2215 includes a second switch SA2 and a fourth diode D4. The second switch SA2 can be an intelligent switch and be selectively turned off based on the control of the aforementioned controller; the fourth diode D4 can be an anti-reverse diode or a transistor such as a MOSFTE or an IGBT, so as to realize the functions of intelligent turn-off and anti-reverse of the second switch module 2215.

[0175] For example, when the output voltage of the first target string is abnormal, the second switch is turned off by the controller. In some optional embodiments, when the output voltage of the first target string is abnormal, the controller can also not control the second switch SA2 to be turned off, but adjust to a current tracking mode, and adjust the output currents of the first target string and the second target string to a target current, so that the output currents of all photovoltaic strings are consistent.

[0176] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a multi-pass connector, which adjusts the output voltage of the second target string by the second voltage conversion module, and controls the output voltage of the first target string by the second switch module, so that the output voltages of the two layers of target strings can be connected in parallel, solves the problem of mismatching of the output voltages of different target strings, and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output efficiency of the photovoltaic string.

[0177] In still another embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an electricity generation system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 13, the multi-pass connector 22 further includes a power tracking module 225.

[0178] The power tracking module 225 is configured to generate a pulse modulation signal based on the output voltage of the to-be-processed string and the target voltage range, and send the pulse modulation signal to at least one voltage conversion module.

[0179] The pulse modulation signal is configured to control the voltage conversion module to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the to-be-processed string.

[0180] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the power tracking module 225 can be a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) solar controller, which can determine the maximum power point corresponding to the target group string, i.e., the maximum value of the product of the output voltage and the output current of the target group string, thereby optimizing the power output of the target group string.

[0181] As shown in FIG. 13, for example, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first target group string is composed of a group string of photovoltaic cells of a perovskite layer, and the second target group string is composed of a group string of photovoltaic cells of a crystalline silicon layer. In the case where the power tracking module 225 is connected between the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the output end of the second target group string, the second target group string can be taken as a group string to be processed, and a pulse modulation signal can be generated and output to the second voltage conversion module 2214 based on the target voltage, the output voltage and the output current of the second target group string through an MPPT algorithm. The pulse modulation signal can be a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. It should be noted that the pulse modulation signal can be sent to the control end of the second switch tube VT2 in the second voltage conversion module 2214, for controlling the conduction or turn-off of the second switch tube VT2.

[0182] Alternatively, based on FIG. 11 in the foregoing embodiments, in the case where the power tracking module 225 is connected between the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the output end of the first target group string, the first target group string can be taken as a group string to be processed, and a pulse modulation signal can be generated and output to the first voltage conversion module 2212 based on the target voltage, the output voltage and the output current of the first target group string through an MPPT algorithm. The pulse modulation signal can be sent to the control end of the first switch tube VT1 in the first voltage conversion module 2212, for controlling the conduction or turn-off of the first switch tube VT1.

[0183] After receiving the pulse modulation signal, the second voltage conversion module 2214 can send the pulse modulation signal to at least one voltage conversion module, so that the voltage conversion module controls the conduction or turn-off of the second switch tube VT2 according to the pulse modulation signal, thereby controlling the output voltage of the second target group string to be raised to the target voltage range.

[0184] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the power tracking module 225 can be at least one, which is connected between the second voltage conversion module 2214 and the first target group string, and / or connected between the first voltage conversion module 2212 and the first target group string.

[0185] The multi-pass connector provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure controls the amplitude of the output voltage of the target group string to be adjusted up or down by the pulse modulation signal output by the power tracking module, so as to realize the optimal adaptation of the output voltage of each target group string, reduce the cost, and improve the output of electric energy.

[0186] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the multi-pass connector 22 can further include a communication module 227 and a collection module 226, wherein:

[0187] The collection module 226 is configured to collect the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group string and send the output parameters of the at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group string to the communication module 227.

[0188] The communication module 227 is configured to receive the output parameters of the at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group string and send the output parameters to the control module.

[0189] In an optional embodiment, the collection module 226 can be connected to the output end of each photovoltaic sub-string in the photovoltaic group string and the output end of the power adjustment circuit, respectively.

[0190] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the output parameters can include output voltage and output current, and the collection module 226 can be a Hall sensor connected to the output end of each photovoltaic sub-string, the output end of the first voltage conversion module 2212, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module 2214, for monitoring the output voltage and output current of each photovoltaic sub-string, i.e., the output electrical parameters of the laminated assembly, and the output voltage and output current of the power adjustment circuit output to the inverter circuit 23, which can include the output voltage and output current adjusted via the first voltage conversion module 2212 or the second voltage conversion module 2214, in real time; in some optional embodiments, based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the collection module 226 can also be connected to the output end of the first switch module 2213, for monitoring the output voltage and output current output to the inverter circuit 23 via the first switch module 2213 in real time; in some optional embodiments, based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the collection module 226 can also be connected to the output end of the first switch module 2213, for monitoring the output voltage and output current output to the inverter circuit 23 via the second switch module 2215 in real time.

[0191] It should be noted that the collection module 226 can also send the collected output voltage, output current, and other output parameters to the control module, so that the control module detects whether the collected output voltage and output current are abnormal, and controls the switch module to be disconnected in time when it is detected that the output voltage and output current are abnormal.

[0192] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication module 227 can be a programmable logic controller (PLC) for receiving the output voltage and output current sent by the acquisition module 226 and sending the output voltage and output current to a display device in the background or a device for viewing by an operator, so that the operator can timely understand the output voltage of each photovoltaic string in the current power generation system 2.

[0193] It should be noted that the control module can be integrated in the above-mentioned controller. The controller can be arranged in the multi-pass connector or outside the multi-pass connector, which is determined according to actual needs.

[0194] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a multi-pass connector, which realizes real-time data monitoring and intelligent diagnosis of the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic string and the output voltage and output current of the power adjustment circuit through the acquisition module and the communication module, and timely feedback of abnormalities, thereby improving the digital level of the overall system and improving the safety.

[0195] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of input ends of the multi-pass connector has a corresponding relationship with the upper limit of current carrying of the multi-pass connector and the output current of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic string.

[0196] FIG. 14 is a flowchart for determining the number of input ports according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 14, the number of input ports of the multi-pass connector can be calculated according to the following steps:

[0197] S301, determining the upper limit of current carrying m according to the model of the photovoltaic cable.

[0198] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the photovoltaic cable can be a cable connected with at least two photovoltaic strings in the multi-pass connector and connected with the inverter circuit.

[0199] S302, determining the maximum output current x of the crystalline silicon layer in the laminated photovoltaic string.

[0200] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum output current x of the crystalline silicon layer can be the output current measured by the second target string corresponding to the crystalline silicon layer under the condition of the maximum irradiance, wherein the crystalline silicon layer can be the second power generation unit, and the laminated photovoltaic string can be the target string.

[0201] S303, determining the maximum output current y of the perovskite layer in the laminated photovoltaic string.

[0202] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the maximum output current y of the perovskite layer can refer to the output current measured by the first target group string corresponding to the perovskite layer under the maximum irradiance, wherein the perovskite layer can refer to the first power generation unit.

[0203] In S304, the maximum output current z=ax+by of the laminated photovoltaic group string is determined.

[0204] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a and b can be preset coefficients greater than 0.1 and less than 1, which are determined according to the environment, and a+b<2 under normal circumstances.

[0205] In S305, the number n of input ports of the multi-pass connector is m / cz.

[0206] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, c is a coefficient greater than 1 and less than 2, which is determined according to the environment.

[0207] In this way, by calculating the ratio (rounded up) of the current carrying upper limit m of the cable, the maximum output current z of the laminated photovoltaic group string, and the coefficient c, the number of multi-pass target group strings that can be connected by the multi-pass connector can be determined, and based on the corresponding relationship between the number of input ports and the number of group strings in the foregoing embodiments, the number of input ports of the multi-pass connector can be determined.

[0208] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a multi-pass connector, which can determine the number of input ports according to the output current of each target group string in the laminated photovoltaic module. In this way, the selection of the laminated module multi-pass connector is defined by a mathematical calculation method, which helps to select a more reasonable number of input ports.

[0209] In still another embodiment of the present disclosure, the operation process of the power generation system 2 is introduced in detail based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 13.

[0210] Due to the characteristics of high voltage and low current of the perovskite laminated module, the current mainstream photovoltaic system based on the crystalline silicon technology does not have a solution to adapt to the access of the perovskite laminated module, and generally adopts a multi-pass connector to parallelly connect multiple photovoltaic sub-strings. For the laminated module, due to the mismatch between different cell layers, a power adjustment circuit needs to be added for adjustment.

[0211] As described above, the power generation units in the same layer of the photovoltaic module are sequentially connected in series to form a photovoltaic sub-string, and the photovoltaic sub-strings of the same cell layer are parallelly connected at the end to form a target group string. The second target group string with lower voltage in at least two target group strings is adjusted in output voltage and output current by a power adjustment circuit, also called a power optimizer, and then boosted to the same output voltage as the first target group string of another higher voltage cell layer. Subsequently, the above two target group strings are parallelly connected, and the whole is parallelly connected at the output end of the multi-pass connector 22 and output to the inverter.

[0212] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, taking the first target group string composed of power generation units of the perovskite layer, the second target group string composed of power generation units of the crystalline silicon layer, and the multi-pass connector 22 being a Y-type connector as an example, the output voltage of the first photovoltaic sub-string in the two target group strings is higher, and after being connected in parallel, one input of the Y-type connector (when more than two strings, a bus can be selected for collection) is connected as the first target group string. Inside the Y-type connector, the input is connected to one input port of the multi-pass connector 22. The input is connected to a switching module composed of a MOSFET or an intelligent switch and a diode. The input voltage monitoring function is matched, and the output voltage reference of the power adjustment circuit is determined based on the output voltage of the first target group string, that is, the target voltage range.

[0213] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the output voltage of the second target sub-string is lower, and after being connected in parallel, the other input of the Y-type connector (when more than two strings, a bus can be selected for collection) is connected as the second target group string. Inside the Y-type connector, the input is connected to the other input port of the power adjustment circuit. The chopper module connected to the input adopts a boost circuit. The voltage amplitude after the boost is determined by controlling the ratio (i.e., the duty cycle) of the on-off time of the second triode (which can be selected as a MOSFET or an IGBT). The output voltage of the second target group string is adjusted to be within the target voltage range, that is, the output voltage of the crystalline silicon layer is increased to be the same as the input voltage of the perovskite. The perovskite layer group string and the crystalline silicon layer group string can be connected in parallel, thereby eliminating the voltage mismatch problem.

[0214] In some embodiments, the chopper module connected to the first target group string can be configured with a power tracking module 225, which can also be referred to as an MPPT module. The MPPT tracking algorithm is built-in. The output PWM control signal is output by collecting the output current and voltage of the first target group string, that is, the perovskite layer, and performing algorithm calculation. Finally, the voltage conversion module, that is, the DC-DC converter, is controlled, thereby realizing the adjustment of the load size and ultimately realizing the maximum power point tracking of the photovoltaic group string.

[0215] In this way, the output of the first photovoltaic sub-string connected in parallel after being adjusted to the same voltage and the output of the second photovoltaic sub-string connected in parallel are connected in parallel again, connected to the inverter 23 as one output of the multi-pass connector 22, the output voltage of the parallel group string is equal to the output voltage of the corresponding target group string of the perovskite layer, and the current is equal to the sum of the output currents of all target group strings, thereby perfectly eliminating the mismatch problem in the principle of the laminated group string, and improving the electrical energy of the inverter. In this way, the existing photovoltaic system can be better adapted, and the system cost is reduced.

[0216] In some embodiments, a smart switch can be selectively connected between the positive electrode of the first target group string and the diode, serving the purpose of selective shutdown. When the perovskite layer is considered to be abnormal through voltage and current detection, the smart switch is turned off, at which time the second target group string's chopper module output voltage no longer tracks the crystalline silicon layer output voltage, but is adjusted to a current tracking mode, with the current amplitude set to a certain constant reference value, and the current of the entire group string remains consistent.

[0217] In some embodiments, a communication module, i.e., a PLC communication module, can be configured in the multi-pass connector 22 to monitor the voltage, current, and other data in real time and timely feedback abnormal operation.

[0218] In this way, after the laminated perovskite assembly is connected in parallel with the same battery layer group string, a number of second photovoltaic sub-strings with low voltage are connected in parallel to form a second target group string, which is adjusted by a power adjustment circuit to be connected in parallel with a first target group string with high voltage, and then output to the inverter together. This not only improves the input power of a single inverter interface and reduces the BOS (Business Operations-based Costing System) cost of the system, but also solves the mismatching problem between different battery layers of the laminated photovoltaic group string, greatly improving the output efficiency of the photovoltaic group string, and effectively integrating the current multi-pass connector 22, thereby widening the application range of the multi-pass connector 22.

[0219] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a power generation system, which combines a power optimizer with a multi-pass connector to realize parallel output of multiple laminated group strings, thereby solving the capacity problem of low current requiring multiple parallel connections and eliminating the mismatching problem between different battery layers of the laminated assembly, greatly improving the system efficiency and economy.

[0220] Those skilled in the art can appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in the present disclosure can be realized by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present disclosure.

[0221] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0222] It should be noted that in the present disclosure, the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements, but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0223] The above-mentioned sequence numbers of the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0224] The methods disclosed in several method embodiments provided by the present disclosure can be combined arbitrarily without conflict to obtain new method embodiments.

[0225] The features disclosed in several product embodiments provided by the present disclosure can be combined arbitrarily without conflict to obtain new product embodiments.

[0226] The features disclosed in several method or device embodiments provided by the present disclosure can be combined arbitrarily without conflict to obtain new method or device embodiments.

[0227] The above-mentioned is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A multi-pass connector, comprising at least two inputs, a power adjustment circuit and an output, the at least two inputs of the multi-pass connector being connected with at least two photovoltaic strings, the output of the multi-pass connector being connected with an inverter circuit; the photovoltaic string comprises at least two photovoltaic sub-strings, the photovoltaic sub-string comprises at least one power generation unit connected in series, and the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages in a preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic strings are connected in parallel to obtain at least two target strings; wherein: the power adjustment circuit comprises at least one voltage conversion module, the at least one voltage conversion module is used for voltage conversion on the output voltage of a to-be-processed string, so that the output voltages of the at least two target strings are all in a target voltage range; wherein, the to-be-processed string is one or more target strings in the at least two target strings with output voltages outside the target voltage range.

2. The multi-pass connector of claim 1, wherein, The multi-pass connector further comprises at least two current collection components, the current collection component is used for connecting the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages in a preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic strings in parallel; wherein: the input end of the current collection component is connected with the photovoltaic sub-string with the output voltage in the preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the current collection component is connected with the input end of the power adjustment circuit.

3. The multi-pass connector of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The at least two current collection components comprise a first current collection component and a second current collection component, wherein: the first current collection component is used for connecting the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages in a first preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic strings in parallel; the second current collection component is used for connecting the photovoltaic sub-strings with output voltages in a second preset voltage range in the at least two photovoltaic strings in parallel.

4. The multi-pass connector of claim 3, wherein, The photovoltaic string comprises a first photovoltaic sub-string and a second photovoltaic sub-string, the first photovoltaic sub-string comprises at least one first power generation unit connected in series, the second photovoltaic sub-string comprises at least one second power generation unit connected in series, and the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit have different band gaps; wherein: the input end of the first current collection component is connected with the first photovoltaic sub-string in the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the first current collection component is connected with the input end of the inverter circuit; the input end of the second current collection component is connected with the second photovoltaic sub-string in the at least two photovoltaic strings, and the output end of the second current collection component is connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

5. The multiway connector of claim 4, wherein, The at least one voltage conversion module comprises a first voltage conversion module, wherein: the output end of the first current collection component is connected with the input end of the first voltage conversion module, the output end of the second current collection component is connected with the output end of the first voltage conversion module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is also connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

6. The multiway connector of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The multi-pass connector further comprises a first switch module, wherein: The output end of the second bus assembly is connected with the input end of the first switch module, the output end of the first voltage conversion module is connected with the output end of the first switch module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is also connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

7. The multi-pass connector of claim 4, wherein, The at least one voltage conversion module comprises a second voltage conversion module, wherein: The output end of the second bus assembly is connected with the input end of the second voltage conversion module, the output end of the first bus assembly is connected with the output end of the second voltage conversion module, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module is also connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

8. The multi-pass connector of claim 7, wherein, The multi-pass connector further comprises a second switch module, wherein: The output end of the first bus assembly is connected with the input end of the second switch module, the output end of the second voltage conversion module is connected with the output end of the second switch module, and the output end of the second voltage conversion module is also connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

9. The multi-pass connector of claim 4, wherein, The at least one voltage conversion module comprises a first voltage conversion module and a second voltage conversion module, wherein: The output end of the first bus assembly is connected with the input end of the first voltage conversion module, the output end of the second bus assembly is connected with the input end of the second voltage conversion module, the output end of the first voltage conversion module is connected with the output end of the second voltage conversion module, and the output end of the first voltage conversion module is also connected with the input end of the inverter circuit.

10. The multi-pass connector of claim 5 or 9, wherein, The first voltage conversion module comprises a first switch tube, a first diode, a first inductor and a first capacitor, wherein: The positive output end of the first bus assembly is connected with the first end of the first switch tube, the second end of the first switch tube is connected with the first end of the first diode and the first end of the first inductor respectively, the second end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the first capacitor, the positive output end of the second bus assembly and the positive input end of the inverter circuit respectively; The negative output end of the first bus assembly is connected with the second end of the first diode, the second end of the first capacitor, the negative output end of the second bus assembly and the negative input end of the inverter circuit respectively.

11. The multi-pass connector of claim 7 or 9, wherein, The second voltage conversion module comprises a second inductor, a second switch tube, a second diode and a second capacitor, wherein: The positive output end of the second bus assembly is connected with the first end of the second inductor, the second end of the second inductor is connected with the first end of the second switch tube and the first end of the second diode respectively, the second end of the second diode is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, the positive output end of the first bus assembly and the positive input end of the inverter circuit respectively; The negative output end of the second bus assembly is connected with the second end of the second switch tube, the second end of the second capacitor, the negative output end of the second bus assembly and the negative input end of the inverter circuit respectively.

12. The multi-pass connector of claim 6, wherein, The first switch module comprises a first switch and a first anti-reverse module, wherein: The first end of the first switch is connected with the positive output end of the second bus assembly, the second end of the first switch is connected with the first end of the first anti-reverse module, the second end of the first anti-reverse module is connected with the positive output end of the first voltage conversion module and the positive input end of the inverter circuit respectively; the negative output end of the second bus assembly is connected with the negative output end of the first voltage conversion module and the negative input end of the inverter circuit respectively.

13. The multi-pass connector of claim 8, wherein, The second switch module comprises a second switch and a second anti-reverse module, wherein: The first end of the second switch is connected with the positive output end of the first bus assembly, the second end of the second switch is connected with the first end of the second anti-reverse module, the second end of the second anti-reverse module is connected with the positive output end of the second voltage conversion module and the positive input end of the inverter circuit respectively; the negative output end of the first bus assembly is connected with the negative output end of the second voltage conversion module and the negative input end of the inverter circuit respectively.

14. The multi-pass connector of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, The multi-pass connector further comprises a power tracking module, wherein: The power tracking module is configured to generate a pulse modulation signal based on the output voltage of the group of strings to be processed and the target voltage range, and send the pulse modulation signal to the at least one voltage conversion module; wherein the pulse modulation signal is used to control the voltage conversion module to convert the output voltage of the group of strings to be processed.

15. The multi-pass connector of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, The multi-pass connector further comprises an acquisition module, wherein: The acquisition module is configured to acquire the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group of strings, and send the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group of strings to the communication module.

16. The multi-pass connector of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein, The multi-pass connector further comprises a communication module, wherein: The communication module is configured to receive the output parameters of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group of strings and send them to the control module.

17. The multi-pass connector of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein, The number of input ends of the multi-pass connector has a corresponding relationship with the upper limit value of current carrying capacity of the multi-pass connector and the output current of at least two photovoltaic sub-strings in the photovoltaic group of strings.

18. A power generation system comprising at least two strings of photovoltaic modules, an inverter circuit and a multi-pass connector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17; wherein, At least two input ends of the multi-pass connector are connected with the at least two photovoltaic group of strings, and the output end of the multi-pass connector is connected with the inverter circuit.

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