Device for dispensing viscous material

Abstract

The invention relates to a fragmentation device for the minimally invasive fragmentation of tissue, comprising: a hollow-cylindrical tube; a cutting tool rotatably received in the region of a distal suction opening of the hollow-cylindrical tube; a handpiece for holding and guiding the fragmentation device; a drive arranged in the handpiece for generating a rotational movement of the cutting tool; and a coupling for establishing a reversible connection between the handpiece and the hollow-cylindrical tube, wherein the coupling comprises a coupling sleeve arranged on the handpiece and a coupling pin arranged at the proximal end of the hollow-cylindrical tube. The aim of the invention is to provide an improved fragmentation device. For this purpose, the invention proposes that the coupling pin (5) has at least two locking projections (6) which project radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the hollow-cylindrical tube (1), are mutually spaced in the circumferential direction, and engage corresponding locking recesses (7) of the coupling sleeve (4), as a result of which the hollow-cylindrical tube (1) can be connected to the handpiece (2) in exactly one position.

Description

[0001] Device for spreading thick material

[0002] The invention relates to a device for spreading thick sludge, comprising at least one spreading device, at least one metering device for adding additives to the thick sludge to be spread by means of the spreading device, wherein the metering device has a metering pump for metering the additive, wherein the metering pump is driven by a hydraulic motor of the metering device, at least one hydraulically driven two-cylinder piston thick sludge pump with two hydraulic drive cylinders, wherein the two-cylinder piston thick sludge pump conveys the thick sludge to be spread to the spreading device, and at least one open hydraulic circuit with at least one hydraulic pump, at least one hydraulic tank and at least one valve control block.wherein the hydraulic pump alternately supplies the hydraulic drive cylinders for driving the two-cylinder piston thick-fuel pump via the valve control block with hydraulic oil from the hydraulic tank by means of a supply line of the hydraulic circuit, wherein, conversely, hydraulic oil from the hydraulic drive cylinders is alternately returned to the hydraulic tank via the valve control block by means of a return line of the hydraulic circuit.

[0003] Such a device is known from WO 97 / 40969 A1. A disadvantage of the described solution is that the hydraulic motor for driving the metering pump is driven by the rod-side hydraulic oil from the rocker oil line of the two hydraulic drive cylinders. Due to the power of modern hydraulic systems, the hydraulic oil in the rocker oil line heats up considerably. This effect is further intensified by the valve arrangement for straightening the hydraulic flow, through which the hydraulic oil is forced, so that the problem arises that the hydraulic motor can overheat and be damaged.

[0004] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved device that enables efficient, error-free and uniform dosing of additives and interrupts the dosing in accordance with the switching of the valve control block.

[0005] This problem is solved by a device having the features of claim 1.

[0006] By driving the hydraulic motor for the metering pump with the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic tank to the hydraulic drive cylinders or with the hydraulic oil returned from the hydraulic drive cylinders to the hydraulic tank, the device can be improved and offers an efficient, error-free and uniform metering of additives, and the metering of additives is interrupted in accordance with the switching of the valve control block.

[0007] Devices for applying viscous aggregate are frequently used in tunnel construction and mining for backfilling and support purposes. Here, the viscous aggregate is primarily shotcrete, conveyed to the installation site via a closed pipeline. There, it is pneumatically applied from a shotcrete nozzle and compacted by the impact energy. The concrete mix largely corresponds to that of normal concrete. Additives are added to the concrete during the spraying process to control the properties of the shotcrete. These additives primarily include setting accelerators, which increase the early strength, allowing the shotcrete to harden at least partially after impact. Other additives for shotcrete include superplasticizers, sealants, retarders, and stabilizers.

[0008] The optimal dosage of the setting accelerator as an additive is crucial for its application. Inadequate dosage, whether over- or under-dosing, can lead to reduced concrete strength, slower curing, or decreased water impermeability. This can compromise the quality of the applied shotcrete. Furthermore, overdosing the setting accelerator results in increased costs.

[0009] Setting accelerators are additives that accelerate the setting time, thus reducing the setting process. A distinction is made between alkaline (aluminate- or silicate-based) and alkali-free setting accelerators. Typical products contain alkali carbonates (potassium carbonate), alkali hydroxides, or alkali aluminates as active ingredients. The addition of setting accelerators shortens the setting time of shotcrete and increases its early strength. Consequently, subsequent layers can be applied more quickly and in thicker layers. In large-scale construction projects, setting accelerators significantly contribute to increased production capacity. The use of setting accelerators proves particularly advantageous in tunnel construction, as it ensures rapid section formation, high early strength, and watertightness.

[0010] In the conveying line of the application device, a lubricant can also be added as an additive via the metering device to improve the conveyability of a thick substance that is difficult to convey.

[0011] For example, in the case of sewage sludge in a thickened form, additives can be added to accelerate processes for the utilization / recycling of the sewage sludge, for example to bring about or accelerate biological and / or chemical processes, by dosing the additive via the conveying line or directly at the outlet of the conveying line.

[0012] Even in a 3D printing device using concrete as the viscous material to be applied, additives can be added to the concrete via the metering device through the delivery line or at a print head located at the end of the delivery line.

[0013] Each time the device's valve control block alternately connects the device's hydraulic drive cylinders to the supply or discharge line, there is a brief interruption in the delivery of viscous material by the two-cylinder piston viscous material pump. Without appropriate measures, local overdosing of the additive will occur when the viscous material is applied with the application device, as the delivery is interrupted during the valve control block switching.

[0014] By driving the hydraulic motor to drive the metering pump using hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic tank to the hydraulic drive cylinders, or using hydraulic oil returned from the hydraulic drive cylinders to the hydraulic tank, the metering of additives can be very easily interrupted in sync with the switching of the valve control block. This allows for very simple synchronization between the switching of the valve control block and the shutdown of the metering pump. With the device according to the invention, the supply of the additive is synchronized with the delivery of the additive without the need for separate control of the additive delivery.Overheating of the hydraulic motor in the supply line or the outlet can be prevented because the hydraulic oil used to drive the hydraulic motor is taken from the hydraulic tank of the hydraulic circuit by the hydraulic pump of the open hydraulic circuit and returned there.

[0015] Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims. It should be noted that the features listed individually in the claims can also be combined with one another in any technologically meaningful way, thus revealing further embodiments of the invention.

[0016] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic motor is arranged in the line downstream of the valve control block and upstream of the hydraulic tank. From the valve control block, the hydraulic oil for driving the hydraulic actuator cylinders typically flows continuously, interrupted only by the brief switching phases, back into the hydraulic tank via the line. The hydraulic motor, which drives the metering pump for adding the additive, is preferably integrated into this line. The metering pump delivers the additive to the dispensing device, from which it is discharged together with the viscous material and the pressurized water also supplied to the dispensing device.

[0017] A particularly preferred embodiment provides that, during the alternating switching of the valve control block, the hydraulic motor is brought to a periodic standstill by interrupting the return of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic drive cylinders back to the hydraulic tank. This standstill interrupts the metering of additive by the metering pump during the switching of the valve control block. As a result of the switching of the valve control block, the metering of the additive is simply interrupted, since no hydraulic oil flows back into the hydraulic tank during this period, and thus the hydraulic motor of the metering device is also stationary. It should be noted in this regard that a reduction in the delivery rate of the two-cylinder piston high-viscosity pump also leads to a reduction in the delivery rate.Consequently, with a reduced delivery rate, less hydraulic oil flows back via the drain, resulting in a slowdown of the hydraulic motor for driving the metering pump.

[0018] A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention relates to the hydraulic motor being arranged in the supply line upstream of the valve control block and downstream of the hydraulic pump. From the hydraulic tank, the hydraulic oil for driving the hydraulic drive cylinders is supplied by the hydraulic pump, usually continuously, interrupted only by the short switching phases, via the supply line into the hydraulic drive cylinders. Advantageously, the hydraulic motor is integrated into this supply line and drives the metering pump for adding the additive. The metering pump delivers the additive to the dispensing device, from which it is discharged together with the viscous material and compressed air also supplied to the dispensing device.

[0019] A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that, during the alternating switching of the valve control block, the hydraulic motor is brought to a periodic standstill by interrupting the supply of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic tank to the hydraulic drive cylinders. This standstill interrupts the metering of additive by the metering pump during the switching of the valve control block. As a result of the switching of the valve control block, the metering of the additive is simply interrupted because no hydraulic oil is pumped from the hydraulic tank by the hydraulic pump during this period, and thus the hydraulic motor of the metering device is also stationary. It should be noted that a reduction in the delivery rate of the two-cylinder piston high-viscosity pump also leads to a reduction in the delivery rate of the metering pump.Consequently, with a reduced delivery rate, less hydraulic oil flows through the supply line to the hydraulic drive cylinders, resulting in a slowdown of the hydraulic motor for driving the metering pump.

[0020] A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention relates to the fact that the hydraulic motor can be bypassed via a bypass in the discharge or supply line in order to switch off the metering pump. This allows the metering of additives to be easily deactivated.

[0021] An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the quantity of additive metered by the metering pump can be adjusted via the control of the hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor responsible for driving the metering pump can preferably be designed as a variable-speed axial piston motor. This means that the delivery rate of the metering pump can be adjusted by manually or automatically controlling the axial piston motor, i.e., by changing the speed of the hydraulic motor in relation to the hydraulic oil flowing through the supply or discharge line. The delivery rate of the metering pump could, for example, also be automatically adjusted depending on the application direction of the application device. Currently, manual adjustment of the delivery rate, optionally via remote control, is provided.Furthermore, the amount of added additive can be adjusted to the delivery rate of the two-cylinder piston thick substance pump, and the ratio of thick substance to additive can be easily changed by controlling the hydraulic motor.

[0022] A particularly advantageous embodiment provides that the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic tank can be cooled via a cooling circuit of the device. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic tank is kept at a low temperature by means of suitable cooling, thus reliably preventing overheating of the hydraulic components, especially the hydraulic motor.

[0023] An advantageous embodiment provides that the metering pump draws the additive from an additive tank of the device and delivers it to the application device via an additive line. The separate supply of additive from the additive tank to the application device allows for simple metering of the sprayed quantity.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additive, which is conveyed to the application device via the additive line, is atomized and sprayed at the application device by means of compressed air. The atomization of the additive conveyed to the application device results in a uniform distribution of the additive when the viscous material is applied by means of the device.

[0025] A particularly advantageous embodiment provides that the hydraulic motor drives the metering pump depending on the amount of hydraulic oil delivered by the hydraulic pump. Thus, a reduction in the delivery rate of the two-cylinder piston thick-sludge pump also leads to a reduction in the delivery rate of the additive. Conversely, an increase in the delivery rate of the two-cylinder piston thick-sludge pump also leads to an increase in the delivery rate of the additive. A particularly advantageous embodiment provides that the application device includes a shotcrete nozzle, wherein the device is configured to spray shotcrete as the thick-sludge material to be applied, and wherein the metering device is configured to meter a setting accelerator as an additive. In this way, optimal metering of setting accelerator as an additive to the shotcrete as a thick-sludge material can be achieved simply.

[0026] Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and from the drawing, which shows an embodiment of the invention. It shows:

[0027] Figure 1 shows the device according to the invention.

[0028] Figure 1, designated by reference numeral 1, schematically illustrates a device according to the invention. The device 1 serves for the application of shotcrete as a viscous material and, for this purpose, has a shotcrete nozzle 2 as part of the application device. The device also includes a metering unit 3 for adding setting accelerator as an additive to the shotcrete to be applied via the shotcrete nozzle 2. The metering unit 3 has a metering pump 4 for adding the setting accelerator. This metering pump 4 is driven by a hydraulic motor 5 of the metering unit 3. The device 1 has a hydraulically driven two-cylinder piston viscous material pump 6 with two hydraulic drive cylinders 7 and 8. The two-cylinder piston viscous material pump 6 conveys the shotcrete to be applied via a delivery line 9 of the application device to the shotcrete nozzle 2.Furthermore, the device 1 has an open hydraulic circuit 10 with at least one hydraulic pump 11. The open hydraulic circuit 10 also includes a hydraulic tank 12 for hydraulic oil. In addition, the hydraulic circuit 10 is equipped with a valve control block 13. The hydraulic pump 11 supplies the hydraulic drive cylinders 7, 8 for driving the two-cylinder piston viscous fluid pump 6 alternately with hydraulic oil from the hydraulic tank 12 via a supply line 14 of the hydraulic circuit 10, via the valve control block 13. Conversely, hydraulic oil from the hydraulic drive cylinders 7, 8 is alternately returned to the hydraulic tank 12 via the valve control block 13 and a line 15 of the hydraulic circuit 10.According to the invention, the hydraulic motor 5 for driving the metering pump 4 is driven by the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic tank 12 to the hydraulic drive cylinders 7, 8 or by the hydraulic oil returned from the hydraulic drive cylinders 7, 8 to the hydraulic tank 12. This enables the device 1 to provide efficient, reliable, and uniform metering of setting accelerator as an additive, and the metering of setting accelerator is interrupted in accordance with the switching of the valve control block. Each time the valve control block 13 of the device 1 alternately connects the hydraulic drive cylinders 7, 8 of the device 1 to the supply line 14 or the outlet 15, the delivery of shotcrete by the two-cylinder viscous pump 6 is briefly interrupted, during which time the hydraulic motor 5 is stationary and does not drive the metering pump 4.Thus, when the valve control block 13 is switched, the addition of setting accelerator is regularly and appropriately interrupted to the interruption of the concrete delivery.

[0029] In the embodiment shown, the hydraulic motor 5 is arranged in the line 15 downstream of the valve control block 13 and upstream of the hydraulic tank 12. The hydraulic oil for driving the hydraulic drive cylinders 7, 8 typically flows continuously from the valve control block 13 via the line 15 back into the hydraulic tank 12, interrupted only by the brief switching phases. The hydraulic motor 5 can be bypassed via a bypass 16 in the line 15 to switch off the metering pump 4. In this way, the metering of setting accelerator as an additive can be easily deactivated. The amount of setting accelerator metered by the metering pump 4 can be adjusted via the control of the hydraulic motor 5. Another possibility would be to adjust the delivery rate of the metering pump 4 depending on the application direction of the shotcrete nozzle 2 of the application device.Manual adjustment of the setting accelerator's delivery rate is also provided, and remote control is possible. Furthermore, the amount of setting accelerator added can be adjusted to the delivery rate of the two-cylinder piston slurry pump 6. The ratio of concrete to setting accelerator can also be easily modified by changing the control of the hydraulic motor 5. The hydraulic oil is cooled via a cooling circuit 17 of the device 1. This keeps it at a low temperature, reliably preventing overheating of the hydraulic components, especially the hydraulic motor 5. The metering pump 4 draws the setting accelerator from an additive tank 18, and the accelerator is then conveyed to the shotcrete nozzle 2 via an additive line 19.The atomization of the setting accelerator, which is fed to the shotcrete nozzle 2, results in a uniform distribution of the setting accelerator during the application of the shotcrete by the device 1. For this purpose, the device has a compressor 20 and a compressed air tank 21. The shotcrete is also atomized by the compressed air. The hydraulic motor 5 advantageously drives the metering pump 4 depending on the quantity of hydraulic oil delivered by the hydraulic pump 11. A reduction in the delivery rate of the two-cylinder piston high-viscosity pump 6 consequently leads to a reduction in the delivery rate of the setting accelerator. Conversely, an increase in the delivery rate of the two-cylinder piston high-viscosity pump 6 results in an increase in the delivery rate of the setting accelerator.

[0030] Reference symbol list

[0031] 1 Device

[0032] 2 Dispensing device (shotcrete nozzle) 3 Metering device

[0033] 4 Dosing pump

[0034] 5 Hydraulic motor

[0035] 6 Two-cylinder piston thick fuel pump

[0036] 7 First hydraulic drive cylinder 8 Second hydraulic drive cylinder

[0037] 9. Conveyor line of the dispensing device

[0038] 10 Hydraulic circuit

[0039] 11 Hydraulic pump

[0040] 12 Hydraulic tank 13 Valve control block

[0041] 14 Inlet 15 Outlet

[0042] 16 Bypass

[0043] 17 Cooling circuit

[0044] 18 Additive tank 19 Additive line

[0045] 20 Compressor

[0046] 21 Compressed air tank

Claims

Patent claims 1. Device (1) for applying viscous material, comprising at least one application device (2, 9), at least one metering device (3) for adding additives to the viscous material to be applied by means of the application device (2, 9), wherein the metering device (3) has a metering pump (4) for metering the additive, wherein the metering pump (4) is driven by a hydraulic motor (5) of the metering device (3), at least one hydraulically driven two-cylinder piston viscous material pump (6) with two hydraulic drive cylinders (7, 8), wherein the two-cylinder piston viscous material pump (6) delivers the viscous material to be applied to the application device (2, 9), and at least one open hydraulic circuit (10) with at least one hydraulic pump (11), at least one hydraulic tank (12) and at least one valve control block (13), wherein the hydraulic pump (11) drives the hydraulic drive cylinders (7, 8).8) to drive the two-cylinder piston high-viscosity pump (6) via the valve control block (13) alternately supplied with hydraulic oil from the hydraulic tank (12) by means of a supply line (14) of the hydraulic circuit (10), wherein, conversely, hydraulic oil from the hydraulic drive cylinders (7, 8) is alternately returned to the hydraulic tank (12) via the valve control block (13) by means of a return line (15) of the hydraulic circuit (10), characterized in that the hydraulic motor (5) for driving the metering pump (4) is driven by the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic tank (12) to the hydraulic drive cylinders (7, 8) or by the hydraulic oil returned from the hydraulic drive cylinders (7, 8) to the hydraulic tank (12).

2. Device (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the hydraulic motor (5) is arranged in the downstream section (15) of the valve control block (13) and upstream of the hydraulic tank (12).

3. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic motor (5) is brought to a periodic standstill by interrupting the return of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic drive cylinders (7, 8) back into the hydraulic tank (12) when the valve control block (13) is alternately switched, which interrupts the metering of additive by the metering pump (4) when the valve control block (13) is switched.

4. Device (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the hydraulic motor (5) is arranged in the supply line (14) upstream of the valve control block (13) and downstream of the hydraulic pump (11 ).

5. Device (1 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the hydraulic motor (5) is brought to a periodic standstill by interrupting the supply of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic tank (12) to the hydraulic drive cylinders (7, 8) when the valve control block (13) is alternately switched, which interrupts the metering of additive by the metering pump (4) when the valve control block (13) is switched.

6. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic motor (5) can be bypassed via a bypass (16) of the supply line (14) or the outlet (15) in order to switch off the metering pump (4).

7. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quantity of the additive metered by the metering pump (4) is adjustable via the control of the hydraulic motor (5).

8. Device (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic tank (12) can be cooled via a cooling circuit (17) of the device (1 ).

9. Device (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metering pump (4) draws the additive from an additive tank (18) of the device (1 ) and delivers it via an additive line (19) of the device (1 ) to the application device (2, 9).

10. Device (1 ) according to claim 9, characterized in that the additive supplied via the additive line (19) to the application device (2, 9) is atomized and sprayed at the application device (2, 9) by means of compressed air.

11. Device (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic motor (5) drives the metering pump (4) depending on the quantity of hydraulic oil delivered by the hydraulic pump (11 ).

12. Device (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the application device comprises a shotcrete nozzle (2), wherein the device (1 ) is configured to spray a shotcrete as the viscous material to be applied, wherein the metering device (3) is configured to meter a setting accelerator as an additive.

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