Antenna and terminal device

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna and a terminal device. The antenna comprises a feeding structure, a radiator, and a first device. The radiator comprises a first branch, an intermediate branch, and a second branch which are arranged in sequence. A first micro-slit is formed between the first branch and the intermediate branch, a second micro-slit is formed between the second branch and the intermediate branch, and the widths of the first and second micro-slits are both less than or equal to 0.3 mm. The distance between the midpoint of the intermediate branch and the midpoint of the radiator is less than or equal to 20% of the length of the radiator. The feeding structure excites the radiator to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, and the first device is arranged on the intermediate branch and is associated with a first resonance point frequency of the first resonance. The present application can improve the perceived quality and user experience of terminal devices, ensure improved antenna performance, and meet the communication requirements of terminal devices.

Description

Antenna and terminal device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410992373.5, filed on July 22, 2024, entitled "Antenna and terminal device", the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, in particular to an antenna and a terminal device. BACKGROUND

[0003] In order to improve the quality and use experience of the terminal device, the frame of the terminal device is often designed as a metal frame, and a slit and an antenna need to be arranged on the frame of the terminal device to meet the communication requirements of the terminal device. The metal frame antenna is the main form of the terminal antenna. In order to ensure performance, a break structure is generally used at present, and the slit width is relatively large, for example, the slit width is usually about 0.9 mm. Such slit design, due to the relatively large slit width, will affect the overall appearance quality and use experience of the terminal device.

[0004] Therefore, designing an antenna with a micro-slit structure can improve the quality and use experience of the terminal device, and can ensure the improvement of the performance of the antenna to meet the communication requirements of the terminal device, which is an important direction for business research and development. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an antenna and a terminal device, which can improve the quality and use experience of the terminal device, and can ensure the improvement of the performance of the antenna to meet the communication requirements of the terminal device.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, the antenna comprising a feeding structure, a radiator and a first device, the radiator comprising a first branch, an intermediate branch and a second branch arranged in sequence, a first micro-gap being formed between the first branch and the intermediate branch, a second micro-gap being formed between the intermediate branch and the second branch, an end of the first branch away from the first micro-gap being a first grounding point, an end of the second branch away from the second micro-gap being a second grounding point, a minimum distance between the first branch and the intermediate branch being a width of the first micro-gap, a minimum distance between the intermediate branch and the second branch being a width of the second micro-gap, the width of the first micro-gap and the width of the second micro-gap both being less than or equal to 0.3 mm, a distance between a midpoint of the intermediate branch and a midpoint of the radiator being less than or equal to 20% of a length of the radiator; the feeding structure being electrically connected to the first branch and used to excite the radiator to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, a first resonance point frequency of the first resonance being higher than a second resonance point frequency of the second resonance; the first device being arranged on the intermediate branch, the first device being related to the first resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0007] The first branch, the intermediate branch and the second branch are arranged in sequence on a frame of a terminal device, the width of the first micro-gap is a size of the first micro-gap in an extension direction of the frame, and the width of the second micro-gap is a size of the second micro-gap in the extension direction of the frame. This scheme can improve the appearance quality and experience of the terminal device by arranging the intermediate branch and the first and second micro-gaps and by restricting the widths of the first and second micro-gaps. In order to improve the performance of the antenna while improving the appearance quality and experience of the terminal device, the present application arranges the first device on the intermediate branch, the first device being related to the first resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and the adjustment of the parameters of the first device can also adjust the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance. An embodiment of the present application restricts the distance between the midpoint of the intermediate branch and the midpoint of the radiator to be less than or equal to 20% of the length of the radiator, so that the arrangement of the first device can affect the first resonance point frequency difference of the first resonance. By arranging the first device, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance can be within a certain range, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be widened. The arrangement of the first device can lower the first resonance without affecting the second resonance, so that the first resonance and the second resonance can be within the same frequency band range, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be widened.

[0008] In a possible implementation, a physical length of the first branch is L1, a physical length of the second branch is L2, and L1*60%<=L2<=L1 or L2*60%<=L1<=L2. The length difference between the first branch and the second branch is 40% of the length of the first branch. Such a design is beneficial to achieving a distance between the midpoint of the intermediate branch and the midpoint of the radiator that is less than or equal to the length of the radiator, and is beneficial to adjusting the electrical lengths of the radiators on the two sides of the intermediate branch to be the same, so that the first device arranged on the intermediate branch can lower the frequency of the first resonance but does not substantially affect the frequency of the second resonance, and therefore the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is adjusted to a suitable range, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is expanded.

[0009] In a possible implementation, L1*80%<=L2<=L1 or L2*80%<=L1<=L2. This scheme is beneficial to ensuring the radiation efficiency of the antenna at the first resonance and the second resonance, and providing a better radiation pattern.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the first device is an adjustable device. The parameters of the first device can be adjusted, which is beneficial to adjusting the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance, so that the bandwidth of the antenna meets the radiation requirement.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the first device is connected to the intermediate branch through a switch. By setting the switch or switching the connection relationship between the first device and the intermediate branch, this scheme is beneficial to adjusting the resonance of the antenna, so that the resonance of the antenna matches the radiation efficiency of a specific antenna system.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the first device includes a capacitor structure, one end of the capacitor structure is connected to the intermediate branch, and the other end of the capacitor structure is grounded. This scheme provides a specific structure of the first device as a capacitor, and the resonance of the antenna is tuned by setting the capacitor to match the intermediate branch, which has the advantages of easy design and convenient tuning.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the capacitance value of the capacitor structure ranges from 0.3 pF to 2 pF (inclusive). This scheme provides a specific parameter range and capacitance value of the capacitor structure, and can make the antenna meet a specific radiation requirement.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the antenna further includes a tuning switch, which is electrically connected between the second branch and the ground. The tuning switch is used to tune the resonance generated by the second branch, so that the resonance range of the antenna is more flexible.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the second branch includes a switch connection position, the switch connection position is a position where the tuning switch is connected to the second branch, and a distance between the switch connection position and the second micro slit is less than a distance between the switch connection position and the second ground point. This scheme makes the position where the tuning switch is connected closer to the second micro slit by constraining the distance between the switch connection position and the second micro slit, and the second micro slit can be located in a region where the electric field of the antenna is relatively strong. The closer the tuning switch is to the region where the electric field is relatively strong, the more obvious the adjustment effect is.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the tuning switch includes a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit, and the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit are connected in parallel between the second branch and the ground. This scheme can achieve a more flexible tuning scheme by constraining the adjustment shape to include two switch circuits connected in parallel.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the intermediate branch is provided with a third micro slit, the third micro slit is located between the first micro slit and the second micro slit, a width of the third micro slit is less than or equal to 0.3 mm, the intermediate branch includes a first segment and a second segment provided on two sides of the third slit, and the first device is electrically connected to the first segment and / or the second segment.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the first micro slit, the third micro slit, and the third micro slit are parallel to each other.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the length direction of the first micro slit, the third micro slit, and the third micro slit is consistent with the width direction of the intermediate branch, the length direction of the intermediate branch is a direction in which the first branch extends to the second branch, the width direction of the intermediate branch is perpendicular to the length direction of the intermediate branch, and the width direction of the first micro slit, the third micro slit, and the third micro slit is consistent with the length direction of the intermediate branch.

[0020] In an embodiment, an included angle is formed between the length direction of the first micro slit, the third micro slit, and the third micro slit and the width direction of the intermediate branch.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the intermediate branch is a one-piece sheet structure, a length of the intermediate branch ranges from greater than or equal to 1 mm to less than or equal to 5 mm, and the length direction of the intermediate branch and the width direction of the two micro slits are both directions of a perpendicular line between one end of the first branch toward the second branch and one end of the second branch toward the first branch. This scheme constrains the intermediate branch to be a one-piece sheet structure, balances the size relationship and proportion among the first micro slit, the second micro slit, and the intermediate branch, and is beneficial to improving the radiation performance of the radiator and ensuring the structural stability of the micro slit structure as a whole.

[0022] In a possible implementation, a length of the intermediate branch is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm and less than or equal to 3.5 mm. The scheme limits the physical size range of the intermediate branch, and when the feed structure feeds the intermediate branch, the size of the intermediate branch is conducive to the implementation that the intermediate branch is excited to resonate alone, and the performance of the antenna can be improved.

[0023] In a possible implementation, a thickness of the intermediate branch is less than a thickness of the first branch and less than a thickness of the second branch. The embodiment of the present application can adjust the coupling capacitance between the first branch and the second branch by designing the thickness of the intermediate branch and the thicknesses of the first branch and the second branch to be different, and is conducive to adjusting the signal coupling between the first branch and the second branch, and is conducive to improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0024] In a possible implementation,

[0025] wherein,

[0026] t0 is the thickness of the first branch and the thickness of the second branch, or an average of the thickness of the first branch and the thickness of the second branch;

[0027] t is the thickness of the intermediate branch, or an average of the thickness of the intermediate branch;

[0028] A vertical distance between one end of the first branch facing the second branch and one end of the second branch facing the first branch is g, a width of the first micro gap is W1, and a width of the second micro gap is W2. The scheme limits the relationship between the above parameters, satisfies the above relationship, and is conducive to improving the radiation efficiency of the radiator.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the intermediate branch includes an inner branch surface and an outer branch surface oppositely arranged in a thickness direction, the first branch includes a first side edge facing the second branch, the second branch includes a second side edge facing the first branch, the first side edge, the inner branch surface, and the second side edge jointly enclose an insulation region, a length dimension of the insulation region is an extension dimension in an extension path of the first branch, the length dimension of the insulation region includes a plurality of different length dimensions, and each of the plurality of different length dimensions is greater than a minimum distance between the first branch and the second branch in the extension path of the first branch. The scheme forms the insulation region by hollowing out the inner side of the intermediate branch, is conducive to reducing the facing area of the first branch and the second branch, and is conducive to adjusting the radiation efficiency of the radiator.

[0030] In a possible implementation, a frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance ranges from greater than or equal to 5% of the first resonant point frequency to less than or equal to 20% of the first resonant point frequency.

[0031] In a possible implementation, a current reverse region of the radiator in the first resonant mode is located on the intermediate branch.

[0032] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, which includes a radiator, a first feeding structure, and a second feeding structure. The radiator includes a first branch and an intermediate branch. The intermediate branch is arranged on an extension path of the first branch, and a first micro gap is formed between the first branch and the intermediate branch. An end of the first branch away from the first micro gap is a first grounding point. A minimum distance between the first branch and the intermediate branch is a width of the first micro gap. The width of the first micro gap is less than or equal to 0.3 mm. An end of the intermediate branch away from the first micro gap is an open end. A length of the intermediate branch is less than 50% of a length of the first branch. The length of the intermediate branch is a size of the intermediate branch extending on the extension path of the first branch. The first feeding structure is electrically connected to the first branch to excite the radiator to generate a first resonance. The second feeding structure is electrically connected to the intermediate branch to excite the radiator to generate a second resonance. In an embodiment of the present application, by constraining the relationship between the physical length of the intermediate branch and the first branch, it can be deduced that the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance can satisfy that one is high frequency and the other is low frequency. The two resonant modes of the first resonance and the second resonance do not affect each other and do not need to be isolated.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the length of the intermediate branch ranges from greater than or equal to 1 mm to less than or equal to 5 mm. This scheme constrains the length range of the intermediate branch, so that the antenna can meet the required radiation conditions and radiation efficiency.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the length of the intermediate branch ranges from greater than or equal to 1.5 mm to less than or equal to 3.5 mm. This scheme constrains the length range of the intermediate branch, so that the antenna can meet the required radiation conditions and radiation efficiency.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the size of the first branch ranges from greater than or equal to 10 mm to less than or equal to 25 mm. This scheme constrains the length range of the first branch, so that the antenna can meet the required radiation conditions and radiation efficiency.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the frequency range of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 5G and less than or equal to 10G, and the frequency range of the first resonance is less than or equal to 3G. This scheme restricts the frequency ranges of the second resonance and the first resonance, so that the antenna can generate two different resonance ranges, realizing a dual-frequency antenna design.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the second feeding structure excites the intermediate branch, the intermediate branch couples the first branch and generates a third resonance, a third resonance point frequency of the third resonance and a second resonance point frequency of the second resonance differ by less than 15% of an operating point frequency of the second resonance, and the frequency range of the second resonance includes 5G. This scheme restricts the relationship between the third resonance and the second resonance, so that the antenna can have good radiation efficiency in different resonance frequency bands.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the third resonance is generated by coupling of the intermediate branch and the first branch, which can widen the 5G frequency bandwidth, for example, the second resonance includes 5G and the third resonance includes 5.6G. This scheme restricts the third resonance generated by coupling of the first branch and the intermediate branch, which is beneficial to widening the frequency bandwidth of the antenna, and the third resonance and the second resonance are in the same bandwidth range.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the frequency range of the second resonance includes 7.5G. This scheme restricts the frequency range of the second resonance, which is beneficial to realizing that the intermediate branch is excited to generate the second resonance alone and has a good radiation pattern.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the radiator further includes a second branch, the second branch is located at an end of the intermediate branch away from the first branch, a second micro gap is formed between the second branch and the intermediate branch, an end of the first branch away from the first micro gap is a first grounding point, an end of the second branch away from the second micro gap is a second grounding point, a width of the second micro gap is less than or equal to 0.3 mm, and a minimum distance between the intermediate branch and the second branch is the width of the second micro gap. The antenna further includes a third feeding structure electrically connected to the second branch, for generating a fourth resonance. This scheme restricts that the third feeding structure excites the second branch to generate the fourth resonance, so that the resonance of the antenna is expanded and the radiation range of the antenna is improved.

[0041] In an embodiment, the first resonance frequency range includes WIFI 2.4G, the second resonance includes a resonance range of a WIFI 5G antenna, and the fourth resonance includes a resonance range of a GPS L1 antenna.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the antenna further includes a second device, which is electrically connected between the second branch and the ground, and is configured to tune the fourth resonance. This scheme can tune the fourth resonance by arranging the second device on the second branch, and thus facilitates improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0043] In a possible implementation, the first micro-gap, the intermediate branch and the second micro-gap form a micro-gap structure, the first branch and the first feeding structure form a first antenna, the second branch and the third feeding structure form a second antenna, the micro-gap structure is an open end of the first antenna, and the micro-gap structure is an open end of the second antenna.

[0044] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, which includes a frame and the antenna provided in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect, and the radiator of the antenna is located on the frame, and the first micro-gap and the second micro-gap are insulating gaps on the frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG. 8B is a simulation curve diagram of a frame structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application in an LB (low frequency) resonance mode;

[0054] FIG. 8C is a simulation curve diagram of a frame structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application in an MB (medium frequency) resonance mode;

[0055] FIG. 8D is a simulation curve diagram of the frame structure of the terminal device in an HB (high band) resonant mode according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIGS. 17A, 17B and 17C are schematic diagrams of antennas in three different embodiments according to the present application;

[0065] FIG. 18 is a comparison diagram of S11 curves of antennas according to embodiments of the present application;

[0066] FIG. 19 is a diagram of radiation efficiency and system efficiency curves of antennas according to embodiments of the present application;

[0067] FIG. 20 is a diagram of S11 curves of an antenna without a first device, a first slot and a second slot at different width sizes;

[0068] FIG. 21 is a diagram of S11 curves of an antenna with a first device on an intermediate branch, a first slot and a second slot at different width sizes according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG. 22 is a diagram of radiation efficiency and system efficiency curves of an antenna without a first device, a first slot and a second slot at different width sizes;

[0070] FIG. 23 is a diagram of radiation efficiency and system efficiency curves of an antenna with a first device on an intermediate branch, a first slot and a second slot at different width sizes according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG. 27 is a comparison chart of S11 curves of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] FIG. 28 is a chart of radiation efficiency and system efficiency curves of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] Explanation of Particular Terms

[0077] Radiator (or antenna element): is a device in an antenna for receiving / sending electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, "antenna" is understood in a narrow sense as a radiator (or antenna element), which changes guided wave energy from a transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator (or antenna element) through a feed line, which is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization through the radiator (or antenna element), and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator (or antenna element) converts electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a certain direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is delivered to the input end of the receiver through the feed line.

[0078] The radiator (or antenna branch) can include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a wire shape, or a patch shape, etc. The present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the wire shape radiator (or antenna branch) can be referred to as a wire antenna. In one embodiment, the wire shape radiator can be implemented by a conductive frame, which can also be referred to as a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the wire shape radiator (or antenna branch) can be implemented by a support conductor, which can also be referred to as a support antenna. In one embodiment, the wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) of the wire shape radiator, or the radiator of the wire antenna, is much smaller (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength) than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength), and the length can be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the length is around 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of the wire antenna include a dipole antenna, a half-wave vibrator antenna, a monopole antenna, a loop antenna, an inverted F antenna (also referred to as IFA), and a planar inverted F antenna (also referred to as PIFA). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna generally includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feed from the feed end of the radiating branch. For example, the inverted F antenna can be obtained by adding a ground path to a monopole antenna. The IFA antenna has a feed point and a ground point, and is called an inverted F antenna because its side view is in the shape of an inverted F. In one embodiment, the patch shape radiator (or antenna branch) can include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna. In one embodiment, the patch shape radiator (or antenna branch) can be implemented by a planar conductor (e.g., a conductive patch or a conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the patch shape radiator (or antenna branch) can include a conductive patch, such as a copper patch, etc. In one embodiment, the patch shape radiator (or antenna branch) can include a conductive coating, such as silver paste, etc. The shape of the patch shape radiator includes a circular shape, a rectangular shape, a ring shape, etc. The structure of the microstrip antenna generally includes a dielectric substrate, a radiator (or antenna branch), and a ground plate, wherein the dielectric substrate is arranged between the radiator (or antenna branch) and the ground plate.

[0079] The radiators (or antenna elements) can also include slots or gaps formed on the conductors, e.g., closed or semi-closed slots or gaps formed on the grounded conductor plane. In one embodiment, the slotted or gapped radiators can be referred to as slot antennas or gap antennas. In one embodiment, the slots or gaps of the slot antennas / gap antennas have a radial dimension (e.g., including width) much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and a length dimension comparable to the wavelength (e.g., dielectric wavelength) (e.g., around 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, the radiators with closed slots or gaps can be referred to as closed slot antennas. In one embodiment, the radiators with semi-closed slots or gaps (e.g., with openings added to the closed slots or gaps) can be referred to as open slot antennas. In some embodiments, the gap shape is long strip-shaped. In some embodiments, the length of the gap is about half of the wavelength (e.g., dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the length of the gap is about an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the gap can be fed by a transmission line across one or both of its sides, whereby the gap is excited with radio frequency electromagnetic field and radiates electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiators of the slot antennas or gap antennas can be implemented by conductive frames grounded at both ends, which can also be referred to as frame antennas; in this embodiment, it can be considered that the slot antennas or gap antennas include linear radiators spaced apart from the ground plane and grounded at both ends of the radiators, thereby forming closed or semi-closed slots or gaps. In one embodiment, the radiators of the slot antennas or gap antennas can be implemented by bracket conductors grounded at both ends, which can also be referred to as bracket antennas.

[0080] Ground / Ground Plate: can refer to at least a portion of any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer, or any combination of the above, in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), and can be used for grounding of components in the electronic device. In one embodiment, the ground / Ground Plate can include any one or more of the following: a ground layer of a circuit board of the electronic device, a ground plate formed by a middle frame of the electronic device, a ground metal layer formed by a metal film under the screen, a conductive ground layer of a battery, and a conductive or metal member electrically connected to the above ground layer / ground plate / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14 layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or elements separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a trace layer, and the trace layer and the ground layer are electrically connected by a via. In one embodiment, components such as the display 120, touch screen, input button, transmitter, processor, memory, battery 140, charging circuit, SoC (system on chip) structure, etc. can be mounted on or connected to the circuit board; or electrically connected to the trace layer and / or the ground layer in the circuit board. For example, the radio frequency source is disposed on the trace layer.

[0081] The above ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer is made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any one of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin-plated copper, graphite powder impregnated cloth, graphite coated substrate, copper plated substrate, brass plated substrate, and aluminum plated substrate. Those skilled in the art can understand that the ground layer / ground plate / ground metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0082] Grounding: refers to coupling with the above ground / Ground Plate through a grounding structure and / or a grounding circuit. In one embodiment, the grounding can be physical grounding, such as physical grounding (or referred to as physical ground) at a specific position on the bezel through a part of the structure of the middle frame. In one embodiment, the grounding can be device grounding, such as device grounding (or referred to as device ground) through capacitors / inductors / resistors in series or parallel.

[0083] Resonance / resonance frequency: Resonance frequency is also called resonance frequency. Resonance frequency can have a frequency range, i.e. a frequency range in which resonance occurs. Resonance frequency can be a frequency range in which return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the first resonance mentioned in the antenna / radiator "produces the first resonance" in this application should be the fundamental mode resonance produced by the antenna / radiator, or the lowest frequency resonance produced by the antenna / radiator in a certain antenna mode. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can produce one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to a fundamental mode resonance.

[0084] Resonance frequency band: The range of resonance frequency is the resonance frequency band, and the return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonance frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0085] Communication frequency band / working frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always works in a certain frequency range (bandwidth), for example, an antenna supporting B40 frequency band, its working frequency band includes the frequency in the range of 2300MHz-2400MHz, or the working frequency band of the antenna includes B40 frequency band, and the frequency range meeting the index requirements can be regarded as the working frequency band of the antenna.

[0086] The resonance frequency band and the working frequency band can be the same or different, or the frequency range thereof can partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonance frequency bands of an antenna can cover one or more working frequency bands of the antenna.

[0087] Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0088] Wherein, L is the physical length, and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0089] Wavelength: or working wavelength, which can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonance frequency or the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonance frequency includes any frequency in the range of 1920MHz to 1980MHz) includes 1955MHz, the working wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, the "working wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonance frequency or the working frequency band.

[0090] It should be understood that the wavelength (working wavelength) can be understood as the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium, for example, the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave produced by the radiator in the medium and the wavelength in the vacuum satisfy the following formula:

[0091] wherein, le is the wavelength of electromagnetic wave in the medium, lc is the wavelength of electromagnetic wave in vacuum, and er is the relative dielectric constant of the medium in the medium layer. The wavelength in an embodiment of the present application generally refers to the medium wavelength, which can be the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonance frequency, or the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (the resonance frequency includes any frequency in the range of 1920MHz to 1980MHz) includes 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the medium wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, the "medium wavelength" can also refer to the medium wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonance frequency or the working frequency band. The medium wavelength can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one side or multiple sides of the radiator.

[0092] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in the line structure through the entity line of PCB copper foil or wire that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through space / without contact. In an embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, the equivalent capacitor formed by the coupling between the gap between the two conductive parts to realize signal transmission.

[0093] Ground structure / feeding structure, the ground structure / feeding structure can include a connecting piece, such as a metal spring, the radiator is coupled to the floor through the ground structure / the feeding structure is coupled to the feeding circuit. In some embodiments, the feeding structure can include a transmission line / feeding line, and the ground structure can include a ground line.

[0094] Feeding line, also known as transmission line, refers to the connection line between the transceiver of the antenna and the radiator. Transmission lines can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves with different frequencies and forms. The connection between the radiator and the transmission line is usually called the feeding point. Transmission lines include wire transmission lines, coaxial transmission lines, waveguides, or microstrip lines, etc. Transmission lines can include support antenna bodies or glass antenna bodies according to different implementation forms. Transmission lines can be implemented by LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer), FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit), or PCB according to different carriers.

[0095] End / point: the "end / point" of the first end / second end / feed end / ground end / feed point / ground point / connection point of the antenna radiator, which cannot be understood as a point or end physically disconnected from other radiators, but can also be considered as a point or section on a continuous radiator. In an embodiment, the "end / point" can include a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures, for example, the feed end / feed point can be a coupling area (for example, an area facing a part of the feed structure) on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a feed structure, and for another example, the ground end / ground point can be a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a ground structure.

[0096] Open end, closed end: in some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to whether the ground, the closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductive bodies, the closed end is electrically connected to other conductive bodies, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductive bodies. In an embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a suspended end, a free end, an open end, or an open circuit end. In an embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductive bodies can be coupled to the open end to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0097] In some embodiments, the understanding of the "closed end" can also be from the perspective of the current distribution, and the closed end or the grounded end, etc. can be understood as a current large point on the radiator, or a small point of the electric field on the radiator; in an embodiment, coupling electronic devices (such as capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end can not change the current distribution characteristics of the current large point / small point of the electric field; in an embodiment, opening a slit (for example, a gap filled with insulating material) at or near the closed end can not change the current distribution characteristics of the current large point / small point of the electric field.

[0098] In some embodiments, the understanding of the "open end" can also be from the perspective of the current distribution, and the open end or the suspended end, etc. can be understood as a current small point on the radiator, or a large point of the electric field on the radiator; in an embodiment, coupling electronic devices (such as capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can not change the current distribution characteristics of the current small point / large point of the electric field.

[0099] It should be understood that the radiator end at a gap (similar to the open end or the suspended end of the opening of the radiator from the structure of the radiator) coupled to electronic devices (such as capacitors, inductors, etc.) can make the radiator end a current large point / small point of the electric field, and in this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0100] The current co-directional / counter-directional distribution mentioned in an embodiment of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the same side of the conductor being co-directional / counter-directional. For example, when co-directional distribution current is excited on a conductor in a meandering shape or a ring shape (for example, the current path is also meandering or ring-shaped), it should be understood that, for example, the main current excited on the conductors on both sides of a ring-shaped conductor (for example, the conductors around a gap, on both sides of the gap) is counter-directional in terms of direction, but still belongs to the definition of co-directional distribution current in the present application. In an embodiment, co-directional current on a conductor can mean that the current on the conductor has no reversal point. In an embodiment, counter-directional current on a conductor can mean that the current on the conductor has at least one reversal point. In an embodiment, co-directional current on two conductors can mean that the currents on the two conductors have no reversal point and flow in the same direction. In an embodiment, counter-directional current on two conductors can mean that the currents on the two conductors have no reversal point and flow in opposite directions. Co-directional / counter-directional current on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0101] The intermediate or intermediate position and the like mentioned in an embodiment of the present application are all ranges. For example, the intermediate (position) of the conductor can be a conductor portion including a midpoint on the conductor, for example, the intermediate (position) of the conductor can be a conductor portion on the conductor with a distance of less than a predetermined threshold (for example, 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint.

[0102] Total efficiency of the antenna system: refers to the ratio of the input power to the output power at the port of the antenna.

[0103] Radiation efficiency of the antenna: refers to the ratio of the power radiated into space (i.e., the power of the portion effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. The active power input to the antenna = input power of the antenna - loss power; the loss power mainly includes the return loss power and the ohmic loss power of the metal and / or the dielectric loss power. The radiation efficiency is a value for measuring the radiation capability of the antenna, and the metal loss and the dielectric loss are both factors affecting the radiation efficiency.

[0104] As can be understood by those skilled in the art, efficiency is generally expressed in percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between efficiency and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna is represented.

[0105] Antenna return loss: can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the antenna port transmitting power. The smaller the signal reflected back, the greater the signal radiated through the antenna to the space, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The greater the signal reflected back, the smaller the signal radiated through the antenna to the space, and the smaller the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0106] The antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which belongs to the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter can represent the advantages and disadvantages of the antenna transmission efficiency. S11 parameter is usually negative, the smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, that is, the more the actual energy entering the antenna, and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna; the larger the S11 parameter, the larger the antenna return loss, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna. It should be noted that in engineering, the S11 value of-6dB is generally used as a standard, and when the S11 value of the antenna is less than-6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is better.

[0107] Parallel: the parallel defined in the present application is not limited to absolute parallel, the definition of this parallel can be understood as substantially parallel, allowing not absolute parallel caused by factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and structure flatness, allowing a small angle range of error, for example, within the assembly error range of 10 degrees, which can be understood as a parallel relationship.

[0108] Vertical: the vertical defined in the present application is not limited to the relationship of absolute vertical intersection (included angle of 90 degrees), allowing not absolute vertical intersection caused by factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and structure flatness, allowing a small angle range of error, for example, within the assembly error range of 80 degrees to 100 degrees, which can be understood as a vertical relationship.

[0109] The terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0110] The possible embodiments of the present application will be described below in combination with the drawings of the possible embodiments of the present application.

[0111] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 1, in an embodiment, the terminal device 100 is a mobile phone, and the terminal device 100 is a flat panel device. The terminal device 100 includes a display screen 101 and a frame 102. The display screen 101 is configured to display images, videos, and the like. The display screen 101 can be integrated with a touch function. The frame 102 is arranged around the edge of the display screen 101. The display screen 101 and a back cover of the terminal device 100 are arranged oppositely. In an embodiment, the frame 102 and the back cover can be independent structural members, and the frame 102 is connected between the display screen 101 and the back cover. In an embodiment, the frame 102 and the back cover can be integrated into a one-piece structure. The terminal device 100 includes an antenna 20 and a radio frequency chip 30. The part in the rectangular dashed line in FIG. 1 schematically represents at least part of the antenna 20. The antenna 20 includes a radiator 21 and a feeding structure 22. The radiator 21 of the antenna is arranged on the frame 102. In an embodiment, the radiator 21 includes a first branch 211 and a micro-slot structure 212. The micro-slot structure 212 can be arranged at the open end of the first branch 211 and participates in the radiation of the antenna 20. The frame 102 includes an inner surface and an outer surface arranged oppositely. The inner surface faces the internal space of the terminal device, and the outer surface is the appearance surface of the terminal device. The feeding structure 22 of the antenna 20 is located on one side of the inner surface of the frame 102 and is connected to the radiator 21.

[0112] The feeding structure is configured to receive a feed. In an embodiment, the feeding structure 22 is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip 30. The radio frequency chip 30 sends an electrical signal to the feeding structure 22, and the electrical signal is transmitted to the radiator 21 through the feeding structure 22. In an embodiment, the feeding structure 22 can be electrically connected to a feeding circuit on a circuit board in the terminal device through a metal spring or a radio frequency wire. The feeding circuit is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip and is configured to receive a radio frequency signal. In an embodiment, the feeding circuit can include a matching circuit, a tuning circuit, and the like. In an embodiment, the feeding structure 22 can be provided with devices, switches, and the like to achieve feed matching.

[0113] In an embodiment, the micro-slot structure 212 on the frame 102 includes at least two micro-slots arranged at intervals and a branch arranged between the micro-slots. The position of the micro-slot on the frame 102 is filled with an insulating material, and the part of the frame 102 other than the slot is a conductive material, for example, the part of the frame 102 other than the slot is a metal material. In the embodiments provided in the present application, the width of each micro-slot in the micro-slot structure 212 is less than or equal to 0.3 mm. By limiting the width of the micro-slot, the outer surface of the frame 102 as a whole does not have obvious wider slots, for example, can present an integrated metal texture. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application is beneficial to improve the appearance quality and experience of the terminal device.

[0114] In an embodiment, the back cover can also be made of a full conductive material, for example, the back cover can also be made of a metal material. In an embodiment, the back cover can include a non-conductive material, for example, glass, glass fiber plate or ceramic. In an embodiment, part of the back cover is made of a non-conductive material, and part of the back cover is made of a conductive material.

[0115] In an embodiment, multiple antennas 20 can be arranged on the frame 102, for example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the part of the frame 102 near the top of the terminal device and the part of the frame 102 near the bottom of the terminal device can each be provided with an antenna 20.

[0116] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment, the terminal device 100 is a foldable device, for example, a foldable mobile phone. The display screen 101 of the terminal device 100 is a flexible display screen. In an embodiment, the frame 102 of the terminal device 100 is provided with a radiator 21 of an antenna 20. In an embodiment, the radiator 21 includes a first branch 211 and a micro-slot structure 212. The micro-slot structure 212 can be arranged at the open end of the first branch 211 and participates in the radiation of the antenna. The feed structure 22 of the antenna 20 is located on one side of the inner surface of the frame 102 and is connected to the radiator 21. The feed structure 22 is used to receive a feed, and in an embodiment, the feed structure 22 is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip 30. The radio frequency chip 30 sends an electrical signal to the feed structure 22, and the electrical signal is transmitted to the radiator 21 through the feed structure 22. The part in the rectangular dashed box in FIG. 2 schematically represents the antenna 20.

[0117] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 3, in an embodiment, the terminal device 100 is a tablet computer or a display device. The part in the rectangular dashed box on the part of the frame 102 at the top of the terminal device in FIG. 3 schematically represents the antenna 20. Part of the frame 102 is the radiator 21 of the antenna 20, and in an embodiment, the radiator 21 includes a first branch 211 and a micro-slot structure 212. The micro-slot structure 212 can be arranged at the open end of the first branch 211 and participates in the radiation of the antenna 20. The feed structure 22 of the antenna 20 is located on one side of the inner surface of the frame 102 and is connected to the radiator 21. The feed structure 22 is used to receive a feed, and in an embodiment, the feed structure 22 is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip 30. The radio frequency chip 30 sends an electrical signal to the feed structure 22, and the electrical signal is transmitted to the radiator 21 through the feed structure 22. The feed structure 22 is electrically connected between the radiator 21 and the radio frequency chip 30, achieving the reception and transmission of radio frequency signals.

[0118] The radio frequency chip 30 of the terminal device in the embodiments shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 can be a separate device or can be arranged on the mainboard of the terminal device. In an embodiment, the radio frequency chip 30 includes a transmitting path, a receiving path and a switching component. The transmitting path includes a power amplifier, a duplexer and a switch; the receiving path includes a low-noise amplifier, a filter and a switch.

[0119] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in an embodiment, the present application provides a frame structure 200 of a terminal device, the frame structure 200 includes a radiator 21 and a feeding structure 22 arranged on the frame 102. In an embodiment, the frame structure 200 can be an integrally formed structure, the feeding structure 22 is formed on one side of the inner surface of the frame 102 by an integrally forming manufacturing process and is connected with the radiator 21, and the frame 102 and the feeding structure 22 can have the same material. In an embodiment, the material of the frame 102 can be different from the material of the feeding structure 22, for example, the feeding structure 22 and the frame 102 can be connected by welding or bonding and the like. In an embodiment, the feeding structure 22 is a metal sheet or a metal columnar structure.

[0120] In an embodiment, the radiator 21 on the frame 102 of the terminal device includes a micro slit structure 212, the micro slit structure 212 includes at least two micro slits, the antenna radiator 21 is arranged through the micro slit structure 212, and the feeding structure 22 receives an excitation signal so that the antenna 20 generates different resonances. An embodiment of the present application can realize different resonance modes of one antenna 20 on the same part of the frame 102 of the terminal device, or can realize two or three antenna modes. Therefore, the antenna 20 provided by an embodiment of the present application can be an antenna with a wider frequency band, or the antenna 20 can also be a dual antenna or a triple antenna and the like. In an embodiment, the width of each micro slit is less than or equal to 0.3 mm, by limiting the upper limit of the width of the micro slit to 0.3 mm, the design requirements of the antenna 20 are met by arranging a micro slit with a small size on the frame 102, the consistency of the overall structure of the frame 102 is ensured, and the texture of the frame 102 can be improved, so that an embodiment of the present application can improve the appearance quality and experience of the terminal device.

[0121] In one embodiment, the radiator 21 of the antenna 20 arranged on the frame 102 of the terminal device has two micro-slots, and an intermediate branch is formed between the two micro-slots, and the intermediate branch is a one-piece sheet structure. In one embodiment, the two micro-slots and the intermediate branch are arranged between the two branches of the radiator 21, and the signal coupling between the two branches can be achieved through the two micro-slots and the intermediate branch. In other embodiments, three or more micro-slots can be arranged between the two branches, and correspondingly, the number of intermediate branches can be two or more, and similarly, the signal coupling between the two branches can be achieved through the three or more micro-slots and the two or more intermediate branches.

[0122] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure 200 of the terminal device 100 according to one embodiment of the present application. Referring to Fig. 4, the frame structure 200 includes the radiator 21 and the first feeding structure 221. The radiator 21 includes a first branch 211 and a micro-slot structure 212, and the micro-slot structure 212 includes a first micro-slot 2121, an intermediate branch 2123, and a second micro-slot 2122 arranged in sequence on the extension path of the first branch 211. The first micro-slot 2121 and the second micro-slot 2122 are arranged alternately and form the intermediate branch 2123 therebetween, and the first micro-slot 2121 is located between the intermediate branch 2123 and the first branch 211. The first micro-slot 2121 and the second micro-slot 2122 are insulating slots on the frame of the terminal device. In one embodiment, the part located on the side of the second micro-slot 2122 away from the intermediate branch 2123 can be other parts on the frame of the terminal device. In one embodiment, the part located on the side of the second micro-slot 2122 away from the intermediate branch 2123 can also be other branches of the radiator 21. The embodiment shown in Fig. 4 does not limit the part located on the side of the second micro-slot 2122 away from the intermediate branch 2123. The width W1 of the first micro-slot 2121 is the size of the first micro-slot 2121 on the extension path of the first branch 211, and the width W2 of the second micro-slot 2122 is the size of the second micro-slot 2122 on the extension path of the first branch 211. The width W1 of the first micro-slot 2121 and the width W2 of the second micro-slot 2122 are both less than or equal to 0.3 mm, and the first feeding structure 221 is connected to the first branch 211 and is used to receive feeding.

[0123] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the first branch 211 is linear, and the extension direction of the extension path of the first branch 211 can be understood as the extension direction of the extension line of the first branch 211. In other embodiments, the first branch 211 can also extend in an arc shape, for example, the first branch 211 is located at the position where the two adjacent edges of the terminal device intersect. When the first branch 211 includes an arc extension structure, the extension path of the first branch 211 can be the extension direction of the first branch 211 on the frame of the terminal device.

[0124] Referring to FIG. 4, in an embodiment, the intermediate branch 2123 is a one-piece structure, the length L0 of the intermediate branch 2123 ranges from greater than or equal to 1 mm to less than or equal to 5 mm, the length direction of the intermediate branch 2123 is consistent with the width direction of the first micro-slot 2121, and both are the extension direction of the extension path of the first branch 211, or both are the extension direction of the first branch 211. In an embodiment, the length L0 of the intermediate branch 2123 ranges from greater than or equal to 1.5 mm to less than or equal to 3.5 mm. In an embodiment, when the intermediate branch 2123 is a one-piece structure, the length L0 of the intermediate branch 2123 is the size of the extension of the one-piece intermediate branch in the extension direction of the first branch. In an embodiment, when the intermediate branch 2123 is a multi-segment structure, i.e., there is another micro-slot between the first micro-slot 2121 and the second micro-slot 2122, the length L0 of the intermediate branch 2123 is the size of the extension of the part between the first micro-slot 2121 and the second micro-slot 2122 (including the multi-segment intermediate branch and the intermediate micro-slot) in the extension direction of the first branch.

[0125] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the end of the first branch 211 adjacent to the micro-slot structure 212 is an open end, which can also be understood as the micro-slot structure 212 being located at the open end of the first branch 211. The first branch 211 includes a first feeding point 2112, and when fed, the micro-slot structure 212 and the first branch 211 together generate a first resonance. In an embodiment, the end of the first branch 211 away from the micro-slot structure 212 is a grounded end. In an embodiment, the end of the first branch 211 away from the micro-slot structure 212 is also an open end, for example, a second open end. In an embodiment, a second micro-slot structure can also be provided at the second open end, and together with the first branch 211 and the micro-slot structure 212, the first resonance is generated. It should be understood that the micro-slot structure and the radiator together generate resonance, which means that when the radiation environment of the micro-slot structure and / or the radiator changes, it will affect the frequency position of the resonance; for example, if a person holds the micro-slot structure in the environment in which the terminal device is used, the main resonance frequency generated by the antenna will deviate to the low side.

[0126] Figure 4 illustrates an example in which the first branch 211 has a grounded end away from the micro-slit structure 212. The first branch 211 includes a first grounding point 2111 for grounding, for example, the first grounding point 2111 is electrically connected to a grounding layer on a circuit board in the terminal device via a grounding spring. The first feeding point 2112 is connected to the first feeding structure 221. In one embodiment, the first feeding point 2112 is located at a distance from the first micro-slit 2121 that is less than one-half of the length of the first branch 211, which can be the distance from the first grounding point 2111 to the first micro-slit 2121. In one embodiment, the first feeding point 2112 is located at a distance from the first micro-slit 2121 that is less than one-fourth of the length of the first branch 211, and the first feeding point 2112 can also be located on the first branch 211 adjacent to the first micro-slit 2121.

[0127] Figure 5 illustrates an example of the frame structure 200 of the terminal device 100 according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5, in one embodiment, the radiator 21 of the frame structure 200 includes a first branch 211, a micro-slit structure 212, and a second branch 213. In one embodiment, the first feeding structure 221, the first branch 211, and the micro-slit structure 212 of the frame structure 200 can be the same as those shown in Figure 4. The second branch 213 is located at an end of the intermediate branch 2123 away from the first branch 211, and the second branch 213 and the intermediate branch 2123 form a second micro-slit 2122. The end of the first branch 211 away from the first micro-slit 2121 is the first grounding point 2111, and the end of the second branch 213 away from the second micro-slit 2122 is the second grounding point 2131. The example shown in Figure 5 illustrates an example in which the first branch 211 and the second branch 213 have grounded ends. In other embodiments, the end of the first branch 211 away from the first micro-slit 2121 can also be an open end, and a micro-slit structure can be provided at this position and participate in resonance. Similarly, the end of the second branch 213 away from the second micro-slit 2122 can also be an open end, and a micro-slit structure can be provided at this position and participate in resonance.

[0128] In one embodiment, the physical length of the first branch 211 is at least 3 times greater than the physical length of the intermediate branch 2123.

[0129] In one embodiment, at least part of the second branch 213 is located on the extension path of the first branch 211. In one embodiment, all parts of the second branch 213 are located on the extension path of the first branch 211. The first branch and the second branch are collinear. In one embodiment, the first branch is linear, and the second branch is also linear. In one embodiment, the first branch is linear, and part of the second branch is linear, and part of the second branch is arc-shaped.

[0130] In an embodiment, the first branch 211 and the second branch 213 can have the same length or different lengths. The first branch 211 and the second branch 213 can extend in the same direction, for example, the first branch 211 and the second branch 213 both extend in the direction of the long side of the frame of the terminal device. In an embodiment, the first branch 211 or the second branch 213 can extend on two adjacent sides of the frame of the terminal device, the first branch 211 or the second branch 213 can include an arc segment, part of the first branch 211 or the second branch 213 can extend in the direction of the long side of the frame of the terminal device, and another part of the first branch 211 or the second branch 213 can extend in the direction of the short side of the frame of the terminal device.

[0131] Referring to FIG. 5, in an embodiment, the micro slit structure 212 is used to realize signal coupling between the first branch 211 and the second branch 213, so as to realize excitation of the first branch 211 by the first feeding structure 221 and coupled excitation of the second branch 213, wherein the second branch 213 and the first branch 211 jointly generate resonance. In an embodiment, the first branch receives feeding as a main radiator of the antenna and generates a main resonance, and the second branch acts as a parasitic radiator and generates a parasitic resonance. In an embodiment, the first branch and the second branch can jointly generate one resonance (i.e., the main resonance and the parasitic resonance can be integrated).

[0132] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure 200 of the terminal device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the radiator 21 of the terminal device can also be used as two antennas, for example, the micro slit structure 212 is located at the open end of the first branch 211 and jointly generates a first resonance of a first antenna with the first branch 211; the micro slit structure 212 is also located at the open end of the second branch 213 and jointly generates a second resonance of a second antenna with the second branch 213.

[0133] Referring to FIG. 6, in an embodiment, the radiator 21 of the bezel structure 200 includes a first branch 211, a micro-slot structure 212, and a second branch 213, and the feed structure 22 of the bezel structure 200 includes a first feed structure 221 and a second feed structure 222. The second feed structure 222 is electrically connected to the second branch 213, the micro-slot structure 212 is an open end of the second branch 213 and forms a third resonance together with the second branch 213. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the radiator 21 of the terminal device can also be excited to form a first resonance and a second resonance. The first resonance is formed in that the micro-slot structure 212 is located at an open end of the first branch 211 and forms a first resonance together with the first branch 211. The second resonance is formed in that the micro-slot structure 212 is used to realize signal coupling between the first branch 211 and the second branch 213, so as to realize excitation of the first branch 211 by the first feed structure 221, coupled excitation of the second branch 213, and formation of a second resonance by the second branch 213 and the first branch 211 together. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the bezel structure 200 of the terminal device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 7, in an embodiment, the radiator 21 of the bezel structure 200 includes a first branch 211, a micro-slot structure 212, and a second branch 213, and the feed structure 22 of the bezel structure 200 includes a first feed structure 221, a second feed structure 222, and a third feed structure 223. The third feed structure 223 is electrically connected to the intermediate branch 2123. In an embodiment, the third feed structure 223 can excite the intermediate branch 2123 to form a fourth resonance. The fourth resonance can be a high-frequency resonance, for example, the operating frequency of the fourth resonance includes 7.5G. In an embodiment, the third feed structure 223 can excite the intermediate branch 2123 and coupled excite the first branch 211 to form a resonance. In an embodiment, the third feed structure 223 can excite the intermediate branch 2123 and coupled excite the second branch 213 to form a resonance. In an embodiment, the third feed structure 223 can excite the intermediate branch 2123 and coupled excite the first branch 211 and the second branch 213 to form a resonance.

[0134] In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the radiator 21 in the bezel structure 200 can be an equal-thickness structure. The vertical distance between the outer surface and the inner surface of the bezel position where the radiator 21 is located is the thickness of the radiator 21.

[0135] Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of the frame structure 200 of the terminal device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 8A, in an embodiment, the radiator 21 is of a non-uniform thickness structure. In an embodiment, the thickness of the intermediate branch 2123 is less than the thickness of the first branch 211. In an embodiment, the thickness of the intermediate branch 2123 is less than the thickness of the second branch 213. The thickness of the first branch 211 can be equal to the thickness of the second branch 213. The thickness of the first branch 211 can be different from the thickness of the second branch 213.

[0136] Referring to Figure 8A, in an embodiment, t0 is the thickness of the first branch 211 and the thickness of the second branch 213, or the average of the thickness of the first branch 211 and the thickness of the second branch 213; t is the thickness of the intermediate branch 2123, or the average of the thickness of the intermediate branch 2123; the vertical distance between the end of the first branch 211 facing the second branch 213 and the end of the second branch 213 facing the first branch 211 is g, the width of the first micro slit 2121 is W1, and the width of the second micro slit 2122 is W2. The above parameters satisfy the following formula:

[0137] In an embodiment, g≥1mm, t≤0.6mm, W1≤0.3mm, and W2≤0.3mm.

[0138] Figure 8B is a simulation curve diagram of the frame structure 200 of the terminal device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application in the LB (low frequency) resonance mode. Figure 8C is a simulation curve diagram of the frame structure 200 of the terminal device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application in the MB (medium frequency) resonance mode. Figure 8D is a simulation curve diagram of the frame structure 200 of the terminal device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application in the HB (high frequency) resonance mode.

[0139] Referring to Figure 8B, in the simulation result diagram of the LB of the antenna, the solid line represents the |S11| parameter of the antenna port, the dashed line represents the radiation efficiency of the antenna, and the wave peak characteristic near 0.88GHz is the system efficiency of the antenna. It can be seen that the micro slit antenna design meeting the geometric condition constraint can achieve the antenna performance comparable to the traditional antenna slit. The technical effects of g=1mm and g=2mm are compared in the diagram, and it can be seen that g=2mm can obtain higher antenna efficiency than g=1mm near the 0.88GHz frequency band.

[0140] Referring to FIG. 8C, in the simulation result diagram of the MB of the antenna, the solid line represents the |S11| parameter of the antenna port, and the dotted line represents the radiation efficiency of the antenna. It can be seen that the micro-slit antenna design conforming to the geometric condition constraint can achieve the antenna performance comparable to the traditional antenna slit. The technical effects of t = 0.2 mm and t = 0.3 mm are compared in the figure. It can be seen that t = 0.2 mm can obtain higher antenna efficiency than t = 0.3 mm near the 1.8 GHz frequency band.

[0141] Referring to FIG. 8D, in the simulation result diagram of the HB of the antenna, the solid line represents the |S11| parameter of the antenna port, and the dotted line represents the radiation efficiency of the antenna. It can be seen that the micro-slit antenna design conforming to the geometric condition constraint can achieve the antenna performance comparable to the traditional antenna slit. The technical effects of s = 0.1 mm and s = 0.2 mm are compared in the figure. It can be seen that s = 0.2 mm can obtain higher antenna efficiency than s = 0.1 mm near the 5.5 GHz frequency band.

[0142] In an embodiment, the number of micro-slits in the micro-slit structure 212 is m, m ≥ 2, the width of a single micro-slit is Wn≤ 0.3 mm, n is any value from 1 to m, t0is: the thickness of the first branch 211 and the thickness of the second branch 213, or the average of the thickness of the first branch 211 and the thickness of the second branch 213; t is: the thickness of the intermediate branch 2123, or the average of the thickness of the intermediate branch 2123; the vertical distance between the end of the first branch 211 facing the second branch 213 and the end of the second branch 213 facing the first branch 211 is g. The thickness t of the intermediate branch formed between the micro-slits is less than the thickness t0of the two side frame metals; and the above parameters satisfy the following relationship:

[0143] In an embodiment, the size tolerance of the total width of the micro-slits is

[0144] In an embodiment, the thickness of the intermediate branch 2123 has a size tolerance of Δt, Δt ≤ 0.2t.

[0145] In an embodiment, the widths of different micro-slits can be different. The offset of the intermediate branch 2123 can cause different micro-slits to have different width sizes. The position offset of the intermediate branch 2123 in the extension direction of the first branch 211 does not affect the performance of the antenna on the frame structure 200 provided in the present application.

[0146] Referring to FIG. 8A, the intermediate branch 2123 includes a branch inner surface S1 and a branch outer surface S2 arranged opposite in the thickness direction, the branch outer surface S2 being an outer surface of the frame of the terminal device, and the branch inner surface S1 being a surface facing the internal space of the terminal device. In an embodiment, the branch outer surface S2 and the outer surface of the first branch 211 are flush and coplanar. In an embodiment, the branch outer surface S2, the outer surface of the first branch 211, and the outer surface of the second branch 213 are coplanar. The branch inner surface S1 is concave compared to the inner surface of the first branch 211 and the inner surface of the second branch, and the branch inner surface S1 and the partial first side edge E1 of the first branch 211 and the partial second side edge E2 of the second branch 213 together constitute an insulation region R. The length dimension of the insulation region R is the extension dimension of the insulation region R in the extension direction of the first branch 211, and the length dimension of the insulation region R is equal to the distance g between the first branch 211 and the second branch 213.

[0147] FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the frame structure 200 of the terminal device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 9, in an embodiment, the branch inner surface S1 and the partial first side edge E1 of the first branch 211 and the partial second side edge E2 of the second branch 213 together constitute an insulation region R. The length dimension of the insulation region R includes a plurality of different length dimensions, for example, the length dimension of the insulation region R includes a first length dimension L1, a second length dimension L2, and a third length dimension L3, the first length dimension L1 is greater than the second length dimension L2, and the second length dimension L2 is greater than the third length dimension L3. In an embodiment, the minimum value of the length dimension of the insulation region R is greater than or equal to 4 mm. By constraining the minimum value of the length dimension of the insulation region R to be 4 mm, better antenna performance can be obtained. The larger the length dimension of the insulation region R, the better the improvement in antenna performance. A larger length of the insulation region R will affect the overall structural strength of the frame structure. In order to balance the better structural strength of the frame structure 200 and the more obvious improvement in the performance of the antenna, in an embodiment, the length dimension of the insulation region R ranges from greater than or equal to 4 mm to less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0148] The embodiments of the present application form the insulation region R by hollowing out one side of the inner surface of the frame. The insulation region R has different length dimensions, which can affect the area directly opposite between the first branch 211 and the second branch 213, affect the coupling capacitance formed between the first branch 211 and the second branch 213, and thus facilitate tuning the performance of the antenna.

[0149] In one embodiment, the first side E1 of the first stub 211 includes a first arc portion E11, the second side E2 of the second stub 213 includes a second arc portion E21, and the first arc portion E11 and the second arc portion E21 are disposed opposite to each other along the extending direction of the first stub 211. In one embodiment, the first arc portion E11 and the second arc portion E21 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle stub 2123.

[0150] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure 200 of a terminal device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure 200 of a terminal device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, in one embodiment, the frame structure 200 further includes a bump 23. The first stub 211, the second stub 213, the middle stub 2123, and the bump 23 are all made of conductive materials. The bump 23 is located in the insulating region R and is surrounded by an insulating medium. In one embodiment, the bump 23 is made of a metal material. In one embodiment, the bump 23 is used to perform a surface anodic treatment on the frame structure during the manufacturing process of the frame structure. During the treatment, the bump 23 and the frame are connected through a conductive structure, and the bump 23 and the metal parts in the terminal device can also be connected through a conductive structure. After the treatment, the partial conductive structure connecting the bump 23 and the frame is removed, and the partial conductive structure connecting the bump 23 and the metal parts in the terminal device is removed. Therefore, the bump 23 forms an independent device between the frame and the metal parts. The bump 23 and the metal parts in the terminal device are surrounded by an insulating medium, which can prevent a short circuit between the bump 23 and other conductive structures.

[0151] In one embodiment, the surface of the bump 23 facing the middle stub includes a structure that bends and extends. For example, the cross-section of the bump 23 is in a "convex" shape. Such a design is beneficial to realizing the advantages of increasing the aluminum-plastic waterproof path length and reducing the aluminum-plastic leakage risk.

[0152] Referring to FIG. 11, in one embodiment, along the thickness direction of the middle stub 2123, the length of the insulating region R gradually changes. The length of the insulating region R in the part close to the middle stub 2123 is the smallest, and the length of the insulating region R in the part far from the middle stub 2123 is the largest. The cross-section of the insulating region R is in a horn shape or a bowl shape.

[0153] The constraints on the dimensions of the first micro-slit, the second micro-slit, and the middle stub, and the constraints on the feeding structure in any of the embodiments in FIGS. 1-7 are applicable to any of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 8A-11. Similarly, the constraints on the dimensional relationships of the middle stub, the first stub, the second stub, the first micro-slit, and the second micro-slit in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8A are applicable to any of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 9-11.

[0154] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 12, in one embodiment, the antenna 20 comprises a feed structure 22 and a radiator 21, the radiator 21 comprises a first branch 211, an intermediate branch 2123 and a second branch 213 arranged in sequence, a first micro-gap 2121 is formed between the first branch 211 and the intermediate branch 2123, and a second micro-gap 2122 is formed between the intermediate branch 2123 and the second branch 213. The intermediate branch 2123, the first micro-gap 2121 and the second micro-gap 2122 together form a micro-gap structure 212. The micro-gap structure 212 is arranged between the first branch 211 and the second branch 213 and can participate in the radiation of the antenna. An end of the first branch 211 away from the first micro-gap 2121 is a first grounding point 2111, and an end of the second branch 213 away from the second micro-gap 2122 is a second grounding point 2131. The minimum distance between the first branch 211 and the intermediate branch 2123 is the width W1 of the first micro-gap 2121, and the minimum distance between the intermediate branch 2123 and the second branch 213 is the width W2 of the second micro-gap 2122. The width W1 of the first micro-gap 2121 and the width W2 of the second micro-gap 2122 are both less than or equal to 0.3 mm. In one embodiment of the present application, the radiator 21 of the antenna is arranged on the frame of the terminal device, the first branch 211, the intermediate branch 2123 and the second branch 213 are arranged in sequence on the frame, and the radiator 21 can be formed by opening the first micro-gap 2121 and the second micro-gap 2122 (not limited to these two micro-gaps, and more micro-gaps can be arranged on the frame) on the frame. By constraining the width of the first micro-gap 2121 and the second micro-gap 2122 to be less than or equal to 0.3 mm, the integrity of the frame of the terminal device is better, and the appearance quality and experience of the terminal device are improved. In one embodiment of the present application, the performance of the antenna can be improved while improving the appearance quality and experience of the terminal device.

[0155] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figures 12 and 13, in one embodiment, along the extension direction of the first branch, the middle position of the intermediate branch 2123 is the midpoint C1 of the intermediate branch 2123, and the middle position of the radiator 21 is the midpoint C2 of the radiator 21. In one embodiment, the distance L9 between the midpoint C1 of the intermediate branch 2123 and the midpoint C2 of the radiator 21 is less than or equal to 20% of the length L10 of the radiator 21. The feed structure 22 is electrically connected to the first branch and is used to excite the radiator to generate a first resonance and a second resonance. The first resonance point frequency of the first resonance is higher than the second resonance point frequency of the second resonance. In the embodiments shown in Figures 12 and 13, the feed structure 22 is a first feed structure 221, and the first feed structure 221 is connected to a first feed point 2112 of the first branch 211. A first device 214 is arranged on the intermediate branch 2123, and the first device 214 is used to affect the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance.

[0156] The application sets the first device 214 on the intermediate branch 2123, the first device 214 is related to the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance, the setting of the first device 214 can affect the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance, and the adjustment of the parameter of the first device 214 can also adjust the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance. An embodiment of the application makes the setting of the first device affect the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance by restricting the distance between the midpoint of the intermediate branch and the midpoint of the radiator to be less than or equal to 20% of the length of the radiator. By setting the first device, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is within a certain range, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be widened. For example, the setting of the first device can lower the first resonance without affecting the second resonance, so that the first resonance and the second resonance can be within the same frequency band range, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is widened.

[0157] In an embodiment, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is greater than or equal to 5% of the first resonance point frequency and less than or equal to 20% of the first resonance point frequency. By restricting the upper and lower limits of the frequency difference range of the first resonance and the second resonance, the application is beneficial to ensure the efficiency of the antenna. If the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is less than 5% of the first resonance point frequency, the first resonance and the second resonance are too close, and the antenna will have a significant efficiency pit, affecting the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0158] In an embodiment, the first resonance is a D mode and the second resonance is a C mode, the first resonance point frequency of the D mode is higher than the second resonance point frequency of the C mode, and without introducing the first device, the first resonance point frequency of the D mode of the antenna is significantly higher than the second resonance point frequency of the C mode. In the case of introducing the first device at the position of the intermediate branch, the first resonance point frequency of the D mode of the antenna is lowered, but the second resonance point frequency of the C mode remains basically unchanged, so that the setting of the first device can affect the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance, so that the first resonance and the second resonance are close to each other, which is beneficial to widen the frequency width of the antenna. In an embodiment, the first resonance and the second resonance are close to each other, so that the antenna can cover a wider frequency width, and therefore, the antenna designed in an embodiment of the application is beneficial to realize the single-state improvement of the antenna.

[0159] In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is in the range of greater than 20% of the first resonant point frequency and less than 70% of the first resonant point frequency. It can be understood that the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is within 20-70%, for example, one of the first resonance and the second resonance includes 1.7GHz, and the other includes 2.7GHz, which can be regarded as the beginning and end of the middle-high frequency, and thus the scheme can realize the CA state (simultaneously covering two middle-high frequency bands) of the antenna. In this embodiment, the electrical connection between the middle branch and the ground can be disconnected.

[0160] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 14, in one embodiment, the current distribution of the antenna under the first resonance (D mode) has a current reversal region at the position of the middle branch, for example, at a certain moment, the current flows from the second grounding point 2131 to the middle branch 2123 along the second branch 213, and the current flows from the first grounding point 2111 to the middle branch 2123 along the first branch 211, forming a current reversal region on the middle branch 2123. In one embodiment, the current distribution of the antenna under the second resonance (C mode) is unidirectional along the radiator, for example, at a certain moment, the current flows from the second grounding point 2131 to the first grounding point 2111 along the second branch 213, the middle branch 2123 and the first branch 211.

[0161] In one embodiment, the current reversal region of the radiator 21 under the first resonance mode is located on the middle branch 2123, and thus the first device 214 arranged on the middle branch 2123 can affect the frequency of the first resonance. In one embodiment, the current reversal region on the radiator includes the position where the first device 214 and the middle branch 2123 are connected. Such a design can make the influence of the first device 214 on the first resonance more obvious.

[0162] Referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, in one embodiment, the physical length of the first branch is L1, the physical length of the second branch is L2, and L1×60%≦L2≦L1. The difference in length between the first branch and the second branch is 40% of the size of the first branch. Such a design is beneficial to realize that the distance L9 between the midpoint C1 of the middle branch 2123 and the midpoint C2 of the radiator 21 is less than or equal to 20% of the length L10 of the radiator 21, and is beneficial to adjust the electrical lengths of the radiators on both sides of the middle branch 2123 to be the same, so that the first device 214 arranged on the middle branch 2123 can lower the frequency of the first resonance without substantially affecting the frequency of the second resonance. Thus, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is adjusted to a suitable range, so that the frequency bandwidth of the antenna is expanded.

[0163] Referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, in an embodiment, the distance L9 between the midpoint C1 of the intermediate branch 2123 and the midpoint C2 of the radiator 21 is less than or equal to 15% of the length L10 of the radiator 21. In an embodiment, the difference between the length of the first branch 211 and the length of the second branch 213 is 30% of the length of the first branch 211.

[0164] In an embodiment, the physical length of the first branch 211 is L1, the physical length of the second branch 213 is L2, and L1 x 80% ≦ L2 ≦ L1. The distance L9 between the midpoint C1 of the intermediate branch 2123 and the midpoint C2 of the radiator 21 is less than or equal to 10% of the length L10 of the radiator 21. In an embodiment, the difference between the length of the first branch 211 and the length of the second branch 213 is 20% of the length of the first branch 211. This scheme is advantageous in ensuring the radiation efficiency of the antenna at the first resonance and the second resonance, and providing a better directional diagram.

[0165] In an embodiment, L1 = L2, and the antenna has a better directional diagram.

[0166] It can be understood that the intermediate branch 2123 is located in the middle region of the overall length of the radiator 21, and the first device 214 is matched to the intermediate branch 2123, which can make the influence of the first device 214 on the frequency difference between the two resonance modes more obvious.

[0167] In an embodiment, the first device 214 can be connected to the intermediate branch 2123 through a switch, or the first device 214 is an adjustable device, such as an adjustable capacitor, or the first device 214 includes multiple parallel branches, and a corresponding branch can be selected and connected to the intermediate branch 2123 by adjusting. When the first device is an adjustable device or is connected to the intermediate branch through a switch, the first resonance can be affected by adjusting the first device, so that the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance changes. In an embodiment, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is within 20%, and the antenna can achieve a wider bandwidth coverage. In this embodiment, the first device can be a capacitor device, and by restricting the capacitance value of the capacitor device within a suitable range, the advantage of expanding the bandwidth of the antenna can be achieved. In an embodiment, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is within 20-70%, and the antenna can achieve a CA state, and the antenna can simultaneously cover two medium-high frequency bands, such as one of the frequency bands including 1.7 GHz and the other including 2.7 GHz.

[0168] In an embodiment, the first device 214 can achieve CA state adjustment of the antenna, that is, the operating frequency points of the two resonances are pulled away from each other, so that the antenna can cover two frequency bands and realize a dual-frequency antenna architecture through one feed.

[0169] In one embodiment, the first device 214 includes a capacitor structure, one end of the capacitor structure is connected to the middle stub 2123, and the other end of the capacitor structure is grounded. The capacitance of the capacitor structure ranges from 0.3 pF to 2 pF (inclusive). In one embodiment, the capacitance of the capacitor structure is 1 pF.

[0170] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the antenna 20 according to one embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIGS. 12 and 15, in one embodiment, the antenna 20 further includes a tuning switch 215, which is electrically connected between the second stub 213 and the ground. The tuning switch 215 can be close to the middle stub 2123, or the tuning switch 215 can be close to the second grounding point 2131. In one embodiment, other devices, such as a capacitor, an inductor, etc., can be connected between the tuning switch 215 and the second stub 213, or between the tuning switch 215 and the ground. In one embodiment, the second stub 213 includes a switch connection position 2135, which is the position where the tuning switch 215 is connected to the second stub 213, and the distance between the switch connection position 2135 and the second micro slit 2122 is less than the distance between the switch connection position 2135 and the second grounding point 2131.

[0171] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the antenna 20 according to one embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 16, in one embodiment, the tuning switch 215 includes a first switch circuit 2151 and a second switch circuit 2152, which are connected in parallel between the second stub 213 and the ground.

[0172] Referring to any one of the embodiments of FIGS. 12 to 16, in one embodiment, the middle stub 2123 is a one-piece sheet structure, the length of the middle stub 2123 ranges from greater than or equal to 1 mm to less than or equal to 5 mm, and the length direction of the middle stub 2123 and the width direction of the two micro slits are both perpendicular to the line connecting the end of the first stub 211 facing the second stub 213 and the end of the second stub 213 facing the first stub 211. In one embodiment, the length of the middle stub 2123 ranges from greater than or equal to 1.5 mm to less than or equal to 3.5 mm.

[0173] In one embodiment, the length of the middle stub 2123 is 2 mm, the length of the first stub 211 is 16.4 mm, and the length of the second stub 213 is 14.2 mm.

[0174] In one embodiment, the length of the intermediate branch 2123 is 2 mm, the length of the first branch 211 is 16.4 mm, the first branch 211 and the intermediate branch 2123 extend in the first direction, the part of the second branch 213 extends in the first direction, the part of the second branch 213 extends in the second direction, the size of the second branch 213 extending in the first direction is 17.5 mm, and the size of the second branch 213 extending in the second direction is 10.6 mm. In one embodiment, the part of the second branch 213 is arc-shaped.

[0175] FIGS. 17A, 17B and 17C are schematic diagrams of the antenna 20 in three different embodiments provided by the present application. Referring to FIGS. 17A, 17B and 17C, in one embodiment, the intermediate branch 2123 is provided with a third micro-slit 21231 located between the first micro-slit 2121 and the second micro-slit 2122, the width of the third micro-slit 21231 is less than or equal to 0.3 mm, and the intermediate branch 2123 includes a first section 21232 and a second section 21234 located on both sides of the third micro-slit 21231, and the first device 214 is electrically connected to the first section 21232 and / or the second section 21234.

[0176] In one embodiment, the first micro-slit 2121, the second micro-slit 2122 and the third micro-slit 21231 are parallel to each other. In one embodiment, the length direction of the first micro-slit 2121, the second micro-slit 2122 and the third micro-slit 21231 is consistent with the width direction of the intermediate branch, the length direction of the intermediate branch 2123 is the direction in which the first branch 211 extends to the second branch 213, the width direction of the intermediate branch 2123 is perpendicular to the length direction of the intermediate branch 2123, and the width direction of the first micro-slit 2121, the second micro-slit 2122 and the third micro-slit 21231 is consistent with the length direction of the intermediate branch 2123. In one embodiment, an included angle is formed between the length direction of the first micro-slit 2121, the second micro-slit 2122 and the third micro-slit 21231 and the width direction of the intermediate branch 2123.

[0177] FIG. 18 is a comparison diagram of S11 curves of the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application. Referring to FIG. 18, the S11 curve expressed by the solid line is the S11 curve when no first device is connected to the intermediate branch, and the S11 curve expressed by the dashed line is the S11 curve when the first device is connected to the intermediate branch, for example, the first device can be a capacitor with a capacitance of 1 pF. There are two resonances in the S11 curve expressed by the dashed line, one of which is close to 2.2 G, and the other is close to 2.5 G. It can be understood that the first resonance is 2.5 G, and the second resonance is 2.2 G.

[0178] Figure 19 is a graph of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 19, the thicker curve represents the system efficiency curve, the thinner curve represents the radiation efficiency curve, the solid line represents the system efficiency curve and the radiation efficiency curve of the antenna without the first device connected to the middle branch, and the dashed line represents the system efficiency curve and the radiation efficiency curve of the antenna with the first device connected to the middle branch.

[0179] Referring to Figures 18 and 19, it can be seen that, by providing the first device, the first resonant point frequency of the first resonance can be affected according to an embodiment of the present application. Without the first device, the first resonant point frequency of the first resonance would be higher than 3G (as shown by the solid line in the S11 curve in Figure 18, the first resonance is not included). According to an embodiment of the present application, by adding the first device to the middle branch, the first resonant point frequency of the first resonance is lowered to about 2.5G and is close to the second resonance, so that the bandwidth of the antenna can be widened. The antenna provided by the present application has a small variation in S11 within a certain bandwidth (for example, 2.3GHz-2.5GHz). According to an embodiment of the present application, a double coupling structure can be formed, the position of the high frequency resonance can be optimized separately, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be expanded.

[0180] Figure 20 is a graph of the S11 curve of the first gap and the second gap at different width sizes of an antenna without the first device. Figure 21 is a graph of the S11 curve of the first gap and the second gap at different width sizes of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, in which the first device is provided on the middle branch. Figures 20 and 21 respectively represent the S11 curve at three different width sizes of the gap (0.16mm, 0.2mm, 0.24mm). It can be seen that, in the embodiment shown in Figure 20, the effect of the change in the width size of the first gap and the second gap (change in a small amplitude) on the antenna without the first device, and in the embodiment shown in Figure 21, the effect of the change in the width size of the first gap and the second gap (change in a small amplitude) on the antenna with the first device. It can be seen that, by providing the first device, the variation in S11 within a certain bandwidth (2.3GHz-2.5GHz) is small.

[0181] Figure 22 is a graph of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of an antenna without a first device disposed on the antenna, the first slot and the second slot at different width dimensions. Figure 23 is a graph of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of an antenna with a first device disposed on the middle stub, the first slot and the second slot at different width dimensions according to an embodiment of the present application. Comparing Figure 22 and Figure 23, it can be seen that the antenna according to the present application has an optimized resonance position, a widened bandwidth, and the efficiency difference caused by the tolerance at the sideband frequency point (2.5 GHz) is reduced from 1.5 dB to 0.6 dB.

[0182] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 24, in one embodiment, the antenna 20 includes a radiator 21, a first feeding structure 221 and a second feeding structure 222, the radiator 21 includes a first stub 211 and a middle stub 2123, the middle stub 2123 is disposed on the extension path of the first stub 211, a first micro slot 2121 is formed between the first stub 211 and the middle stub 2123, one end of the first stub 211 away from the first micro slot 2121 is a first ground point 2111, the minimum distance between the first stub 211 and the middle stub 2123 is the width W1 of the first micro slot 2121, the width W1 of the first micro slot 2121 is less than or equal to 0.3 mm, one end of the middle stub 2123 away from the first micro slot 2121 is an open end, the length of the middle stub 2123 is less than 50% of the length of the first stub 211, and the length of the middle stub 2123 is the dimension of the middle stub 2123 extending on the extension path of the first stub 211. The first feeding structure 221 is electrically connected to the first stub 211 to excite the radiator 21 to generate a first resonance, and the second feeding structure 222 is electrically connected to the middle stub 2123 to excite the radiator 21 to generate a second resonance.

[0183] According to an embodiment of the present application, by constraining the relationship between the physical length of the middle stub 2123 and the first stub 211, it can be deduced that the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance can satisfy: one is high frequency and one is low frequency, and the two resonance modes of the first resonance and the second resonance do not affect each other and do not need to be isolated.

[0184] In one embodiment, the length of the middle stub 2123 ranges from greater than or equal to 1 mm to less than or equal to 5 mm. In one embodiment, the length of the middle stub 2123 ranges from greater than or equal to 1.5 mm to less than or equal to 3.5 mm.

[0185] In one embodiment, the size of the first stub 211 ranges from greater than or equal to 10 mm to less than or equal to 25 mm.

[0186] In one embodiment, the second resonance has a frequency range of greater than or equal to 5G and less than or equal to 10G, and the first resonance has a frequency range of less than or equal to 3G.

[0187] In one embodiment, the second feeding structure 222 excites the intermediate branch 2123, the intermediate branch 2123 couples the first branch 211 and generates a third resonance, and a difference between a third resonance point frequency of the third resonance and a second resonance point frequency of the second resonance is less than 15% of an operating point frequency of the second resonance. In one embodiment, the second resonance has a frequency range of 5G.

[0188] In one embodiment, the present application generates a third resonance through the coupling of the intermediate branch 2123 and the first branch 211, which can widen the 5G frequency bandwidth, for example, the second resonance includes 5G, and the third resonance includes 5.6G.

[0189] In one embodiment, the second resonance has a frequency range of 7.5G. For example, the second resonance is an operating frequency of a UWB antenna formed by the intermediate branch 2123.

[0190] FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 20 according to one embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 25, in one embodiment, the radiator 21 includes a first branch 211, a second branch 213, and a micro-gap structure 212 located therebetween, the micro-gap structure 212 including an intermediate branch 2123, a first micro-gap 2121, and a second micro-gap 2122. The second branch 213 is located at an end of the intermediate branch 2123 away from the first branch 211, a second micro-gap 2122 is formed between the second branch 213 and the intermediate branch 2123, an end of the first branch 211 away from the first micro-gap 2121 is a first grounding point 2111, an end of the second branch 213 away from the second micro-gap 2122 is a second grounding point 2131, and a width W2 of the second micro-gap 2122 is less than or equal to 0.3mm. A minimum distance between the intermediate branch 2123 and the second branch 213 is the width W2 of the second micro-gap 2122.

[0191] The antenna 20 further includes a third feeding structure 223 electrically connected to the second branch 213 for generating a fourth resonance. In one embodiment, the first resonance has a frequency range of WIFI 2.4G, the second resonance has a resonance range of a WIFI 5G antenna, and the fourth resonance has a resonance range of a GPS L1 antenna.

[0192] Fig. 26 is a schematic diagram of the antenna 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figs. 25 and 26, in an embodiment, the antenna 20 further comprises a second device 216 electrically connected between the second branch 213 and the ground, and the second device 216 is configured to tune the fourth resonance. In an embodiment, the second device 216 can be connected to the second branch 213 through a switch. In an embodiment, the second device 216 can be a tunable device, for example, a tunable capacitor.

[0193] Based on all the above embodiments, referring to Fig. 26, in an embodiment, the first micro-gap, the middle branch and the second micro-gap form a micro-gap structure 212, the first branch 211 and the first feeding structure 221 form a first antenna N1, the second branch 213 and the third feeding structure 223 form a second antenna N2, the micro-gap structure 212 is an open end of the first antenna N1, and the micro-gap structure 212 is an open end of the second antenna N2.

[0194] Fig. 27 is a comparison diagram of S11 curves of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Fig. 27, the S11 curve expressed by a solid line is the S11 curve of the antenna when the middle branch is disconnected, and the S11 curve expressed by a dashed line is the S11 curve of the antenna when the second feeding structure is connected to the middle branch.

[0195] Fig. 28 is a diagram of radiation efficiency and system efficiency curves of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Fig. 28, the thicker curve represents the system efficiency curve, and the thinner curve represents the radiation efficiency curve. The system efficiency curve and the radiation efficiency curve expressed by a solid line are the system efficiency curve and the radiation efficiency of the antenna when the second feeding structure is not connected to the middle branch, and the system efficiency curve and the radiation efficiency curve expressed by a dashed line are the system efficiency curve and the radiation efficiency of the antenna when the second feeding structure is connected to the middle branch.

[0196] In an embodiment, the feeding signal received by the second feeding structure is a WIFI 5G signal. Referring to Figs. 27 and 28, by connecting the second feeding structure to the middle branch, dual resonance can be achieved, which is beneficial to expand the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0197] It should be understood that the size of the sequence number of each process described above in various embodiments of the present application does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of an embodiment of the present application.

[0198] The above description is only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application; in the case of no conflict, the possible embodiments of the present application and the features in the possible embodiments can be combined with each other. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The first device is arranged on the middle branch. The radiation body comprises a first branch, a middle branch and a second branch arranged in sequence, a first micro gap is formed between the first branch and the middle branch, a second micro gap is formed between the middle branch and the second branch, one end of the first branch away from the first micro gap is a first grounding point, one end of the second branch away from the second micro gap is a second grounding point, the minimum distance between the first branch and the middle branch is the width of the first micro gap, the minimum distance between the middle branch and the second branch is the width of the second micro gap, the width of the first micro gap and the width of the second micro gap are both less than or equal to 0.3mm, the distance between the midpoint of the middle branch and the midpoint of the radiation body is less than or equal to 20% of the length of the radiation body. The feeding structure is electrically connected to the first branch and is used to excite the radiation body to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, the first resonance point frequency of the first resonance is higher than the second resonance point frequency of the second resonance. The first device is arranged on the middle branch.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical length of the first branch is L1, the physical length of the second branch is L2, L1x60%≦L2≦L1; or L2x60%≦L1≦L2.

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, L1x80%≦L2≦L1; or L2x80%≦L1≦L2.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first device is connected to the middle branch through a switch.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The first device comprises a capacitor structure, one end of the capacitor structure is connected to the middle branch, and the other end of the capacitor structure is grounded.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The capacitance value of the capacitor structure ranges from 0.3pF to 2pF.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The middle branch is an integral sheet structure, the length of the middle branch ranges from greater than or equal to 1mm to less than or equal to 5mm, and the length direction of the middle branch and the width direction of the two micro gaps are both perpendicular to the line connecting one end of the first branch facing the second branch and one end of the second branch facing the first branch.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that The length of the middle branch ranges from greater than or equal to 1.5mm to less than or equal to 3.5mm.

9. The antenna according to any of claims 1-8, characterized by The thickness of the middle branch is less than the thickness of the first branch and the thickness of the second branch.

10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein, Wherein, t0 is the thickness of the first branch and the thickness of the second branch, or the average value of the thickness of the first branch and the thickness of the second branch; t is the thickness of the middle branch, or the average value of the thickness of the middle branch; The perpendicular distance between one end of the first branch facing the second branch and one end of the second branch facing the first branch is g, the width of the first micro gap is W1, and the width of the second micro gap is W2.

11. The antenna according to any of claims 1-10, characterized by The intermediate branch includes a branch inner surface and a branch outer surface oppositely arranged in a thickness direction, the first branch includes a first side edge facing the second branch, the second branch includes a second side edge facing the first branch, the first side edge, the branch inner surface and the second side edge jointly enclose an insulation region, a length dimension of the insulation region is an extension dimension in an extension path of the first branch, the length dimension of the insulation region includes a plurality of different length dimensions, and each of the plurality of different length dimensions is greater than a minimum distance between the first branch and the second branch in the extension path of the first branch.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein, A frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance ranges from greater than or equal to 5% of the first resonant point frequency to less than or equal to 20% of the first resonant point frequency.

13. An antenna, characterized by The antenna includes a radiator, a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure, the radiator includes a first branch and an intermediate branch, the intermediate branch is arranged on an extension path of the first branch, a first micro gap is formed between the first branch and the intermediate branch, an end of the first branch away from the first micro gap is a first grounding point, a minimum distance between the first branch and the intermediate branch is a width of the first micro gap, the width of the first micro gap is less than or equal to 0.3 mm, an end of the intermediate branch away from the first micro gap is an open end, a length of the intermediate branch is less than 50% of a length of the first branch, the length of the intermediate branch is a dimension of the intermediate branch extending in the extension path of the first branch, the first feeding structure is electrically connected to the first branch to excite the radiator to generate a first resonance, and the second feeding structure is electrically connected to the intermediate branch to excite the radiator to generate a second resonance.

14. The antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that, The length of the intermediate branch ranges from greater than or equal to 1 mm to less than or equal to 5 mm.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first branch has a size ranging from greater than or equal to 10 mm to less than or equal to 25 mm.

16. The antenna according to claim 15, characterized in that, The second resonance has a frequency ranging from greater than or equal to 5 G to less than or equal to 10 G, and the first resonance has a frequency less than or equal to 3 G.

17. The antenna according to any of claims 13-16, characterized by The second feeding structure excites the intermediate branch, the intermediate branch couples the first branch and generates a third resonance, and a difference between a third resonant point frequency of the third resonance and a second resonant point frequency of the second resonance is less than 15% of a working point frequency of the second resonance.

18. The antenna according to any of claims 13-17, characterized by The radiator further includes a second branch at an end of the intermediate branch away from the first branch, a second micro gap is formed between the second branch and the intermediate branch, an end of the first branch away from the first micro gap is a first grounding point, an end of the second branch away from the second micro gap is a second grounding point, a width of the second micro gap is less than or equal to 0.3 mm, a minimum distance between the intermediate branch and the second branch is the width of the second micro gap, and the antenna further includes a third feeding structure electrically connected to the second branch to generate a fourth resonance.

19. The antenna according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first micro-slit, the intermediate stub, and the second micro-slit constitute a micro-slit structure, the first stub and the first feed structure form a first antenna, the second stub and the third feed structure form a second antenna, the micro-slit structure is an open end of the first antenna, and the micro-slit structure is an open end of the second antenna.

20. A terminal device, comprising: An antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the antenna further comprises a bezel, and the radiating element of the antenna is located on the bezel, and the first micro-slit and the second micro-slit are insulating slits in the bezel.

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