Information acquisition system and vehicle

Abstract

Provided in the present application are an information acquisition system and a vehicle. The information acquisition system comprises a vehicle window pane, an information acquisition apparatus, and a polarizing element. The vehicle window pane has an information acquisition area, incident light passing through the information acquisition area of the vehicle window pane to form first refracted light and second refracted light. The information acquisition apparatus is used for receiving the first refracted light and the second refracted light. The polarizing element is located on a transmission path along which the incident light is transmitted from the outside of a vehicle into the information acquisition apparatus. When the angle θ of incidence of the incident light is 25°-69°, the information acquisition system has a primary-to-secondary image transmittance Cr12, Cr12≥950. The present application enables the information acquisition system to acquire more accurate and clear images.

Description

Information collection system and vehicles Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle parts technology, particularly information collection systems and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] The intelligentization and connectivity of automobiles are the main directions of future development, and autonomous driving has also become a major direction for automotive development. Typically, sensors such as visible light cameras, millimeter-wave radar, lidar, and ultrasonic radar are installed near the top of the windshield inside the car. These sensors capture and process the external driving environment into image data to assist in achieving autonomous driving. For visible light cameras, light from outside the car must pass through the windshield to be received. Because the windshield is a laminated glass composed of an outer glass panel, a middle layer, and an inner glass panel, and because it is installed at an angle, external light undergoes multiple reflections and refractions when entering and exiting the windshield. This results in one or more less obvious secondary images at a certain distance from the primary image. The secondary images that can be recognized by the sensors are defined as secondary images. Secondary image deviation refers to the angular deviation between the secondary image and the primary image. Secondary image deviation affects the accurate recognition of the image and is detrimental to obtaining accurate driving information.

[0003] Patent CN109414911B discloses a vehicle window assembly with a variable thickness distribution associated with a forward-facing camera. It utilizes a wedge-shaped thickness distribution formed in the first part of the intermediate layer in the direction toward the upper edge to reduce the interference of secondary image deviation on the camera. This special specification intermediate layer (e.g., PVB) has disadvantages such as high price, high manufacturing cost, and sensitivity to the optical design of the vehicle model. The windshield of different vehicle models needs to be redesigned.

[0004] Patent WO2016143582A1 discloses a windshield that uses a correction component added to the camera's shooting window to reduce the interference of the secondary image deviation on the camera. The correction component is fixed to the inner surface of the windshield or embedded in the through hole of the windshield by adhesive.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide an information acquisition system and vehicle that enables the information acquisition system to acquire more accurate and clear images.

[0007] The first aspect of this application provides an information acquisition system applied to a vehicle, the information acquisition system including a vehicle window glass, an information acquisition device and a polarizing element;

[0008] The vehicle window glass has an information acquisition area. Incident light passes through the information acquisition area of ​​the vehicle window glass to form a first refracted light and a second refracted light. The information acquisition device is used to receive the first refracted light and the second refracted light. The polarization element is located on the transmission path of the incident light from the outside of the vehicle into the information acquisition device.

[0009] When the incident angle θ of the incident light is 25° to 69°, the information acquisition system has a primary-to-secondary image transmittance ratio Cr12, where Cr12 ≥ 950.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the Cr12 is ≥1000, or the Cr12 is ≥2000, or the Cr12 is ≥3000, or the Cr12 is ≥5000, or the Cr12 is ≥8000, or the Cr12 is ≥10000, or the Cr12 is ≥20000, or the Cr12 is ≥50000, or the Cr12 is ≥75000, or the Cr12 is ≥200000.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the window glass has an outer surface and an inner surface;

[0012] The polarization element is located inside the information acquisition device, or between the vehicle window glass and the information acquisition device, or on the outer or inner surface of the vehicle window glass, or inside the vehicle window glass.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the information acquisition device includes a housing, an optical component, and an image sensor, wherein the optical component and the image sensor are housed within the housing, and the optical component is located between the image sensor and the vehicle window glass.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the polarization element is located between the optical component and the image sensor, or the polarization element is housed within the housing of the information acquisition device and located on the side of the optical component opposite to the image sensor.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the vehicle window glass includes an outer glass panel, an intermediate layer, and an inner glass panel. The outer glass panel includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, with the first surface serving as the outer surface of the vehicle window glass. The inner glass panel includes a third surface and a fourth surface arranged opposite to each other, with the fourth surface serving as the inner surface of the vehicle window glass. The intermediate layer connects the second surface and the third surface.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the polarizing element is located between the third surface and the intermediate layer, or the polarizing element is embedded in the intermediate layer, or the polarizing element is located between the second surface and the intermediate layer.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the information acquisition device is a visible light camera, which is selected from at least one of a standard camera, a narrow-angle camera, and a wide-angle camera; the horizontal field of view (HFOV) of the standard camera is 40°≤HFOV≤90°, the horizontal field of view (HFOV) of the narrow-angle camera is HFOV<40°, and the horizontal field of view (HFOV) of the wide-angle camera is 90°<HFOV≤180°.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the information acquisition area has a transmittance TL for visible light with wavelengths of 440nm to 700nm incident at a 65° incident angle. (440-700) TL (440-700) ≥60%, or TL (440-700) ≥65%, or TL (440-700) ≥70%, or TL (440-700) ≥75%, or TL (440-700) ≥80%, or TL (440-700) ≥85%.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the information acquisition area has a transmittance TL for red light with a wavelength of 600nm to 700nm incident at a 65° incident angle. (600-700) TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.8, or TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.83, or TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.85.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the vehicle window glass also has a non-information acquisition area, which includes a transparent area and a shielded area. The visible light transmittance of the transparent area is greater than or equal to 70%, and the visible light transmittance of the shielded area is less than or equal to 5%.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the incident angle θ of the incident light is 30° to 68°, or the incident angle θ is 34° to 67°, or the incident angle θ is 45° to 65°.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than 80:1; or, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than or equal to 100:1; or, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than or equal to 500:1; or, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than or equal to 1000:1; or, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than or equal to 5000:1; or, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than or equal to 10000:1.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the inner glass panel is provided with a first through groove that penetrates the third surface and the fourth surface, and the intermediate layer is provided with a second through groove that penetrates two surfaces of the intermediate layer that are disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction; along the thickness direction of the window glass, the orthographic projection of the first through groove on the second surface completely covers the information acquisition area, and the orthographic projection of the second through groove on the second surface completely covers the information acquisition area, and the second through groove is connected to the first through groove.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the polarizing element is disposed on the fourth surface and completely covers the first through slot; or, the polarizing element is disposed on the second surface and completely covers the information acquisition area; or, the polarizing element is disposed on the first surface and completely covers the information acquisition area.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the radius of curvature of the information acquisition area is 2000mm-5000mm.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the cross-section of the information acquisition area along the vertical direction is wedge-shaped, so that the secondary image deviation angle of the information acquisition area is less than or equal to 3arcmin.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the information acquisition system further includes a wedge block connected to the first surface or the fourth surface, the wedge block completely covering the information acquisition area, and the wedge block being used to make the secondary image deviation angle of the information acquisition area less than or equal to 3arcmin.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the information acquisition system further includes a wedge block, the window glass is provided with a receiving groove, the receiving groove sequentially penetrates the outer glass plate, the intermediate layer and the inner glass plate, the wedge block is fixed in the receiving groove, the wedge block completely covers the information acquisition area, and the wedge block is used to make the secondary image deviation angle of the information acquisition area less than or equal to 3arcmin.

[0029] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body and an information collection system as described above, the information collection system being mounted on the vehicle body. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0031] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the information collection system for the vehicle shown in Figure 1, which illustrates a first implementation of the polarization element;

[0033] Figure 2(b) is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the information collection system of the vehicle shown in Figure 1, which shows the optical path schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the information collection system;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle window glass in the first embodiment of the information collection system shown in Figure 2;

[0035] Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the proportion of S-rays in the second refracted light and the incident angle of the incident light, obtained from the experiment.

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the second implementation of the polarization element in the first embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 2(a);

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the third implementation of the polarization element in the first embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 2(a);

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the fourth implementation of the polarization element in the first embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 2(a);

[0039] Figure 8(a) is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 1, which illustrates the first implementation of the polarization element;

[0040] Figure 8(b) is a structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 1, which shows the optical path schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the information acquisition system;

[0041] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the second implementation of the polarization element in the second embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 8(a);

[0042] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the third implementation of the polarization element in the second embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 8(a);

[0043] Figure 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the secondary image deviation angle, the thickness of the outer glass plate, and the radius of curvature of the outer glass plate, obtained from simulation calculations.

[0044] Figure 12(a) is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 1, which illustrates the first implementation of the polarization element;

[0045] Figure 12(b) is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 1, which shows the optical path schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the information acquisition system;

[0046] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the second implementation of the polarization element in the third embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 12(a);

[0047] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the third implementation of the polarization element in the third embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 12(a);

[0048] Figure 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 1, which illustrates the first implementation of the polarization element.

[0049] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the second implementation of the polarization element in the fourth embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 15.

[0050] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the third implementation of the polarization element in the fourth embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 15.

[0051] Figure 18 is a structural schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 1, which illustrates the first implementation of the polarization element;

[0052] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the second implementation of the polarization element in the fifth embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 18;

[0053] Figure 20 is a structural schematic diagram of the third implementation of the polarization element in the fifth embodiment of the information acquisition system shown in Figure 18. Detailed Implementation

[0054] For ease of understanding, the terminology used in the embodiments of this application will be explained first.

[0055] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] Referring to Figure 1, this application provides a vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 includes a vehicle body 200 and an information acquisition system 100, which is mounted on the vehicle body 200. The information acquisition system 100 includes a window glass 10 and an information acquisition device 20. The window glass 10 is installed in an opening in the vehicle body 200 and has an outer surface and an inner surface. The outer surface faces the outside of the vehicle 1000, and the inner surface faces the inside of the vehicle 1000. The information acquisition device 20 faces the window glass 10 and is capable of capturing and processing the driving environment outside the vehicle 1000 into image data.

[0057] It should be noted that the vehicle 1000 described in this application can be, but is not limited to, a means of transportation such as a car, a train, and rail transit. This embodiment of the application uses a car as an example for illustration only.

[0058] Referring to Figures 2(a) and 2(b), this application provides a first embodiment of an information acquisition system 100. In this embodiment, the information acquisition system 100 includes a vehicle window glass 10, an information acquisition device 20, and a polarizing element 30. The vehicle window glass 10 has an information acquisition area S1. Light from outside the vehicle 1000 passes through the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 10 and is received by the information acquisition device 20. The polarizing element 30 is used to reduce the proportion of S-polarized light in the light received by the information acquisition device 20. The information acquisition device 20 processes the received light into image data. The polarizing element 30 is located on the transmission path of light from outside the vehicle 1000 into the information acquisition device 20. The polarizing element 30 can filter out S-polarized light in the transmitted light, thereby significantly reducing the brightness of the secondary image, and further reducing or even eliminating secondary image deviation, so that the image data captured and processed by the information acquisition device 20 is sufficiently clear.

[0059] It should be noted that the vehicle window glass 10 can be, but is not limited to, the windshield, side windows, rear window, and sunroof of the vehicle 1000. The information collection device 20 can be, but is not limited to, a visible light camera, a near-infrared camera, a thermal imager, and a lidar. This embodiment of the application only illustrates the example where the vehicle window glass 10 is the windshield and the information collection device 20 is a visible light camera.

[0060] For ease of description, after the window glass 10 is installed in the vehicle 1000, this application defines the direction extending from the bottom edge of the window glass 10 to the top edge of the window glass 10 as the vertical direction of the window glass 10.

[0061] In this embodiment, the information acquisition device 20 includes a housing 21, an optical component 22, and an image sensor 23. The optical component 22 and the image sensor 23 are housed within the housing 21. The optical component 22 is located between the image sensor 23 and the vehicle window glass 10. Light from outside the vehicle 1000 passes through the information acquisition area S1 of the vehicle window glass 10 and is received by the image sensor 23 after passing through the optical component 22. The optical component 22 may include one or more lenses. For example, the optical component 22 includes one lens; or, the optical component 22 includes multiple lenses arranged sequentially along the optical axis of the information acquisition device 20.

[0062] It should be noted that the number of information collection devices 20 can be, but is not limited to, one, two, three, four, or more. For example, the information collection device 20 is a visible light camera used to realize functions such as forward collision warning (FCW), lane departure warning (LDW), traffic sign recognition system (TSR), and pedestrian collision warning (PCW).

[0063] The information acquisition device 20 can be a visible light camera, selected from at least one of a standard camera, a narrow-angle camera, and a wide-angle camera. The field of view (FOV) of a visible light camera is the maximum field of view range during image data acquisition, which can be divided into the horizontal field of view (HFOV) and the vertical field of view (VFOV). Specifically, the horizontal field of view (HFOV) of a standard camera ranges from 40° to 90°, with a maximum detection distance of less than or equal to 200 meters. Standard cameras can be used as the primary information acquisition device in Level 2 or higher Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) or Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS). The horizontal field of view (HFOV) of a narrow-angle camera ranges from HFOV to 40°, with a maximum detection distance of less than or equal to 300 meters. Narrow-angle cameras are mainly used to identify distant objects and can be used for the identification of targets such as traffic lights and pedestrians. The horizontal field of view (HFOV) of a wide-angle camera is 90° < HFOV ≤ 180°, and the maximum detection distance is less than or equal to 80 meters. Wide-angle cameras are mainly used to identify objects at close range and can be used in scenarios such as urban road conditions and low-speed driving.

[0064] Visible light cameras can be low-resolution cameras with less than 2 megapixels, such as 800,000-pixel or 1-megapixel cameras. Visible light cameras can also be high-resolution cameras with 2 megapixels or more, more preferably 5 megapixels or more, such as 2-megapixel, 5-megapixel, 8-megapixel, 12-megapixel, 20-megapixel, 50-megapixel, 100-megapixel, or 200-megapixel cameras. High-resolution cameras also have a longer detection range and a larger horizontal field of view (HFOV). High-resolution cameras also feature higher dynamic range (HDR) and better LED flicker cancellation (LFM).

[0065] To meet the requirements of high-resolution cameras, the preferred information acquisition area S1 has a transmittance TL of at least 60% for visible light with wavelengths of 440nm to 700nm incident at a 65° angle of incidence. (440-700) More preferably, it has a transmittance of at least 65%, even more preferably, it has a transmittance of at least 70%, even more preferably, it has a transmittance of at least 75%, even more preferably, it has a transmittance of at least 80%, and even more preferably, it has a transmittance of at least 85%. TL (440-700) The transmittance of visible light with wavelengths of 440nm to 700nm incident at an incident angle of 65° in the information acquisition area S1.

[0066] To meet the requirements of high-pixel cameras, the transmittance TL of the information acquisition area S1 for red light with a wavelength of 600nm to 700nm incident at a 65° angle is also preferred. (600-700) The transmittance TL of the information acquisition area S1 for visible light with wavelengths of 440nm to 700nm incident at an incident angle of 65°. (440-700) The ratio between them is greater than or equal to 0.8, i.e., TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.8, specifically examples include 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, etc., with TL being more preferred. (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.83, further optimization of TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.85. TL (600-700) The transmittance of information acquisition area S1 for red light with wavelengths of 600nm to 700nm incident at an incident angle of 65°.

[0067] Referring to Figures 2(a) and 2(b), the vehicle window glass 10 is laminated glass. The vehicle window glass 10 includes an outer glass panel 11, an intermediate layer 12, and an inner glass panel 13, with the intermediate layer 12 sandwiched between the outer glass panel 11 and the inner glass panel 13. The outer glass panel 11 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 arranged opposite to each other. The first surface 111 serves as the outer surface of the vehicle window glass 10, facing the outside of the vehicle 1000, while the second surface 112 faces the intermediate layer 12. The inner glass panel 13 includes a third surface 131 and a fourth surface 132 arranged opposite to each other. The third surface 131 faces the intermediate layer 12, and the fourth surface 132 serves as the inner surface of the vehicle window glass 10, facing the inside of the vehicle 1000. The intermediate layer 12 connects the second surface 112 and the third surface 131.

[0068] The outer glass plate 11 is made of transparent or tinted glass, with a thickness of 0.7 mm to 4.0 mm and a visible light transmittance of 80% or higher. The inner glass plate 13 is also made of transparent or tinted glass, with a thickness of 0.7 mm to 4.0 mm and a visible light transmittance of 80% or higher. The total iron content (calculated as Fe2O3) of the transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.1%, even less than or equal to 0.05%, and further less than or equal to 0.01%, and the visible light transmittance of the transparent glass is 80% to 95%; the total iron content (calculated as Fe2O3) of the tinted glass is 0.1% to 0.8%, preferably 0.1% to 0.5%, and the visible light transmittance of the tinted glass is 80% to 90%. For example, the outer glass plate 11 can be a 2.1 mm thick transparent glass with a visible light transmittance of 89%, and the inner glass plate 13 can be a 1.6 mm thick green glass with a visible light transmittance of 83%, or a 2.1 mm thick green glass with a visible light transmittance of 80%.

[0069] The intermediate layer 12 is a transparent or colored thermoplastic polymer film, and its thickness is 0.38 mm to 2.28 mm. For example, the thickness of the intermediate layer 12 can be, but is not limited to, 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm, 1.14 mm, 1.52 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.28 mm, or other values ​​between 0.38 mm and 2.28 mm. The material of the thermoplastic polymer film can be selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ionic polymer (SentryGlasPlus, SGP). When the intermediate layer 12 is a transparent thermoplastic polymer, the visible light transmittance of the transparent thermoplastic polymer is greater than or equal to 80%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the intermediate layer 12 can be, but is not limited to, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 95%. When the intermediate layer 12 is a colored thermoplastic polymer film, the visible light transmittance of the colored thermoplastic polymer film is greater than or equal to 80%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the intermediate layer 12 can be, but is not limited to, 80%, 85%, or 90%. The colored thermoplastic polymer film can be a gray thermoplastic polymer film, a green thermoplastic polymer film, or a blue thermoplastic polymer film. Exemplarily, the intermediate layer 12 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. Examples of multi-layer structures include double-layer structures, triple-layer structures, quadruple-layer structures, and five-layer structures. The intermediate layer 12 may also have other functions, such as setting at least one colored area as a shaded area to reduce the interference of sunlight on the human eye, or adding an infrared absorber to have sun protection or heat insulation functions, or adding an ultraviolet absorber to have ultraviolet protection functions, or having a higher plasticizer content in at least one layer of the multi-layer structure to have sound insulation functions.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 3. The vehicle window glass 10 has an information acquisition area S1 and a non-information acquisition area S2. The information acquisition device 20 captures and processes the driving environment outside the vehicle 1000 into image data through the information acquisition area S1. Light from outside the vehicle 1000 passes through the information acquisition area S1 and is received by the information acquisition device 20. The non-information acquisition area S2 includes a transparent area S21 and a shielding area S22. The visible light transmittance of the transparent area S21 is greater than or equal to 70%, which is beneficial for occupants to observe the external environment through the transparent area S21. The visible light transmittance of the shielding area S22 is less than or equal to 5%, which is beneficial for shielding, protecting, and improving the overall aesthetics; preferably, the visible light transmittance of the shielding area S22 is less than or equal to 3%, more preferably less than or equal to 1%, further less than or equal to 0.5%, or even almost equal to 0, i.e., opaque. Optionally, the shielding area S22 is arranged circumferentially around the transparent area S21. Further optionally, the shielding area S22 is also arranged circumferentially around the information acquisition area S1.

[0071] Specifically, the shielding area S22 can be formed by a shielding layer, which is disposed on at least one of the second surface 112, the third surface 131, and the fourth surface 132. The material of the shielding layer can be ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink. The ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink is printed on the second surface 112, the third surface 131, and / or the fourth surface 132 by processes such as screen printing or inkjet printing, and the shielding layer is formed after curing or high-temperature sintering. The thickness of the shielding layer is 5 μm to 40 μm.

[0072] It should be noted that the information acquisition device 20 can be directly fixed to the inner surface of the vehicle window glass 10 via a bracket, that is, fixed to the fourth surface 132, which facilitates the integration of the information acquisition system 100. In other embodiments, the information acquisition device 20 can also be fixed to the vehicle body 200 via a bracket, with the optical component 22 facing the vehicle window glass 10.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 2(b). The light from outside the vehicle, i.e., the incident light T0, is incident on the first surface 111 of the information acquisition area S1. Part of the incident light T0 is reflected by the first surface 111 and does not enter the window glass 10. The other part of the incident light T0 is refracted by the first surface 111 and enters the window glass 10. The light refracted into the window glass 10 propagates to the fourth surface 132. Part of the light refracted into the window glass 10 is refracted for the first time at the fourth surface 132 and enters the interior of the vehicle 1000 to form the first refracted light T1. The first refracted light T1 continues to be transmitted and is received by the information acquisition device 20. The information acquisition device 20 processes the received first refracted light T1 to form image data as the main image. Another portion of the light refracted into the vehicle window glass 10 undergoes a first reflection at the fourth surface 132, and then sequentially travels within the window glass 10 to the first surface 111 for a second reflection, and then back to the fourth surface 132 for a second refraction. The light that enters the vehicle interior after the second refraction is called the second refracted light T2. The second refracted light T2 continues to travel and is received by the information acquisition device 20. The information acquisition device 20 processes the received second refracted light T2 to form image data as a secondary image. The light forming the primary image is the first refracted light T1, and the light forming the secondary image is the second refracted light T2.

[0074] It is understandable that there may be third, fourth, or even more refracted light within the vehicle window glass 10: light undergoing a third reflection at the fourth surface 132, a fourth reflection at the first surface 111, and a third refraction at the fourth surface 132, enters the vehicle 1000 as the third refracted light; light undergoing a fifth reflection at the fourth surface 132, a sixth reflection at the first surface 111, and a fourth refraction at the fourth surface 132, enters the vehicle 1000 as the fourth refracted light. Since the images formed by the third, fourth, or even more refracted light are extremely low in brightness and almost invisible in real-world scenarios, this application does not provide specific descriptions or illustrations of them.

[0075] In this context, the incident light T0 is either natural light or light emitted from an artificial light source. Natural light and almost all artificial light sources (LEDs, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, etc.) emit light that is unpolarized or weakly polarized. Calculations based on Snell's law, Fresnel's formula, and Lambert-Beer's law show that the first refracted light T1 is mainly P-polarized light, and the second refracted light T2 is mainly S-polarized light. Furthermore, as the incident angle θ of the incident light T0 (the angle between the incident light T0 and the normal to the car window glass 10) increases, the proportion of S-polarized light in the second refracted light T2 first increases and then decreases.

[0076] Prepare a laminated glass consisting of an outer glass plate 11, an intermediate layer 12, and an inner glass plate 13. Both the outer and inner glass plates 11 and 13 are 2.1 mm thick transparent glass with a refractive index of 1.52. The intermediate layer 12 is 0.76 mm thick transparent PVB with a refractive index of 1.49. According to standard GB9656, a spectrophotometer (company: PERKINELMER, model: LAMBDA950) is used to measure the proportion of S-polarized light in the second refracted light T2 at different incident angles θ of the incident light T0, i.e., the S-polarization ratio. As the incident angle θ of the incident light T0 increases, the S-polarization ratio in the second refracted light T2 gradually increases to over 60%, or over 70%, or over 80%, or over 90%, or over 95%, or even over 99%. Therefore, by using polarizing element 30 to reduce the proportion of S-rays in the light received by information acquisition device 20, the secondary image can be weakened or even eliminated, thus ensuring that the primary image captured and processed by information acquisition device 20 is not interfered with by the secondary image, and the final image data obtained is sufficiently clear. Preferably, the incident angle θ of incident light T0 is 25° to 69° (including the endpoint value), specifically 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 69°, etc. More preferably, the incident angle θ of incident light T0 is 30° to 68°; even more preferably, the incident angle θ of incident light T0 is 34° to 67°; and even more preferably, the incident angle θ of incident light T0 is 45° to 65°.

[0077] In this application, the polarization element 30 is located on the transmission path of light from the outside of the vehicle 1000 into the information acquisition device 20. The polarization element 30 can filter out S-polarized light in the transmitted light. The polarization element 30 may be located inside the information acquisition device 20, or between the window glass 10 and the information acquisition device 20, or on the outer or inner surface of the window glass 10, or inside the window glass 10.

[0078] As shown in Figures 2(a) and 2(b), in the first embodiment, the polarizing element 30 is housed within the housing 21 of the information acquisition device 20 and located between the optical component 22 and the image sensor 23. The first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2 are transmitted into the information acquisition device 20, passing sequentially through the optical component 22 and the polarizing element 30, and finally received by the image sensor 23. The polarizing element 30 is used to reduce the S-polarized light in the first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2 passing through the optical component 22. Alternatively, the polarizing element 30 can also be housed within the housing 21 of the information acquisition device 20 and located on the side of the optical component 22 opposite to the image sensor 23. The first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2 are transmitted into the information acquisition device 20, passing sequentially through the polarizing element 30 and the optical component 22, and finally received by the image sensor 23. The polarizing element 30 is used to reduce the S-polarized light in the first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2 passing through the vehicle window glass 10. When the optical component 22 includes multiple lenses, the polarizing element 30 can also be integrated with any one of the lenses. Figure 2 illustrates the case where the polarization element 30 is located between the optical component 22 and the image sensor 23.

[0079] Referring to Figure 5, in the second embodiment, the polarizing element 30 is located between the vehicle window glass 10 and the information acquisition device 20, and the polarizing element 30 completely covers the field of view of the information acquisition device 20. The polarizing element 30 is used to reduce the S-polarized light in the first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2 passing through the vehicle window glass 10. Exemplarily, the information acquisition system 100 also includes a bracket (not shown), which is connected to the vehicle window glass 10 and located between the vehicle window glass 10 and the information acquisition device 20. The polarizing element 30 is supported by the bracket.

[0080] Referring to Figure 6, in the third embodiment, the polarizing element 30 is located on the outer or inner surface of the window glass 10, and the polarizing element 30 completely covers the information acquisition area S1. Specifically, the polarizing element 30 is located on the fourth surface 132 or on the first surface 111. When the polarizing element 30 is located on the fourth surface 132, it is used to reduce the S-polarized light in the first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2 passing through the fourth surface 132. When the polarizing element 30 is located on the first surface 111, it is used to reduce the S-polarized light in the incident light T0 entering the window glass 10, thereby reducing the S-polarized light in the first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2.

[0081] Referring to Figure 7, in the fourth embodiment, the polarizing element 30 is located inside the window glass 10, and the polarizing element 30 completely covers the information acquisition area S1. Specifically, the polarizing element 30 is located between the third surface 131 and the intermediate layer 12, or the polarizing element 30 is embedded in the intermediate layer 12, or the polarizing element 30 is located between the second surface 112 and the intermediate layer 12. When the polarizing element 30 is located between the third surface 131 and the intermediate layer 12, the polarizing element 30 is used to reduce the S-polarized light in the light transmitted inside the window glass 10, thereby reducing the S-polarized light in the first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2. When the polarizing element 30 is embedded in the intermediate layer 12, the polarizing element 30 is used to reduce the S-polarized light in the light transmitted inside the window glass 10, thereby reducing the S-polarized light in the first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2. When the polarizing element 30 is located between the second surface 112 and the intermediate layer 12, the polarizing element 30 is used to reduce the S-polarized light in the light transmitted within the window glass 10, thereby reducing the S-polarized light in the first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2.

[0082] In this application, the transmittance of the first refracted light T1 received by the information acquisition device 20 is defined as TL1, the transmittance of the second refracted light T2 received by the information acquisition device 20 is defined as TL2, and the ratio of TL1 to TL2 is defined as the primary and secondary image transmittance ratio Cr12, where Cr12 = TL1 / TL2. It can be understood that the larger the primary and secondary image transmittance ratio Cr12, the smaller the transmittance TL2, and the less second refracted light T2 is received by the information acquisition device 20, making the secondary image less obvious or even almost invisible; conversely, the smaller the primary and secondary image transmittance ratio Cr12, the larger the transmittance TL2, and the more second refracted light T2 is received by the information acquisition device 20, making the secondary image more obvious. This application, by adding a polarization element 30, can improve the primary and secondary image transmittance ratio Cr12, thereby achieving Cr12 ≥ 95° when the incident angle θ of the incident light T0 is between 25° and 69°, thus weakening or even eliminating the secondary image. This ensures that the primary image captured and processed by the information acquisition device 20 is not interfered with by the secondary image, and the final image data obtained is sufficiently clear. Preferably, Cr12 ≥ 1000, or Cr12 ≥ 2000, or Cr12 ≥ 3000, or Cr12 ≥ 5000, or Cr12 ≥ 8000, or Cr12 ≥ 10000, or Cr12 ≥ 20000, or Cr12 ≥ 50000, etc., are beneficial to make the secondary image almost disappear and become invisible.

[0083] Prepare a first car window glass composed of an outer glass panel 11, an intermediate layer 12, and an inner glass panel 13. The outer glass panel 11 and the inner glass panel 13 are both transparent glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a refractive index of 1.52. The intermediate layer 12 is transparent PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm and a refractive index of 1.49. Prepare another second car window glass composed of a polarizing element 30, an outer glass panel 11, an intermediate layer 12, and an inner glass panel 13. The outer glass panel 11 and the inner glass panel 13 are both transparent glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a refractive index of 1.52. The intermediate layer 12 is transparent PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm and a refractive index of 1.49. The polarizing element 30 is an S-polarized light filter and is located on the fourth surface 132 of the second car window glass. This application simulates a typical dimly lit nighttime environment, using a quartz tungsten halogen lamp (from THORLABS, USA, model: LAMP--QTH10(M) Quartz Tungsten-Halogen Lamp) as the light source. The tilt angles of the first and second car windows are adjusted to achieve a predetermined incident angle θ for the incident light T0. The light emitted by the light source passes through the information acquisition area S1 of the first car window and is received by a luminance meter (model: Konica Minolta CS-2000A) and a visible light camera. The luminance meter measures the brightness of the primary and secondary images, and the visible light camera captures and processes the image data, recording the measurement results in Table 1. The light emitted by the light source sequentially passes through the information acquisition area S1 and polarization element 30 of the second car window and is received by a luminance meter (model: Konica Minolta CS-2000A) and a visible light camera. The luminance meter measures the brightness of the primary and secondary images, and the visible light camera captures and processes the image data, recording the measurement results in Table 1.

[0084] Table 1: Measurement results of the first and second vehicle windows under different light sources of varying brightness.

[0085] As shown in Table 1, when there is bright light with strong contrast outside the vehicle 1000, the visible light camera will capture a deviated secondary image. This is especially true at night when there are traffic lights, streetlights, electronic signs, etc., which may affect image recognition and driving behavior, leading to misidentification or misjudgment in certain special scenarios, and even affecting driving safety.

[0086] Specifically, the visible light camera captures images of light sources with normal and high brightness through the car window glass 10, with the incident angle θ of the incident light T0 being 25° to 69°. When there is no polarization element 30 in the transmission path of the incident light T0, the transmittance ratio of the main and secondary images Cr12 < 600, making the secondary images visible or slightly visible. When the polarization element 30 is provided in the transmission path of the incident light T0, the transmittance ratio of the main and secondary images Cr12 ≥ 965, or Cr12 ≥ 1000, or Cr12 ≥ 1400, or Cr12 ≥ 4000, or Cr12 ≥ 10000, or even Cr12 ≥ 75000, or even Cr12 ≥ 200000, making the secondary images relatively slight, extremely slight, or even invisible. This application adds a polarization element 30 to make the brightness of the secondary image low enough to make it unobservable, thereby significantly improving the deviation of the secondary image at different incident angles θ. For example, it can improve the visibility of the secondary image to a slight, very slight or invisible secondary image, or even slightly improve the secondary image to an invisible secondary image. This results in sufficiently clear image data for shooting and processing, higher recognition accuracy, and further improvement in safety and driving experience.

[0087] It is understandable that the second refracted light T2 is mainly S-polarized light. When the incident angle θ of the incident light T0 is in the range of 25° to 69°, the proportion of S-polarized light in the second refracted light T2 is greater than 70% or even greater than 95%. By adding polarization element 30, the S-polarized light in the second refracted light T2 can be greatly reduced. The intensity of the second refracted light T2 passing through polarization element 30 is insufficient to form a secondary image in the information acquisition device 20. In other words, the secondary image formed by the second refracted light T2 is almost invisible. This can avoid the secondary image generated in the information acquisition device 20 from interfering with the main image and improve the clarity of the image acquired by the information acquisition device 20.

[0088] In some embodiments, at least one of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 13 is tinted glass, which helps to more significantly reduce the brightness of the secondary image, thereby facilitating a further increase in the primary-secondary image transmittance Cr12. Specifically, for example, the outer glass plate 11 may be green glass and the inner glass plate 13 may be clear glass; or, the outer glass plate 11 may be clear glass and the inner glass plate 13 may be green glass; or, both the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 13 may be green glass.

[0089] In typical nighttime driving environments, there are light sources such as traffic lights, streetlights, and electronic signs. The brightness of these light sources at the optimal shooting distance of the information collection device 20 is usually less than 100,000 cd / m². 2Secondary images are usually located near the primary image or are superimposed on it. When the primary and secondary images have a sufficiently large transmittance ratio of Cr12, such as Cr12≥950, that is, when the primary and secondary images have a sufficiently large contrast ratio, the exposure time of the visible light camera becomes shorter and the aperture becomes smaller, resulting in a significant reduction in the amount of light entering the secondary image, which in turn makes the secondary image very faint or almost invisible.

[0090] It should be noted that the polarization element 30 is located in the transmission path of the incident light T0 and can significantly reduce the transmission of S-polarized light. This not only reduces the S-polarized light in the second refracted light T2 that forms the secondary image, but also reduces the S-polarized light in the first refracted light T1 that forms the primary image. This is more conducive to capturing high-intensity light sources and improves or even avoids the phenomenon of blown-out images in the primary image. Of course, if the brightness of the light source itself is very low, the primary image may be too dark or have too much noise. In this case, the information acquisition device 20 can use measures such as optimizing the exposure value and increasing the sensitivity of the image sensor 23 to optimize the imaging effect of the primary image.

[0091] To satisfy the transmittance ratio Cr12≥950 for the primary and secondary images, this application preferably has an extinction ratio of polarizing element 30 greater than 80:1. Extinction ratio of polarizing element 30: When polarizing element 30 and another polarizing element P1 are placed side-by-side, with polarizing element 30 acting as the polarizer and polarizing element P1 as the analyzer, the ratio of the maximum transmitted light intensity to the minimum transmitted light intensity obtained when polarizing element P1 rotates is called the extinction ratio.

[0092] Optionally, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element 30 is greater than or equal to 100:1. Further optionally, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element 30 is greater than or equal to 500:1. Even more optionally, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element 30 is greater than or equal to 1000:1. Still more optionally, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element 30 is greater than or equal to 5000:1. Even more preferably, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element 30 is greater than or equal to 10000:1.

[0093] The receiving angle of polarizing element 30 is less than ±90°. The receiving angle of polarizing element 30 can be ±60°, ±50°, ±40°, ±30°, or ±20°. The number of polarizing elements 30 can be one or more. This embodiment only illustrates the example with one polarizing element 30. The receiving angle is the maximum deviation from the designed incident angle; at this angle, the polarizing element 30 will still operate within its specifications.

[0094] It should be noted that the polarizing element 30 can be a linear polarizer or a circular polarizer. The type of polarizing element 30 can be, but is not limited to, a thin-film polarizer, a nanoparticle polarizer, a birefringent crystal polarizer, a wire grating polarizer, a dielectric film polarizing beam splitter, a Brewster window, a polarizing bandpass polarizer, and an anti-polarizing plate.

[0095] Referring to Figures 8(a) and 8(b), this application provides a second embodiment of an information acquisition system 100. In this embodiment, the polarization element 30 is housed within the housing 21 of the information acquisition device 20 and located between the optical component 22 and the image sensor 23. The inner glass plate 13 is provided with a first through groove 133, which penetrates the third surface 131 and the fourth surface 132. The intermediate layer 12 is provided with a second through groove 121, which penetrates two surfaces of the intermediate layer 12 that are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction. Along the thickness direction of the window glass 10, the orthographic projection of the first through groove 133 onto the second surface 112 of the outer glass plate 11 completely covers the information acquisition area S1, and the orthographic projection of the second through groove 121 onto the second surface 112 of the outer glass plate 11 completely covers the information acquisition area S1. The second through groove 121 is connected to the first through groove 133. It is understandable that the information acquisition area S1 of the car window glass 10 only retains the outer glass plate 11. The incident light T0 passes through the outer glass plate 11, the optical component 22, and the polarization element 30 in sequence before being received by the image sensor 23. The incident light T0 does not pass through the intermediate layer 12 and the inner glass plate 13. Since the thickness of the outer glass plate 11 is significantly smaller than the total thickness of the outer glass plate 11, the intermediate layer 12, and the inner glass plate 13, it is beneficial to further reduce or even eliminate the deviation of the secondary image.

[0096] In some other embodiments, the polarizing element 30 may also be housed within the housing 21 of the information acquisition device 20 and located on the side of the optical assembly 22 opposite to the image sensor 23. In other still embodiments, the polarizing element 30 is located between the window glass 10 and the information acquisition device 20, and the polarizing element 30 completely covers the field of view of the information acquisition device 20. The polarizing element 30 is used to reduce the S-polarized light in the first refracted light T1 and the second refracted light T2 passing through the outer glass plate 11.

[0097] Referring to Figure 9, the inner glass panel 13 has a first through groove 133, which penetrates the third surface 131 and the fourth surface 132. The intermediate layer 12 has a second through groove 121, which penetrates the two surfaces of the intermediate layer 12 that are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction. Along the thickness direction of the window glass 10, the orthographic projection of the first through groove 133 onto the second surface 112 of the outer glass panel 11 completely covers the information acquisition area S1, and the orthographic projection of the second through groove 121 onto the second surface 112 of the outer glass panel 11 completely covers the information acquisition area S1. The second through groove 121 is connected to the first through groove 133. It can be understood that the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 10 only retains the outer glass panel 11; the polarizing element 30 is disposed on the fourth surface 132 and completely covers the first through groove 133. The incident light T0 passes through the outer glass plate 11, the polarizing element 30, and the optical component 22 in sequence before being received by the image sensor 23. The incident light T0 does not pass through the intermediate layer 12 and the inner glass plate 13. Since the thickness of the outer glass plate 11 is significantly smaller than the total thickness of the outer glass plate 11, the intermediate layer 12, and the inner glass plate 13, it is beneficial to further reduce or even eliminate the deviation of the secondary image.

[0098] Referring to Figure 10, the inner glass panel 13 has a first through groove 133, which penetrates the third surface 131 and the fourth surface 132. The intermediate layer 12 has a second through groove 121, which penetrates the two surfaces of the intermediate layer 12 that are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction. Along the thickness direction of the window glass 10, the orthographic projection of the first through groove 133 onto the second surface 112 of the outer glass panel 11 completely covers the information acquisition area S1, and the orthographic projection of the second through groove 121 onto the second surface 112 of the outer glass panel 11 completely covers the information acquisition area S1. The second through groove 121 is connected to the first through groove 133. It can be understood that the information acquisition area S1 of the window glass 10 only retains the outer glass panel 11; the polarizing element 30 is disposed on the second surface 112 and completely covers the information acquisition area S1. The incident light T0 passes sequentially through the outer glass plate 11, the polarizing element 30, and the optical assembly 22 before being received by the image sensor 23. The incident light T0 does not pass through the intermediate layer 12 and the inner glass plate 13. Since the thickness of the outer glass plate 11 is significantly less than the total thickness of the outer glass plate 11, the intermediate layer 12, and the inner glass plate 13, this helps to further reduce or even eliminate the secondary image deviation. In some other embodiments, the polarizing element 30 can also be disposed on the first surface 111 and completely cover the information acquisition area S1.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 11. Figure 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the secondary image deviation angle, the thickness of the outer glass plate 11, and the radius of curvature of the outer glass plate 11, calculated based on simulation. The horizontal axis represents the radius of curvature of the outer glass plate 11, and the vertical axis represents the angle between the light rays forming the primary image and the light rays forming the secondary image (i.e., the secondary image deviation angle). The first curve L1 represents an outer glass plate 11 with a thickness of 1.8 mm, the second curve L21 represents an outer glass plate 11 with a thickness of 2.1 mm, the third curve L3 represents an outer glass plate 11 with a thickness of 2.5 mm, and the fourth curve L4 represents an outer glass plate 11 with a thickness of 3.0 mm. The simulation condition is an incident light angle of 60°.

[0100] As shown in Figure 11, when the incident angle θ of the incident light T0 is 60°, the thickness of the outer glass plate 11 remains constant. As the radius of curvature of the outer glass plate 11 decreases, the deviation angle of the secondary image tends to increase, meaning the primary and secondary images gradually move away from each other, and the deviation of the secondary image becomes more severe. Conversely, when the radius of curvature of the outer glass plate 11 remains constant, the deviation angle of the secondary image tends to decrease as the thickness of the outer glass plate 11 decreases, meaning the primary and secondary images gradually move closer together, thus reducing the deviation angle of the secondary image.

[0101] It is understood that in this embodiment, based on setting the polarization element 30 to make the secondary image formed by the second refracted light T2 almost invisible, by setting the first through groove 133 and the second through groove 121 in the inner glass plate 13 and the intermediate layer 12 respectively, the thickness of the part of the car window glass 10 corresponding to the information acquisition area S1 is reduced, which can reduce the deviation angle of the secondary image, improve the overlap between the secondary image and the primary image, and thus further reduce the interference of the secondary image on the primary image and improve the clarity of the image acquired by the information acquisition device 20.

[0102] Furthermore, the secondary image deviation angle increases as the radius of curvature of the window glass 10 decreases. Therefore, the thickness of the portion of the window glass 10 corresponding to the information acquisition area S1 is reduced. This allows for a smaller secondary image deviation angle and a more moderate reduction in the radius of curvature of the window glass 10, thus increasing the design flexibility of the window glass 10's radius of curvature. In particular, since the information acquisition area S1 is typically located on the side of the window glass 10 near the top of the vehicle 1000, the portion of the window glass 10 corresponding to the information acquisition area S1 needs to transition with the vehicle 1000's roof or sunroof. In this location, the radius of curvature of the window glass 10 is usually small, generally required to be 2000mm-5000mm.

[0103] In addition, reducing the thickness of the portion of the car window glass 10 corresponding to the information acquisition area S1 can significantly improve the optical distortion problem of the image acquisition device 20, which is beneficial to improving the modulation transfer function (MTF) and thus improving image clarity.

[0104] Referring to Figures 12(a) and 12(b), this application provides a third embodiment of the information acquisition system 100. When the transmittance ratio Cr12 of the primary and secondary images is large, especially when the primary and secondary images are close to each other, the human eye usually has difficulty distinguishing the secondary image. Visible light cameras cannot achieve the resolving power of the human eye. In some special cases, some visible light cameras may process extremely weak secondary images as having a higher brightness value than the actual brightness during image processing, leading to secondary image deviation. In this embodiment, the information acquisition area S1 of the car window glass 10 is designed with a wedge-shaped cross-section in the vertical direction. The wedge angle of the information acquisition area S1 ensures that the secondary image deviation angle of the information acquisition area S1 is less than or equal to 3 arcmin. It is understood that the thickness of the information acquisition area S1 gradually decreases in the vertical direction from the top to the bottom. That is, the first surface 111 of the outer glass plate 11 and the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass plate 13 are at least relatively inclined in the information acquisition area S1. One or more of the outer glass plate 11, the intermediate layer 12, and the inner glass plate 13 may have a wedge-shaped cross-section in the vertical direction of the information acquisition area S1, so that the information acquisition area S1 as a whole is wedge-shaped. For example, the intermediate layer 12 has a wedge-shaped cross-section in the vertical direction of the information acquisition area S1, and the cross-sections of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 13 are both rectangular in the vertical direction.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 12(a). The polarizing element 30 is located inside the information acquisition device 20. It is understood that when the cross-section of the window glass 10 in the vertical direction is wedge-shaped, as shown in Figure 13, the polarizing element 30 can also be located inside the window glass 10, or, as shown in Figure 14, the polarizing element 30 can also be located on the outer or inner surface of the window glass 10, or the polarizing element 30 can also be located between the window glass 10 and the information acquisition device 20. This application provides a third embodiment of the information acquisition system 100, which uses the polarizing element 30 in conjunction with the wedge angle of the information acquisition area S1 to further reduce the secondary image deviation and achieve clearer image quality. The wedge angle of the information acquisition area S1 can be selected as 0.1 mrad to 0.8 mrad, or 0.15 mrad to 0.75 mrad, or 0.2 mrad to 0.6 mrad, or 0.25 mrad to 0.55 mrad. From the perspectives of ease of manufacturing the window glass 10 and ease of production control of the wedge angle, it is preferable that the wedge angle of the information collection area S1 is constant or linearly variable.

[0106] In this application, the vehicle 1000 also includes a head-up display (not shown). The head-up display is located inside the vehicle 1000. The transparent area S21 includes the head-up display area. The head-up display emits projected light to the head-up display area, and the head-up display area reflects the projected light to the eyes of the occupant to form a head-up display image. The cross-section of the head-up display area in the vertical direction is wedge-shaped. The wedge angle of the head-up display area can make the reflected primary image and the reflected secondary image of the head-up display image coincide as much as possible or even completely coincide, thereby reducing or even eliminating reflection ghosting. The wedge angle of the head-up display area can be selected from 0.1mrad to 0.8mrad, or 0.15mrad to 0.75mrad, or 0.2mrad to 0.6mrad, or 0.25mrad to 0.55mrad. From the perspective of manufacturing convenience of the window glass 10 and ease of production control of the wedge angle, it is preferable that the wedge angle of the head-up display area is constant or linearly varying.

[0107] When the vehicle window glass 10 is simultaneously equipped with a head-up display area and an information acquisition area S1, the wedge angle of the head-up display area is used to reduce or even eliminate reflected ghosting, and the wedge angle of the information acquisition area S1 is used to reduce or even eliminate secondary image deviation. The head-up display area and the information acquisition area S1 are separated from each other in the vertical direction, and the wedge angle of the head-up display area is usually not equal to the wedge angle of the information acquisition area S1. Based on the stability of the overall wedge angle manufacturing of the vehicle window glass 10, this application makes the wedge angle of the transition area between the head-up display area and the information acquisition area S1 change smoothly. In one possible embodiment, the maximum rate of change (ROC) of the wedge angle of the transition area satisfies ROC≤0.3mrad / 100mm. In another possible embodiment, the maximum rate of change of the wedge angle of the transition area satisfies ROC≤0.2mrad / 100mm. In yet another possible embodiment, the maximum rate of change of the wedge angle of the transition area satisfies ROC≤0.1mrad / 100mm. In yet another possible embodiment, the maximum rate of change of the wedge angle of the transition area satisfies ROC≤0.05mrad / 100mm.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 15. This application provides a fourth embodiment of the information acquisition system 100. In this embodiment, the information acquisition system 100 further includes a wedge block 14. The wedge block 14 allows incident light T0 to pass through. The wedge block 14 is connected to the window glass 10. The wedge block 14 completely covers the information acquisition area S1. The wedge block 14 is used to ensure that the secondary image deviation angle is less than or equal to 3 arcmin. Specifically, the wedge block 14 is connected to the first surface 111 of the outer glass panel 11. From the top to the bottom of the vehicle 1000, the thickness of the wedge block 14 gradually decreases in the vertical direction, and the incident light T0 passes through the wedge block 14 to reach the first surface 111 and enters the window glass 10. In some other embodiments, the wedge block 14 may also be connected to the fourth surface 132 of the inner glass panel 13, and the incident light T0 passes through the fourth surface 132 of the window glass 10 and enters the wedge block 14.

[0109] Referring to Figure 15, the polarizing element 30 is located within the window glass 10 and embedded within the intermediate layer 12. It is understood that when the window glass 10 also includes the wedge block 14, as shown in Figure 16, the polarizing element 30 can also be located within the information acquisition device 20; or, as shown in Figure 17, the polarizing element 30 can also be located on the outer or inner surface of the window glass 10; or, the polarizing element 30 can also be located between the window glass 10 and the information acquisition device 20.

[0110] Please refer to Figure 18. This application provides a fifth embodiment of the information acquisition system 100. The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the window glass 10 is provided with a receiving groove 15, which sequentially penetrates the outer glass panel 11, the intermediate layer 12, and the inner glass panel 13. A wedge-shaped block 14 is fixed within the receiving groove 15 and completely covers the information acquisition area S1. The wedge-shaped block 14 is used to ensure that the secondary image deviation angle of the information acquisition area S1 is less than or equal to 3 arcmin. From the top to the bottom of the vehicle 1000, the thickness of the wedge-shaped block 14 gradually decreases in the vertical direction.

[0111] In Figure 18, the polarizing element 30 can be located on the outer or inner surface of the window glass 10. It is understood that when the window glass 10 is provided with a receiving groove 15 and the wedge block 14 is fixed within the receiving groove 15, as shown in Figure 19, the polarizing element 30 can also be located within the information acquisition device 20; or, as shown in Figure 20, the polarizing element 30 can also be located within the window glass 10; or, the polarizing element 30 can also be located between the window glass 10 and the information acquisition device 20.

[0112] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An information collection system applied to a vehicle, wherein, The information acquisition system includes a vehicle window glass, an information acquisition device, and a polarization element; The vehicle window glass has an information acquisition area. Incident light passes through the information acquisition area of ​​the vehicle window glass to form a first refracted light and a second refracted light. The information acquisition device is used to receive the first refracted light and the second refracted light. The polarization element is located on the transmission path of the incident light from the outside of the vehicle into the information acquisition device. When the incident angle θ of the incident light is 25° to 69°, the information acquisition system has a primary-to-secondary image transmittance ratio Cr12, where Cr12 ≥ 950.

2. The information collection system according to claim 1, wherein, The Cr12 is ≥1000, or ≥2000, or ≥3000, or ≥5000, or ≥8000, or ≥10000, or ≥20000, or ≥50000, or ≥75000, or ≥200000.

3. The information collection system according to claim 1, wherein, The vehicle window glass has an outer surface and an inner surface; The polarization element is located inside the information acquisition device, or between the vehicle window glass and the information acquisition device, or on the outer or inner surface of the vehicle window glass, or inside the vehicle window glass.

4. The information collection system according to claim 1, wherein, The information acquisition device includes a housing, an optical component, and an image sensor. The optical component and the image sensor are housed within the housing, and the optical component is located between the image sensor and the vehicle window glass.

5. The information acquisition system according to claim 4, wherein, The polarization element is located between the optical component and the image sensor, or the polarization element is housed within the housing of the information acquisition device and located on the side of the optical component opposite to the image sensor.

6. The information acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein, The vehicle window glass includes an outer glass panel, an intermediate layer, and an inner glass panel. The outer glass panel includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, with the first surface serving as the outer surface of the vehicle window glass. The inner glass panel includes a third surface and a fourth surface arranged opposite to each other, with the fourth surface serving as the inner surface of the vehicle window glass. The intermediate layer connects the second surface and the third surface.

7. The information acquisition system according to claim 6, wherein, The polarizing element is located between the third surface and the intermediate layer, or the polarizing element is embedded in the intermediate layer, or the polarizing element is located between the second surface and the intermediate layer.

8. The information collection system according to claim 1, wherein, The information acquisition device is a visible light camera, which is selected from at least one of a standard camera, a narrow-angle camera, and a wide-angle camera; the horizontal field of view (HFOV) of the standard camera is 40°≤HFOV≤90°, the horizontal field of view (HFOV) of the narrow-angle camera is HFOV<40°, and the horizontal field of view (HFOV) of the wide-angle camera is 90°<HFOV≤180°.

9. The information collection system according to claim 1, wherein, The information acquisition area has a transmittance TL for visible light with wavelengths of 440nm to 700nm incident at a 65° incident angle. (440-700) TL (440-700) ≥60%, or TL (440-700) ≥65%, or TL (440-700) ≥70%, or TL (440-700) ≥75%, or TL (440-700) ≥80%, or TL (440-700) ≥85%.

10. The information acquisition system according to claim 9, wherein, The information acquisition area has a transmittance TL for red light with a wavelength of 600nm to 700nm incident at a 65° incident angle. (600-700) TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.8, or TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.83, or TL (600-700) / TL (440-700) ≥0.

85.

11. The information acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein, The vehicle window glass also has a non-information collection area, which includes a transparent area and a shielded area. The visible light transmittance of the transparent area is greater than or equal to 70%, and the visible light transmittance of the shielded area is less than or equal to 5%.

12. The information acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein, The incident angle θ of the incident light is 30° to 68°, or the incident angle θ is 34° to 67°, or the incident angle θ is 45° to 65°.

13. The information acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein, The extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than 80:1; or, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than or equal to 100:1; or, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than or equal to 500:1; or, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than or equal to 1000:1; or, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than or equal to 5000:1; or, the extinction ratio of the polarizing element is greater than or equal to 10000:

1.

14. The information acquisition system according to claim 6, wherein, The inner glass plate is provided with a first through groove, which penetrates the third surface and the fourth surface; the intermediate layer is provided with a second through groove, which penetrates two surfaces of the intermediate layer that are disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction. Along the thickness direction of the window glass, the orthographic projection of the first through groove on the second surface completely covers the information collection area, and the orthographic projection of the second through groove on the second surface completely covers the information collection area. The second through groove is connected to the first through groove.

15. The information acquisition system according to claim 14, wherein, The polarizing element is disposed on the fourth surface and completely covers the first through slot; or, the polarizing element is disposed on the second surface and completely covers the information acquisition area; or, the polarizing element is disposed on the first surface and completely covers the information acquisition area.

16. The information acquisition system according to claim 14, wherein, The radius of curvature of the information acquisition area is 2000mm-5000mm.

17. The information acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein, The cross-section of the information acquisition area along the vertical direction is wedge-shaped, so that the deviation angle of the secondary image of the information acquisition area is less than or equal to 3arcmin.

18. The information acquisition system according to claim 6, wherein, The information acquisition system further includes a wedge block, which is connected to the first surface or the fourth surface. The wedge block completely covers the information acquisition area and is used to make the secondary image deviation angle of the information acquisition area less than or equal to 3arcmin.

19. The information acquisition system according to claim 6, wherein, The information acquisition system also includes a wedge block. The car window glass is provided with a receiving groove, which passes through the outer glass plate, the intermediate layer and the inner glass plate in sequence. The wedge block is fixed in the receiving groove and completely covers the information acquisition area. The wedge block is used to make the secondary image deviation angle of the information acquisition area less than or equal to 3arcmin.

20. A vehicle, wherein, It includes a vehicle body and an information collection system according to any one of claims 1-19, wherein the information collection system is mounted on the vehicle body.

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