Disel fuel reforming reactor

Abstract

Provided is a diesel fuel reforming reactor comprising: a reactor main body (100) in which a catalyst is provided and a reaction occurs; a two-fluid nozzle (200) fastened to an upper portion of the main body to atomize a first mixed fluid of air and diesel; and a mixing jacket (300) provided on a side surface of the main body to mix a second mixed fluid of air and steam, wherein the second mixed fluid in the mixing jacket (300) is mixed in the mixing jacket for a predetermined time and then introduced into the reactor main body (100) through a plurality of through-holes (310) formed on a side surface of the reactor main body.

Description

diesel fuel reforming reactor

[0001] The present invention relates to a diesel fuel reforming reactor, and more specifically, to a diesel fuel reforming reactor that suppresses carbon deposition, improves the durability of a catalyst, and maintains stable reforming efficiency and gas composition for a long period of time.

[0002] A fuel reformer is a device that converts fuels such as natural gas, LPG, gasoline, methanol, and diesel into reformed gas containing hydrogen through a catalytic reaction and supplies it to a fuel cell. It requires high efficiency and miniaturization that can be applied to household fuel cells, and it must be able to stably produce high-concentration hydrogen.

[0003] Fuel reformers are classified into partial oxidation (POX), steam reformer (SR), and autothermal reformer (ATR) depending on the reforming method.

[0004] At this time, partial oxidation reforming is an exothermic reaction, so it does not require heat supply and has a fast response characteristic, but has the disadvantage of low hydrogen conversion efficiency, and the steam reforming reaction is usually a strong endothermic reaction, so a high temperature is required to increase the hydrogen conversion rate of the fuel.

[0005] Generally, the reaction conditions under which a catalyst is used are a reaction temperature of 700 to 850°C, a pressure of normal pressure to 40 atm, and a gas space velocity (GHSV) of approximately 3,000 to 6,000 hr-1. The catalyst composition is in the form of reduced nickel supported (approximately 10 to 12%) on a heat-resistant carrier (α-alumina or calcium aluminate), so the surface area is less than 10 m2 / g.

[0006] Steam reforming has a high hydrogen conversion efficiency, but it has the disadvantage of requiring heat supply because it is an endothermic reaction and has slow response characteristics.

[0007] The autothermal reformer can utilize the advantages of partial oxidation reforming and steam reforming, and has the advantages of requiring less energy and having a fast response characteristic. In addition, since steam reforming is an endothermic reaction and partial oxidation reaction is an exothermic reaction, the autothermal reforming reaction can proceed without supplying energy if thermal equilibrium is maintained.

[0008] However, there are patents for such autothermal reforming reactors, such as Korean Patent Publication No. 2018-0002263. These diesel fuel reforming reactors take advantage of diesel's advantages, such as high hydrogen density per unit mass and volume, ease of storage and transportation, and easy availability of fuel, but they have problems such as supply and mixing issues due to high boiling point and viscosity, reduced reforming efficiency due to aromatic hydrocarbons contained in the fuel, and serious carbon deposition that occurs during reforming.

[0009] Therefore, there is a need to develop a new reforming reactor and its operation method that can solve the problems of these conventional diesel fuel reforming reactors.

[0010] Therefore, the present invention provides a new reforming reactor and its operation method that can solve the problems of conventional diesel fuel reforming reactors.

[0011] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a diesel fuel reforming reactor, comprising: a reactor body (100) having a catalyst provided therein and in which a reaction occurs; a dual-fluid nozzle (200) fastened to the upper portion of the body to atomize a first mixed fluid of air and diesel; and a mixing jacket (300) provided on a side of the body to mix a second mixed fluid of air and steam; wherein the second fluid mixed in the mixing jacket (300) is mixed within the mixing jacket for a predetermined period of time and then flows into the reactor body (100) through a plurality of through holes (310) provided on the side of the reactor body.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the position of the through hole (310) in the reactor body (100) is determined according to the injection distance (L1) of the liquid nozzle (200).

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the position of the through hole (310) in the reactor body (100) is 1 / 6 to 1 / 3 of the injection distance (L1) of the liquid nozzle (200).

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the position of the through hole (310) in the reactor body (100) is 1 / 4 of the injection distance (L1) of the liquid nozzle (200).

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the amount of air in the second mixed fluid is determined according to the amount of air required for atomization of the first mixed fluid.

[0016] The diesel fuel reforming reactor according to the present invention supplies fuel by atomizing diesel using a two-stage nozzle. This enables a uniform mixing of fuel, steam, and air by utilizing an autothermal reforming reaction that suppresses carbon deposition through rapid reaction characteristics and the supply of steam. As a result, carbon deposition is suppressed, catalyst durability is enhanced, and stable reforming efficiency and gas composition can be maintained for an extended period of time.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a reactor according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the position of a through hole (310) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figures 3 and 4 show the carbon deposition results of a catalyst (catalyst manufactured under Korean Patent No. 10-1459191) when diesel is reformed using a reactor according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 is a graph of reforming efficiency and gas composition during long-term operation according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 is a graph of efficiency when the same amount of steam and air are injected by mixing them on a flow line rather than mixing them in advance in a mixing jacket.

[0022] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0023] Before describing the present invention in detail, it should be noted that the terms or words used in this specification should not be interpreted as being unconditionally limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, and the inventor of the present invention may appropriately define and use the concepts of various terms in order to describe his or her invention in the best possible manner.

[0024] Furthermore, it should be noted that these terms and words should be interpreted with meanings and concepts that are consistent with the technical idea of ​​the present invention.

[0025] That is, the terms used in this specification are only used to describe preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to specifically limit the contents of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that these terms are defined taking into account the various possibilities of the present invention.

[0027] Additionally, in this specification, a singular expression may include a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates a different meaning.

[0028] Also, it should be noted that even if similarly expressed in plural, it can contain singular meaning.

[0029] Throughout this specification, whenever a component is described as "including" another component, it may mean that the component may further include any other component, rather than excluding any other component, unless specifically stated otherwise.

[0030] Furthermore, if a component is described as being "internal to, connected to, or installed within" another component, it is understood that the component may be directly connected to, or installed in contact with, the other component.

[0031] Additionally, they may be installed spaced apart at a certain distance, and in the case where they are installed spaced apart at a certain distance, there may be a third component or means for fixing or connecting the component to another component.

[0032] Meanwhile, it should be noted that the description of the third component or means may be omitted.

[0033] On the other hand, if a component is described as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that no third component or means exists.

[0034] Likewise, other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "directly between", or "adjacent to" and "directly adjacent to", should be interpreted as having the same meaning.

[0035] Additionally, in this specification, terms such as “one side,” “the other side,” “one side,” “the other side,” “first,” and “second” are used to clearly distinguish one component from another component.

[0036] However, it should be noted that the meaning of the component is not limited by such terms.

[0037] Additionally, terms relating to position, such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., in this specification, if used, should be understood to indicate relative positions in the drawing for the corresponding components.

[0038] Additionally, unless absolute locations are specified for these locations, these location-related terms should not be understood as referring to absolute locations.

[0039] Moreover, in the specification of the present invention, terms such as “part”, “device”, “module”, “device”, etc., if used, mean a unit capable of processing one or more functions or operations.

[0040] It should be noted that this can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0041] In the drawings attached to this specification, the size, position, connection relationship, etc. of each component constituting the present invention may be described with some exaggeration, reduction, or omission in order to sufficiently clearly convey the idea of ​​the present invention or for convenience of explanation, and therefore the proportions or scales may not be strict.

[0042] In addition, in the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of a configuration that is judged to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, for example, a known technology including a prior art, may be omitted.

[0043] To address the aforementioned issues, the present invention utilizes a portion of the air required for the reaction to atomize diesel, and the remaining air is mixed with steam and supplied into the reactor from the side of the reactor. In particular, the present invention has confirmed that when fuel is supplied from the top of the reactor using this two-stage nozzle, the location of the steam / air supply within the reactor significantly affects the overall reaction efficiency.

[0044] The present invention will be described in more detail using the drawings and examples below.

[0045] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a reactor according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 1, a reactor according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a reactor body (100) that provides a space within which a reaction occurs. In one embodiment of the present invention, the reactor body (100) has a cylindrical structure, but as long as a catalyst is provided within the reactor body and a reaction occurs, this falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0047] A fuel nozzle (200) for atomizing a first mixed fluid of air and diesel is provided on the upper part of the reactor body (100).

[0048] The above-mentioned fuel nozzle (200) receives a mixed fluid of diesel and air from an inlet line (not shown) and atomizes it into droplets of a predetermined size inside the reactor. This induces a rapid reaction and suppresses carbon deposition through uniform mixing with water vapor, which will be described in more detail below.

[0049] The present invention, in particular, newly recognizes that the uniform mixing with steam is very important along with the uniform supply of diesel into the reactor for such carbon deposition and reaction efficiency, and provides a configuration in which a mixing jacket (300) is provided on the side of the main body to mix a second mixed fluid of air and steam; and the second fluid mixed in the mixing jacket (300) is mixed within the mixing jacket for a predetermined period of time and then flows into the reactor main body (100) through a plurality of through holes (310) provided on the side of the reactor main body.

[0050] The present invention supplies steam together with air to the side of the reactor body (100), and surrounds the side of the reactor with a separate mixing space, a mixing jacket (300), so that steam and air are uniformly mixed for a predetermined period of time according to the reaction purpose, and then steam is supplied through a through hole (310) formed on the side of the reactor body (100) at regular intervals.

[0051] Additionally, the amount of air in the second mixed fluid is determined based on the amount of air required for atomization of the first mixed fluid. For example, in a reaction with the same oxygen demand, if a greater amount of air is used for a longer injection distance, the amount of air mixed with the water vapor can be relatively reduced, thereby uniformly adjusting the appropriate amount of oxygen required for the reaction.

[0052] In the present invention, the position of the through hole (310) is very important for the overall reaction efficiency and prevention of carbon deposition, and in one embodiment of the present invention, it is 1 / 6 to 1 / 3 of the injection distance (L1) of the fuel nozzle (200), and most preferably 1 / 4, which will be described in more detail using the drawings below.

[0053] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the position of a through hole (310) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Referring to FIG. 2, a plurality of through holes (310) according to one embodiment of the present invention are provided at the same angle (for example, at least 18 or more), and their positions (L3) may be located within 1 / 6 to 1 / 3 of the spray distance (L1) of the nozzle, for example, at a 1 / 4 point.

[0055] In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst is positioned below the spray distance + mixing distance of the nozzle, and the catalyst may be a conventional catalyst used in conventional autothermal reforming, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to a specific catalyst type.

[0056] FIGS. 3 and 4 are carbon deposition results of a catalyst (catalyst manufactured under Korean Patent No. 10-1459191) when diesel is reformed using a reactor according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows the results when a mixing jacket (300) is used as in the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows the results when steam and air are directly supplied through multiple nozzles under the same conditions without using a mixing jacket (300).

[0057] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, it can be confirmed that carbon deposition of the catalyst is significantly reduced by using the mixing jacket (300) and the through hole (310).

[0058] Figure 5 is a graph of reforming efficiency and gas composition during long-term operation according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Referring to Figure 5, it can be seen that stable response efficiency is shown even when driving for as long as 800 hours.

[0060] Figure 6 is a graph of efficiency when the same amount of steam and air are injected by mixing them on a flow line rather than mixing them in advance in a mixing jacket.

[0061] Referring to Fig. 6, it can be seen that the efficiency is only about 60% after 120 hours. Compared with the results of Fig. 5, it is suggested that when mixing is performed by spraying steam within a specific distance range within the spray distance of the above-mentioned liquid nozzle after mixing using the mixing jacket according to the present invention, excellent reforming efficiency is achieved over a long period of time.

[0062] As described above, the diesel fuel reforming reactor according to the present invention supplies fuel by atomizing diesel using a two-stage nozzle. This enables a uniform mixing of fuel, steam, and air by utilizing an autothermal reforming reaction that suppresses carbon deposition by its rapid reaction characteristics and the supply of steam. As a result, carbon deposition is suppressed, catalyst durability is enhanced, and stable reforming efficiency and gas composition can be maintained for an extended period of time.

[0063] The present invention is a diesel fuel reforming reactor, and its industrial applicability is recognized.

Claims

1. In a diesel fuel reforming reactor, A reactor body (100) in which a catalyst is provided inside and a reaction occurs; A fuel nozzle (200) that is attached to the upper part of the main body and atomizes the first mixed fluid of air and diesel; It includes a mixing jacket (300) provided on the side of the main body to mix a second mixed fluid of air and water vapor; A diesel fuel reforming reactor characterized in that the second fluid mixed in the mixing jacket (300) is mixed within the mixing jacket for a predetermined period of time and then flows into the reactor body (100) through a plurality of through holes (310) provided on the side of the reactor body.

2. In paragraph 1, A diesel fuel reforming reactor, characterized in that the position of the above through hole (310) in the above reactor body (100) is determined according to the injection distance (L1) of the fuel nozzle (200).

3. In paragraph 1, A diesel fuel reforming reactor, characterized in that the position of the through hole (310) in the reactor body (100) is 1 / 6 to 1 / 3 of the injection distance (L1) of the fuel nozzle (200).

4. In paragraph 3, A diesel fuel reforming reactor, characterized in that the position of the above-mentioned through hole (310) in the reactor body (100) is 1 / 4 of the injection distance (L1) of the fuel nozzle (200).

5. In paragraph 1, A diesel fuel reforming reactor, characterized in that the amount of air in the second mixed fluid is determined according to the amount of air required for atomization of the first mixed fluid.

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