Windmotor and method for its operating

Abstract

The invention relates to wind energy devices for converting kinetic energy of air into usable energy and methods for their operating. The windmotor comprises at least one propeller-type rotor (3, 3.1, 3.2) mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis. The propeller-type rotor has a shaft (4, 4.1) and at least one propeller blade (5, 5.1, 5.2) connected at one end to the shaft and configured to convert kinetic energy of a wind flow into mechanical rotational energy of the shaft. The windmotor further comprises at least one device (6) for spraying a fluid and / or a vapor, at least one heating device (10) interacting with the fluid and / or said spraying device, and at least one cooling device (13, 13.1) arranged downstream of the propeller-type rotor in the wind flow direction and configured to interact with the wind flow. The method includes the steps of heating the fluid, spraying the fluid and / or the vapor in the wind flow, cooling this wind flow. The configuration of the windmotor and the method for its operating improve operation under low wind conditions.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Title Of Invention: WINDMOTOR AND METHOD FOR ITS OPERATING

[0003] Technical Field

[0004] The present invention relates to the field of energetics, in particular to wind energetics, specifically to devices for converting the kinetic energy of air mass movement in the atmosphere into electrical, mechanical, thermal or any other form of energy suitable for use.

[0005] Background Art

[0006] The closest to the claimed technical solution in terms of technical essence and the resulting technical result is the method described in: Wind turbine capacity improvement system (patent RU2532077C2 from 27.10.2014, Int el. F01 D 9 / 00), in which fluid is sprayed in front of the windmotor rotor.

[0007] This method has some significant drawbacks.

[0008] A major disadvantage is that in any of the variant embodiments described by the invention, introducing fluid medium into the air flow requires expenditure of kinetic energy. This energy will be spent on overcoming air resistance in the wind flow as the injected fluid will replace the air in the wind flow displacing the air to the outer limits of the rotor, also on overcoming viscous friction at the boundary of the flows and on overcoming gravitational forces Upon reaching the rotor propeller blades, the kinetic energy of the two streams of air flow and fluid input flow are converted into torque forces on the rotor shaft. According to Betz's law, a windmotor can take no more than 59.3% of the power of the air flow falling on it. Thus, taking into account the above and the law of conservation of energy, kinetic energy expenditure of the injected fluid medium in interaction with the surrounding wind flow and considering that to return to the system, according to the law of Betz, we can return no more than 59.3% of the energy spent to create the injected fluid medium in the air flow and reducing the area of interaction between the surrounding wind flow and the rotor, the increase in performance of the windmotor will be equal to zero or will have a negative effect.

[0009] The device is closest to the claimed technical solution in terms of technical essence and resulting technical solution: Wind turbine capacity improvement system (patent RU2532077C2 from 27.10.2014, Int. cl. F01 D 9 / 00), contains at least one propeller-type rotor mounted with the possibility of rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation of the rotor, the rotor has a shaft and at least one propeller blade connect -ed at one end to the shaft of the rotor, and made with the possibility of converting the kinetic energy of wind flow into mechanical energy of rotation of the shaft of the rotor, at least one fluid and / or fluid vapor spraying device, made with the possibility of spraying fluid and / or fluid vapor in a wind flow, in front of the at least one rotor, at least one fluid delivery device made with the possibility of interaction with the fluid spraying device.

[0010] This device has a number of significant disadvantages.

[0011] A major disadvantage is that in any of the variants of the described invention, introducing fluid medium into the air flow requires expenditure of kinetic energy. This energy will be used to overcome the air resistance in the wind flow as the injected fluid will replace the air in the wind flow displacing the air, also to overcome the viscous friction at the boundary of the flows and to overcome the gravitational forces. Upon reaching the propeller blades of the rotor, the kinetic energy of the two streams of air flow and the injected fluid medium are converted into torque forces on the shaft of the rotor. According to Betz's law, a wind turbine can take no more than 59.3% of the power of the air flow falling on it. Thus, taking into account the above and the law of conservation of energy, kinetic energy expenditure of the injected fluid medium in interaction with the surrounding wind flow and considering that to return to the system, according to the law of Betz, we can return no more than 59.3% of the energy spent to create the injected fluid medium in the air flow and reducing the area of interaction between the surrounding wind flow and the rotor, the increase in performance of the windmotor will be equal to zero or will have a negative effect.

[0012] Summary of Invention

[0013] Technical Problem

[0014] The present invention is based on the task to create a method and a device allowing to increase the performance of a windmotor and to eliminate the identified disadvantages in the prototypes and analogs of the invention.

[0015] Solution to Problem

[0016] The problem is solved by a method of improving performance of a windmotor, wherein a fluid is sprayed in front of a rotor of the windmotor, which, according to the invention, includes the steps of, heating the fluid above an air temperature of the wind flow, spraying the heated fluid and / or fluid vapor in the air in front of the windmotor rotor in the wind flow direction, and cooling the wind flow, or a portion of the wind flow, in a plane of rotation of the at least one rotor and / or after the at least one rotor in the wind flow direction.

[0017] Advantageous Effects of Invention

[0018] This method will allow the formation of an independent dome-shaped fairing in front of the rotor, comprising a mixture of air and droplets and / or fluid vapor sprayed in the wind flow. The sprayed fluid and / or fluid vapor, forming a dome-shaped fairing, partially extrudes wind flow from the central region of the rotor to the outer edge of the rotor. Thus, increasing the wind flow velocity at the outer edge of the rotor that, will lead to an increase in the torque forces on the shaft of the rotor and increase the performance of the windmotor as a whole.

[0019] Abrupt cooling of the air in the wind flow or part thereof, in the plane of rotation of the at least one rotor and / or after the at least one rotor along the wind flow direction will decrease the volume of cooled air in the wind flow and decrease the pressure in the wind flow, increase the pressure difference between before the rotor and after the rotor and result in an increase in the amount of air flowing through the rotor and consequently result in an increase in the performance of the windmotor as a whole.

[0020] It will allow to create a temporary, not connected with the windmotor fairing from a mixture of heated fluid splashes and / or fluid vapor and air, does not require additional production capacity and costs for structural materials for the manufacture of the windmotor, and does not require additional time and personnel for the manufacture of a stationary fairing, which will simplify the design of the windmotor, reduce the weight of the windmotor, simplify the installation and maintenance of the windmotor.

[0021] This distinction allows windmotor to be used in regions of the earth where wind speeds are lower than necessary for industrial power applications.

[0022] It will also improve the safety of the windmotor for the environment, particularly birds, by illuminating the water mist or creating three-dimensional holographic images in the water mist, which can also be used commercially as a billboard.

[0023] Also, this distinction will prevent the propeller blades from freezing.

[0024] An expedient variant of the method realization is the variant wherein the wind flow or a portion thereof is cooled to or below the dew point temperature.

[0025] Such a difference will allow to separate and remove fluid vapors from the air of the wind flow and significantly reduce the temperature of the air in the wind flow that will lead to a sharp decrease in density, mass and volume of air that in turn will lead to a decrease in pressure in the wind flow and increase the speed of the wind flow according to Bernoulli's law. Increasing the air pressure difference in the wind flow before the rotor and after the rotor will increase the amount of air flowing through the rotor, resulting in an increase in windmotor performance.

[0026] Advantageous is the variant of realization of the method, wherein the fluid is heated by means of a heat pump made with the possibility of taking heat energy in the wind flow cooling zone and transferring the heat energy to the fluid heating zone.

[0027] This distinction will allow for an energy efficient system, where the thermal energy used to increase the performance of the windmotor after performing a given work is returned to the initial step of the process, and reused, which also leads to increased windmotor performance and reduced energy costs.

[0028] Also, the task at hand is solved with the help of windmotor “Duck”, contains at least one propeller-type rotor mounted with the possibility of rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation of the rotor, the rotor has a shaft and at least one propeller blade connected at one end to the shaft of the rotor, and made with the possibility of converting the kinetic energy of wind flow into mechanical energy of rotation of the shaft of the rotor, at least one fluid and / or fluid vapor spraying device, made with the possibility of spraying fluid and / or fluid vapor in a wind flow, in front of the at least one rotor, at least one fluid delivery device made with the possibility of interaction with the fluid spraying device, which according to the invention has, at least one heating device made with the possibility of interaction with the fluid and / or at least one spraying device, and also has at least one cooling device made in the form of at least one surface or part of the surface of the at least one propeller blade, the at least one rotor, and / or made with the possibility of interaction with the at least one surface or part of the surface of the at least one propeller blade, the at least one rotor, and / or the at least one cooling device is made, after, at least one rotor along the wind flow direction, with the possibility of interaction with the wind flow.

[0029] Advantageous Effects of Invention

[0030] This device will increase the performance of the windmotor by increasing the velocity of wind flow in front of the rotor due to the formation of a dome-shaped fairing consisting of a mixture of splashes of heated fluid and / or fluid vapor and air that will allow redirecting the airflow with an increase in linear velocity from the center of the rotor to the outer edge of the rotor that will increase the torque of forces on the shaft of the rotor.

[0031] Abrupt cooling of air and / or fluid vapor in the wind flow, or a portion thereof, in the plane of rotation of the at least one rotor and / or after the at least one rotor along the direction of the wind flow will reduce the volume of cooled air in the wind flow and reduce the pressure in the wind flow, causing an increase in the wind flow velocity, increasing the pressure difference before the rotor and after the rotor and increasing the amount of air flowing through the rotor and hence increasing the performance of the wind turbine.

[0032] And also this design will improve the safety of the windmotor for the environment, particularly birds, by illuminating the water mist or creating three-dimensional holographic images in the water mist, which can also be used commercially as a billboard.

[0033] Will allow for a temporary, non-windmotor related dome-shaped fairing made from a mixture of fluid droplets and / or fluid vapor and air, which does not require additional manufacturing capacity and costs for structural materials to manufacture the windmotor, nor does it require additional time and personnel to manufacture a stationary dome-shaped fairing, thereby simplifying the windmotor design, reducing the weight of the windmotor, and simplifying the installation and maintenance of the windmotor.

[0034] And also, this design allows to reduce the rotor diameter, while maintaining the effective length of the rotor blades, which gives the possibility to increase the rotor speed and / or increase the windmotor performance.

[0035] Also, this distinction will prevent the propeller blades from freezing.

[0036] Advantageously, a variant embodiment of the invention is provided, at least one cooling device, is in the form of at least one leeward surface, or a portion of the leeward surface, of the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor, and / or is made with the possibility of interaction with the at least one leeward surface, or a portion of the leeward surface, of the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor.

[0037] Such a difference will reduce the air pressure from the rear surface of the rotor propeller blade, resulting in an increase in the air pressure difference between the front and rear surfaces of the rotor propeller blade, thereby increasing the lift force generated by the wind flow and therefore increasing the torque of the forces on the rotor shaft, resulting in an increase in rotor performance.

[0038] A variant embodiment of the invention is possible, wherein at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor has, in projection, on the longitudinal plane in which the rotor rotation axis lies, a curved, curvilinear profile.

[0039] This distinction will maximize the performance of the windmotor as external weather conditions change, wind flow velocity changes, humidity changes, etc.

[0040] Also, the arrow-shaped design of the windmotor will allow the windmotor to self-install towards the wind flow, which greatly simplifies the windmotor design.

[0041] And also, this design allows to reduce the rotor diameter, while maintaining the effective length of the rotor blades, which gives the possibility to increase the rotor speed and / or increase the windmotor performance.

[0042] A variant embodiment of the invention is also possible, wherein the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor has a curved, aerodynamic shape, in a frontal projection of the propeller blade on a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and is made with the possibility of generating a lifting force in the direction of rotation of the propeller blade.

[0043] This distinction will maximize the performance of the windmotor as external weather conditions change, wind flow velocity changes, humidity changes, etc.

[0044] Another embodiment is a variant of the embodiment, the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor is made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination with respect to the rotational axis of the rotor.

[0045] This distinction will achieve the highest possible windmotor performance when external weather conditions change, wind flow velocity changes, air humidity changes, etc.

[0046] A feasible implementation variant is, the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor is made with the possibility of changing the angle of attack to the wind flow.

[0047] This distinction will achieve the highest possible windmotor performance when external weather conditions change, wind flow velocity changes, air humidity changes, etc.

[0048] Also, in one possible variant embodiment at least one surface of the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor has a finning made with the possibility of increasing the contact area of the blade surface with the wind flow.

[0049] Such a difference will increase the cooling efficiency of the wind flow or part of it, which in turn will increase the speed of the air flow after the rotor and the performance of the windmotor as a whole.

[0050] Advantageously, a variant embodiment of the invention is provided, it comprises at least one heat pump, wherein the at least one heating device and / or the at least one cooling device is made with the possibility of interaction with the at least one heat pump. This distinction will allow the heat energy to be reused, which will reduce the cost of heating the fluid before atomization thus increasing the performance of the windmotor as a whole.

[0051] Also, in one possible variant embodiment, the at least one heating device and / or cooling device is in the form of at least one heat pump.

[0052] This distinction will allow the heat energy to be reused, which will reduce the cost of heating the fluid before atomization thus increasing the performance of the windmotor as a whole.

[0053] Also, it is possible to have a variant implementation in which, at least one fluid spraying device is made with the possibility of moving along the rotational axis of the rotor, and / or the at least one fluid spraying device is made with the possibility of rotating relative to the rotational axis of the rotor, and / or the at least one rotor is made with the possibility of moving along the rotational axis.

[0054] This distinction will achieve the highest possible windmotor performance when external weather conditions change, wind flow velocity changes, air humidity changes, etc.

[0055] A variant implementation is possible, whereby, at least one fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor is made at an angle to the wind flow, with the possibility of generating a reactive thrust in the direction of rotation of the rotor.

[0056] Such a distinction would allow some of the energy expended in atomizing the fluid or fluid vapor in the wind flow to be returned to the windmotor.

[0057] A variant implementation is possible, whereby, at least one fluid spraying device for spraying fluid and / or fluid vapor is in the form of at least one arrow-shaped flat ridge directed against the wind flow along the axis of rotation of the rotor.

[0058] This difference will reduce the drag on the wind flow which will increase the amount of air passing through the rotor which will increase the performance of the windmotor.

[0059] And it will also increase the area and number of nozzles interacting with the wind flow which will allow the wind flow to be effectively saturated with heated fluid vapor, which will reduce the energy costs of atomizing the fluid and / or fluid vapor.

[0060] It is also possible to have a variant implementation in which, at least one cooling device mounted after the at least one rotor is in the form of at least one flat ridge, for example having the aerodynamic shape of a boom plumage facing the wind flow along the rotor rotation axis.

[0061] Such a difference will increase the area and interaction time between the cooling device and the wind flow, which will allow more air to be cooled thereby increasing the amount of air passing through the rotor of the windmotor resulting in increased windmotor performance.

[0062] This design will allow self-installation in the direction of wind flow, which will greatly simplify windmotor design.

[0063] Brief Description of Drawings

[0064] Fig. 1 Schematically depicting a windmotor “Duck”, showing two rotors 3 and 3.1 , a fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6, a fairing formed of spray and / or fluid vapor and air, a heating device 10 and a heat pump 12, and showing wind flow lines, side view.

[0065] Fig. 2 A duck windmotor is schematically illustrated, showing a single rotor 3, a fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6, a fairing formed of spray and / or fluid vapor and air, a heat pump 12, an external cooling device 13.1 , and showing wind flow lines, side view.

[0066] Fig. 3 A duck windmotor is schematically depicted, showing a single rotor 3.2 with curved propeller blades 5.2, a fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6, a fairing formed of fluid spray and / or fluid vapor and air, and showing wind flow lines, side view.

[0067] Fig. 4 Schematically depicting a “Duck” windmotor, showing a single rotor 3.2 with curved propeller blades 5.2, a fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6, a fairing formed of fluid spray and / or fluid vapor and air, and showing wind flow lines, front view. Fig. 5 Schematic representation of the windmotor “Duck”, showing a single rotor 3, a fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6, and a fairing formed from a spray of fluid and / or fluid vapor and air, side view.

[0068] Fig. 6 A duck windmotor is schematically depicted, one rotor 3, a fluid spraying device 3, a fluid spraying device 6, a fairing formed from a spray of fluid and / or fluid vapor and air, a cross section of a propeller blade A-A, front view is indicated.

[0069] Fig. 7 A-A cross section of a propeller blade, top view.

[0070] Fig. 8 Schematic representation of the windmotor “Duck”, showing one rotor 3, a fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6 made with the possibility of rotating together with the rotor 3 and linearly moving along the axis of rotation of the rotor 3, side view.

[0071] Fig. 9 Schematic representation of a “Duck” windmotor, showing one rotor 3, fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6, made at an angle to the wind flow, with the possibility of generating a reactive thrust in the direction of rotation of the rotor, front view.

[0072] Fig. 10 Schematic representation of the windmotor “Duck”, showing one rotor 3, fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6, made with the possibility of rotation relative to the rotor 3 and rectilinear movement along the axis of rotation of the rotor 3, side view.

[0073] Fig. 11 Schematically depicts a windmotor “Duck”, showing two rotors 3 and 3.1 mounted on two coaxial shafts 4 and 4.1 respectively, with the stator of the electric generator connected to shaft 4.1 and the rotor of the electric generator connected to shaft 4, fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6, is fixed relative to the rotor 3, side view.

[0074] Fig. 12 Fluid spraying device 6, made in the form of an annular slotted socket, longitudinal right-side view.

[0075] Fig. 13 Fluid spraying device 6, which is in the form of an annular slotted nozzle and has additional nozzles directed backward at an angle to the axis of rotation of the rotor 3, in the direction of wind flow, longitudinal view to the right.

[0076] Fig. 14 Fluid spraying device 6, which is in the form of an annular slotted nozzle and has additional nozzles directed forward at an angle to the axis of rotation of the rotor 3, in the direction of wind flow, longitudinal view on the right.

[0077] Fig. 15 Fluid spraying device 6, configured as a plurality of arrow-shaped ridges against a wind flow that have channels and nozzles for spraying fluid and / or fluid vapor into the wind flow, quarter section along the axis of rotation front view, top view, right axonometric view.

[0078] Fig. 16 Schematic representation of a “Duck” windmotor, showing two rotors 3 and 3.1 , a fairing formed by spray and / or fluid vapor and air, top, rear, right axonometric view.

[0079] Fig. 17 Schematic representation of a “Duck” windmotor, showing rotor 3.2 with curved propeller blades 5.2, fairing formed by spray and / or fluid vapor and air, top, rear, right axonometric views.

[0080] Fig. 18 Schematically depicts a windmotor “Duck”, showing a rotor 3.2 with curved propeller blades 5.2, a fairing formed by spray and / or fluid vapors and air, a cooling device

[0081] 13.1 installed after the rotor 3.2 in the form of a ridge made along the rotor rotation axis, top view, rear view, right axonometric view.

[0082] Fig. 19 Schematically depicts a windmotor “Duck”, showing a rotor 3.2 with curved propeller blades 5.2, a fairing formed by spray and / or fluid vapor and air, a cooling device

[0083] 13.1 installed after the rotor 3.2 in the form of a ridge made along the axis of rotation of the rotor, rear view.

[0084] Fig. 20 Schematic representation of a windmotor “Duck”, showing a rotor 3.2 with curved propeller blades 5.2, a fairing formed by spray and / or fluid vapor and air, a cooling device

[0085] 13.1 installed after the rotor 3.2 in the form of a ridge made along the axis of rotation of the rotor, right view.

[0086] Description of Embodiments

[0087] Terms used.

[0088] The term “windmotor” should be understood as a machine that converts the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical energy. The working body of the windmotor is a propellertype rotor, which takes the pressure of the air flow and converts it into mechanical energy of rotation of the shaft of the windmotor rotor. For a propeller-type windmotor with a horizontal axis of rotation, the working body is air, and the rotor is a shaft, the axis of rotation of which is made in a horizontal plane parallel to the wind flow, and one or a plurality of wing-shaped propeller blades fixed at one end to the shaft and equidistant from each other in a circle relative to the axis of rotation of the shaft. The aerodynamic profile of the blade can have any shape.

[0089] The term “rotor” should be understood as the rotating part of a windmotor on which the organs that receive energy from the working body are located. The rotor is a shaft, the axis of rotation of which is made in a horizontal plane, and one or a plurality of wingshaped blades, fixed at one end to the shaft and equidistant from each other along the circumference relative to the axis of rotation of the shaft.

[0090] For a propeller-type windmotor with a horizontal axis of rotation, air is the working body, and the rotor is a shaft, the axis of rotation of which is made in a horizontal plane, and one or a plurality of wing-shaped blades fixed at one end to the shaft and equidistant from each other circumferentially with respect to the axis of rotation of the shaft.

[0091] The term “leeward surface” should be understood to mean a surface that is downwind, sheltered from the wind, and facing in the direction of wind flow.

[0092] The term “windward surface” should be understood to mean the surface facing the wind flow or facing where the wind blows from.

[0093] The term “fluid and / or fluid vapor spraying device” should be understood as an orifice, nozzle, nozzle, injector, slotted nozzle, any mechanical device that allows for spraying and / or dispersing a fluid and / or fluid vapor into the wind flow air.

[0094] The term “fluid” should be understood to mean any fluid that meets the system specifications, for example: seawater, ocean salt water or desalinated water or fresh water, artesian water, etc.

[0095] The term “Wind Flow” should be understood as the directional movement of air masses in the planet's atmosphere.

[0096] The term “Heating Device” should be understood as a device designed to raise the temperature of fluid and / or air by converting other forms of energy, for example electrical energy into heat energy by means of an electric furnace, chemical reactions that produce heat such as combustion reactions, etc., or a heat exchanger that uses external heat sources such as solar collectors, thermal underground heat sources, as an external heat source, for example, a heat exchanger that uses external heat energy sources such as solar panels, thermal underground heat sources, etc., as an external heat source.

[0097] The term “Cooling Device” should be understood as a device designed to extract heat energy from fluid and / or air. The cooling device may be a heat pump, Peltier elements, or a heat exchange device, for example a radiator, through which a heat transfer medium flows, for example lower temperature artesian water or lower temperature seawater, etc. The term “Heat Pump” should be understood as a device designed to transfer heat energy from source to consumer located at a distance from each other. In this case, the transfer requires energy input from outside to realize the transfer of thermal energy. The most common types of heat pumps, compressor heat machines and absorption, noncompressor, heat machines. Peltier elements can also be considered as a heat pump. The term “dew point temperature” should be understood as the temperature of the air at which the fluid vapor it contains reaches a saturation state and begins to condense into dew.

[0098] Windmotor “Duck” (figs. 1-14) has a support 1. The support 1 may have any shape that satisfies the technical requirements of the selected windmotor design, and may be in the form of a vertical column or a column made at an angle to a vertical planeThe support 1 may be made fixed on the ground or in the form of a movable support made on a vehicle with the possibility of movement, or in the form of a floating support on the surface of a body of water, ocean, lake, sea, etc. The support 1 may be made of any structural material meeting the technical requirements of the selected windmotor design, for example, building structural materials: concrete, reinforced concrete, composite concrete; or technical structural materials, metals: steel, aluminum; wood: oak, pine; polymeric materials; composite materials; or include a combination of several types of materials.

[0099] WINDMOTOR also has a nacelle 2 (fig. 1 , 2) mounted on a support with the possibility of rotation relative to the support 1 and the wind flow in the horizontal or vertical plane that will allow you to set the nacelle in the direction of the changing wind flow. The nacelle 2 may also contain windmotor controls, an electric generator or any other external rotor 3 rotational energy consumer, a braking device to control the rotor 3 rotational speed, navigational aids, cooling devices, rotating devices to position the nacelle 2 relative to the wind flow, etc.

[0100] The nacelle 2 may have any geometric shape, for example: rectangular, spherical, conical, drop-shaped, etc., and may be made of any structural material meeting the technical requirements of the selected windmotor design, for example, building structural materials: concrete, reinforced concrete, composite concrete; or technical structural materials, shafts: steel, aluminum; wood: oak, pine; polymeric materials; composite materials; or comprise a combination of several types of materials; or include a combination of several types of materials.

[0101] The windmotor has at least one rotor 3 (figs. 1 , 2) of propeller type with a horizontal axis of rotation. The rotor 3 has a shaft 4 and at least one propeller blade 5 connected at one end to the shaft of the rotor 4, made with the possibility of converting kinetic energy of the airflow into mechanical energy of rotation of the shaft 4 of the rotor 3. The windmotor may have at least one coaxial auxiliary rotor 3.1 (figs. 1 ,8,13), which may rotate in a reciprocal or opposite direction with respect to the main rotor 3 (fig. 8), have a common shaft 4 with the main rotor 3, or have an independent shaft 4.1 (fig. 8) coupled to the propeller blade 5.1 of the auxiliary rotor 3.1 (fig. 8).

[0102] The at least one blade 5.2 (fig. 3) of the propeller of the at least one rotor 3.2 has, in projection, on the longitudinal plane in which the rotor's axis of rotation lies, a curved, curvilinear profile. And also, the at least one propeller blade 5.2 (fig. 3) has at least one support 14 (fig. 3) kinematically connected to the support 1 and is made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination with respect to the rotor axis of rotation and the propeller blade 5.2 and has the possibility of moving along the rotor axis of rotation 3.2 (fig. 3).

[0103] The at least one propeller blade 5.2 (fig. 4) of the at least one rotor 3.2 has a curved, aerodynamic shape in a frontal projection of the propeller blade 5.2 onto a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor 3.2, and is made with the possibility of generating a lifting force P in the direction of rotation of the propeller blade 5.2 of the rotor 3.2 (fig. 4).

[0104] The at least one blade 5 and / or 5.1 and / or 5.2 of the propeller (figs. 1-3), at least one rotor 3 and / or 3.1 and / or 3.2, is made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination [3 with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor.

[0105] At least one blade 5 and / or 5.1 and / or 5.2 of the propellers of the at least one rotor 3 and / or 3.1 and / or 3.2, respectively, is made with the possibility of changing the angle of attack to the airflow (not shown in the drawings).

[0106] At least one surface of the at least one blade 5 and / or 5.1 and / or 5.2 of the propeller of the at least one rotor 3 and / or 3.1 and / or 3.2 has ribbing made with the possibility of increasing the contact area of the blade surface with the wind flow (not shown in the drawings).

[0107] In this case, the aerodynamic cross-sectional profile of the propeller blade may have any aerodynamic shape that satisfies the technical requirements of the selected windmotor design, and may have a drop-shaped symmetrical or non-sym metrical shape, a flat profile, or any other aerodynamic profile.

[0108] The windmotor rotor or components thereof may be made of any structural material meeting the technical requirements of the selected windmotor design, for example, building structural materials: concrete, reinforced concrete, composite concrete; or technical structural materials, metals: steel, aluminum; wood: oak, pine; polymeric materials; composite materials; or include a combination of several types of materials.

[0109] The windmotor comprises at least one spraying device 6 (figs. 1 , 2), made with the possibility of atomizing fluid and / or fluid vapor in the wind flow in front of the at least one rotor 3. The fluid spraying device 6 contains one or a plurality of orifices and / or nozzles and / or slots and / or nozzles designed to spray fluid and / or fluid vapor into the wind flow air (figs. 12-15).

[0110] The head end of the atomizing device 6 (figs. 12-15) may have an aerodynamic shape with minimal drag, made with the possibility of changing the direction of wind flow, for example, having a cone shape, pyramidal shape, spherical shape, and the like. And also, the at least one fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6 (figs. 3,4, 15, 17) is in the form of at least one arrow-shaped flat ridge directed against wind flow along the rotor axis of rotation. The spray device 6 (figs. 12-15) may be made of any structural material meeting the technical requirements of the selected windmotor design, for example, building structural materials: concrete, reinforced concrete, composite concrete; or technical structural materials: metals: steel, aluminum; wood: oak, pine; polymeric materials; composite materials; or include a combination of several types of materials.

[0111] The windmotor also has at least one fluid delivery device 7 made with the possibility of interaction with the fluid spraying device 6. The fluid feeder 7 may be in the form of a reciprocating pump, a centrifugal pump, an injection pump using working fluid vapor as a working fluid vapor. In this case, the feeding device is part of a device that prepares the fluid 8 prior to heating and atomizing. This device may include filtering devices, for example mechanical filters, electromechanical filters, centrifugal filters, etc., desalination devices, devices that change the hardness of water or the acidity of water or the chemical composition of the fluid 8, measuring devices that monitor water quality, safety devices. Fluid 8 for use in the windmotor can be supplied by the feeder 7 from bodies of water: ocean, sea, lake, river, underground artesian water or underground thermal sources, or have a recirculation system (fig. 1 ) where the fluid vapor after condensation returns as a liquid to the container 9 and reused, or it can be a container 9 replenished with fluid 8 from other sources.

[0112] The windmotor has at least one main heating device 10 made with the possibility of interacting with the fluid 8 and / or the at least one atomizing device 6. The heating device may be an electric heating element, or a solar collector directly heating the fluid 8 in the piping, or the fluid 8 may be supplied from underground thermal springs directly to the spraying device 6. A flow heat exchanger in the form of a radiator 10 may be used as a heating device. Thermal energy in this case is supplied from an external source, for example, a solar collector 11 (fig. 1), while heating the fluid 8 is carried out in the heat exchanger 10. Also, the fluid spraying device 6 can be equipped with an electric heater that will heat the fluid 8 directly at the moment of atomization of the fluid 8 in the wind flow. Also, as a heating device can be a heat pump 12 (fig. 2).

[0113] The windmotor also has at least one cooling device 13 ( fig.1 ) made in the form of at least one surface of at least one blade 5 and / or 5.1 and / or 5.2 of at least one rotor 3 and\or 3.1 and / or 3.2 and / or with the possibility of interaction with at least one surface of at least one blade 5 and / or 5.1 and / or 5.2 of at least one rotor 3 and\or 3.1 and / or 3.2 and / or with at least one cooling device 13.1 (fig. ), after at least one rotor 3 and\or 3.1 and / or 3.2 in the wind flow direction, with the possibility of interaction with the wind flow. In this case, the at least one cooling device 13 (figs. 5-7) is in the form of at least one leeward surface 15 (fig. 7) or a portion of the leeward surface 15 of the at least one propeller blade 5 of the at least one rotor 3, and / or is made with the possibility of interaction with the at least one leeward surface 15 or a portion of the leeward surface 15 of the at least one propeller blade 5 of the at least one rotor 3 (fig. 7). And also at least one cooling device 13.1 (figs. 18-20), mounted after at least one rotor 3 or 3.1 or 3.2 is in the form of at least one flat ridge, for example has an aerodynamic shape of a boom plumage facing the wind flow along the axis of rotation of the rotor 3 or 3.1 or 3.2 (figs. 18-20). Also, the windmotor may be equipped with at least one heat pump 12 (figs. 1 ,2), wherein at least one heating device 10 and / or at least one cooling device 13 and / or 13.1 is made with the possibility of interaction with at least one heat pump 12 and / or has an additional heat exchanger 10.1 (fig. 1 ) made upstream of the main heat exchanger 10 in the direction of fluid flow 8. Also, the at least one heating device 10 (fig. 2) and / or cooling device 13 and / or 13.1 is in the form of at least one heat pump 12.

[0114] Multiple heat pumps 12 may be installed to increase heat transfer efficiency. In this case, the heat pumps 12 may be installed in series or parallel to each other along the wind flow direction.

[0115] At least one fluid spraying device 6 is made with the possibility of moving along the rotational axis of rotor 3 (figs. 8,10,) and / or at least one fluid spraying device 6 is made with the possibility of rotating about the rotational axis of rotor 3 (fig. 10) and / or at least one rotor 3 is made with the possibility of moving along the rotational axis of rotor 3 (fig. 10). At least one fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor 6 (fig. 9) is made at an angle to the wind flow, with the possibility of generating a reactive thrust in the direction of rotation of the rotor 3.

[0116] The present invention is based on the idea of changing the kinetic energy of the wind flow using energy of another kind, namely thermal energy. This will allow to use the property of fluid and air, saturate the air with fluid vapor 8 (fig.2), when changing the temperature of fluid 8 and air, thereby changing the density and kinetic energy of the wind flow before and after the rotor 3 creating a pressure difference in the wind flow before and after the rotor 3. It will also allow the application of the heat pump 12 to return heat energy to the windmotor system thereby improving the energy efficiency and performance of the windmotor.

[0117] When the heat pump 12 is used as a heating 10 and cooling 13 device (fig. 2), the wind flow passing through the rotor 3 gives kinetic energy to the propeller blades 5 of the rotor 3 and thermal energy to the cooling device 13 located in the blades 5 of the rotor 3 and / or made as a separate cooling device 13 (fig. 2) in the form of a radiator after the rotor 3. The heat energy is then pumped by the heat pump 12 to the heating device 10 (fig. 2), where the heat energy is transferred to the fluid 8 supplied from the reservoir 9 by the pump 7 using a heat exchanger. The pump 7 may be an injection pump or a Stirling engine thereby minimizing the energy cost of pumping the fluid 8. The fluid 8 is then pressurized into the atomizing device 6. Given the properties of fluid to vaporize when the temperature rises and the properties of air to dissolve fluid vapor when the temperature rises to saturated state, we can create a dome-shaped fairing in front of the rotor with minimal energy consumption. This will redirect the impinging wind flow to the rotor boundaries. According to Bernoulli's law, the enveloping wind flow will have a velocity higher than the natural, atmospheric wind flow. This will lead to an increase in the lifting force P (fig. 4) formed on the blades 5 of the propeller of the rotor 3 and that in turn will lead to an increase in the torque of the forces on the shaft of the rotor 4 and increase the productivity of the windmotor. The air saturated with fluid vapor in the stream forming the domeshaped fairing has a density and mass higher than the natural wind flow, while the fluid is held in the air naturally and does not require kinetic energy input from the wind flow, but at the same time the kinetic energy of the air saturated with vapor is higher than the kinetic energy of the natural atmospheric wind flow. The wind flow forming the dome-shaped fairing interacting with the blades 5 of the propeller of the rotor 3 will create a lifting force P higher compared to the natural wind flow and thus we will get an increase in the torque of forces on the shaft 4 of the rotor 3 that will lead to an increase in the performance of the windmotor as a whole. Saturated with fluid vapor air passing through the rotor 3 will give part of the kinetic energy to the propeller blades 5 of the rotor 3, forming a lifting force P, resulting in deceleration, while interacting with the cooling device 13, made in the propeller blades 5 of the rotor 3 and / or after the rotor 3 in the form of a radiator 13.1 (fig. 2) heat pump saturated air will cool to the dew point temperature or lower, resulting in the liquid in the air in the form of vapor condense and fall out as dew. ) of the heat pump, the saturated air will cool to the dew point temperature or below, resulting in the fluid in the air in the form of vapor condensing and falling out as dew. Thus, the air in the wind flow will sharply collapse, reducing in volume and losing part of the mass, which will lead to a reduction in pressure behind the rotor 3 on the wind flow, which in turn will lead to an increase in the pressure difference in the wind flow before and after the rotor 3, which in turn will lead to an increase in the wind flow through the rotor 3, and hence increase the performance of the windmotor as a whole. In the next step, heat energy is pumped from the cooling device 13 and / or 13.1 (fig. 2) by the heat pump 12 to the heating device 10 or to the preheating device 10.1 (fig. 1 ), where the fluid 8 draws heat energy from the heat pump 12 by means of a heat exchanger. The energy received from the heat pump 12 may not be sufficient, given the losses in the various steps, to achieve the set point temperature of the fluid 8. For this reason, the windmotor may have a main heating device 10 (fig. 1 ), which may be in the form of a heat exchange device interacting with an external source of thermal energy, for example: a solar collector 11 , an underground thermal source or an electric heating tan. The heat pump 12 is a device for transferring thermal energy, wherein the amount of energy used to transfer thermal energy is several times less than the amount of thermal energy transferred. In this way, we can minimize the energy cost of manipulating the wind flow, resulting in a positive effect on the overall performance of the windmotor.

[0118] The blades 5.2 (figs. 3,4,17-20) of the rotor propeller 3.2, can be curved in the frontal and longitudinal plane, which also has a positive effect on the performance of the windmotor because their angle of attack relative to the wind flow that has changed direction is optimal, and can be adjusted according to the actual speed and direction of the wind flow.

[0119] The cooling device 13 (figs. 5-7) is in the form of a leeward surface 15 of the blade 5 of the rotor propeller 3. This will increase the air pressure difference in the wind flow between the leeward surface 15 and the windward surface 16 of the blade 5 of the rotor propeller 3. The incoming wind flow has a temperature ti (fig. 7) and creates pressure Pi on the windward surface 16 of the propeller blade 5 that leads to the emergence of a lifting force FPdirected towards the rotation V of the rotor 3 (figs. 6, 7). At the same time, the enveloping wind flow contacts the leeward side 15 made as cooling device 13. As a result, the wind flow is cooled in the leeward surface region 15 to a temperature t2 which is lower than the temperatures ti and ts, which will cause the fluid vapor 8 in the wind flow to condense and reduce the air volume as a result of the cooling. As a result, there will be a decrease in pressure P2 over the entire area of interaction between the wind flow and the cooling device 13 made as the leeward surface 15 of the propeller blade 5. Thus, the blade 5 will fall into the low-pressure zone P2 which will be lower than the atmospheric pressure. The difference between the pressure Pion the windward surface 16 of the propeller blade 5 and the pressure P2 on the leeward surface 15 will increase, leading to an increase in the torque of the forces on the shaft 4 of the rotor 3 of the windmotor, which in turn leads to an increase in the performance of the windmotor as a whole.

Claims

CLAIMS1 . A method of increasing the performance of a windmotor, wherein a fluid is sprayed in front of a rotor of the windmotor, characterized in that includes the steps of, heating the fluid above an air temperature of the wind flow, spraying the heated fluid and / or fluid vapor in the air in front of the windmotor rotor in the wind flow direction, and cooling the wind flow, or a portion of the wind flow, in a plane of rotation of the at least one rotor and / or after the at least one rotor in the wind flow direction.

2. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the wind flow or a portion thereof is cooled to or below the dew point temperature.

3. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the fluid is heated by means of a heat pump made with the possibility of taking heat energy in the wind flow cooling zone and transferring the heat energy to the fluid heating zone.

4. A windmotor “Duck”, contains at least one propeller-type rotor mounted with the possibility of rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation of the rotor, the rotor has a shaft and at least one propeller blade connected at one end to the shaft of the rotor, and made with the possibility of converting the kinetic energy of wind flow into mechanical energy of rotation of the shaft of the rotor, at least one fluid and / or fluid vapor spraying device, made with the possibility of spraying fluid and / or fluid vapor in a wind flow, in front of the at least one rotor, at least one fluid delivery device made with the possibility of interaction with the fluid spraying device, characterized in that has, at least one heating device made with the possibility of interaction with the fluid and / or at least one spraying device, and also has at least one cooling device made in the form of at least one surface or part of the surface of the at least one propeller blade, the at least one rotor, and / or made with the possibility of interaction with the at least one surface or part of the surface of the at least one propeller blade, the at least one rotor, and / or the at least one cooling device is made, after, at least one rotor along the wind flow direction, with the possibility of interaction with the wind flow.

5. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one cooling device, is in the form of at least one leeward surface, or a portion of the leeward surface, of the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor, and / or is made with the possibility of interaction with the at least one leeward surface, or a portion of the leeward surface, of the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor.

6. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor has, in projection, on the longitudinal plane in which the rotor rotation axis lies, a curved, curvilinear profile.

7. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor has a curved, aerodynamic shape, in a frontal projection of the propeller blade on a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and is made with the possibility of generating a lifting force in the direction of rotation of the propeller blade.

8. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor is made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination with respect to the rotational axis of the rotor.

9. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor is made with the possibility of changing the angle of attack to the wind flow.

10. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one surface of the at least one propeller blade of the at least one rotor has a finning made with the possibility of increasing the contact area of the blade surface with the wind flow.11 . The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises at least one heat pump, wherein the at least one heating device and / or the at least one cooling device is made with the possibility of interaction with the at least one heat pump.

12. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that he at least one heating device and / or cooling device is in the form of at least one heat pump.

13. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one fluid spraying device is made with the possibility of moving along the rotational axis of the rotor, and / or the at least one fluid spraying device is made with the possibility of rotating relative to the rotational axis of the rotor, and / or the at least one rotor is made with the possibility of moving along the rotational axis.

14. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one fluid spraying device and / or fluid vapor is made at an angle to the wind flow, with the possibility of generating a reactive thrust in the direction of rotation of the rotor.

15. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one fluid spraying device for spraying fluid and / or fluid vapor is in the form of at least one arrowshaped flat ridge directed against the wind flow along the axis of rotation of the rotor.

16. The windmotor according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one cooling device mounted after the at least one rotor is in the form of at least one flat ridge, for example having the aerodynamic shape of a boom plumage facing the wind flow along the rotor rotation axis.

Images