Battery and electric device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and provides a battery and an electric device. The battery comprises a case, solid-state battery cells, and an insulating liquid. An assembly space is formed inside the case. The solid-state battery cells are arranged in the assembly space; each solid-state battery cell comprises a first electrode sheet, a solid-state electrolyte layer and a second electrode sheet; the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet have opposite polarities; and the solid-state electrolyte layer is arranged between the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet so as to separate the first electrode sheet from the second electrode sheet. The insulating liquid is accommodated in the assembly space, and the solid-state battery cells are immersed in the insulating liquid. The battery of this structure can improve the effect of applying pressure on the solid-state battery cells, so that a reduction in the contact area or a poor contact effect between the first electrode sheets and the solid-state electrolyte layers and between the second electrode sheets and the solid-state electrolyte layers of the solid-state battery cells can be effectively mitigated during use, thereby mitigating conductivity differences and fluctuations at different positions within the solid-state battery cells.

Description

Batteries and electrical devices Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application 2024110349192 entitled “Battery and Power Consumption Device”, filed on July 30, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0003] In recent years, new energy vehicles have experienced rapid development. In the field of electric vehicles, power batteries, as the power source, play an irreplaceable and crucial role. With the vigorous promotion of new energy vehicles, the demand for power battery products is also increasing. Among them, batteries, as core components of new energy vehicles, have high requirements in terms of stability and service life.

[0004] In battery technology, in order to improve the energy density and charging speed of batteries, batteries are usually designed as solid-state batteries, which include a casing and solid-state cells housed in the casing. However, existing solid-state cells are prone to performance degradation or failure during use, and may even have risks such as internal short circuits, resulting in low battery reliability and short lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a battery and an electrical device that can effectively improve the reliability and lifespan of the battery.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery, including a housing, a solid-state battery cell, and an insulating liquid; the housing has an assembly space formed inside; the solid-state battery cell is disposed within the assembly space, the solid-state battery cell includes a first electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, and a second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode having opposite polarities, the solid electrolyte layer being disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode to separate the first electrode and the second electrode; the insulating liquid is contained within the assembly space, and the solid-state battery cell is immersed in the insulating liquid.

[0007] In the above technical solution, by placing an insulating liquid within the assembly space of the casing, and immersing the solid-state battery cell within the assembly space in the insulating liquid, the insulating liquid can coat the outside of the solid-state battery cell and apply external pressure to it. This improves the contact area and contact effect between the first electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, and between the second electrode and the solid electrolyte layer. This battery structure allows for pressure application to the solid-state battery cell from multiple directions, which is beneficial for improving the contact area and contact effect at any point between the first electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, and between the second electrode and the solid electrolyte layer. Furthermore, it ensures that the external pressure on the solid-state battery cell is not affected by the contraction and expansion of the solid-state battery cell. When solid-state batteries experience contraction and expansion during use, the insulating liquid maintains pressure on the battery, ensuring a constant external pressure. This effectively mitigates reduced contact area or poor contact between the first and second electrodes and the solid electrolyte layer, thus reducing conductivity variations and fluctuations at different locations. Furthermore, it significantly lowers the risk of internal short circuits caused by ion metal deposition and electrolyte layer breakdown, reducing performance degradation and failure. This improves battery reliability and lifespan. Additionally, the immersion of the solid-state battery in the insulating liquid allows for heat exchange, providing thermal management and mitigating overheating or underheating issues.

[0008] In some embodiments, the solid-state battery cell is cylindrical, and at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode along the radial direction of the solid-state battery cell; wherein the insulating liquid covers at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the solid-state battery cell.

[0009] In the above technical solution, by setting the solid-state battery cell to a cylindrical structure, at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer is located radially between the first and second electrodes of the solid-state battery cell, and the insulating liquid covers at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the solid-state battery cell. This allows the insulating liquid to better pressurize the first electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, as well as the second electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, when pressure is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the solid-state battery cell. This further increases the contact area and contact effect between the first electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, and between the second electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, thereby reducing the phenomenon of conductivity differences and fluctuations at different locations in the solid-state battery cell. Consequently, it further reduces the risk of internal short circuits caused by ion metal deposition and breakdown of the solid electrolyte layer, and further reduces the risk of performance degradation or even failure of the solid-state battery cell during use, thus improving the reliability and lifespan of the battery. In addition, setting the solid-state battery cell to a cylindrical shape can alleviate the difficulty of aligning the edges of the first electrode, the solid electrolyte layer, and the second electrode, which is beneficial to improving the production quality of the solid-state battery cell.

[0010] In some embodiments, the insulating liquid fills the space in the assembly space that is not occupied by the solid-state battery cell.

[0011] In the above technical solution, by setting the insulating liquid as the space to fill the assembly space not occupied by the solid-state battery cell, the gap between any position of the solid-state battery cell and the housing is filled with insulating liquid, so as to realize the structure in which the solid-state battery cell is completely covered by insulating liquid. On the one hand, it can further improve the pressurization effect of the insulating liquid on the solid-state battery cell, so as to further improve the contact area and contact effect between the first electrode and the solid electrolyte layer and between the second electrode and the solid electrolyte layer. On the other hand, it can further improve the heat exchange effect between the insulating liquid and the solid-state battery cell, so as to further alleviate the phenomenon of excessively high or low temperature of the solid-state battery cell during use.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second electrode forms a receiving cavity, at least a portion of the first electrode is disposed within the receiving cavity, at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer is disposed within the receiving cavity, and the solid electrolyte layer is located between the outer surface of the first electrode and the inner surface of the second electrode.

[0013] In the above technical solution, by setting the second electrode to form a cavity, and at least a portion of the first electrode is disposed within the cavity, and the solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the outer surface of the first electrode and the inner surface of the second electrode, a solid cell structure with the solid electrolyte layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode is formed. The solid cell with this structure can achieve a structure in which the first electrode, the solid electrolyte layer and the second electrode are sequentially covered from the inside out. On the one hand, it can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the solid cell and improve the production efficiency of the solid cell. On the other hand, it can alleviate the difficulty of aligning the edges of the first electrode, the solid electrolyte layer and the second electrode, and reduce the phenomenon of stress concentration and damage at the edges of the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby effectively improving the production quality of the solid cell.

[0014] In some embodiments, along a first direction, the receiving cavity has a first opening at one end of the second electrode; wherein at least a portion of the first electrode is inserted into the receiving cavity from the first opening along the first direction.

[0015] In the above technical solution, by providing a first opening that communicates with the receiving cavity at one end of the second electrode along the first direction, and by inserting the first electrode into the receiving cavity from the first opening along the first direction, at least a portion of the first electrode is accommodated in the receiving cavity. Solid-state cells with this structure can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of placing the first electrode in the receiving cavity of the second electrode, and can also reduce the difficulty of placing the solid electrolyte layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby further reducing the manufacturing difficulty of solid-state cells.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first electrode includes a first active material layer, the second electrode includes a second active material layer, and the solid electrolyte layer is located between the first active material layer and the second active material layer; wherein, along the first direction, the first active material layer does not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer near the first opening; and / or, along the first direction, the second active material layer does not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer near the first opening.

[0017] In the above technical solution, by setting the first active material layer of the first electrode to not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer near the first opening in the first direction, the effect of the solid electrolyte layer separating the first active material layer of the first electrode and the second active material layer of the second electrode can be improved. This helps to reduce the short circuit between the first and second electrodes, thereby reducing the risk of internal short circuits in the solid-state battery cell during use. Similarly, by setting the second active material layer of the second electrode to not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer near the first opening in the first direction, the effect of the solid electrolyte layer separating the first active material layer of the first electrode and the second active material layer of the second electrode can be improved. This helps to reduce the short circuit between the first and second electrodes, thereby reducing the risk of internal short circuits in the solid-state battery cell during use.

[0018] In some embodiments, along the first direction, one end of the first electrode extends out of the receiving cavity; wherein, the solid-state battery cell further includes an electrode lead-out portion electrically connected to the first electrode, the electrode lead-out portion being located at the end of the second electrode where the first opening is formed.

[0019] In the above technical solution, by setting one end of the first electrode in the first direction to extend out of the receiving cavity, and by providing an electrode lead-out portion electrically connected to the first electrode on the side where the second electrode forms the first opening, the electrode lead-out portion can input or output the electrical energy of the first electrode. The solid-state cell with this structure can reduce the difficulty of inputting or outputting electrical energy of the first electrode of the solid-state cell, and can reduce the difficulty of subsequent assembly of the solid-state cell into a battery pack.

[0020] In some embodiments, the electrode lead-out portion covers the first opening along the first direction.

[0021] In the above technical solution, by setting the electrode lead-out part to cover the first opening of the second electrode plate along the first direction, the electrode lead-out part can not only realize the input or output of electrical energy of the first electrode plate, but also play a certain role in blocking the first opening. This helps to alleviate the phenomenon of impurities or other substances entering the cavity from the first opening, thereby reducing the risk of solid-state cells being damaged or internally short-circuited during use.

[0022] In some embodiments, the solid-state battery cell further includes an insulating member; the insulating member is disposed between the electrode lead-out portion and the second electrode plate along the first direction to insulate and isolate the electrode lead-out portion and the second electrode plate.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the solid-state cell is also provided with an insulating component, which is disposed in the first direction between the electrode lead and the second electrode, so that the insulating component can provide insulation and isolation between the electrode lead and the second electrode, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit between the electrode lead and the second electrode and thus effectively improving the reliability of the battery.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first electrode includes a first current collector and a first active material layer; the first current collector is inserted into the receiving cavity from the first opening along the first direction, and one end of the first current collector extends out of the receiving cavity and is connected to the electrode lead-out portion; the first active material layer is disposed on the outer surface of the portion of the first current collector inserted into the receiving cavity, and the first active material layer is located between the first current collector and the solid electrolyte layer; wherein, in the same plane perpendicular to the first direction, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first current collector is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the electrode lead-out portion.

[0025] In the above technical solution, by setting the area of ​​the electrode lead-out portion projected in the first direction to be larger than the area of ​​the first current collector projected in the first direction, the area of ​​the electrode lead-out portion used for interconnection with other components is larger than that of the first current collector. This effectively increases the area of ​​the first electrode of the solid-state cell used for interconnection with other components. On the one hand, it reduces the difficulty of subsequent assembly of solid-state cells into battery packs, which is beneficial to improving battery assembly efficiency. On the other hand, it increases the current flow area between the first electrode of the solid-state cell and other components, which is beneficial to improving battery performance.

[0026] In some embodiments, the electrode lead-out portion is integrally formed with the first current collector.

[0027] In the above technical solution, by setting the electrode lead-out portion and the first current collector of the first electrode plate as an integrally formed structure, the connection reliability and stability between the electrode lead-out portion and the first current collector can be improved, which helps to reduce the phenomenon of the electrode lead-out portion and the first current collector separating from each other during use, thereby reducing the risk of connection failure of solid-state battery cells during use.

[0028] In some embodiments, the battery includes a plurality of solid-state cells, all of which are disposed within the assembly space and immersed in the insulating liquid.

[0029] In the above technical solution, by setting multiple solid-state cells in the assembly space of the casing, and immersing all the solid-state cells in insulating liquid, the battery capacity can be increased while the insulating liquid can pressurize the multiple solid-state cells. This helps to reduce the difficulty of pressurizing multiple solid-state cells in a large-capacity battery, thereby improving the battery assembly efficiency.

[0030] In some embodiments, a plurality of the solid-state cells are spaced apart.

[0031] In the above technical solution, by arranging multiple solid-state cells in the assembly space at intervals, an insulating liquid is placed between each pair of adjacent solid-state cells, thereby mitigating the effect of pressurizing the multiple solid-state cells by the insulating liquid and reducing the interference between the multiple solid-state cells.

[0032] In some embodiments, the enclosure includes a body and a lid; the body has a second opening; the lid closes to the second opening and is sealed to the body, the lid and the body together defining the assembly space.

[0033] In the above technical solution, the box is provided with a box body and a box cover, and the assembly space is a structure jointly defined by the box body and the box cover. The battery with this structure is convenient for assembling solid-state cells into the assembly space of the box and for injecting insulating liquid into the assembly space of the box, which helps to reduce the assembly difficulty of the battery. On the other hand, the sealing connection between the box body and the box cover can realize an assembly space with sealing performance, which helps to reduce the molding difficulty of the assembly space and improve the production efficiency of the battery.

[0034] In some embodiments, the insulating fluid includes lubricating oil or hydraulic oil.

[0035] In the above technical solution, lubricating oil or hydraulic oil is used as the insulating fluid to pressurize the solid-state battery cell. Since lubricating oil or hydraulic oil has good electrical insulation properties and is not prone to chemical reaction with the solid-state battery cell, the risk of internal short circuit in the battery can be reduced, and the phenomenon of solid-state battery cell being contaminated or chemically reacting with the insulating fluid can be alleviated, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the battery.

[0036] In some embodiments, the insulating liquid includes silicone oil or mineral oil.

[0037] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, including the battery described above, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the battery structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the battery structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solid-state battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a solid-state battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application, perpendicular to the first direction;

[0044] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a solid-state battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application, parallel to a first direction.

[0045] Icons: 1000 - Vehicle; 100 - Battery; 10 - Housing; 11 - Assembly space; 12 - Housing body; 121 - Second opening; 13 - Housing cover; 20 - Solid cell; 21 - First electrode; 211 - First current collector; 212 - First active material layer; 22 - Solid electrolyte layer; 23 - Second electrode; 231 - Second current collector; 232 - Second active material layer; 233 - Receiving cavity; 234 - First opening; 24 - Electrode lead-out; 25 - Insulator; 30 - Insulating liquid; 200 - Controller; 300 - Motor; X - First direction. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0048] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0049] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0051] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0052] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0053] In this embodiment of the application, the solid-state battery cell can be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a solid-state battery cell that can be recharged after being discharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used.

[0054] Solid-state batteries can be lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, magnesium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these.

[0055] Solid-state battery cells typically consist of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an insulating component. During the charging and discharging process of a solid-state battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrodes. The insulating component, placed between the positive and negative electrodes, prevents short circuits while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0056] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0057] As an example, the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.

[0058] As an example, the positive electrode current collector can be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, it can be aluminum with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, or titanium, etc. Composite current collectors can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. Composite current collectors can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0059] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphate, lithium transition metal oxide, and their respective modified compounds. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as battery positive electrode active materials may also be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of lithium phosphate may include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (also referred to as LFP)), lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites, lithium iron manganese phosphate, and lithium iron manganese phosphate and carbon composites. Examples of lithium transition metal oxide may include, but are not limited to, lithium cobalt oxide (such as LiCoO2), lithium nickel oxide (such as LiNiO2), lithium manganese oxide (such as LiMnO2, LiMn2O4), lithium nickel cobalt oxide, lithium manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (such as LiNi). 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 O2 (also known as NCM)333 LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O2 (also known as NCM) 523 LiNi 0.5 Co 0.25 Mn 0.25 O2 (also known as NCM) 211 LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O2 (also known as NCM) 622 LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O2 (also known as NCM) 811 ), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (such as LiNi) 0.85 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 At least one of O2 and its modified compounds.

[0060] In some embodiments, the positive electrode can be a foamed metal. The foamed metal can be foamed nickel, foamed copper, foamed aluminum, foamed alloys, etc. When foamed metal is used as the positive electrode, the surface of the foamed metal may or may not contain a positive electrode active material. As an example, lithium source material, potassium metal, or sodium metal can also be filled and / or deposited within the foamed metal, where the lithium source material is lithium metal and / or a lithium-rich material.

[0061] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.

[0062] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil, a foamed metal, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, it can be silver-treated aluminum or stainless steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, nickel, or titanium, etc. Foamed metal can be foamed nickel, foamed copper, foamed aluminum, foamed alloy, etc. Composite current collectors can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. Composite current collectors can be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0063] As an example, the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0064] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0065] As an example, the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material known in the art for use in solid-state battery cells. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc. Silicon-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. Tin-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0066] In some embodiments, the positive current collector can be made of aluminum, and the negative current collector can be made of copper.

[0067] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, serving both to transport ions and to isolate the positive and negative electrodes.

[0068] Solid electrolytes include polymer solid electrolytes, inorganic solid electrolytes, and composite solid electrolytes.

[0069] As an example, polymer solid electrolytes can be polyether (polyoxyethylene), polysiloxane, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, monoionic polymers, polyionic liquids-lithium salts, cellulose, etc.

[0070] As an example, inorganic solid electrolytes may include one or more of the following: oxide solid electrolytes (crystalline perovskite, sodium superconducting ion conductor, garnet, amorphous LiPON thin film), sulfide solid electrolytes (crystalline lithium superconducting ion conductor (lithium germanium phosphate sulfide, silver sulfide germanium ore), amorphous sulfides), halide solid electrolytes, nitride solid electrolytes, and hydride solid electrolytes.

[0071] As an example, composite solid electrolytes are formed by adding inorganic solid electrolyte fillers to polymer solid electrolytes.

[0072] In some implementations, the solid-state battery cell has a wound structure. The positive and negative electrode plates are wound into a wound structure.

[0073] In some implementations, the solid-state battery cell has a stacked structure.

[0074] As an example, multiple positive and negative electrodes can be set, and multiple positive and multiple negative electrodes can be stacked alternately.

[0075] As an example, multiple positive electrode plates can be provided, and negative electrode plates can be folded to form multiple stacked folded segments, with a positive electrode plate sandwiched between adjacent folded segments.

[0076] As an example, both the positive and negative electrode plates are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments.

[0077] As an example, multiple separators can be provided, each positioned between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0078] As an example, the separators can be continuously arranged, either by folding or rolling between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0079] In some implementations, the solid-state battery cell can be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal, etc.

[0080] As an example, solid-state cells can be cylindrical solid-state cells, prismatic solid-state cells, pouch solid-state cells, or solid-state cells of other shapes.

[0081] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module comprising one or more solid-state cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.

[0082] In some embodiments, the battery can be a battery module. When there are multiple solid-state cells, the multiple solid-state cells are arranged and fixed to form a battery module.

[0083] In some embodiments, the battery can be a battery pack, which includes a housing and solid-state cells, with the solid-state cells or battery modules housed within the housing.

[0084] In some embodiments, the housing may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0085] In some embodiments, the battery can be an energy storage device. Energy storage devices include energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, etc.

[0086] Batteries possess outstanding advantages such as high energy density, low environmental pollution, high power density, long lifespan, wide applicability, and low self-discharge coefficient, making them a crucial component of today's new energy development. The development of battery technology must simultaneously consider multiple design factors, such as energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, and charge / discharge rate.

[0087] In battery technology, to improve energy density and charging speed, batteries are typically designed as solid-state batteries. These batteries consist of a casing and solid-state cells housed within it. In related technologies, a solid-state cell includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the positive and negative electrodes. However, since electron and ion transfer between the positive electrode, solid electrolyte layer, and negative electrode in a solid-state cell occurs through particle-to-particle contact, external pressure is required to increase the contact area and effectiveness between the positive and negative electrodes and the solid electrolyte layer. However, during charging and discharging, the solid-state cells in these technologies experience volume contraction and expansion due to the material's own properties. This can lead to significant stress accumulation within the solid-state battery cell, making it impossible to maintain a constant external pressure. Consequently, during the use of the solid-state battery cell, the contact area between the positive and negative electrodes and the solid electrolyte layer may decrease or the contact effect may be poor. This results in varying and fluctuating conductivity at different locations within the solid-state battery cell. On one hand, this can easily cause ion metal deposition during use, and excessive ion metal deposition can even lead to breakdown of the solid electrolyte layer, posing a risk of internal short circuits during use. On the other hand, it can easily lead to performance degradation or even battery failure, which is detrimental to improving battery reliability and lifespan.

[0088] Based on the above considerations, in order to solve the problems of low battery reliability and short service life, this application provides a battery comprising a casing, a solid-state battery cell, and an insulating liquid. An assembly space is formed inside the casing. The solid-state battery cell is disposed within the assembly space and includes a first electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, and a second electrode. The first and second electrodes have opposite polarities. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the first and second electrodes to separate them. The insulating liquid is contained within the assembly space, and the solid-state battery cell is immersed in the insulating liquid.

[0089] In this battery structure, an insulating liquid is placed within the assembly space of the casing, and the solid-state battery cell housed within this space is immersed in the insulating liquid. This allows the insulating liquid to coat the outside of the solid-state battery cell and apply external pressure, thereby improving the contact area and contact effect between the first electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, as well as between the second electrode and the solid electrolyte layer. This battery structure allows for pressure application to the solid-state battery cell from multiple directions, which is beneficial for improving the contact area and contact effect at any point between the first electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, and between the second electrode and the solid electrolyte layer. Furthermore, it ensures that the external pressure on the solid-state battery cell is not affected by the contraction and expansion of the solid-state battery cell. When solid-state batteries experience contraction and expansion during use, the insulating liquid maintains pressure on the battery, ensuring a constant external pressure. This effectively mitigates reduced contact area or poor contact between the first and second electrodes and the solid electrolyte layer, thus reducing conductivity variations and fluctuations at different locations. Furthermore, it significantly lowers the risk of internal short circuits caused by ion metal deposition and electrolyte layer breakdown, reducing performance degradation and failure. This improves battery reliability and lifespan. Additionally, the immersion of the solid-state battery in the insulating liquid allows for heat exchange, providing thermal management and mitigating overheating or underheating issues.

[0090] The batteries disclosed in this application can be used, but are not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power system for such an electrical device can be composed of batteries disclosed in this application. This helps to mitigate problems such as internal short circuits or performance degradation during battery use, thereby improving battery reliability and lifespan.

[0091] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0092] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will use a vehicle as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery 100 can serve as the operating power source or general power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 controls the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during startup, navigation, and driving.

[0094] In some embodiments of this application, the battery 100 can not only serve as the operating power or power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0095] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of this application, Figure 3 is an exploded view of the battery 100 provided in some embodiments of this application, Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a solid-state battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the solid-state battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application perpendicular to the first direction X, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the solid-state battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application parallel to the first direction X. This application provides a battery 100, which includes a housing 10, a solid-state battery cell 20, and an insulating liquid 30. An assembly space 11 is formed inside the housing 10. The solid-state battery cell 20 is disposed within the assembly space 11. The solid-state battery cell 20 includes a first electrode 21, a solid electrolyte layer 22, and a second electrode 23. The first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23 have opposite polarities. The solid electrolyte layer 22 is disposed between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23 to separate the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23. An insulating liquid 30 is contained within an assembly space 11, and a solid-state battery cell 20 is immersed in the insulating liquid 30, which is configured to apply pressure to the solid-state battery cell 20.

[0096] The housing 10 provides an assembly space 11 for the solid-state battery cell 20. The housing 10 can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a housing body 12 and a housing cover 13, which are mutually closed and sealed together, defining the assembly space 11 for accommodating the solid-state battery cell 20. The housing body 12 may be a hollow structure open at one end, and the housing cover 13 may be a plate-like structure, covering the open side of the housing body 12 so that the housing body 12 and the housing cover 13 together define the assembly space 11. Alternatively, in other embodiments, both the housing body 12 and the housing cover 13 may be hollow structures open on one side, with the open side of the housing cover 13 covering the open side of the housing body 12.

[0097] Of course, the box body 10 formed by the box body 12 and the box cover 13 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, or a cube. For example, in Figure 2, the shape of the box body 10 is a cuboid.

[0098] In the battery 100, there can be one or more solid-state cells 20 disposed within the housing 10. When there are multiple solid-state cells 20 disposed within the housing 10, they can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration. A mixed configuration means that multiple solid-state cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel configurations. Multiple solid-state cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration, and then the entire assembly of the multiple solid-state cells 20 is housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery 100 can also be composed of multiple solid-state cells 20 first connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a whole, which is then housed within the housing 10.

[0099] In some embodiments, the battery 100 may also include other structures. For example, the battery 100 may also include a busbar for connecting multiple solid-state cells 20 to achieve electrical connection between the multiple solid-state cells 20.

[0100] The solid-state battery cell 20 includes a first electrode 21, a solid electrolyte layer 22, and a second electrode 23. The first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23 have opposite polarities, that is, the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23 are used as the positive and negative electrodes for input or output of the solid-state battery cell 20, respectively.

[0101] The solid electrolyte layer 22 is disposed between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23 to separate the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23. In other words, the solid electrolyte layer 22 is located between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23, which can not only transport ions and electrons, but also separate the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23 to reduce the risk of short circuit between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23.

[0102] For example, the solid electrolyte layer 22 may be a polymer solid electrolyte layer 22, an inorganic solid electrolyte layer 22, or a composite solid electrolyte layer 22, etc.

[0103] The first electrode 21 includes a first current collector 211 and a first active material layer 212 disposed on the surface of the first current collector 211 facing the solid electrolyte layer 22. Correspondingly, the second electrode 23 includes a second current collector 231 and a second active material layer 232 disposed on the surface of the second current collector 231 facing the solid electrolyte layer 22, so that the solid electrolyte layer 22 is located between the first active material layer 212 of the first electrode 21 and the second active material layer 232 of the second electrode 23.

[0104] For example, if the first electrode 21 is a negative electrode, then the second electrode 23 is a positive electrode. Correspondingly, the first active material layer 212 of the first electrode 21 includes a negative active material, and the second active material layer 232 of the second electrode 23 includes a positive active material. Of course, in other embodiments, the first electrode 21 may also be a positive electrode, and the second electrode 23 may be a negative electrode.

[0105] Optionally, the solid-state battery cell 20 can have various shapes, such as a cuboid, cylinder, prism, or other shapes. For example, in Figures 3 and 4, the solid-state battery cell 20 has a cylindrical structure. Correspondingly, the first electrode 21, the solid electrolyte layer 22, and the second electrode 23 are all cylindrical and coaxially arranged. The solid electrolyte layer 22 covers the outside of the first electrode 21, and the second electrode 23 covers the outside of the solid electrolyte layer 22.

[0106] The solid-state battery cell 20 is immersed in an insulating liquid 30, which is configured to apply pressure to the solid-state battery cell 20. That is, the insulating liquid 30 covers the outside of the solid-state battery cell 20, so that the hydraulic pressure of the insulating liquid 30 itself can act on the outer surface of the solid-state battery cell 20 to pressurize the solid-state battery cell 20, thereby increasing the contact effect between the first electrode 21 and the solid electrolyte layer 22, as well as between the second electrode 23 and the solid electrolyte layer 22.

[0107] For example, the insulating liquid 30 can be of various types, such as lubricating oil, such as silicone oil, or hydraulic oil, such as mineral oil or fluorinated oil.

[0108] In this embodiment, by providing an insulating liquid 30 within the assembly space 11 of the housing 10, and immersing the solid-state battery cell 20 within the assembly space 11 in the insulating liquid 30, the insulating liquid 30 can cover the outside of the solid-state battery cell 20 and apply external pressure to the solid-state battery cell 20. This improves the contact area and contact effect between the first electrode 21 and the solid electrolyte layer 22, and between the second electrode 23 and the solid electrolyte layer 22. The battery 100 with this structure can, on the one hand, apply pressure to the solid-state battery cell 20 from multiple directions, which is beneficial for improving the contact area and contact effect at any position between the first electrode 21 and the solid electrolyte layer 22, and between the second electrode 23 and the solid electrolyte layer 22. On the other hand, it ensures that the external pressure on the solid-state battery cell 20 is not affected by the contraction and expansion of the solid-state battery cell 20. The insulating liquid 30 maintains pressure on the solid-state battery cell 20 even during contraction and expansion, ensuring a constant external pressure. This effectively mitigates reduced contact area or poor contact between the first electrode 21 and the solid electrolyte layer 22, and between the second electrode 23 and the solid electrolyte layer 22. This reduces conductivity variations and fluctuations at different locations within the solid-state battery cell 20, thereby minimizing the risk of internal short circuits caused by ion metal deposition and breakdown of the solid electrolyte layer 22. Furthermore, it reduces the risk of performance degradation or even failure during use, improving the reliability and lifespan of the battery 100. Additionally, by immersing the solid-state battery cell 20 in the insulating liquid 30, heat exchange occurs between the liquid and the cell, providing thermal management and mitigating overheating or underheating during operation.

[0109] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 3, 4 and 5, the solid-state battery cell 20 is cylindrical. Along the radial direction of the solid-state battery cell 20, at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer 22 is located between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23. The insulating liquid 30 covers at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the solid-state battery cell 20 and is configured to apply pressure to the outer peripheral surface of the solid-state battery cell 20.

[0110] The central axis of the solid-state battery cell 20 extends along the first direction X.

[0111] Optionally, in the radial direction of the solid-state cell 20, the solid electrolyte layer 22 may be located only partially between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23, or it may be located entirely between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23. For example, referring to FIG6, the first electrode 21 is cylindrical, and its central axis extends along the first direction X. The solid electrolyte layer 22 and the second electrode 23 are both cylindrical and hollow structures with one end open in the first direction X. The solid electrolyte layer 22 is inserted inside the second electrode 23, and the first electrode 21 is inserted into the solid electrolyte layer 23. The solid electrolyte layer 22 is located only partially between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23. Of course, in other embodiments, the solid electrolyte layer 22 and the second electrode 23 may also be cylindrical and hollow structures with open ends in the first direction X, so that the solid electrolyte layer 22 surrounds the outer periphery of the first electrode 21 around the central axis of the first electrode 21, and correspondingly, the second electrode 23 surrounds the outer periphery of the solid electrolyte layer 22 around the central axis of the first electrode 21, so that the solid electrolyte layer 22 is entirely located between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23.

[0112] It should be noted that the radial direction of the solid-state battery cell 20 is: in the same plane perpendicular to the first direction X, the central axis of the solid-state battery cell 20 points to the outer peripheral surface of the solid-state battery cell 20 or the outer peripheral surface of the solid-state battery cell 20 points to the central axis of the solid-state battery cell 20.

[0113] In this embodiment, by setting the solid-state battery cell 20 as a cylindrical structure, at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer 22 is located radially between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23 of the solid-state battery cell 20, and the insulating liquid 30 covers at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the solid-state battery cell 20, the insulating liquid 30 can better pressurize the first electrode 21 and the solid electrolyte layer 22, as well as the second electrode 23 and the solid electrolyte layer 22, when pressure is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the solid-state battery cell 20. This can further improve the contact area and contact effect between the first electrode 21 and the solid electrolyte layer 22, and between the second electrode 23 and the solid electrolyte layer 22, thereby further reducing the phenomenon of different conductivity and fluctuations at different locations in the solid-state battery cell 20. This can further reduce the risk of internal short circuit caused by ion metal deposition and breakdown of the solid electrolyte layer 22 in the solid-state battery cell 20, and further reduce the risk of performance degradation or even failure of the solid-state battery cell 20 during use, thereby further improving the reliability and service life of the battery 100. In addition, by setting the solid-state cell 20 to a cylindrical shape, the difficulty of aligning the edges of the first electrode 21, the solid electrolyte layer 22, and the second electrode 23 can be alleviated, which is beneficial to improving the production quality of the solid-state cell 20.

[0114] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, insulating liquid 30 fills the space in assembly space 11 that is not occupied by solid-state battery cell 20. That is, the gap between solid-state battery cell 20 and the inner surface of housing 10, as well as the gap between solid-state battery cells 20, are filled with insulating liquid 30.

[0115] In this embodiment, by filling the space in the assembly space 11 that is not occupied by the solid-state battery cell 20, the insulating liquid 30 is provided in the gap between any position of the solid-state battery cell 20 and the housing 10, so that the solid-state battery cell 20 is completely covered by the insulating liquid 30. On the one hand, this can further improve the pressurization effect of the insulating liquid 30 on the solid-state battery cell 20, so as to further improve the contact area and contact effect between the first electrode 21 and the solid electrolyte layer 22 and between the second electrode 23 and the solid electrolyte layer 22. On the other hand, it can further improve the heat exchange effect between the insulating liquid 30 and the solid-state battery cell 20, so as to further alleviate the phenomenon of excessively high or low temperature of the solid-state battery cell 20 during use.

[0116] According to some embodiments of this application, as shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6, the second electrode 23 surrounds to form a receiving cavity 233, at least a portion of the first electrode 21 is disposed in the receiving cavity 233, at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer 22 is disposed in the receiving cavity 233, and the solid electrolyte layer 22 is located between the outer surface of the first electrode 21 and the inner surface of the second electrode 23.

[0117] The solid electrolyte layer 22 is located between the outer surface of the first electrode 21 and the inner surface of the second electrode 23. In other words, the solid electrolyte layer 22 is located between the outer surface of the portion of the first electrode 21 located in the receiving cavity 233 and the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 233.

[0118] In this embodiment, by configuring the second electrode 23 to form a cavity 233, and at least a portion of the first electrode 21 is disposed within the cavity 233, and the solid electrolyte layer 22 is disposed between the outer surface of the first electrode 21 and the inner surface of the second electrode 23, a solid cell 20 structure is formed in which the solid electrolyte layer 22 is located between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23. The solid cell 20 with this structure can achieve a structure in which the first electrode 21, the solid electrolyte layer 22 and the second electrode 23 are sequentially covered from the inside out. On the one hand, it can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the solid cell 20 and improve the production efficiency of the solid cell 20. On the other hand, it can alleviate the difficulty of aligning the edges of the first electrode 21, the solid electrolyte layer 22 and the second electrode 23 with each other, and can reduce the phenomenon of stress concentration and damage at the edges of the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23, thereby effectively improving the production quality of the solid cell 20.

[0119] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG6, along the first direction X, the receiving cavity 233 has a first opening 234 formed at one end of the second electrode 23, and at least a portion of the first electrode 21 is inserted into the receiving cavity 233 through the first opening 234 along the first direction X.

[0120] The first opening 234 is located at one end of the second electrode 23 in the first direction X, and the first opening 234 is connected to the receiving cavity 233, so that the first electrode 21 is inserted into the receiving cavity 233 from the first opening 234 along the first direction X.

[0121] In this embodiment, by providing a first opening 234 communicating with the receiving cavity 233 at one end of the second electrode 23 along the first direction X, and by inserting the first electrode 21 into the receiving cavity 233 from the first opening 234 along the first direction X, at least a portion of the first electrode 21 is accommodated in the receiving cavity 233. The solid-state battery cell 20 with this structure can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of placing the first electrode 21 in the receiving cavity 233 of the second electrode 23, and can reduce the difficulty of placing the solid electrolyte layer 22 between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23, thereby further reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the solid-state battery cell 20.

[0122] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 5 and 6, the first electrode 21 includes a first active material layer 212, the second electrode 23 includes a second active material layer 232, and the solid electrolyte layer 22 is located between the first active material layer 212 and the second active material layer 232. Along the first direction X, the first active material layer 212 does not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer 22 near the first opening 234.

[0123] The first electrode 21 includes a first current collector 211 and a first active material layer 212. The first active material layer 212 is disposed on the outer surface of the first current collector 211 facing the solid electrolyte layer 22. The second electrode 23 includes a second current collector 231 and a second active material layer 232. The second active material layer 232 is disposed on the inner surface of the second active material layer 232 facing the solid electrolyte layer 22, so that the two sides of the solid electrolyte layer 22 are respectively facing the first active material layer 212 and the second active material layer 232.

[0124] Optionally, along the first direction X, the first active material layer 212 does not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer 22 near the first opening 234. This can be either the end of the first active material layer 212 near the first opening 234 in the first direction X is flush with the end of the solid electrolyte layer 22 near the first opening 234 in the first direction X, or the solid electrolyte layer 22 extends beyond the end of the first active material layer 212 near the first opening 234 in the first direction X.

[0125] In this embodiment, by setting the first active material layer 212 of the first electrode 21 to not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer 22 near the first opening 234 in the first direction X, the effect of the solid electrolyte layer 22 in separating the first active material layer 212 of the first electrode 21 and the second active material layer 232 of the second electrode 23 can be improved. This helps to reduce the short circuit between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23, thereby reducing the risk of internal short circuit in the solid cell 20 during use.

[0126] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, along the first direction X, the second active material layer 232 does not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer 22 near the first opening 234.

[0127] Optionally, along the first direction X, the second active material layer 232 does not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer 22 near the first opening 234. This can be either that the end of the second active material layer 232 near the first opening 234 in the first direction X is flush with the end of the solid electrolyte layer 22 near the first opening 234 in the first direction X, or that the solid electrolyte layer 22 extends beyond the end of the second active material layer 232 near the first opening 234 in the first direction X.

[0128] In this embodiment, by setting the second active material layer 232 of the second electrode 23 to not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer 22 near the first opening 234 in the first direction X, the effect of the solid electrolyte layer 22 in separating the first active material layer 212 of the first electrode 21 and the second active material layer 232 of the second electrode 23 can be improved. This helps to reduce the short circuit between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23, thereby reducing the risk of internal short circuit in the solid cell 20 during use.

[0129] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 4 and 6, a receiving cavity 233 extends from one end of the first electrode 21 along the first direction X. The solid-state battery cell 20 may also include an electrode lead-out portion 24, which is electrically connected to the first electrode 21 and is located at the end of the second electrode 23 where the first opening 234 is formed.

[0130] Along the first direction X, one end of the first electrode 21 extends out of the receiving cavity 233, that is, part of the first electrode 21 is located in the receiving cavity 233 and part of the first electrode 21 extends out of the first opening 234. For example, in FIG6, the first current collector 211 of the first electrode 21 extends out of the receiving cavity 233 from the first opening 234 along the first direction X.

[0131] For example, the electrode lead-out portion 24 is located outside the second electrode 23 and at the end of the second electrode 23 where the first opening 234 is formed in the first direction X. The electrode lead-out portion 24 is connected to the end of the first current collector 211 of the first electrode 21 extending out of the receiving cavity 233, so that the electrode lead-out portion 24 can input or output the electrical energy of the first electrode 21. For example, in FIG4, the solid-state battery cell 20 is cylindrical, and correspondingly, the electrode lead-out portion 24 is also cylindrical. The second current collector 231 located outside the second electrode 23 can directly serve as the output or input electrode of the second electrode 23 to input or output the electrical energy of the second electrode 23.

[0132] In this embodiment, by setting one end of the first electrode 21 in the first direction X to extend out of the receiving cavity 233, and by providing an electrode lead-out portion 24 electrically connected to the first electrode 21 on the side where the second electrode 23 forms the first opening 234, the electrode lead-out portion 24 can input or output electrical energy from the first electrode 21. The solid-state battery cell 20 with this structure can reduce the difficulty of inputting or outputting electrical energy from the first electrode 21 of the solid-state battery cell 20, and can reduce the difficulty of subsequent assembly of the solid-state battery cell 20 into a battery pack to form the battery 100.

[0133] In some embodiments, referring to FIG6, the electrode lead-out portion 24 covers the first opening 234 along the first direction X. That is, the projection of the first opening 234 in the first direction X is located within the electrode lead-out portion 24.

[0134] In this embodiment, by setting the electrode lead-out portion 24 to cover the first opening 234 of the second electrode plate 23 along the first direction X, the electrode lead-out portion 24 can not only realize the input or output of electrical energy of the first electrode plate 21, but also play a certain role in blocking the first opening 234. This helps to alleviate the phenomenon of impurities or other substances entering the receiving cavity 233 from the first opening 234, thereby reducing the risk of the solid-state battery cell 20 being damaged or experiencing internal short circuits during use.

[0135] According to some embodiments of this application, as shown in Figures 4 and 6, the solid-state battery cell 20 may further include an insulating member 25, which is disposed along a first direction X between the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the second electrode plate 23 to insulate and isolate the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the second electrode plate 23.

[0136] The insulating member 25 is disposed in the first direction X between the end of the second electrode 23 where the first opening 234 is formed and the electrode lead-out portion 24, so that the insulating member 25 can insulate and isolate the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the second electrode 23. The insulating member 25 can be made of various materials, such as rubber, silicone or plastic.

[0137] In this embodiment, the solid-state cell 20 is further provided with an insulating member 25, which is disposed in the first direction X between the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the second electrode plate 23, so that the insulating member 25 can provide insulation and isolation between the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the second electrode plate 23, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit between the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the second electrode plate 23, and thus effectively improving the reliability of the battery 100.

[0138] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG6, the first electrode 21 may include a first current collector 211 and a first active material layer 212. The first current collector 211 is inserted into the receiving cavity 233 from the first opening 234 along the first direction X, and one end of the first current collector 211 extends out of the receiving cavity 233 and is connected to the electrode lead-out portion 24. The first active material layer 212 is disposed on the outer surface of the portion of the first current collector 211 inserted into the receiving cavity 233, and the first active material layer 212 is located between the first current collector 211 and the solid electrolyte layer 22. In the same plane perpendicular to the first direction X, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first current collector 211 is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the electrode lead-out portion 24.

[0139] The first current collector 211 and the electrode lead-out portion 24 can be integrally formed or separately set. If the first current collector 211 and the electrode lead-out portion 24 are separately set, the connection structure between the first current collector 211 and the electrode lead-out portion 24 can be various, such as welding connection, snap-fit ​​or threaded connection.

[0140] In the same plane perpendicular to the first direction X, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first current collector 211 is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the electrode lead-out portion 24. That is, in the first direction X, the electrode lead-out portion 24 covers the first current collector 211.

[0141] In this embodiment, by setting the area of ​​the projection of the electrode lead-out portion 24 in the first direction X to be larger than the area of ​​the projection of the first current collector 211 in the first direction X, the area of ​​the electrode lead-out portion 24 used for interconnection with other components is larger than that of the first current collector 211. This effectively increases the area of ​​the first electrode 21 of the solid-state cell 20 used for interconnection with other components. On the one hand, this reduces the difficulty of subsequent assembly of the solid-state cell 20 into a battery 100, which is beneficial to improving the assembly efficiency of the battery 100. On the other hand, it increases the current flow area between the first electrode 21 of the solid-state cell 20 and other components, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the battery 100.

[0142] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the first current collector 211 are integrally formed. That is, the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the first current collector 211 are integral structures, and the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the first current collector 211 can be formed by integral forming processes such as casting or milling.

[0143] In this embodiment, by setting the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the first current collector 211 of the first electrode plate 21 as an integrally formed structure, the connection reliability and stability between the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the first current collector 211 can be improved, which helps to reduce the phenomenon of the electrode lead-out portion 24 and the first current collector 211 separating from each other during use, thereby reducing the risk of connection failure of the solid-state battery cell 20 during use.

[0144] According to some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG3, the battery 100 may include a plurality of solid-state cells 20, all of which are disposed within the assembly space 11 and are immersed in the insulating liquid 30.

[0145] The solid-state battery cell 20 is cylindrical, and the central axis of the solid-state battery cell 20 extends along the first direction X. Multiple solid-state battery cells 20 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0146] In this embodiment, by setting multiple solid-state cells 20 in the assembly space 11 of the housing 10, and immersing all the solid-state cells 20 in the insulating liquid 30, the capacity of the battery 100 can be increased while the insulating liquid 30 can pressurize the multiple solid-state cells 20. This helps to reduce the difficulty of pressurizing the multiple solid-state cells 20 in the large-capacity battery 100, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the battery 100.

[0147] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 3, a plurality of solid-state battery cells 20 are spaced apart. That is, gaps are formed between the plurality of solid-state battery cells 20, and the gaps are filled with insulating liquid 30.

[0148] In this embodiment, by arranging multiple solid-state cells 20 in the assembly space 11 at intervals, an insulating liquid 30 is provided between each pair of adjacent solid-state cells 20, thereby mitigating the effect of the insulating liquid 30 pressurizing the multiple solid-state cells 20 and reducing the interference between the multiple solid-state cells 20.

[0149] According to some embodiments of this application, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the box 10 may include a box body 12 and a box cover 13. The box body 12 has a second opening 121, and the box cover 13 closes to the second opening 121 and is sealed to the box body 12. The box cover 13 and the box body 12 together define an assembly space 11.

[0150] The box body 12 and the box cover 13 are arranged along the first direction X, and the second opening 121 is formed on one side of the box body 12 in the first direction X.

[0151] The lid 13 is sealed to the body 12, that is, the assembly space 11 formed by the connection between the lid 13 and the body 12 is a sealed space. Optionally, the sealing connection structure between the lid 13 and the body 12 can be various, such as welding or bonding.

[0152] In this embodiment, the housing 10 is provided with a housing body 12 and a housing cover 13, and the assembly space 11 is a structure jointly defined by the housing body 12 and the housing cover 13 of the housing 10. The battery 100 with this structure is convenient for assembling the solid-state battery cell 20 into the assembly space 11 of the housing 10 and for injecting the insulating liquid 30 into the assembly space 11 of the housing 10, which helps to reduce the assembly difficulty of the battery 100. On the other hand, the sealing connection between the housing body 12 and the housing cover 13 can realize the assembly space 11 with sealing performance, which helps to reduce the molding difficulty of the assembly space 11 and improve the production efficiency of the battery 100.

[0153] According to some embodiments of this application, the insulating liquid 30 includes lubricating oil or hydraulic oil.

[0154] For example, the insulating liquid 30 may be silicone oil or mineral oil, etc.

[0155] In this embodiment, lubricating oil or hydraulic oil is used as the insulating liquid 30 to pressurize the solid-state battery cell 20. Since the lubricating oil or hydraulic oil has good electrical insulation properties and is not prone to chemical reaction with the solid-state battery cell 20, the risk of internal short circuit in the battery 100 can be reduced, and the phenomenon of contamination of the solid-state battery cell 20 or chemical reaction with the insulating liquid 30 can be alleviated, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the battery 100.

[0156] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an electrical device, which includes a battery 100 of any of the above schemes, and the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0157] The electrical device can be any of the aforementioned devices or systems that use battery 100.

[0158] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0159] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery (100), comprising: The box (10) has an assembly space (11) inside; A solid-state battery cell (20) is disposed in the assembly space (11). The solid-state battery cell (20) includes a first electrode (21), a solid electrolyte layer (22), and a second electrode (23). The first electrode (21) and the second electrode (23) have opposite polarities. The solid electrolyte layer (22) is disposed between the first electrode (21) and the second electrode (23) to separate the first electrode (21) and the second electrode (23). as well as An insulating liquid (30) is contained within the assembly space (11), and the solid-state battery cell (20) is immersed in the insulating liquid (30).

2. The battery (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The solid-state battery cell (20) is cylindrical, and at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer (22) is located between the first electrode (21) and the second electrode (23) along the radial direction of the solid-state battery cell (20). The insulating liquid (30) covers at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the solid-state battery cell (20).

3. The battery (100) according to claim 2, wherein, The insulating liquid (30) fills the space in the assembly space (11) that is not occupied by the solid-state battery cell (20).

4. The battery (100) according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The second electrode (23) surrounds to form a receiving cavity (233), at least a portion of the first electrode (21) is disposed in the receiving cavity (233), at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer (22) is disposed in the receiving cavity (233), and the solid electrolyte layer (22) is located between the outer surface of the first electrode (21) and the inner surface of the second electrode (23).

5. The battery (100) according to claim 4, wherein, Along the first direction (X), the receiving cavity (233) has a first opening (234) at one end of the second pole piece (23); At least a portion of the first electrode (21) is inserted into the receiving cavity (233) from the first opening (234) along the first direction (X).

6. The battery (100) according to claim 5, wherein, The first electrode (21) includes a first active material layer (212), the second electrode (23) includes a second active material layer (232), and the solid electrolyte layer (22) is located between the first active material layer (212) and the second active material layer (232); Wherein, along the first direction (X), the first active material layer (212) does not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer (22) near the first opening (234); and / or Along the first direction (X), the second active material layer (232) does not extend beyond the end of the solid electrolyte layer (22) near the first opening (234).

7. The battery (100) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein, Along the first direction (X), one end of the first electrode (21) extends out of the receiving cavity (233); The solid-state battery cell (20) further includes an electrode lead-out portion (24), which is electrically connected to the first electrode (21) and is located at one end of the second electrode (23) where the first opening (234) is formed.

8. The battery (100) according to claim 7, wherein, Along the first direction (X), the electrode lead-out portion (24) covers the first opening (234).

9. The battery (100) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, The solid-state battery cell (20) also includes: An insulating member (25) is disposed between the electrode lead-out portion (24) and the second electrode plate (23) along the first direction (X) to insulate and isolate the electrode lead-out portion (24) and the second electrode plate (23).

10. The battery (100) according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein, The first electrode (21) includes: A first current collector (211) is inserted into the receiving cavity (233) from the first opening (234) along the first direction (X), and one end of the first current collector (211) extends out of the receiving cavity (233) and is connected to the electrode lead-out portion (24); A first active material layer (212) is disposed on the outer surface of the portion of the first current collector (211) inserted into the receiving cavity (233), and the first active material layer (212) is located between the first current collector (211) and the solid electrolyte layer (22). In the same plane perpendicular to the first direction (X), the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first current collector (211) is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the electrode lead-out portion (24).

11. The battery (100) according to claim 10, wherein, The electrode lead-out portion (24) is integrally formed with the first current collector (211).

12. The battery (100) according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The battery (100) includes a plurality of solid-state cells (20), all of which are disposed within the assembly space (11) and are immersed in the insulating liquid (30).

13. The battery (100) according to claim 12, wherein, Multiple solid-state cells (20) are spaced apart.

14. The battery (100) according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The housing (10) includes: The box body (12) has a second opening (121); A lid (13) is fitted over the second opening (121), and the lid (13) is sealed to the body of the box (12). The lid (13) and the body of the box (12) together define the assembly space (11).

15. The battery (100) according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein, The insulating liquid (30) includes lubricating oil or hydraulic oil.

16. The battery (100) according to claim 15, wherein, The insulating liquid (30) includes silicone oil or mineral oil.

17. An electrical device comprising a battery (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1-16, the battery (100) being used to provide electrical energy.

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