Beamforming training method, communication device, and chip

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a beamforming training method, a communication device, and a chip. The beamforming training method of the present application comprises: within a sensing availability window and before performing sensing measurement with a sensing responding end, sending a first frame to the sensing responding end, wherein the first frame is used for instructing the sensing responding end to perform beamforming training (BFT) within the sensing availability window; and after receiving a second frame sent by the sensing responding end in response to the first frame, performing the BFT with the sensing responding end in a millimeter-wave frequency band. By means of the present application, a beam pair (a sending beam and a receiving beam) having the best transmission quality within a sensing availability window can be obtained, thereby improving the sensing measurement efficiency in an IMMW.

Description

Beamforming training methods, communication equipment and chips Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to integrated millimeter wave (IMMW) technology, and more particularly to a method for beamforming training, a communication device, and a chip. Background Technology

[0002] IMMW technology considers a shared baseband, enabling a wireless local area network (WLAN) device to communicate in both sub-7GHz and higher-45GHz frequency bands. This allows for high-throughput, low-latency communication services while saving hardware costs and power consumption, utilizing the abundant spectrum resources of millimeter wave (mmWave). It can also achieve high-precision, high-resolution sensing tasks.

[0003] Before millimeter-wave transmission, beamforming training (BFT) is usually performed to obtain the beam pair (transmit beam and receive beam) with the best transmission quality between the transmitter and receiver for communication.

[0004] Therefore, how to implement BFT in IMMW technology is a key issue in order to improve communication efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, communication device, and chip for beamforming training to obtain the beam pair (transmit beam and receive beam) with the best transmission quality within the sensing availability window, thereby improving the efficiency of sensing measurements in IMW.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a beamforming training method, comprising: sending a first frame to a sensing response end within a sensing availability window and before performing sensing measurements with the sensing response end, the first frame being used to instruct the sensing response end to perform beamforming training (BFT) within the sensing availability window; and after receiving a second frame sent by the sensing response end in response to the first frame, performing the BFT with the sensing response end in a millimeter-wave band.

[0007] In this application, the sensing initiator and sensing response end perform BFT in the millimeter-wave band before sensing measurements are performed within the sensing availability window. This obtains the beam pair (transmit beam and receive beam) with the best transmission quality within the sensing availability window for information transmission between the sensing initiator and sensing response end. Furthermore, the BFT result can assist in sensing measurements in the millimeter-wave band, improving the efficiency of sensing measurements in IMW.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the method further includes sending a sensing measurement request frame to the sensing response end. The sensing measurement request frame includes sensing measurement parameter elements and a first BFT indication, wherein the sensing measurement parameter elements are used to indicate the configuration parameters of the sensing measurement, and the first BFT indication is used to indicate whether the sensing response end performs BFT within the sensing availability window.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits, which, when configured to a first value, indicate that no BFT is performed within the perceived availability window; or, when configured to a second value, indicate that a BFT is performed based on the first frame within the perceived availability window; or, when configured to a third value, indicate that a BFT is performed within the perceived availability window.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits. When the first BFT indication is configured to a first value, the perception measurement request frame does not include the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a second or third value, the perception measurement request frame includes the first BFT parameter element. The first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the perception response performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the perception measurement parameter element.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit, which, when configured as a fourth value, indicates that no BFT is performed within the perceived availability window; or, when configured as a fifth value, indicates that a BFT is performed based on the first frame within the perceived availability window.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit. When the first BFT indication is configured to a fourth value, the perception measurement request frame does not include the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a fifth value, the perception measurement request frame includes the first BFT parameter element. The first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the perception response performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the perception measurement parameter element.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first BFT parameter element includes at least one of the following information: the device initiating the BFT, the mode of the BFT, the receive beam training instruction, the number of transmit beams in the BFT, the number of receive beams in the BFT, the BFT feedback from the sensing response end to the sensing initiator, the BFT feedback from the sensing initiator to the sensing response end, and the BFT from the sensing response end to the sensing response end.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first frame includes a sensing polling trigger frame, which includes a second BFT indication; when the second BFT indication is configured to a sixth value, it indicates that a BFT is performed within the sensing availability window.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the second BFT indication is carried in the Trigger Dependent Common Info field of the perception polling trigger frame.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the first frame includes a first trigger frame. Optionally, the first trigger frame is not a sensing measurement frame.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the first trigger frame includes a Basic Trigger frame, a Buffer Status Report Poll Trigger (BSRP) frame, or a Multi-User Request to Send (MU-RTS) Trigger frame.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the second frame includes a clear to send to self (CTS-to-self) frame.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the second frame includes a power save poll (PS-Poll) frame or a quality of service null (QoS Null) frame.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the first frame is transmitted in a low-frequency band, and the second frame is received in the same low-frequency band, which is lower than the millimeter-wave band.

[0021] Secondly, this application provides a beamforming training method, comprising: sending a first frame to a sensing response end within a beamforming training window, the first frame indicating whether the sensing response end performs beamforming training (BFT) within the beamforming training window, the start time of the beamforming training window being earlier than the start time of the sensing availability window; and performing the BFT with the sensing response end in the millimeter-wave band after receiving a second frame sent by the sensing response end in response to the first frame.

[0022] In this application, the sensing initiator and sensing response end perform beamforming time (BFT) in the millimeter-wave band within the beamforming training window. The start time of the beamforming training window is earlier than the start time of the sensing availability window. Therefore, the BFT is performed earlier than the sensing measurement. This allows for obtaining the beam pair (transmit beam and receive beam) with the best transmission quality, which is used for information transmission between the sensing initiator and sensing response end within the sensing availability window. Furthermore, the results of the BFT can assist in the sensing measurement in the millimeter-wave band, improving the efficiency of sensing measurement in the IMW.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the method further includes sending a sensing measurement request frame to the sensing response end, the sensing measurement request frame including sensing measurement parameter elements and a first BFT indication, wherein the sensing measurement parameter elements are used to indicate the configuration parameters of the sensing measurement, and the first BFT indication is used to instruct the sensing response end to perform BFT within the beamforming training window.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits, which, when configured to a first value, indicate that no BFT is performed within the beamforming training window; or, when configured to a second value, indicate that whether to perform BFT is determined based on the first frame within the beamforming training window; or, when configured to a third value, indicate that BFT is performed within the beamforming training window.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits. When the first BFT indication is configured to a first value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a second or third value, the sensing measurement request frame includes the beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; wherein the beamforming training window information is used to allocate the beamforming training window to the sensing response end, and the first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the sensing response end performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit, which, when configured as a fourth value, indicates that no BFT is performed within the beamforming training window; or, when configured as a fifth value, indicates that a BFT is performed based on the first frame within the beamforming training window.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit. When the first BFT indication is configured to a fourth value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a fifth value, the sensing measurement request frame includes the beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; wherein the beamforming training window information is used to allocate the beamforming training window to the sensing response end, and the first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the sensing response end performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the beamforming training window information is carried in a beamforming training window element, which is carried in the sensing measurement request frame. The beamforming training window element includes a beamforming training window field, which includes at least one beamforming training window information corresponding to at least one beamforming training window. The beamforming training window information includes the start time, duration, and period of the beamforming training window.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the beamforming training window information is carried in the beamforming training availability information field, which is carried in the responding station (RSTA) availability window element of the sensing measurement request frame.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the beamforming training window information is carried in the beamforming training instruction, which is carried in the RSTA Availability Information field of the RSTA Availability window element of the sensing measurement request frame; when the beamforming training instruction is configured to a sixth value, it indicates that the configured window is used for BFT; when the beamforming training instruction is configured to a seventh value, it indicates that the configured window is used for sensing measurement.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the first BFT parameter element includes at least one of the following information: the device initiating the BFT, the mode of the BFT, the receive beam training instruction, the number of transmit beams in the BFT, the number of receive beams in the BFT, the BFT feedback from the sensing response end to the sensing initiator, the BFT feedback from the sensing initiator to the sensing response end, and the BFT from the sensing response end to the sensing response end.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the first frame includes a first trigger frame. The first trigger frame includes a second BFT indication; when the second BFT indication is configured to a sixth value, it indicates that BFT is not performed within the beamforming training window; or, when the second BFT indication is configured to a seventh value, it indicates that BFT is performed within the beamforming training window. Optionally, the first trigger frame is not a sensing measurement frame.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the second BFT indication is carried in any of the reserved fields of the Common Info field of the first trigger frame; or, the second BFT indication is carried in the More Trigger Frame (More TF) field of the Common Info field of the first trigger frame.

[0034] In one possible implementation, when the first trigger frame includes a beamforming report poll trigger (BFRP Trigger) frame and the second BFT indication is configured to the seventh value, all bits of the Feedback Segment Retransmission Bitmap field of the BFRP Trigger frame are configured to 0.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the first trigger frame includes a Basic Trigger frame, a Buffer Status Report Poll Trigger (BSRP) frame, or a Multi-User Request to Send (MU-RTS) Trigger frame.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the second frame includes a power save poll (PS-Poll) frame or a quality of service null (QoS Null) frame.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the first frame is transmitted in a low-frequency band, and the second frame is received in the same low-frequency band, which is lower than the millimeter-wave band.

[0038] Thirdly, this application provides a beamforming training method, comprising: broadcasting a beacon via a first link, the beacon being used to indicate a first target wake-up time (TWT) and a second TWT for beamforming training (BFT) on a second link, the first TWT corresponding to the first link, the second TWT corresponding to the second link, and the frequency band of the second link being higher than that of the first link; and performing the BFT with a sensing response end based on the first TWT and the second TWT.

[0039] In this application, the AP uses the Beacon of the sub-7GHz link to transmit at least one TWT element. This at least one TWT element can be used to indicate the TWT of the sub-7GHz link and the TWT of the millimeter-wave link, so that the AP and non-AP STA can perform BFT of the millimeter-wave link within the TWT of the millimeter-wave link. This can meet the communication requirements of the millimeter-wave band and obtain the beam pair (transmit beam and receive beam) with the best transmission quality for communication, thereby improving the communication efficiency in the IMW.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the beacon includes one or more TWT elements, any one of which is used to indicate configuration parameters of at least one TWT; the control field of any one of the TWT elements includes a BFT (beamforming training) indication; when the BFT indication is configured to a first value, it indicates that BFT is performed within at least one TWT indicated by the TWT element.

[0041] In one possible implementation, when the beacon includes a first TWT element, the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element includes a broadcast TWT identifier and a link identifier, wherein the broadcast TWT identifier is used to identify the first TWT and the link identifier is used to identify the second link performing the BFT.

[0042] In one possible implementation, when the BFT indication is configured to a second value, the link identifier is not included in the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the Request Type field of the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element includes an Aligned field; when the Aligned field is configured with a third value, it indicates that the second TWT is consistent with the first TWT.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the request type field of the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element includes an identical field; when the identical field is configured with a fourth value, it is used to indicate that the second TWT is consistent with the first TWT.

[0045] In one possible implementation, when the beacon includes a second TWT element and a third TWT element, the TWT parameter information field of the second TWT element includes a first broadcast TWT identifier, which is used to represent the identifier of the first TWT; the TWT parameter information field of the third TWT element includes a second broadcast TWT identifier, an associated TWT identifier, and a link identifier, whereby the second broadcast TWT identifier is used to represent the identifier of the second TWT, the associated TWT identifier is used to represent the identifier of the first TWT, and the link identifier is used to represent the identifier of the second link performing the BFT.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the request type field of the TWT parameter information field of the second TWT element includes a Broadcast TWT Recommendation; when the Broadcast TWT Recommendation is configured to a fifth value, it is used to indicate the transmission of a frame related to the BFT within the first TWT; the request type field of the TWT parameter information field of the third TWT element includes a Broadcast TWT Recommendation; when the Broadcast TWT Recommendation is configured to a sixth value, it is used to indicate the transmission of a frame related to the BFT within the second TWT.

[0047] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device, comprising: a transmitting module, configured to transmit a first frame to a sensing response terminal within a sensing availability window and before performing sensing measurements with the sensing response terminal, the first frame being configured to instruct the sensing response terminal to perform beamforming training (BFT) within the sensing availability window; and a processing module, configured to perform the BFT with the sensing response terminal in a millimeter-wave band after receiving a second frame transmitted by the sensing response terminal in response to the first frame.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the sending module is further configured to send a sensing measurement request frame to the sensing response end. The sensing measurement request frame includes sensing measurement parameter elements and a first BFT indication, wherein the sensing measurement parameter elements are used to indicate the configuration parameters of the sensing measurement, and the first BFT indication is used to indicate whether the sensing response end performs BFT within the sensing availability window.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits, which, when configured to a first value, indicate that no BFT is performed within the perceived availability window; or, when configured to a second value, indicate that a BFT is performed based on the first frame within the perceived availability window; or, when configured to a third value, indicate that a BFT is performed within the perceived availability window.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits. When the first BFT indication is configured to a first value, the perception measurement request frame does not include the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a second or third value, the perception measurement request frame includes the first BFT parameter element. The first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the perception response performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the perception measurement parameter element.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit, which, when configured as a fourth value, indicates that no BFT is performed within the perceived availability window; or, when configured as a fifth value, indicates that a BFT is performed based on the first frame within the perceived availability window.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit. When the first BFT indication is configured to a fourth value, the perception measurement request frame does not include the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a fifth value, the perception measurement request frame includes the first BFT parameter element. The first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the perception response performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the perception measurement parameter element.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the first BFT parameter element includes at least one of the following information: the device initiating the BFT, the mode of the BFT, the receive beam training instruction, the number of transmit beams in the BFT, the number of receive beams in the BFT, the BFT feedback from the sensing response end to the sensing initiator, the BFT feedback from the sensing initiator to the sensing response end, and the BFT from the sensing response end to the sensing response end.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the first frame includes a sensing polling trigger frame, which includes a second BFT indication; when the second BFT indication is configured to a sixth value, it indicates that a BFT is performed within the sensing availability window.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the second BFT indication is carried in the Trigger Dependent Common Info field of the perception polling trigger frame.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the first frame includes a first trigger frame. Optionally, the first trigger frame is not a sensing measurement frame.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the first trigger frame includes a Basic Trigger frame, a Buffer Storage Status Report Polling Trigger frame, or a Multi-User Request Sending Trigger frame.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the second frame includes clearing frames sent to itself (CTS-to-self).

[0059] In one possible implementation, the second frame includes a power-saving polling (PS-Poll) frame or a QoS null frame.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the first frame is transmitted in a low-frequency band, and the second frame is received in the same low-frequency band, which is lower than the millimeter-wave band.

[0061] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device, comprising: a transmitting module, configured to transmit a first frame to a sensing response end within a beamforming training window, the first frame indicating whether the sensing response end performs beamforming training (BFT) within the beamforming training window, the start time of the beamforming training window being earlier than the start time of the sensing availability window; and a processing module, configured to perform the BFT with the sensing response end in a millimeter-wave band after receiving a second frame transmitted by the sensing response end in response to the first frame.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the sending module is further configured to send a sensing measurement request frame to the sensing response end. The sensing measurement request frame includes sensing measurement parameter elements and a first BFT indication, wherein the sensing measurement parameter elements are used to indicate the configuration parameters of the sensing measurement, and the first BFT indication is used to instruct the sensing response end to perform BFT within the beamforming training window.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits, which, when configured to a first value, indicate that no BFT is performed within the beamforming training window; or, when configured to a second value, indicate that whether to perform BFT is determined based on the first frame within the beamforming training window; or, when configured to a third value, indicate that BFT is performed within the beamforming training window.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits. When the first BFT indication is configured to a first value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a second or third value, the sensing measurement request frame includes the beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; wherein the beamforming training window information is used to allocate the beamforming training window to the sensing response end, and the first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the sensing response end performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit, which, when configured as a fourth value, indicates that no BFT is performed within the beamforming training window; or, when configured as a fifth value, indicates that a BFT is performed based on the first frame within the beamforming training window.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit. When the first BFT indication is configured to a fourth value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a fifth value, the sensing measurement request frame includes the beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; wherein the beamforming training window information is used to allocate the beamforming training window to the sensing response end, and the first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the sensing response end performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the beamforming training window information is carried in a beamforming training window element, which is carried in the sensing measurement request frame. The beamforming training window element includes a beamforming training window field, which includes at least one beamforming training window information corresponding to at least one beamforming training window. The beamforming training window information includes the start time, duration, and period of the beamforming training window.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the beamforming training window information is carried in the beamforming training availability information field, which is carried in the RSTA Availability Window element of the sensing measurement request frame.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the beamforming training window information is carried in the beamforming training instruction, which is carried in the RSTA Availability Information field of the RSTA Availability window element of the sensing measurement request frame; when the beamforming training instruction is configured to a sixth value, it indicates that the configured window is used for BFT; when the beamforming training instruction is configured to a seventh value, it indicates that the configured window is used for sensing measurement.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the first BFT parameter element includes at least one of the following information: the device initiating the BFT, the mode of the BFT, the receive beam training instruction, the number of transmit beams in the BFT, the number of receive beams in the BFT, the BFT feedback from the sensing response end to the sensing initiator, the BFT feedback from the sensing initiator to the sensing response end, and the BFT from the sensing response end to the sensing response end.

[0071] In one possible implementation, the first frame includes a first trigger frame. The first trigger frame includes a second BFT indication; when the second BFT indication is configured to an eighth value, it indicates that BFT is not performed within the beamforming training window; or, when the second BFT indication is configured to a ninth value, it indicates that BFT is performed within the beamforming training window. Optionally, the first trigger frame is not a sensing measurement frame.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the second BFT indication is carried in any of the reserved fields of the Common Info field of the first trigger frame; or, the second BFT indication is carried in the More TF field of the Common Info field of the first trigger frame.

[0073] In one possible implementation, when the first trigger frame includes a Beamsetting Report Polling Trigger (BFRP Trigger) frame and the second BFT indication is configured to the ninth value, all bits of the Feedback Segment Retransmission Bitmap field of the BFRP Trigger frame are configured to 0.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the first trigger frame includes a Basic Trigger frame, a Buffer Status Report Poll Trigger (BSRP) frame, or a Multi-User Request to Send (MU-RTS) Trigger frame.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the second frame includes a power save poll (PS-Poll) frame or a quality of service null (QoS Null) frame.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the first frame is transmitted in a low-frequency band, and the second frame is received in the same low-frequency band, which is lower than the millimeter-wave band.

[0077] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a communication device, comprising: a transmitting module for broadcasting a beacon via a first link, the beacon indicating a first target wake-up time (TWT) and a second TWT for cooperating in beamforming training (BFT) on a second link, the first TWT corresponding to the first link, the second TWT corresponding to the second link, and the frequency band of the second link being higher than the frequency band of the first link; and a processing module for performing the BFT with a sensing response end based on the first TWT and the second TWT.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the beacon includes one or more TWT elements, any one of which is used to indicate configuration parameters of at least one TWT; the control field of any one of the TWT elements includes a BFT (beamforming training) indication; when the BFT indication is configured to a first value, it indicates that BFT is performed within at least one TWT indicated by the TWT element.

[0079] In one possible implementation, when the beacon includes a first TWT element, the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element includes a broadcast TWT identifier and a link identifier, wherein the broadcast TWT identifier is used to identify the first TWT and the link identifier is used to identify the second link performing the BFT.

[0080] In one possible implementation, when the BFT indication is configured to a second value, the link identifier is not included in the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the Request Type field of the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element includes an Aligned field; when the Aligned field is configured with a third value, it indicates that the second TWT is consistent with the first TWT.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the request type field of the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element includes an identical field; when the identical field is configured with a fourth value, it is used to indicate that the second TWT is consistent with the first TWT.

[0083] In one possible implementation, when the beacon includes a second TWT element and a third TWT element, the TWT parameter information field of the second TWT element includes a first broadcast TWT identifier, which is used to represent the identifier of the first TWT; the TWT parameter information field of the third TWT element includes a second broadcast TWT identifier, an associated TWT identifier, and a link identifier, whereby the second broadcast TWT identifier is used to represent the identifier of the second TWT, the associated TWT identifier is used to represent the identifier of the first TWT, and the link identifier is used to represent the identifier of the second link performing the BFT.

[0084] In one possible implementation, the request type field of the TWT parameter information field of the second TWT element includes a Broadcast TWT Recommendation; when the Broadcast TWT Recommendation is configured to a fifth value, it is used to indicate the transmission of a frame related to the BFT within the first TWT; the request type field of the TWT parameter information field of the third TWT element includes a Broadcast TWT Recommendation; when the Broadcast TWT Recommendation is configured to a sixth value, it is used to indicate the transmission of a frame related to the BFT within the second TWT.

[0085] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned communication device may be a chip, integrated circuit, component, or module. Specifically, the device may include a connected processor and a memory for storing instructions, or the device may include at least one processor for fetching instructions from external memory. When the device is running, the processor can execute instructions to cause the chip to perform the beamforming training methods in the above-described method embodiments.

[0086] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a chip, comprising: a processor and an interface circuit; wherein the processor is configured to execute the method described in any one of the first to third aspects above, and to send or receive data, instructions or information through the interface circuit.

[0087] Eighthly, this application provides a communication device, comprising: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more programs; wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method as described in any one of the first to third aspects above.

[0088] Ninthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium including a computer program that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method described in any one of the first to third aspects above.

[0089] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising computer program code that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method described in any one of the first to third aspects. Attached Figure Description

[0090] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the WLAN of this application;

[0091] Figure 2a is an example flowchart of the perception measurement interaction of TB type;

[0092] Figure 2b is an example flowchart of a non-TB type of perception measurement interaction;

[0093] Figure 3 is a sample flowchart of the synchronous TWT schedule;

[0094] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the beamforming training method 400 provided in this application;

[0095] Figure 5a is an example flowchart of the TB-type perception measurement interaction of this application;

[0096] Figure 5b is an example flowchart of the TB-type perception measurement interaction of this application;

[0097] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the beamforming training method 600 provided in this application;

[0098] Figure 7 is a flowchart of the beamforming training method 700 provided in this application;

[0099] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the communication device 800 of this application;

[0100] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 900 in this application;

[0101] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the communication device 1000 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0102] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0103] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, embodiments, claims, and drawings of this application are for distinguishing purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as including a series of steps or units. A method, system, product, or apparatus is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0104] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0105] The relevant technologies of this application will be described below.

[0106] I. Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

[0107] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the WLAN of this application. Typically, a WLAN may include multiple Basic Service Sets (BSS). The network nodes in a BSS are stations (STAs). STAs include access point stations (APs) and non-access point stations (non-AP STAs). Each BSS may include one AP and multiple non-AP STAs associated with that AP.

[0108] An AP, also known as a wireless access point or hotspot, is primarily deployed in homes, buildings, and campuses. Optionally, APs can also be deployed outdoors. Optionally, an AP can be a communication device with a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) chip, or a chip, integrated circuit, component, or module with Wi-Fi functionality. Optionally, an AP can be a communication device, chip, integrated circuit, component, or module that supports the 802.11 series of protocols. For example, the AP may support 802.11ax and its next-generation Wi-Fi protocols (e.g., 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or Extremely High Throughput (EHT)), 802.11be and its next-generation Wi-Fi protocols (e.g., Wi-Fi 8 or Ultra High Reliability (UHR)). Optionally, an AP can be a communication device, chip, integrated circuit, component, or module that supports the Wi-Fi AI protocol. In addition, the AP can also be a communication device, chip, integrated circuit, component, or module that supports millimeter wave (mmWave), ultra-wideband (UWB), or sensing. This application does not specifically limit this.

[0109] The non-AP STA can be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal. For example, it can be a mobile phone, tablet, set-top box, smart screen, smart wearable device, vehicle communication device, or computer that supports Wi-Fi communication. Optionally, the non-AP STA can be a communication device or component that supports the 802.11 series of protocols. For example, the non-AP STA can support 802.11ax and its next-generation Wi-Fi protocols (e.g., 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT), 802.11be and its next-generation Wi-Fi protocols (e.g., Wi-Fi 8 or UHR). Optionally, the non-AP STA can be a communication device or component that supports the Wi-Fi AI protocol. Furthermore, the non-AP STA can also be a communication device or component that supports millimeter wave (mmWave), ultra-wideband (UWB), or sensing. This application does not specifically limit its capabilities in this regard.

[0110] As shown in Figure 1, the BSS100 includes one AP 101 and four non-AP STAs (a mobile phone 102a, a tablet 102b, a smart wearable device 102c, and a computer 102d, respectively). It should be noted that Figure 1 is only an example illustrating a WLAN architecture, and this does not constitute a limitation on the wireless local area network system to which this application applies. The wireless local area network system to which this application applies may include more or fewer sites than the architecture shown in Figure 1, without specific limitation.

[0111] II. Wireless Sensing (WLAN sensing)

[0112] WLAN sensing technology can be applied in various scenarios. For example, in sports, it can detect the movement status and trajectory of people and balls; in home environments, it can be used for fall detection to prevent falls among the elderly; and by processing channel state information (CSI), it can interpret human movement status and trajectory. WLAN sensing technology can fully utilize existing WLAN network resources without incurring significant costs. In future densely deployed WLANs, an AP's coverage area will contain many non-AP STAs (which can also be abbreviated as STA in this application). The AP can perform reasonable resource scheduling for each STA to improve system throughput, robustness, and other aspects.

[0113] The following key terms are included in wireless sensing:

[0114] 1. Sensing:

[0115] The physical layer (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) features of high-efficiency (HE) stations (STAs) or extremely high-throughput (EHT) stations are used to acquire measurements that may be useful for estimating features such as range, velocity, and motion of objects in an area of ​​interest.

[0116] 2. Sensing procedure:

[0117] This procedure allows either a high-efficiency (HE) station (STA) or an extremely high-throughput (EHT) station to perform sensing.

[0118] 3. Directional multi-gigabit (DMG) sensing:

[0119] The physical layer (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) features of Directed Multi-Gigabit (DMG) stations (STAs) are used to acquire measurements that help estimate characteristics such as range, velocity, and motion of objects within an area of ​​interest.

[0120] 4. DMG sensing procedure (directional multi-gigabit sensing procedure):

[0121] This procedure allows a Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) station (STA) to perform DMG sensing.

[0122] 5. Sensing initiator:

[0123] A high-efficiency (HE) station (STA) or an extremely high throughput (EHT) STA that initiates a sensing procedure by transmitting a Sensing Measurement Request frame, or a DMG STA that initiates a DMG sensing procedure by transmitting a DMG Sensing Measurement Request frame.

[0124] 6. Sensing responder:

[0125] A high-efficiency (HE) station (STA) or an extremely high-throughput (EHT) STA that participates in a sensing procedure by responding to a sensing initiator, or a DMG STA that participates in a DMG sensing procedure by responding to a sensing initiator.

[0126] 7. Sensing transmitter:

[0127] A station (STA) that transmits PPDUs used for measurements in a sensing procedure or a directional multi-gigabit (DMG) sensing procedure.

[0128] 8. Sensing receiver:

[0129] The intended receiver of PPDUs sent by a sensing transmitter is a station (STA) used to obtain sensing measurements during either a sensing procedure or a directional multi-gigabit (DMG) sensing procedure.

[0130] III. Integrated Millimeter Wave

[0131] The millimeter wave band (30GHz-300GHz) has abundant spectrum resources. Because the wavelength of millimeter wave (mmWave) signals is at the millimeter level, the hardware size of millimeter wave devices can be made very small, which is conducive to integration. However, this also makes the hardware cost of millimeter wave devices very high. Therefore, the large-scale commercial use of millimeter wave communication still faces great challenges.

[0132] Integrated millimeter wave (IMMW) technology considers a shared baseband, enabling a WLAN device to communicate in both the sub-7GHz band and the 45GHz band. This allows for high-throughput, low-latency communication services while saving hardware costs and power consumption, and also enables high-precision, high-resolution sensing tasks.

[0133] The IMMW technology has attracted increasing attention from Wi-Fi chip manufacturers. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) established the IMMW study group (SG) under 802.11 to lay the foundation for the development of new 802.11 amendments, enabling dynamic operation of millimeter-wave links based on the PHY and MAC functions of existing Wi-Fi 7 and future Wi-Fi 8.

[0134] Before millimeter-wave transmission, beamforming training (BFT) is typically performed to obtain the beam pair (transmit and receive beams) with the best transmission quality for communication (communication is impossible in the millimeter-wave band without beamforming or BFT). A beam refers to the concentration of electromagnetic wave radiation energy in a specific direction for transmission; BFT aims to find the beam or direction with the strongest energy. BFT has the following drawbacks:

[0135] 1) BFT has a relatively high training overhead and will occupy a lot of channel resources;

[0136] 2) Beam pairs have an expiration date because beam selection is related to channel changes;

[0137] 3) The use of beams for directional transmission makes millimeter-wave communication extremely vulnerable to blockage.

[0138] IV. IEEE 802.11bf

[0139] IEEE 802.11bf, developed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), is a standard for wireless sensing. This standard specifies sensing protocols for frequency bands below 7 GHz (Sub-7 GHz) and above 45 GHz. According to the protocol, a WLAN sensing process in the Sub-7 GHz band can consist of the following four stages (a similar sensing process is used for frequency bands above 45 GHz):

[0140] 1. Sensing capabilities exchange: The sensing initiator and sensing responder exchange their respective sensing capabilities information.

[0141] 2. Sensing Measurement Session Establishment: The sensing initiator initiates the establishment of a sensing measurement session. This process involves the sensing initiator sending a sensing measurement request frame to a potential sensing response end. This frame allocates configuration parameters for sensing measurements to the potential sensing response end, such as the sensing response end's role (i.e., sensing sender or sensing receiver), the bandwidth for null data packets (NDPs), the number of training symbols, and the sensing availability window for sensing measurements. Once the sensing response end accepts the configuration parameters allocated by the sensing initiator, a sensing measurement session is successfully established. The duration of a sensing measurement session is determined by the sensing initiator.

[0142] 1) When the sensing initiator is AP (that is, the sensing response is non-AP STA), the sensing measurement is triggered-based (TB). In TB-type sensing measurement, one or more sensing response ends can participate in the sensing measurement.

[0143] 2) When the sensing initiator is a non-AP STA (that is, the sensing response is an AP), the sensing measurement performed is based on non-trigger-based (non-TB). In non-TB type sensing measurements, there is only one sensing response.

[0144] 3. Sensing Measurement Exchange: When a sensing measurement occurs, the sensing transmitter sends a NDP (Non-Distributed Measurement Report) to the sensing receiver. The sensing receiver then calculates channel state information (CSI) based on the received NDP. The sensing receiver can be either a sensing initiator or a sensing responder. When the sensing receiver is a sensing responder, it needs to feed back the sensing measurement results to the sensing initiator.

[0145] 1) An example of a TB-type sensing measurement exchange. As shown in Figure 2a (Figure 2a is an example flowchart of a TB-type sensing measurement exchange), a TB-type sensing measurement exchange includes four phases: polling phase, null data packet announcement (NDPA) sounding phase, trigger frame sounding phase, and reporting phase.

[0146] 2) An example of a non-TB type of perception measurement interaction. As shown in Figure 2b (Figure 2b is an example flowchart of a non-TB type of perception measurement interaction), a non-TB type of perception measurement interaction includes two phases: the measurement sounding phase and the reporting phase.

[0147] 4. Sensing measurement session termination: The sensing initiator or sensing responder terminates one or more sensing measurement sessions.

[0148] In the IEEE 802.11bf protocol, the sensing process for frequency bands above 45 GHz is called the DMG sensing process. The DMG sensing process is designed based on the physical layer (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) characteristics of IEEE 802.11ad (also known as directional multi-gigabit (DMG)) and IEEE 802.11ay (also known as enhanced DMG (EDMG)). The DMG sensing process is basically the same as the WLAN sensing process in the sub-7 GHz frequency band.

[0149] V. DMG Beamforming

[0150] Based on IEEE 802.11ad and IEEE 802.11ay, APs and non-AP STAs can perform Beacon-to-Face (BFT) in three time periods: Beacon Transmission Interval (BTI), Association Beacon Forming Training (A-BFT), and Data Transfer Interval (DTI). The BTI and A-BFT phases occur before the AP and non-AP STAs establish an association, ensuring that both can send and receive management frames to complete the association process. During the BTI phase, the AP directionally broadcasts DMG Beacon frames, each transmitted in one direction. Non-AP STAs can measure the received energy of each DMG Beacon frame and, during the A-BFT phase, inform the AP which beam has the strongest energy (BTI can be considered a one-to-many BFT process from the AP to the non-AP STA). During the A-BFT phase, multiple non-AP STAs can access the channel through channel contention, sending directional sector sweep (SSW) frames or Short SSW physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) to the AP. The AP measures the received energy of each SSW frame or Short SSW PPDU and informs the corresponding non-AP STA which direction has the strongest received energy. Any non-AP STA that receives a DMG Beacon frame can know the number of remaining DMG Beacon frames in this BTI, whether there is an A-BFT phase in the current Beacon Interval, when the next BTI starts, when the next A-BFT starts, etc. Therefore, BTI and A-BFT can be considered a unified and publicly disclosed BFT period within a Beacon Interval. After the BTI and A-BFT phases, the AP and non-AP STAs have completed the basic BFT, obtained beam pairs that can be used for communication, and can perform association operations. The BFT in the BTI and A-BFT stages is a simple and rough BFT. In order to improve communication quality, APs and non-AP STAs can perform more detailed and complex BFTs in the DTI stage.

[0151] If the AP receives a sensing request from a user, the AP can initiate a sensing measurement session establishment request to the non-AP STA to perform sensing measurements. As mentioned above, the AP and non-AP STA have already completed BFT before associating, that is, before executing the sensing process, the AP and non-AP STA definitely have a beam pair capable of basic communication in the millimeter-wave band.

[0152] VI. Broadcast Target Wake-up Time Operation

[0153] Target Wake Time (TWT) is an important resource scheduling function supported by IEEE 802.11ax and IEEE 802.11be. Its main function is to reduce the number of devices competing for the wireless channel at the same time and to help devices reduce energy consumption. A non-AP STA can establish a one-to-one TWT with the AP, negotiating when to be woken up and how long to remain awake during the establishment process. This operation is called an individual TWT operation. After the TWT is established, a non-AP STA can enter a doze state before its assigned TWT arrives, and then enter an awake state to conduct data communication when the TWT begins.

[0154] In addition, the AP can broadcast its configured TWT schedule. Non-AP STAs can choose to join a TWT based on the broadcast TWT schedule; this operation is called a Broadcast TWT operation. In a Broadcast TWT operation, the AP carries one or more TWT elements in the Beacon frame to announce one or more TWT schedules (the configuration parameters of each TWT schedule are carried in a TWT element). Non-AP STAs can request to join a TWT based on the information provided in the Beacon frame, or the AP can directly configure a non-AP STA to become a member of a TWT schedule.

[0155] While Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) devices support multiple frequency bands (or links), they can only connect to one band for communication at a time. Wi-Fi 7 (802.11be) introduced multi-link operation (MLO), allowing a Wi-Fi 7 device to connect to links on two frequency bands simultaneously, improving data transmission rates and reducing latency. Devices supporting MLO are called multi-link devices (MLDs). An AP supporting MLO is called an AP MLD. An AP MLD can be considered as having multiple APs configured, each controlling one link. Similarly, a non-AP STA supporting MLO, i.e., a non-AP MLD, can be considered as having multiple non-AP STAs configured, each associated with an AP on its corresponding link. In the following text, unless explicitly stated otherwise, AP and non-AP STA refer to either an AP or a non-AP STA on a specific link within the MLD.

[0156] An Access Point (AP) sends Beacon frames on its current link to announce its existence and basic network capabilities. The AP includes a TWT (Time-to-Wave) element in the Beacon frame to announce the TWT schedule configured on the current link. The AP uses the value of the Aligned field in the TWT element to indicate whether other links have TWT schedules that overlap with the current link's schedule. For example, if an AP on a 2.4GHz link sends a Beacon frame with Aligned = 1 for the TWT element, a non-AP STA on the 2.4GHz link, upon receiving this information, can wake up from sleep mode on a 5GHz link belonging to the same non-AP MLD (Multi-Level Designated Location) to receive Beacon frames from the 5GHz link. This allows the STA to confirm the TWT schedule configured on the 5GHz link and decide whether to join the TWT on that 5GHz link. For example, as shown in Figure 3 (Figure 3 is an example flowchart of a synchronized TWT schedule), STA1 receives a Beacon (Schedule 1: Aligned = 1) on link 1, indicating that there are overlapping TWT schedules on other links. STA1 shares this information with STA2 and STA3 (STA1, 2, and 3 all belong to the same MLD). STA2 receives the Beacon on its own link 2, but since no such TWT schedule is configured on link 2, STA2 does not join any TWT and returns to sleep after receiving the Beacon. Meanwhile, STA3 confirms the existence of a TWT schedule (Schedule 2) on link 3, joins the TWT, and wakes up within the corresponding wake-up time to perform data transmission. Therefore, for Broadcast TWT operations, non-AP STAs cannot know which other links have overlapping TWT schedules configured through the Beacon; non-AP STAs can only know whether there are overlapping TWT schedules on other links.

[0157] 7. Sensing Availability Window

[0158] The sensing availability window is a period of time during which an AP and one or more non-AP STAs are allocated; alternatively, the sensing availability window is a time window used to perform TB-type sensing measurement interactions. A sensing availability window may consist of one or more transmit opportunities (TXOPs), within which one or more TB-type sensing measurement interactions can be performed. The sensing availability window is used only to perform TB-type sensing measurements, and such TB-type sensing measurement interactions only occur within the sensing availability window.

[0159] 1. AP behavior

[0160] The allocation of the sensing availability window occurs during the establishment of the sensing measurement session. For TB-type sensing measurements, the AP sends sensing measurement request frames (as shown in Table 1) to one or more non-AP STAs to request the establishment of a sensing measurement session. In the sensing measurement request frame, the AP allocates configuration parameters for sensing measurements. These configuration parameters are carried in the Sensing Measurement Parameters element (as shown in Table 2) and are included in the sensing measurement request frame. The Sensing Measurement Parameters field in the Sensing Measurement Parameters element includes general configuration parameters for sensing measurements (as shown in Table 3). The Sensing subelements field in the Sensing Measurement Parameters element includes the TB Sensing Specific subelement field (as shown in Table 4), which is used to allocate parameters specific to TB-type sensing measurements. The TB Sensing Specific subelement includes the Availability Window field, through which the AP allocates the sensing availability window to the non-AP STAs. The Availability Window field contains an RSTA Availability Window element (as shown in Table 5). The AP will only assign one sensing availability window to a non-AP STA. That is, in the sensing measurement request frame, the RSTA Availability Information field of the RSTA Availability Window element contains only one RSTA Availability Information subfield (as shown in Table 6), in which case n=1.Within an Availability Window Information subfield, three key pieces of information describing the sensing availability window are provided: Partial TSF Timer, Duration, and Periodicity (as shown in Table 7).

[0161] Partial TSF Timer: Indicates the start time of the first sensing availability window (this time is given based on the AP's local clock);

[0162] Duration: Indicates the duration of the sensing availability window, ranging from 0 to 12.7 milliseconds;

[0163] Periodicity: Indicates the repetition period of the sensing availability window, which ranges from 0 to 26.1 seconds.

[0164] Table 1. (Protected) Sensing Measurement Request Frame Action Field Format

[0165] Table 2. Sensing Measurement Parameter Element Format

[0166] Table 3. Sensing Measurement Parameters Format

[0167] Table 4. TB Sensing Specific Subelement Format

[0168] Table 5. RSTA Availability Window Element Format

[0169] Table 6. RSTA Availability Information field format

[0170] Table 7. Availability Window Information field format (when the Availability Window Broadcast Format subfield is set to 0)

[0171] 2. Behavior of Non-AP STA

[0172] Upon receiving a sensing measurement request frame from the AP, the non-AP STA replies with a sensing measurement response frame to indicate whether it accepts or rejects the AP's sensing measurement request. If the non-AP STA rejects the request, it can optionally provide suggested sensing measurement configuration parameters in the sensing measurement response frame. The AP can then decide whether to adjust the parameters and resend a new sensing measurement request frame based on the suggested parameters provided by the non-AP STA. The non-AP STA provides suggested parameters by including Sensing Measurement Parameters elements (as shown in Table 2) in the sensing measurement response frame. If the sensing availability window assigned by the AP is not applicable to non-AP STAs, the non-AP STA can include an initiating station (ISTA) availability window element (ISTA Availability Window element, as shown in Table 8) in the Availability Window field of the TB Sensing Specific subelement (as shown in Table 4). Within the ISTA Availability Window element, the ISTA Availability Information field provides its own availability bitmap (as shown in Table 9). This bitmap represents its available and unavailable periods, with one bit representing 10 time units (TUs), or 10240 microseconds. For example, the availability bitmap provided by a non-AP STA could be 1011101101, where 1 indicates that the non-AP STA can perform sensing measurements within those 10 TUs, or in other words, it is available; 0 indicates that the non-AP STA cannot perform sensing measurements within those 10 TUs. Optionally, the Availability Bitmap can also be represented visually. The AP will assign a sensing availability window to it based on the availability bitmap provided by the non-AP STA.

[0173] The sensing availability window helps non-AP STAs save energy and reduce their energy consumption. Non-AP STAs can hibernate outside the sensing availability window and wake up to participate in sensing measurements when the sensing availability window begins.

[0174] Table 8. ISTA Availability Window Element Format

[0175] Table 9. ISTA Availability Information field format

[0176] Based on the above technology, this application provides a beamforming training method that can implement BFT in IMW technology to improve sensing measurement efficiency.

[0177] First, it should be noted that: (1) The embodiments of this application exemplarily describe the value or unit of a certain field, but this is not intended to limit it; (2) The embodiments of this application use TB-type sensing measurement as an example for description. AP and sensing initiator can be interchanged, or AP and sensing initiator can be uniformly described as sensing initiator; (3) "sensing measurement between sensing initiator and sensing response" in the embodiments of this application can mean that the sensing measurement occurs between sensing initiator and sensing response, or it can also mean that sensing measurement is scheduled between sensing response by sensing initiator. The former is used as an example in the embodiments; (4) "BFT between sensing initiator and sensing response in millimeter wave band" in the embodiments of this application can mean that BFT occurs between sensing initiator and sensing response, or it can also mean that BFT is scheduled between sensing response by sensing initiator. The former is used as an example in the embodiments; (5) In the embodiments of this application, BFT can be implemented by a combination of sub-7GHz frequency band and millimeter wave frequency band, or it can be implemented entirely in millimeter wave frequency band, without any specific limitation; (6) In the embodiments of this application, the first frame can be transmitted in sub-7GHz frequency band. It should be understood that the foregoing descriptions are each a possible implementation of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the implementation of this application.

[0178] Figure 4 is a flowchart of process 400 of the beamforming training method provided in this application. Process 400 can be applied to IMW technology and is jointly executed by the AP and non-AP STA described above, wherein the AP is the sensing initiator and the non-AP STA is the sensing response. Process 400 is described as a series of steps or operations. It should be understood that process 400 can be executed in various orders and / or occur simultaneously, and is not limited to the execution order shown in Figure 4. Process 400 may include:

[0179] Step 401: The sensing initiator sends a sensing measurement request frame to the sensing response.

[0180] The sensing measurement request frame may include a sensing measurement parameter element (as shown in Table 2), a first BFT indicator, and a first BFT parameter element. The sensing measurement parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters of the sensing measurement, and the first BFT indicator is used to indicate whether the sensing response end performs BFT within the sensing availability window.

[0181] The method described in this application uses TB-type sensing measurement as an example. The AP and sensing initiator can be interchanged, or both can be uniformly described as sensing initiator. During the sensing measurement session establishment phase (refer to the description in related technology four above), the AP sends a sensing measurement request frame to the potential sensing response end. The Sensing Measurement Parameters element in this sensing measurement request frame is used to allocate configuration parameters for sensing measurement to the potential sensing response end. In addition, to meet the requirement that BFT must be performed before communication in the millimeter-wave band, the sensing initiator can indicate in the sensing measurement request frame whether the sensing response end should perform BFT within the sensing availability window (first BFT indication). It should be noted that the sensing initiator instructing the sensing response end to perform BFT in the sensing measurement request frame indicates that the sensing response end needs to perform BFT in the sensing measurement session corresponding to the sensing measurement request frame, but does not mean that BFT must be performed in every sensing availability window within that sensing measurement session.

[0182] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits. When the first BFT indication is configured to a first value, it is used to instruct the sensing response end not to perform BFT within the sensing availability window. In this case, the sensing measurement request frame does not contain the first BFT parameter element. Alternatively, when the first BFT indication is configured to a second value, it is used to instruct the sensing response end to determine whether to perform BFT based on the first frame within the sensing availability window. In this case, the sensing measurement request frame contains the first BFT parameter element. Alternatively, when the first BFT indication is configured to a third value, it is used to instruct the sensing response end to perform BFT within the sensing availability window. In this case, the sensing measurement request frame contains the first BFT parameter element.

[0183] For example, Table 10 shows the meaning of the first BFT indication represented by 2 bits.

[0184] Table 10 Format of the 2-bit First BFT Indicator

[0185] As shown in Table 10, when the first BFT indication is configured as 0 (first value), it indicates that the sensing response end will not perform BFT within the sensing availability window; when the first BFT indication is configured as 10 (second value), it indicates that the sensing response end may perform BFT within the sensing availability window, but the sensing response end must determine whether to perform BFT based on the first frame; when the first BFT indication is configured as 11 (third value), it indicates that the sensing response end must perform BFT within the sensing availability window. It should be understood that the aforementioned configuration values ​​are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation. The first frame is sent by the sensing initiator to the sensing response end for the purpose of performing BFT. This first frame is used to instruct the sensing response end to perform BFT within the sensing availability window. That is, the first frame can serve two purposes: one is to instruct the sensing response end to perform BFT within the sensing availability window in which the first frame is sent, and the other is to confirm the status of the sensing response end and determine whether it can perform BFT within the sensing availability window in which the first frame is sent.

[0186] Optionally, the first and second bits mentioned above can be carried in the Sensing subelements field of the sensing measurement parameter element. For example, the first and second bits can occupy bits B38 and B39 in Table 4, because the TB Sensing Specific subelement shown in Table 4 is specifically used to set the configuration parameters for sensing measurements of the TB class. Alternatively, the first and second bits mentioned above can be carried in the Sensing Measurement Parameters field of the sensing measurement parameter element. For example, the first and second bits can occupy any two bits from B35 to B39 in Table 3. It should be noted that the first and second bits mentioned above can also occupy other positions in the sensing measurement request frame, and this application does not specifically limit this.

[0187] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit. When the first BFT indication is configured to a fourth value, it indicates that BFT is not performed within the sensing availability window, and in this case, the sensing measurement request frame does not contain the first BFT parameter element. Alternatively, when the first BFT indication is configured to a fifth value, it indicates that BFT is performed based on the first frame within the sensing availability window, and in this case, the sensing measurement request frame contains the first BFT parameter element.

[0188] Optionally, this 1 bit can be carried in the Sensing subelements field of the sensing measurement parameter element. For example, this 1 bit can occupy any bit in B38 and B39 of Table 4, because the TB Sensing Specific subelement shown in Table 4 is specifically used to set the configuration parameters for sensing measurements of the TB class. Alternatively, this 1 bit can be carried in the Sensing Measurement Parameters field of the sensing measurement parameter element. For example, this 1 bit can occupy any bit in B35 to B39 of Table 3. It should be noted that this 1 bit indicating the first BFT indication can also occupy other positions in the sensing measurement request frame, and this application does not specifically limit this.

[0189] For example, Table 11 shows the meaning of the first BFT indication represented by 1 bit.

[0190] Table 11 Format of the 1-bit First BFT Indicator

[0191] As shown in Table 11, when the first BFT indication is configured to 0 (fourth value), it indicates that the sensing response end does not perform BFT within the sensing availability window; when the first BFT indication is configured to 1 (fifth value), it indicates that the sensing response end determines whether to perform BFT based on the first frame within the sensing availability window. In this case, the meaning of the first BFT indication is the same as that of the first BFT indication being 10 in Table 10: the sensing response end may perform BFT within the sensing availability window, but it still needs to determine whether to perform BFT based on the first frame. It should be understood that the aforementioned configuration values ​​are only examples and do not constitute a limitation.

[0192] In this application, when performing BFT, the sensing initiator can indicate the configuration parameters (first BFT parameter element) for performing BFT in the sensing measurement request frame. The first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters for the sensing response end when performing BFT. The first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

[0193] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits, and when the first BFT indication is configured to a first value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a second or third value, the sensing measurement request frame includes the first BFT parameter element.

[0194] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit, and when the first BFT indication is configured to a fourth value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a fifth value, the sensing measurement request frame includes the first BFT parameter element.

[0195] In this application, the BFT within the sensing availability window can be considered a "pre-sensing" process. The sensing initiator can configure the BFT according to the implementation method of sensing measurement. In other words, the sensing initiator can determine the configuration parameters (first BFT parameter element) when performing BFT based on the Sensing Measurement Parameters element, thereby improving the efficiency of sensing measurement.

[0196] In one possible implementation, the sensing initiator may carry a first beamforming parameter element in the sensing measurement request frame. This first BFT parameter element is a parameter configured by the sensing initiator for the sensing response to perform BFT. The first BFT parameter element includes at least one of the following information: the device initiating the BFT, the BFT mode, the receive beam training instruction, the number of transmit beams in the BFT, the number of receive beams in the BFT, the BFT feedback from the sensing response to the sensing initiator, the BFT feedback from the sensing initiator to the sensing response, and the BFT from the sensing response to the sensing response.

[0197] For example, as shown in Table 12, the beamforming parameters field in the first BFT parameter element includes the following fields and their assigned values:

[0198] 1) Beamforming initiator (BFT): 1 bit

[0199] →1: non-AP STA

[0200] →0: AP

[0201] or,

[0202] →1: Sensing and Response End

[0203] →0: Perception Initiator

[0204] 2) BFT mode (beamforming mode): 2 bits

[0205] →00: Reserved

[0206] →01: The sensing response end performs BFT on the transmitted beam.

[0207] →10: The sensing initiator performs BFT on the transmitted beam.

[0208] →11: Both the sensing initiator and sensing response end perform BFT of the transmitted beam.

[0209] 3) Receive beam training instruction: 1 bit

[0210] →When beamforming mode / type = 10 or 11

[0211] →1: The sensing response end performs BFT on the received beam.

[0212] →0: The sensing response end uses quasi-omni omnidirectional beam reception or the default directional beam reception.

[0213] →When beamforming mode = 00 or 01, Reserved

[0214] 4) Number of transmit beams during BFT: 8 bits

[0215] → When beamforming mode = 01 or 11, positive integers

[0216] →When beamforming mode = 00 or 10, Reserved

[0217] 5) Number of receive beams during BFT: 8 bits

[0218] →When beamforming mode = 10 or 11 and receive training = 1, positive integers

[0219] →When beamforming mode = 10 or 11 and receive training = 0, 0

[0220] →When beamforming mode = 00 or 01, Reserved

[0221] 6) BFT feedback (SR2SI beamforming feedback) from the sensing response end to the sensing initiator end: 1 bit

[0222] →When beamforming mode = 10 or 11

[0223] →1: The sensing response end feeds back the BFT measurement results of all transmitted beams.

[0224] →0: The sensing response unit only feeds back the BFT measurement results of the optimal transmission beam.

[0225] →When beamforming mode = 00 or 01, Reserved

[0226] 7) BFT feedback (SI2SR beamforming feedback) from the sensing initiator to the sensing response: 1 bit

[0227] →When beamforming mode = 01 or 11

[0228] →1: The sensing initiator feeds back the BFT measurement results of the optimal transmission beam to the sensing response end.

[0229] →0: The sensing initiator does not provide feedback.

[0230] →When beamforming mode = 00 or 10, Reserved

[0231] 8) Sensor-to-Sensor Beamforming Training (SR2SR): 1 bit

[0232] →1: This sensing response unit performs BFT with at least one other sensing response unit.

[0233] →0: This sensing response unit does not participate in the sensing response unit-to-sensing response unit BFT.

[0234] The statement above, "The sensing initiator can determine the configuration parameters (first BFT parameter element) for BFT based on the Sensing Measurement Parameters element," illustrates that the configuration parameters for BFT are described by the role assigned to the sensing response by the sensing initiator. For example, in TB-type sensing measurements, as shown in Table 13, when the sensing initiator assigns the sensing response as either a sensing transmitter or a sensing receiver, it affects the parameter configuration of the first BFT parameter element, thereby enabling BFT to better assist sensing measurements. Specifically, the sensing initiator configures the role of the sensing response through the Sensing Transmitter and Sensing Receiver fields in the Sensing Measurement Parameters element (as shown in Table 3). Alternatively, the configuration parameters during BFT can be determined by the implementation method of sensing measurement. For example, when the sensing initiator instructs the sensing response to perform SR2SR detection during the sensing measurement process, the sensing initiator can instruct the sensing response to perform sensing response-to-sensing response BFT (SR2SR beamforming training) through the first BFT parameter element to assist subsequent sensing measurements. The sensing initiator instructs the sensing response to perform SR2SR detection through the SR2SR field in the TB Sensing Specific subelement (as shown in Table 4).

[0235] It should be noted that the values ​​and number of bits configured in the above description of the first BFT parameter element are examples and not limitations. Furthermore, not all fields included in the first BFT parameter element are required to appear simultaneously; adjustments can be made according to actual needs.

[0236] Table 12 First BFT parameter element format

[0237] Table 13 Parameter Configuration of the First BFT Parameter Element

[0238] Step 402: The sensing initiator sends the first frame to the sensing response end when it is within the sensing availability window and before performing sensing measurements with the sensing response end.

[0239] Referring to the descriptions of related technologies four and seven above, the sensing availability window is used to perform TB-type sensing measurement interactions. That is, the AP sends sensing measurement frames (e.g., Sensing NDPA frames or SI2SR NDP frames) for performing TB-type sensing measurements only after entering the sensing availability window. To meet the requirement of performing BFT before communication in the millimeter-wave band, this application allows BFT to be performed between the sensing initiator and sensing responder after entering the sensing availability window and before sensing measurement begins. This allows BFT to be completed before sensing measurement interaction in the millimeter-wave band, obtaining the beam pair (transmit beam and receive beam) with the best transmission quality for communication, thus improving sensing measurement efficiency in IMW.

[0240] In one possible implementation, "the sensing initiator and the sensing response perform sensing measurements" in the above text can mean that the sensing measurement occurs between the sensing initiator and the sensing response, or it can mean that the sensing initiator schedules the sensing measurement to be performed between the sensing response. This application describes the former as an example.

[0241] To perform BFT, the sensing initiator can send a first frame to the sensing response end. This first frame instructs the sensing response end to perform BFT within the sensing availability window. That is, the first frame serves two purposes: firstly, it instructs the sensing response end to perform BFT within the sensing availability window in which it was sent; secondly, it confirms the status of the sensing response end, determining whether it can perform BFT within the sensing availability window. In this application, scenarios requiring BFT may include: the first sensing measurement interaction after the establishment of a sensing measurement session; the sensing initiator determining a channel change based on historical results; and the sensing initiator using BFT to predict environmental parameters to assist in sensing measurements.

[0242] As shown in Figure 2a, a TB-type sensing measurement interaction includes four phases: a polling phase, an NDPA sounding phase, a TF sounding phase, and a reporting phase. The polling phase is used by the sensing initiator to confirm whether the sensing responder participates in the sensing measurement interaction within the sensing availability window. Specifically, the sensing initiator sends a sensing polling trigger frame to one or more sensing responders. If the sensing responder intends to participate in the sensing measurement interaction within this sensing availability window, it can reply with a CTS-to-self frame to the sensing initiator to declare its availability. If the sensing responder does not intend to participate in the sensing measurement interaction within this sensing availability window, for example, if its device is out of power, it will not reply.

[0243] The above process follows the 802.11bf protocol. When considering IMW technology, the sensing initiator must confirm not only that the sensing response end is responsive on the sub-7GHz link, but also on the mmWave link. This is because different links can conduct independent communication services or have independent power management mechanisms. The polling phase function can be extended to the mmWave link. That is, the sensing initiator sends a sensing polling trigger frame to the sensing response end on the sub-7GHz link. If the sensing response end responds to this frame, for example, by replying with a CTS-to-self frame, it indicates that the sensing response end can participate in sensing measurements on the mmWave link, implicitly indicating that the sensing response end is available on the mmWave link. In other words, the sensing response end's response on the sub-7GHz link indicates that it is available on both the sub-7GHz and mmWave links.

[0244] Based on the 802.11bf protocol, the presence of a polling phase in a TB-type sensing measurement interaction (refer to Figures 2a and 2b) can be determined through parameter negotiation between the AP and the non-AP STA. Therefore, the sensing measurement interaction phase can include two scenarios:

[0245] 1) The first frame includes a sensing polling trigger frame, which includes a second BFT indicator; when the second BFT indicator is configured to the sixth value, it is used to indicate that BFT is performed at the sensing response end within the sensing availability window.

[0246] When the first BFT indication of 2 bits is 10, or when the first indication of 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the sensing response end may perform BFT within the sensing availability window. The sensing response end needs to determine whether to perform BFT based on the first frame (dynamic indication) within the sensing availability window.

[0247] If the first frame is a sensing polling trigger frame, then whether to perform BFT can be determined based on the second BFT indication in the sensing polling trigger frame. That is, when the second BFT indication is configured to the sixth value, it is used to indicate that BFT is performed within the sensing availability window.

[0248] For example, as shown in Table 14, the second BFT instruction (beamforming training) can be carried in the Trigger Dependent Common Info field of the sensing polling trigger frame. When the second BFT instruction is configured to 0, it indicates that BFT is not performed within the sensing availability window; or, when the second BFT instruction is configured to 1, it indicates that BFT is performed within the sensing availability window.

[0249] Table 14. Trigger Dependent Common Info field format

[0250] For example, Figure 5a is an example flowchart of the TB-type sensing measurement interaction of this application. As shown in Figure 5a, within a sensing availability window, the interaction between the sensing initiator (e.g., AP) and the sensing response (e.g., non-AP STA) includes: the sensing initiator transmitting a Sensing Polling Trigger frame in the sub-7GHz band, and the value of the beamforming training field (second BFT indicator) in the Sensing Polling Trigger frame is set to 1. In response to the Sensing Polling Trigger frame, the sensing response transmits a CTS-to-self frame in the sub-7GHz band, indicating that the sensing response is available in both the sub-7GHz band and the mmWave band. Then, the sensing initiator and the sensing response perform BFT in the mmWave band. It is evident that BFT can be implemented in the mmWave band with the assistance of the sub-7GHz frequency band. Based on the results of the aforementioned BFT stage, the sensing initiator and sensing response end can perform sensing measurements in the mmWave band. For example, the sensing initiator transmits an NDP (such as a SI2SR NDP) in the mmWave band for the sensing response end to perform sensing measurements. To improve the robustness of the sensing measurement result feedback, the sensing response end can transmit the sensing measurement results in the sub-7GHz frequency band. For example, the sensing response end transmits a Sensing Measurement Report frame in the sub-7GHz frequency band. It should be understood that in this application, BFT can be implemented through a combination of the sub-7GHz frequency band and the millimeter-wave frequency band, or it can be implemented entirely in the millimeter-wave frequency band; no specific limitation is made in this regard.

[0251] It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples illustrating the BFT and sensing measurement process with a polling phase in a TB-type sensing measurement interaction, but this does not constitute a limitation on the timing within the sensing availability window, and this application does not impose any specific limitations on it.

[0252] 2) The first frame includes the first trigger frame, which is not a sensing measurement frame.

[0253] When the first BFT indication of 2 bits is 10, or when the first indication of 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the sensing response end may perform BFT within the sensing availability window. The sensing response end needs to determine whether to perform BFT based on the first frame (dynamic indication) within the sensing availability window.

[0254] Within a sensing availability window, if the polling phase is absent, the sensing initiator will directly perform sensing measurements, i.e., execute the NDPA sounding phase or TF sounding phase (in this case, the sensing initiator does not need to first confirm the status of the sensing response end and can directly initiate the measurement). In this application, within the sensing availability window, before sending sensing measurement frames (e.g., Sensing NDPA frames, SR2SI Sounding Trigger frames, etc.), the sensing initiator first sends a first trigger frame (e.g., Basic Trigger, MU-RTS Trigger, BSRP Trigger frames, etc.) that is not a sensing measurement frame to confirm the status of the mmWave link at the sensing response end. The sensing response end can reply with a second frame (e.g., PS-Poll frames, QoS Null frames, etc.) on the sub-7GHz link, indicating that it is available on both the sub-7GHz link and the mmWave link.

[0255] The act of the sensing initiator sending the first trigger frame indicates that the sensing response end needs to perform BFT within the sensing availability window. That is, if the sensing initiator directly enters the NDPA sounding phase or TF sounding phase without sending the first trigger frame, it means that the sensing response end does not need to perform BFT within the sensing availability window; if the sensing initiator sends the first trigger frame, it means that the sensing response end needs to perform BFT within the sensing availability window.

[0256] It should be noted that the aforementioned first trigger frame may also include other non-perceptual measurement frames, without specific limitations.

[0257] For example, Figure 5b is an example flowchart of the TB-type sensing measurement interaction of this application. As shown in Figure 5b, within a sensing availability window, the interaction between the sensing initiator (e.g., AP) and the sensing response (e.g., non-AP STA) includes: the sensing initiator sending a Basic Trigger frame in the sub-7GHz band; in response to the Basic Trigger frame, the sensing response sends a PS-Poll frame in the sub-7GHz band, indicating that the sensing response is available in both the sub-7GHz band and the mmWave band. Then, the sensing initiator and the sensing response perform BFT in the mmWave band. It can be seen that BFT can be implemented in the mmWave band with the assistance of the sub-7GHz band; based on the results of the aforementioned BFT stage, the sensing initiator and the sensing response can perform sensing measurements in the mmWave band. For example, the sensing initiator sends an NDP (e.g., SI2SR NDP) in the mmWave band for sensing measurements. To improve the robustness of the feedback of sensing measurement results, the sensing response end can transmit the sensing measurement results in the sub-7GHz frequency band. For example, the sensing response end can transmit a sensing measurement report frame in the sub-7GHz frequency band. It should be understood that in this application, BFT can be implemented by combining the sub-7GHz frequency band and the millimeter wave frequency band, or it can be implemented entirely in the millimeter wave frequency band; no specific limitation is made in this regard.

[0258] It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples illustrating a BFT and sensing measurement process without a polling phase in a TB-type sensing measurement interaction, but this does not constitute a limitation on the timing within the sensing availability window, and this application does not impose any specific limitations on it.

[0259] Step 403: The sensing and response end responds to the first frame and sends the second frame.

[0260] The sensing initiator sends a first frame to the sensing response end on the sub-7GHz link. If the sensing response end responds to the first frame, it can send a second frame, for example, replying to a CTS-to-self frame in response to a sensing polling trigger frame, or replying to a PS-Poll frame or QoS Null frame in response to a Basic Trigger frame, MU-RTS Trigger frame or BSRP Trigger frame, to indicate that the sensing response end is available on the mmWave link.

[0261] Step 404: The sensing initiator and sensing response end perform BFT in the millimeter wave band.

[0262] Based on the above steps, the sensing initiator and sensing response end can perform BFT in the millimeter-wave band, thereby meeting the communication requirements of the millimeter-wave band.

[0263] In one possible implementation, the phrase "the sensing initiator and the sensing response perform BFT in the millimeter-wave band" in the above text can mean that the BFT occurs between the sensing initiator and the sensing response, or it can mean that the sensing initiator schedules the BFT to occur between the sensing response. This application describes the former as an example.

[0264] It should be noted that step 401 of process 400 is executed during the Sensing measurement session establishment phase, while steps 402-404 are executed during the Sensing measurement exchange phase. Therefore, steps 401 and 402-404 are optional steps. For example, step 401 can be executed during the Sensing measurement session establishment phase, but steps 402-404 can be skipped; or steps 402-404 can be executed during the Sensing measurement exchange phase, but step 401 can be skipped. Optionally, step 401 can be performed in the sub-7GHz frequency band, or the Sensing measurement session establishment phase can be performed in the sub-7GHz frequency band.

[0265] In this application, the sensing initiator and sensing response end perform BFT in the millimeter-wave band before sensing measurements are performed within the sensing availability window. This obtains the beam pair (transmit beam and receive beam) with the best transmission quality within the sensing availability window for information transmission between the sensing initiator and sensing response end. Furthermore, the BFT result can assist in sensing measurements in the millimeter-wave band, improving the efficiency of sensing measurements in IMW.

[0266] Figure 6 is a flowchart of process 600 of the beamforming training method provided in this application. Process 600 can be applied to IMW technology and is jointly executed by the AP and non-AP STA described above, wherein the AP is the sensing initiator and the non-AP STA is the sensing response. Process 600 is described as a series of steps or operations. It should be understood that process 600 can be executed in various orders and / or occur simultaneously, and is not limited to the execution order shown in Figure 6. Process 600 may include:

[0267] Step 601: The sensing initiator sends a sensing measurement request frame to the sensing response end.

[0268] The sensing measurement request frame may include a sensing measurement parameter element (as shown in Table 2) and a first BFT indication. The sensing measurement parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters of the sensing measurement, and the first BFT indication is used to instruct the sensing response end to perform BFT within the beamforming training window.

[0269] The method described in this application uses TB-type sensing measurement as an example. The AP and sensing initiator can be interchanged, or the AP and sensing initiator can be uniformly described as sensing initiator. The sensing initiator can allocate a beamforming training window to the sensing response end during the sensing measurement session establishment phase (refer to the description in related technology four above) for the sensing response end to perform BFT. The sensing initiator will send sensing measurement request frames (as shown in Table 1) to one or more sensing response ends one by one to request the establishment of a sensing measurement session. The sensing measurement request frame may include a Sensing Measurement Parameters element and a first BFT indication.

[0270] If the initial allocation of a beamforming training window from the sensing initiator to the sensing response fails, the sensing response can provide suggested sensing measurement configuration parameters in the sensing measurement response frame. This includes an availability bitmap provided by the sensing response. The sensing initiator can then re-allocate a beamforming training window based on this availability bitmap. For example, if the availability bitmap provided by the sensing response is 101100111, the sensing initiator can allocate a beamforming training window based on the time period indicated by the third "1" and a sensing availability window based on the time indicated by the fourth "1".

[0271] The sensing initiator can schedule the sensing response terminals participating in sensing measurements within the sensing availability window to perform beamforming training (BFT). For example, if the sensing initiator (in chronological order) allocates beamforming training window 1, sensing availability window 1, and sensing availability window 2, the sensing initiator will schedule one or more sensing response terminals within sensing availability window 1 to perform BFT within beamforming training window 1, but will not schedule sensing response terminals within sensing availability window 2 to perform BFT. This is because the time interval between beamforming training window 1 and sensing availability window 2 is relatively long, and real-time changes in the channel can affect the beamforming training results. By the time sensing availability window 2 arrives, the beam obtained through BFT in beamforming training window 1 may no longer be valid.

[0272] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits, which, when configured to a first value, indicate that no BFT is performed within the beamforming training window; or, when configured to a second value, indicate that whether to perform BFT is determined based on the first frame within the beamforming training window; or, when configured to a third value, indicate that BFT is performed within the beamforming training window.

[0273] For example, the meaning of the 2-bit first BFT indication shown in Table 10 can be referred to, which will not be repeated here.

[0274] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit, which, when configured as a fourth value, indicates that no BFT is performed within the beamforming training window; or, when configured as a fifth value, indicates that whether to perform BFT is determined based on the first frame within the beamforming training window.

[0275] For example, the meaning of the 1-bit first BFT indication shown in Table 11 can be referred to, which will not be repeated here.

[0276] In this application, when performing BFT, the sensing initiator can indicate beamforming training window information in the sensing measurement request frame. This beamforming training window information can be used to allocate a beamforming training window to the sensing response end and indicate the configuration parameters (first BFT parameter element) when performing BFT. The first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters of the sensing response end when performing BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

[0277] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits. When the first BFT indication is configured to a first value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a second or third value, the sensing measurement request frame includes beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element.

[0278] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit, and when the first BFT indication is configured to a fourth value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a fifth value, the sensing measurement request frame includes beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element.

[0279] It should be noted that this application may also use an implicit method to indicate whether the sensing response end performs BFT, that is, instead of using the first BFT indication mentioned above, it may indicate whether BFT is performed by whether the beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter elements are carried in the sensing measurement request frame, without making specific limitations on this.

[0280] In this application, the sensing initiator allocates a beamforming training window to the sensing response end. The beamforming training window information used to describe the beamforming training window can be implemented in the following three ways:

[0281] 1) Beamforming training window element: Beamforming training window information can be carried in the beamforming training window element, which is carried in the sensing measurement request frame. The beamforming training window element can include a beamforming training window field, which includes at least one beamforming training window information corresponding to at least one beamforming training window. A beamforming training window information includes the start time, duration, and period of the beamforming training window.

[0282] Table 15. Newly Designed Beamforming Training Window Element Format

[0283] For example, as shown in Table 15, the format of the newly designed beamforming training window element can be similar to that of the RSTA Availability Window element shown in Table 5.

[0284] The beamforming training window field of the beamforming training window element includes at least one beamforming training window indication information (beamforming training window information 1 — beamforming training window information N). Each beamforming training window information (e.g., beamforming training window information 1) includes the start time, duration, and periodicity of its corresponding BFT window. The start time of the beamforming training window is given based on the local clock of the sensing initiator. The duration represents the length of the beamforming training window, which can be in units of 100 microseconds, 200 microseconds, 500 microseconds, or 1 millisecond. The period represents the repetition period of the beamforming training window, which can be in units of 100 TU, 200 TU, or 500 TU. It should be understood that the aforementioned units are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation.

[0285] In this application, the beamforming training window and the sensing availability window can have the following relationship:

[0286] ①The beamforming training window starts earlier than the sensing availability window;

[0287] ② The periodicity of the beamforming training window is greater than or equal to the periodicity of the sensing availability window. That is, the beamforming training window is more sparsely arranged, and BFT is not required before every sensing measurement;

[0288] ③ There is no restriction on whether the beamforming training window and the sensing availability window overlap.

[0289] In one possible implementation, the beamforming training window element described above can be carried within the TB Sensing Specific subelement of the sensing measurement request frame. For example, a field can be added after the Availability Window field in the TB Sensing Specific subelement shown in Table 4 to carry the beamforming training window element.

[0290] 2) Beamforming training availability information: Beamforming training window information is carried in the beamforming training availability information field, which is carried in the RSTA Availability Window element of the sensing measurement request frame.

[0291] Table 16 Improved RSTA Availability Window Element Format

[0292] For example, as shown in Table 16, this application can reuse the RSTA Availability Window element (as shown in Table 5), which is carried in the Availability Window field of the TB Sensing Specific subelement in the sensing measurement request frame (as shown in Table 4). Two fields are added to the RSTA Availability Window element: an availability control field and a beamforming training availability information field. The availability control field can further include the beamforming training availability field. Optionally, when beamforming training availability is configured to 0, it indicates that no beamforming training window is allocated, and the beamforming training availability information field can be omitted. When beamforming training availability is configured to 1, it indicates that a beamforming training window is allocated, and the parameters of the beamforming training window are configured in the beamforming training availability information field.

[0293] As can be seen, the improved RSTA Availability Window element can carry two availability information fields: RSTA Availability Information and beamforming training availability information. RSTA Availability Information is used to allocate the sensing measurement window (i.e., sensing availability window), and beamforming training availability information is used to allocate the BFT window (i.e., beamforming training window).

[0294] 3) Beamforming Training Instruction: Beamforming training window information is carried in the beamforming training instruction, which is carried in the RSTA Availability Information field of the RSTA Availability Window element in the sensing measurement request frame. When the beamforming training instruction is configured to the sixth value, it indicates that the configured window is used for BFT; when the beamforming training instruction is configured to the seventh value, it indicates that the configured window is used for sensing measurement.

[0295] Table 17 Improved RSTA Availability Window Element Format

[0296] For example, as shown in Table 17, this application can reuse the RSTA Availability Window element (as shown in Table 5), which is carried in the Availability Window field of the TB Sensing Specific subelement of the sensing measurement request frame (as shown in Table 4). A beamforming training indicator, i.e., a BFT indicator, is added to the RSTA Availability Information field of the RSTA Availability Window element to indicate that the configured window is used for BFT. For example, B23 is used as the BFT indicator (beamforming training). When the BFT indicator is configured as 1 (sixth value), it indicates that the configured window is used for BFT (i.e., beamforming training window); when the BFT indicator is configured as 0 (seventh value), it indicates that the configured window is used for sensing measurement (i.e., sensing availability window).

[0297] In this application, the BFT within the sensing availability window can be considered as a "pre-sensing" process. The sensing initiator can configure the BFT according to the implementation method of sensing measurement. In other words, the sensing initiator can determine the configuration parameters (first BFT parameter element) when performing BFT based on the Sensing Measurement Parameters element, thereby improving the efficiency of sensing measurement and reducing the time occupied by BFT in the sensing availability window.

[0298] The first BFT parameter element can be referred to the relevant description of step 401 in the embodiment shown in FIG4, which will not be repeated here.

[0299] Step 602: The sensing initiator sends the first frame to the sensing response end within the beamforming training window.

[0300] To meet the requirement that beamforming freeform testing (BFT) is necessary before communication in the millimeter-wave band, this application allows BFT to be performed between the sensing initiator and sensing responder after entering the beamforming training window. Since the beamforming training window starts earlier than the sensing availability window, BFT occurs before sensing measurements. This allows BFT to be completed before sensing measurement interactions in the millimeter-wave band, ensuring the best-quality beam pair (transmit and receive beams) for communication, thus assisting sensing measurements in the millimeter-wave band and improving sensing measurement efficiency in the IMW (In-Millimeter-Wave Multi-Dimensional Measurement).

[0301] To perform Beamforming Free (BFT), the sensing initiator can send a first frame to the sensing response end. This first frame instructs the sensing response end to perform BFT within the beamforming training window. That is, the first frame serves two purposes: firstly, it notifies the sensing response end that BFT will be performed within the beamforming training window in which the first frame is sent; secondly, it confirms the status of the sensing response end, determining whether it can perform BFT within the beamforming training window. In this application, scenarios requiring BFT may include: the first sensing measurement interaction after the establishment of a sensing measurement session; the sensing initiator determining a channel change based on historical results; and the sensing initiator using BFT to predict environmental parameters to assist in sensing measurements. Optionally, the first frame can be sent in the sub-7GHz band.

[0302] In one possible implementation, the first frame includes a first trigger frame, which is not a sensing measurement frame; the first trigger frame includes a second BFT indication; when the second BFT indication is configured to an eighth value, it is used to indicate that BFT is not performed within the beamforming training window; or, when the second BFT indication is configured to a ninth value, it is used to indicate that BFT is performed within the beamforming training window.

[0303] Within a beamforming training window, the sensing initiator can send a first trigger frame (e.g., Basic Trigger, BSRP Trigger, MU-RTS Trigger frame, etc.) to confirm the status of the mmWave link at the sensing response end. This first trigger frame carries a second BFT indication, indicating whether the sensing response end will perform BFT within the beamforming training window. For example, when the second BFT indication is configured to 0 (eighth value), it indicates that the sensing response end will not perform BFT within the beamforming training window; or, when the second BFT indication is configured to 1 (ninth value), it indicates that the sensing response end will perform BFT within the beamforming training window. The sensing response end can reply with a second frame on the sub-7GHz link (e.g., PS-Poll frame, QoS Null frame, etc.), indicating that both the sub-7GHz link and the mmWave link are available. It should be understood that the aforementioned configuration values ​​are merely examples and are not intended to impose specific limitations.

[0304] Optionally, the second BFT indication is carried in any of the reserved fields of the Common Info field of the first trigger frame; or, the second BFT indication is carried in the More TF field of the Common Info field of the first trigger frame.

[0305] Optionally, the first trigger frame may also include a BFRP Trigger frame, which includes a second BFT indication, and when the second BFT indication is configured to the ninth value, all bits of the Feedback Segment Retransmission Bitmap field of the BFRP Trigger frame are configured to 0.

[0306] Table 18 EHT variant Common Info field format

[0307] For example, as shown in Table 18, the second BFT instruction can be implemented in the following two ways:

[0308] 1) The sensing initiator can use any reserved bit in the Common Info field of the first trigger frame as a second BFT indicator. For example, B22, B26, B53, or B63 can be used as the second BFT indicator to indicate whether the sensing response needs to perform BFT within the beamforming training window. When the second BFT indicator is configured as 1 (the ninth value), it indicates that BFT needs to be performed within the beamforming training window; when the second BFT indicator is configured as 0 (the eighth value), it indicates that BFT does not need to be performed within the beamforming training window, and the sensing response can return to the sleep state.

[0309] 2) The sensing initiator can use the More TF field (B16) of the Common Info field of the first trigger frame as the second BFT indicator to indicate whether BFT needs to be performed within the beamforming training window. When the second BFT indicator is configured as 1 (the ninth value), it means that BFT needs to be performed within the beamforming training window; when the second BFT indicator is configured as 0 (the eighth value), it means that BFT does not need to be performed within the beamforming training window. At this time, the sensing response end can return to the sleep state.

[0310] In addition, if the sensing initiator uses a BFRP Trigger frame to confirm whether the sensing response is available, the sensing initiator can configure all bits of the Feedback Segment Retransmission Bitmap field in the BFRP Trigger frame to 0.

[0311] Step 603: The sensing and response end responds to the first frame and sends the second frame.

[0312] The sensing initiator sends a first frame to the sensing responder on the sub-7GHz link. If the sensing responder responds to the first frame, it can send a second frame, such as a PS-Poll frame or a QoS Null frame in response to a Basic Trigger frame, BSRP Trigger frame, or MU-RTS Trigger frame, to indicate that the sensing responder is available on the mmWave link.

[0313] Step 604: The sensing initiator and sensing response end perform BFT in the millimeter wave band.

[0314] Based on the above steps, the sensing initiator and sensing response end can perform BFT in the millimeter-wave band, thereby meeting the communication requirements of the millimeter-wave band.

[0315] It should be noted that step 601 of process 600 is executed during the Sensing measurement session establishment phase, while steps 602-604 are executed during the Sensing measurement exchange phase. Therefore, steps 601 and 602-604 are optional steps. For example, step 601 can be executed during the Sensing measurement session establishment phase without executing steps 602-604; or steps 602-604 can be executed during the Sensing measurement exchange phase without executing step 601. Optionally, step 601 can be performed in the sub-7GHz frequency band, or the Sensing measurement session establishment phase can be performed in the sub-7GHz frequency band.

[0316] In this application, the sensing initiator and sensing response end perform beamforming time (BFT) in the millimeter-wave band within the beamforming training window. The start time of the beamforming training window is earlier than the start time of the sensing availability window. Therefore, the BFT is performed earlier than the sensing measurement. This allows for obtaining the beam pair (transmit beam and receive beam) with the best transmission quality, which is used for information transmission between the sensing initiator and sensing response end within the sensing availability window. Furthermore, the results of the BFT can assist in the sensing measurement in the millimeter-wave band, improving the efficiency of sensing measurement in the IMW.

[0317] Figure 7 is a flowchart of process 700 of the beamforming training method provided in this application. Process 700 can be applied to IMW technology and is jointly executed by the AP and non-AP STA described above. Process 700 is described as a series of steps or operations. It should be understood that process 700 can be executed in various orders and / or occur simultaneously, and is not limited to the execution order shown in Figure 7. Process 700 may include:

[0318] Step 701: The AP broadcasts a beacon via the first link.

[0319] Referring to the description in section six above, the AP can broadcast its configured TWT schedule. Non-AP STAs can then choose to join a specific TWT based on the broadcast schedule. This operation is called the Broadcast TWT operation. In the Broadcast TWT operation, the AP carries one or more TWT elements in the beacon frame to announce one or more TWT schedules (the configuration parameters of each TWT schedule are carried in a TWT element). Non-AP STAs can request to join a specific TWT based on the information provided in the beacon frame, or the AP can directly configure a non-AP STA to become a member of a specific TWT schedule.

[0320] Based on the aforementioned Broadcast TWT operation, it is known that the AP carries at least one TWT element when broadcasting the Beacon, and each TWT element is configured with at least one TWT schedule. Therefore, the AP can utilize this mechanism to carry at least one TWT element when broadcasting the Beacon, which is used to configure the TWT schedule for performing BFT (also known as the BFT TWT schedule). The non-AP STA can then perform BFT with the AP according to this BFT TWT schedule. It should be noted that sensing measurement can be one possible implementation of this application. For example, the AP, as the sensing initiator, can configure the BFT TWT schedule for the non-AP STA, which acts as the sensing responder, before the sensing availability window begins, so as to complete the BFT before the sensing availability window, thereby improving the efficiency of sensing measurement within the sensing availability window.

[0321] In IMW technology, the AP does not transmit Beacon on the mmWave link and cannot transmit the TWT parameters of the mmWave link. Therefore, the TWT of the mmWave link can be transmitted by the Beacon on the sub-7GHz link. Furthermore, since BFT in IMW technology may be implemented using a combination of high and low frequencies (e.g., low-frequency scheduling, high-frequency beam scanning, etc.), the TWT of the mmWave link may also rely on the TWT of the sub-7GHz link.

[0322] Based on this, the beacon broadcast by the AP via the first link can be used to indicate the first TWT and the second TWT for cooperating on BFT on the second link. The first TWT corresponds to the first link (i.e., the sub-7GHz link), and the second TWT corresponds to the second link (i.e., the mmWave link). The frequency band of the second link is higher than that of the first link. That is, the aforementioned first TWT is used for the TWT schedule on the first link, and the aforementioned second TWT is used for the BFT TWT schedule on the second link.

[0323] This application allows for two implementations of the TWT element carried in the Beacon. Both implementations share the common feature that the control field of any TWT element includes a BFT (beamforming training) instruction. When the BFT instruction is configured with a first value, it indicates that BFT is performed within at least one TWT indicated by that TWT element. Furthermore, the two implementations of the TWT element are as follows:

[0324] 1) The beacon includes a first TWT element. The TWT Parameter Information field of this first TWT element includes a broadcast TWT identifier and a link ID. The broadcast TWT identifier is used to identify the first TWT, and the link ID is used to identify the second link for which BFT is performed. When the BFT indication is configured to a second value, it indicates that BFT will not be performed within at least one TWT indicated by this TWT element. In this case, the link ID is not included in the TWT Parameter Information field of the first TWT element.

[0325] Optionally, the Request Type field of the TWT Parameter Information field of the first TWT element includes an Aligned field; when the Aligned field is configured as a third value, it indicates that the second TWT is consistent with the first TWT.

[0326] Optionally, the request type field of the TWT Parameter Information field of the first TWT element includes an identical field; when the identical field is configured as the fourth value, it is used to indicate that the second TWT is consistent with the first TWT.

[0327] In this mode, the TWT (second TWT) on the mmWave link is consistent with the TWT (first TWT) announced in the Beacon transmitted on the sub-7GHz link, that is, they have the same configuration parameters.

[0328] For example, as shown in Table 19, a single TWT element indicates two TWTs (a first TWT and a second TWT). The Control field of this TWT element includes beamforming training:

[0329] When beamforming training = 1, it indicates that beamforming TWT (BFT) is performed within at least one TWT indicated by this TWT element. A beamforming TWT info field is added to the TWT Parameter Information field of this TWT element. This beamforming TWT info field includes a link ID, which represents the mmWave link where BFT is performed. The TWT Parameter Information field of this TWT element also includes a broadcast TWT ID, which is carried in the broadcast TWT Info field. The broadcast TWT ID represents the identifier of the TWT configured on the sub-7GHz link, i.e., the identifier of the first TWT. Optionally, when beamforming training = 0, the TWT Parameter Information field does not carry a link ID, or in other words, the beamforming TWT info field is not included in the TWT Parameter Information field.

[0330] When beamforming training = 1

[0331] a) The Request Type field in the TWT Parameter Information field of the TWT element includes the Aligned field.

[0332] For example, Aligned = 1 indicates that the TWT arrangement of the first TWT is consistent with the TWT arrangement of the second TWT; Aligned = 0 indicates that the TWT arrangement of the first TWT is inconsistent with the TWT arrangement of the second TWT. In the prior art, the Aligned field indicates that the TWT overlap duration on different links is 1TU. This application modifies the meaning of the Aligned field, indicating whether the first TWT and the second TWT are consistent when beamforming training = 1.

[0333] b) Add an "identical" field to the "Request Type" field of the "TWT Parameter Information" field of the TWT element.

[0334] For example, identical = 1 indicates that the TWT arrangement of the first TWT is consistent with the TWT arrangement of the second TWT; identical = 0 indicates that the TWT arrangement of the first TWT is inconsistent with the TWT arrangement of the second TWT.

[0335] 2) The beacon includes a second TWT element and a third TWT element. The TWT Parameter Information field of the second TWT element includes a first Broadcast TWT ID, which is carried in the Broadcast TWT Info field of the second TWT element and is used to identify the first TWT. The TWT Parameter Information field of the third TWT element includes a second Broadcast TWT ID, an associated TWT ID, and a link ID. The second Broadcast TWT ID is carried in the Broadcast TWT Info field of the third TWT element and is used to identify the second TWT. The associated TWT ID is set to the Broadcast TWT ID in the second TWT element and is used to identify the first TWT. The link ID is used to identify the second link for BFT.

[0336] In this approach, the second TWT element indicates the TWT configured on the sub-7GHz link, i.e., the first TWT, and the third TWT element indicates the TWT configured on the mmWave link, i.e., the second TWT. These two TWTs can have the same configuration parameters or different configuration parameters, and they are associated with each other through the associated TWT identifier in the third TWT element.

[0337] Optionally, the associated TWT identifier can be carried in the beamforming TWT info field, as shown in Table 20.

[0338] For example, as shown in Table 19, the Beacon on the sub-7GHz link carries two TWT elements (a second TWT element and a third TWT element). The second TWT element indicates the TWT on the sub-7GHz link, and the third TWT element indicates the TWT on the mmWave link. This allows for flexible configuration of the TWT on the mmWave link, without being limited by the configuration of the TWT on the sub-7GHz link.

[0339] The TWT element (third TWT element) of the mmWave link needs to be associated with the corresponding TWT element (second TWT element) of the sub-7GHz link. The two are combined to complete the BFT, avoiding confusion when the Beacon carries multiple TWT elements.

[0340] a) The TWT element (i.e. the third TWT element) of the mmWave link carries a link ID, indicating the mmWave link to which the TWT element is applied;

[0341] b) The TWT element (i.e. the third TWT element) of the mmWave link carries the TWT identifier (i.e. the associated TWT identifier) ​​of the corresponding sub-7GHz link, indicating that the TWT of the corresponding sub-7GHz link and the TWT of the mmWave link are used together.

[0342] For example, TWT element 1 indicates the TWT on a 5GHz link, and TWT element 2 indicates the TWT on an mmWave link. TWT element 1 only adds a beamforming training field; TWT element 2, in addition to adding a beamforming training field, also adds a link ID, indicating the mmWave link performing BFT, and TWT element 2 contains the Broadcast TWT ID from TWT element 1, indicating that it is used in conjunction with the TWT of TWT element 1.

[0343] In addition, the Request Type field of the TWT Parameter Information field of the second TWT element includes a Broadcast TWT Recommendation; when Broadcast TWT Recommendation is configured to the fifth value, it is used to indicate the transmission of BFT-related frames within the first TWT; the Request Type field of the TWT Parameter Information field of the third TWT element includes a Broadcast TWT Recommendation; when Broadcast TWT Recommendation is configured to the sixth value, it is used to indicate the transmission of BFT-related frames within the second TWT.

[0344] For example, when beamforming training = 1, the Broadcast TWT Recommendation field can also be modified. This application proposes adding a value of 5 to this field, indicating that it is recommended to transmit frames related to BFT within the corresponding TWT:

[0345] In the TWT indicating the sub-7GHz link, frames for BFT transmission in the sub-7GHz band are transmitted.

[0346] In the TWT indicating the mmWave link, frames for BFT transmission in the mmWave band are transmitted.

[0347] It should be noted that the above-mentioned new values ​​can also be any values ​​less than or equal to 7 other than 5, and there are no specific restrictions on this.

[0348] Table 19 TWT element format

[0349] Table 20 TWT element format

[0350] Step 702: AP performs BFT with non-AP STA based on the first TWT and the second TWT.

[0351] Based on the above steps, the TWT of the sub-7GHz link and the TWT of the millimeter-wave link are used in combination, and the AP and non-AP STA can perform BFT, thereby meeting the communication requirements of the millimeter-wave band.

[0352] In this application, the AP uses the Beacon of the sub-7GHz link to transmit at least one TWT element. This at least one TWT element can be used to indicate the TWT of the sub-7GHz link and the TWT of the millimeter-wave link, so that the AP and non-AP STA can perform BFT of the millimeter-wave link within the TWT of the millimeter-wave link. This can meet the communication requirements of the millimeter-wave band and obtain the beam pair (transmit beam and receive beam) with the best transmission quality for communication, thereby improving the communication efficiency in the IMW.

[0353] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 800 of this application. As shown in Figure 8, the communication device 800 of this embodiment can be applied to the sensing transmitter in the method embodiments shown in Figures 4-6 above, or it can also be applied to the AP in the method embodiment shown in Figure 7 above. The communication device 800 may include: a transmitting module 801 and a processing module 802.

[0354] In one possible implementation, the sending module 801 is configured to send a first frame to the sensing response end within the sensing availability window and before performing sensing measurements with the sensing response end, the first frame being used to instruct the sensing response end to perform beamforming training (BFT) within the sensing availability window; the processing module 802 is configured to perform the BFT with the sensing response end in the millimeter-wave band after receiving a second frame sent by the sensing response end in response to the first frame.

[0355] In one possible implementation, the sending module 801 is further configured to send a sensing measurement request frame to the sensing response end. The sensing measurement request frame includes sensing measurement parameter elements and a first BFT indication, wherein the sensing measurement parameter elements are used to indicate the configuration parameters of the sensing measurement, and the first BFT indication is used to indicate whether the sensing response end performs BFT within the sensing availability window.

[0356] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits, which, when configured to a first value, indicate that no BFT is performed within the perceived availability window; or, when configured to a second value, indicate that a BFT is performed based on the first frame within the perceived availability window; or, when configured to a third value, indicate that a BFT is performed within the perceived availability window.

[0357] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits. When the first BFT indication is configured to a first value, the perception measurement request frame does not include the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a second or third value, the perception measurement request frame includes the first BFT parameter element. The first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the perception response performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the perception measurement parameter element.

[0358] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit, which, when configured as a fourth value, indicates that no BFT is performed within the perceived availability window; or, when configured as a fifth value, indicates that a BFT is performed based on the first frame within the perceived availability window.

[0359] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit. When the first BFT indication is configured to a fourth value, the perception measurement request frame does not include the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a fifth value, the perception measurement request frame includes the first BFT parameter element. The first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the perception response performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the perception measurement parameter element.

[0360] In one possible implementation, the first BFT parameter element includes at least one of the following information: the device initiating the BFT, the mode of the BFT, the receive beam training instruction, the number of transmit beams in the BFT, the number of receive beams in the BFT, the BFT feedback from the sensing response end to the sensing initiator, the BFT feedback from the sensing initiator to the sensing response end, and the BFT from the sensing response end to the sensing response end.

[0361] In one possible implementation, the first frame includes a sensing polling trigger frame, which includes a second BFT indication; when the second BFT indication is configured to a sixth value, it indicates that a BFT is performed within the sensing availability window.

[0362] In one possible implementation, the second BFT indication is carried in the Trigger Dependent Common Info field of the perception polling trigger frame.

[0363] In one possible implementation, the first frame includes a first trigger frame, which is not a sensing measurement frame.

[0364] In one possible implementation, the first trigger frame includes a Basic Trigger frame, a BSRP Trigger frame, or a MU-RTS Trigger frame.

[0365] In one possible implementation, the second frame includes a CTS-to-self frame.

[0366] In one possible implementation, the second frame includes a PS-Poll frame or a QoS Null frame.

[0367] In one possible implementation, the first frame is transmitted in a low-frequency band, and the second frame is received in the same low-frequency band, which is lower than the millimeter-wave band.

[0368] In one possible implementation, the sending module 801 is configured to send a first frame to the sensing response end within a beamforming training window. The first frame is used to indicate whether the sensing response end performs beamforming training (BFT) within the beamforming training window, wherein the start time of the beamforming training window is earlier than the start time of the sensing availability window. The processing module 802 is configured to perform the BFT with the sensing response end in the millimeter-wave band after receiving a second frame sent by the sensing response end in response to the first frame.

[0369] In one possible implementation, the sending module 801 is further configured to send a sensing measurement request frame to the sensing response end. The sensing measurement request frame includes sensing measurement parameter elements and a first BFT indication, wherein the sensing measurement parameter elements are used to indicate the configuration parameters of the sensing measurement, and the first BFT indication is used to instruct the sensing response end to perform BFT within the beamforming training window.

[0370] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits, which, when configured to a first value, indicate that no BFT is performed within the beamforming training window; or, when configured to a second value, indicate that whether to perform BFT is determined based on the first frame within the beamforming training window; or, when configured to a third value, indicate that BFT is performed within the beamforming training window.

[0371] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 2 bits. When the first BFT indication is configured to a first value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a second or third value, the sensing measurement request frame includes the beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; wherein the beamforming training window information is used to allocate the beamforming training window to the sensing response end, and the first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the sensing response end performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

[0372] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit, which, when configured as a fourth value, indicates that no BFT is performed within the beamforming training window; or, when configured as a fifth value, indicates that a BFT is performed based on the first frame within the beamforming training window.

[0373] In one possible implementation, the first BFT indication includes 1 bit. When the first BFT indication is configured to a fourth value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; or, when the first BFT indication is configured to a fifth value, the sensing measurement request frame includes the beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; wherein the beamforming training window information is used to allocate the beamforming training window to the sensing response end, and the first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameters when the sensing response end performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

[0374] In one possible implementation, the beamforming training window information is carried in a beamforming training window element, which is carried in the sensing measurement request frame. The beamforming training window element includes a beamforming training window field, which includes at least one beamforming training window information corresponding to at least one beamforming training window. The beamforming training window information includes the start time, duration, and period of the beamforming training window.

[0375] In one possible implementation, the beamforming training window information is carried in the beamforming training availability information field, which is carried in the RSTA Availability Window element of the sensing measurement request frame.

[0376] In one possible implementation, the beamforming training window information is carried in the beamforming training instruction, which is carried in the RSTA Availability Information field of the RSTA Availability window element of the sensing measurement request frame; when the beamforming training instruction is configured to a sixth value, it indicates that the configured window is used for BFT; when the beamforming training instruction is configured to a seventh value, it indicates that the configured window is used for sensing measurement.

[0377] In one possible implementation, the first BFT parameter element includes at least one of the following information: the device initiating the BFT, the mode of the BFT, the receive beam training instruction, the number of transmit beams in the BFT, the number of receive beams in the BFT, the BFT feedback from the sensing response end to the sensing initiator, the BFT feedback from the sensing initiator to the sensing response end, and the BFT from the sensing response end to the sensing response end.

[0378] In one possible implementation, the first frame includes a first trigger frame, which is not a sensing measurement frame; the first trigger frame includes a second BFT indication; when the second BFT indication is configured to an eighth value, it is used to indicate that BFT is not performed within the beamforming training window; or, when the second BFT indication is configured to a ninth value, it is used to indicate that BFT is performed within the beamforming training window.

[0379] In one possible implementation, the second BFT indication is carried in any of the reserved fields of the Common Info field of the first trigger frame; or, the second BFT indication is carried in the More TF field of the Common Info field of the first trigger frame.

[0380] In one possible implementation, when the first trigger frame includes a BFRP Trigger frame and the second BFT indication is configured to the ninth value, all bits of the Feedback Segment Retransmission Bitmap field of the BFRP Trigger frame are configured to 0.

[0381] In one possible implementation, the first trigger frame includes a base trigger frame, a BSRP Trigger frame, or a MU-RTS Trigger frame.

[0382] In one possible implementation, the second frame includes a PS-Poll frame or a QoS Null frame.

[0383] In one possible implementation, the first frame is transmitted in a low-frequency band, and the second frame is received in the same low-frequency band, which is lower than the millimeter-wave band.

[0384] In one possible implementation, the transmitting module 801 is used to broadcast a beacon via a first link, the beacon indicating a first target wake-up time (TWT) and a second TWT for cooperating in beamforming training (BFT) on a second link, the first TWT corresponding to the first link and the second TWT corresponding to the second link, the frequency band of the second link being higher than that of the first link; the processing module 802 is used to perform the BFT with the sensing response end based on the first TWT and the second TWT.

[0385] In one possible implementation, the beacon includes one or more TWT elements, any one of which is used to indicate configuration parameters of at least one TWT; the Control field of any one of the TWT elements includes a BFT (beamforming training) indication; when the BFT indication is configured to a first value, it indicates that BFT is performed within at least one TWT indicated by the TWT element.

[0386] In one possible implementation, when the beacon includes a first TWT element, the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element includes a broadcast TWT identifier and a link identifier, wherein the broadcast TWT identifier is used to identify the first TWT and the link identifier is used to identify the second link performing the BFT.

[0387] In one possible implementation, when the BFT indication is configured to a second value, the link identifier is not included in the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element.

[0388] In one possible implementation, the Request Type field of the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element includes an Aligned field; when the Aligned field is configured with a third value, it indicates that the second TWT is consistent with the first TWT.

[0389] In one possible implementation, the request type field of the TWT parameter information field of the first TWT element includes an identical field; when the identical field is configured with a fourth value, it is used to indicate that the second TWT is consistent with the first TWT.

[0390] In one possible implementation, when the beacon includes a second TWT element and a third TWT element, the TWT parameter information field of the second TWT element includes a first broadcast TWT identifier, which is used to represent the identifier of the first TWT; the TWT parameter information field of the third TWT element includes a second broadcast TWT identifier, an associated TWT identifier, and a link identifier, whereby the second broadcast TWT identifier is used to represent the identifier of the second TWT, the associated TWT identifier is used to represent the identifier of the first TWT, and the link identifier is used to represent the identifier of the second link performing the BFT.

[0391] In one possible implementation, the request type field of the TWT parameter information field of the second TWT element includes a Broadcast TWT Recommendation; when the Broadcast TWT Recommendation is configured to a fifth value, it is used to indicate the transmission of a frame related to the BFT within the first TWT; the request type field of the TWT parameter information field of the third TWT element includes a Broadcast TWT Recommendation; when the Broadcast TWT Recommendation is configured to a sixth value, it is used to indicate the transmission of a frame related to the BFT within the second TWT.

[0392] The apparatus of this embodiment can be used to execute the technical solution of any of the method embodiments shown in Figures 4-7. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described again here.

[0393] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned communication device can be a communication equipment, or it can be a chip, integrated circuit, component, or module, etc., without specific limitation. Specifically, the device may include a connected processor and a memory for storing instructions, or the device may include at least one processor for fetching instructions from external memory. When the device is running, the processor can execute instructions to cause the chip to perform the beamforming training method in the above-described method embodiments.

[0394] This application also provides a chip, which can be the chip of the aforementioned communication device. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chip 900 of this application. As shown in Figure 9, the chip 900 includes one or more processors 901 and interface circuits 902. The processors 901 can implement the functions of the processing module in the aforementioned communication device, and the interface circuits 902 can implement the functions of the transmitting module in the aforementioned communication device. Optionally, the chip 900 may also include a bus 903.

[0395] The processor 901 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the beamforming training method described above can be completed through the integrated logic circuitry in the processor 901 or through software instructions.

[0396] Optionally, the processor 901 described above can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processing (DSP) processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods and steps disclosed in this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0397] The interface circuit 902 can be used to send or receive data, instructions, or information. The processor 901 can process the data, instructions, or other information received by the interface circuit 902 and send the processed information out through the interface circuit 902. Optionally, the interface circuit 902 can directly send information (e.g., a first frame, a sensing measurement request frame, etc.) to other devices, or the interface circuit 902 can send information (e.g., a first frame, a sensing measurement request frame, etc.) to other hardware modules (e.g., radio frequency circuits), which then send it to other devices. This application does not specifically limit this.

[0398] Optionally, the chip may also include memory, which may include read-only memory and random access memory, providing operation instructions and data to the processor. A portion of the memory may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).

[0399] Optionally, the memory stores executable software modules or data structures, and the processor can execute corresponding operations by calling the operation instructions stored in the memory (which may be stored in the operating system).

[0400] Optionally, the chip can be used in the communication device involved in this application. Optionally, the interface circuit 902 can be used to output the execution result of the processor 901. For the beamforming training method provided by one or more embodiments of this application, please refer to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0401] It should be noted that the functions of the processor 901 and the interface circuit 902 can be implemented through hardware design, software design, or a combination of hardware and software; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0402] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 1000 of this application. As shown in Figure 10, the communication device 1000 in this embodiment can refer to the sensing transmitter in the method embodiment shown in Figures 4-6 above, or it can refer to the AP in the method embodiment shown in Figure 7 above. The communication device 1000 can be a communication device, a chip or functional module in the communication device. For ease of explanation, Figure 10 only shows the main components of the communication device, including: transceiver 1001, processor 1002 and memory 1003. The transceiver 1001, processor 1002 and memory 1003 communicate with each other through internal connection channels to transmit control and / or data signals. The memory 1003 is used to store instructions, and the processor 1002 is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 1003 to control the transceiver 1001 to send and receive signals. The memory 1003 can be configured in the processor 1002 or can be independent of the processor 1002.

[0403] It should be noted that Figure 10 illustrates the structure of the communication device of this application, but it is not intended to limit it. The communication device applied to this application may also include more or fewer components than the structure shown in Figure 10, and there is no specific limitation in this regard.

[0404] In implementation, each step of the above method embodiments can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor hardware or by instructions in software form. The processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this application can be directly implemented by a hardware encoding processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the encoding processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0405] The memory mentioned in the above embodiments can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0406] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0407] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0408] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0409] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0410] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0411] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0412] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A beamforming training method, characterized in that, Comprise: sending a first frame to a sensing responding end within a sensing availability window and before performing sensing measurement with the sensing responding end, the first frame being used to instruct the sensing responding end to perform beamforming training (BFT) within the sensing availability window; after receiving a second frame sent by the sensing responding end in response to the first frame, performing the BFT with the sensing responding end in a millimeter wave frequency band.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, Also comprise: sending a sensing measurement request frame to the sensing responding end, the sensing measurement request frame comprising a sensing measurement parameter element and a first BFT indication, wherein the sensing measurement parameter element is used to indicate configuration parameters of sensing measurement, and the first BFT indication is used to indicate whether the sensing responding end performs BFT within the sensing availability window.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first BFT indication comprises 2 bits, when the first BFT indication is configured as a first value, it is used to represent that BFT is not performed within the sensing availability window; or, when the first BFT indication is configured as a second value, it is used to represent that whether to perform BFT within the sensing availability window is determined according to the first frame; or, when the first BFT indication is configured as a third value, it is used to represent that BFT is performed within the sensing availability window.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first BFT indication comprises 2 bits, when the first BFT indication is configured as a first value, the sensing measurement request frame does not comprise a first BFT parameter element; Or, when the first BFT indication is configured as a second value or a third value, the sensing measurement request frame comprises the first BFT parameter element; wherein the first BFT parameter element is used to indicate configuration parameters when the sensing responding end performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first BFT indication comprises 1 bit, when the first BFT indication is configured as a fourth value, it is used to represent that BFT is not performed within the sensing availability window; or, when the first BFT indication is configured as a fifth value, it is used to represent that whether to perform BFT within the sensing availability window is determined according to the first frame.

6. The method according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that, The first BFT indication comprises 1 bit, when the first BFT indication is configured as a fourth value, the sensing measurement request frame does not comprise a first BFT parameter element; Or, when the first BFT indication is configured as a fifth value, the sensing measurement request frame comprises the first BFT parameter element; wherein the first BFT parameter element is used to indicate configuration parameters when the sensing responding end performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

7. The method according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that, The first BFT parameter element includes at least one of the following information: a device initiating the BFT, a mode of the BFT, a receiving beam training indication, a number of transmitting beams in the BFT, a number of receiving beams in the BFT, BFT feedback from a sensing response end to a sensing initiation end, BFT feedback from the sensing initiation end to the sensing response end, and BFT from the sensing response end to the sensing response end.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first frame includes a sensing polling trigger frame, and the sensing polling trigger frame includes a second BFT indication; when the second BFT indication is configured as a sixth value, it is used to indicate that the BFT is performed within the sensing availability window.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The second BFT indication is carried in a trigger dependent common information (Trigger Dependent Common Info) field of the sensing polling trigger frame.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first frame includes a first trigger frame.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The first trigger frame includes a basic trigger (Basic Trigger) frame, a buffer status report polling trigger (BSRP Trigger) frame, or a multi-user request to send trigger (MU-RTS Trigger) frame.

12. The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein, The second frame includes a clear to send to self (CTS-to-self) frame.

13. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein, The second frame includes a power save polling (PS-Poll) frame or a quality of service null (QoS Null) frame.

14. The method of any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The first frame is transmitted in a low frequency band, and the second frame is received in the low frequency band, and the low frequency band is lower than the millimeter wave frequency band.

15. A method of beamformed training, the method comprising: Comprise: Within a beamforming training window (beamforming training window), a first frame is transmitted to a sensing response end, the first frame is used to indicate whether the sensing response end performs beamforming training BFT within the beamforming training window, and the starting time of the beamforming training window is earlier than the starting time of the sensing availability window; After receiving a second frame transmitted by the sensing response end in response to the first frame, the BFT is performed with the sensing response end in a millimeter wave frequency band.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, Also comprise: A sensing measurement request frame is transmitted to the sensing response end, and the sensing measurement request frame includes a sensing measurement parameter element and a first BFT indication, wherein the sensing measurement parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameter of the sensing measurement, and the first BFT indication is used to indicate that the sensing response end performs BFT within the beamforming training window.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The first BFT indication includes 2 bits, when the first BFT indication is configured as a first value, it is used to indicate that the BFT is not performed within the beamforming training window; or, When the first BFT indication is configured as a second value, it is used to indicate that whether to perform the BFT within the beamforming training window is determined according to the first frame; or, When the first BFT indication is configured as a third value, it is used to indicate that the BFT is performed within the beamforming training window.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, The first BFT indication includes 2 bits, when the first BFT indication is configured as a first value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include beamforming training window information and a first BFT parameter element; Or, When the first BFT indication is configured as a second value or a third value, the sensing measurement request frame includes the beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; Wherein, the beamforming training window information is used to allocate the beamforming training window to the sensing response end, the first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameter when the sensing response end performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein, The first BFT indication includes 1 bit, when the first BFT indication is configured as a fourth value, it is used to represent that no BFT is performed in the beamforming training window; or, When the first BFT indication is configured as a fifth value, it is used to represent that whether to perform BFT in the beamforming training window is determined according to the first frame.

20. The method of claim 16 or 19, wherein, The first BFT indication includes 1 bit, when the first BFT indication is configured as a fourth value, the sensing measurement request frame does not include beamforming training window information and a first BFT parameter element; Or, When the first BFT indication is configured as a fifth value, the sensing measurement request frame includes the beamforming training window information and the first BFT parameter element; Wherein, the beamforming training window information is used to allocate the beamforming training window to the sensing response end, the first BFT parameter element is used to indicate the configuration parameter when the sensing response end performs the BFT, and the first BFT parameter element is determined based on the sensing measurement parameter element.

21. The method of claim 18 or 20, wherein, The beamforming training window information is carried in a beamforming training window element, the beamforming training window element is carried in the sensing measurement request frame; the beamforming training window element includes a beamforming training window field, the beamforming training window field includes at least one beamforming training window indication information corresponding to at least one beamforming training window, one beamforming training window indication information includes the starting time, the duration and the period of the beamforming training window.

22. The method of claim 18 or 20, wherein, The beamforming training window information is carried in a beamforming training availability information field, the beamforming training availability information field is carried in a response station RSTA availability window element of the sensing measurement request frame.

23. The method of claim 18 or 20, wherein, The beamforming training window information is carried in a beamforming training indication, the beamforming training indication is carried in an RSTA availability information (RSTA Availability Information) field of an RSTA availability window element of the sensing measurement request frame; when the beamforming training indication is configured as a sixth value, it is used to indicate that the configured window is used for BFT; when the beamforming training indication is configured as a seventh value, it is used to indicate that the configured window is used for sensing measurement.

24. The method of claim 18 or 20, wherein, The first BFT parameter element includes at least one of the following information: a device initiating the BFT, a mode of the BFT, a receive beam training indication, a number of transmit beams in the BFT, a number of receive beams in the BFT, BFT feedback from a sensing response end to a sensing initiation end, BFT feedback from a sensing initiation end to a sensing response end, and BFT from a sensing response end to a sensing response end.

25. The method of any one of claims 15-24, wherein, The first frame includes a first trigger frame; The first trigger frame includes a second BFT indication; when the second BFT indication is configured as an eighth value, it is used to indicate that no BFT is performed in the beamforming training window; or, when the second BFT indication is configured as a ninth value, it is used to indicate that BFT is performed in the beamforming training window.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein, The second BFT indication is carried in any one of the reserved fields of the common information (Common Info) field of the first trigger frame; or, the second BFT indication is carried in the more trigger frame (More TF) field of the common information field of the first trigger frame.

27. The method of claim 25 or 26, wherein, When the first trigger frame includes a beamforming report polling trigger (BFRP Trigger) frame, and the second BFT indication is configured as the ninth value, all bits of a feedback segment retransmission bitmap (Feedback Segment Retransmission Bitmap) field of the BFRP Trigger frame are configured as 0.

28. The method of any one of claims 25-27, wherein, The first trigger frame includes a basic trigger (Basic Trigger) frame, a buffer status report polling trigger (BSRP Trigger) frame, or a multi-user request to send trigger (MU-RTS Trigger) frame.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein, The second frame includes a power save polling (PS-Poll) frame or a quality of service null (QoS Null) frame.

30. The method of any one of claims 15-29, wherein, The first frame is transmitted in a low frequency band, and the second frame is received in the low frequency band, the low frequency band being lower than the millimeter wave frequency band.

31. A method of beamformed training, the method comprising: Comprise: broadcast a beacon through a first link, the beacon being used to indicate a first target wake time TWT and a second TWT for performing beamforming training BFT on a second link, the first TWT corresponding to the first link, the second TWT corresponding to the second link, a frequency band of the second link being higher than a frequency band of the first link; based on the first TWT and the second TWT, performing the BFT with a sensing responding end.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein, the beacon comprises one or more TWT elements, any one of the TWT elements being used to indicate configuration parameters of at least one TWT, a BFT indication being included in a Control field of any one of the TWT elements, the BFT indication being configured as a first value to indicate that the BFT is performed within the at least one TWT indicated by the TWT element.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein, when the beacon comprises a first TWT element, a TWT Parameter Information field of the first TWT element comprises a broadcast TWT identifier and a link identifier, the broadcast TWT identifier being used to indicate an identifier of the first TWT, the link identifier being used to indicate an identifier of the second link on which the BFT is performed.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein, when the BFT indication is configured as a second value, the link identifier is not included in the TWT Parameter Information field of the first TWT element.

35. The method of claim 33 or 34, wherein, an Aligned field is included in a Request Type field of the TWT Parameter Information field of the first TWT element, the Aligned field being configured as a third value to indicate that the second TWT is aligned with the first TWT.

36. The method of claim 33 or 34, wherein, an identical field is included in the Request Type field of the TWT Parameter Information field of the first TWT element, the identical field being configured as a fourth value to indicate that the second TWT is identical to the first TWT.

37. The method of claim 32, wherein, when the beacon comprises a second TWT element and a third TWT element, a first broadcast TWT identifier is included in a TWT Parameter Information field of the second TWT element, the first broadcast TWT identifier being used to indicate an identifier of the first TWT, a second broadcast TWT identifier, an association TWT identifier and a link identifier are included in a TWT Parameter Information field of the third TWT element, the second broadcast TWT identifier being used to indicate an identifier of the second TWT, the association TWT identifier being used to indicate an identifier of the first TWT, the link identifier being used to indicate an identifier of the second link on which the BFT is performed.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein, a Broadcast TWT Recommendation is included in the Request Type field of the TWT Parameter Information field of the second TWT element, the Broadcast TWT Recommendation being configured as a fifth value to indicate that a frame related to the BFT is transmitted within the first TWT; The request type field in the TWT parameter information field of the third TWT element includes a broadcast TWT proposal; when the broadcast TWT proposal is configured as a sixth value, it is used to indicate that a frame related to the BFT is transmitted within the second TWT.

39. A communications device, characterized by Comprising: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more programs; when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, so that the one or more processors implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-38.

40. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising: comprising a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-38.

41. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product comprises computer program code, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-38.

42. A chip, comprising: Comprising: a processor and an interface circuit; wherein, the processor is configured to execute the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-38, and transmit or receive data, instructions or information through the interface circuit.

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